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Academic literature on the topic 'Méthodes interprétables'
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Journal articles on the topic "Méthodes interprétables"
VAILLANT-ROUSSEL, H., C. BLANCHARD, T. MENINI, E. CHARUEL, B. PEREIRA, F. NAUDET, B. KASSAI, et al. "PROJET REBUILD THE EVIDENCE." EXERCER 34, no. 190 (February 1, 2023): 81–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.56746/exercer.2023.190.81.
Full textFranke, William. "Psychoanalysis as a Hermeneutics of the Subject: Freud, Ricoeur, Lacan." Dialogue 37, no. 1 (1998): 65–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0012217300047594.
Full textHammad, Manar. "L'Université de Vilnius: exploration sémiotique de l’architecture et des plans." Semiotika 10 (December 22, 2014): 9–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/semiotika.2014.16756.
Full textDE ANGELIS, Rossana. "Qu’est-ce que veut dire interpréter dans le cadre d’une herméneutique (du) numérique ?" Des textes au sens. Ce que les innovations technologiques ne prouvent pas. 10, no. 3 (February 15, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.25965/interfaces-numeriques.4689.
Full textSerpantié, Georges, Maud Loireau, Brigitte Bastide, Cathy Clermont-Dauphin, Abdraime Sawadogo, Manaka Douanio, and Abdoul-Aziz Maiga. "Services mutuels entre arbres, cultures et élevage dans les parcs agroforestiers de la zone sub-humide du Burkina Faso." BASE, 2023, 145–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.25518/1780-4507.20445.
Full textYwaya, Ruthdol, and Brandi Newby. "Assessment of Empiric Vancomycin Regimen in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit." Canadian Journal of Hospital Pharmacy 72, no. 3 (June 25, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.4212/cjhp.v72i3.2901.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Méthodes interprétables"
Avalos, Marta. "Modèles additifs parcimonieux." Phd thesis, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00008802.
Full textLoiseau, Romain. "Real-World 3D Data Analysis : Toward Efficiency and Interpretability." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Marne-la-vallée, ENPC, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023ENPC0028.
Full textThis thesis explores new deep-learning approaches for modeling and analyzing real-world 3D data. 3D data processing is helpful for numerous high-impact applications such as autonomous driving, territory management, industry facilities monitoring, forest inventory, and biomass measurement. However, annotating and analyzing 3D data can be demanding. Specifically, matching constraints regarding computing resources or annotation efficiency is often challenging. The difficulty of interpreting and understanding the inner workings of deep learning models can also limit their adoption.The computer vision community has made significant efforts to design methods to analyze 3D data, to perform tasks such as shape classification, scene segmentation, and scene decomposition. Early automated analysis relied on hand-crafted descriptors and incorporated prior knowledge about real-world acquisitions. Modern deep learning techniques demonstrate the best performances but are often computationally expensive, rely on large annotated datasets, and have low interpretability. In this thesis, we propose contributions that address these limitations.The first contribution of this thesis is an efficient deep-learning architecture for analyzing LiDAR sequences in real time. Our approach explicitly considers the acquisition geometry of rotating LiDAR sensors, which many autonomous driving perception pipelines use. Compared to previous work, which considers complete LiDAR rotations individually, our model processes the acquisition in smaller increments. Our proposed architecture achieves accuracy on par with the best methods while reducing processing time by more than five times and model size by more than fifty times.The second contribution is a deep learning method to summarize extensive 3D shape collections with a small set of 3D template shapes. We learn end-to-end a small number of 3D prototypical shapes that are aligned and deformed to reconstruct input point clouds. The main advantage of our approach is that its representations are in the 3D space and can be viewed and manipulated. They constitute a compact and interpretable representation of 3D shape collections and facilitate annotation, leading to emph{state-of-the-art} results for few-shot semantic segmentation.The third contribution further expands unsupervised analysis for parsing large real-world 3D scans into interpretable parts. We introduce a probabilistic reconstruction model to decompose an input 3D point cloud using a small set of learned prototypical shapes. Our network determines the number of prototypes to use to reconstruct each scene. We outperform emph{state-of-the-art} unsupervised methods in terms of decomposition accuracy while remaining visually interpretable. We offer significant advantages over existing approaches as our model does not require manual annotations.This thesis also introduces two open-access annotated real-world datasets, HelixNet and the Earth Parser Dataset, acquired with terrestrial and aerial LiDARs, respectively. HelixNet is the largest LiDAR autonomous driving dataset with dense annotations and provides point-level sensor metadata crucial for precisely measuring the latency of semantic segmentation methods. The Earth Parser Dataset consists of seven aerial LiDAR scenes, which can be used to evaluate 3D processing techniques' performances in diverse environments.We hope that these datasets and reliable methods considering the specificities of real-world acquisitions will encourage further research toward more efficient and interpretable models
Bougrain, Laurent. "Étude de la construction par réseaux neuromimétiques de représentations interprétables : application à la prédiction dans le domaine des télécommunications." Nancy 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000NAN10241.
