Relevant bibliographies by topics / Methyl compounds

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Academic literature on the topic 'Methyl compounds'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 18 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Methyl compounds"

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Astiti, Ni Putu Adriani, and Yan Ramona. "GC-MS Analysis of Active and Applicable Compounds in Methanol Extract of Sweet Star Fruit (Averrhoa carambola L.) Leaves." HAYATI Journal of Biosciences 28, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4308/hjb.28.1.12.

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The leaves of star fruit plants (Averrhoa carambola) have been traditionally used to cure many diseases, such as hypertension and fever. Besides, the leaves of this plant have also widely been used as the main raw material in lawar (a Balinese traditional food) making. In this research, the methanol extract of this plant leaves was analyzed and identified for active compound contents. The main objective of this research was to investigate types of possible active and applicable compounds contained in such leaves, previously extracted/macerated in methanol solution. Analysis was conducted by applying GC-MS instrumentation using methanol solution. The results showed that 10 possible active and applicable compounds (Butane, 1,1-diethoxy-3 methyl-(CAS)1.1-DII, Dodecanoic acid, methyk ester(CAS) methyl, Dodecanoic acid, methyl ester (CAS) Ethyl Laun, Pentadecanoic acid ethyl ester, Hexadecanoic acid methyl ester (CAS) Methyl pa, OCTADECA 9.12 DIENOIC ACID METHYL, 9-Octadecenoic acid methyl ester (E)-(CAS), Octadecanoic acid methyl ester, and (E) 9-Octadecanoic acid ethyl ester) were identified in methanol extract of such leaves. Among those compounds, Butane, 1,1-diethoxy-3-methyl and Hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester was two most abundance constituents with percentage of peak areas of 35.67% and 26.93%, respectively.
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Baron, ML, LL Martin, ID Rae, PM Simmonds, and ML Woolcock. "Relaxation Processes in Aromatic Methyl Groups. II. Methyl-Methyl Nuclear Overhauser Enhancements." Australian Journal of Chemistry 43, no. 4 (1990): 741. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch9900741.

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A range of compounds with methyl groups disposed ortho and peri on heteroaromatic frameworks have been prepared, and T1 values and methyl-methyl Overhauser effects measured for them. Most of the n.O.e . Values were ≤6%, but two examples of methyls flanked by two others exhibited values of 9% (6-hydroxy-4,4,5,7-tetramethyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-benzopyran-2-one) and 15% (1,4,5,8,9-pentamethylcarbazole).
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Raja, R., M. Suresh, R. Raghunathan, and A. SubbiahPandi. "Crystal structures of methyl 3-(4-isopropylphenyl)-1-methyl-1,2,3,3a,4,9b-hexahydrothiochromeno[4,3-b]pyrrole-3a-carboxylate, methyl 1-methyl-3-(o-tolyl)-1,2,3,3a,4,9b-hexahydrothiochromeno[4,3-b]pyrrole-3a-carboxylate and methyl 1-methyl-3-(o-tolyl)-3,3a,4,9b-tetrahydro-1H-thiochromeno[4,3-c]isoxazole-3a-carboxylate." Acta Crystallographica Section E Crystallographic Communications 71, no. 6 (May 7, 2015): 574–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2056989015008063.

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In the title compounds, C23H27NO2S, (I), and C21H23NO2S, (II), the pyrrole rings have envelope conformations with the C atom substituted by the benzene ring as the flap. In the third title compound, C20H21NO3S, (III), the isoxazole ring has a twisted conformation on the C—C bond substituted by the benzene ring and the carboxylate group. In all three compounds, the thiopyran ring has a half-chair conformation. The mean plane of the pyrrole ring is inclined to the mean plane of the thiopyran ring by 57.07 (9), 58.98 (9) and 60.34 (12)° in (I), (II) and (III), respectively. The benzene rings are inclined to one another by 73.26 (10)° in (I), 65.781)° in (II) and 63.37 (13)° in (III). In the crystals of all three compounds, there are no classical hydrogen bonds present. Only in the crystal of compound (I) are molecules linked by a pair of C—H...π interactions, forming inversion dimers. The isopropyl group in compound (I) is disordered over two sets of sites and has a refined occupancy ratio of 0.586 (13):0.414 (13).
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Osarumwense, P. O., M. O. Edema, and C. O. Usifoh. "Synthesis And Anagesic activities of Quinazolin-4(3H)-One, 2-Methyl-4(3H)-Quinazolinone and 2–Phenyl-4(3H)-quinazolin-4(3H)–one." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 10, no. 4-s (August 15, 2020): 87–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v10i4-s.4209.

