Relevant bibliographies by topics / Methyl bromide

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Methyl bromide'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 30 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Methyl bromide"

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Basavaiah, Kanakapura, Umakanthappa Chandrashekar, and Nage Gowda. "Titrimetric and spectrophotometric assay of felodipine in tablets using bromate–bromide, Methyl Orange and Indigo Carmine reagents." Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society 70, no. 7 (2005): 969–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jsc0507969b.

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Three new methods based on titrimetric and spectrophotometric techniques are described for the determination of felodipine (FLD) in the bulk drug and in tablets using a bromate?bromide mixture and two dyes, Methyl Orange and Indigo Carmine. In the titrimetric method (method A), the drug solution was treated with a measured excess of the bromate?bromide mixture in acid medium and after the reaction was judged to be complete, the unreacted bromine was determined iodometrically. The two spectrophotometric methods are based on the bromination of the drug with a known excess of the bromate?bromide mixture under acidic conditions followed by the estimation of the surplus bromine by reaction with either Methyl Orange (Method B) or Indigo Carmine (Method C) and measuring the absorbance at 520 nm or 610 nm, respectively. In all the methods, the amount of reacted bromine corresponds to the drug content. The titrimetric procedure is applicable for between 6?15 mg and the reaction stoichiometry was found to be 1:1 (drug: BrO3?). The systems obey Beer?s law between 0.12 ? 0.87 ?gml-1 and 0.5 ? 6.0 ?gml-1 formethods B and C respectively. The limits of detection and quantification are reported for both the spectrophotometric methods. The methods could usefully be applied to routine quality control of pharmaceutical formulations containing FLD. Statistical comparison of the results with the reference method shows excellent agreement and indicates no significant difference in accuracy and precision.
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Terraza, Gerbino, and Podestá. "Synthesis and Some Physical Properties of New Organometallic Compounds Containing Si and Sn Atoms." Proceedings 9, no. 1 (November 14, 2018): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecsoc-22-05687.

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: This paper reports the synthesis of two new organotin hydrides containing a (phenyldimethylsilyl)methyl ligand. It was found that the reaction of (phenyldime thylsilyl) methylmagnesium bromide in ether afforded ((phenyldimethylsilyl)methyl) trimethyltin (3) (72%), and with (−)-menthyldimethyltin bromide (4) gave (((phenyl dimethylsilyl)methyl)(1R,2R,5R) -2-isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexyl)dimethyltin (5) (84%). Bromo dealkylation of 3 with bromine in MeOH led to ((phenyldimethylsilyl)methyl)dimethyltin bromide (6) (82%), which upon reduction with LiAlH4 yielded ((phenyldimethyl silyl)methyl)dimethyltin hydride (7) (95%). The best method for obtaining the corresponding bromostannylated derivative of compound 5, i.e., (((phenyldimethylsilyl) methyl)(1R,2R,5R)-2-isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexyl) methyltin bromide (8) was the exchange reaction between 4 and HgBr2 that led to 8 with 90% yield. The reduction of bromide 8 with LiAlH4 gave a diastereomeric mixture of (((phenyldimethylsilyl)methyl)(1R,2R,5R)-2-isopropyl-5- methylcyclohexyl)methyltin hydride (9). Some physical properties and 1H, 13C, and 119Sn NMR of the new organotin hydrides, as well as that of their intermediate precursors are included.
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Ramesh, Jagannathamurthy, Kanakapura Basavaiah, Ranganath Divya, Nagaraju Rajendraprasad, and Basavaiah Vinay. "Titrimetric and spectrophotometric determination of doxycycline hyclate using bromate-bromide, methyl orange and indigo carmine." Chemical Industry and Chemical Engineering Quarterly 16, no. 2 (2010): 139–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/ciceq091208020r.

