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Journal articles on the topic 'Methods of shield bonding'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 28 June 2021

Last updated: 29 July 2025

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1

Shi, Shoukun, Da Wang, Zhiyun Li, Yan Jiang, Jinchao Yue, and Yibin Huang. "Shear Performance of New-to-Old Concrete Under Different Interface Treatments." Coatings 15, no. 7 (2025): 805. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings15070805.

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In shield tunneling, ensuring bonding performance at new-to-old concrete interfaces between segments and linings is crucial for composite lining stability. While extensive research exists on the mechanical bonding behavior of such interfaces, comparative studies on two prevalent treatment methods—scabbling and grooving—remain limited. This study systematically evaluates these techniques’ effects on interfacial bonding via direct shear tests, benchmarking against smooth-interface specimens. Complementary cohesive zone modeling simulations further analyze stress distribution and damage evolution

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2

Dang, H. Kien, and Mohamed A. Meguid. "Application of a multilaminate model to simulate the undrained response of structured clay to shield tunnelling." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 45, no. 1 (2008): 14–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t07-066.

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A constitutive model based on the multilaminate framework has been implemented into a finite element program to investigate the effect of soil structure on the ground response to tunnelling. The model takes into account the elastic unloading–reloading, inherent and induced anisotropy, destructuration, and bonding effects. The model is successfully calibrated and used to investigate the undrained response of structured sensitive clay in the construction of the Gatineau tunnel in Gatineau, Quebec. Numerical results were compared to the field measurements taken during tunnel construction. To impr

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Lunca, Eduard, Silviu Vornicu, and Alexandru Sălceanu. "Numerical and Analytical Analysis of the Low-Frequency Magnetic Fields Generated by Three-Phase Underground Power Cables with Solid Bonding." Applied Sciences 13, no. 10 (2023): 6328. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13106328.

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There is a special concern for measuring and simulating low-frequency magnetic fields generated by underground power cables, particularly in human exposure studies. In the present study, an accurate 2D finite element model for computing magnetic fields generated by three-phase underground power cables with solid bonding is proposed. The model is developed in ANSYS Maxwell 2D low-frequency electromagnetic field simulation software for a typical 12/20 kV (medium-voltage) three-phase underground power cable in both trefoil and flat formations, but it can be adapted to any cable system. Model vali

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Ohkage, Masayuki, Kei-ichi Okuyama, Soichiro Hori, and Tsumugi Ishida. "Heat Shield Properties of Lightweight Ablator Series for Transfer Vehicle Systems with Different Laminated Structures Under High Enthalpy Flow Environments." Aerospace 12, no. 4 (2025): 281. https://doi.org/10.3390/aerospace12040281.

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The thermal protection system of a re-entry vehicle requires a high-heat-resistant heat shield to protect the spacecraft. Most of the ablative materials developed so far have high heat resistance but have technical issues such as long production times. In this study, we propose a new ablative material (LATS/PEEK) consisting of PEEK and carbon felt as a material that can solve these problems. PEEK has excellent properties such as a short production time and its ability to be produced using 3D printer technology. In addition, PEEK can be molded with a variety of fusion bonding methods, so it is

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5

Weinhold, Frank. "Anti-Electrostatic Pi-Hole Bonding: How Covalency Conquers Coulombics." Molecules 27, no. 2 (2022): 377. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27020377.

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Intermolecular bonding attraction at π-bonded centers is often described as “electrostatically driven” and given quasi-classical rationalization in terms of a “pi hole” depletion region in the electrostatic potential. However, we demonstrate here that such bonding attraction also occurs between closed-shell ions of like charge, thereby yielding locally stable complexes that sharply violate classical electrostatic expectations. Standard DFT and MP2 computational methods are employed to investigate complexation of simple pi-bonded diatomic anions (BO−, CN−) with simple atomic anions (H−, F−) or

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6

Ghanam, Muhannad, Frank Goldschmidtboeing, Thomas Bilger, Andreas Bucherer, and Peter Woias. "MEMS Shielded Capacitive Pressure and Force Sensors with Excellent Thermal Stability and High Operating Temperature." Sensors 23, no. 9 (2023): 4248. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23094248.