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Background: Objective: The current study is aimed at the synthesis of these quinazolinone derivatives quinazolin-4(3H)-One, 2-Methyl-4(3H)-quinazolinone and 2–Phenyl-4(3H)-quinazolin-4(3H)–one and evaluate them for their analgesic activity. Method: The condensation of 2-amino-methyl-4-methoxybenzoate with acetic anhydride yielded the cyclic compound 2-methyl-4, 5-disubstituted-1, 3-benzo-oxazine-4-one which further produce a novel 2,3-disubstituted quinazolin-4 ones via the reaction with hydrazine hydrate The quinazolinone derivatives quinazolin-4(3H)-One, 2-Methyl-4(3H)-quinazolinone and 2–Phenyl-4(3H)-quinazolin-4(3H)–one were evaluated pharmacologically for their in vivo analgesic activities by acetic acid induced writhing in mice. The compounds synthesized were unequivocally confirmed by means of Infrared, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H and 13C), Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrophotometer and Elemental analysis.The synthesized compounds were screened for their analgesic activity.Compounds 1,2 and 3 showed significant analgesic activity. Discussion: Compound 1 was characterized by the absence of methyl group and the presence of methyl group for compound 2. The test investigated compounds exhibited significant analgesic activity when compared with the control test sample. The compounds synthesized exhibited promising analgesic activities against . Conclusion: The compounds have high analgesic activity. Compound 3 has a higher activity compared to Compound 2 and compound 2 has a higher analgesic activity compared to compound 1. Compound 3 has a higher analgesic activity compared to the standard drugs Aspirin and Indomethacin. Keywords: quinazolin-4(3H)-One, 2-Methyl-4(3H)-quinazolinone and 2–Phenyl-4(3H)-quinazolin-4(3H)–one quinazolin-4(3H)-one, analgesic activity.
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Peter Osarodion Osarumwense, Mary Olire Edema, and Cyril Odianosen Usifoh. "Synthesis and antibacterial activities of quinazolin-4(3h)-one, 2-methyl-4(3h)-quinazolinone and 2–phenyl-4(3h)-quinazolinone." International Journal of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences Archive 1, no. 2 (April 30, 2021): 077–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/ijbpsa.2021.1.2.0027.

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Background: Quinazoline and quinazolinone scaffolds represent an important class of biologically active nitrogen heterocyclic compounds. Many marketed drugs are based on these moieties. A diverse range of molecules with quinazoline/quinazolinone moieties have been reported to exhibit broad spectrum of biological activities Objective: This study is aimed at the synthesis of these quinazolinone derivatives, quinazolin-4(3H)-One, 2-Methyl-4(3H)-quinazolinone and 2–Phenyl-4(3H)-quinazolin-4(3H)–one and evaluate them for their antibacterial activities. Method: The consolidation of 2-amino-methyl-4-methoxybenzoate with acetic anhydride produced the cyclic compound 2-methyl-4, 5-disubstituted-1, 3-benzo-oxazine-4-one which also produce a novel 2,3-disubstituted quinazolin-4 ones via the reaction with hydrazine hydrate. The quinazolinone derivatives quinazolin-4(3H)-One, 2-Methyl-4(3H)-quinazolinone and 2–Phenyl-4(3H)-quinazolin-4(3H)–one were evaluated pharmacologically for their in vivo analgesic activities by acetic acid induced writhing in mice. The compounds synthesized were assuredly validated by means of Infrared, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H and 13C), Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrophotometer and Elemental analysis. The synthesized compounds were tested for their antibacterial activity.Compounds 1,2 and 3 showed significant antibacterial activities. Discussion: Compound 1 was identified by the absence of methyl group and the presence of methyl group for compound 2. The test analysed compounds exhibited significant antibacterial activities. The compounds synthesized exhibited promising antibacterial activities against the tested organisms. Conclusion: The compounds have high antibacterial activities. Compound 2 has a higher activity compared to Compound 1 and 3. Compound 2 has a higher antibacterial against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia and Pseudomonas aeuriginosa
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Štajner, Dubravka, Vera Ćirin-Novta, and Aleksandra Pavlovića. "Scavenger Properties of Synthetic Naphthenic Methyl Esters." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 53, no. 9-10 (October 1, 1998): 871–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-1998-9-1015.

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To study the scavenger properties four naphthenic methyl esters were synthesized. The abilities of the compounds to act as radical scavengers were investigated in an experimental epinephrine/adrenochrome model using enzymic and non-enzymic systems. We found that our particular compounds exhibited radical scavenger activity and superoxide-dismutase activity inhibition. Investigated compounds also showed physiological activity. In the auxin test one compound induced elongation of the wheat coleoptile by 35%.
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Aggarwal, Navidha, and Sandeep Jain. "A Synthetic Approach, Characterization and Biological Evaluation of Novel 5-(Arylidene)-2-(5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-ylimino)thiazolidin-4-one Derivatives." Asian Journal of Chemistry 33, no. 7 (2021): 1530–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2021.23203.

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The extensive biological potential of thiazolidin-4-one and 1,3,4-thiadiazole moieties, the novel string of 5-(arylidene)-2-(5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-ylimino)thiazolidin-4-one has been synthesized and characterized. The synthesized derivatives were screened for antimicrobial potential using serial tube dilution method. The results showed that all the synthesized compounds have significant biological activity against the microorganisms being tested. The antimicrobial activity of the compounds TA2, TA3, TA4, TA9, TA10 and TA20 against the tested microbial strains was promising. Compound TA4 (2-((5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)imino)-5-(4-nitrobenzylidene)- thiazolidin-4-one) and TA2 (5-(4-chlorobenzylidene)-2-((5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)imino)thiazolidin-4-one) showed promising antimicrobial activity against microbial strains. Compound TA9 (5-(4-(benzyloxy)benzylidene)-2-((5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)imino)thiazolidin-4-one) was found to be the most effective towards B. subtilis. Compound TA10 (5-(3,4-dimethoxybenzylidene)-2-((5- methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)imino)thiazolidin-4-one) was discovered to be the most potent against the Gram-negative bacteria. Compounds TA3 (5-(4-bromobenzylidene)-2-((5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol- 2-yl)imino)thiazolidin-4-one) and TA20 (5-(2-bromobenzylidene)-2-((5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2- yl)imino)thiazolidin-4-one) were the most effective compounds against the fungal strain.
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Malo, Edi A., Verónica Gutiérrez-Escobar, Federico Castrejón-Ayala, and Julio C. Rojas. "The Aggregation Pheromone of Metamasius spinolae (Coleoptera: Dryophthoridae) Revisited: Less is More." Environmental Entomology 49, no. 4 (May 27, 2020): 803–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ee/nvaa054.

