Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Metropolitan action'
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1
Meijers, E. J. "Synergy in polycentric urban regions complementarity, organising capacity and critical mass /." Delft : Delft University Press, 2007. http://www.netlibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=281407.
2
Rader, Olsson Amy. "Planning Metropolitan Regions : Institutional Perspectives and the Case for Space." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Royal Institute of Technology, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4707.
3
Netshifefhe, Elia Nkhumeleni. "An assessment of intrapreneurship in the Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Municipality / Elia Nkhumeleni Netshifefhe." Thesis, North-West University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/2655.
Abstract:
In most instances people tend to think of the public sector as monopolistic entities facing captive demand, enjoying guaranteed source and levels of financing, and being relatively immune from voters, stakeholders, and political institutions such as legislatures and courts (Morris & Kuratko, 2003: 305). Entrepreneurship or intrapreneurial behaviour is commonly discussed in the context of private business. However, government departments and other organs of state have a pressing need to think entrepreneurially (Rwigema & Venter, 2005:10). Against the backdrop of legacy of apartheid in South Africa, municipalities are still faced with the challenge of extending the fundamental benefits of basic water supply and sanitation, electricity and housing to all people. It is therefore imperative in the light of these challenges for a municipality like Ekurhuleni to operate as business does, by adopting an innovative or intrapreneurial approach. The primary objective of this study was to assess intrapreneurial climate in the Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Municipality and to make recommendations to foster intrapreneurship within the organisation. The literature review was instrumental to gather secondary data on corporate entrepreneurship (intrapreneurship) and to understand its dynamics. In order to gain primary data, quantitative research was carried out. The study population comprised lower, middle and top management participants, who were requested to complete questionnaires. This was followed by statistical analysis.
The empirical results indicate no practical significance in respondents' perception of their entrepreneurial characteristics in relation to their superiors. However, the results do indicate practical significant differences between the relationship between the groups of top/middle and lower management level and entrepreneurial climate. The respondents did not fully agree with the statements that the Ekurhuleni Municipality climate is conducive to foster entrepreneurial behaviour. However, it was revealed that practical significant differences were found on the relationship between management level variable and intrapreneurial climate constructs. The results of the study indicate that the
respondents have divergent views of the intrapreneurial climate in the Ekurhuleni Municipality and that these views are based on the following constructs: management support, sponsor (champions), tolerance for risks, mistakes and failure, appropriate rewards, discretionary time and work, empowered teams and multi-disciplinary teams and diversity, resources availability and accessibility, and flat organisational structure with open communication and strong sense of belonging. It can thus be concluded that lower level managers are of the opinion that the climate is not conducive for a spirit of innovation to prosper. The purpose of this research was to assess the intrapreneurial climate in the Ekurhuleni Municipality. Empirical evidence shows that there is a pressing need for a shift from the current top down approach to a future of entrepreneurism and innovation among the workforce. In light of the above-mentioned empirical findings, a practical action plan was recommended to the Ekurhuleni Municipality management in order to foster an intrapreneurial climate (see Table 5.1). Subsequent to the findings, a practical action plan was proposed to the Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Municipality's management to enhance a culture of innovation and entrepreneurial behaviour.Thesis (M.B.A.)--North-West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, 2009.
4
Rhoda, James George Phillip. "An analysis of the affirmative action policies and strategies of Oostenberg Municipality." University of Western Cape, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7477.
Abstract:
Masters in Public Administration - MPALocal authorities in the Western Cape have all initiated affirmative action policies to address past discrimination and ethnic inequalities, however ineffectual they may have been up to now. The debate arises; what kind of programme should be adopted to address issues such as discrimination, economic and social upliftment for disadvantaged groups and individuals? Oostenberg local authority organisation in the Western Cape is a functionary in the socio-economic rejuvenation of the poverty stricken, formerly deprived and most oppressed people of the Cape Metropolitan area. Transformation has not heralded the implementation of developmental strategies or the initiation of programmes, to address the huge inequalities that exist between black and white communities. This study argues that Affirmative Action should address holistic transformation of disadvantaged groups and individuals, to utilise the development potential of society to it's maximurn. The racial inequalities that pervade all aspects of life in South Africa are major factors contributing to racial hatred and civil disobedience. Apartheid has been formally eradicated from the South African Constitution, however, the vast differences between the opulent white minority and the increasing black majority is a reason for concern. Legislation has been promulgated to ensure that all private and public sector organisation adhere to, and commit themselves to the elimination of unfair discrimination in the workplace, however no amount of legislation can assure peace and harmony in a society filled with hatred. Affirmative action has been recognised as an agency to eradicate inequalities in income and status and to develop the human potential and ability. Those who benefit from affirmative action policies should be defined in terms of objective socio-economic principles, such as living conditions, education and income levels, to ensure that programmes target the genuinely disadvantaged. The growing feeling of discontent in the Western Cape is cause for concern and this is fuelled by the incorrect implementation of affirmative action. This study will utilise statistics, records, documents and interviews to obtain a detailed and descriptive analysis of strategies and policies thus far implemented in the Oostenberg Municipality. It is also the contention of this study that this organisation has applied limited policies and strategies to overcome the corrosive effects of discrimination.
5
Frantz, Amanda. "A comparative study of municipal waste disposal practices and management in the Breede River District Council and the Cape Metropolitan Area." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2006. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_5961_1253248664.
Abstract:
Solid waste management is a phenomenon that has been researched for many years. With the development of industries and commerce, waste inputs into waste management programs are crucial, since these are the sectors responsible for the generation of waste and thus the inputs are invaluable when programs are formulated. In order to develop effective waste management strategies, it is important to identify the source of waste generation and the processes that must be followed to minimize waste. The objective of this research was to follow waste from generation to ultimate disposal and to case study why and how differences in waste disposal practices occur in the Breede River District (BRD) and the Cape Metropolitan Area (CMA).
6
Findeisen, Francesco. "Financing metropolitan infrastructure delivery : the politics of governance in London and New York City." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019IEPP0032.
Abstract:
Des universitaires considèrent que les processus de transnationalisation segmentent l’autorité politique et érodent la capacité de gouverner les territoires aux niveaux national et métropolitain. En analysant la mise en œuvre de quatre projets d’infrastructure à Londres et dans la ville de New York, dans les secteurs du transport et de l’environnement, nous cherchons à démontrer la pertinence de l’action collective dans les territoires métropolitains. Ce travail démontre que la mondialisation ouvre des opportunités de caractère structurel aux autorités métropolitaines pour réaffirmer leur autorité politique au sein du territoire et introduit la possibilité d’exercer la gouvernance par les autorités non souveraines. Il avance l’idée que la dotation d’infrastructures est un terrain où ont lieu des luttes de pouvoir entre les autorités souveraines, les autorités non souveraines et les grandes entreprises où le vainqueur conquiert des capacités budgétaires et de financement, ce qui légitime son autorité dans les sphères politiques. Les études de cas illustrent le fait que les acteurs qualifiés de la politique métropolitaine utilisent la légitimité de leurs services pour formuler des politiques et créer un environnement favorable au partenariat entre la sphère publique et les experts en financement d’infrastructures, acquérant ainsi la capacité budgétaire et financière nécessaire aux projets d’infrastructure. En conclusion, ce travail soutient que la dotation d’infrastructures publiques aujourd’hui requiert la participation d’acteurs relevant de l’État et d’acteurs locaux, pour créer les conditions de l’investissement permettant de forger des relations significatives avec de grandes entreprises et des investisseurs partageant les responsabilités, les risques et les bénéficesScholars suggest that transnationalization processes fragment policy authority and undermine the governability of national and metropolitan societies. This dissertation analyzes the implementation of four infrastructure projects in London and New York City’s transit and environment sectors to probe collective action capacities in metropolitan territories. It demonstrates that globalization opens structural opportunities for metropolitan governments to reassert policy authority within their territories and infuses governance at sub-sovereign scale with politics. It argues that infrastructure provision is a terrain for power struggles between sovereign and sub-sovereign governments and large firms, in which the trophy is the accumulation of fiscal and financing capacity and legitimate authority over policy spheres. The case studies highlight that skilled metropolitan policy actors use the legitimacy of their offices to formulate policies and forge stakeholder environments in which public and infrastructure finance experts produce the necessary fiscal and financing capacity for infrastructure projects. It concludes that providing public infrastructures today requires state and local actors to create investment settings that forge meaningful relationships with large firms and investors between responsibilities, risks, and rewards
7
Delahunty, D. (David). "Educational export: Asap:an action research analysis of the pilot projects between bangkok metropolitan administration (BMA) and the extension school (TOPIK) of Oulu University." Master's thesis, University of Oulu, 2016. http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-201603181330.
Abstract:
The motivation for this thesis is based on my experiences during the summer of 2014, during which I had the opportunity to participate in an educational export pilot project that took place between Bangkok Metropolitan Administration (BMA) and the Extension School of Oulu University (TOPIK) concerning in-service training for BMA teachers and administrators.
In addition to providing an insight into the background to the projects from the perspectives of BMA and TOPIK, and introducing the main players involved, the main aims of this qualitative study are: to work in collaboration with the stakeholders in identifying the main issues and misunderstandings that were encountered throughout the projects from their perspectives, in addition to identifying and recording the main factors identified by respondents as being responsible for overcoming these and other obstacles and issues.
In order to achieve these aims an action research methodology was adopted. Qualitative data used in this research was collected via face to face interviews with the main actors, with additional data obtained from the researchers own participation in the projects, in addition to observations and field notes based on numerous conversations with participants, and relevant documentation. During the thesis process, the author also had the opportunity to spend several weeks in Bangkok during which time additional data and observations were acquired, through interviews, meetings, and a variety of visits.
Theories of intercultural communication establish that when dealing with cultures as far removed from each other as the Finnish and Thai cultures, there are always going to be a number of issues which would need to be addressed during these types of educational export pilot projects. While there were a host of minor obstacles and issues that needed to be dealt with on a continuous basis, the major issues identified by participants throughout the project process were: date and format changes, practical and ethical issues concerning ‘deliverables’ and goodwill, communication issues, issues related to payments, in addition to issues concerning contracts and documentation. The factors identified by participants as being the overriding factors in overcoming these, and indeed other issues and obstacles, can be summarized as being related to authority, local knowledge and trust.
8
Boulle, Therese Marie. "Developing an Understanding of the factors related to the effective functioning of Community Health Committees in Nelson Mandela Bay Metropolitan Municipality, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2007. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_4635_1253238212.
Abstract:
This research aimed to investigate the factors related to the functioning of Community Health Committees in Nelston MandelaBay Municipality. It intended to elicit information on factors which promote and inhibit their effective functioning. It used the qualitative research methods of focus group discussions, concluded with a sample of Community Health Committee members, and in depth, individual interviews with key informants. The contents of the transcriptions of all focus group discussions and in-depth individual interviews were analysed so as to identify the recurring themes and key suggestions.The findings indicated that Community Health Committees are not functioning as per their original intention and that relevant policies have not been accurately translated into practice.