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In this paper, we present an innovative manufacturing process for the production of capacitive pressure and force sensors with excellent thermal stability for high-temperature applications. The sensors, which are manufactured from a stack of two silicon chips mounted via with gold–silicon (Au-Si) or aluminum–silicon (Al-Si) eutectic bonding, are shielded, miniaturized, and allow an operating temperature of up to 500 °C. Compared to conventional methods, the greatest benefit of the manufacturing process is that different sensor dimensions can be produced in the same batch for a wide measuring r

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7

Wang, Chang, Ian Rosbottom, Thomas D. Turner, et al. "Molecular, Solid-State and Surface Structures of the Conformational Polymorphic Forms of Ritonavir in Relation to their Physicochemical Properties." Pharmaceutical Research 38, no. 6 (2021): 971–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11095-021-03048-2.

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Abstract Purpose Application of multi-scale modelling workflows to characterise polymorphism in ritonavir with regard to its stability, bioavailability and processing. Methods Molecular conformation, polarizability and stability are examined using quantum mechanics (QM). Intermolecular synthons, hydrogen bonding, crystal morphology and surface chemistry are modelled using empirical force fields. Results The form I conformation is more stable and polarized with more efficient intermolecular packing, lower void space and higher density, however its shielded hydroxyl is only a hydrogen bond donor

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8

Pacek, D., P. Kolodziejczak, K. Grzelak, J. Torzewski, and P. Podgorzak. "The protective capability of the laser welded armour steel plates." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L: Journal of Materials: Design and Applications 234, no. 5 (2020): 711–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1464420720906429.

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Despite the intensive development of plastics and composite materials in the case of armours employed to protect vehicles, armour steel remains a material commonly and effectively used. This is especially evident in the base armour of armoured vehicles, where the body is made of welded armour steel plates. However, the area of joining both the weld and the heat affected zone are sensitive areas with the reduced protective capability. In the case of laser welding in comparison with methods such as shielded metal arc welding and gas metal arc welding, it is possible to narrow down the above ment

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9

Nemer, A. S. M., A. S. Brago, N. M. Razumov, E. V. Adzhieva, and S. N. Razumova. "Investigation of adhesive shear strength of universal adhesives for fixing ceramic braces." Medical alphabet, no. 30 (January 12, 2024): 14–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2023-30-14-18.

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Relevance. At the present stage, the choice of high-quality adhesive material is an important task of dentistry. The choice of the ideal adhesive material remains an urgent task to this day.The aim of the study was to study in laboratory conditions the adhesive shear strength for fixing ceramic braces of a universal adhesive system containing 3D-SR monomer (Universal Bond II (Tokuyama Dental)) and adhesive cement ESTECEM II PLUS (Tokuyama Dental) before and after thermal cycling, with and without the use of varnish.Materials and methods. For the preparation of samples, removed teeth without ca

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10

Kuang, Jianjun, Yuanqing Chen, Xiaofei Li, Wei Guo, Jia Li, and Yiqun Huang. "Assessment of Reinforcement Effect of FRP-Strengthened Shield Segment Joint Based on the CZM Model." Advances in Civil Engineering 2024 (May 9, 2024): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2024/8888139.

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As the weakest link in the shield segment, the reinforcement and repair technology of shield segment joint has received widespread attention. In this study, an finite element model utilizing a cohesive zone model (CZM) was constructed to simulate the mechanical behavior of the shield segment joint during the whole fracture process. The proposed modeling method of joint allows multiple layers of steel bars to be stacked without interference by applying cohesive elements. Cohesive elements were employed to represent the mechanical response of potential fracture surfaces in concrete, as well as t

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11

Guo, Yue, Jinke Yang, Hongxing Qi, Lingqiang Meng, and Jianjun Jia. "Measurement of Optical Path Difference of Point-Ahead Angle Mechanism with a Multi-Layer Thermal Insulated Equal-Arm Heterodyne Interferometer." Applied Sciences 15, no. 9 (2025): 4863. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15094863.

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In the detection of gravitational waves in space, during the science phase of the mission, the point-ahead angle mechanism (PAAM) serves to steer a laser beam to compensate for the angle generated by the relative motion of the two spacecrafts (SCs) during the approximately 10 s of flight time a laser beam will take from one SC to reach a distant SC of three million kilometers away. The Tilt-to-length (TTL) noise budget for the PAAM is constrained to less than 8 pm/Hz within the frequency range of 1 mHz to 1 Hz. This constraint requires that the measurement noise of the interferometer remains b

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12

Parmantier, J. P., I. Junqua, M. Ridel, and S. Bertuol. "Unified multiconductor transmission-line model of multiple-shields multiconductor cables: evaluation of shield connections performances." Advanced Electromagnetics 12, no. 1 (2023): 45–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.7716/aem.v12i1.1959.

