Journal articles on the topic 'Metastatic carcinoma'

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1

Cheng, Shaun Kian Hong, and Khoon Leong Chuah. "Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma to the Pancreas: A Review." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 140, no. 6 (June 1, 2016): 598–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/arpa.2015-0135-rs.

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The pancreas is an unusual site for tumor metastasis, accounting for only 2% to 5% of all malignancies affecting the pancreas. The more common metastases affecting the pancreas include renal cell carcinomas, melanomas, colorectal carcinomas, breast carcinomas, and sarcomas. Although pancreatic involvement by nonrenal malignancies indicates widespread systemic disease, metastatic renal cell carcinoma to the pancreas often represents an isolated event and is thus amenable to surgical resection, which is associated with long-term survival. As such, it is important to accurately diagnose pancreatic involvement by metastatic renal cell carcinoma on histology, especially given that renal cell carcinoma metastasis may manifest more than a decade after its initial presentation and diagnosis. In this review, we discuss the clinicopathologic findings of isolated renal cell carcinoma metastases of the pancreas, with special emphasis on separating metastatic renal cell carcinoma and its various differential diagnoses in the pancreas.
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2

Sadr, AH, S. de Kerviler, and N. Kang. "Cutaneous basal cell carcinoma with endobronchial metastasis." Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England 96, no. 7 (October 2014): e20-e21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/003588414x13946184902244.

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Although basal cell carcinoma is a very common malignancy, metastasis from this tumour is extremely rare. For this reason, many plastic surgeons, dermatologists and physicians dealing with skin malignancies consider this as a locally invasive malignancy. We present a rare case of metastatic basal cell carcinoma manifested as a bronchial tumour. This case highlights the fact that despite basal cell carcinoma’s local invasive potential, the possibility of distant metastasis still exists and clinicians should therefore be cautious about interpreting extracutaneous symptoms. Chest physicians should always consider the possibility of this rare tumour in the lungs in patients with a history of large basal cell carcinomas in the head and neck region.
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3

ÇEÇEN, Ayşe, Esra KAVAZ, and Seda GÜN. "A rare case: Renal cell carcinoma metastasis to lower lip." Journal of Experimental and Clinical Medicine 38, no. 3 (April 23, 2021): 396–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.52142/omujecm.38.3.38.

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Approximately 15% of renal cell carcinomas metastasize to the head and neck region. Here in, we report a rare case report of a patient who underwent nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) ten years ago and presented with metastatic renal cell carcinoma on her lower lip. A 65-year-old woman presented with a rapidly growing mass on the lower lip. Pathology report resulted in renal cell carcinoma metastasis. Although metastatic renal cell carcinoma to the head and neck is uncommon, metastasis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a rapidly growing vascular lesion in the head and neck area of patients with renal cell carcinoma.
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4

Wahyuni, Siska Dwiyantie, Sri Suryanti, Hasrayati Agustina, and Bethy Suryawathy Hernowo. "The Association of Clinicopathological Features with Metastatic Status in Infiltrative Urothelial Carcinoma of Bladder." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 10, no. 6-s (December 18, 2020): 99–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v10i6-s.4647.

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Background: Infiltrative urothelial carcinoma of bladder is an aggressive variant of bladder carcinoma. Most of the patients in their first encounter with doctors are diagnosed with advanced stages and many has metastasized. Metastasis is a process of malignant tumor cells migrating from its primary tumor location to other organs or sites inside the body via blood circulation or lymphatic system. Metastasis process is responsible for 90% cancer deaths compared to the primary tumor itself, infiltrative urothelial carcinoma of bladder. To reduce mortality, knowledge of the clinicopathological characteristics associated with metastasis is needed. Method: Research material used was clinical data and paraffin block from patients with metastatic and non-metastatic infiltrative urothelial carcinoma of bladder. Clinical data taken from Central Medical Record Installation and Urology Medical Record Installation Padjadjaran University/ Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung, Indonesia. Paraffin blocks were obtained from operations at Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung, Indonesia.Total data sample obtained were 40 samples, 20 samples are metastatic and another 20 are non-metastatic samples. Clinicopathological parameters included in the analysis were age, sex and pathalogical T stage. Result: Pathalogical T stage have associations with metastatic status with significant result with p value=0.035 (p<0.005). Conclusion: Pathalogical T stage was associated with the metastatic status of Infiltrative urothelial carcinoma of bladder and may play important roles during the metastatic process. Thus, it can be used as a predictor factor for the infiltrative urothelial carcinoma of bladder. Keywords: infiltrative urothelial carcinoma of bladder, metastastic, pathalogical T stage
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ÇEÇEN, Ayşe, Esra KAVAZ, and Seda GÜN. "The clinical and prognostic value of the neutrophil lymphocyte ratio, the platelet lymphocyte ratio and mean platelet volume in tinnitus patients." Journal of Experimental and Clinical Medicine 38, no. 3 (April 23, 2021): 251–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.52142/omujecm.38.3.8.