9
Cordier, Mathilde. "De la politique du logement aux politiques locales de l'habitat : l'apprentissage de l'action collective négociée." Thesis, Paris Est, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PEST1136/document.
Abstract:
Depuis l'Acte I de la décentralisation, au début des années 1980, l'Etat a progressivement territorialisé les politiques du logement. Ce lent processus de territorialisation a abouti à un système d'action publique complexe dans le champ de l'habitat, où s'enchevêtrent les compétences de chacun des échelons publics. Au sein de cet éclatement de la responsabilité publique dans le domaine du logement, l'échelon intercommunal (soit les Etablissements de coopération intercommunale-EPCI) s'est vu confier par le législateur le rôle de "chef de file" des politiques de l'habitat sur les scènes locales du logement. La thèse se propose d'analyser le processus d'apprentissage à l'oeuvre dans l'élaboration et la mise en oeuvre de ces politiques locales de l'habitat, au sein d'un contexte d'incertitude généralisée qui caractérise aujourd'hui l'action publique en général, et l'action urbaine en particulier. Elle s'appuie sur un travail empirique mené au sein de deux configurations locales bénéficiant d'une ancienneté dans leur pratique de la coopération intercommunale, et d'une certaine maturité dans la prise en charge des questions d'habitat par l'action locale : les agglomérations de Lyon et de Dunkerque. La thèse interroge d'abord le rôle de l'Etat dans son apprentissage des nouvelles responsabilités des EPCI. Elle montre notamment que cet apprentissage est source d'incertitudes pour les acteurs intercommunaux, l'Etat étant plus souvent perçu comme un perturbateur qu'un facilitateur. Elle décrit également la fragilisation des services déconcentrés de l'Etat qui semble s'opérer dans le champ de l'habitat. La thèse s'intéresse ensuite à l'apprentissage des EPCI et notamment aux ressources dont les intercommunalités disposent pour élaborer et mettre en oeuvre leurs politiques locales de l'habitat, ainsi qu'aux moyens qu'elles mobilisent pour contourner le déficit coercitif de ces ressources (pédagogie, technicisation, contractualisation). Enfin, elle revient sur les avancées et les limites de ce double processus d'apprentissage. Elle montre que les notions de temps et de confiance sont au coeur des processus observés et propose des pistes de réflexionsIn France, since Act 1 of the transfer of power from the government to local authorities ("Décentralization") in the early 1980s, the State has gradually territorialized its housing policies. This slow process ultimately resulted in a complex network of public actions within the housing field, where the competencies of the different ruling bodies often overlap. Within this patchwork of responsabilities, metropolitan authorities ("Etablissement de coopération intercommunale- EPCI") have been appointed by lawmakers as the leading entity to implement the housing policy on a local scale. This research attempts to analyze the learning mechanisms at work in the design and the implementation oh housing policies on a local basis, in the context of uncertainty that characterizes public action in general, especially in the urban field. It draws on an empirical study of two local areas, accustomed to metropolitan cooperation, and experienced in dealing with housing issues on a local basis : greater Lyon and greater Dunkerque. This study first takles the role of the State in its understanding of the new responsabilities granted to the EPCI. It especially shows that this process can be a source of confusion for the local authorities, as the State can often be more destabilizing than hepful. It also shows the on-going weakening state of local government services. Then, the study deals with the learning mechanism of the EPCI, and notably the ressources available to design and implement their local housing policies, as well as their capabilities to by-pass the lack of coercition of these resources (education, technicization, contractualization). Lastly, it deals with the advantages and the limits of this dual learning process. Is shows that the issues of time and trust are essential, and makes suggestions for future research
10
Catenazzi, Andrea Claudia. "Redes técnicas metropolitanas y acción pública local. La territorialización de la gestión del agua en el área metropolitana de Buenos Aires durante la concesión de Aguas Argentinas. 1993 – 2006." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCA030.
Abstract:
La concession des services d'eau et assainissement gérée par l'entreprise privée Aguas Argentinas S. A. entre 1993 et 2006 a fait l’objet de nombreuses études et recherches qui ont mis l'accent sur la dynamique des privatisations menées en Argentine dans les années quatre-vingt-dix. Cependant, bien qu’il s'agisse d'une période de changements dans la gestion des services urbains, la concession a mis en lumière certaines constantes qui structurent la relation entre les réseaux métropolitains et l'action publique locale. Cette recherche est basée sur les interactions entre les réseaux techniques et les territoires. L’analyse met tout particulièrement l’accent sur les continuités et les ruptures des opérations du concessionnaire dans l'aire métropolitaine de Buenos Aires. L’objectif de cette thèse est de répondre à ce questionnement à travers une analyse comparée des scénarios d'interaction entre la gestion centralisée des réseaux et l'action publique locale dans trois communes en aval du bassin du fleuve Reconquista: General San Martín, San Fernando et Tigre. Ces études de cas mettent en évidence, dans des contextes hétérogènes, la versatilité d'Aguas Argentinas face aux capacités de l'action publique locale pour mettre en œuvre la concession avec un certain degré d'autonomie. Une lecture transversale de ces spécificités locales révèle également la construction de processus de regroupement d'intérêts communs entre les différentes communes. Ce double mouvement d'autonomie et d'association, permet de mieux éclairer les oscillations entre le public et le privé, le sectoriel et le territorial, ainsi qu’entre le local et le central qui se développent selon un processus de territorialisation croissante dans l'accès aux services des eaux et assainissementThe concession of water and sewerage, operated by the private company Aguas Argentinas between 1993 and 2006, was subject of numerous researches which emphasized the dynamics of privatization led in Argentina, in the nineties. However, although this was a turning point in the management of urban services, the concession revealed some constants that structured the relationship between metropolitan networks and local public action.This research examines the interactions between the technical networks and the territories. The analysis focuses on the continuities and ruptures of the operation of the concessionaire in the metropolitan area of Buenos Aires. In order to answer that enquiry, this thesis develops an analysis compared by the interaction scenarios between centralized network management and local public action in three municipalities -General San Martin, San Fernando and Tigre- that form part of the lower basin of the Reconquista River.These cases studies highlight the versatility of Aguas Argentinas, in very heterogeneous contexts against different capabilities from the local public action to implement the concession with some degree of autonomy. Also, a cross reading of these local variations reveals the construction of the strategies of aggregation of interests between municipalities. This double movement, of autonomy and association, allows to illuminate the oscillations between the public and the private, the sectorial and the territorial, the local and the central (national and global), which take place in a process of increasing territorialization of access to water services and sewerage
El ciclo de la concesión de los servicios de agua y desagüe cloacal, operada por la empresa privada Aguas Argentinas entre 1993 y 2006, fue objeto de numerosos estudios que la asociaron con la dinámica de las privatizaciones, propias de la década del noventa en Argentina. No obstante, si bien se trató de un momento de cambio en la gestión de los servicios urbanos, la concesión fue al mismo tiempo reveladora de algunas regularidades que estructuraban la relación entre las redes metropolitanas y la acción política local. Esta tesis se propone examinar las relaciones de mutua transformación que se establecen entre las redes técnicas y los territorios, centrando el análisis en las continuidades y rupturas que resultan de la formas de operar de la empresa concesionaria en el área metropolitana de Buenos Aires. Para dar cuenta de esa problemática, se efectúa un análisis comparado de los escenarios de interacción que se dirimen entre la gestión centralizada de las redes y la acción pública local en tres municipios -General San Martín, San Fernando y Tigre- que forman parte de la cuenca baja del río Reconquista. Los casos de estudio ponen en evidencia, en contextos heterogéneos, la versatilidad de la actuación de Aguas Argentinas frente a las capacidades de la acción pública local para implementar la concesión con cierto grado de autonomía. Una lectura transversal de esas variaciones locales revela asimismo, la construcción de procesos de agregación de intereses entre los municipios. Este doble movimiento, de autonomía y asociación, permite iluminar las oscilaciones entre lo público y lo privado, lo sectorial y lo territorial, lo local y lo central que se juegan en la creciente territorialización del acceso a los servicios de agua y desagüe cloacal
11
Debus, Lionel. "Du Grenelle des Mobilités au Réseau express métropolitain et européen (REME) : Strasbourg, récit d’une construction métropolitaine sur les rails, entre jeux d’acteurs et recompositions territoriales." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024STRAG001.
Abstract:
La métropolisation impose de réinterroger l’aménagement des territoires et le rôle des réseaux de transport dans celui-ci. Strasbourg et son Eurométropole ne sont pas épargnées. La hausse des pollutions liées à l’autosolisme dépasse les exigences légales. En parallèle, le système de transport public, conçu dans les années 1990, est victime frôle l’asphyxie. Cette recherche vise à saisir les reconfigurations territoriales et les jeux d’acteur à l’œuvre dans la fabrique métropolitaine strasbourgeoise. Elle interroge le rôle d’un service express régional métropolitain (SERM) dans les processus engagés dans la structuration de l’aire métropolitaine transfrontalière et entre acteurs. Elle s’articule autour du Réseau express métropolitain européen issu du Grenelle des Mobilités et intègre une série d’entretiens d’acteurs locaux impliqués dans la concertation. Entre arène politique, récit collectif et territoire projeté, le REME — porté collectivement par l’Eurométropole et la Région Grand Est — met en lumière l’émergence d’une interterritorialité autour du rail qui redéfinit les contours métropolitains strasbourgeoisMetropolisation is forcing us to rethink regional planning and the role of transportation networks. In Strasbourg and its Eurometropole, pollution levels linked to car use exceed legal requirements. At the same time, the public transport system, designed in the 1990s, is failing. This research aims to understand the territorial reconfigurations and the interplay of stakeholders emerging from Strasbourg's metropolitan fabric. It examines the role of a mass transit service (SERM) in the processes involved in structuring both stakeholders and the cross-border metropolis. It is structured around the European Metropolitan Express Network (REME) resulting from the Grenelle des Mobilités and includes interviews with local stakeholders involved in the consultation process. Somewhere between a political arena, a collective narrative and a projected territory, the REME - supported collectively by the Eurometropole and the Grand Est Region - highlights the emergence of an interterritorialité around rail that is redefining the contours of Strasbourg's metropolitan area
12
Goulardins, Guilherme Stefano. "Padrão de deslocamento ativo da região metropolitana de Campinas - SP /." Rio Claro, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/183698.
