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Academic literature on the topic 'Methane Reforming Catalysts'

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Published: 6 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Methane Reforming Catalysts"

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Manan, Wan Nabilah, Wan Nor Roslam Wan Isahak, and Zahira Yaakob. "CeO2-Based Heterogeneous Catalysts in Dry Reforming Methane and Steam Reforming Methane: A Short Review." Catalysts 12, no. 5 (April 19, 2022): 452. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal12050452.

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Transitioning to lower carbon energy and environment sustainability requires a reduction in greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) that contribute to global warming. One of the most actively studied rare earth metal catalysts is cerium oxide (CeO2) which produces remarkable improvements in catalysts in dry reforming methane. This paper reviews the management of CO2 emissions and the recent advent and trends in bimetallic catalyst development utilizing CeO2 in dry reforming methane (DRM) and steam reforming methane (SRM) from 2015 to 2021 as a way to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. This paper focus on the identification of key trends in catalyst preparation using CeO2 and the effectiveness of the catalysts formulated.
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Jiang, Hong Tao, Hui Quan Li, and Hao Fan. "Tri-Reforming of Methane over Pt Modified Ni/MgO Catalysts under Atmospheric Pressure – Thermal Distribution in the Catalyst Bed." Applied Mechanics and Materials 252 (December 2012): 255–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.252.255.

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Thermal distribution in catalyst bed was investigated for the fixed-bed tri-reforming of methane over Pt modified Ni/MgO catalysts under atmospheric pressure, 850 °C, and space velocity of 2000−20000 h−1. The effects of the W/F on the thermal distribution of different catalysts were examined. The results indicated that for Pt modified Ni/MgO catalysts, the temperature profile depended on catalysts preparation method. According to the thermal distribution, for Pt modified Ni/MgO catalysts prepared by sequence method, the catalyst bed can be divided into tow zones: auto-thermo reforming zone and oxygen absent zone. Methane reforming proceeds in both zones together.
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Meloni, Eugenio, Marco Martino, and Vincenzo Palma. "A Short Review on Ni Based Catalysts and Related Engineering Issues for Methane Steam Reforming." Catalysts 10, no. 3 (March 22, 2020): 352. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal10030352.

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Hydrogen is an important raw material in chemical industries, and the steam reforming of light hydrocarbons (such as methane) is the most used process for its production. In this process, the use of a catalyst is mandatory and, if compared to precious metal-based catalysts, Ni-based catalysts assure an acceptable high activity and a lower cost. The aim of a distributed hydrogen production, for example, through an on-site type hydrogen station, is only reachable if a novel reforming system is developed, with some unique properties that are not present in the large-scale reforming system. These properties include, among the others, (i) daily startup and shutdown (DSS) operation ability, (ii) rapid response to load fluctuation, (iii) compactness of device, and (iv) excellent thermal exchange. In this sense, the catalyst has an important role. There is vast amount of information in the literature regarding the performance of catalysts in methane steam reforming. In this short review, an overview on the most recent advances in Ni based catalysts for methane steam reforming is given, also regarding the use of innovative structured catalysts.
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Tungatarova, Svetlana, Galina Xanthopoulou, George Vekinis, Konstantinos Karanasios, Tolkyn Baizhumanova, Manapkhan Zhumabek, and Marzhan Sadenova. "Ni-Al Self-Propagating High-Temperature Synthesis Catalysts in Dry Reforming of Methane to Hydrogen-Enriched Fuel Mixtures." Catalysts 12, no. 10 (October 18, 2022): 1270. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal12101270.

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The worldwide increase in demand for environmentally friendly energy has led to the intensification of work on the synthesis of H2-containing fuel. The dry reforming of methane has become one of the most important avenues of research since the consumption of two greenhouse gases reduces the rate of global warming. A study of NiAl composite materials as catalysts for methane reforming has been carried out. Self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) has been used to produce NiAl catalysts. Comparative studies were carried out regarding the dry reforming and partial oxidation of methane, as well as catalysts prepared using the impregnation (IM) and SHS methods. A catalyst with 29% Ni and 51% Al after SHS contains the phases of NiAl and NiAl2O4, which are active phases in the dry reforming of methane. The optimal crystal lattice parameter (for the maximum possible conversion of CO2 and CH4) is 3.48–3.485 Å for Al2O3, which plays the role of a catalyst carrier, and 1.42 Å, for NiAl2O4, which plays the role of a catalyst. The aim of the work is to develop a new and efficient catalyst for the dry reforming of methane into a synthesis gas, which will further promote the organization of a new era of environmentally friendly energy-saving production methods.
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Yu, Xiaopeng, Fubao Zhang, and Wei Chu. "Effect of a second metal (Co, Cu, Mn or Zr) on nickel catalysts derived from hydrotalcites for the carbon dioxide reforming of methane." RSC Advances 6, no. 74 (2016): 70537–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra12335j.