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Approximately 15% of renal cell carcinomas metastasize to the head and neck region. Here in, we report a rare case report of a patient who underwent nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) ten years ago and presented with metastatic renal cell carcinoma on her lower lip. A 65-year-old woman presented with a rapidly growing mass on the lower lip. Pathology report resulted in renal cell carcinoma metastasis. Although metastatic renal cell carcinoma to the head and neck is uncommon, metastasis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a rapidly growing vascular lesion in the head and neck area of patients with renal cell carcinoma.
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6

Liang, Huasheng, Yuhua Zhong, Zuojie Luo, Yu Huang, Huade Lin, Min Luo, Song Zhan, Kaiqing Xie, Yan Ma, and Qingdi Quentin Li. "Assessment of Biomarkers for Clinical Diagnosis of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma with Distant Metastasis." International Journal of Biological Markers 25, no. 1 (January 2010): 38–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/172460081002500106.

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Early diagnosis and treatment of thyroid cancers are critical for better prognosis and better survival rates. The purpose of this study was to identify potential diagnostic markers for papillary thyroid carcinomas with distant metastasis. Fifty-eight papillary thyroid tumor specimens (27 papillary thyroid carcinomas with distant metastasis and 31 without metastasis) were examined, and protein expression of pituitary tumor-transforming gene (PTTG), E-cadherin, p27kip1, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-C, metalloproteinase (MMP) 2, MMP9, chemokine receptor CXCR4, and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in these tumors was assessed by immunohistochemistry. The clinicopathological variables with diagnostic significance were determined by multivariate analysis, and their diagnostic values were evaluated by ROC curve analysis. PTTG, VEGF-C, MMP2, MMP9, CXCR4, and bFGF were overexpressed in metastatic papillary thyroid carcinomas, whereas p27kip1 expression was elevated only in carcinomas lacking metastasis. Multiple-factor binary ordinal logistic regression analysis revealed that PTTG, VEGF-C, MMP2, and bFGF were independently related to biological metastatic behavior in thyroid tumors, suggesting their potential use as biomarkers. ROC curve analysis showed that among these four proteins, VEGF-C and bFGF were the best diagnostic biomarkers. A VEGF-C and bFGF cluster was the most useful factor for the differential diagnosis between metastatic and non-metastatic papillary thyroid cancers. Thus, the combined use of VEGF-C and bFGF as biomarkers may improve the diagnostic accuracy of papillary thyroid carcinoma and may be useful in multimodal screening programs for the clinical diagnosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma and early detection of papillary thyroid carcinoma with distant metastasis.
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7

Shanbhag, Nandan. "Metastatic colorectal carcinoma: Response to panitumumab." Journal of the Bahrain Medical Society 30, no. 1 (March 20, 2018): 5–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.26715/jbms.1_01032018.

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8

Nunez, D. A., C. G. C. Sutherland, and R. K. Sood. "Breast metastasis from a pharyngeal carcinoma." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 103, no. 2 (February 1989): 227–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215100108540.

