Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Méthode sismique-réflexion'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Méthode sismique-réflexion.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
Billette, Frédéric. "Estimation de macro-modèles de vitesse en sismique réflexion par stéréotomographie." Paris 7, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA077183.
Full textDuval, Anne-Marie. "Détermination de la réponse d'un site aux séismes à l'aide du bruit de fond : évaluation expérimentale." Paris 6, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA066559.
Full textIooss, Bertrand. "Tomographie statistique en sismique réflexion : estimation d'un modèle de vitesse stochastique." ENSMP, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ENMP0827.
Full textGuerchaoui, Atman. "Etude comparative des principales méthodes de déconvolution en prospection sismique." Grenoble INPG, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988INPG0041.
Full textRosec, Olivier. "Déconvolution aveugle multicapteur en sismique réflexion marine très haute résolution." Brest, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BRES2014.
Full textMohamed-Saleck, Fatimetou. "Inversion sismique par une méthode multi-échelles." Paris 9, 1994. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1994PA090018.
Full textBazelaire-Dussau, Céline de. "Les distorsions d'indicatrices de réflexion en sismique 3D azimutale." Pau, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PAUU3030.
Full textDietrich, Michel. "Modélisation, traitements et inversion de profils de sismique marine." Brest, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990BRES2011.
Full textPi, Alperin Juan Martin. "Apport d'une expérience de sismique mer-terre à la reconnaissance de la croûte sous le rift de Corinthe." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2005. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2005/PI_ALPERIN_Juan_Martin_2005.pdf.
Full textOn July 2001 the R/V Maurice Ewing carried out a reflection seismic campaign to study the mechanics of continental extension of the crust under the rift of Corinth. Two land seismic spreads installed on the shoulders of the rift recorded the seismic shots made on the sea for offsets between 2 km and 65 km. To study the structure of the continental crust, these offsets are between reflection seismics, under quasi-vertical incidence, and wide-angle seismics under incidence greater than the critical one. The first result came after the study of the refracted waves observed as first arrivals for profiles inline with the land spreads. The arrivals times of the refracted waves observed on the Derveni spray were adjusted with a 15º north-dipping interface between block faulted carbonates of 4. 3 km/s velocity and the basement of 6 km/s velocity. The image obtained by time-migration of the traces down to the emerging point of the refracted waves beneath the Derveni array is in agreement with the detachment geometry proposed to explain the tilted blocs formation based on geological arguments. Reflections coming from the deep crust, the Moho and beneath the Moho were recorded with the receivers of the Derveni array installed south of the Xylocastro fault for shots located on the north-west tip of the Gulf. The analysis of these reflections put in evidence: a 26 km depth interface showing a layered deep crust, a 38 km deep reflection corresponding to Moho showing a consistent 10 dB peak in amplitude on curves of amplitude decay versus time and finally a 60 km depth reflection showing the presence of the African plate under the Rift
Lambaré, Gilles. "Inversion linéarisée de données de sismique réflexion par une méthode quasi-newtonienne." Paris 7, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA077240.
Full textSartoretti, Mathieu. "Inversion interactive, et caractérisation des incertitudes structurales en milieux géologiques complexes, à partir de données de sismique réflexion." Pau, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PAUU3020.
Full textComplex medium bring up limitations in seismic processing and imaging techniques. These can bias the determination of a structural representation of the subsurface. We propose an interactive methodology to determine a structural representation, quantitatively validated by the seismic data, and constrained by interpretative considerations coming from the operator's knowledge. The data are used as reference. We use forward operators of seismic simulation to generate synthetic data from prior structural representation. The efficiency of our operators allows to perform this operation systematically, and to explore interactively the model space, selecting model representations that are consistent with the data. We have the possibility to validate model representations, quantify their uncertainties, and refine prior structural representations in an interactive structural inversion process. The presented tools and methodologies are illustrated with real data examples in complex contexts
Assous, Franck. "Identification de milieux élastiques 1-D dans les équations de l'élastodynamique à deux dimensions." Paris 9, 1989. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1989PA090035.