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One titrimetric and two indirect spectrophotometric methods are described for the determination of doxycycline hyclate (DCH) in bulk drug and in its formulations. The methods use bromate-bromide, methyl orange and indigo carmine as reagents. In titrimetry (method A), DCH is treated with a known excess of bromate-bromide mixture in acid medium and the residual bromine is back titrated iodometrically after the reaction between DCH and in situ bromine is ensured to be complete. In spectrophotometric methods, the excess of bromine is estimated by treating with a fixed amount of either methyl orange (method B) or indigo carmine (method C) and measuring the change in absorbance either at 520 or 610 nm. Titrimetric method is applicable over 1-8 mg range and the calculations are based on a 1:2 (DCH:bromate) stoichiometric ratio. In spectrophotometry, the calibration graphs were found to be linear over 0.25-1.25 and 1-5 ?g mL-1 for method B and method C, respectively, with corresponding molar absorptivity values of 2.62 ?105 and 6.97 ? 104 L mol-1 cm-1. Accuracy and precision of the assays were determined by computing the intra-day and inter-day variations at three different levels of DCH.
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Basavaiah, Kanakapura, Umakanthappa Chandrashekar, and Paregowda Nagegowda. "Titrimetric, spectrophotometric and kinetic methods for the assay of atenolol using bromate-bromide and methyl orange." Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society 71, no. 5 (2006): 553–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jsc0605553b.

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Three new methods have been developed for the determination of atenolol in bulk drug and in tablet formulation. The methods are based on the oxidation-bromination reaction of the drug by bromine, generated in situ by the action of acid on a bromate- bromide mixture. In the titrimetric method the drug is treated with a known excess of bromate-bromide mixture in hydrochloric acid medium, followed by the determination of the unreacted bromine iodometrically. The spectrophotometric method involves the addition of a measured excess of bromate-bromide reagent in hydrochloric acid medium to atenolol, and after ensuring the reaction had gone to completion, the unreacted bromine is treated with a fixed amount of methyl orange, and absorbance measured at 520 nm. The absorbance was found to increase linearly with increasing concentration of atenolol. The kinetic method depends on the existence of a linear relationship between the concentration of the drug and the time of the oxidation-bromination reaction, as indicated by the bleaching of methyl orange acid colour. The working conditions were optimized. The titrimetric method is based on a 1:1 reaction stoichiometry (atenolol:bromate) and is applicable over the 3-20 mg range. The spectrophotometric method permits micro determination of the drug (0.5-4.0 ?gml -1)with an apparentmolar absorptivity of 4.13x10 4lmol-1 cm-1 and detection limit of 0.07 ?gml -1. The kinetic method is applicable in the concentration range 5-25 ?gml -1 with a detection limit of 3.72 ?gml -1. The proposed methods were successfully applied to the determination of atenolol in tablet preparations with mean recoveries of 97.63 to 101.78 %. The reliability of the assay was established by parallel determination by the reference method and by recovery studies using the standard addition technique.
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Hahn, F. Ekkehardt, Beate Heidrich, Thomas Lügger, and Tania Pape. "Pd(II) Complexes of N-Allyl Substituted N-Heterocyclic Carbenes." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 59, no. 11-12 (December 1, 2004): 1519–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-2004-11-1223.

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The unsymmetrically substituted imidazolium salt 1-ethyl-3-allyl-imidazolium bromide 1 was synthesized by treatment of imidazole with one equivalent each of n-butyl lithium and ethyl bromide followed by treatment with one equivalent of allyl bromide. The symmetrically substituted derivatives 1,3-diallyl-imidazolium bromide 2 and 1,3-bis(3-methyl-2-butenyl)-imidazolium bromide 3 were obtained from imidazole and two equivalents of allyl bromide or 4-bromo-2-methyl-2-butenyl bromide, respectively, in the presence of sodium hydrogencarbonate as a base. The imidazolium bromides 1- 3 react with Pd(OAc)2 to afford the palladium(II) dicarbene complexes trans-[PdBr2(L)2] (L = 1- ethyl-3-allyl-imidazolin-2-ylidene, 4; L = 1,3-diallyl-imidazolin-2-ylidene, 5; L = 1,3-di(3-methyl-2- butenyl)imidazolin-2-ylidene, 6) by in situ deprotonation of the imidazolium salts. The X-ray structure analyses of 4- 6 show all three complexes to be mononuclear with palladium(II) coordinated in a square-planar fashion by two carbene and two bromo ligands.
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Minami, Masayasu, and Yoko Hirata. "Methyl bromide poisoning." Journal of Nippon Medical School 53, no. 2 (1986): 129–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1272/jnms1923.53.129.