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Cho, Yohei, Akira Yamaguchi, and Masahiro Miyauchi. "Photocatalytic Methane Reforming: Recent Advances." Catalysts 11, no. 1 (December 25, 2020): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal11010018.

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Methane reforming is an important potential technology for solving both environmental and energy problems. This technology is important because methane is counted as a greenhouse gas, but on the other hand, it can be reformed into industrially valuable compounds. More research has focused on photocatalytic methane reforming, which has a higher activity than thermal catalysts under dark conditions. The reaction selectivity toward specific products in photocatalytic methane reforming is sometimes different from thermal catalyst systems. Herein, we discuss recent advances in photocatalytic methane reforming to provide various strategies for reforming.
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Osaki, Toshihiko, and Toshiaki Mori. "The Catalysis of NiO-Al2O3 Aerogels for the Methane Reforming by Carbon Dioxide." Advances in Science and Technology 45 (October 2006): 2137–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.45.2137.

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The aerogels of nickel-alumina system have been synthesized from aluminum triisoprppoxide and nickel glycoxide by sol-gel and subsequent supercritical drying, and the catalysis of NiO-Al2O3 aerogels for the methane reforming by carbon dioxide have been examined. The aerogel catalysts showed higher activity for the reforming than the impregnation catalysts prepared by a conventional impregnation method, on the other hand, the carbon deposition was much less significant on the aerogel catalysts than on the impregnation catalysts. By TEM and XRD observations, it was found for aerogel catalysts that fine nickel particles were formed throughout the alumina aerogel support with high dispersion. This resulted in not only higher catalytic reforming activity but also much less coking activity. The suppression of catalyst deactivation during the reforming was ascribed to the retardation of both carbon deposition and sintering of nickel particles on alumina aerogel support.
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Sivasangar, S., and Yun Hin Taufiq-Yap. "The Effect of CeO2 and Fe2O3 Dopants on Ni/ Alumina Based Catalyst for Dry Reforming of Methane to Hydrogen." Advanced Materials Research 364 (October 2011): 519–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.364.519.

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Methane reforming is the most feasible techniques to produce hydrogen for commercial usage. Hence, dry reforming is the environment friendly method that uses green house gases such as CO2and methane to produce fuel gas. Catalysts play a vital role in methane conversion by enhancing the reforming process. In this study Ni/γ-Al2O3was selected as based catalyst and CeO2and Fe2O3dopants were added to investigate their effect on catalytic activity in dry reforming. The catalysts synthesized through wet impregnation method and characterized by using XRD, TEM and SEM-EDX. The catalytic tests were carried out using temperature programmed reaction (TPRn) and the products were detected by using an online mass spectrometer. The results revealed that these dopants significantly affect the catalytic activity and selectivity of the catalyst during reaction. Hence, Fe2O3doped catalyst shows higher hydrogen production with stable catalytic activity.
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Garbarino, Gabriella, Federico Pugliese, Tullio Cavattoni, Guido Busca, and Paola Costamagna. "A Study on CO2 Methanation and Steam Methane Reforming over Commercial Ni/Calcium Aluminate Catalysts." Energies 13, no. 11 (June 1, 2020): 2792. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13112792.

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Three Ni-based natural gas steam reforming catalysts, i.e., commercial JM25-4Q and JM57-4Q, and a laboratory-made catalyst (26% Ni on a 5% SiO2–95% Al2O3), are tested in a laboratory reactor, under carbon dioxide methanation and methane steam reforming operating conditions. The laboratory catalyst is more active in both CO2 methanation (equilibrium is reached at 623 K with 100% selectivity) and methane steam reforming (92% hydrogen yield at 890 K) than the two commercial catalysts, likely due to its higher nickel loading. In any case, commercial steam reforming catalysts also show interesting activity in CO2 methanation, reduced by K-doping. The interpretation of the experimental results is supported by a one-dimensional (1D) pseudo-homogeneous packed-bed reactor model, embedding the Xu and Froment local kinetics, with appropriate kinetic parameters for each catalyst. In particular, the H2O adsorption coefficient adopted for the commercial catalysts is about two orders of magnitude higher than for the laboratory-made catalyst, and this is in line with the expectations, considering that the commercial catalysts have Ca and K added, which may promote water adsorption.
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O'Malley, Alexander J., Stewart F. Parker, and C. Richard A. Catlow. "Neutron spectroscopy as a tool in catalytic science." Chemical Communications 53, no. 90 (2017): 12164–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7cc05982e.

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The unique power of neutron spectroscopy to probe molecular behaviour in catalytic systems is illustrated. Vibrational spectroscopy and quasielastic scattering techniques are introduced, along with their use in probing methanol-to-hydrocarbons and methane reforming catalysis, and also hydrocarbon behaviour in microporous catalysts.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Methane Reforming Catalysts"

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Shao, Huifang. "Bimetallic carbides as catalysts for dry reforming and steam reforming." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2006. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=4761.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 2006.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains x, 174 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 155-166).
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Ewbank, Jessica Lee. "Rational synthesis of novel reforming catalysts." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/54850.

