Academic literature on the topic 'Méthodes d'apprentissage automatique multimodal'
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Journal articles on the topic "Méthodes d'apprentissage automatique multimodal"
Kessler, Rémy, Juan Manuel Torres-Moreno, and Marc El-Bèze. "Classification automatique de courriers électroniques par des méthodes mixtes d'apprentissage." Ingénierie des systèmes d'information 11, no. 2 (April 24, 2006): 93–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.3166/isi.11.2.93-112.
Full textLEE, Eunryoung. "Apprentissage progressif de l'écriture de traduction en équipe en utilisant les résultats de la traduction générée par l'intelligence artificielle." Societe d'Etudes Franco-Coreennes 103 (December 31, 2023): 81–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.18812/refc.2023.103.81.
Full textBOUKHELEF, Faiza. "Investigating Students’ Attitudes Towards Integrating Machine Translation in the EFL Classroom: The case of Google Translate." Langues & Cultures 5, no. 01 (June 30, 2024): 264–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.62339/jlc.v5i01.243.
Full textMouchabac, Stéphane, and Christian Guinchard. "Apport des méthodes d'apprentissage automatique dans la prédiction de la transition vers la psychose : quels enjeux pour le patient et le psychiatre ?" L'information psychiatrique 89, no. 10 (2013): 811. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/inpsy.8910.0811.
Full textMouchabac, Stéphane, and Christian Guinchard. "Apport des méthodes d'apprentissage automatique dans la prédiction de la transition vers la psychose : quels enjeux pour le patient et le psychiatre ?" L'information psychiatrique Volume 89, no. 10 (January 7, 2014): 811–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1684/ipe.2013.1131.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Méthodes d'apprentissage automatique multimodal"
Labbé, Etienne. "Description automatique des événements sonores par des méthodes d'apprentissage profond." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Toulouse (2023-....), 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024TLSES054.
Full textIn the audio research field, the majority of machine learning systems focus on recognizing a limited number of sound events. However, when a machine interacts with real data, it must be able to handle much more varied and complex situations. To tackle this problem, annotators use natural language, which allows any sound information to be summarized. Automated Audio Captioning (AAC) was introduced recently to develop systems capable of automatically producing a description of any type of sound in text form. This task concerns all kinds of sound events such as environmental, urban, domestic sounds, sound effects, music or speech. This type of system could be used by people who are deaf or hard of hearing, and could improve the indexing of large audio databases. In the first part of this thesis, we present the state of the art of the AAC task through a global description of public datasets, learning methods, architectures and evaluation metrics. Using this knowledge, we then present the architecture of our first AAC system, which obtains encouraging scores on the main AAC metric named SPIDEr: 24.7% on the Clotho corpus and 40.1% on the AudioCaps corpus. Then, subsequently, we explore many aspects of AAC systems in the second part. We first focus on evaluation methods through the study of SPIDEr. For this, we propose a variant called SPIDEr-max, which considers several candidates for each audio file, and which shows that the SPIDEr metric is very sensitive to the predicted words. Then, we improve our reference system by exploring different architectures and numerous hyper-parameters to exceed the state of the art on AudioCaps (SPIDEr of 49.5%). Next, we explore a multi-task learning method aimed at improving the semantics of sentences generated by our system. Finally, we build a general and unbiased AAC system called CONETTE, which can generate different types of descriptions that approximate those of the target datasets. In the third and last part, we propose to study the capabilities of a AAC system to automatically search for audio content in a database. Our approach obtains competitive scores to systems dedicated to this task, while using fewer parameters. We also introduce semi-supervised methods to improve our system using new unlabeled audio data, and we show how pseudo-label generation can impact a AAC model. Finally, we studied the AAC systems in languages other than English: French, Spanish and German. In addition, we propose a system capable of producing all four languages at the same time, and we compare it with systems specialized in each language
Liu, Li. "Modélisation pour la reconnaissance continue de la langue française parlée complétée à l'aide de méthodes avancées d'apprentissage automatique." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAT057/document.