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Abstract The weevil Metamasius spinolae (Gyllenhal) is the most important insect pest of cultivated prickly pear in Mexico. A previous work reported that the pheromone of this weevil species was composed by three components. In this study, we reinvestigated the aggregation pheromone of M. spinolae using gas chromatography-electroantennography and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry to locate and identify new potential pheromonal compounds. The behavioral activity of identified compounds was evaluated in laboratory and field trials. Metamasius spinolae males released four compounds: 2-methyl-4-heptanone, 6-methyl-2-hepten-4-one, 2-methyl-4-octanone, and 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-4-heptanone. In the laboratory assays, depending on the concentration, the compounds were attractive, neutral, or repellent to M. spinolae. Field evaluation showed that traps baited with 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-4-heptanone singly or in most of the binary or tertiary blends where this compound was present captured a higher number of M. spinolae compared to live males and the other compounds identified. In conclusion, our results indicate that 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-4-heptanone is the main component of the aggregation pheromone of M. spinolae. We suggest that this compound should be used for developing a monitoring or a mass-trapping system for M. spinolae.
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Ajibade, Peter A., and Fartisincha P. Andrew. "4-(((4-Methoxyphenyl)amino)methyl)-N,N-dimethylaniline and 2-Methoxy-5-((phenylamino)methyl)phenol." Molbank 2021, no. 3 (August 31, 2021): M1274. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/m1274.

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Molecular structures of 4-(((4-methoxyphenyl)amino)methyl)-N,N-dimethylaniline and 2-methoxy-5-((phenylamino)methyl)phenol synthesized via Schiff bases reduction route are reported. The compounds consist of asymmetric units of C16H20N2O (1) and C14H15NO2 (2) in orthorhombic and monoclinic crystal systems, respectively. Compound 1 consist of intermolecular C11—H11···N2 hydrogen bonding with C11···N21 = 3.463(4) Å. The hydroxyl group in 2 is also involved in intermolecular O2—H2···O2 and O2—H2···O21 hydrogen bonding with O2···O11 = 2.8885(15) Å and O1···O21 = 2.9277(5) Å. The molecular structures of the compounds are stabilized by secondary intermolecular interactions of C1—H1B···O11 and C5—H···(C41, C51, C61, C71) for 1 and H···C, C—H···O and N—H···C for 2. The reported compounds are important starting material for the synthesis of many compounds such as azo dyes and dithiocarbamate.
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Luo, Xiaowei, Xuefeng Zhou, and Yonghong Liu. "Nitrogenous Compounds Produced by the Deep Sea Derived Fungus Leptosphaeria sp. SCSIO 41005." Natural Product Communications 13, no. 6 (June 2018): 1934578X1801300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x1801300606.

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Four nitrogenous compounds, including two new compounds methyl-4-((1-hydroxy-3-methylpentan-2-yl)amino)–3-methyl-4-oxobutanoate (1), 4-((1-acetoxy-3-methylpentan-2-yl)amino)–3-methyl-4-oxobutanoic acid (2), and two amino acid derivatives (3, 4), were isolated from the deep sea derived fungus Leptosphaeria sp. SCSIO 41005, together with a cyclohexanone derivative (5) as new natural compound and other three known compounds (6–8). Their structures were elucidated by means of comprehensive 1D, 2D NMR and HR-ESI-MS spectroscopic methods. All the compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxic and antiviral activities.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Methyl compounds"

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Gunawardena, Rohith. "Atmospheric methyl iodide." Full text open access at:, 1985. http://content.ohsu.edu/u?/etd,91.

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Overton, Barry M. "The metabolism of n-methyl compounds." Thesis, Aston University, 1987. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/12452/.

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The metabolism of compounds containing the N-methyl group is discussed with particular consideration being made to the possible role of the product of oxidative metabolism, the N-hydroxymethyl moiety, in the generation of potentially toxic, reactive electrophiles. Particular pathways which are considered are: (i), the production of formaldehyde; (ii), the generation of iminium ions or imines; and (iii), the formation of N-formyl compounds which might act as formylating agents. 4-Chloro-N-(hydroxymethyl)benzamide and 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-hydroxy-methyl-1-methylurea (the product of oxidative metabolism of 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea) are model carbinolamides which do not readily release formaldehyde. The electrophilic properties of these model carbinolamides were investigated: neither reacted with nucleophiles such as cyanide or glutathione under physiological conditions. In contrast, N-(acetoxymethyl)-4-chlorobenzamide yielded the cyanomethylamide with potassium cyanide and S-(4-chlorobenzamidomethyl)glutathione with glutathione. 4-Chloro-N-(hydroxymethyl)benzamide and 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea were not biotransformed to electrophilic moieties when incubated with mouse hepatic 9000 x g supernatant and Acetyl-CoA or PAPS-generating system. N-(Acetoxymethyl)-4-chlorobenzamide was non-mutagenic to Salmonella typhimurium in the short term bacterial assay; but toxicity to the bacteria was observed. 4-Chloro-N-(hydroxymethyl)benzamide and 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea showed no mutagenicity or toxicity in the mutagenicity assay including an Aroclor-induced rat hepatic 9000 x g supernatant. Addition of Acetyl-CoA or a PAPS-generating system did not produce a mutagenic response. 4-Chloro-N-formlbenzamide did not act as a formylating agent towards the weak nucleophile aniline. However, 4-chloro-N-formylbenzamide, N-formylbenzamide, 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-formyl-1-methylurea and 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-formylurea are all metabolised by mouse hepatic mirosomes and post-microsomal supernatant. The results demonstrate the potential for N-hydroxymethyl compounds to generate highly reactive species if these are substrates for conjugation with sulphate (or acetate). The model compounds employed here, apparently do not show any ability to be conjugated themselves, however, other N-hydroxymethyl compounds might be readily conjugated. The formation of N-formyl compounds does not appear to be toxicologically significant, as adjudged on limited experiments performed, but rather represent a detoxification pathway.
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Scott, Janet Lesley. "Inclusion compounds of cholic acid and methyl cholate." Thesis, University of Cape Town, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/25589.