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Biomass gasification offers the chance to produce carbon neutral, renewable fuels. One of the main problems facing the commercialization of biomass gasification technology is the presence of large quantities of methane and carbon dioxide in the biogas. Catalytic reforming of these wastes allows for effective utilization of biomass derived syngas. In most reforming studies, impregnation methods are the primary synthesis technique. Impregnation methods often lead to poor dispersion and are un-reproducible from batch to batch. In the development of a novel catalyst for reforming applications, another preparation method is implemented, controlled adsorption (CA). Ni/Al2O3 and Co/Al2O3 prepared by CA are compared against catalysts that were prepared by a more traditional method, dry impregnation (DI). It is found that controlling the metal deposition provides catalysts with higher dispersion and consequently higher activity for methane dry reforming. NiAl2O4 catalysts prepared by Pechini synthesis were also studied for catalytic conditioning of biomass derived syngas. Physicochemical characterization revealed unique structural properties, indicated a high degree of mobility of nickel in the aluminate structure, and demonstrated the regeneration properties of nickel aluminates under harsh reaction conditions, which will be important at extended reaction times when catalyst regeneration becomes necessary. Fourfold coordinated nickel species are believed to be responsible for high, stable methane dry reforming activity and metallic nickel is believed to be the active site that allows for high, stable conversion during methane dry reforming.
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Christensen, Kjersti Omdahl. "Steam Reforming of Methane on Different Nickel Catalysts." Doctoral thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-2167.

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The effect of crystal size on carbon formation and sintering was studied on nickel catalysts at steam reforming conditions. Different nickel supported catalysts were examined. As support three commercial hydrotalcites were used: HT30 (MgO/Al2O3 = 3/7), HT50 (MgO/Al2O3 = 5/5) and HT70 (MgO/Al2O3 = 7/3). These supports were compared with CaO-Al2O3 and α-Al2O3. For the sintering experiments an industrial Ni/CaAl2O4 catalyst was used for comparison. The hydrotalcite derived catalysts had different Mg/Al ratios and the lowest Mg/Al ratio gave the highest Ni dispersion. The hydrotalcite derived catalysts also had a higher dispersion than NiO/CaO-Al2O3, NiO/α-Al2O3 and Ni/CaAl2O4.

Carbon formation studies were performed in the tapered element oscillating microbalance (TEOM) at 823K, total pressure of 20 bar and steam to carbon (S/C) ratios of 0.08 to 2.4. The TEOM is a powerful tool for in situ catalyst characterization. All the feed gases pass through the catalysts bed and the TEOM offers a high mass resolution and a short response time. With an on-line gas chromatograph or mass spectrometer, catalyst activity and selectivity can be determined as a function of time. From the TEOM experiments it seemed that the Ni crystal size had a large effect on the carbon threshold value (S/C ratio where the carbon gasification rate equals the carbon deposition rate). Increased crystal size gave an increased carbon threshold value. It was concluded that small nickel crystals resulted in a large saturation concentration of carbon giving a low driving force for carbon diffusion and hence a lower coking rate. TOF increased with increasing Ni crystal size. This could be explained by surface inhomogeneities on the large crystals. Sintering experiments were performed at 903K and 20 bar in a fixed-bed reactor system. For all the catalysts the sintering mechanism involving particle migration seemed to be dominating. Due to a higher degree of wetting of the substrate by the nickel particle, the catalysts with smallest nickel particles showed the highest resistance towards sintering.

Hydrogenolysis of methane was used as a probe reaction for testing the catalysts activity. An increased TOF with increased Ni particle size was observed. This result coincides with results from the steam methane reforming experiments in the TEOM.

The characteristics of the hydrotalcite derived catalysts prepared by impregnation of commercial hydrotalcite supports were compared with hydrotalcite derived catalysts prepared by the co-precipitation method. An improved dispersion with decreasing Mg/Al ratio in the hydrotalcite was found. The catalysts prepared by the co-precipitation method maintained a high dispersion at increased nickel loadings. Different techniques were used to determine the Ni particle size. The results showed an excellent correlation between the Ni particle size found by chemisorption, X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM).


Paper IV is reproduced with kind permission of Elsevier, sciencedirect.com
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Brungs, A. J. A. "Transition metal carbides as catalysts for methane reforming." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.365881.

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Sitompul, J. P. "Numerical studies of methane-steam reforming within cylindrical catalysts." Thesis, Swansea University, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.639049.