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AbstractThe reported incidence of metastatic disease in head and neck cancer is increasing. The most common site of metastatic involvement in squamous carcinoma of the head and neck is the lung followed by liver, mediastinal nodes and bone. The breast is rarely infiltrated by metastatic disease, 2 per cent or less of clinically detected breast lumps being of nonmammary origin, most frequently malignant melanoma, lymphoma/leukaemia and primary lung carcinoma.A 73-year-old female presented with a primary posterior pharyngeal wall squamous carcinoma and bilateral enlarged neck nodes. She developed an isolated breast metastasis while receiving palliative radiotherapy and died seven months after presentation.Clinically detected breast metastasis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma was first documented by Toombs and Kalisher in 1977. This is the first report of such a case originating in the posterior pharyngeal wall. The prognosis is invariably poor.
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9

Xu, K., Q. Ye, L. Han, and M. Zhong. "A Comparative Analysis of Immunohistochemical Profile of Primary and Metastatic Endometrial Endometrioid Carcinoma." American Journal of Clinical Pathology 154, Supplement_1 (October 2020): S32—S33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/aqaa161.066.

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Abstract Introduction/Objective Beta catenin plays an important role in cancer tumorigenesis and have been found to be associated with metastasis in a variety of tumors. Analyzing TCGA data, we found that 30% of endometrial endometrioid carcinoma cases have beta-catenin mutations. We hypothesize that beta-catenin mutation may be associated with metastasis of endometrial endometrioid carcinoma. ER and PR expression was also compared to determine any changes after metastasis. Methods Retrospective institutional review of all endometrial endometrioid carcinoma (192 cases) between 2011 to 2018 was performed, including 149 cases of FIGO grade I, 38 cases of FIGO grade II and 5 cases of FIGO grade III. 19 cases with paired primary and metastatic specimen were identified. Immunohistochemistry staining (IHC) was carried out for ER, PR and beta-catenin. Results Median patient age was 56 years. The most common metastatic site was vagina, accounting for 68% of metastasis (14/19), followed by bladder (3/19), lung (2/19) and rectum (1/19). The primary and metastatic carcinoma of all 19 cases exhibit very similar morphology. All of those cases were positive and concordant for ER and PR in primary and metastatic endometrioid carcinoma. On the other hand, nuclear beta-catenin staining caused by mutation was positive in 5 metastatic carcinoma but not in primary carcinoma. Conclusion IHC expression of ER and PR remains unchanged between primary and metastatic carcinoma, demonstrating the reliability of ER and PR to confirm the origin of metastatic carcinoma. 26% of the metastatic carcinoma (5/19) exhibit nuclear beta-catenin staining but not in primary carcinoma, suggesting the possible role of beta-catenin in metastasis of endometrial endometrioid carcinoma.
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10

Tickoo, Satish K., Anastassios G. Pittas, Michael Adler, Melissa Fazzari, Steven M. Larson, Richard J. Robbins, and Juan Rosai. "Bone Metastases From Thyroid Carcinoma." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 124, no. 10 (October 1, 2000): 1440–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/2000-124-1440-bmftc.

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Abstract Context.—Only limited information exists on the pathologic aspects of thyroid carcinomas with bone metastases, most large studies having concentrated mainly on their clinical features. Objective.—To study in detail the morphologic features of thyroid carcinomas with skeletal metastases. Design.—Seventy-nine cases of thyroid carcinoma with bone metastases treated at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, between 1964 and 1998 were investigated, with emphasis on the pathology of the primary and/or metastatic tumors and comparison of the morphologic features of the tumors at both the sites, wherever possible. The tumors were also compared for various clinical parameters. Results.—The cohort consisted of 22 papillary, 17 follicular, 16 insular, 10 anaplastic, 9 Hürthle cell, and 5 medullary carcinomas. Of these cases, 68% had poorly differentiated or undifferentiated features in the primary and/or metastatic tumors. The metastatic tumors were better differentiated than the primary in one third of the cases (6 of 18). Only one case showed a less differentiated metastasis. The overall 5- and 10-year survival probabilities after the bone metastases were 29% and 13%, respectively (Kaplan-Meier method). Although both the tumor type and differentiation seemed to affect survivals after bone metastasis (P = .007 and .012, respectively) (log-rank test), this was primarily due to the much worse prognosis in the cases of anaplastic and medullary carcinoma. Cases of Hürthle cell carcinoma showed the longest median survival. There was no significant difference in survival among patients up to or older than 45 years at the time of metastases (P = .31). Conclusions.—Most thyroid carcinomas with bone metastases are of papillary type, and most have poorly differentiated or undifferentiated features. The influence of the microscopic tumor type and tumor differentiation on survival after bone metastasis primarily appears to be due to the much worse prognosis among anaplastic and medullary carcinomas. Age at diagnosis of bone metastases does not influence survivals.
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11

Sica, Gabriel, Patrick L. Wagner, Nassar Altorki, Jeffrey Port, Paul C. Lee, Madeline F. Vazquez, and Anjali Saqi. "Immunohistochemical Expression of Estrogen and Progesterone Receptors in Primary Pulmonary Neuroendocrine Tumors." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 132, no. 12 (December 1, 2008): 1889–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/132.12.1889.