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Simpson, Linda. "Trivalent group 13 metal complexes of N-substituted-3-hydroxy-2-methyl-4-pyridinones." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28885.

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The compounds tris(N-ռ-propyl-3-hydroxy-2-methyl-4-pyridinonato) aluminum(III), -gallium(III), and -indium(III) and tris(N-ռ-butyl-3-hydroxy-2-methyl-4-pyridinonato)aluminum(III), -gallium(III), and -indium(III) were synthesized. All six compounds were prepared via the metal template effect. They were characterized by IR, FAB-MS, ¹H NMR, ²⁷Al NMR, and elemental analysis. Three of the six complexes were studied by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. They formed trihydrates, unlike their N-methyl and N-ethyl analogues, which formed dodecahydrates. The ռ-butyl complex Al(C₁₀H₁₄N0₂)₃‧3H₂0 (1) and ռ-propyl complexes Al(C₉H₁₂N0₂)₃‧3H₂0 [2], and Ga(C₉H₁₂N0₂)₃‧3H₂0 {3} were basically isostructural, crystallizing in the space group P3 with the following crystal parameters for 1, [2], and {3}: α= 15.885 (1) ([15.328 (1)], {15.367 (2)}) Å, c = 7.280 (8) ([7.2321 (2)], {7.256 (2)}) Å, Z = 2. The data were refined by using 1280 ([1377], {1802}) reflections with I>3σ(I) to R and Rա values of 0.047 ([0.057], {0.055)) and 0.061 ([0.077], {0.081}), respectively. The complexes exist as the rigidly fac geometries with infinite chains of hydrogen bonds parallel to the c axis.
Science, Faculty of
Chemistry, Department of
Graduate
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El-Hamruni, Salima Maherize. "Organometallic compounds containing the (dimethylaminodimethylsilyl)bis(trimethylsilyl) methyl ligand." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.326949.

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Nomura, Glenn Sterling. "Derivatives of 4-ketoperhydroazulene with bridgehead methyl groups." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/27064.

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Aston, Mark Edward. "Downstream etching of indium phosphide and indium with hydrogen atoms and methyl radicals." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28883.

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The etching of indium phosphide and indium by H atoms and methyl radicals has been studied in a discharge flow system at temperatures between 25 and 300°C. The results indicate that the hydrogen atoms react with InP to produce In metal globules and PH₃(g) at temperatures greater than 160°C. Methyl radicals were not found to react with InP. However these radicals were found to react with indium metal and the globules that are produced in the reaction of hydrogen atoms with InP. Reactions were conducted by alternately etching with H atoms and then with CH₃ radicals. Rate constants for these reactions were determined at 300°C and these values were found to be consistent with the continuous etch rates observed for a mixture of H atoms and CH₃ radicals. The etched surfaces were studied by SEM, XPS and surface profilometry and their properties found to be consistent with the proposed mechanism for the reaction.
Science, Faculty of
Chemistry, Department of
Graduate
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Williams, Kenneth Bruce. "The effect of methyl groups on nucleophilic substitution reactions of chlorocyclotriphosphazenes." Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/49962.

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The reactions of methyl-substituted chlorocyclotriphosphazenes with aryl Grignard reagents and with bifunctional amines, aminoalcohols, and alkoxides were investigated. The characterization data for the compounds formed in the reactions of monomethylpentachlorocyclotriphosphazene and the Grignard reagents were found to be informative with respect to the extent and nature of the interaction between the phosphazene ring and its exocyclic substituents. This interaction was found to be responsible for significant effects on the reactions of the phosphazene ring with nucleophiles. The reactions of the bifunctional nucleophiles were found to be useful probes of the reactivity of the phosphazene ring. Specifically, a single methyl group is found to activate the chlorine on the same phosphorus atom, while a pair of geminally substituted methyl groups is found to deactivate the chlorine atoms on a different phosphorus atom. The results allow a new interpretation of the substitution patterns of various nucleophiles on chlorocyclotriphosphazenes.
Ph. D.
incomplete_metadata
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Mizori, Farhad G. "Transmetallation from zirconium to boron : the synthesis and conjugate addition of mixed unsymmetrical tricoordinate organoboranes containing phenyl and methyl groups /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF formate. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3138868.

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Gqogqa, Pumeza. "Hydroxylation of aromatic compounds over zeolites." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/2564.