Abstract:
Orientador: Eduardo KokubunResumo: O deslocamento ativo traz muitos benefícios tanto individuais quanto ambientais, por exemplo, redução da mortalidade, redução da pressão arterial e redução da poluição. Apesar disso, vemos que no Brasil, utiliza-se pouco esse modo de transporte quando comparado a outros países. No caso de Recife, por exemplo, 16% de viagens de bicicleta, longe dos 48% de Amsterdam. O objetivo foi analisar o padrão do deslocamento ativo da Região Metropolitana de Campinas – SP e para tal feitio foram utilizados os dados da pesquisa “Origem-Destino 2003 e 2011 da Região Metropolitana de Campinas”. Foi realizado um estudo descritivo e analítico da frequência do deslocamento ativo, fatores associados para ser ciclista ou caminhante por meio da regressão de Poisson, e uma análise descritiva de tendência temporal sobre as características das viagens ativas da RMC. Para a realização dos mesmos, foi utilizado o software Stata 12.0 (StataCorp). A amostra contou com 36.892 pessoas residentes da RMC e 66.362 viagens. Sendo encontrado uma queda entre 2003 e 2011 nas frequências dos ciclistas (2,2% - 1,6%) e suas viagens (3,5% - 2,1%), e para os caminhantes (21,9% - 17,3%) e suas viagens (35,4% - 24%). Sobre as características individuais, para os ciclistas, obteve-se que a cada 1000 habitantes 25,1 são homens, 21,1 adultos jovens e 29,8 provenientes da classe E. Nos caminhantes, a cada 1000 habitantes, 184,4 são mulheres, 367,4 crianças/adolescentes, 413,4 estudantes e 207,9 da classe E. Para os fatores ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Active displacement has many individual and environmental benefits, for example, reduced mortality, reduced blood pressure and reduced pollution. Nevertheless, we see that in Brazil, this mean of transport is not so used when compared to other countries. In the case of Recife, for example, 16% of bicycle trips, far from the 48% of Amsterdam. The objective was to analyze the pattern of active displacement of the Region Metropolitan of Campinas - SP and for that purpose we used data from the research “Origin-Destination 2003 and 2011 of the Region Metropolitan of Campinas”. A descriptive and analytical study of the frequency of active displacement, associated factors to be cyclist or hiker by Poisson regression, and a descriptive analysis of temporal trend on the characteristics of active CMR travel were performed. To perform them, the software Stata 12.0 (StataCorp) was used. The sample included 36,892 residents of RMC and 66,362 trips. A decline between 2003 and 2011 in the frequencies of cyclists (2.2% - 1.6%) and their trips (3.5% - 2.1%), and for hikers (21.9% - 17, 3%) and their travels (35.4% - 24%). Regarding the individual characteristics, for cyclists, it was found that every 1000 inhabitants 25.1 are men, 21.1 young adults and 29.8 from E class. In hikers, each 1000 inhabitants, 184.4 are women, 367.4 children / adolescents, 413.4 students and 207.9 of E class. For the associated factors the discoveries were that lower economic class and male gender are associated wi... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre
13
Wahlgren, Lina. "Studies on bikeability in a metropolitan area using the active commuting route environment scale (ACRES)." Doctoral thesis, Örebro universitet, Hälsoakademin, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-17206.
Abstract:
Background: The Active Commuting Route Environment Scale (ACRES) was developed to study active commuters’ perceptions of their route environments. The overall aims were to assess the measuring properties of the ACRES and study active bicycle commuters’ perceptions of their commuting route environments. Methods: Advertisement- and street-recruited bicycle commuters from Greater Stockholm, Sweden, responded to the ACRES. Expected differences between inner urban and suburban route environments were used to assess criterion-related validity, together with ratings from an assembled expert panel as well as existing objective measures. Reliability was assessed as test-retest reproducibility. Comparisons of ratings between advertisement- and street-recruited participants were used for assessments of representativity. Ratings of inner urban and suburban route environments were used to evaluate commuting route environment profiles. Simultaneous multiple linear regression analyses were used to assess the relation between the outcome variable: whether the route environment hinders or stimulates bicycle-commuting and environmental predictors, such as levels of exhaust fumes, speeds of traffic and greenery, in inner urban areas. Results: The ACRES was characterized by considerable criterion-related validity and reasonable test-retest reproducibility. There was a good correspondence between the advertisement- and street-recruited participants’ ratings. Distinct differences in commuting route environment profiles between the inner urban and suburban areas were noted. Suburban route environments were rated as safer and more stimulating for bicycle-commuting. Beautiful, green and safe route environments seem to be, independently of each other, stimulating factors for bicycle-commuting in inner urban areas. On the other hand, high levels of exhaust fumes and traffic congestion, as well as low ‘directness’ of the route, seem to be hindering factors. Conclusions: The ACRES is useful for assessing bicyclists’ perceptions of their route environments. A number of environmental factors related to the route appear to be stimulating or hindering for bicycle commuting. The overall results demonstrate a complex research area at the beginning of exploration.BAKGRUND: Färdvägsmiljöer kan tänkas påverka människors fysiskt aktiva arbetspendling och därmed bidra till bättre folkhälsa. Studier av färdvägsmiljöer är därför önskvärda för att öka förståelsen kring möjliga samband mellan fysiskt aktiv arbetspendling och färdvägsmiljöer. En enkät, ”The Active Commuting Route Environment Scale” (ACRES), har därför skapats i syfte att studera fysiskt aktiva arbetspendlares upplevelser av sina färdvägsmiljöer. Huvudsyftet med denna avhandling var dels att studera enkätens psykometriska egenskaper i form av validitet och reliabilitet, dels att studera arbetspendlande cyklisters upplevelser av sina färdvägsmiljöer. METODER: Arbetspendlande cyklister från Stor-Stockholm rekryterades via tidningsannonsering och via direkt kontakt i anslutning till färdvägen. Deltagarna besvarade enkäten ACRES. Tillsammans med skattningar från en grupp av experter och redan existerande objektiva mått användes förväntade skillnader mellan färdvägsmiljöer i inner- och ytterstaden för att studera kriterierelaterad validitet. Reliabiliteten studerades som reproducerbarhet via upprepade mätningar (test-retest). Jämförelser mellan skattningar av deltagare rekryterade via annonsering och via direkt kontakt i färdvägsmiljöer användes för att studera representativitet. Skattningar av färdvägsmiljöer i inner- och ytterstaden användes vidare för att studera färdvägsmiljöprofiler. Multipel linjär regressionsanalys användes även för att studera sambandet mellan utfallsvariabeln huruvida färdvägsmiljön motverkar eller stimulerar arbetspendling med cykel och miljöprediktorer, såsom avgasnivåer, trafikens hastighet och grönska, i innerstadsmiljöer. RESULTAT: Enkäten ACRES visade god kriterierelaterad validitet och rimlig reproducerbarhet. Det var en god överrensstämmelse mellan skattningar av deltagare rekryterade via annonsering och via direkt kontakt. Färdvägsmiljöprofilerna visade tydliga skillnader mellan inner- och ytterstadsmiljöer. Ytterstadens färdvägsmiljöer skattades som tryggare och mer stimulerande för arbetspendling med cykel än innerstadens färdvägsmiljöer. Vidare verkar vackra, gröna och trygga färdvägsmiljöer, oberoende av varandra, vara stimulerade faktorer för arbetspendling med cykel i innerstadsmiljöer. Däremot verkar höga avgasnivåer, höga trängselnivåer och färdvägar som kräver många riktningsändringar vara motverkande faktorer. SLUTSATSER: Enkäten ACRES är ett användbart instrument vid mätningar av cyklisters upplevelser av sina färdvägsmiljöer. Ett antal faktorer relaterade till färdvägsmiljön verkar vara stimulerande respektive motverkande för arbetspendling med cykel. Generellt sett på visar resultaten ett relativt outforskat och komplext forskningsområde.
Faap-projektet "Fysiskt aktiv arbetspendling i Stor-Stockholm"
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Rocha, Alba Valéria Moraes Amaral. "Instituições, ação social e fraudes dos clientes na indústria da água: um estudo na região metropolitana de São Paulo à luz da economia institucional." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/12/12136/tde-17072018-164614/.
Abstract:
Na indústria da água, as fraudes cometidas pelos clientes para acessar a água sem pagar afetam a receita da empresa, contribuem para aumentar as perdas físicas e interferem na ordem econômica, causando danos à sociedade. Os custos de transação ex post envolvem inspeção in loco se houver suspeita de fraude e execução legal no caso de uma fraude ser confirmada. No entanto, os indivíduos podem reagir de forma diversa frente aos custos e benefícios relacionados ao cumprimento das normas contratuais e legais. Analisamos 115.695 fraudes constatadas pela concessionária entre janeiro de 2010 e junho de 2016 na Região Metropolitana de São Paulo. Os resultados indicaram que a fiscalização não apresentou influência importante sobre a quantidade de fraudes. Na categoria de uso residencial as áreas mais pobres e com baixo nível de instrução formal apresentaram as maiores quantidades de fraudes. Conclui-se que o fraudador típico nesta categoria está na fronteira do crime e assim sendo precisaria de um \"incentivo\" para escolher não cometer fraude. Nesse caso propomos dois caminhos inter-relacionados: impor um caráter mais educativo do que punitivo às inspeções e instituir um tipo de troca multilateral (Coase, 1960). Por outro lado, nas áreas com nível sócio econômico alto e muito alto apresentaram maior quantidade de fraudes na categoria de uso comercial relativamente às quantidades de fraudes constatadas na categoria de uso residencial. Esse resultado encontra respaldo em Becker (1968; 1974), cujo argumento incorpora o comportamento racional ilegal, e traz à cena o argumento de Hirschmann (1977), de que cabe à sociedade e às firmas tornar as estruturas políticas repressivas efetivas em adesão ao interesse civilizado. Devido às diferenças de governança dentro da empresa e no ambiente legal e social, a validade dos resultados é limitada à RMSP.In water industry, frauds committed by customers to access water without paying affect firm´s revenue, contribute to increase physical losses and interfere in the economic order causing harm to society. Ex post transaction costs involve inspection in loco if fraud is suspected and legal enforcement in case a fraud is confirmed. However, individuals may react differently to the costs and benefits of complying with contractual and legal standards. We analyzed the 115,695 frauds registered in management system of the concessionaire between january 2010 and june/2016 in the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo. The results indicated that the inspections did not have an important influence on frauds quantity. Frauds were much more numerous in residential category of use in poorest areas with low level of formal education. It is concluded that typical fraudster in this category is at the border of crime. Therefore, he needs an \'incentive\' to choose not commit fraud. In this case we propose two interrelated paths: to impose a more educational than punitive character on the inspections and to institute a type of multilateral exchange (Coase, 1960). On the other hand, in commercial category of use frauds were much more numerous in areas with high and very high socioeconomic level. This result is supported by Becker (1968; 1974), whose argument incorporates the illegal rational behavior and brings to the scene Hirschmann´s argument (1977), that it is up to society and firms to make effective repressive political structures in adherence to civilized self-interest. Due to differences in governance within the firm and in legal and social environment, the validity of the results is limited to the MRSP.