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This paper presents a transmission-line model of a multiple-shields multiconductor cable. This unified model includes at the same time the propagation and cross-coupling characteristics of the electrical wires and of the cable-shields. It also includes the electromagnetic characteristics of the shields (in terms of transfer impedance and transfer admittance). It is derived in compliance with the multiconductor-transmission-line theory and it is valid whatever the connection configurations at the shield ends are. Therefore, it makes it possible the modelling of realistic connection problems ran

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13

Bayandin, M., and S. Kazitsin. "Features bonding process multilayer laminated shield pva adhesives." Актуальные направления научных исследований XXI века: теория и практика 3, no. 9 (2015): 18–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/16421.

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14

Bayandin, M. "Features bonding process multilayer laminated shield pva adhesives." Актуальные направления научных исследований XXI века: теория и практика 3, no. 9 (2015): 22–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/16853.

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15

Ramalingam, T., P. Srinivas Yadav, and S. Bhaskar. "Shell on shell bonding of composite heat shield." Materials Today: Proceedings 5, no. 13 (2018): 27155–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2018.09.025.

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16

Bayandin, M., and S. Eliseev. "Features bonding process multilayer laminated shield pva adhesives." Актуальные направления научных исследований XXI века: теория и практика 3, no. 2 (2015): 398–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/11124.

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17

Nie, Hong-bin, and Shuan-cheng Gu. "Ultimate Bearing Capacity Analysis of CFRP-Strengthened Shield Segments Using Bonding Slip Behavior Experiments." Materials 13, no. 18 (2020): 4200. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13184200.

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Shield segments of subway tunnels are often exposed to the combined actions of several hygrothermal factors that could lead to accidents such as water seepage and tunnel collapse. Further, they often break and deform owing to formation pressure. In addition, uncertainties related to the stress relaxation characteristics and bonding performance of carbon-fiber-reinforced plastics (CFRPs) under a hygrothermal environment make their application in subway systems difficult. This study analyzes the effects of the slip-on-bending strength of CFRP-strengthened shield segments in a hygrothermal enviro

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18

Anhar, Muh, and Betti Ses Eka Polonia. "The Effect Of Addition Of Limestone Powder And Gypsum As Isolator Media On Low Carbon Steel SMAW Welding." Journal of Applied Engineering and Technological Science (JAETS) 2, no. 2 (2021): 94–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.37385/jaets.v2i2.223.

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Metal connection due to heat with or without the influence of pressure or metallurgical bonds caused by attractive forces between atoms. DIN (Deutsche Industrie Normen) state that metallurgical bonding of metal or guide metal joints in a melted or liquid state. This study aims to determine the effect of limestone powder and gypsum as an insulating medium in SMAW (Shielded metal arc welding) welding. This study using experimental methods with SMAW welding. Welding metal cooled with limestone media has a harder hardness than gypsum and air media, which is limestone has a thermal conductivity val

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19

Cameli, Norma, Maria Mariano, Flavia Pigliacelli, Martina Silvestri, and Antonio Cristaudo. "Occupational Methacrylate Allergy in Dental Personnel." Allergies 1, no. 2 (2021): 123–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/allergies1020010.

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Purpose of the article: Acrylate and methacrylate (MA) use in the dental industry is widespread, being utilized in dental prostheses and composite resins, dentin bonding materials, and glass ionomers. However, occupational methacrylate allergy in dental personnel is a growing phenomenon. The aims of this retrospective observational study are to evaluate the risk of occupational contact dermatitis following exposure to methacrylates in dental personnel and to identify possible preventive measures. Materials and Methods: A total of 126 subjects exposed to acrylic and methacrylic resins in their

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20

Li, Run Jun, Ren Liang Shan, Yi Xiong Gui, Jin Zhong Yang, and Jian Liu. "Research on Key Technology of Shield Machine Main Drive Sealing." Applied Mechanics and Materials 580-583 (July 2014): 1081–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.580-583.1081.