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Liu, Hui, Tong Tong, Yingying Pu, Bing Sun, Xiaomei Zhu, and Zhiyu Yan. "Insight Into the Formation Paths of Methyl Bromide From Syringic Acid in Aqueous Bromide Solutions Under Simulated Sunlight Irradiation." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 6 (March 20, 2020): 2081. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17062081.

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Methyl bromide (CH3Br) is one of the largest natural sources of bromine in the stratosphere, where it leads to ozone depletion. This paper reported the photochemical production of CH3Br from syringic acid (SA) that has been used as an environmentally relevant model compound for terrestrially-derived dissolved organic matter. The formation of CH3Br increased with the increase of bromide ion concentration ranging from 0.8 to 80 mmol L−1. Ferric ions (Fe(III)) enhanced CH3Br production, while chloride inhibited it, with or without Fe(III). Meanwhile, methyl chloride (CH3Cl) was generated in the presence of chloride and was inhibited by Fe(III). The different effects of Fe(III) on the formation of CH3Cl and CH3Br indicate their diverse formation paths. Based on the intermediates identified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and the confirmation of the formation of Fe(III)-SA complexes, it was proposed that there were two formation paths of CH3Br from SA in the bromide-enriched water under simulated sunlight irradiation. One path was via nucleophilic attack of Br− on the excited state protonation of SA; the other was via the combination of methyl radical and bromine radical when Fe(III) was present. This work suggests that the photochemical formation of CH3Br may act as a potential natural source of CH3Br in the bromide-enriched environmental matrix, and helps in better understanding the formation mechanism of CH3Br.
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Akca, Ergonen Toprak, Salacin Serpil, Uysal Sezer, Eminoglu Ozlem, Gelal Ayse, Coker Canan, Baydur Hakan, Karcioglu Ozgur, Onvural Banu, and Guven Hulya. "Health Profiles of Methyl Bromide Applicators in Greenhouses in Turkey." Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore 38, no. 8 (August 15, 2009): 707–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.v38n8p707.

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Introduction: Methyl bromide is a toxic substance that has hazardous effects on human health with acute and chronic exposure. Our previous study showed that methyl bromide applicators frequently use large amounts of methyl bromide haphazardly in greenhouses in the prefectures of Narlidere and Balcova in the Aegean city of Izmir. This study aims to evaluate the health conditions of these workers. Materials and Methods: Our previous study showed that there are 38 methyl bromide applicators in our study area. After the informed consent of methyl bromide applicators was obtained, a questionnaire was used for a survey of demography and symptoms. Each subject was examined before and after application of the compound. Blood and urine samples were collected and stored. Blood samples were analysed for methyl bromide and bromide ion, kidney and liver function tests and lipid profile. Results: The age range of subjects was 19 to 53 years (mean age: 41 ± 8.57). This study showed that methyl bromide applicators use large amounts of methyl bromide disregarding legal regulations and that some of them had non- specific complaints. Subjects had been working as methyl bromide applicators for approximately 9.7 ± 4.15 years. A total of 69.7% of methyl bromide applicators reported that they did not use protective equipment while 33.3% of them had a history of acute methyl bromide intoxication. A statistically significant relationship was found between the usage of protective equipment and the level of blood bromide ion in the blood (P <0.05). Conclusion: Usage of methyl bromide, training, screening and follow-up of applicators must be rigorously controlled in accordance with national legal arrangements and international protocols. Greater efforts are required in the implementation of controls to achieve the targets set by the legal regulations and to ensure continual improvement in the limitation of the risks of this environmental hazard. Key words: Applicator’s health, Chronic exposure, Forensic medicine, Greenhouse workers
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Lin, Jung-Chou, Jie Chen, Steven L. Suib, Michael B. Cutlip, and James D. Freihaut. "Recovery of Bromine from Methyl Bromide Using Amorphous MnOxPhotocatalysts." Journal of Catalysis 161, no. 2 (July 1996): 659–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jcat.1996.0228.

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Blondeau, C. M. "METHYL BROMIDE STEWARDSHIP PROGRAM." Acta Horticulturae, no. 255 (October 1989): 323–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.1989.255.39.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Methyl bromide"

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Horst, Axel. "Stable bromine isotopic composition of methyl bromide : Method development and applications." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för tillämpad miljövetenskap (ITM), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-89454.