Full textDouzi, Hassan. "Construction des bases multi-échelles et application à l'estimation des paramètres en sismique : identification de milieux plans stratifiés par la méthode de l'impédance de surface équivalente." Paris 9, 1992. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1992PA090039.
Full textLeonard, Christelle. "Détection des cavités souterraines par sismique réflexion haute résolution et par impact - écho." Lille 1, 2000. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2000/50376-2000-1.pdf.
Full textNsiri, Benayad. "Identification et Déconvolution aveugle : Application aux signaux de sismique-réflexion sous-marine." Brest, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BRES2022.
Full textIn seismic deconvolution, a blind approach must be considered when the reflectivity sequence, the source wevelet signal and the noise power level are unknown. Blind deconvolution aims to determine the wavelet source and the reflectivity sequence. In this thesis, we mainly focused our work on blind deconvolution in the maximum likelihood and a posterior via SEM algorithm and Bayesian approach using MCMC method. A well-known difficulty is the sensitivity of these algorithms to the wavelet initialization. A new methods is proposed to solve this problem. It consists in detecting the wavelet local optima, before using the maximum kurtosis criterion in order to choose the wavelet global optimum. In some experiments of practical interest where the wavelet is quite long, wavelet estimators generally have high variances. We propose a new method that overcomes this problem within the framework of classical blind deconvolution techniques. In this context, a two-step approach is proposed
Elmi, Farhad. "Détermination des propriétés des sols marins par reconnaissance géophysique et géotechnique : intégration totale des données." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003ECAP0932.
Full textVansteelant, Marie-Lise. "La vacuité des sédiments biogènes carbonatés : morphologie, granulométrie et relation avec les réflecteurs sismiques : application à deux forages océaniques (DSDP 586- ODP 709)." Brest, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989BRES2019.
Full textRenard, François. "Inversion de données sismiques : prise en compte de la nature corrélée du bruit." Montpellier 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MON20014.
Full textPellé, Laure. "Inversion linéarisée simultanée des réflexions primaires et des réflexions multiples." Montpellier 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MON20202.
Full textCognet, Jean-Marc. "Inversion sismique : identification du signal source et modélisation des réflexions multiples." Paris 9, 2001. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2001PA090016.
Full textDuffet, Carole. "Quelle confiance accorder au modèle solution de la tomographie de réflexion 3D ?" Montpellier 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MON20222.
Full textJiang-Levesque, Bei-Feng. "Étude du problème inverse linéarisé dans l'équation des ondes acoustiques à deux dimensionsÉtude mathématique d'un problème inverse de l'équation des ondes à une dimension dans un cas particulier." Paris 11, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA112029.
Full textOne of the advantages of seismic inversion methods for petroleum exploration is the potential quantitative evaluation of the distributed parameters (propagation velocity, acoustic impedance) characterizing subsurface formations. Such methods are particularly attractive for detecting stratigraphic traps, which can be recognized by a lateral variation in these parameters. In this way, such methods yield a substantial improvement in conventional prestack migrations which only provide images of heterogeneities. Among inversion methods, linearized inversion is arousing great interest because of the simplifications it brings to computing. The disadvantage of this approach stems from the difficulty in finding of a so-called reference medium that is sufficiently close to the actual unknown medium to justify the linearization. The first chapter of this work aims at a better understanding of the linearized forward problem and attempts to answer the following question: In what way must the reference medium be close to the exact medium for the linearization to be justified? Which of the parameters for the linearization are tolerant with regard to defects in the reference medium? The second chapter of the work examines numerically the 2-D linearized inverse problem and analyses how errors resulting from the linearization can influence the solution of the problem. Numerical experiments show the effectiveness of the linearized inversion; more specifically it allows a quantitative identification of the heterogeneities, as well as nonlinear inversion, when the reference medium approximates accurately the velocity of the actual medium. With a cruder reference medium the quantitative identification of the heterogeneities is no more possible, but the linearized inversion yields a better imaging as compared to prestack migration
Nguyen, Sylvain Laurent. "Imagerie par sismique réflexion : utilisations de la pente des données dans la migration de profondeur." Paris, ENMP, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003ENMP1177.