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Due to poor bonding of a shield machine main drive leading to seal failure sealing fracture failure occurs, the proposed installation forms of adhesive sealing method is replaced by platen method, and seal material NBR replaced by a fluorine rubber, so that the combination of the housing seal is more reliable, avoiding the fracture caused by discontinuity of local sealing. Construction process increases the injection of three different oils enhancing the sealing effect. Through the application of practical project, no failure appears after sealing transformation.

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21

Kim, Kang Hyun, Hyeonil Park, Dong Jun Lee, Yong Nam Kwon, Namhyun Kang, and Jong-Hwa Hong. "One-Step Hybrid Bending/Diffusion Bonding Process and Analysis of the Bonding Characteristics of Titanium Alloy Sheets." Materials 16, no. 13 (2023): 4516. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16134516.

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A one-step hybrid bending/diffusion bonding process (HB/DBP) was developed for application to Ti-6Al-4V sheets to effectively improve buy-to-fly (BTF) ratio of aircraft parts, integrating sequential diffusion bonding followed by a bending process. The resulting bonding characteristics of these titanium alloy sheets were analyzed. Microstructural analysis and mechanical lap shear tests were performed to estimate the bonding quality. Additionally, bonding ratio, thickness strain, and shear strength were evaluated in relation to pressure under increasing temperature. When the applied pressure was

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22

Cheng, Maolin. "Analysis of machine learning-based applications for intelligent construction of shield tunnels." Applied and Computational Engineering 20, no. 1 (2023): 145–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/20/20231087.

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With the quick advancement of the level of information science in shield tunnel construction, the monitoring methods of shield equipment during tunnel boring work are increasingly improved and the recorded construction data includes not only information on the internal workings of the shield equipment, but also on its interaction with the external strata. Machine learning data analysis is powerful and has a wider range of applications and scope than traditional data analysis methods in the civil construction industry. Through the use of machine learning methods, the data and information collec

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23

Zhang, J., S. M. Hsu, and Y. F. Liew. "Nanolubrication: Patterned Lubricating Films Using Ultraviolet (UV) Irradiation on Hard Disks." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 7, no. 1 (2007): 286–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2007.18024.

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Nanolubrication is emerging to be the key technical barrier in many devices. One of the key attributes for successful device lubrication is self-sustainability using only several molecular layers. For single molecular species lubrication, one desires bonding strength and molecular mobility to repair the contact by diffusing back to the contact. One way to achieve this is the use of mask to shield the surface with a patterned surface texture, put a monolayer on the surface and induce bonding. Then re-deposit mobile molecules on the surface to bring the thickness back to the desired thickness. T

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24

Sabah, Rusul Saad, Zahraa S. Al-Garawi, and Mahmoud N. Al-jibouri. "The utilities of pyrazolines encouraged synthesis of a new pyrazoline derivative via ring closure of chalcone, for optimistic neurodegenerative applications." Al-Mustansiriyah Journal of Science 33, no. 1 (2022): 21–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.23851/mjs.v33i1.1067.

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Pyrazolines and their derivatives have been extensively studied as coordinated ligands of high potential applications in diverse chemical and biological systems. This work explores some methods of synthesis of pyrazolines, such as the preparation of pyrazole derivatives via chalcones. It also demonstrates that 2-pyrazoline complexes were biologically active and have had a range of clinical applications. Palladium (II) complex of pyrazole was active as antitumor when tested against murine mammary adenocarcinoma (LM3). Copper (II) and Cobalt (II) complex are biologically active in the living sys

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25

Sun, Lianwei, Zhong-chao Li, and Rong-zhu Liang. "Simplified Analytical Method for Predicting the Lateral Ground Displacements due to Shield Tunnelling." Advances in Civil Engineering 2021 (June 21, 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5524557.

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Earth pressure balance or slurry shield tunnelling will squeeze the subsoils and lead to lateral outward ground displacement. However, current methods to estimate the shield tunnelling-induced ground displacements generally use the methods based on the face unsupported tunnelling (e.g., New Austrian tunnelling and open shield excavation), which cannot predict the lateral ground movement due to shield tunnelling. In this paper, a novel simplified analytical method is proposed to predict the ground lateral displacement during the shield advancing process. The key shield tunnelling operation fact

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26

Lemmerer, Andreas, Lee Madeley, and Mark Smith. "Covalent Assistance to Supramolecular Synthesis." Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations and Advances 70, a1 (2014): C987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053273314090123.