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Thesis (MScEng (Process Engineering))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009.
Aromatic precursor compounds are derivatives that play an important role in biosystems and are useful in the production of fine chemicals. This work focuses on the catalytic synthesis of 2-methyl-1, 4-naphthoquinone and cresols (para- and ortho) using aqueous hydrogen peroxide as an oxidant in liquidphase oxidation of 2-methylnaphthalene and toluene over titanium-substituted zeolite TS-1 or Ti-MCM-41. Catalysts synthesised in this work were calcined at 550°C, extensively characterised using techniques such as X-ray Fluorescence for determining the catalyst chemical composition; BET for surface area, pore size and micropore volume; Powder X-ray diffraction for determining their crystallinity and phase purity and SEM was used to investigate the catalyst morphologies. The BET surface areas for Ti-MCM-41 showed a surface area of 1025 m2/g, and a 0.575 cm3/g micropore volume. However, zeolite TS-1 showed a BET surface area of 439 m2/g and a 0.174 cm3/g micropore volume. The initial experiments on 2-methylnaphthalene hydroxylation were performed using the normal batch method. After a series of batch runs, without any success as no products were generated as confirmed by GC, a second experimental tool was proposed. This technique made use of the reflux system at reaction conditions similar to that of the batch system. After performing several experimental runs and optimising the system to various reactor operating conditions and without any products formed, the thought of continuing using the reflux was put on hold. Due to this, a third procedure was brought into perspective. This process made use of PTFE lined Parr autoclave. The reactor operating conditions were changed in order to suit the specifications and requirements of the autoclave. This process yielded promising results and the formation of 2-MNQ was realised. There was a drawback when using an autoclave as only one data point was obtained, at the end of each run. Therefore, it was not possible to investigate reaction kinetics in terms of time. Addition of aqueous hydrogen peroxide (30 wt-%) solution in the feed was done in one lot at the beginning of each reaction in all oxidation reactions, to a reactor containing 2-methylnaphthalene and the catalyst in an appropriate solvent of choice (methanol, acetonitrile, 2-propanol, 1-propanol, 1-pentanol, and butanol), with sample withdrawal done over a period of 6 hours (excluding catalytic experiments done with a Parr autoclave as sampling was impossible). As expected, 2-methylnaphthalene oxidation reactions with medium pore zeolite TS-1 yielded no formation of 2-methyl-1, 4-naphthoquinone using various types of solvents, with a batch reactor, reflux system, or a Parr PTFE autoclave. This was attributed to the fact that 2-methylnaphthalene is a large compound and hinders diffusion into zeolite channels. With the use of an autoclave, Ti-MCM-41 catalysed reactions showed that the choice of a solvent and reaction temperature strongly affect 2- methylnaphthalene conversion and product selectivity. This was proven after comparing a series of different solvents (such as methanol, isopropanol, npropanol, isobutanol, n-pentanol and acetonitrile) at different temperatures. Only reactions using acetonitrile as a solvent showed 2-MNQ. Formation of 2- MNQ, indicating that acetonitrile is an appropriate choice of solvent for this system. The highest 2-methylnaphthalene conversion (92%) was achieved at 120 ˚C, with a relative product selectivity of 51.4 %. Temperature showed a major effect on 2-MN conversion as at lower reaction temperature 100˚C, the relative product selectivity (72%) seems to enhance; however, the drawback is the fact that lower 2-methylnaphthalene conversions (18%) are attained. Another important point to note is the fact that using an autoclave (with acetonitrile as a solvent), 2-methyl-1-naphthol was generated as a co-product. In conclusion, it has been shown that the hydroxylation of different aromatic compounds over zeolites conducted in this study generated interesting findings. In 2-MN hydroxylation over Ti-MCM-41 as a catalyst, only acetonitrile is an appropriate choice of solvent using an autoclave. In addition, zeolite TS-1 is not a suitable catalyst for 2-MN hydroxylation reactions. It is ideal to optimise an autoclave in order to investigate reaction kinetics and optimum selectivity. Toluene hydroxylation reactions yielded para and ortho-cresol as expected with either water or acetonitrile as a solvent. No meta-cresol was formed. The kinetic model fitted generated a good fit with water as a solvent or excess toluene, with acetonitrile as a solvent generating a reasonable fit.
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Books on the topic "Methyl compounds"

1

Overton, Barry Mark. The metabolism of n-methyl compounds. Birmingham: Aston University. Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 1987.

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Yeadon, Alan. A study of the polymorphism of 4-methyl-2-nitroacetanilide and related compounds. Uxbridge: Brunel University, 1985.

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1953-, Wickramanayake Godage B., and Hinchee Robert E, eds. Natural attenuation: Chlorinated and recalcitrant compounds. Columbus, Ohio: Battelle Press, 1998.

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Gescher, Andreas. Studies of the metabolism, antitumour activity and toxicity of compounds containing N-Methyl moieties. Birmingham: Aston University. Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 1986.

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Zogorski, John S. MTBE and other volatile organic compounds: New findings and implications on the quality of source waters used for drinking-water supplies. Rapid City, SD: U.S. Geological Survey, National Water-Quality Assessment Program, 2001.

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Hines, Mark E. Gas exchange in wetlands: Controls and remote sensing : final technical report, NASA grant NAGW-2771. [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1994.

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Delzer, Gregory C. Occurrence and temporal variability of methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) and other volatile organic compounds in select sources of drinking water: Results of the focused survey. Rapid City, S.D: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2003.

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Delzer, Gregory C. Occurrence and temporal variability of methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) and other volatile organic compounds in select sources of drinking water: Results of the focused survey. Rapid City, S.D: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2003.

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Baehr, Arthur L. Water quality and occurrence of methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) and other fuel-related compounds in lakes and ground water at lakeside communities in Sussex and Morris counties, New Jersey, 1998-1999. West Trenton, N.J: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2001.

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Baehr, Arthur L. Water quality and occurrence of methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) and other fuel-related compounds in lakes and ground water at lakeside communities in Sussex and Morris counties, New Jersey, 1998-1999. West Trenton, N.J: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2001.

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Book chapters on the topic "Methyl compounds"

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Oremland, Ronald S., and U. S. Geological Survey. "Microbial Cycling of Methyl Bromide." In Microbial Growth on C1 Compounds, 310–17. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0213-8_41.

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"Methyl Jessate." In Natural Compounds, 152. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-0537-5_338.