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Abstract Context.—Lung and breast carcinomas are among the most prevalent cancers. Advances in cancer therapies can provide survival benefit and be potentially curative, even in metastatic disease. Due to the high prevalence of these carcinomas, it is not unusual to encounter lung nodule(s) in a patient with breast carcinoma, and distinguishing between primary and metastatic disease is critical for management/treatment. Occasionally neuroendocrine differentiation is present in breast carcinoma, making its distinction from pulmonary/nonpulmonary neuroendocrine tumors in the lung difficult. Objective.—To assess estrogen and progesterone receptor expression in the entire spectrum of pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors. Design.—Seventy-one neuroendocrine neoplasms including typical carcinoids (42), atypical carcinoids (7), small cell carcinomas (14), large cell neuroendocrine carcinomas (2), and combined small cell carcinomas (6) were evaluated for estrogen and progesterone receptors. Mammary and non–small cell lung carcinomas were also stained for comparison. Results.—The entire spectrum of neuroendocrine neoplasms demonstrated focal to diffuse estrogen (typical carcinoid, 23; atypical carcinoid, 6; small cell carcinoma, 8; large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma, 2; combined small cell carcinoma, 4) and progesterone (typical carcinoid, 11; atypical carcinoid, 2; small cell carcinoma, 7; large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma, 0; combined small cell carcinoma, 2) expression. There was no correlation between sex and estrogen/progesterone status. Estrogen and progesterone staining were also noted in endothelial cells. Relative to neuroendocrine carcinomas, mammary carcinomas expressed estrogen and progesterone more frequently. Non–small cell carcinomas had greater and similar immunoreactivity for estrogen and progesterone, respectively. Conclusions.—Although estrogen and progesterone receptor staining is frequently associated with breast and gynecologic primaries, it can also be observed in “nontarget” organs. Therefore, presence of estrogen and/or progesterone expression in neuroendocrine tumors involving the lung should not exclude a primary pulmonary neoplasm.
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12

Poosarla, Pavani, Prasad Bollineni, and Rama Rajasekhar S. "Clinicopathological Evaluation of Metastatic Carcinomas of Bone Marrow Presenting as Cytopenia." Annals of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine 8, no. 6 (July 1, 2021): A147–151. http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/apalm.3056.

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Background – Metastatic carcinomas can involve bone marrow and may lead to subsequent marrow fibrosis and failure. The Bone marrow examination is important in patients diagnosed or patients on chemotherapy for cancer, who presented with peripheral cytopenia. The metastasis of bone marrow by these tumors is a sign of advanced stage of disease with poor prognosis. Methods – Our study is a retrospective study, in which we reviewed a total of 702 bone marrow procedures, out of which 118 bone marrow procedures done in patients with a diagnosis of cancer or patients on chemotherapy presented as cytopenia in Great Eastern Medical College and Hospital during a period of 10 years. Result – In our study of 118 patients 74 males and 44 females. Peripheral smear examination of these cases - 24 out of 32 (75%) presented with anemia, which was the commonest clinical presentation. Others were, thrombocytopenia in 18 (50%), bleeding manifestations in 10 (31.2%), Pancytopenia in 9 (28.1%), bi-cytopenia in 4 (12.5%). During this study period, among 118 malignancies reported in histopathology, 32 cases show bone marrow metastasis. 17.1% were carcinoma breast, 25% were carcinoma stomach 33.3% were carcinoma prostate and carcinoma urinary bladder, 23.5% were SCC carcinoma lung, 0% carcinoma Cervix, all cases of Ewing’s sarcoma, neuroblastoma and poorly differentiated carcinoma show bone marrow metastasis. Conclusion - Bone marrow examination is valuable tool in the diagnosis and staging of hematologic and nonhematological disease, as well as in the assessment of overall bone marrow cellularity, pattern of marrow involvement in metastatic carcinomas.
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13

Onak Kandemir, Nilufer, Figen Barut, Kıvanç Yılmaz, Husnu Tokgoz, Mubin Hosnuter, and Sukru Oguz Ozdamar. "Renal Cell Carcinoma Presenting with Cutaneous Metastasis: A Case Report." Case Reports in Medicine 2010 (2010): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/913734.