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Parenza, Cidriana Teresa. "Mobilidade ocupacional e qualificação : um estudo com trabalhadores da região metropolitana de porto alegre." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/49407.
Abstract:
Este estudo tem como objetivo geral analisar a relação entre mobilidade ocupacional e qualificação dos trabalhadores, atentando para a implicação da mobilidade para a valorização ou para a desvalorização da qualificação. A mobilidade foi tratada como exercício de diferentes ocupações. A qualificação foi definida como articulação entre os saberes e a classificação social atribuída às ocupações, aos saberes e aos trabalhadores. Compreende-se que a mobilidade, ao traduzir alterações nos saberes e na classificação social conferidos às ocupações desempenhadas, elementos que também compõem a qualificação do trabalhador, pode representar valorização ou desvalorização da sua qualificação. O estudo contou com informações de 28.033 trabalhadores cadastrados, em 2009, no Sistema de Gestão das Ações de Emprego. Trata-se de trabalhadores com 30 ou mais anos de idade, residentes na Região Metropolitana de Porto Alegre e com registro de experiência de trabalho. Além disso, entrevistou-se 14 destes trabalhadores, aprofundando as informações sobre mobilidade e qualificação. Articulando a abordagem da qualificação como construção social àquela da análise ocupacional, a mobilidade e a qualificação dos trabalhadores foram identificadas e analisadas. Evidenciamos o predomínio da baixa mobilidade ocupacional entre os trabalhadores considerados neste estudo. A mobilidade ocupacional, para esses trabalhadores, concentrou-se principalmente em ocupações com menores exigências de escolaridade, de formação técnica e de experiência na atividade laboral e com baixas remunerações. Nesse sentido, ela não implicou ganhos em termos de valorização da qualificação dos trabalhadores. Além disso, a maior parte dos trabalhadores exerceu ocupações próximas. Entre os entrevistados verificamos que a proximidade das ocupações permitiu o aproveitamento dos saberes e a permanência no mercado de trabalho, porém, não implicou uma maior valorização da sua qualificação. A distância das ocupações foi associada por eles à hierarquização e à desvalorização de algumas ocupações frente a outras. Para os entrevistados com exercício de ocupações que se distanciam, verificamos o exercício de ocupações de maior valorização, entretanto, foi uma valorização momentânea. A mobilidade foi associada pelos entrevistados à aprendizagem e à não-especialização e apontou a busca por posições superiores nos processos e no mercado de trabalho e na sociedade.This study has as overall objective to analyse the relation between occupational mobility and skills of workers, giving special attention to mobility implication to valorisation or devalorisation of the skills. The mobility was treated as the exercise of different occupations. Qualification was defined as articulation between knowledgment and the social classification given to ocuppation, knowledgments and workers. It is understood that mobility, when it means the changes in knowledgments and in the social classification to the work done, elements which also are part the workers, can represent the valorisation or devalorisation of his/her skills. The study used information from 28.033 filed workers in 2009 in the System Management Actions Employment. It was workers from 30 years old, who were living in Porto Alegre Metropolitan Area and had a registered work experience. In addition, 14 from that total amount of workers were respondents, making the information on mobility and skills even further. By articulating the approach of skills as a social construction to that occupational analyses, workers’ both mobility and skills were identified and analysed. Evidenced the predominance of a low occupational mobility among the workers considered in this study. The occupational mobility to those workers were concrentated mainly in the occupations with lower educational requirements, with technical training, and with labor activity experience and low remuneration. In this sense, it did not imply in gains when comes to valorisation of workers’ skills. Besides, most workers exerted near occupations. Among the respondents, it was verified that the proximity of the occupations permitted the use of knowledge and stay on the labor market, however, did not imply in a greater valorisation of their skills. The distancies of the occupations was associated by them to hierarchy and the devaluation of some occupations compared to other. To the respondents whose occupations were drifted apart, it was verified the exert of higher valorisation occupation, nevertheless, it was a momentaneous valorisation. The mobility was associated by the respondents to learning and non-specialized, and pointed to the search for top positions in the processes, in labor Market and in the society.
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Delage, Aurelie. "La gare, assurance métropolitaine de la ville post-industrielle. : Le retournement de valeur dans les projets urbains de quartiers de gare, à Saint-Étienne Châteaucreux et Liège Guillemins (Belgique)." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO20016.
Abstract:
Construction socio-spatiale héritée du XIXe siècle ayant connu un déclin dans la seconde moitié du XXe siècle, les quartiers de gare centrale dans les villes occidentales sont un support récent et privilégié de l’action collective urbaine. Les projets urbains que ces gares cristallisent présentent des programmations récurrentes reposant sur la mixité fonctionnelle et une orientation tertiaire affirmée. Cette thèse interroge le retournement de valeur symbolique et économique de ces espaces autrefois dévalorisés et aujourd’hui prisés. Quelles sont les modalités de la fabrique urbaine, comment se noue l’interaction nécessaire entre des acteurs publics ne pouvant intervenir seuls sur ces secteurs fortement contraints (notamment techniquement), et des acteurs privés parfois réticents à s’engager sur des marchés qu’ils jugent risqués ? En adoptant une approche inductive et qualitative, ce travail de recherche analyse la conception et la mise en œuvre de deux projets urbains aux avancements contrastés en raison de leviers d’action ou, au contraire, de points de blocages différents, dans deux anciennes villes minières devant négocier le tournant de la désindustrialisation (Saint-Étienne et Liège). Au terme de l’analyse, l’hypothèse d’une valeur assurantielle de la gare dans ces projets urbains est validée : en tant que ferment métropolitain vecteur de fortes potentialités, la gare centrale desservie par un train à grande vitesse est la condition de possibilité permettant d’enclencher non seulement la décision des acteurs publics mais aussi celle des acteurs privés, au premier rang desquels les promoteurs immobiliers, acteurs clés à l’interface entre l’action publique et l’investissement privéThe railway station areas of the 19th Century were a reflection of the Industrial revolution. Following a period of decay after the Second World War, the urban renewal of these areas is now one of the main concerns of local governments in European cities. In addition to a new railway station served by high speed trains, these urban projects are often based on functional diversity, including a business district.This thesis addresses the reversal of urban value in these specific urban areas, exploring how they have moved from repelling to attractive places. How do public and private actors interact, when the former cannot act alone in places constrained by physical barriers due to a lack of funding, and the latter are not inclined to invest in what they consider to be risky places?Our approach is both inductive and qualitative. The comparison of two projects in French and Belgian shrinking cities (Saint-Etienne, near Lyons, and Liège, near Brussels) allows us to understand what the levers for action are, and conversely what the bottlenecks are that slow down the implementation of the urban project around the station.As the result of our analysis, the railway station appears to be a positive and necessary factor for the reversal of urban value in these areas. It is a kind of insurance – in the same way as metropolitan areas create potentiality in the productive economy – both for public actors, as the railway station facilitates their mobilisation, and private ones, especially property developers, who are key elements in the relationship between public action and private investment
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Rooth, Arosemena Alexia. "La relación entre las acciones de marketing digital y la intención de compra de carteras de lujo en mujeres de 28 a 39 años del NSE A y B+ en Lima Metropolitana." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/652685.
Abstract:
El objetivo del presente estudio busca determinar la relación entre las acciones de marketing digital y la intención de compra de carteras de lujo en mujeres de 28 a 39 años del NSE A y B+ en Lima. Dicho tema es de importancia para el marketing de esta industria y el mercado peruano, pues el interés por la moda y las tendencias está incrementándose y el acceso a ello esta creciendo cada vez más de manera virtual.
Las acciones de marketing digital se midieron por medio de las siguientes dimensiones: la presencia en redes sociales implementadas por las marcas de carteras de lujo, el acceso al contenido digital por parte de las mismas y el contacto y seguimiento de influencers reconocidas dentro del ámbito de moda. El estudio demostró que existe una relación positiva entre la presencia en medio sociales y el acceso al contenido digital con la intención de compra de esta categoría de productos. El resultado respecto al seguimiento de influencers fue mixto.
Asimismo, se ha demostrado que la implementación de dichas acciones permite a estas marcas obtener mejor exposición y relación con las clientas. Debido a ello, el contenido –calidad, distribución e información adecuada- es muy importante para consolidar la imagen de marca y el estilo de vida que estas buscan proyectar y que las consumidoras, a su vez, buscan reflejar por medio de la compra.
Además, es importante resaltar la transversalidad del mercado peruano en cuanto al segmento de carteras de lujo; existen distintos tipos de consumidoras -en función del poder adquisitivo- que buscan comprar carteras de lujo y, por ello, es preferible plantear un enfoque aspiracional en la comunicación y las acciones de marketing de las marcas.The objective of this study seeks to determine the relationship between digital marketing actions and the intention to purchase luxury handbags in women between 28 and 39 years of age from the NSE A and B + in Lima. This topic is of importance for the marketing of this industry and the Peruvian market, since interest in fashion and trends are increasing and the access to this information is growing more and more virtually every time. Digital marketing actions were measured through the following dimensions: the presence in social media implemented by luxury handbag brands, access to digital content by them and the contact and monitoring of recognized influencers within the scope of fashion. The study showed that there is a positive relationship between the presence in social media and access to digital content with the intention of purchasing this category of products. The result regarding the following of influencers was mixed. Likewise, it has been shown that the implementation of these actions allows these brands to obtain better exposure and relationship with clients. Due to this, the content –quality, distribution and adequate information- is very important to consolidate the brand image and the lifestyle that they seek to project and that the consumers, in turn, seek to reflect through the purchase. In addition, it is important to highlight the transversality of the Peruvian market in terms of the luxury handbags segment; There are different types of consumers - depending on purchasing power - who seek to buy luxury portfolios and, therefore, it is preferable to propose an aspirational approach to communication and marketing actions for brands.
Trabajo de investigación
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ALCOBAÇA, Luzinele Everton de. "A Moradia como "Causa": uma análise do processo de afirmação de uma associação habitacional e de seus empreendedores políticos na região metropolitana de São Luís/MA." Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2017. https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/tede/1951.
Abstract:
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This study is related to the discussions about Militant Engagement and particularly deals with the affirmation process of a housing association and its political entrepreneurs in the São Luís metropolitan region. The emergence of this collective agent in 2003 was the local reflection of the change that occurred in the relationship between social movements and the government noticed in the period of redemocratization in Brazil. From this, we observed a relative degree of inclusion of popular sectors in political and administrative institutions. In the Luís Inácio Lula da Silva and Dilma Rousseff governments, the experiences so-called "participatory” have multiplied and become institutionalized. In this manner, social movement organizations activated the "right to the city," "urban reform," and "self-management" symbols have gained ground in planning and implementing housing estates for the grassroots in different parts of the country. In this context, the research attempted to comprehend how the State Association for Support of Popular Housing became representative of the "housing cause" in Maranhão and to trace its specificities, the delineations that such collective agent gave to the issue housing locally, realizing in the process the political role of representation and mediation of this mediator and his individual spokespersons. Thus, this research on a social organization and the militant engagement of its representatives was problematized from the perspective of historical sociology and militant engagement sociology, highlighting the social properties of those who engage, their accumulated attributes, resources detained, individual predispositions to militancy and, on a more general level, to the opportunity spheres and constraining under which this occurs. Considering the genetic, relational and sociographic perspective, the results were obtained through archival research, documentary, participant observation and interviews made with both the organization militants and some activists who graduated from this "problematic" in Maranhão in the first semester 2016.