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The similarity of crystal engineering to organic synthesis has been noted by Desiraju and many concepts and strategies have been successfully transferred. We aim to combine the two fields of research into one new concept called "Covalent Assistance to Supramolecular Synthesis". The supramolecular reagent isonicotinic acid hydrazide (isoniazid) is a promising molecule in the supramolecular synthesis of multi-component molecular complexes (Lemmerer at al., 2010). Due to the covalent reaction of the carbohydrazide functional group with simple ketones and aldehydes, the hydrogen bonding functional

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27

Yang, Weimin, Zhongdong Fang, Jing Wang, Diyang Chen, Yanhuan Zhang, and Xingzhi Ba. "Review on Vibration Monitoring and Its Application during Shield Tunnel Construction Period." Buildings 14, no. 4 (2024): 1066. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings14041066.

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With the rapid development of metro construction, shield machines inevitably have to traverse a variety of complex geological conditions, leading to the frequent occurrence of geological disasters, equipment failures, building vibration and other problems. Vibration, as an important feature of the shield tunneling process, has received more and more attention in recent years. This paper summarizes the relevant research progress of vibration monitoring during shield construction from 2015 to 2023. It analyzes the shield vibration generation mechanism, monitoring methods and application areas. F

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28

Rahmonov, A. "Distribution Diaspididae (Insecta) and Control Methods." Bulletin of Science and Practice, no. 6 (June 15, 2023): 90–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/91/10.

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Scale insects are major pests of crops and ornamental plants, with Diaspididae, Pseudococcidae, and Coccidae being the three most important families. They can cause economic damage by sucking sap, injecting poisons, and transmitting viruses. Mealybugs and soft scales may also cause indirect damage by excreting honeydew onto the plant surface. National phytosanitary services conduct active inspections for these insects, and morphological identification is achievable, but difficult. Diaspididae are a family of fast-breeding insects that suck plant sap and produce a sticky material called pad, wh

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29

Deng, Xiang Hao, and Bing Long Wang. "Analysis of Influence of Shield Tunneling Crossing underneath Intercity Railway and Shield Tunneling Parameters Optimization." Applied Mechanics and Materials 353-356 (August 2013): 1619–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.353-356.1619.

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In the construction process of shield tunneling crossing underneath a intercity railway, it is inevitable to bring a potential safety hazard to the safe operation of the railway. Determing how to evaluate the influence of shield tunneling crossing underneath the railway and how to reduce the influence level are urgent to be solved. Taking a Wuxi subway project cross beneath the intercity railway for example, through numerical simulation and on-site monitoring, the influence level and the best construction parameters for the shield construction have been obtained. Under the action of the most u

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30

Jiang, Long, and Shengyue Hao. "Resilience Evaluation of the Existing Shield Tunnel Lining Induced by the Symmetrical Excavation of Adjacent Foundation Pit Based on Numerical Simulations." Symmetry 14, no. 2 (2022): 229. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym14020229.

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It is very important to evaluate the structural behavior of shield tunnel lining reasonably to ensure the safe operation and maintenance of subway trains. In this paper, by virtue of the resilience theory, the resilience evaluation of the existing shield tunnel lining induced by the symmetrical excavation of adjacent foundation pit is conducted using the numerical simulation. Firstly, the structural behavior index of the shield tunnel lining is defined. Moreover, using the evolution of structural behavior index along with the symmetrical excavation steps of adjacent foundation pit, the calcula

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31

Han, Yuzhen, Xuyang Wang, Xiaofan Nie, Jizhong He, and Lianwei Zhang. "Forward solution of shield tunneling pose based on the Newton–Raphson method." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1333, no. 1 (2024): 012031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1333/1/012031.

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Abstract To achieve precise control of the shield tunneling pose, obtaining a real-time shield pose state during the excavation process is necessary to achieve closed-loop feedback control of the shield pose. This study proposes a forward solution method to address the high cost and low efficiency of direct measurement methods, such as using lasers and gyroscopes, for measuring shield pose. This method relies on the real-time measurement of the strokes of hydraulic thrust cylinders during shield tunneling. Based on the inverse kinematics of the shield machine, the Newton–Raphson method was use

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32

Jiang, Runkun, Lei Mei, and Q. M. Zhang. "An Epoxy Bonding Apparatus for Applications under Extreme Environment." MRS Advances 1, no. 21 (2016): 1525–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/adv.2016.147.