Full textSeismic reflection methods are based on the surface records of the seismic waves reflected on the discontinuities in the studied media. The seismic depth processing has two parts: the estimation of the velocities of the waves propagation, and then the depth migration repositions the reflectors. The velocity model is crucial for the quality of the migrated image. The tomography evaluates it using traveltimes picked in the seismic data. An extension of the tomography has been proposed for improving this picking: slope tomography which takes into account the local slope of the recorded reflection events without going along the entire reflectors in the data. Two technics of slope tomography been developped at the Ecole des Mines de Paris: Stereotomography and MVA (Migration Velocity Analysis). The first one has one picking process in the data, before an iterative optimization of the velocities. The MVA works with slopes obtained in the migrated domain, where the picking process is easier (better signal to noise ratio). But in this case, the picking occurs at each iteration. My purpose was to provide a technic of depth picking for the Stereotomography. I firstly studied the aliasing of the migration, which may imply some wrong picked events if it is not filtered. Moreover, I demonstrate that the slopes in the anti-aliasing filters lead to a more accurate focusing. Secondly, this work presents a quantitative method providing a tomographic picking data set in the migrated domain. Thus, I demonstrate a method based on a migration of attributes, whatever the velocity model is, which provides the locally coherent events for Stereotomography. Two real data applications
Mear, Yann. "Outils pour l'acquisition de données sismiques, réflexion haute résolution." Perpignan, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PERP0136.
Full textMoreaux, David. "Localisation de cavités souterraines par réflexion sismique haute résolution : étude numérique, étude de terrain." Lille 1, 1997. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1997/50376-1997-35.pdf.
Full textForgues, Éric. "Inversion linéarisée multi-paramètres via la théorie des rais (application aux données de sismique réflexion de surface)." Paris 7, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA077057.
Full textLarue, Anthony. "Blancheur et non-gaussianité pour la déconvolution aveugle de données bruitées : application aux signaux sismiques." Grenoble INPG, 2006. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00097161.
Full textThis thesis deals with the blind deconvolution of noisy data. We consider the case of seismic data. The inversion of the model need to select higher order statistics according to the distribution of the signals. To solve that, we use the assumptions of whiteness or of nongaussianity. We propose blind déconvolution algorithm in time domain and frequency domain. We measure whiteness by mutual information rate and nongaussianity with the negentropy. Afterwards, we study the sensitivity of the different algorithm with respect to a white Gaussian additive on the data. Theoretically and in practice on real and synthetic data, non-gaussianity appears as the method which provides the better trade off between déconvolution quality and noise amplification
Mahieux, Geoffroy. "Etude de l'enregistrement stratigraphique par sismique haute résolution." Lille 1, 2000. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2000/50376-2000-64.pdf.
Full textLeleu, Claire. "Sismique très haute résolution tri-dimensionnelle : identification de la position du dispositif d'acquisition par une reformulation en temps." Paris 9, 2001. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2001PA090021.
Full textToqeer, Muhammad. "Caractérisation de réservoir carbonaté par sismique réflexion 3D haute résolution." Thesis, Pau, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PAUU3005/document.