Full textThis PhD thesis deals with the automatic continuous Cued Speech (CS) recognition basedon the images of subjects without marking any artificial landmark. In order to realize thisobjective, we extract high level features of three information flows (lips, hand positions andshapes), and find an optimal approach to merging them for a robust CS recognition system.We first introduce a novel and powerful deep learning method based on the ConvolutionalNeural Networks (CNNs) for extracting the hand shape/lips features from raw images. Theadaptive background mixture models (ABMMs) are also applied to obtain the hand positionfeatures for the first time. Meanwhile, based on an advanced machine learning method Modi-fied Constrained Local Neural Fields (CLNF), we propose the Modified CLNF to extract theinner lips parameters (A and B ), as well as another method named adaptive ellipse model. Allthese methods make significant contributions to the feature extraction in CS. Then, due tothe asynchrony problem of three feature flows (i.e., lips, hand shape and hand position) in CS,the fusion of them is a challenging issue. In order to resolve it, we propose several approachesincluding feature-level and model-level fusion strategies combined with the context-dependentHMM. To achieve the CS recognition, we propose three tandem CNNs-HMM architectureswith different fusion types. All these architectures are evaluated on the corpus without anyartifice, and the CS recognition performance confirms the efficiency of our proposed methods.The result is comparable with the state of the art using the corpus with artifices. In parallel,we investigate a specific study about the temporal organization of hand movements in CS,especially about its temporal segmentation, and the evaluations confirm the superior perfor-mance of our methods. In summary, this PhD thesis applies the advanced machine learningmethods to computer vision, and the deep learning methodologies to CS recognition work,which make a significant step to the general automatic conversion problem of CS to sound.The future work will mainly focus on an end-to-end CNN-RNN system which incorporates alanguage model, and an attention mechanism for the multi-modal fusion
Drosouli, Ifigeneia. "Multimodal machine learning methods for pattern analysis in smart cities and transportation." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Limoges, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024LIMO0028.
Full textIn the context of modern, densely populated urban environments, the effective management of transportation and the structure of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSs) are paramount. The public transportation sector is currently undergoing a significant expansion and transformation with the objective of enhancing accessibility, accommodating larger passenger volumes without compromising travel quality, and embracing environmentally conscious and sustainable practices. Technological advancements, particularly in Artificial Intelligence (AI), Big Data Analytics (BDA), and Advanced Sensors (AS), have played a pivotal role in achieving these goals and contributing to the development, enhancement, and expansion of Intelligent Transportation Systems. This thesis addresses two critical challenges within the realm of smart cities, specifically focusing on the identification of transportation modes utilized by citizens at any given moment and the estimation and prediction of transportation flow within diverse transportation systems. In the context of the first challenge, two distinct approaches have been developed for Transportation Mode Detection. Firstly, a deep learning approach for the identification of eight transportation media is proposed, utilizing multimodal sensor data collected from user smartphones. This approach is based on a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network and Bayesian optimization of model’s parameters. Through extensive experimental evaluation, the proposed approach demonstrates remarkably high recognition rates compared to a variety of machine learning approaches, including state-of-the-art methods. The thesis also delves into issues related to feature correlation and the impact of dimensionality reduction. The second approach involves a transformer-based model for transportation mode detection named TMD-BERT. This model processes the entire sequence of data, comprehends the importance of each part of the input sequence, and assigns weights accordingly using attention mechanisms to grasp global dependencies in the sequence. Experimental evaluations showcase the model's exceptional performance compared to state-of-the-art methods, highlighting its high prediction accuracy. In addressing the challenge of transportation flow estimation, a Spatial-Temporal Graph Convolutional Recurrent Network is proposed. This network learns from both the spatial stations network data and time-series of historical mobility changes to predict urban metro and bike sharing flow at a future time. The model combines Graph Convolutional Networks (GCN) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) Networks to enhance estimation accuracy. Extensive experiments conducted on real-world datasets from the Hangzhou metro system and the NY City bike sharing system validate the effectiveness of the proposed model, showcasing its ability to identify dynamic spatial correlations between stations and make accurate long-term forecasts
Jacques, Céline. "Méthodes d'apprentissage automatique pour la transcription automatique de la batterie." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUS150.
Full textThis thesis focuses on learning methods for automatic transcription of the battery. They are based on a transcription algorithm using a non-negative decomposition method, NMD. This thesis raises two main issues: the adaptation of methods to the analyzed signal and the use of deep learning. Taking into account the information of the signal analyzed in the model can be achieved by their introduction during the decomposition steps. A first approach is to reformulate the decomposition step in a probabilistic context to facilitate the introduction of a posteriori information with methods such as SI-PLCA and statistical NMD. A second approach is to implement an adaptation strategy directly in the NMD: the application of modelable filters to the patterns to model the recording conditions or the adaptation of the learned patterns directly to the signal by applying strong constraints to preserve their physical meaning. The second approach concerns the selection of the signal segments to be analyzed. It is best to analyze segments where at least one percussive event occurs. An onset detector based on a convolutional neural network (CNN) is adapted to detect only percussive onsets. The results obtained being very interesting, the detector is trained to detect only one instrument allowing the transcription of the three main drum instruments with three CNNs. Finally, the use of a CNN multi-output is studied to transcribe the part of battery with a single network
Condevaux, Charles. "Méthodes d'apprentissage automatique pour l'analyse de corpus jurisprudentiels." Thesis, Nîmes, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021NIME0008.