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ABSTRACTA number of electrical components and devices work in extreme environment such as high temperature, high pressure, strong vibration, corrosive chemicals, etc. A common practice to protect them is to shield them in materials that are mechanically and chemically resistant to these harsh conditions. In this scenario, epoxy bonding is preferred and it is crucial to have high bonding strength. One example is the acoustic transducers used in oil drilling. The temperature can reach 200 °C and the pressure can reach 140 MPa. The piezoelectric ceramic parts cannot withstand these conditions so

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33

Yang, Wenqi, Yong Ruan, and Zhiqiang Song. "The Effect of Metal Shielding Layer on Electrostatic Attraction Issue in Glass–Silicon Anodic Bonding." Micromachines 16, no. 1 (2024): 31. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi16010031.

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Silicon–glass anode bonding is the key technology in the process of wafer-level packaging for MEMS sensors. During the anodic bonding process, the device may experience adhesion failure due to the influence of electric field forces. A common solution is to add a metal shielding layer between the glass substrate and the device. In order to solve the problem of device failure caused by the electrostatic attraction phenomenon, this paper designed a double-ended solidly supported cantilever beam parallel plate capacitor structure, focusing on the study of the critical size of the window opening in

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34

Legkiy, N. M. "A study on an electromagnetic shield with carbon filler." MATEC Web of Conferences 329 (2020): 02040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202032902040.

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This article presents protective properties of an electromagnetic metal shield with the carbon black filler, as well compares its characteristics with ones that regular metal protective shield has. There are three methods to compare, namely the first is calculation, next one is simulation in CST software, and finally are experimental methods. The study results obtained with all three methods are the same. Therefore, after multiple comparison of the results obtained with two types of shields, we can say that the electromagnetic shield with the carbon filler has better shielding characteristics.

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35

Xu, Junhao. "Study on Shield Machine Technology." Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology 75 (December 28, 2023): 282–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/vth1qb53.

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The shield machine is a specialized construction equipment used for excavating tunnels, particularly in underground construction projects. The shield machine plays a pivotal role in modern engineering and construction, minimizing surface disruption and environmental impact. Shield machines can adapt to different geological conditions and project requirements, and efficiently excavate tunnels in various ground conditions, reducing construction time and costs. Shield machines improve worker safety by reducing risks associated with manual tunneling, and digging tunnels with high precision, crucia

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36

Michalkova, Lucia, and Katarina Frajtova Michalikova. "Is the Value of the New Business Tax Shield Lower? Comparative Study of International Valuation Methods." SHS Web of Conferences 74 (2020): 01022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20207401022.

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The macroeconomic environment has been characterized by strong GDP growth in recent years. The favourable conditions allow the growth of new innovative businesses (start-ups), which support multiplier economic development. New businesses are often unprofitable in the first years of existence; there is a higher probability of default. The issue of start-ups may be insufficient funding, high costs of financial distress and resulting low corporate value and unattractiveness for investors. The aim of this paper is to analyse and evaluate which of the existing methods of quantifying the debt tax sh

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37

Zhang, Shuaifa, Zhihua Gao, Sui Wang, Bin Chen, and Chaozeng Mao. "Study on the Seismic Response Characteristics of Shield Tunnels with Different General Segment Assembly Methods and Widths." Buildings 13, no. 8 (2023): 2039. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings13082039.

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Shield tunnels assembled with general ring segments are widely used in urban areas. Segment assembly methods and widths cause changes in the mechanical properties of the structure and influence the seismic response of shield tunnels. To investigate the influence of the assembly method and width of the general ring segment on the seismic performance of a shield tunnel, a three-dimensional refined soil–structure dynamic interaction finite element model of the shield tunnel was established based on ABAQUS, and the mechanical response and joint deformation of the general ring lining under seismic

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38

Zuo, Ying Hong, Jin Hui Zhu, Ying Long Tao, and Sheng Li Niu. "Comparative Study of Calculation Methods for Shield Thickness of Typical Materials against Gamma Rays." Materials Science Forum 960 (June 2019): 214–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.960.214.