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The isotopic composition of ozone depleting methyl halides may provide valuable information on the sources and sinks of these compounds. However, so far mostly stable carbon isotope analysis of methyl chloride and methyl bromide (CH3Br) has been attempted. Especially halogen isotope analysis has been hindered by the challenge to obtain sufficiently large amounts of methyl halides to meet the detection limits of existing isotope analytical methods. The purpose of this doctoral thesis was to develop both a high-volume cryogenic collection system for methyl bromide (Article II) and an analytical technique being able to analyze the sampled amounts of CH3Br for its Br isotopic composition, which was accomplished by using gas chromatography multiple-collector inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry (Article I). These methods were applied in the field campaign from which we report the first bromine isotopic values of CH3Br in the atmosphere (Article III), being in the range of -0.47 to + 1.75 ‰ vs. SMOB (Standard Mean Ocean Bromide). A laboratory study on pectin and halophyte plant material (Article IV) gave an insight in Br isotope composition of abiotically formed CH3Br which may be a main source to the atmospheric budget. These plant experiments yielded δ81Br values of 0 to -2 ‰ SMOB. Atmospheric CH3Br and this potential source showed partly distinct δ81Br ranges and demonstrate the potential of Br isotopes for source apportionment.

At the time of the doctoral defense, the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 2: Accepted. Paper 3: Submited. Paper 4: Manuscript.

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Baker, Jonathan M. "Natural and anthropogenic sources of methyl bromide." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.266714.

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Knight, Gary Peter. "Kinetic, spectroscopic and theoretical studies involving methyl bromide." Thesis, University of York, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.296292.

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Warwick, Nicola Julie. "Global modelling of atmospheric methane and methyl bromide." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.619980.

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Rhew, Robert C. "Production and consumption of methyl bromide and methyl chloride by the terrestrial biosphere /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3035891.

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Groszko, Wayne. "An estimate of the global air-sea flux of methyl chloride, methyl bromide, and methyl iodide." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0016/NQ49265.pdf.

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Belcher, Jason Lamar Walker Robert Harold. "Acrolein (2-propenal) a potential alternative to methyl bromide /." Auburn, Ala, 2008. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/EtdRoot/2008/SUMMER/Agronomy_and_Soils/Dissertation/Belcher_Jason_27.pdf.

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Hardacre, Catherine. "Characterisation of CH3X fluxes from Scottish and high latitude wetlands." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/4605.

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Methyl bromide (CH3Br) and methyl chloride (CH3Cl) are two halocarbons that are unique in that they play a significant role in stratospheric ozone destruction, and are mainly produced by natural systems. The current average tropospheric mixing ratios are 7.9 pptv CH3Br and 550 pptv CH3Cl (WMO, 2007). Although CH3Br and CH3Cl are present in such low concentrations, their atmospheric life times are sufficiently long that they can be transported to the stratosphere via the tropical tropopause at the equator. This process takes approximately six months.
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Pepper, Jordan D. "An examination of the environmental Kuznets curve for methyl bromide /." View online, 2010. http://repository.eiu.edu/theses/docs/32211131576463.pdf.

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Preisser, Richard Herman III. "Food Safe Alternatives to Methyl Bromide in Country Ham Production." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/73654.

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Dry cured meat production is a costly and long term investment for producers. Ham mites (Tyrophagus putrescentiae) are a common pest of dry cured products and cause devastating effects, potentially nullifying producers' investments due to loss of salable product, as well as regulatory concerns. Methyl bromide, a chemical fumigant used to control mite populations, is damaging to stratospheric ozone and will no longer be available. Presently, no alternative control measure has been approved to combat the ham mite; therefore, it is essential to identify potential alternatives. Interest in safe alternatives to control arthropod pest populations is gaining momentum, and garlic (Allium sativum) has been used to control other arthropod species including the northern fowl mite, mosquitos, and aphids. We chose to explore the efficacy of garlic juice in controlling T. putrescentiae. Using a choice test design, approximately 65% of the inoculated mites colonized on the control ham cubes, while no mites remained on garlic juice-dipped cubes. Garlic was ineffective when examined for volatile efficacy, but was effective in direct contact assays. However, as garlic juice was aged and diluted, efficacy was reduced even after treatments with antioxidants, metal chelators, and pH neutralization. In total, garlic juice acted as a short term repellent and showed efficacy in contact models, but application is time sensitive due to variable enzymatic degradation.
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Books on the topic "Methyl bromide"

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T, Kielhorn, World Health Organization, International Programme on Chemical Safety., and United Nations Environment Programme, eds. Methyl bromide. Geneva: World Heath Organization, 1995.