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Renal cell carcinoma is the most common kidney tumor in adults. Cutaneous metastasis is a rare first symptom of the disease. This paper describes the diagnosis of a renal cell carcinoma that was indicated by cutaneous metastasis in the head and neck region, and considers the etiopathogenesis of such cases. A careful skin examination is important to detect cutaneous metastasis associated with renal cell carcinomas. Metastatic skin lesions in the head and neck region must be taken into consideration during a differential diagnosis.
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14

Wade, Zane K., John E. Shippey, Gregory A. Hamon, Robert L. Smoak, Pedram Argani, and William C. Allsbrook. "Collision Metastasis of Prostatic and Colonic Adenocarcinoma: Report of 2 Cases." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 128, no. 3 (March 1, 2004): 318–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/2004-128-318-cmopac.

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Abstract Collision metastases of carcinomas in lymph nodes are rare. Carcinoma metastasizing to lymph nodes containing malignant lymphoma has also been reported. The literature contains 3 cases of collision metastasis of prostatic and urothelial carcinoma. To our knowledge, we report the first 2 cases of collision metastasis of prostatic and colonic adenocarcinoma, one involving a mesenteric lymph node and the other involving a perirectal lymph node, both from resections for colonic adenocarcinoma in patients with known metastatic prostatic carcinoma.
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15

Kern, Michael, Gabriel Lee, Peter Robbins, Michael Bynevelt, and Peter Watson. "Intracranial metastatic parathyroid carcinoma." Journal of Neurosurgery 101, no. 6 (December 2004): 1065–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.2004.101.6.1065.

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✓ Parathyroid carcinoma (PTC) is a rare pathological entity, with fewer than 400 reported cases. Intracranial metastasis of a PTC is exceptional; only five other cases have been identified in the English literature. The authors present a unique case of a patient with a solitary intracerebral metastasis of a PTC in an individual presumed to have hereditary hyperparathyroidism who had concomitant papillary and follicular carcinomas of the thyroid. The literature relevant to the management of these rare lesions is reviewed and discussed.
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16

Laga, Alvaro C., Inga Marie Schaefer, Lynette M. Sholl, Christopher A. French, and John Hanna. "Metastatic Basal Cell Carcinoma." American Journal of Clinical Pathology 152, no. 6 (July 29, 2019): 706–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/aqz089.

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Abstract Objectives Diagnosis of metastatic basal cell carcinoma (BCC) remains challenging, in part due to its rarity. With the advent of molecularly targeted therapies, recognition of this entity is more important than ever. Methods We identified 11 cases of metastatic BCC over a 13-year period. We analyzed these tumors in conjunction with their respective primary tumors by histomorphologic, immunohistochemical, and molecular genetic analyses. Results We identified three morphologic patterns of metastasis in BCC. The most common (seven cases) was characterized by completely typical features of BCC. Two cases showed marked squamous differentiation within BCC. The final two cases showed exclusively features of a poorly differentiated carcinoma. One of these was definitively classified by molecular analysis, as both the primary and metastatic tumors harbored the same inactivating PTCH1 mutation. Conclusions This study illustrates multiple distinct morphologic patterns in metastatic BCC and highlights the utility of ancillary molecular testing for accurate diagnosis.
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17

Kadin, M. "Metastatic Carcinoma." ASH Image Bank 2003, no. 0507 (May 7, 2003): 100703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/ashimagebank-2003-100703.

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18

Kumar, Krishna, Jefferson R. Wilson, Qiuyan Li, and Ryan Phillipson. "Pituitary Carcinoma with Subependymal Spread." Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques 33, no. 3 (August 2006): 329–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0317167100005254.