Este estudo faz parte das discussões acerca do Engajamento Militante e trata, especificamente, do processo de afirmação de uma associação habitacional e de seus empreendedores políticos na região metropolitana de São Luís/MA. A emergência desse agente coletivo em 2003 foi o reflexo local da mudança ocorrida na relação entre movimentos sociais e Estado observada no período de redemocratização do Brasil. Observou-se a partir daí relativo grau de inclusão de setores populares nas instituições político administrativas. Nos governos de Luís Inácio Lula da Silva e Dilma Rousseff as experiências ditas “participativas” se multiplicaram e se institucionalizaram. Aí organizações de movimentos sociais acionando os símbolos “direito à cidade”, “reforma urbana” e “autogestão” ganharam espaço no planejamento e implementação de conjuntos habitacionais para as camadas populares em várias partes do país. Nesse contexto, a pesquisa tentou compreender como a Associação Estadual de Apoio à Moradia Popular se tornou representante da “causa habitacional” no Maranhão e localizar suas especificidades, os delineamentos que tal agente coletivo deu à questão habitacional localmente, percebendo no processo o papel político de representação e mediação desse agente e de seus porta-vozes individuais. Assim, esta pesquisa sobre uma organização social e o engajamento militante de seus representantes foi problematizada na perspectiva da sociologia histórica e sociologia do engajamento militante, dando relevo às propriedades sociais daqueles que se engajam, seus atributos acumulados, recursos detidos, predisposições individuais para a militância e, no plano mais geral, às esferas de oportunidades e constrangimentos sob as quais isso ocorre. Considerando a perspectiva genética, relacional e sociográfica, os resultados foram obtidos por meio de pesquisa arquivística, documental, observação participante e por meio de realização de entrevistas tanto com os militantes da entidade quanto com alguns ativistas egressos dessa “problemática” no Maranhão no primeiro semestre de 2016
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Costa, Cristina Sabbo da. "Agente aprende em prosa sobre febre maculosa: uma experiência da região metropolitana de São Paulo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/6/6132/tde-01112018-110300/.
Abstract:
A Febre Maculosa Brasileira (FMB) é uma doença aguda, transmitida por carrapatos, com curso variável, que pode ocorrer com formas leves e atípicas, até formas graves, com alta taxa de letalidade. A dificuldade no diagnóstico oportuno por deficiência no envolvimento dos profissionais de saúde e ausência de esclarecimentos da população, em áreas de transmissão, é uma das causas desta alta letalidade. Este estudo foi desenvolvido em uma Unidade Básica de Saúde (UBS) situada em área de relevância epidemiológica para FMB, com incidências recorrentes de casos e óbitos no município de São Bernardo do Campo na Região Metropolitana de São Paulo. O objetivo principal do estudo foi implantar e analisar uma proposta de intervenção educativa participativa em saúde e ambiente envolvendo a equipe de agentes comunitários de saúde com a temática de vigilância da FMB em uma área de transmissão visando a produção de novos saberes para o enfrentamento da doença na região. O método de pesquisa qualitativa utilizado seguiu a linha da pesquisa participante, a pesquisa-ação, com uso de instrumentos como entrevistas, rodas de conversa, oficinas de planejamento, mapas falantes, painéis, fotos, filmagens e observação participante. O processo saúde doença da FMB na região serviu de tema norteador além de outros como educação em saúde e ambiente, e o planejamento educativo. O processo de aprendizagem vivenciado pelos profissionais de saúde foi avaliado positivamente, demonstrando que houve sensibilização, diálogo, reflexão e decisão conjunta nos vários momentos proporcionados pelas oficinas pedagógicas. As atividades realizadas promoveram oportunidades para os agentes conduzirem e organizarem suas próprias tarefas e os momentos de planejamento das ações foram relevantes, e inovadores; além de outras demonstrações de envolvimento como a recomendação de ampliação para outros temas e para outras localidades, evidenciando satisfação e acolhimento da proposta, embora também aponte para a preocupação com a temática na região e a necessidade em ampliar as discussões. A pesquisa participante mostrou-se extremamente adequada para a interação do grupo estimulando o interesse por buscar soluções aos problemas levantados gerando nos profissionais um sentimento de empoderamento. Estes resultados indicam que estas metodologias podem ser incorporadas aos programas de vigilância de outras doenças com o objetivo de melhorar o envolvimento dos agentes comunitários de saúde nos planos de ações educativas nas localidades onde atuam.Brazilian Spotted Fever (BSF) is an acute disease, transmitted by ticks, with a variable course, which can occur with mild and atypical forms, to severe forms, with a high lethality rate. The difficulty in the opportune diagnosis due to the deficiency in involvement of health professionals and the lack of clarification of the population in transmission areas is one of the causes of this high lethality. This study was developed in a Basic Health Unit located in an area of epidemiological relevance for FMB, with recurrent incidence of cases and deaths in the municipality of São Bernardo do Campo in the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo. The main objective of the study was to establish and analyze a proposal for participatory educational intervention in health and environment involving the team of community health professionals with the theme of FMB surveillance in a transmission area aiming at the production of new knowledge for coping with the disease in the region. The qualitative research method used was participatory research or action research, with use of planning workshops, wheels of conversation, interviews, talking maps, panels, photos, filming and participant observation. The disease health process of the BSF in the region served as a guiding theme besides others such as education in health and environment, and educational planning. The learning process experienced by health professionals was evaluated positively, demonstrating that there was awareness, dialogue, reflection and joint decision in the various moments provided by the pedagogical workshops. The activities carried out provided opportunities for the agents to conduct and organize their own tasks and the moments of action planning were relevant and innovative; as well as other demonstrations of involvement such as the recommendation for extension to other themes and other locations, showing satisfaction and acceptance of the proposal, although it also points to the concern with the theme in the region and the need to broaden the discussions. The participant research method proved to be extremely suitable for the group\'s interaction, stimulating interest in seeking solutions to the problems raised, generating a feeling of empowerment for these professionals. These results indicate that these methodologies can be incorporated into surveillance programs for other diseases with the aim of improving the involvement of community health professionals in educational plans in the places where they operate.
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Nichele, Fernanda Severo. "Agroindústria familiar rural e a qualidade da produção artesanal na região metropolitana de Porto Alegre : o enfoque da teoria das convenções." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/36396.
Abstract:
A agroindústria familiar rural surge como uma alternativa na busca de novos nichos de mercados, utilizando-se da maior diversidade de produtos e da diferenciação dos produtos através da transformação dentro da propriedade. Sua implantação é considerada uma alternativa eficaz como política de Desenvolvimento Rural, mas com todos os esforços, existem muitas limitações neste setor, principalmente da legislação sanitária. O objetivo deste estudo é analisar a agroindústria familiar rural, como as regras são construídas dentro da comunidade e aceitas pelos próprios agricultores, quanto à realidade produtiva, às leis e às normas que qualificam a produção agroindustrial. A Teoria das Convenções baseia-se no reconhecimento mútuo e coletivo da qualidade ampla do produto, e foi utilizada para explicar como funcionam as interações entre produtores com relação às regras de produção ou “modos de fazer” no processo produtivo. Foram entrevistadas 14 agroindústrias na Região Metropolitana de Porto Alegre, nos municípios de Porto Alegre, Viamão, Gravataí e Glorinha. Este estudo caracterizou-se por uma pesquisa exploratória, cuja coleta de dados foi feita através de formulário semi-estruturado, diário de campo e dados secundários. Foi feita análise de conteúdo e análise quantitativa de dados. A construção dos mercados e das regras que os regem, mesmo com o cumprimento das normas legais, vem de dentro do processo e com a colaboração de todos os atores: produtores, consumidores e instituições apoiadoras do setor. A incorporação de novas práticas e de um consumidor mais informado e atuante trouxe uma realidade de maior interação, onde a construção do mercado é feita por todos os atores, e estes também utilizam do prévio conhecimento uns dos outros para atestar a qualidade dos produtos e de tudo que compõe o mercado, consolidando assim, uma rede de interações baseada também na confiança. Mesmo com garantias legais, como os selos e os alvarás da inspeção sanitária, a garantia baseada na confiança é a mais importante, aliada à efetiva qualidade dos produtos. A qualidade é construída e vista nas agroindústrias não só como um processo físico, mas também contando com aspectos sociais e culturais e considerando o esforço pessoal na confecção dos produtos, a dedicação, a tradição e os “modos de fazer” artesanal, que trazem o toque especial colonial. Utilizam-se das boas práticas na produção à medida que seu capital para investimento pode atender, prezando pela qualidade (apresentação e sanidade dos produtos), e compartilham essas premissas tanto com colegas de feira e associação, quanto com os consumidores. As convenções nas agroindústrias existem e são seguidas pelos produtores e supervisionadas por seus consumidores, onde todos contribuem e coletivamente as constroem, trocando informações, fiscalizando e sugestionando mudanças. Os produtores demonstram grandes esforços em prosperar e desenvolver, mas é necessário que exista apoio governamental e institucional para divulgação, qualificação e adequação da legislação para a agricultura familiar.The rural familiar agroindustry is an alternative in the search for new niche markets, using the greater diversity of existing products and product differentiation by transforming them inside the property. Its implementation is considered an effective alternative as policy fot Rural Development, but despite all efforts there are many limitations in this sector, especially in sanitary legislation. The aim of this study is to analyze rural familiar agroindustry, how these rules are built within the community and accepted by the farmers themselves, as the present production, laws and standards that qualify the agroindustrial production and The Theory of the Convention is based on mutual recognition and collective of wide quality of the product, and was used to explain how interactions are worked among producers regarding production rules or “ways to make” the production process. 14 agroindustries in the Metropolitan Area oh Porto Alegre, in the municipalities of Porto Alegre, Viamão, Gravataí e Glorinha were interviewed. This study was characterized by an exploratory research, whose sample collection data was made through a semi-structured field diary and secondary data. Content analysis and quantitative analysis of data were made. The construction of markets and the rules that govern them even with the compliance of the law comes from within the process and the collaboration of all agents: producers, consumers and supporting institutions of the sector. The incorporation of new practices and a more informed consumer and acting also brought reality for more interaction, where the construction market is made by all agents, and they use prior knowledge of each other to improve the quality of products and anything that makes up the market, thus consolidating a network of interactions also based on trust. Even with legal safeguards, such as labels and licenses from the sanitary inspection, the assurance based on trust is the most important, combined with the effective product quality. Quality is built on the agroindustries by looking not only at a physical process, but also relying on social and cultural aspects, considering personal efforts in making the products, dedication, tradition and artisanal “ways to make”, which bring the colonial touch. Utilizing the best practices in production that their capital investment can provide, emphasizing quality (presentation of products and sanity), and sharing these premises with colleagues from fair and association, as with consumers. The conventions in agroindustries already exist, and are followed by producers and supervised by its consumers, which all contribute and build collectively, exchanging information, monitoring and suggesting changes. Producers showed great effort in prospering and developing, but there must be government support and institutional basis for marketing, qualifying and adequacy of rules for family farmers.