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John, Hathaway. Methyl bromide replacement strategies. Phoenix, Ariz: Arizona Dept. of Environmental Quality, Waste Programs Division, Division Support and Pollution Prevention Section, 1996.

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Hathaway, John. Methyl bromide replacement strategies. Phoenix, Ariz: Arizona Dept. of Environmental Quality, Waste Programs Division, Division Support and Pollution Prevention Section, 1996.

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H, Bell C., Price N, and Chakrabarti B, eds. The methyl bromide issue. Chichester: John Wiley, 1996.

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executive, Health and safety. Fumigation using methyl bromide (bromomethane). London: H.M.S.O., 1986.

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Uugwanga, Petrus L. Methyl bromide report Namibia: Report on the consumption of methyl bromide in Namibia. Windhoek: [s.n., 2001.

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Beane, Kathie. Methyl bromide: January 1989 - April 1993. Beltsville, Md: National Agricultural Library, 1993.

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National Research Council (U.S.) Subcommittee for the Review of the Risk Assessment of Methyl Bromide., ed. Methyl bromide risk characterization in California. Washington, D.C: National Academy Press, 2000.

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Lindberg, Chris. Alternatives to methyl bromide: Selected case studies : 2001 Canadian leadership in the development of methyl bromide alternatives. Ottawa: Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 2001.

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Graver, Jan Van Someren. Guide to fumigation under gas-proof sheets. [Rome]: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2004.

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Book chapters on the topic "Methyl bromide"

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Patnaik, Pradyot. "Methyl Bromide." In Handbook of Environmental Analysis, 465–66. Third edition. | Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, CRC Press, 2017.: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315151946-109.

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Yang, Raymond S. H., Kristine L. Witt, Charles J. Alden, and Lorris G. Cockerham. "Toxicology of Methyl Bromide." In Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 65–85. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-4252-9_3.

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Oremland, Ronald S., and U. S. Geological Survey. "Microbial Cycling of Methyl Bromide." In Microbial Growth on C1 Compounds, 310–17. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0213-8_41.

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Anderson, Todd A., Patricia J. Rice, James H. Cink, and Joel R. Coats. "Fate of Methyl Bromide in Fumigated Soils." In ACS Symposium Series, 42–52. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1997-0652.ch005.

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Jeffers, Peter M., and N. Lee Wolfe. "Degradation of Methyl Bromide by Green Plants." In ACS Symposium Series, 53–59. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1997-0652.ch006.

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Zhang, Suojiang, Qing Zhou, Xingmei Lu, Yuting Song, and Xinxin Wang. "Properties of 3-methyl-1-pentylimidazolium bromide mixtures." In Physicochemical Properties of Ionic Liquid Mixtures, 714–16. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-7573-1_56.

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Holze, Rudolf. "Ionic conductivities of glycerol + methyl triphenyl phosphonium bromide." In Electrochemistry, 48–49. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-49251-2_41.

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Majewski, Michael S. "Error Evaluation of Methyl Bromide Aerodynamic Flux Measurements." In ACS Symposium Series, 135–53. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1997-0652.ch012.

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Holze, Rudolf. "Ionic conductivities of ethylene glycol + methyl triphenyl phosphonium bromide." In Electrochemistry, 42–43. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-49251-2_38.

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Holze, Rudolf. "Ionic conductance of allyl benzyl methyl phenyl ammonium bromide." In Electrochemistry, 669. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-49251-2_632.

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Conference papers on the topic "Methyl bromide"

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Zhang, Chenglei, Guitong Li, and Aocheng Cao. "Notice of Retraction: Carbon Metabolism in the Soils Fumigated with Methyl Bromide Alternatives." In 2011 5th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering. IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icbbe.2011.5781393.