Full textArtificial neural networks constitute good tools for certain types of computational modelling (being potentially efficient, easy to adapt and fast). However, they are often considered difficult to interpret, and are sometimes treated as black boxes. However, whilst this complexity implies that it is difficult to understand the internal organization that develops through learning, it usually encapsulates one of the key factors for obtaining good results. First, to yield a better understanding of how artificial neural networks behave and to validate their use as knowledge discovery tools, we have examined various theoretical works in order to demonstrate the common principles underlying both certain classical artificial neural network, and statistical methods for regression and data analysis. Second, in light of these studies, we have explained the specificities of some more complex artificial neural networks, such as dynamical and modular networks, in order to exploit their respective advantages in constructing a revised model for knowledge extraction, adjusted to the complexity of the phenomena we want to model. The artificial neural networks we have combined (and the subsequent model we developed) can, starting from task data, enhance the understanding of the phenomena modelled through analysing and organising the information for the task. We demonstrate this in a practical prediction task for telecommunication, where the general domain knowledge alone is insufficient to model the phenomena satisfactorily. This leads us to conclude that the possibility for practical application of out work is broad, and that our methods can combine with those already existing in the data mining and the cognitive sciences
Condevaux, Charles. "Méthodes d'apprentissage automatique pour l'analyse de corpus jurisprudentiels." Thesis, Nîmes, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021NIME0008.
Full textJudicial decisions contain deterministic information (whose content is recurrent from one decision to another) and random information (probabilistic). Both types of information come into play in a judge's decision-making process. The former can reinforce the decision insofar as deterministic information is a recurring and well-known element of case law (ie past business results). The latter, which are related to rare or exceptional characters, can make decision-making difficult, since they can modify the case law. The purpose of this thesis is to propose a deep learning model that would highlight these two types of information and study their impact (contribution) in the judge’s decision-making process. The objective is to analyze similar decisions in order to highlight random and deterministic information in a body of decisions and quantify their importance in the judgment process
Nicolaï, Alice. "Interpretable representations of human biosignals for individual longitudinal follow-up : application to postural control follow-up in medical consultation." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris Cité, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021UNIP5224.
Full textIndividual longitudinal follow-up, which aims at following the evolution of an individual state in time, is at the heart of numerous public health issues, particularly in the field of medical prevention. The increasing availability of non-invasive sensors that record various biosignals (e.g., blood glucose, heart rate, eye movements), has encouraged the quantification of human physiology, sensorimotricity, or behavior with the purpose of deriving markers for individual follow-up. This objective raises however several challenges related to signal modelling. Indeed, this particular type of data is complex to interpret, and, a fortiori, to compare across time. This thesis studies the issue of extracting interpretable representations from biosignals through the problematic of balance control follow-up in medical consultation, which has crucial implications for the prevention of falls and frailty in older adults. We focus in particular on the use of force platforms, which are commonly used to record posturography measures, and can be easily deployed in the clinical setting thanks to the development of low cost platforms such as the Wii Balance Board. For this particular application, we investigate the pros and cons of using feature extraction methods or alternatively searching for a generative model of the trajectories. Our contributions include first the review and study of a wide range of state-of-the-art variables that are used to assess fall risk in older adults, derived from the center of pressure (CoP) trajectory. This signal is commonly analyzed in the clinical literature to infer information about balance control. Secondly, we develop a new generative model, ``Total Recall'', based on a previous stochastic model of the CoP, which has shown to reproduce several characteristics of the trajectories but does not integrate the dynamic between the CoP and the center of mass (CoM) -- a dynamic which is considered to be central in postural control. We also review and compare the main methods of estimation of the CoM in quiet standing and conclude that it is possible to obtain an accurate estimation using the Wii Balance Board. The results show the potential relevance of the Total Recall model for the longitudinal follow-up of postural control in a clinical setting. Overall, we highlight the benefit of using generative models, while pointing out the complementarity of features-based and generative-based approachs. Furthermore, this thesis is interested in introducing representations learned on labeled data and tailored for a particular objective of follow-up. We propose new classification algorithms that take advantage of a priori knowledge to improve performances while maintaining complete interpretability. Our approach relies on bagging-based algorithms that are intrinsically interpretable, and a model-space regularization based on medical heuristics. The method is applied to the quantification of fall risk and frailty. This dissertation argues for the importance of researching interpretable methods, designed for specific applications, and incorporating a-priori based on expert knowledge. This approach shows positive results for the integration of the selected biosignals and statistical learning methods in the longitudinal follow-up of postural control. The results encourage the continuation of this work, the further development of the methods, especially in the context of other types of follow-up such as continuous monitoring, and the extension to the study of new biosignals