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The paper aims to analyze the shielding properties of concrete and lead materials against gamma rays at different energies, and the relationships between the shield thickness of the two materials and gamma ray energy and attenuation factor have been obtained by using the method of attenuation multiple and the method of half-value-thickness, respectively. The results show that when the gamma ray energy and the attenuation factor are determined, the thickness of the concrete shield layer obtained by the method of attenuation multiple is greater than that obtained by the half-value-thickness meth

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Wang, Mei, Chenyue Zhao, Songsong Yang, and Jingmin Xu. "Optimizing Grouting Parameters to Control Ground Deformation in the Shield Tunneling." Buildings 14, no. 9 (2024): 2799. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings14092799.

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In urban shield tunneling, reducing the disturbance of underground construction to the surrounding environment is important for both tunnel engineers and researchers. Among other factors, the quality of synchronous grouting is one of the crucial factors affecting the safe construction of shields. In order to determine a reasonable grouting pressure and grout amount during shield construction, the relationships among synchronous grouting pressure, grout amount and shield chamber pressure are analyzed using field monitoring data. Based on the tunnel face pressure and the ultimate yield condition

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Zhu, Caihui. "Surface Settlement Analysis Induced by Shield Tunneling Construction in the Loess Region." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2021 (March 12, 2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5573372.

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The influence and prediction of shield tunneling construction on surface settlement (SS) and adjacent buildings is a hot topic in underground space engineering. In this work, several analytical methods are utilized to estimate the maximum surface settlement (MSS) and conduct a parametric sensitivity analysis based on Xi’an Metro line 2. The results show that there are mainly nine factors influencing the SS induced by shield tunneling construction in loess strata. The disturbance degree of the surrounding soil during the shield advancing stage has the largest influence on the SS, followed by th

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Andersen, Felicia Adelina Shannen, and Ridwan Mataram. "ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF MALE CIRCUMCISION TECHNIQUES: A LITERATURE REVIEW." Indonesian Journal of Urology 28, no. 1 (2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.32421/juri.v28i1.557.

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Objective: To compare the advantages and disadvantages of male circumcision techniques. The articles of male circumcision techniques were investigated from October 2018 to December 2018 through Google Scholar and Proquest. Material & Methods: There are various methods of circumcision, these methods can be grouped into two: using shield and clamp devices and conventional methods (dorsal slit and excision). Results: The result from this review article are the technique using shield and clamp devices such as the Smart Klamp have several advantages, that are minimal bleeding, rarely injuring t

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Gan, Junyan, Xue Zhang, Wei Zhang, et al. "Research Progress of Bonding Agents and Their Performance Evaluation Methods." Molecules 27, no. 2 (2022): 340. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27020340.

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Bonding agents are an important type of additive that are used to increase the interfacial interaction in propellants. A suitable bonding agent can prevent the dewetting between the oxidant and binder, and thus effectively improve the mechanical properties of the propellant. In the current paper, the bonding mechanisms and research progress of different types of bonding agents such as alcohol amine bonding agents, borate ester bonding agents, aziridine bonding agents, hydantoin bonding agents, neutral polymer bonding agents, and so on, are reviewed and discussed. The evaluation methods of thei

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Hong, Kai Rong, and Ren Hua Yang. "The Major Problems and Countermeasures on the Shield Machine Tunneling in the Hard Rock Stratum." Applied Mechanics and Materials 105-107 (September 2011): 1438–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.105-107.1438.

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With the rapid development of urban construction, the shield construction technology has been greatly developed. Shield tunneling method generally adapts to relatively uniform soil, soft rock and sand rock strata, and the shield tunnel construction has been more mature for the homogeneous strata. However, for the soft and hard interbedded strata, how to solve the problems of breaking the hard rock, increasing the tunneling efficiency and reducing the construction costs, are difficult problems in the shield tunnel construction. In this paper, based on a great deal of theoretical analyses and en

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Liu, Dejun, Yihao Guo, and Xiaoyun Yao. "Interfacial Behaviour of Shield Tunnel Segment Strengthened by Thin Plate at Inner Surface." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2022 (August 10, 2022): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7715844.

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The strength and stiffness of a shield tunnel segment can be improved significantly by bonding a steel plate at its inner surface. In this kind of strengthened segment, interface debonding is usually the controlling failure mode, and it strongly depends on the interfacial stresses of the adhesive layer between the segment and the steel plate. To deepen the understanding of the interfacial behaviour, this study proposes a three-dimensional fine finite element (FE) model regarding the interfacial stresses. An existing full-scale experimental result is then employed to confirm the feasibility and

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Wang, Qiuping, Wanli Li, Zhikuan Xu, and Yougang Sun. "Adaptive Recognition and Control of Shield Tunneling Machine in Soil Layers Containing Plastic Drainage Boards." Actuators 13, no. 12 (2024): 470. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/act13120470.