Full textContinuous water extraction and intrusion of salt water in the coastal aquifer of the islandof Mallorca (Spain) is depleting the fresh water aquifers. In 2002 a project named ALIANCE,funded by European Union, was initiated for better reservoir characterization and to devisethe sustainable management plan of the water resources in coastal aquifers suffering from salt water intrusion. For this purpose an experimental site near the Campos town on the island of Mallorca (Spain) was developed. Several wells on the site were drilled and cored. Extensive studies are carried out to characterize the reservoir by studying the well cores. Different geophysical tomographic studies are also carried out for these drilled wells in the saturated zone. Laboratory study of cores, petrophysical studies and several tomographic studies were helpful to construct the reservoir porosity system and other reservoir properties. But these all studies are restricted to saturated zone and in the vicinity of the wells. High resolution 3D seismic survey is carried out on this site to locate the different characteristic reflectors, their spatial presence over the area and reservoir heterogeneity in the unsaturated zone. Seismic data acquisition and processing for the shallow surveys is a difficult task due to number of factors including logistic and technical. Nonetheless high resolution 3D seismic survey is acquired with optimized parameters to image the required zone. Different data processing strategies are applied to get a noise free high resolution image. A technique for static correction calculation based on the delay time inversion is developed.Energy penetration in the subsurface was hampered due to carbonate rock nature and forced generation of Rayleigh waves. The processing of the seismic data was difficult due to overwhelming high amplitude Rayleigh waves that are generated partly due to use of the surface source and partly due to the small scale heterogeneities. Rayleigh wave muting is performed to obtain the meaningful image. Due to heterogeneities, attenuation of high frequency content of the signals and impedance contrast of the underlying layers result in interference. Different seismic attributes are extracted and used for reservoir characterization. From the interpretation of data it is evident that even for this small area the shape of the main reflector varies considerably in the area. Seismic attributes reveal karsts and other structural heterogeneities in the area
Alerini, Mathias. "Imagerie sismique en profondeur de données OBC via la théorie des rais en milieu isotrope." Paris, ENMP, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002ENMP1100.
Full textMenier, David. "Morphologie et remplissage des vallées fossiles sud-armoricaines : apports de la stratigraphie sismique." Lorient, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003LORIS025.
Full textKhalid, Perveiz. "Effects on seismic properties of thermoelastic relaxation and liquid/vapor phase transition." Pau, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PAUU3002.
Full textTwo fluid-related sources of seismic attenuation and velocity dispersion are examined: thermal relaxation, which originates from the contrasted temperature variations in the rockforming minerals and in the saturating fluid at the passage of the pressure wave, and the liquid-vapor phase transition in partially saturated rocks, which consists in vapor condensation at pressure peaks and liquid vaporization at pressure troughs. An analysis of the relaxation times shows that these processes are relevant in the seismic frequency band and drive the effective fluid compressibility towards values higher than the unrelaxed values commonly adopted in practice, namely the adiabatic fluid compressibility in the first case, and Wood’s average of liquid and gas compressibilities in the second case. Under full thermal relaxation between fluid and mineral, i. E. , at low enough frequency, the effective fluid compressibility is equal to the average of the fluid adiabatic and isothermal compressibilities weighted respectively by the heat capacities of the fluid and the mineral. On the other hand, at the crossing of bubble point conditions, there is in the low-frequency or thermodynamic limit a discontinuous variation in fluid compressibility, whereas Wood’s average varies sharply but continuously. These features, analysed first by Landau and Lifshitz for pure fluids, hold for reservoir fluids as well. In these two relaxation processes, the difference in fluid bulk modulus between the unrelaxed and relaxed regimes, which is directly related to P-wave velocity dispersion, can be as large as 0. 5–1 GPa, depending on the fluid type and gas saturation
Coudert, Laurent. "Apports de la sismique et des diagraphies différées à l'étude stratigraphique du bassin tertiaire du Chaco de Bolivie (Rio Grande-Parapeti) : traitements statistiques et modélisations." Bordeaux 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BOR10533.
Full textLavaud, Benoît f19. "Approximations paraxiales pour l'inversion acoustique." Paris 9, 1998. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1998PA090076.
Full textIrnaka, Theodosius Marwan. "3D elastic full waveform inversion for subsurface characterization.Study of a shallow seismic multicomponent field data." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021GRALU004.