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Pituitary carcinomas have been reported to metastasize systemically and, less commonly, along the craniospinal axis. Metastatic lesions have been reported in the cerebral cortex, cerebellum, spinal cord, leptomeninges, cervical lymph nodes, liver, ovaries, and bone. The authors are unaware of any other examples of subependymal metastases of a pituitary carcinoma. We report such a case.Pituitary carcinoma is rare, accounting for roughly 0.2%1,3-5 of all pituitary tumors, with approximately 140 cases reported in the literature. These tumors are associated with a very high mortality, with 66% of patients dying within the first year after diagnosis. Pituitary carcinomas are differentiated from invasive pituitary adenomas by the presence of non-contiguous craniospinal tumor deposits and/or distant systemic metastases. The majority (88%) of these carcinomas prove to be hormone secreting, with prolactin secreting tumors being the most common. Invasive carcinomas evolve from hormone secreting pituitary adenomas after a latency period. Pituitary carcinomas have a predilection for systemic spread. The rate of systemic metastasis approaches 71% for prolactin producing tumors and 57% for ACTH producing tumors. Thirteen percent of tumors demonstrate both systemic and craniospinal patterns of metastatic spread.
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Yucel, Emre A., Tayfun Demirel, Misten Demiryont, Unal Egeli, and Kemal Deger. "An unusual metastatic site of laryngeal carcinoma: scapular muscles." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 117, no. 1 (January 2003): 85–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/002221503321046757.

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It is well known that in advanced cervical metastatic disease of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, the incidence of distant metastasis is high. A case of distant metastasis to the scapular muscles from an uncontrolled cervical metastasis of laryngeal carcinoma is presented. Other unusual metastatic sites are reviewed and the possible mechanism of the spread is discussed.
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Radojkovic, Milan, Jasmina Gligorijevic, Miroslav Stojanovic, Goran Stanojevic, and Ivan Ilic. "Laparotomy site implantation metastasis of carcinoma of the papilla of Vater." Scottish Medical Journal 62, no. 3 (June 20, 2017): 119–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0036933017715958.

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Introduction Carcinomas of the papilla of Vater make up a heterogeneous group of tumours arising from different types of epithelium. Regional lymph nodes, liver and lungs are the primary sites of metastatic progression of these tumours. Case presentation We present a patient with an abdominal incision site metastasis of low-grade (mixed type) adenocarcinoma of the papilla of Vater one year after pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy. Implantation metastasis of low-grade ampullary carcinoma in the laparotomy wound after open Whipple’s procedure is unusual. Conclusion Adjuvant chemoradiation might be considered for patients with low-grade localised disease as a potentially preventative measure vs. metastatic progression.
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Gholami, Shahzad, Mahin Bakhshi, Saede Atarbashi-Moghadam, Hassan Mir Mohammad Sadeghi, and Arezoo Rahimzamani. "Mandibular Metastasis of Silent Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: A Rare Case Report with Review of the Literature." Case Reports in Dentistry 2020 (April 6, 2020): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8683465.

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Metastasis to the jaws is a rare event; however, it has great importance because it may be the only symptom of an undiagnosed underlying malignancy. Papillary thyroid carcinoma, the commonest histopathologic variant of thyroid cancer, has minimal potential for distant metastasis, and most reported metastatic thyroid carcinomas of the oral cavity have been follicular thyroid carcinoma. The aim of this article is to present a rare case of metastatic papillary thyroid carcinoma, which presented itself as a painless expansion in the anterior region of the mandible in a 56-year-old female, and to review previously published cases of this type of cancer. Reporting rare cases such as this one, together with reviewing previous reports of related rare diseases, will expand the body of knowledge about these uncommon lesions.
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Slim, Ihsen, Aida Mhiri, Imène Meddeb, Aida Goucha, Saïd Gritli, and Mohamed Faouzi Ben Slimene. "Malar Bone Metastasis Revealing a Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma." Case Reports in Otolaryngology 2012 (2012): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/795686.