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Mizuno, Hitoshi, Takumi Nishimura, Yuya Mekata, Naho Kurahashi, Momonosuke Odani, VanCao Nguyen, Yuhi Inada, Takeshi Yamao, Fumio Sasaki, and Hisao Yanagi. "Distributed Feedback Laser with Methyl Ammonium Lead Bromide Embedded in Channel-Type Waveguides." In 2020 International Conference on Solid State Devices and Materials. The Japan Society of Applied Physics, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.7567/ssdm.2020.h-10-05.

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Ricks, G., and J. Tudor. "419. Laboratory Evaluation of Personal Protective Equipment for Permeation Resistance to Methyl Bromide Vapor." In AIHce 1996 - Health Care Industries Papers. AIHA, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.3320/1.2765101.

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Green, Martina, James N. Seiber, and Heinz W. Biermann. "In situ measurement of methyl bromide in indoor air using long-path FTIR spectroscopy." In Optics, Electro-Optics, and Laser Applications in Science and Engineering, edited by Harold I. Schiff. SPIE, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.46170.

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BUCKLEY, K. R., J. M. HUSER, J. LU, M. J. ADAM, and T. J. RUTH. "OPTIMISATION OF THE SINGLE PASS GAS PHASE SYNTHESIS OF 11C-METHYL BROMIDE FROM 11C-METHANE." In Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Isotopes. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812793867_0105.

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Jamhawi, Abdelqader, Jinjun Liu, Rajesh Sardar, Meghan Teunis, and Hamzeh Telfah. "ULTRAFAST TRANSIENT ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY INVESTIGATION OF EXCITED-STATE DYNAMICS OF METHYL AMMONIUM LEAD BROMIDE PEROVSKITE NANOSTRUCTURES." In 72nd International Symposium on Molecular Spectroscopy. Urbana, Illinois: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.15278/isms.2017.wb06.

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Nahed Msayleb, Ramesh Kanwar, J. (Hans) van Leeuwen, Alison Robertson, and Gregory Tylka. "Soil disinfection with ozone (O3) as an alternative to methyl bromide - a sustainable practice in agriculture." In 2013 Kansas City, Missouri, July 21 - July 24, 2013. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/aim.20131597192.

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Abbar, Salehe. "Edible gels as methyl bromide alternatives to protect dry cured hams from infestation byTyrophagus putrescentiae(Acari: Acaridae)." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.112847.

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Mirghani, Mohamed, Adeeb Hayyan, Hanee Hizaddin, Mahar Diana Hamid, Jehad Saleh, M. Y. Zulkifli, Waleed Al Abdulmonem, Fahad Alhumaydhi, and Abdullah Aljohani. "Novel Encapsulated Ionic Liquid Analogous for Free Fatty Acid Conversion to Fatty Acid Methyl Ester." In 2022 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/vapq5899.

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The development of an efficient and green catalyst can be considered as a major contribution for the esterification of free fatty acid (FFA) in non-edible oil feedstocks. The DES was encapsulated in medical capsules for esterification of free fatty acid. The DES was synthesized from allyltriphenylphosphonium bromide (Allyl) and p-toluenesulfonic acid (PTSA). The FFA content was reduced to < 2 % under optimum conditions (catalyst dosage 2% (wt/wt) catalyst to oil, 10:1 molar ratio of oil to methanol at 60 °C for 60 min reaction time). The formation of a eutectic mixture endows the catalyst with advantages for esterification reaction such as improvements in recyclability and hygroscopicity of PTSA.
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sohrabi, Beheshteh, Farzaneh Hekmat, ajin Jalali, and Mohammad safi Rahmanifar. "Investigation of the supercapacitive performance of modified Carbon nanotube materials by 1-methyl-3-octadecylimidazolium bromide Ionic Liquid." In The 17th International Electronic Conference on Synthetic Organic Chemistry. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecsoc-17-f002.

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Reports on the topic "Methyl bromide"

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Hu, Hongqiang, Michael Clark, Amber Hoover, Kevin Kenney, B. Dutcher, G. Wilson, and V. Sethi. Technical Assessment of Using Biomass from Methyl-bromide Treated Fields in Solid Fuel Boilers. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1408506.

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HABER, S. B. A CHRONIC INHALATION STUDY OF METHYL BROMIDE TOXICITY IN B6C3F1 MICE. (FINAL REPORT TO THE NATIONAL TOXICOLOGY PROGRAM). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/791305.