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Hollow finite cylindrical catalysts are becoming of more interest as catalyst support not only because they produce lower pressure drops than with conventional solid pellets but also because they provide the associated extra external surface area which enhances diffusion-limited reactions. Dynamic simulation of diffusion, conduction and reactions in this type of catalyst has been studied. The numerical method, Alternating Direction Implicit Method (ADIM), has been used for solving the coupled elliptic governing equations. The simulation applied to methane-steam reforming involves multiple (parallel) reactions and multicomponent mixtures of products and reactants within the catalyst. The numerical method proposed is expected to be capable of following steep gradient of methane concentration across the cylindrical catalyst during methane-steam reforming. From a critical literature evaluation of kinetics of methane-steam reforming, it was found that the data of Bodrov et al. (1967a) and that of Kopsel and Meyer (1980) were obtained from experiments in the temperature range of industrial application. The ADIM was able to follow, successfully, the steep gradient of methane concentration during methane-steam reforming by employing kinetic expressions derived by Kopsel and Meyer (1980) within hollow, finite cylindrical catalyst. The numerical method has been used for comparative study of temperature and concentration profile across the catalyst by employing several kinetic expressions for methane-steam reforming. The kinetic expressions of Bodrov et al (1967a), modified by comprehensively reinterpreting their data, also produce diffusion-controlled profiles across the hollow finite cylindrical catalyst. The comparative study found that the kinetic expressions of De Deken et al (1982) and the more elaborate kinetics of Xu and Froment (1989) do not produce diffusion-controlled profile across the catalyst at high temperature.
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CRISTIANO, GIUSEPPE. "STEAM REFORMING AND OXIDATIVE STEAM REFORMING OF METHANE AND BIOGAS OVER STRUCTURED CATALYSTS." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2540087.

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In 2006 the global demand for primary energy amounted to nearly 12 million tons of oil equivalent (Mtoe), to a large extent (over 80%) supplied by fossil fuels, i.e. coal, oil, and natural gas. According to the scenario suggested by the International Energy Agency (IEA), energy demand will rise in 2030 to about 17 Mtoe. Fossil fuels will remain largely dominant. Over 70% of the expected demand for the period 2008-2030 will be due to the developing countries (China, India, Middle East, Africa, Latin America). Approximately 50% of this energy demand will involve the generation of electricity, but a significant proportion (20%) will be linked to the transport sector, while the remaining 30% will be distributed between industry, services and residential use. Obviously, predictions of growth in energy demand suggested some problems: if the availability of primary sources, mainly fossil fuels, will be sufficient to meet the demand in quantity, quality and distribution; whether the progressive increase in the use of fossil sources will be compatible with environmentally sustainable development, what role other sources of energy such as nuclear and renewables can play in the future landscape and economical development?. In this scenario, the hydrogen plays a key role as an energy carrier. But the hydrogen is not available in its free form; hydrogen atoms are only available linked to other natural resources, and it must extracted somehow. Currently, most of the hydrogen on the planet is produced by steam reforming of methane, as it is the most abundant gas among the fossil fuels, at an acceptable cost and easily available through the dense network of distribution (pipelines). However, there are also other techniques of syngas production such as the partial oxidation (CPOX), the oxy steam reforming (OSR), which has the characteristic of being able to be made autothermal (ATR) and the dry reforming (DR). The dry reforming is particularly interesting because it uses as a reagent mixture methane and carbon dioxide, two gases with particular heavy greenhouse effect. In this regard the biogas (mixture of carbon dioxide and methane), produced by anaerobic digestion basically from biomass, is particularly suitable for this process since it allows avoiding the preventive separation of CO2 from methane in the production process of syngas. The main aim of this doctoral thesis is the study of the process of syngas production from methane and biogas on catalysts supported on ceramic monoliths made of cordierite, using the steam reforming (SR) process and oxy-steam reforming (OSR) process. The tests were carried out in collaboration with the Institute of Advanced Techniques for Energy "Nicola Giordano" (CNR -ITAE) in Messina (Italy). This thesis is constituted by an introductory part that covers topics related to the production and storage of hydrogen (Chapter 1, “Introduction”); a central part which describes the pilot plant used to carry on tests on steam reforming and oxy steam reforming of methane and biogas, and the preparation of the various tested structured catalysts (Chapter 2, “Experimental part”); and a final part which consists of four papers describing the various experimental works carried out (Chapters 3 to 6). Finally, conclusions on the work done are reported (Chapter 7, “Conclusions”). Chapter 3, “Methane oxy-steam reforming reaction: performances of Ru/γ-Al2O3 catalysts loaded on structured cordierite monoliths”, reports the process of production of syngas via oxy-steam reforming of methane on Ru structured catalyst supported on γ-Al2O3 as carrier. In particular, the influence of the catalyst loading, the influence of the O/C and S/C ratios, the influence of the reaction temperature and the space velocity, were specifically addressed. Chapter 4, “Syngas production by methane oxy-steam reforming: performance of Me/CeO2 (Me = Rh, Pt, Ni) catalyst lined on cordierite monoliths”, presents the process of production of syngas via oxy-steam reforming comparing the performances of three structured catalysts, based on noble and non-noble metals (Rh, Pt and Ni) supported on CeO2 as carrier, focusing on the comparison of the influence of reaction temperature and space velocity on the reactor performance. Chapter 5, “Comparative Study on Steam and Oxydative Steam Reforming of Methane with Ru and Rh Based Catalysts supported on Cordierite Monoliths”, shows the comparison between the processes of steam reforming and oxy-steam reforming of methane on two structured catalysts (Ru/γ-Al2O3 and Rh/CeO2). The two different processes on the two catalysts were studied separately, and then compared. Moreover, an energy requirement discussion on the two processes was addresses (with the support of a series of Aspen Plus® simulations), with specific reference to the energy required for the vaporization of water (the only liquid reagent), and the energy required by the reforming reaction with respect to the moles of methane fed to the process. Chapter 6, “Biogas Steam and Oxy-Steam Reforming processes over structured catalysts based on Me/CeO2 (Me = Rh, Pt, Ni) coated on cordierite monoliths”, describes the comparison between the processes of steam reforming and oxy-steam reforming of biogas on three structured catalysts, based on noble and non-noble metals (Rh, Pt and Ni) supported on CeO2 as carrier . At the time of the submission of the present doctoral thesis to the external Commission, December 2013, the first paper, presented on Chapter 3, has been submitted to the peer reviewed “International Journal of Hydrogen Energy” (manuscript nr. HE-S-13-04515-2), while the other three papers, Chapters 4 to 6, are almost ready for the submission to other international peer reviewed journals (“Applied Catalysis B: Environment”, “Applied Energy”, and “Industrial Engineering and Chemistry Research”).
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Di, Jiexun. "Development of highly active internal steam methane reforming catalysts for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:a36ce531-e7b2-48fb-a59b-dbca6b435643.