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"24-Methyl pollinastanol." In Natural Compounds, 217. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-0537-5_471.

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"2,4,4′-Methyl kuraridinol." In Natural Compounds, 512–13. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-0535-1_1093.

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"Coronalolide Methyl Ester." In Natural Compounds, 115. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-0537-5_246.

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"Tubiferolide Methyl Ester." In Natural Compounds, 117. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-0537-5_247.

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"Methyl Quadrangularate N." In Natural Compounds, 117. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-0537-5_248.

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"Methyl Quadrangularate A." In Natural Compounds, 127. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-0537-5_283.

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"Methyl Quadrangularate I." In Natural Compounds, 127. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-0537-5_292.

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"Cycloartenol Methyl Ether." In Natural Compounds, 127. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-0537-5_293.

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Conference papers on the topic "Methyl compounds"

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Bucy, Harrison, and Anthony J. Marchese. "Oxidative Stability of Algae Derived Methyl Esters Containing Varying Levels of Methyl Eicosapentaenoate and Methyl Docosahexaenoate." In ASME 2011 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icef2011-60047.

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Microalgae is currently receiving strong consideration as a potential biofuel feedstock to help meet the advanced biofuels mandate of the 2007 Energy Independence and Security Act because of its theoretically high yield (gallons/acre/year) in comparison to current terrestrial feedstocks. Microalgae lipids can be converted into a variety of biofuels including fatty acid methyl esters (e.g. biodiesel), renewable diesel, renewable gasoline or synthetic paraffinic aviation kerosene. For algal methyl ester biodiesel, fuel properties will be directly related to the fatty acid composition of the lipids produced by the given microalgae strain. Several microalgae species under consideration for wide scale cultivation, such as Nannochloropsis, produce lipids with fatty acid compositions containing substantially higher quantities of long chain-polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) in comparison to terrestrial feedstocks. It is expected that increased levels of LC-PUFA will be problematic in terms of meeting all of the current ASTM specifications for biodiesel. For example, it is well known that oxidative stability decreases with increasing levels of LC-PUFA. However, these same LC-PUFA fatty acids, such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA: C20:5) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA: C22:6) are known to have high nutritional value thereby making separation of these compounds economically attractive. Given the uncertainty in the future value of these LC-PUFA compounds and the economic viability of the separation process, the goal of this study was to examine the oxidative stability of algal methyl esters with varying levels of EPA and DHA. Tests were conducted using a Metrohm 743 Rancimat with automatic induction period determination following ASTM D6751 and EN 14214 standards, which call for induction periods of at least 3 hours and 6 hours, respectively. Tests were conducted at a temperature of 110°C and airflow of 10 L/h with model algal methyl ester compounds synthesized from various sources to match the fatty acid compositions of several algae strains subjected to varying removal amounts of roughly 0 to 100 percent LC-PUFA. In addition, tests were also conducted with real algal methyl esters produced from multiple sources. The bis-allylic position equivalent (BAPE) was calculated for each fuel sample to quantify the level of unsaturation. The induction period was then plotted as a function of BAPE, which showed that the oxidative stability varied exponentially with the amount of LC-PUFA. The results suggest that removal of 45 to 65 percent of the LC-PUFA from Nannochloropsis-based algal methyl esters would be sufficient for meeting existing ASTM specifications for oxidative stability.
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Weber, J., O. Donard, L. Randall, and J. Han. "Speciation of Methyl- and Butyltin Compounds in the Great Bay Estuary (N.H.)." In OCEANS '86. IEEE, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/oceans.1986.1160355.

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Zelenskaya, Veronika, Ruslan Baichurin, Vladislav Sergeev, and Sergey Makarenko. "FEATURES OF THE INTERACTION OF 1-ACETYL-1-NITRO-4-PHENYL-1,3-BUTADIENE WITH 4-METHYL(CHLORO)THIOPHENOLS." In Chemistry of nitro compounds and related nitrogen-oxygen systems. LLC MAKS Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.29003/m785.aks-2019/322-324.

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Heath, Charles, Matthew Myers, and Bobby Pejcic. "Calixarene-Poly(methyl methacrylate) composites for ATR-IR sensing of water dissolved aromatic compounds." In 2016 IEEE SENSORS. IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsens.2016.7808851.

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Kohn, McKenzie P., Marco J. Castaldi, and Robert J. Farrauto. "Effect of Methyl Chloride on Landfill Gas Dry Reforming." In 20th Annual North American Waste-to-Energy Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nawtec20-7046.

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Landfills are the second-largest source of anthropogenic methane emissions in the U.S., accounting for 22% of CH4 emissions. Landfill gas (LFG) is primarily composed of CH4 and CO2, and currently only 18% of this is used for energy. Because landfills will continue to be used for the foreseeable future, complete utilization of LFG is becoming more important as the demand for energy increases. Catalytically reforming LFG produces syngas (H2 and CO) that can be converted to liquid fuels or mixed into the LFG stream to produce a more reactive, cleaner burning fuel. It has been demonstrated that injecting 5% syngas into a simulated LFG mixture prior to engine combustion decreases CO, UHC, and NOx emissions by 73%, 89%, and 38%, respectively. One barrier to using LFG in a catalytic system is the contaminant content of the LFG, including chlorine and sulfur compounds, higher order hydrocarbons, and siloxanes that have the potential to poison a catalyst. Chlorinated compounds are present in LFG at 10–100ppm levels and are often found as chlorocarbons. This research explores the effect of methyl chloride on the activity of a Rh/γ-Al2O3 catalyst while dry reforming LFG to syngas. It has been found that methyl chloride acts as a reversible poison on the dry reforming reaction, causing a loss in dry reforming activity, decrease in syngas production, and increase in H2/CO ratio while CH3Cl is present in the feed. CH3Cl exposure also decreases the acidity of the catalyst which decreases carbon formation and deactivation due to coking.
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Dagaut, Philippe, Yuri Bedjanian, Guillaume Dayma, Fabrice Foucher, Benoît Grosselin, Manolis Romanias, and Roya Shahla. "Emission of Carbonyl and Polyaromatic Hydrocarbon Pollutants From the Combustion of Liquid Fuels: Impact of Biofuel Blending." In ASME Turbo Expo 2018: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2018-75136.