21
Arévalo, Espinoza Jennifer. "Concepciones de juego y su relación con el aprendizaje de padres, madres y/o cuidadores de niños y niñas que asisten a jardines infantiles en la Región Metropolitana." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2016. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/145761.
Abstract:
PsicólogaEl juego es una actividad fundamental en el desarrollo infantil. Para poder atender este derecho del niño, es necesario que el adulto apoye, amplíe y enriquezca las oportunidades y tiempos de juego. El objetivo de este estudio es describir las concepciones de juego y su relación con el aprendizaje de padres, madres y/o cuidadores de niños que asisten a jardines infantiles de la Región Metropolitana. Participaron 317 cuidadores de 18 a 68 años de edad. Se utilizó la Encuesta de Percepciones Parentales de la Conducta de Juego de los Niños y el Uso del Juguete (EPPCJ) la cual evalúa la frecuencia, naturaleza lúdica y naturaleza educativa de un listado de 26 actividades infantiles cotidianas. Los resultados muestran que los padres conceptualizan de distinta manera juego y aprendizaje. Mientras el juego se concibe como una actividad libre dirigida por el niño, el aprendizaje se concibe como una actividad guiada principalmente por el adulto. Se discute en torno al rol del adulto en actividades de juego
22
Beré, Cláudia Maria. "Legislação urbanística: a norma e o fato nas áreas de proteção aos mananciais da região metropolitana de São Paulo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/16/16137/tde-27052010-150548/.
Abstract:
O intenso processo de urbanização da Região Metropolitana de São Paulo na segunda metade do século XX foi diretamente influenciado pela propriedade privada e pela legislação urbanística. Enquanto as classes dominantes logravam influir sobre a legislação e sobre o direcionamento dos investimentos estatais em infra-estrutura em seu favor, restou às classes dominadas ocupar áreas invadidas ou se instalar em loteamentos de periferia, muitos em áreas de proteção ambiental. A legislação de proteção aos mananciais, editada nos anos setenta, procurou ordenar a ocupação destas áreas, porém é justamente lá que tem ocorrido o maior crescimento da região. A falta de eficácia da norma e a necessidade de garantir o abastecimento de água tornaram necessária a revisão da legislação, objetivando a composição do conflito entre direito à moradia e direito ao meio ambiente, que não devem ser vistos como antagônicos, e sim como conciliáveis. É necessária a implantação de políticas públicas de regularização fundiária sustentável, capazes de garantir a segurança da posse sem provocar danos ambientais. Incumbe à União, Estados e Municípios adotar medidas para possibilitar a regularização fundiária. A regularização administrativa de loteamentos pode ser promovida pelo Município, ainda que com prejuízo a seus padrões urbanísticos. O usucapião especial urbano, individual ou coletivo, permite a regularização fundiária de ocupações em áreas particulares. Nas áreas públicas, a regularização poderá se dar através da concessão especial de uso para fins de moradia, que também poderá ser individual ou coletiva. Caso seja necessária a remoção da população, deverá ser assegurado o exercício do direito à moradia em outro local. Poderá, ainda, ser celebrado termo de ajustamento de conduta perante o Ministério Público, atribuindo-se obrigações a todos os envolvidos na implantação do loteamento, com previsão de penalidade para o caso de descumprimento. A presente dissertação analisa essas questões por meio do estudo de casos inquéritos civis, ações civis públicas e julgados de quatro municípios da Região Metropolitana de São Paulo. O estudo de casos demonstra que houve muitas falhas do poder público no processo pelo qual a implantação das ocupações nas áreas de proteção aos mananciais ocorreu, contudo, mostra também que, quando todos os responsáveis se interessam, é possível encontrar soluções criativas e viáveis para os problemas.The intense process of urban development in the Metropolitan Area of São Paulo on the second half of the XX Century was directly influenced by private property and urban law. While the upper classes succeeded in influencing urban law and the direction of state investments in infra-structure in their favour, the lower classes had to occupy public and private land or suburban subdivisions, most of which in areas of environmental protection. Watersprings protection laws, issued in the seventies, aimed at organizing the occupation of these areas, however it is exactly there that the area has grown most. The lack of efficacy of the law and the need to ensure the water supply created the need to review the laws, targeting conflict resolution between housing rights and the right to environment, which should not be seen as antagonistic, since they can be conciliated. It is necessary to promote sustainable land tenure regularization programmes, able to ensure the security of land tenure without environmental damages. The Union, the States and the Municipalities must adopt measures to attain this goal. The administrative regularization of subdivisions may be promoted by Municipalities, though with losses to its urban patterns. The special urban usucapiao (adverse possession), individual or collective allows the regularization of private areas. In public areas, regularization may occur through the concession of the real right of use, which can also be individual or collective. If the removal of the occupiers is necessary, housing rights should be ensured somewhere else. It is also possible to celebrate a conduct adjustment agreement with the Prosecution, in which obligations will be granted to all parties related to the subdivision, including sanctions fines in the case of noncompliance. The current dissertation analyses these matters through the case study of investigations, law suit and judicial decisions from four cities in the Metropolitan Area of Sao Paulo. The case study shows that authorities made many mistakes during the process of occupation of the watersprings protection areas, however it also shows that, when all parties are involved, creative and viable solutions for the problems can be found.
23
Riemann, Deborah. "THE IMPACT OF PLANS, POLICIES AND PRACTICES OF METROPOLITAN PLANNING ORGANIZATIONS ON THE DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF STREETS FOR ALL USERS." Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1368225055.
24
Diaz, Calderon Alvaro Emilio, and Ventocilla Brigitte Carolina Meniz. "Evaluación estructural de reservorios apoyados de concreto armado en Lima Metropolitana considerando la norma ACI 350-06 y las normativas peruanas." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/626005.
Abstract:
En la presente tesis se ha desarrollado la evaluación estructural de cinco reservorios circulares del tipo apoyado, construidos entre los años 1977 y 1997, ubicados en zonas de alto riesgo sísmico en Lima Metropolitana y ubicados en suelos medianamente rígidos, con el objetivo de evidenciar si estas estructuras continúan conservando un diseño sísmico adecuado en base a los requerimientos sísmicos actuales, y por ende si serán capaces de resistir un evento sísmico severo y continuar con el servicio.
Para poder modelar y determinar la respuesta de los se reservorios se empleó el modelo equivalente de Housner, obteniendo así la masa impulsiva y convectiva, modelado en el programa SAP2000 con ayuda de las normas ACI 350.3-06 y E.030. En cuanto a la determinación de las fuerzas resistentes, para poder realizar la evaluación estructural correspondiente, se utilizó la norma peruana E.060-2009 Concreto Armado, con la cual se obtuvo dichas fuerzas y se realizaron las verificaciones estructurales.
Con respecto a los resultados de las verificaciones realizadas, se observó que los reservorios en estudio no mantienen un diseño estructural adecuado en cuanto a las solicitaciones sísmicas actuales. Estas deficiencias se plasman en déficit de refuerzo horizontal por corte en muros, cuantía mínima vertical por corte en muros, refuerzo en la base del muro por momento tangencial, armadura requerida en la viga collarín, y refuerzo en el extremo de la cúpula por tracción radial; por lo que estas estructuras, ante la presencia de un evento sísmico severo, se encuentran expuestas a presentar fallas estructurales.In the present thesis has been carried out the structural assessment of five round ground concrete tanks, built between 1977 and 1997, and located in high seismic risk areas in Lima Metropolitana in moderately rigid soils, with the objective of demonstrating if these structures still preserve an adequate structural design base on the current standards and consequently, if they will be able to withstand a severe seismic event and, hence, continue with their service. In order to model and determine the response of the tanks, the Housner’s rigid equivalent model was used, obtaining this way the impulsive and convective masses, which were modeled in the software SAP2000 with the ACI 350.3-06 standard and the E.030 Peruvian standard. Regarding on the determination of the resistant forces, in order to carry out the corresponding structural evaluation, the Peruvian standard “Concreto Armado E.060” was utilized. With regard to the results of the verifications carried out, it was observed that the reservoirs under study do not maintain an adequate structural design in terms of the current seismic solicitations. These deficiencies are reflected in horizontal reinforcement deficit by shear force on the walls, minimum amount of vertical rebar by shear on the walls, reinforcement in the base of the wall by tangential bending moment, rebar required in the beam by radial tensile force, and rebar in the end of the dome by radial traction; so these structures, in the presence of a severe seismic event, are exposed to structural failures.
Tesis
25
Cruz, Thales Speroni Pereira da. "Há outro trabalho na "outra economia"? : a relação dos trabalhadores com o trabalho na economia solidária." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/66297.