Full textFull Waveform Inversion (FWI) is an iterative data fitting procedure between the observed data and the synthetic data. The synthetic data is calculated by solving the wave equation. FWI aims at reconstructing the detailed information of the subsurface physical properties. FWI has been rapidly developed in the past decades, thanks to the increase of the computational capability and the development of the acquisition technology. FWI also has been applied in a broad scales including the global, lithospheric, crustal, and near surface scale.In this manuscript, we investigate the inversion of a multicomponent source and receiver near-surface field dataset using a viscoelastic full waveform inversion algorithm for a shallow seismic target. The target is a trench line buried at approximately 1 m depth. We present the pre-processing of the data, including a matching filter correction to compensate for different source and receiver coupling conditions during the acquisition, as well as a dedicated multi-step workflow for the reconstruction of both P-wave and S-wave velocities. Our implementation is based on viscoelastic modeling using a spectral element discretization to accurately account for the wave propagation's complexity in this shallow region. We illustrate the inversion stability by starting from different initial models, either based on dispersion curve analysis or homogeneous models consistent with first arrivals. We recover similar results in both cases. We also illustrate the importance of taking into account the attenuation by comparing elastic and viscoelastic results. The 3D results make it possible to recover and locate precisely the trench line in terms of interpretation. They also exhibit another trench line structure, in a direction forming an angle at 45 degrees with the direction of the targeted trench line. This new structure had been previously interpreted as an artifact in former 2D inversion results. The archaeological interpretation of this new structure is still a matter of discussion.We also perform three different experiments to study the effect of multicomponent data on this FWI application. The first experiment is a sensitivity kernel analysis of several wave packets (P-wave, S-wave, and surface wave) on a simple 3D model based on a Cartesian based direction of source and receiver. The second experiment is 3D elastic inversion based on synthetic (using cartesian direction's source) and field data (using Galperin source) with various component combinations. Sixteen component combinations are analyzed for each case. In the third experiment, we perform the acquisition's decimation based on the second experiment. We demonstrate a significant benefit of multicomponent data FWI in terms of model and data misfit through those experiments. In a shallow seismic scale, the inversions with the horizontal components give a better depth reconstruction. Based on the acquisition's decimation, inversion using heavily decimated 9C seismic data still produce similar results compared to the inversion using 1C seismic of a dense acquisition
Chauhan, Ajay P. S. "Structure of the Northern Sumatra : subduction megathrust using seismic reflection and refraction data." Paris, Institut de physique du globe, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010GLOB0003.
Full textNorthern Sumatra subduction megathrust is an oblique plate boundary where the Indo-Australian plate subducts underneath the Eurasia plate in its' current setting at least since the middle Tertiary time. On 26 December 2004 a massive magnitude Mw 9. 3 earthquake struck this plate boundary, which based on conventional understanding was unexpected. A huge tsunami ensued as the rupture arrived near the surface causing widespread loss along the coast lines of south-east Asia. In the wake of the third largest earthquake recorded in the last 50 years, a set of seismic experiments were conducted offshore northern Sumatra with the objective of characterizing the structure and tectonics of this subduction system. The experiment involved the acquisition of active wide-angle seismic refraction dataset on 56 ocean bottom seismometers (OBS) deployed along a ~520 km long profile nearly orthogonal to the subduction strike, in the zone of maximum coseismic slip during the Sumatra-Andaman earthquake. A coincident deep seismic reflection dataset was acquired along the same profile using a very long (~12 km) streamer to complement the wide angle seismic data and to be able to demarcate the structural boundaries more accurately. In this thesis, I present the results obtained from the tomographic inversion of the wide angle seismic dataset, and the coincident seismic reflection image as derived from the deep seismic reflection data. The combined interpretation of theses results allows me to image the entire subduction megathrust structure, starting from the subduction front where a thin (5. 0-5. 5 km) oceanic crust, about 50-55 My old, laden by a layer of sediments upto 5. 5 km thick, deriving from the Nicobar fan result in the formation of a large accretionary wedge of about ~170 km lateral extent and maximum thickness of ~22-24 km underneath the forearc high. The downgoing slab remarkably changes its' dip slope as it descends beneath the forearc mantle showing a bending-flattening pattern. A seaward dipping continental backstop is identified underneath the Aceh forearc basin against which the accretionary wedge continues to evolve. Further landwards, the subduction structure is marked by the presence of a thin overlying plate, with continental Moho lying at a depth of ~20 km, arguably resulting from the stretching of the crust as a result of the pull-apart mechanism related to the same processes which result in the opening of the Andaman basin further north. The sub-marine volcanic back arc is remarkably deep where two deep basins have formed characterizing the pull apart activity by the segments of dextral Sumatra fault which stretches along the volcanic arc. Another important finding of this study is the identification of backthrusting branches at the seaward edge of the Aceh forearc basin, along which the forearc high continues to uplift, as evidenced from aftershock studies in the region. These backthrust faults, interpreated as strike-slip branches in past studies, do explain the tectonic evolution of forearc islands all along the Sumatra subduction zone. More importantly the backthrust branches explain the complex source of the 26 December 2004 tsunami, which it is argued might have resulted from coseismic rupture not only along the main subduction thrust but also by a secondary source slipping along the backthrusts, and thus explaining the early arrival and high amplitude of the run-off wave at the northern tip of Sumatra
Cabissole, Benoît de. "Apport des données gravimétriques à la connaissance de la chaîne des Pyrénées le long du profil ECORS." Montpellier 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989MON20130.