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The combustion of conventional fuels (Diesel and Jet A-1) with 10–20% vol. oxygenated biofuels (ethanol, 1-butanol, methyl octanoate, rapeseed oil methyl ester, diethyl carbonate, tri(propylene glycol)methyl ether, i.e., CH3(OC3H6)3OH, and 2,5-dimethylfuran) and a synthetic paraffinic kerosene was studied. The experiments were performed using an atmospheric pressure laboratory premixed flame and a four-cylinder four-stroke Diesel engine operating at 1500 rpm. Soot samples from kerosene blends were collected above a premixed flame for analysis. Polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were extracted from the soot samples. After fractioning, they were analyzed by high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) with UV and fluorescence detectors. C1 to C8 carbonyl compounds were collected at the Diesel engine exhaust on 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine coated cartridges (DNPH) and analyzed by HPLC with UV detection. The data indicated that blending conventional fuels with biofuels has a significant impact on the emission of both carbonyl compounds and PAHs adsorbed on soot. The global concentration of 18 PAHs (1-methyl-naphthalene, 2-methyl-naphthalene, and the 16 US priority EPA PAHs) on soot was considerably lowered using oxygenated fuels, except 2,5-dimethylfuran. Conversely, the total carbonyl emission increased by oxygenated biofuels blending. Among them, ethanol and 1-butanol were found to increase considerably the emissions of carbonyl compounds.
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Rattanabut, C., W. Muangrat, W. Bungjongpru, M. Phonyiem, W. J. Wongwiriyapan, and Y. J. Song. "Graphene and Poly (Methyl Methacrylate) Composite Laminates on Flexible Substrates for Volatile Organic Compounds Detection." In 2017 International Conference on Solid State Devices and Materials. The Japan Society of Applied Physics, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.7567/ssdm.2017.ps-13-23.

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Nikolaeva, E., D. Chachkov, A. Shamov, and G. Khrapkovskiiа. "ALTERNATIVE MECHANISMS OF GAS-PHASE MONOMOLECULAR THERMO DE-STRUCTION OF NITROBENZENE AND ITS METHYL, HYDROXY AND AMINO DERIVATIVES REPLACED ACCORDING TO QUANTUM-CHEMICAL METHODS OF DENSITY FUNCTIONALITY." In Chemistry of nitro compounds and related nitrogen-oxygen systems. LLC MAKS Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.29003/m742.aks-2019/156-163.

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Kusumaningrum, Vivi Ambar, Ahmad Hanapi, Rachmawati Ningsih, Sri Ani Nafiah, and Ainun Nadhiroh. "Synthesis, Characterization, and Antioxidant Activity of 2-methoxy-4 - ((4-methoxy phenyl imino) -methyl) phenol compounds." In International Conference on Engineering, Technology and Social Science (ICONETOS 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210421.042.

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Baichurin, Ruslan, Vladislav Sergeev, and Sergey Makarenko. "SYNTHESIS OF 4-METHYL-3-NITRO-2-STYRYL-2,3-DIHYDROBENZO[b][1,4]THIAZEPINE BASED ON THE REACTION OF 1-ACETYL1-NITRO-4-PHENYL-1,3-BUTADIENE WITH 2-AMINOTHIOPHENOL." In Chemistry of nitro compounds and related nitrogen-oxygen systems. LLC MAKS Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.29003/m756.aks-2019/218-219.

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Reports on the topic "Methyl compounds"

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Crouch, Rebecca, Jared Smith, Bobbi Stromer, Christian Hubley, Samuel Beal, Guilherme Lotufo, Afrachanna Butler, et al. Preparative, extraction, and analytical methods for simultaneous determination of legacy and insensitive munition (IM) constituents in aqueous, soil or sediment, and tissue matrices. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41480.

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No standard method exists for determining levels of insensitive munition (IM) compounds in environmental matrices. This project resulted in new methods of extraction, analytical separation and quantitation of 17 legacy and 7 IM compounds, daughter products of IM, and other munition compounds absent from USEPA Method 8330B. Extraction methods were developed for aqueous (direct-injection and solid-phase extraction [SPE]), soil, sediment, and tissue samples using laboratory-spiked samples. Aqueous methods were tested on 5 water sources, with 23 of 24 compounds recovered within DoD QSM Ver5.2 limits. New solvent extraction (SE) methods enabled recovery of all 24 compounds from 6 soils within QSM limits, and a majority of the 24 compounds were recovered at acceptable levels from 4 tissues types. A modified chromatographic treatment method removed analytical interferences from tissue extracts. Two orthogonal high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet (HPLC-UV) separation methods, along with an HPLC–mass spectrometric (HPLC-MS) method, were developed. Implementing these new methods should reduce labor and supply costs by approximately 50%, requiring a single extraction and sample preparation, and 2 analyses rather than 4. These new methods will support environmental monitoring of IM and facilitate execution of risk-related studies to determine long-term effects of IM compounds.
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Crouch, Rebecca, Jared Smith, Bobbi Stromer, Christian Hubley, Samuel Beal, Guilherme Lotufo, Afrachanna Butler, et al. Methods for simultaneous determination of legacy and insensitive munition (IM) constituents in aqueous, soil/sediment, and tissue matrices. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41720.