Abstract:
A realidade social perdeu sua unidade, sendo tarefa do ator construir a coerência da sua ação em um mundo que não possui centro. Este diagnóstico da modernidade, presente na sociologia da experiência, faz com que a análise volte-se para a compreensão do modo como os atores atuam em meio a esse social heterogêneo. Considerando a economia solidária um caso privilegiado desse processo, esta investigação teve como objetivo compreender a relação com o trabalho nessas práticas. Deste modo, procurou-se contribuir para o debate em torno da questão: há outro trabalho na “outra economia”? O modelo analítico desenvolvido, fundamentado na perspectiva de François Dubet, considerou que a relação com o trabalho na economia solidária é atravessada por três dimensões: a do projeto de economia solidaria (seus princípios e expectativas); a dos requerimentos de eficácia da atividade produtiva; e a da luta por autonomia (entendida como o anseio do ator em conformar uma relação com o trabalho permeada por identificação subjetiva e reconhecimento dos demais). A tese central defendida foi a de que a relação com o trabalho na economia solidária é caracterizada por uma dupla pluralidade, tanto das distintas dimensões e dos sentidos a elas vinculados, como das formas como os atores articulam tais significações para compor a sua relação com o trabalho. No intuito de testar essa tese, realizou-se um estudo empírico em três empreendimentos da região metropolitana de Porto Alegre, de diferentes segmentos econômicos (metalúrgico, reciclagem e confecção). Os procedimentos metodológicos desenvolvidos centraram-se em 34 entrevistas semidiretivas em profundidade, fundamentadas na articulação dos pressupostos metodológicos da entrevista compreensiva de Kaufmann e das bases da entrevista episódica de Flick. Os resultados do estudo empírico evidenciaram a capacidade interpeladora das três dimensões, ao mesmo tempo em que expressaram a não redutibilidade dos trabalhadores a nenhuma delas. Mesmo que os resultados desta dissertação não permitam afirmações contrastantes sobre a existência (ou não existência) de outro trabalho na “outra economia”, esta investigação oferece subsídios relevantes para o debate acerca dessa problemática. Por um lado, o estudo das diferentes dimensões da relação com o trabalho apontou para a presença de distintas barreiras para a realização do possível caráter alternativo do trabalho na economia solidária: 1) a variedade de obstáculos produtivos nos empreendimentos e a correlata necessidade de um esforço compensatório dos trabalhadores; 2) a incongruência entre o projeto de economia solidária e as vivências cotidianas dos trabalhadores; 3) e, por fim, a recorrência de concepções negativas de si, que restringem a luta por autonomia. Por outro lado, por meio da tipologia da relação com o trabalho na economia solidária, baseada nos diferentes modos de como os atores articulam os sentidos ligados às distintas dimensões, foi possível identificar a existência de seis tipos: o de conservação, o de filiação, o centrado no ofício, o pessoalizado, o gerencial e o engajado. A presença desses diferentes tipos de relação com o trabalho destaca a atividade de atores plurais em contextos, também eles, plurais, o que evidencia a inadequação de duas figuras redutoras: a que mitifica o trabalhador ao supor um vínculo integral com o projeto de economia solidária e a que o reduz à procura emergencial pela sobrevivência.Social reality has lost its unity. As a result, actors are now tasked with building coherence of action in a world that has no center. This diagnosis of modernity, present in the sociology of experience, places the focus of analysis on developing an understanding of how actors act in the midst of social heterogeneity. By focusing on the solidarity economy, a good example of the phenomenon mentioned, the research objective here was to understand the relationship between the labourer and his/her labour, within the solidarity economy. As such, the goal of this dissertation is to contribute to the debate surrounding the question: is there other labour in the "other economy"? The analytical model developed here, based on the perspective of François Dubet, argues that the relationship with labour in the solidarity economy possesses three dimensions: the project of solidarity economy (its principles and expectations), the requirements of the effectiveness of the productive activity, and the struggle for autonomy (understood as the actor’s desire to conform a relationship with the labour permeated by subjective identification and recognition of others). The central thesis defended is that the relationship with labour in the solidarity economy is characterized by a dual plurality; the three dimensions and the meanings related to them and the ways in which actors articulate these significations to compose their relationship with labour. In order to test this proposition, an empirical study was carried out on three enterprises in the metropolitan area of Porto Alegre, in different economic segments (metallurgy, recycling, and sewing). The methodological procedures developed in this project focused on 34 semi-directive, in-depth interviews, based on the articulation of the methodological suppositions of Kaufmann’s comprehensive interview and the foundations of Flick’s episodic interview. The results demonstrate not only the interpelative capacity of all three dimensions, but also that labourers within the solidarity economy are not reducible to any single dimension. Even if the results of this dissertation do not allow for contrasting statements concerning the existence (or non-existence) of other labour in the "other economy", this research does provide relevant contributions to the debate on the proposed problem. On one hand, the study of the various dimensions of the relationship with labour points out the presence of three unique barriers to the realization of the possible alternative character of labour in the solidarity economy. One, a variety of obstacles to production within the enterprise that the labourer must overcome through enhanced efforts. Two, the incongruity between the solidarity economy project and the worker’s everyday experiences. Lastly, three, the recurrence of negative conceptions of oneself, which restrict the struggle for autonomy. On the other hand, by means of a typology of the relationship with labour in the solidarity economy that is based on the different ways of how actors articulate the meanings attached to the three dimensions, it was possible to identify the existence of six types of relation with labour: conservation, affiliation, centering on the métier, focus on personal sociability, management, and engagement. The existence of these different types of relationship with labour point out the activity of plural actors in contexts, likewise, plural, which highlight the inadequacy of two reducing figures: the mythification of the worker to assume an integral bond with the solidarity economy project and the reduction of the actor to a struggle for survival.
26
Burga, Vela Santiago, and Urteaga Ana Luisa Zevallos. "Relación entre las actividades de marketing y el amor de marca en Facebook en los usuarios de 26 a 35 años de la zona 6 y 7 de Lima Metropolitana durante la pandemia del COVID-19." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/656959.
Abstract:
Este trabajo de investigación estuvo enfocado en el estudio de las acciones de marketing realizadas por marcas en la plataforma digital de Facebook en el Perú y, cómo estas fomentan, en un segmento específico, una preferencia emocional superpuesta ante marcas competidoras; cuya denominación técnica formal es conocida como “amor de marca”, la cual es considerada por muchos autores como el último eslabón del marketing.
La relación entre las actividades de marketing y el amor de marca en Facebook en los usuarios de 26 a 35 años de la zona 6 y 7 de Lima Metropolitana durante la pandemia del COVID-19 es el meollo de esta investigación.
Las empresas operan en una plataforma más competitiva entre marcas y sus estrategias demandan identificar qué tipo de acciones en redes sociales están orientadas a una mejor relación con el consumidor y que tengan la capacidad de generar una lealtad de marca pro positiva durante su ciclo de vida.
Se tomó como muestra consumidores familiarizados con los entornos sociales digitales para poder medir la eficacia de aquellos esfuerzos de marketing ejecutados por las marcas con la finalidad de obtener relaciones perdurables con los usuarios ante los hechos y generaciones surgentes basándonos en cinco dimensiones sociales.
La pandemia generada por el COVID-19 es un fenómeno natural excepcional que instó al mundo a una nueva evolución que utiliza la tecnología como principal soporte, sobre todo en los negocios.The relationship between marketing activities and brand love on Facebook in users aged 26 to 35 in zone 6 and 7 of Metropolitan Lima during the COVID-19 pandemic This research was focused on the study of marketing actions carried out by brands on Facebook virtual platform and how these promote, in a specific segment, an emotional preference superimposed on competing brands; whose formal technical name is known as "brand love", which is considered the last link in marketing. Companies operate on a more competitive platform between brands and their strategies demand to identify what type of actions in social networks are aimed at a better relationship with the consumer and that have the ability to generate pro-positive brand loyalty during their life cycle as consumer. Consumers familiar with digital social environments were taken as a sample in order to measure the effectiveness of those marketing efforts executed by brands in order to obtain lasting relationships with users in the face of current events and emerging generations based on five social dimensions. The pandemic generated by COVID-19 was considered an exceptional natural phenomenon that prompted the world to a human evolution that uses technology as its main support.
Tesis
27
Angulo, Sandoval Juan Pablo, and Oliveros Diego Alonso Hurtado. "La efectividad de los programas de beneficios de la categoría de supermercados en el nivel de recompra en jóvenes entre 20 y 30 años en Lima Metropolitana." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/653527.
Abstract:
Frente a un mercado cada vez más competitivo en donde la diferenciación en cuanto al valor percibido del bien o servicio es limitada, se consideró relevante evaluar cómo el programa de beneficios individual ayuda a los supermercados a posicionarse como la primera opción de compra y recompra. El programa de beneficios o programa de lealtad es un conjunto de acciones que generan un beneficio para el usuario con el propósito de cambiar de forma general el comportamiento deseado de los clientes y reunir los datos para acciones futuras, estas pueden ser descuentos, cupones, kilometraje y puntos de canje. A lo largo de nuestra investigación identificamos que existían dos tipos de programa de beneficios. El primero es el programa de coalición, el cual brinda una serie de beneficios de recompensa asociada a marcas de otros rubros. En segundo lugar, se tiene al programa de beneficios individual, el cual brinda una serie de beneficios de tipo recompensa asociados a los productos y servicios de la marca anfitrión. Para efecto de la investigación se eligió el rubro de supermercado debido a que es un modelo de negocio que brinda todo tipo de productos y no se ve afectado al margen de la situación coyuntural. Referente al tipo de programa, se consideró pertinente la aplicación del programa de beneficios individual, debido a que en nuestro país los supermercados solo aplican este tipo de programa acorde a sus objetivos de venta y posicionamiento.In the face of an increasingly competitive market where differentiation in terms of the perceived value of the good or service is limited, it was considered relevant to assess how the individual benefit program helps supermarkets position themselves as the first choice of purchase and repurchase. The benefit program or loyalty program is a set of actions that generate a benefit for the user for the purpose of generally changing the desired customer behavior and gathering the data for future actions, these can be discounts, coupons, mileage and redemption points. Throughout our research we identified that there were two types of benefit programs. The first is the coalition program, which provides a range of reward benefits associated with brands in other industries. The second is the individual benefit program, which provides a range of reward benefits associated with the host brand's products and services. For the purpose of the research, the supermarket category was chosen because it is a business model that offers all types of products and is not affected by the economic situation. Regarding the type of program, the application of the individual benefit program was considered relevant, since in our country supermarkets only apply this type of program according to their sales and positioning objectives.
Trabajo de investigación
28
Maoni, Yasin K. "Practice in selected metropolitan municipalities on mechanisms for greater oversight and separation of powers: a case of Cape Town, Johannesburg and Ekurhuleni metropolitan municipalities." Thesis, 2013. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_9378_1380711872.
29
Gounden, Sandra. "The process of learning among working class residents in the Merebank/Wentworth area during their struggle against the effects of pollution." Thesis, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/4605.
Abstract:
This is a case study of people living in the Merebank/Wentworth area which is highly polluted. This area is sandwiched between the engine refinery SAPREF,
Mondi paper mill, the Durban airport and other small industries. As such it is
exposed to a mixture of gases in the atmosphere which is detrimental to the
health of the residents.
The residents have discovered that they cannot rely on government and
authorities to bring relief to the situation and have thus made it a point to acquire
'really useful knowledge' in making industries accept accountability and "clean up
their act." The study has confirmed that community organisations played a
significant role in raising awareness of the pollution issue and mobilising people
in social action which has resulted in the industries being pressurised to improve
technology in refining crude oil.
The study aimed to explore the kinds of learning that took place when the
residents collectively participated in social action. Social interaction is a salient
feature of learning. The case study is 'heuristic' in nature in that the community
gives new meaning to their experience. A situated learning approach based on
social learning theory is proposed as a theoretical framework for the study. Data
for the inquiry into the participants group learning and social action consisted of
taped interviews, participant observation and analysis of documents.Thesis (M.Ed.)-University of Natal, Durban, 2002.
30
Liao, Wen-Lin, and 廖文琳. "The Research on Non-Legislative Action of Councilors in the Taipei Metropolitan Area：The Service Functions for Constituency." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/gx6crr.