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Fuel processing is one of the essential parts for development of intermediate solid oxide fuel cells (IT-SOFC). Natural gas (methane) is considered as the most abundant and cost effective fuel for the production of hydrogen for IT-SOFC. The primary aim of this thesis is to use a novel precursor material—layered double hydroxide (LDH) – for developing a new type of cost effective, highly active and long lasting catalyst which can reform natural gas in IT-SOFC anode environment. Small amount of noble metals Pd, Rh and Pt are used as promoters to enhance the catalyst’s performance as while maintaining the cost relatively low. The research objectives are achieved by a series of studies including catalysts synthesis, characterisation and the catalytic activities. The thesis initially gives a comprehensive review on fuel cell and SOFC technology, steam methane reforming and reforming catalyst to provide better understanding of the research. Experimental studies include the effects of the synthetic conditions of the LDH precursors and thermal treatments on the physical, chemical behaviours and catalytic activities of the catalysts and promotional effects by noble metals. The LDH derived catalysts compositions, promoter quantities and operating conditions are optimised for the best performance in the IT-SOFC anode environment. A new method for the development of precursor sol for easy coating of the anode is developed and studied. The sol preparation is achieved by acid attack. The sol developed is found to produce better coating and has very high catalytic properties after activation. The catalysts developed were tested for their stability and self-activation ability to ensure its use in the commercial cells. The findings of the present study indicate that the catalysts developed show excellent catalytic performance and these catalysts have very high potential for further commercialisation in IT-SOFC.
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Albarazi, Abdulkader. "Development of Ni-based catalysts for methane dry reforming application." Paris 6, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA066814.

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Blaylock, Donnie Wayne. "Computational heterogeneous catalysis applied to steam methane reforming over nickel and nickel/silver catalysts." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/62730.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, 2011.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 182-188).
The steam methane reforming (SMR) reaction is the primary industrial means for producing hydrogen gas. As such, it is a critical support process for applications including petrochemical processing and ammonia synthesis. In addition, SMR could be an important component of future energy infrastructures as a means for producing hydrogen as an energy carrier for applications including fuel cells in automobiles and direct combustion for electricity generation. Nickel is the preferred SMR catalyst; however, the efficiency of SMR over nickel can be severely hindered by carbon formation, which leads to the deactivation or even destruction of the catalyst particles. Thus, there is significant interest in catalysts that inhibit carbon formation yet retain activity to SMR. In order to develop improved catalysts for SMR, a thorough understanding of the processes occurring on the nickel surface is needed. In this thesis, computational heterogeneous catalysis is applied to investigate steam methane reforming over nickel (Ni) and silver-alloyed nickel (Ni/Ag) catalysts. Electronic structure calculations using density functional theory (DFT) are employed to develop thermochemical landscapes describing the relative stabilities of SMR intermediates on the catalyst surfaces. In addition, DFT calculations are used to obtain kinetic parameters that describe elementary surface reactions taking place during SMR. A detailed statistical thermodynamics framework is developed to allow for the calculation of enthalpies, entropies, and free energies of the surface species at the temperatures and pressures relevant to industrial SMR. The data from the DFT calculations are used to build detailed ab inito microkinetic models of SMR over the multi-faceted nickel catalyst. The resulting microkinetic models are used to provide insight into the processes occurring on the catalyst surface through identifying the most important intermediate species and reactions occurring on the catalyst. The effects of alloying the nickel catalyst with silver are predicted through modeling the dissociative methane adsorption reaction on multiple facets of the Ni/Ag surface with varying concentrations of silver. In addition, DFT calculations are used to investigate carbon formation on the Ni and Ni/Ag catalyst surfaces, including relative stabilities of various carbon-containing intermediates and the effects of alloying the nickel surface with silver on carbon formation.
by Donnie Wayne Blaylock.
Ph.D.
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Paul, Ram Chandra. "Methane steam reforming over LaCr¦1¦-¦xNi¦xO¦3 perovskite catalysts." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape3/PQDD_0018/MQ49723.pdf.