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Cohen, Roni, Kevin Crosby, Menahem Edelstein, John Jifon, Beny Aloni, Nurit Katzir, Haim Nerson, and Daniel Leskovar. Grafting as a strategy for disease and stress management in muskmelon production. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2004.7613874.bard.

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The overall objective of this research was to elucidate the horticultural, pathological, physiological and molecular factors impacting melon varieties (scion) grafted onto M. cannonballus resistant melon and squash rootstocks. Specific objectives were- to compare the performance of resistant melon germplasm (grafted and non-grafted) when exposed to M. cannoballus in the Lower Rio Grande valley and the Wintergarden, Texas, and in the Arava valley, Israel; to address inter-species relationships between a Monosporascus resistant melon rootstock and susceptible melon scions in terms of fruit-set, fruit quality and yield; to study the factors which determine the compatibility between the rootstock and the scion in melon; to compare the responses of graft unions of differing compatibilities under disease stress, high temperatures, deficit irrigation, and salinity stress; and to investigate the effect of rootstock on stress related gene expression in the scion. Some revisions were- to include watermelon in the Texas investigations since it is much more economically important to the state, and also to evaluate additional vine decline pathogens Didymella bryoniae and Macrophomina phaseolina. Current strategies for managing vine decline rely heavily on soil fumigation with methyl bromide, but restrictions on its use have increased the need for alternative management strategies. Grafting of commercial melon varieties onto resistant rootstocks with vigorous root systems is an alternative to methyl bromide for Monosporascus root rot/vine decline (MRR/VD) management in melon production. Extensive selection and breeding has already produced potential melon rootstock lines with vigorous root systems and disease resistance. Melons can also be grafted onto Cucurbita spp., providing nonspecific but efficient protection from a wide range of soil-borne diseases and against some abiotic stresses, but compatibility between the scion and the rootstock can be problematic. During the first year experiments to evaluate resistance to the vine decline pathogens Monosporascus cannonballus, Didymella bryoniae, and Macrophomina phaseolina in melon and squash rootstocks proved the efficacy of these grafted plants in improving yield and quality. Sugars and fruit size were better in grafted versus non-grafted plants in both Texas and Israel. Two melons (1207 and 124104) and one pumpkin, Tetsukabuto, were identified as the best candidate rootstocks in Texas field trials, while in Israel, the pumpkin rootstock RS59 performed best. Additionally, three hybrid melon rootstocks demonstrated excellent resistance to both M. cannonballus and D. bryoniae in inoculated tests, suggesting that further screening for fruit quality and yield should be conducted. Experiments with ABA in Uvalde demonstrated a significant increase in drought stress tolerance and concurrent reduction in transplant shock due to reduced transpiration for ‘Caravelle’ plants. In Israel, auxin was implicated in reducing root development and contributing to increased hydrogen peroxide, which may explain incompatibility reactions with some squash rootstocks. However, trellised plants responded favorably to auxin (NAA) application at the time of fruit development. Gene expression analyses in Israel identified several cDNAs which may code for phloem related proteins, cyclins or other factors which impact the graft compatibility. Manipulation of these genes by transformation or traditional breeding may lead to improved rootstock cultivars. Commercial applications of the new melon rootstocks as well as the ABA and TIBA growth regulators have potential to improve the success of grafted melons in both Israel and Texas. The disease resistance, fruit quality and yield data generated by the field trials will help producers in both locations to decide what rootstock/scion combinations will be best.
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Tuller, Markus, Asher Bar-Tal, Hadar Heller, and Michal Amichai. Optimization of advanced greenhouse substrates based on physicochemical characterization, numerical simulations, and tomato growth experiments. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2014.7600009.bard.