Full textJudicial decisions contain deterministic information (whose content is recurrent from one decision to another) and random information (probabilistic). Both types of information come into play in a judge's decision-making process. The former can reinforce the decision insofar as deterministic information is a recurring and well-known element of case law (ie past business results). The latter, which are related to rare or exceptional characters, can make decision-making difficult, since they can modify the case law. The purpose of this thesis is to propose a deep learning model that would highlight these two types of information and study their impact (contribution) in the judge’s decision-making process. The objective is to analyze similar decisions in order to highlight random and deterministic information in a body of decisions and quantify their importance in the judgment process
Théveniaut, Hugo. "Méthodes d'apprentissage automatique et phases quantiques de la matière." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020TOU30228.
Full textMy PhD thesis presents three applications of machine learning to condensed matter theory. Firstly, I will explain how the problem of detecting phase transitions can be rephrased as an image classification task, paving the way to the automatic mapping of phase diagrams. I tested the reliability of this approach and showed its limits for models exhibiting a many-body localized phase in 1 and 2 dimensions. Secondly, I will introduce a variational representation of quantum many-body ground-states in the form of neural-networks and show our results on a constrained model of hardcore bosons in 2d using variational and projection methods. In particular, we confirmed the phase diagram obtained independently earlier and extends its validity to larger system sizes. Moreover we also established the ability of neural-network quantum states to approximate accurately solid and liquid bosonic phases of matter. Finally, I will present a new approach to quantum error correction based on the same techniques used to conceive the best Go game engine. We showed that efficient correction strategies can be uncovered with evolutionary optimization algorithms, competitive with gradient-based optimization techniques. In particular, we found that shallow neural-networks are competitive with deep neural-networks
Qiu, Danny. "Nouvelles méthodes d'apprentissage automatique pour la planification des réseaux mobiles." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023IPPAS010.
Full textMobile connectivity is an important driver of our societies, which is why mobile data consumption has continued to grow steadily worldwide. To avoid global congestion, mobile network operators are bound to evolve their networks.Mobile networks are strengthened through the deployment of new base stations and antennas. As this task is very expensive, a great attention is given to identifying cost-effective and competitive deployments.In this context, the objective of this thesis is to use machine learning to improve deployment decisions.The first part of the thesis is dedicated to developing machine learning models to assist in the deployment of base stations in new locations. Assuming that network knowledge for an uncovered area is unavailable, the models are trained solely on urban fabric features.At first, models were simply trained to estimate the class of major activity of a base station.Subsequently, this work was extended to predict the typical hourly profile of weekly traffic. Since the train time could be long, several methods for reducting mobile data have been studied.The second part of the thesis focuses on the deployment of new cells to increase the capacity of existing sites. For this purpose, a cell coverage model was developed by deriving the Voronoi diagram representing the coverage of base stations.The first study examined the spectrum refarming of former generations of mobile technology for the deployment of the newest generations.Models are trained to assist in prioritizing capacity additions on sectors that can benefit from the greatest improvement in resource availability.The second study examined the deployment of a new generation of mobile technology, considering two deployment strategies: driven by profitability or by the improvement of the quality of service.Therefore, the methods developed in this thesis offer ways to train models to predict the connectivity demand of a territory as well as its evolution. These models could be integrated into a geo-marketing tool, as well as providing useful information for network dimensioning
Kopinski, Thomas. "Méthodes d'apprentissage pour l'interaction homme-machine." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLY002.