Full textInati, Smaily Lama. "Dynamique lithosphérique et architecture des marges du bassin du Levant : approche géophysique intégrée." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066314.
Full textSignificant gas discoveries have been made recently in the Eastern Mediterranean (www.nobleenergyinc.com), which turned the attention of oil companies towards the Levant Basin. This region is considered today as a typical hydrocarbon frontier province. Hence, a considerable amount of geophysical data has been produced and a series of academic and industry-based studies have been performed. Understanding the crustal and sedimentary architecture, the actual and past thermicity of this basin, in particular on the Lebanese continental margin, has major academic and economic interests. This has important implications on understanding tectonic evolution and earthquakes generation and on assessing petroleum systems. Despite numerous old and recent geophysical studies in this region, the deep crustal configuration of the Levant Basin, known to be the site of rifting in the Late Paleozoic and Early Mesozoic, remains enigmatic. The transition from a typical thick continental crust to thinner attenuated crust offshore (possibly even oceanic crust) has been invoked, but not yet proven. Integrated geophysical approaches and modeling techniques are used in this thesis to study the deep structure of the lithosphere underlying the easternmost Mediterranean region.A 2D modeling approach was accomplished at a regional scale (1000x1000 km2) extending from the Nile delta in the south, to Turkey in the north, from the Herodotus Basin in the west to the Arabian plate in the east. The algorithm used is a trial and error method that delivers the crustal thickness and the depth of the lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary (LAB) as well as the crustal density distribution by integrating top basement heat flow data, free-air gravity anomaly, Geoid and topography data. Moho depth and crustal thickness were locally constrained by refraction data where available. Three models are presented, two in EW direction (580 and 650 km long) and one in SN direction (570 km long). The models in EW sections show a progressively attenuated crystalline crust from E to W (35 to 8 km). The SN section presents a 12 km thick crust to the south, thinning to 9-7 km towards the Lebanese offshore and reaching 20 km in the north. The crystalline crust is best interpreted as a strongly thinned continental crust under the Levant Basin, represented by two distinct components, an upper and a lower crust. The Herodotus Basin, however, shows a very thin crystalline crust, likely oceanic, with a thickness between 6 and 10 km. The Moho under the Arabian plate is 35-40 km deep and becomes shallower towards the Mediterranean coast. Within the Levant Basin, the Moho appears to be situated between 20 and 23 km, reaching 26 km in the Herodotus Basin. While depth to LAB is around 110 km under the Arabian and the Eurasian plates, it is about 150 km under the Levant Basin and plunges finally to 180 km under the Herodotus Basin.A 3D joint inversion of gravity, geoid and topography data applied on the same region confirmed the results of the 2D modeling. A total of 168 of simulations were run, among which the simulation with the minimal data misfits corresponds to a model where the Moho depth varies between 23 and 26 km in the Levant Basin and becomes deeper in the Herodotus Basin and off the African coast. The LAB is 100 to 150 km deep in the Levant Basin and deepens to more than 180 km in the Herodotus Basin
Schaming, Marc. "Traitement des profils de sismique réflexion profonde pour l'étude de la croûte : cas de deux profils ECORS dans le Golfe de Gascogne." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987STR13214.