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The underground plastic vertical drains (PVDs) are a significant problem for shield machines in tunneling construction. At present, the main method to deal with PVDs is to manually adjust the parameters of the shield machine. To ensure that a shield machine autonomously recognizes and adjusts the control in soil layers containing PVDs, this study constructs a shield machine advance and rotation state-space model utilizing Bayesian decision theory for the judgment of excavation conditions. A Bayesian model predictive control (Bayes-MPC) method for the shield machine is proposed, followed by a s

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Sun, Hai Xia, Hai Yu Wu, and Si Li Chen. "Numerical Simulation on the Surface Subsidence Effect during Shield Tunneling Construction." Advanced Materials Research 299-300 (July 2011): 110–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.299-300.110.

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Against the background of shenyang subway shield tunnel construction, the method of numerical simulation methods are used to analyze the factors of surface subsidence caused by shield construction comprehensively, and the universal finite element program ABAQUS is used to establish mechanical model depended on comprehensive consideration the influence factors of soil warehouses pressure, seepage and groundwater. A dynamic finite element simulation of shield advance process and conclude the surface deformation rule of soil are studied.

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Zhang, Wencui, Jian Zhang, Jingru Yan, and Yaohong Zhu. "Selection of the Key Segment Position for Trapezoidal Tapered Rings and Calculation of the Range of Jack Stroke Differences with a Predetermined Key Segment Position." Advances in Civil Engineering 2021 (December 24, 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/3606389.

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It is generally accepted that selecting the key segment position for trapezoidal tapered rings and controlling the shield machine advancement are challenging tasks for shield tunneling projects. In this work, we propose a method for calculating the key segment position based on the shield tail gap, jack stroke difference, and lining trend. To calculate all possible key segment positions other than that corresponding to the straight joint configuration, the shield tail gap that remains after segment assembly and the jack stroke difference corresponding to the advancement of the segmental lining

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Tappouni, Rafel, and Bradley Mathers. "Scan Quality and Entrance Skin Dose in Thoracic CT: A Comparison between Bismuth Breast Shield and Posteriorly Centered Partial CT Scans." ISRN Radiology 2013 (November 26, 2013): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2013/457396.

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Objectives. To compare the effectiveness of the bismuth breast shield and partial CT scan in reducing entrance skin dose and to evaluate the effect of the breast shield on image quality (IQ). Methods. Nanodots were placed on an adult anthropomorphic phantom. Standard chest CT, CT with shield, and partial CT were performed. Nanodot readings and effective doses were recorded. 50 patients with chest CTs obtained both with and without breast shields were reviewed. IQ was evaluated by two radiologists and by measuring Hounsfield units (HUs) and standard deviation (SD) of HU in anterior subcutaneous

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Zhang, Yilei, Jianxun Ma, Dan Cheng, and Wenxiao Li. "Influence of Subway Shield Tunnel Construction on Ground Settlement." E3S Web of Conferences 276 (2021): 02003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202127602003.

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Shield construction has the advantages of stable driving speed, saving manpower, and being able to carry out construction in complex strata, which has been more and more widely used. In the process of shield construction, there is a gap between shield body and segment, which is easy to cause ground settlement when the grouting speed cannot keep up. This paper summarizes the common methods to predict the surface settlement, analyzes the causes of the settlement, and lists an engineering case to illustrate the factors affecting the surface settlement. Finally, it comes to the conclusion that the

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Cheng, Jianhua, Xiaolong Yang, Hui Wang, Hujun Li, Xuan Lin, and Yapeng Guo. "Evaluation of the Emergency Capability of Subway Shield Construction Based on Cloud Model." Sustainability 14, no. 20 (2022): 13309. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142013309.

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We aimed to enable an accurate assessment of the emergency capability of subway shield construction, and promote the construction of emergency capability of enterprises, so as to better guarantee the sustainable development of subway shield construction. In this paper, the cloud model is used to evaluate the emergency capability of subway shield construction. First, based on the emergency work of subway shield construction, this paper constructs an evaluation index system for the emergency capability of subway shield construction, with four first-grade indices and 23 second-grade indices. Seco

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