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Books on the topic "Methane Reforming Catalysts"

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Paul, Ram Chandra. Methane steam reforming over LaCr1-x NixO3 perovskite catalysts. Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 2000.

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Book chapters on the topic "Methane Reforming Catalysts"

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Berlier, Gloria. "Low Temperature Steam Reforming Catalysts for Enriched Methane Production." In Enriched Methane, 53–74. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-22192-2_4.

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Berman, A., and M. Epstein. "Ruthenium Catalysts for High Temperature Solar Reforming of Methane." In Hydrogen Power: Theoretical and Engineering Solutions, 213–18. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9054-9_26.

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Shamsi, Abolghasem. "Methane Dry Reforming over Carbide, Nickel-Based, and Noble Metal Catalysts." In ACS Symposium Series, 182–96. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2002-0809.ch012.

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Song, Hui. "Visible Light-Mediated Methane Activation for Steam Methane Reforming over Rh/TiO2 Catalysts Under Mild Conditions." In Solar-Energy-Mediated Methane Conversion Over Nanometal and Semiconductor Catalysts, 31–53. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-4157-9_2.

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Song, Hui. "Visible Light-Promoted Carbon Dioxide Reforming of Methane Over Pt/TaN Catalysts." In Solar-Energy-Mediated Methane Conversion Over Nanometal and Semiconductor Catalysts, 75–91. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-4157-9_4.

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Angeli, Sofia D., Fotis G. Pilitsis, and Angeliki A. Lemonidou. "Coke-Resistant Catalysts for Methane Steam Reforming in the Presence of Higher Hydrocarbons." In Progress in Clean Energy, Volume 2, 469–80. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17031-2_33.

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Song, Hui. "Light-Enhanced Carbon Dioxide Reforming of Methane by Effective Plasmonic Coupling Effect of Pt and Au Nanoparticles." In Solar-Energy-Mediated Methane Conversion Over Nanometal and Semiconductor Catalysts, 55–73. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-4157-9_3.

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Itkulova, Sholpan S., Gaukhar D. Zakumbaeva, Anatoliy A. Shapovalov, and Larissa V. Komashko. "Bimetallic Co-Based Catalysts Prepared by Sol-Gel for Methane Reforming by Carbon Dioxide." In Sol-Gel Methods for Materials Processing, 331–36. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-8514-7_24.

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Shamsi, Abolghasem, and Christopher D. Johnson. "Effect of Pressure on Catalyst Activity and Carbon Deposition During CO2 Reforming of Methane over Noble-Metal Catalysts." In Environmental Challenges and Greenhouse Gas Control for Fossil Fuel Utilization in the 21st Century, 269–83. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0773-4_19.

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Cherif, Ali, Rachid Nebbali, and Lyes Nasseri. "Optimization of the Ni/Al2O3 and Pt/Al2O3 Catalysts Load in Autothermal Steam Methane Reforming." In Springer Proceedings in Energy, 145–50. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-6595-3_20.

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Conference papers on the topic "Methane Reforming Catalysts"

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McGuire, Nicholas E., Neal P. Sullivan, Robert J. Kee, Huayang Zhu, James A. Nabity, Jeffrey R. Engel, David T. Wickham, and Michael Kaufman. "Hexaaluminate Catalysts for Fuel Reforming." In ASME 2008 6th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2008-65231.

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Hexaaluminate catalysts offer excellent high-temperature stability compared to the equivalent metal-based catalysts. Their stability also lends well to use as a catalyst support. However, use of novel hexaaluminates is limited in fuel processing for fuel-cell applications. In this paper, we report on the performance of hexaaluminates as a catalyst support in the steam reforming of methane. The hexaaluminates are synthesized by a metal-exchange process using alumoxane precursors that enable a wide range of metal substitutions. Performance is evaluated using a unique stagnation-flow reactor that enables detailed probing of the boundary layer above the catalyst-impregnated stagnation surface. Experimental results are compared with models to understand fundamental reaction kinetics and optimize catalyst performance. RhSr-substituted hexaaluminates with a Rh impregnation are shown to yield the best performance. Scanning- and Transmission-Electron Microscopy are used to characterize the different types of hexaaluminates, and to examine the effect of aging on catalyst structure.
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Dahdah, Eliane, Jihane Abou Rached, Jane Estephane, Samer Aouad, Cedric Gennequin, Antoine Aboukais, and Edmond Abi-Aad. "Dry reforming of methane over NixMg6−xAl1.8La0.2 catalysts." In 2016 7th International Renewable Energy Congress (IREC). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/irec.2016.7478874.