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Currently, no standard method exists for analyzing insensitive munition (IM) compounds in environmental matrices, with or without concurrent legacy munition compounds, resulting in potentially inaccurate determinations. The primary objective of this work was to develop new methods of extraction, pre-concentration, and analytical separation/quantitation of 17 legacy munition compounds along with several additional IM compounds, IM breakdown products, and other munition compounds that are not currently included in U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Method 8330B. Analytical methods were developed to enable sensitive, simultaneous detection and quantitation of the 24 IM and legacy compounds, including two orthogonal high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) column separations with either ultraviolet (UV) or mass spectrometric (MS) detection. Procedures were developed for simultaneous extraction of all 24 analytes and two surrogates (1,2-dinitrobenzene, 1,2-DNB; o-NBA) from high- and low-level aqueous matrices and solid matrices, using acidification, solid phase extraction (SPE), or solvent extraction (SE), respectively. The majority of compounds were recovered from four tissue types within current limits for solids, with generally low recovery only for Tetryl (from 4 to 62%). A preparatory chromatographic interference removal procedure was adapted for tissue extracts, as various analytical interferences were observed for all studied tissue types.
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Jimenez, J., D. L. Ederer, and T. Shu. Raman scattering in transition metal compounds: Titanium and compounds of titanium. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/603585.

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Berry, John F. Studies of Metal-Metal Bonded Compounds in Catalysis. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1417486.

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Akinleye, Taiwo, Idil Deniz Akin, Amanda Hohner, Indranil Chowdhury, Richards Watts, Xianming Shi, Brendan Dutmer, James Mueller, and Will Moody. Evaluation of Electrochemical Treatment for Removal of Arsenic and Manganese from Field Soil. Illinois Center for Transportation, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/21-019.

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Soils containing inorganic compounds are frequently encountered by transportation agencies during construction within the right-of-way, and they pose a threat to human health and the environment. As a result, construction activities may experience project delays and increased costs associated with management of inorganic compounds containing soils required to meet environmental regulations. Recalcitrance of metal-contaminated soils toward conventional treatment technologies is exacerbated in clay or organic content-rich fine-grained soils with low permeability and high sorption capacity because of increased treatment complexity, cost, and duration. The objective of this study was to develop an accelerated in situ electrochemical treatment approach to extract inorganic compounds from fine-grained soils, with the treatment time comparable to excavation and off-site disposal. Three reactor experiments were conducted on samples collected from two borehole locations from a field site in Illinois that contained arsenic (As)(~7.4 mg/kg) and manganese (Mn)(~700 mg/kg). A combination of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and/or citrate buffer solution was used to treat the soils. A low-intensity electrical field was applied to soil samples using a bench-scale reactor that resembles field-scale in situ electrochemical systems. For the treatment using 10% H2O2 and citrate buffer solution, average removal of 23% and 8% were achieved for Mn and As, respectively. With 4% H2O2 and citrate buffer, 39% and 24% removal were achieved for Mn and As; while using only citrate buffer as the electrolyte, 49% and 9% removal were achieved for Mn and As, respectively. All chemical regimes adopted in this study reduced the inorganic compound concentrations to below the maximum allowable concentration for Illinois as specified by the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency. The results from this work indicate that electrochemical systems that leverage low concentrations of hydrogen peroxide and citrate buffer can be effective for remediating soils containing manganese and arsenic.
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Stromer, Bobbi, Rebecca Crouch, Katrinka Wayne, Ashley Kimble, Jared Smith, and Anthony Bednar. Methods for simultaneous determination of 29 legacy and insensitive munition (IM) constituents in aqueous, soil-sediment, and tissue matrices by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/1168142105.

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Standard methods are in place for analysis of 17 legacy munitions compounds and one surrogate in water and soil matrices; however, several insensitive munition (IM) and degradation products are not part of these analytical procedures. This lack could lead to inaccurate determinations of munitions in environmental samples by either not measuring for IM compounds or using methods not designed for IM and other legacy compounds. This work seeks to continue expanding the list of target analytes currently included in the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Method 8330B. This technical report presents three methods capable of detecting 29 legacy, IM, and degradation products in a single High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) method with either ultraviolet (UV)-visible absorbance detection or mass spectrometric detection. Procedures were developed from previously published works and include the addition of hexahydro-1-nitroso-3,5-dinitro-1,3,5-triazine (MNX); hexahydro-1,3-dinitroso-5-nitro-1,3,5-triazine (DNX); hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitroso-1,3,5-triazine (TNX); 2,4-diamino-6-nitrotoluene (2,4-DANT); and 2,6-diamino-4-nitrotoluene (2,6-DANT). One primary analytical method and two secondary (confirmation) methods were developed capable of detecting 29 analytes and two surrogates. Methods for high water concentrations (direct injection), low-level water concentrations (solid phase extraction), soil (solvent extraction), and tissue (solvent extraction) were tested for analyte recovery of the new compounds.
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Rillema, D. P. Oligomer and mixed-metal compounds potential multielectron transfer agent. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5094036.

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Rothwell, I. P. Catalytic arene hydrogenation using early transition metal hydride compounds. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6443562.

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Rillema, D. Oligomer and mixed-metal compounds potential multielectron transfer catalysts. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5573583.

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Dunkerton, L., C. Hinckley, J. Tyrrell, and P. Robinson. Interactions of sulfur-containing compounds with transition metal clusters and metal surfaces III. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/7019171.

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