Full textThis thesis aims at improving the complex task of hand gesture recognition by utilizing machine learning techniques to learn from features calculated from 3D point cloud data. The main contributions of this work are embedded in the domains of machine learning and in the human-machine interaction. Since the goal is to demonstrate that a robust real-time capable system can be set up which provides a supportive means of interaction, the methods researched have to be light-weight in the sense that descriptivity balances itself with the calculation overhead needed to, in fact, remain real-time capable. To this end several approaches were tested:Initially the fusion of multiple ToF-sensors to improve the overall recognition rate was researched. It is examined, how employing more than one sensor can significantly boost recognition results in especially difficult cases and get a first grasp on the influence of the descriptors for this task as well as the influence of the choice of parameters on the calculation of the descriptor. The performance of MLPs with standard parameters is compared with the performance of SVMs for which the parameters have been obtained via grid search.Building on these results, the integration of the system into the car interior is shown. It is demonstrated how such a system can easily be integrated into an outdoor environment subject to strongly varying lighting conditions without the need for tedious calibration procedures. Furthermore the introduction of a modified light-weight version of the descriptor coupled with an extended database significantly boosts the frame rate for the whole recognition pipeline. Lastly the introduction of confidence measures for the output of the MLPs allows for more stable classification results and gives an insight on the innate challenges of this multiclass problem in general.In order to improve the classification performance of the MLPs without the need for sophisticated algorithm design or extensive parameter search a simple method is proposed which makes use of the existing recognition routines by exploiting information already present in the output neurons of the MLPs. A simple fusion technique is proposed which combines descriptor features with neuron confidences coming from a previously trained net and proves that augmented results can be achieved in nearly all cases for problem classes and individuals respectively.These findings are analyzed in-depth on a more theoretical scale by comparing the effectiveness of learning solely on neural activities in the output layer with the previously introduced fusion approach. In order to take into account temporal information, the thesis describes a possible approach on how to exploit the fact that we are dealing with a problem within which data is processed in a sequential manner and therefore problem-specific information can be taken into account. This approach classifies a hand pose by fusing descriptor features with neural activities coming from previous time steps and lays the ground work for the following section of making the transition towards dynamic hand gestures. Furthermore an infotainment system realized on a mobile device is introduced and coupled with the preprocessing and recognition module which in turn is integrated into an automotive setting demonstrating a possible testing environment for a gesture recognition system.In order to extend the developed system to allow for dynamic hand gesture interaction a simplified approach is proposed. This approach demonstrates that recognition of dynamic hand gesture sequences can be achieved with the simple definition of a starting and an ending pose based on a recognition module working with sufficient accuracy and even allowing for relaxed restrictions in terms of defining the parameters for such a sequence
Saldana, Miranda Diego. "Méthodes d'apprentissage automatique pour l'aide à la formulation : Carburants Alternatifs pour l'Aéronautique." Paris 6, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA066346.
Full textAlternative fuels and biofuels are a viable and attractive answer to problems associated to the current widespread use of conventional fuels in vehicles. One interesting aspect of alternative fuels is that the range of possible chemical compounds is large due to their diverse biological origins. This aspect opens up the possibility of creating “designer fuels”, whose chemical compositions are tailored to the specifications of the fuel being replaced. In this regard, it would be interesting to develop accurate predictive methods capable of instantaneously estimating a fuel’s physico-chemical properties based solely on its chemical composition and structures of its components. In this PhD work, we have investigated the application of machine learning methods to estimate properties such as flash point, enthalpy of combustion, melting point, cetane number, density and viscosity for families of compounds and mixtures similar to those found in biofuels: hydrocarbons and oxygenated compounds. During the first part of this work, machine learning models of pure compound properties were developed. During the second part mixtures have been examinated, two types of approaches were investigated: (1) the direct application of machine learning methods to mixture property data; (2) the use of the previously developed pure compound property models in combination with theoretically based mixing rules. It was found that machine learning methods, especially support vector machine methods, were an effective way of creating accurate and robust models. It was further found that, in the absence of sufficiently large or representative datasets, the use of mixing rules in combination with machine learning is a viable option. Overall, a number of accurate, robust and fast property estimation methods have been developed as a means to guide the formulation of alternative fuels
Dupas, Rémy. "Apport des méthodes d'apprentissage symbolique automatique pour l'aide à la maintenance industrielle." Valenciennes, 1990. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/7ab53b01-cdfb-4932-ba60-cb5332e3925a.
Full textBook chapters on the topic "Méthodes d'apprentissage automatique multimodal"
ATIEH, Mirna, Omar MOHAMMAD, Ali SABRA, and Nehme RMAYTI. "IdO, apprentissage profond et cybersécurité dans la maison connectée : une étude." In Cybersécurité des maisons intelligentes, 215–56. ISTE Group, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.51926/iste.9086.ch6.
Full textReports on the topic "Méthodes d'apprentissage automatique multimodal"
Lacroix, Guy, and William Arbour. Renoncer à la liberté. Comprendre les choix des détenus en matière de libération conditionnelle. CIRANO, February 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.54932/wjjb9944.
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