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"Syngas production via combined dry and steam reforming methane over Ni-based catalyst: A review." In Sustainable Processes and Clean Energy Transition. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644902516-3.

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Abstract. Global energy consumption has eventually increased as a result of the growing world population. Various problems arise as a result. The accumulation of greenhouse gases (GHGs), which led to a shift in the world's climate, is the most problematic. Combined dry and steam reforming of methane (CDRSM) is a highly advantageous method since it uses two of the most significant GHGs, CH4 and CO2, to produce syngas, an intermediate product to produce valuable fuels. Ni-based catalysts are inexpensive, compared to many noble metals, and exhibit good reaction activity. However, deactivation, coking, and sintering of catalysts continue to be the major obstacles to commercialization. Due to better and more stable catalytic structure, which is both coke and sintering resistant at high temperatures, bimetallic catalysts have established increased activity and prolonged durability when compared to monometallic catalysts. This review highlights recent advancements in Ni-based catalysts for CDSRM by emphasizing factors such as catalyst support, bimetallic catalyst, promoters, and strong metal-support interactions (SMSI).
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Colucci, Jose´ A. "Hydrogen Production Using Autothermal Reforming of Biodiesel and Other Hydrocarbons for Fuel Cell Applications." In ASME 2006 International Solar Energy Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/isec2006-99018.

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The department of Chemical Engineering of the University of Puerto Rico (UPRM) in collaboration with Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) works in the development of a reforming catalyst characterization program. The purpose of this research is to study the viability of using new catalysts to convert Biodiesel, Glycerin and Methanol to a hydrogen rich product gas and compare their production potential, identify the conditions for the accumulation of coke and determine the influence of reactor temperature and water to carbon and oxygen to carbon ratios. A Basket Stirred Tank Reactor (BSTR), Plug Flow Reactor (PFR), Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrophotometer (GCMS) and Gas Chromatography Thermal Conductivity Detector (GCTCD), and Pt and Rh-based catalysts synthesized at ANL were used. During the preliminary ATR experiments, methanol, glycerol and biodiesel showed an increase in H2 production with decreasing O2/C ratio and increases in the reactor temperature. Additionally, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and EDAX analysis has been performed in some of the catalysts samples. All biodiesel and glycerol experiments performed had shown coke formation. Future research will include, experiments with bio-ethanol and methane as fuel using a Ni-based catalyst synthesized at ANL.
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"Dry reforming of methane over Ni/KCC-1 catalyst for syngas production." In Sustainable Processes and Clean Energy Transition. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644902516-47.

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Abstract. Dry reforming of methane (DRM) is a trendy topic of investigation as a means of reducing global warming. However, the adoption of DRM for a commercial purpose is still a question due to the deactivation and sintering of catalysts. The performance of the 5Ni/KCC-1 catalyst by using the ultrasonic-assisted impregnation method was examined in this study. The micro-emulsion method and ultrasonic-assisted impregnation method were used to prepare KCC-1 support and 5Ni/KCC-1 catalyst respectively. The catalyst was characterized by N2 adsorption-desorption and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) techniques. FESEM morphology shows that KCC-1 support experienced a well-defined fibrous morphology in a uniform microsphere which can promote high catalytic activity. The results show that the catalyst has optimum performance with higher reactant conversions and H2/CO ratio when operated at 850oC in a tubular furnace reactor as compared to 750oC.
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Parks, James E., and Senthil Ponnusamy. "The Effect of Sulfur on Methane Partial Oxidation and Reforming Processes for Lean NOx Trap Catalysis." In ASME 2006 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icef2006-1535.

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Lean NOx trap catalysts have demonstrated the ability to reduce NOx emissions from lean natural gas reciprocating engines by >90%. The technology operates in a cyclic fashion where NOx is trapped on the catalyst during lean operation and released and reduced to N2 under rich exhaust conditions; the rich cleansing operation of the cycle is referred to as “regeneration” since the catalyst is reactivated for more NOx trapping after NOx purge. Creating the rich exhaust conditions for regeneration can be accomplished by catalytic partial oxidation of methane in the exhaust system. Furthermore, catalytic reforming of partial oxidation exhaust can enable increased quantities of H2 which is an excellent reductant for lean NOx trap regeneration. It is critical to maintain clean and efficient partial oxidation and reforming processes to keep the lean NOx trap functioning properly and to reduce extra fuel consumption from the regeneration process. Although most exhaust constituents do not impede partial oxidation and reforming, some exhaust constituents may negatively affect the catalysts and result in loss of catalytic efficiency. Of particular concern are common catalyst poisons sulfur, zinc, and phosphorous. These poisons form in the exhaust through combustion of fuel and oil, and although they are present at low concentrations, they can accumulate to significant levels over the life of an engine system. In the work presented here, the effects of sulfur on the partial oxidation and reforming catalytic processes were studied to determine any durability limitations on the production of reductants for lean NOx trap catalyst regeneration.
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Zeng, Yuxuan, Shiyun Liu, Danhua Mei, and Xin Tu. "Plasma-catalytic dry reforming of methane over Al2O3 supported metal catalysts." In 2015 IEEE International Conference on Plasma Sciences (ICOPS). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/plasma.2015.7179647.