31
Mashego, Thabo Rodney. "Evaluation of the level of community participation in the implementation of the Indigent Exit Strategy as a poverty alleviation measure in the City of Tshwane." Diss., 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/19611.
Abstract:
The aim of the study was to evaluate the level of community participation employed by the City of Tshwane in the implementation of the Indigent Exit Strategy (IES) as a poverty alleviation measure in Olievenhoutbosch. A total of twenty two respondents participated in the research. The first group was ten beneficiaries and the second was ten that was exited from the database. Lastly, two Social Workers coordinating the programme were interviewed as well.
The research findings reflect that the IES was not sufficiently rolled out as outlined in the policy and strategy. Capacity building and skills development, assistance to emerging entrepreneurships and other forms of economic development support did not reach out to the broader community as outlined in the IES.
The study recommends that: the Indigent Exit Strategy interventions should be made accessible to the registered indigent households so that they can clearly know what is expected of them.Development Studies
M. A. (Development Studies)
32
Moletsane, Mphacha Innocentia. "Evaluating human resource policy in managing absenteeism : a case of the City of Tshwane." Diss., 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/25385.
Abstract:
Absenteeism in the workplace is a longstanding challenge practised by employees for various reasons. It persists despite the numerous efforts undertaken to curb it. The City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality is concerned with excessive employee absenteeism. Present research evaluates the City of Tshwane’s human resources policy for managing absenteeism. Causes of absenteeism are critically examined, particular attention being paid to the different leave-types that impinge on service delivery within the City of Tshwane.
Within a qualitative research framework, personal semi-structured interviews were used to gather data from staff members of the Leave Capturing Office of the City of Tshwane. The targeted office is responsible for leave management, which includes capturing, recording and encashment of leave. In addition to the questionnaire, the leave management policy as well as sick-leave statistics were brought to bear on this study of absenteeism at the City of Tshwane.
Study findings highlighted factors such as job dissatisfaction, unpleasant working relations, favouritism, low wages, lack of resources, stress at the workplace alongside boredom with routine unchallenging tasks as significant causes of absenteeism. The study also found sick-leave to be the form of reported absence most misused by employees. In general, employees take two days sick leave, which is the maximum an employee can take without requiring a medical certificate. Recommendations include that management should invest in a total process that can control and mitigate absenteeism related risks that may adversely affect operations at the City of Tshwane.Public Administration
M. Admin. (Public Administration)
33
Kim, Dae Jin. "Three actors and three perspectives in property tax competition of Seoul Metropolitan Area economic motives and political actions /." 2008. http://etd.lib.fsu.edu/theses/available/etd-07142008-153717.
Abstract:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Florida State University, 2008.Advisor: Frances S. Berry, Florida State University, College of Sciences, Reubin O'D. Askew of Public Administration and Policy. Title and description from dissertation home page (viewed Sept. 26, 2008). Document formatted into pages; contains xiii, 167 pages. Includes bibliographical references.
34
Martins, António. "Análise e Avaliação de Riscos Convencionais e Riscos Emergentes. Profissioanis de Alta Tensão do Metropolitano de Lisboa." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/31320.
Abstract:
Este trabalho académico aborda o estudo da relação de dois tipos de riscos ocupacionais, os riscos ocupacionais e os riscos psicossociais. Com este trabalho procurámos determinar se os riscos psicossociais influenciavam os riscos ocupacionais a que os trabalhadores estão expostos e se dessa forma contribuíam para o aumento dos acidentes de trabalho, falhas humanas, atos inseguros, na execução das suas tarefas.
O contexto laboral permitiu que observássemos as tarefas que os profissionais executavam mas, devido à programação de trabalhos interna, parte das tarefas tiveram de ser estudadas tendo por base as instruções de trabalho, que servem de referência para a certificação de qualidade e ambiente. O horário de trabalho, o tempo de pausa, o horário de refeição, os turnos rotativos, o horário de piquete, todas estas informações foram fornecidas pela organização. A metodologia para a recolha de dados foi por observação direta, intensiva e por preenchimento de um questionário específico para a avaliação dos riscos psicossociais. Utilizámos dois métodos de avaliação matricial em que depois de fazermos a análise estatística dos dados podemos valorar o risco através da conjugação dos fatores de formação de risco.
Avaliados os riscos, verificámos que são necessárias medidas corretivas urgentes, tanto preventivas como de proteção, na execução da amostra de tarefas definidas no estudo. Através da análise estatística do absentismo e acidentes de trabalho, confirmámos a necessidade da avaliação de riscos tanto na execução das tarefas como em aspetos organizativos do trabalho.
Não conseguimos relacionar os riscos psicossociais com as falhas ativas, atos inseguros, mas estão diretamente relacionados com as condições latentes, fatores organizacionais que constituem uma barreira entre o perigo e o acidente.This academic work talks about the study of the relation of the relation between these two types of occupational risks, the occupational risks and the psychosocial risks. With this study, we sought to determine if psychosocial risks influenced the occupational hazards to which workers are exposed to and if this contributed to the increase in work accidents, human failures, unsafe acts, and the execution of their tasks. The work context allowed us to observe he tasks that the professionals performed, but due to the programming of the internal work, part of the tasks had to be studied based on the work instructions, which serve as a reference for quality and environmental certification. Work Schedule, break time, rotating shifts, picket hours, all this information was provided by the organization. The methodology for data collection was by direct observation, intensive and by filling a specific questionnaire for the evaluation of psychosocial risks. We used two matrix evaluation methods in which after performing the statiscal analysis of the data we can assess the risk through the combination of risk formation factors. After evaluating the risks, we verified that urgent corrective methods are necessary, both preventive and protective in the execution of the sample of tasks defined in the study. Through the statistical analysis of absenteeism and work accidents, we confirmed the need for risk assessment both in the execution of the tasks and in the organizational aspects of the work. We couldn´t relate psychosocial risks to active failures, unsafe acts, but are directly related to latent conditions, organizational factors that constitute a barrier between danger and accident.
35
Adefolalu, Adegoke Olusegun. "Self-efficacy and beliefs about medications: implications for antiretroviral therapy adherence." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/10571.
Abstract:
The earlier optimism generated by the efficacy of antiretroviral drugs in human immuno-deficiency virus (HIV) patients has been dissipated in the face of the enormous chal-lenge of maintaining a nearly perfect adherence indefinitely. This study set to determine the influence of HIV adherence self-efficacy and beliefs about medicines on antiretrovi-ral therapy adherence, with the aim of developing a framework for enhancing antiretrovi-ral therapy (ART) adherence through focused intervention on modifiable factors from study variables that are strongly associated with ART adherence.
A descriptive correlational design was used to assess the predictive relationships of HIV adherence Self-Efficacy, Beliefs about Medicines and ART adherence among 232 HIV-infected patients in a large public health facility in Pretoria. Participants' medication be-liefs were assessed using the Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire, HIV adherence self-efficacy was assessed with HIV adherence self-efficacy scale (HIV-ASES) and ART adherence was assessed using the AIDS Clinical Trial Group questionnaire. Pearson correlation analysis was used to assess bivariate associations among the variables, and multiple regression analysis was used to examine the relationships among the inde-pendent variables and ART adherence.
Mean adherence for the 232 participants was 95% (SD=13.2). Correlation analysis re-vealed positive bivariate associations between perceived general harm and overuse of medications, and ART adherence (p<0.05); between specific necessity and concerns about ARVs, and perceived general harm and overuse of medications (p<0.05); be-tween HIV adherence self efficacy and ART non-adherence (p<0.05). Multiple regres-sion analysis showed significance for perceived general harm and overuse of medica-tions on ART adherence (F(1;231)=11,583;p<0,001) with perceived general harmful ef-fects and overuse of medications explaining 4.8% of the variance. There was signifi-cance for HIV adherence self-efficacy on ART non-adherence (F(1;41)=4.440; p<0.041), with HIV-ASES explaining 9,8% of the variance. Based on the results, a framework for enhancing ART adherence was developed. Activities in the framework consist of baseline screening for adherence facilitators and barriers using the beliefs about medicine questionnaire and HIV ASES, this is followed by focused interventions on identified barriers of ART adherenceHealth Studies
D.Litt. et Phil. (Health Studies)
36
Masilo, Motshidisi Marleen. "Implementing inquiry-based learning to enhance Grade 11 students' problem-solving skills in Euclidean Geometry." Thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/24966.
Abstract:
Researchers conceptually recommend inquiry-based learning as a necessary means to alleviate the problems of learning but this study has embarked on practical implementation of inquiry-based facilitation and learning in Euclidean Geometry. Inquiry-based learning is student-centred. Therefore, the teaching or monitoring of inquiry-based learning in this study is referred to as inquiry-based facilitation. The null hypothesis discarded in this study explains that there is no difference between inquiry-based facilitation and traditional axiomatic approach in teaching Euclidean Geometry, that is, H0: μinquiry-based facilitation = μtraditional axiomatic approach. This study emphasises a pragmatist view that constructivism is fundamental to realism, that is, inductive inquiry supplements deductive inquiry in teaching and learning. Participants in this study comprise schools in Tshwane North district that served as experimental group and Tshwane West district schools classified as comparison group. The two districts are in the Gauteng Province of South Africa. The total number of students who participated is 166, that is, 97 students in the experimental group and 69 students in the comparison group. Convenient sampling applied and three experimental and three comparison group schools were sampled. Embedded mixed-method methodology was employed. Quantitative and qualitative methodologies are integrated in collecting data; analysis and interpretation of data. Inquiry-based-facilitation occurred in experimental group when the facilitator probed asking students to research, weigh evidence, explore, share discoveries, allow students to display authentic knowledge and skills and guiding students to apply knowledge and skills to solve problems for the classroom and for the world out of the classroom. In response to inquiry-based facilitation, students engaged in cooperative learning, exploration, self-centred and self-regulated learning in order to acquire knowledge and skills. In the comparison group, teaching progressed as usual. Quantitative data revealed that on average, participant that received intervention through inquiry-based facilitation acquired inquiry-based learning skills and improved (M= -7.773, SE= 0.7146) than those who did not receive intervention (M= -0.221, SE = 0.4429). This difference (-7.547), 95% CI (-8.08, 5.69), was significant at t (10.88), p = 0.0001, p<0.05 and represented a large effect size of 0.55. The large effect size emphasises that inquiry-based facilitation contributed significantly towards improvement in inquiry-based learning and that the framework contributed by this study can be considered as a framework of inquiry-based facilitation in Euclidean Geometry. This study has shown that the traditional axiomatic approach promotes rote learning; passive, deductive and algorithmic learning that obstructs application of knowledge in problem-solving. Therefore, this study asserts that the application of Inquiry-based facilitation to implement inquiry-based learning promotes deeper, authentic, non-algorithmic, self-regulated learning that enhances problem-solving skills in Euclidean Geometry.Mathematics Education
Ph. D. (Mathematics, Science and Technology Education)