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Over the last decade there has been a dramatic shift in global agricultural practice. The increase in human population, especially in underdeveloped arid and semiarid regions of the world, poses unprecedented challenges to production of an adequate and economically feasible food supply to undernourished populations. Furthermore, the increased living standard in many industrial countries has created a strong demand for high-quality, out-of-season vegetables and fruits as well as for ornamentals such as cut and potted flowers and bedding plants. As a response to these imminent challenges and demands and because of a ban on methyl bromide fumigation of horticultural field soils, soilless greenhouse production systems are regaining increased worldwide attention. Though there is considerable recent empirical and theoretical research devoted to specific issues related to control and management of soilless culture production systems, a comprehensive approach that quantitatively considers all relevant physicochemical processes within the growth substrates is lacking. Moreover, it is common practice to treat soilless growth systems as static, ignoring dynamic changes of important physicochemical and hydraulic properties due to root and microbial growth that require adaptation of management practices throughout the growth period. To overcome these shortcomings, the objectives of this project were to apply thorough physicochemical characterization of commonly used greenhouse substrates in conjunction with state-of-the-art numerical modeling (HYDRUS-3D, PARSWMS) to not only optimize management practices (i.e., irrigation frequency and rates, fertigation, container size and geometry, etc.), but to also “engineer” optimal substrates by mixing organic (e.g., coconut coir) and inorganic (e.g., perlite, pumice, etc.) base substrates and modifying relevant parameters such as the particle (aggregate) size distribution. To evaluate the proposed approach under commercial production conditions, characterization and modeling efforts were accompanied by greenhouse experiments with tomatoes. The project not only yielded novel insights regarding favorable physicochemical properties of advanced greenhouse substrates, but also provided critically needed tools for control and management of containerized soilless production systems to provide a stress-free rhizosphere environment for optimal yields, while conserving valuable production resources. Numerical modeling results provided a more scientifically sound basis for the design of commercial greenhouse production trials and selection of adequate plant-specific substrates, thereby alleviating the risk of costly mistrials.
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Freeman, Stanley, and Daniel Legard. Epidemiology and Etiology of Colletotrichum Species Causing Strawberry Diseases. United States Department of Agriculture, September 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2001.7695845.bard.

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Diseases caused by Colletotrichum spp. are one of the most important limitations on international strawberry production, affecting all vegetative and fruiting parts of the plant. From 1995 to 1997, C. acutatum infections reached epidemic levels in Israeli strawberry nurseries, causing extensive loss of transplants in fruit-bearing fields and additional reductions in yield. Although C. acutatum also occurs on strawberry in Florida, recent crown rot epidemics have been primarily caused by C. gloeosporioides. Little is known about the basic epidemiology of these important diseases on strawberry. The source of initial inoculum for epidemics in Israel, Florida (other US states including California) and the rest of the world is not well understood. Subspecies relationships between Colletotrichum isolates that cause the different diseases on strawberry (i.e. attack different tissues) are also not well understood. Objectives of this proposal were to detennine the potential of infested soil, strawberry debris and other hosts as sources of primary inoculum for strawberry diseases caused by Colletotrichum spp. in Israel and Florida. In addition, traditional (ie. morphological characteristics, benomyl sensitivity, vegetative compatibility grouping) and DNA based methods were used to investigate the etiology of these diseases in order to resolve epidemiologically important subspecies variation. In Israel it was found that C. gloeosporioides and C. acutatum infecting strawberry could remain viable in sterilized soil for up to one year and in methyl-bromide fumigated soil for up to 4 months; inoculum in mummified fruit remained viable for at least 5 months under field conditions whereas that in infected crowns was not recovered. Therefore, the contribution of these inocula to disease epidemics should be considered. The host range and specificity of C. acutatum from strawberry was examined on pepper, eggplant, tomato, bean and strawberry under greenhouse conditions. The fungus was recovered from all plant species over a three-month period but caused disease symptoms only on strawberry. C. acutatum was also isolated from healthy looking, asymptomatic plants of the weed species, Vicia and Conyza, growing in infected strawberry fruiting fields. Isolates of C. acutatum originating from strawberry and anemone infected both plant species in artificial inoculations. The habitation of a large number of plant species including weeds by C. acutatum suggests that although it causes disease only on strawberry and anemone in Israel, these plants may serve as a potential inoculum source for strawberry infection and pennit survival of the pathogen between seasons. In Florida, isolates of Colletotrichum spp. from diseased strawberry fruit and crowns were evaluated to detennine their etiology and the genetic diversity of the pathogens. Only C. acutatum was recovered from fruit and C. gloeosporioides were the main species recovered from crowns. These isolates were evaluated at 40 putative genetic loci using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). Genetic analysis of RAPD markers revealed that the level of linkage disequilibrium among polymorphic loci in C. gloeosporioides suggested that they were a sexually reproducing population. Under field conditions in Florida, it was detennined that C. gloeosporioides in buried crowns survived
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