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Ramis, Gianguido, Guido Busca, Tania Montanari, Michele Sisani, and Umberto Costantino. "Ni-Co-Zn-Al Catalysts From Hydrotalcite-Like Precursors for Hydrogen Production by Ethanol Steam Reforming." In ASME 2010 8th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2010-33034.

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A series of well crystallized Ni-Co-Zn-Al LDHs materials has been prepared by the urea hydrolysis method as precursors of mixed oxide catalysts for the Ethanol Steam Reforming (ESR) reaction. The calcination of the layered precursors gives rise to high surface area mixed oxides, mainly a mixture of rock-salt phase (NiO), wurtzite phase (ZnO) and spinel phase. Both precursors and mixed oxides have been throughtfully characterized and the steam reforming of ethanol has been investigated over the calcined catalysts in flow reactor and in-situ FT-IR experiments. The data here reported provide evidence of the good catalytic activity of Co-Zn-Al and Co-Ni-Zn-Al catalysts prepared from hydrotalcite-like LHD precursors for ethanol steam reforming. At 823 K the most active Co/Ni catalyst containains a predominant spinel phase with composition near Zn0.58Ni0.42[Al0.44Co0.56]2O4 and small amounts of NiO and ZnO. On the other side, at 873 K the selectivity to hydrogen increases with cobalt content. In particular, the presence of cobalt increases selectivity to H2 and CO2 and decreases selectivity to methane in the low temperature range 720–870 K. The most selective catalyst is the Ni-free Co-Zn-Al mixed oxide essentially constituted by a single spinel type phase Zn0.55Co0.45[Al0.45Co0.55]2O4. Cobalt catalysts appear consequently to behave better than nickel based catalysts in this temperature range. The key feature for high selectivity to hydrogen is proposed to be associated to a stability of a relatively high oxidation state at the catalyst surface, the most relevant selectivity determining step being constituted by the evolution of surface acetate species. In fact, over oxidized catalyst surface the acetate species evolve producing carbon dioxide and hydrogen while over a more reduced surface they evolve giving rise to methane and COx. Water is supposed to have the main role of allowing surface sites to stay in an unreduced state at least in the temperature range 720–870 K.
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Mitrichev, Ivan. "COMPARING PERFORMANCE OF STRUCTURED AND UNSTRUCTURED CATALYSTS IN DRY REFORMING OF METHANE." In 18th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM2018. Stef92 Technology, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2018/6.1/s24.015.

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Bahari, Mahadi Bin, Trinh Duy Nguyen, Sharanjit Singh, Tan Ji Siang, Mohd-Nasir Nor Shafiqah, Lau N. Jun, Pham T. T. Phuong, Nurul Ainirazali, and Dai Viet N. Vo. "Catalytic performance of yttrium-doped co/mesoporous alumina catalysts for methane dry reforming." In 6TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENVIRONMENT (ICENV2018): Empowering Environment and Sustainable Engineering Nexus Through Green Technology. AIP Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5117078.

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Reports on the topic "Methane Reforming Catalysts"

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Gerber, Mark A. Review of Novel Catalysts for Biomass Tar Cracking and Methane Reforming. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/926121.

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David S. Sholl. Ab Initio Studies of Coke Formation on Ni Catalysts During Methane Reforming. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/882882.

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David S. Sholl. AB INITIO STUDIES OF COKE FORMATION ON NI CATALYSTS DURING METHANE REFORMING. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/839131.

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David S. Sholl. AB INITIO STUDIES OF COKE FORMATION ON NI CATALYSTS DURING METHANE REFORMING. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/825550.

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Guo, Mond, Gregory Collinge, Sarah Allec, Roger Rousseau, Casper Brady, Huamin Wang, and Jonathan Male. Stable Catalysts for Combined Dry and Steam Reforming of Methane and Carbon Dioxide. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1983974.

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B.H. Shanks, T.D. Wheelock, Justinus A. Satrio, Timothy Diehl, and Brigitte Vollmer. DEVELOPMENT OF A CATALYST/SORBENT FOR METHANE REFORMING. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/893288.

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B.H. Shans, T.D. Wheelock, Justinus Satrio, Karl Albrecht, Tanya Harris Janine Keeley, Ben Silva, Aaron Shell, Molly Lohry, and Zachary Beversdorf. Development of a Catalyst/Sorbent for Methane Reforming. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/952465.

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