Full textZouhri, Lahcen. "Structure et modélisation hydrodynamique de l'aquifère de la Mamora (Maroc)." Lille 1, 2000. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2000/50376-2000-7.pdf.
Full textMokeddem, Zohra. "Enregistrements des variations climatiques et reconstitution des paléoenvironnements depuis le Dernier Maximum Glaciaire dans le Loch Sunart (Nord-Ouest Ecosse)." Caen, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009CAEN2035.
Full textFjords or Lochs on the northwest coast of Scotland contain an important sedimentary sequence that records climatic variations since the Last Glacial Maximum. Very high-resolution sub-bottom seismic profiles were obtained from four Scottish Lochs Sunart, Creran, Spelve and Buie. Four acoustic facies were recognised and interpreted in terms of glacial dynamic. The seismic profiles revealed igneous and metamorphic basement covered by a 20 to 60 m thick sediment sequence accumulated since 17 000 yr BP. This sequence has been correlated to analyses obtained from the long Calypso core MD04-2833 acquired in Loch Sunart. These analyses allowed us to recognise the environmental changes and cooling events well described in the North Atlantic. Grain-size data indicate changes in the deep-water speed associated with global shift in the thermohaline circulation. Pollen analysis, have yielded information on the Holocene warming and significant cooling events during this period. Marine benthic foraminifera have also allowed recognition of climatic variations during the Holocene as they record changes in the water temperatures related to the cooling events. Moreover, it is possible to discriminate local water temperature decreases due to ice-melting processes. Thus, two meltwater pulses can be discerned, which respectively correspond to the mwp-Ia and mwp-Ib. Seismic data combined with foraminiferal, pollen and grain-size analyses are able to give an accurate and continuous record of palaeoenvironment and climate shift since the Last Glacial Maximum to present day
Martin, Laure. "Structure et évolution récente de la Mer Egée : apports d'une étude par sismique réflexion." Paris 6, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA066092.
Full textRey, Denis. "Structure crustale des Alpes occidentales le long du profil ECORS-CROP d'après la sismique réflexion et le champ de pesanteur." Montpellier 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989MON20157.
Full textFarra, Véronique. "Approche hamiltonienne de la théorie des rais : application à l'étude de perturbations, inversion des temps de parcours en sismique réflexion." Paris 7, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA077252.
Full textFournier, Frédérique. "Application de l'analyse des données à l'exploration pétrolière : caractérisation des facies sismiques par analyses statistiques multivariables." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1990. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL_T_1990_FOURNIER_F.pdf.
Full textDrissi, Noomane. "Détection des horizons et des discontinuités et fusion d'attributs dans les images sismiques." Télécom Bretagne, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010TELB0139.
Full textThe main objective of this thesis is the detection of useful information in seismic images. This type of images is found in particular in the petroleum industry. This work focuses on the detection of seismic horizons and discontinuities in addition to the fusion of seismic attributes. We adjusted the use of active contours to seismic images. A new automatic approach was introduced, based on the optimization of an energy function linked to the amplitude of the seismic image. We also introduced a generalization of the Cumulative Residual Entropy that we called Generalized Cumulative Residual Entropy (GCRE) which, unlike the recently introduced CRE, is not restricted to positive random variables. We showed the importance of the GCRE for detecting salient features in the images. Also, we showed the usefulness of the attribute entropy to the interpreter. The sensitivity of the mutual information measures based on the GCRE and on the Shannon entropy respectively to rigid transformations was studied in order to be able to use these measures in images comparison and reservoir characterization. We addressed the fusion of attributes to integrate as much available information as possible by using the Dempster-Shafer theory. Finally, we showed the strength of this new method of fusion on real marine data
Clarke, Richard William Barnes. "Modélisation et inversion de données cinématiques complexes en 3D." Pau, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PAUU3010.
Full textSquarzoni, Cristina. "Mesure des champs de déplacement de surface et modélisation numérique des glissements de terrain." Lyon 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003LYO10262.
Full textFabien-Ouellet, Gabriel. "Mesures sismiques à faible profondeur : Une approche intégrée." Thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2014/30405/30405.pdf.
Full text