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Papillary thyroid carcinoma is the most common form of differentiated thyroid carcinoma. It is generally confined to the neck with or without spread to regional lymph nodes. Metastatic thyroid carcinomas are uncommon and mainly include lung and bone. Metastases involving oral and maxillofacial region are extremely rare. We described a case of malar metastasis revealing a follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma, presenting with pain and swelling of the left cheek in a 67-years-old female patient with an unspecified histological left lobo-isthmectomy medical history. To our knowledge, this is the first recorded instance of a malar metastasis from a follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma.
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Shehab, Zaid, Sylvana Desousa, and Ahmes L. Pahor. "Metastasis in tongue from carcinoma of bronchus: a case report." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 108, no. 12 (December 1994): 1099–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215100129019.

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AbstractA case of carcinoma of the lung with a metastasis on the tongue is presented. The case is of interest because, although primary carcinomas of the tongue are fairly common accounting for 50 per cent of all oral carcinomas, metastatic tumour represents only one per cent of all malignant tumours of the oral cavity and of these only 0.2 per cent metastasize to the tongue.
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Martin, Jonathan, Maxwell A. Fung, and Lily Koo Lin. "Breast Cancer Metastasis Masquerading as the Great Masquerader: Sebaceous Cell Carcinoma." Case Reports in Oncology 10, no. 2 (June 6, 2017): 485–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000477339.

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Objective: We describe the case of a patient with metastatic breast cancer who presented with eyelid margin thickening and madarosis more suggestive of sebaceous cell carcinoma than metastatic disease. Histopathology confirmed metastatic breast adenocarcinoma. Case Report: A 59-year-old woman with a known history of metastatic breast carcinoma actively enrolled in a clinical trial presented with a thickened right upper eyelid margin with madarosis and without ulceration. Although the possibility of metastasis was considered, a biopsy was performed to ensure the patient did not have a primary eyelid malignancy such as sebaceous cell carcinoma given her immunocompromised state. Histopathology revealed metastatic breast adenocarcinoma. Conclusions: To the authors’ best knowledge, metastatic breast carcinoma presenting as eyelid margin thickening without ulceration has not previously been reported. Eyelid metastasis is rare, and this patient’s clinical presentation was found to be unusual as well. It is important to establish metastatic disease even in a small focus such as the eyelid, as it may alter disease management.
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Manav, Alper Nesip, Ercan Kazan, Mehmet Şirin Ertek, Akın Soner Amasyalı, Nil Çulhacı, and Haluk Erol. "A Rare Cause of Testicular Metastasis: Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma." Case Reports in Urology 2014 (2014): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/759858.

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Metastatic testicular cancers are rare. Primary tumor sources are prostate, lung, and gastrointestinal tract for metastatic testicular cancers. Metastasis of urothelial carcinoma (UC) to the testis is extremely rare. Two-thirds of upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) is of invasive stage at diagnosis and metastatic sites are the pelvic lymph nodes, liver, lung, and bone. We report a rare case of metastatic UTUC to the testis which has not been reported before, except one case in the literature. Testicular metastasis of UC should be considered in patients with hematuria and testicular swelling.
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Davidson, N. G. P., and A. Wilson. "Tongue metastasis from carcinoma of the rectum." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 103, no. 3 (March 1989): 322–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215100108825.

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AbstractA case report of a patient with carcinoma of the rectum with metastasis to the tongue clinically mimicking a primary tongue neoplasm is described. The patient presented with an ulcer in the tongue three years after undergoing an anterior resection for a Dukes C carcinoma of the rectum. Other asymptomatic metastatic lesions were discovered only after the histology report suggested that the tongue ulcer biopsy was metastatic in origin. Metastatic tumour to the tongue is extremely rare and often occurs at a late stage, when there is disseminated disease. We are not aware of any reported case of tongue metastasis from carcinoma of the rectum.
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27

Günbay, M. U., K. Ceryan, and A. A. Küpelíjogülu. "Metastatic renal carcinoma to the parotid gland." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 103, no. 4 (April 1989): 417–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215100109119.

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AbstractA case of renal carcinoma metastatic to the left parotid gland is presented. A 60-year-old male patient developed a painful mass in his left parotid region one and a half years after he had undergone a left nephrectomy operation for renal carcinoma. The mass was excised surgically. The histopathological diagnosis was metastatic renal carcinoma. From a review of the literature, it is apparent that unlike most of the cases reported, this one had a very aggressive nature. The clinical presentation of the metastasis, and the factors determining the prognosis in cases of metastatic renal carcinoma to the head and neck are discussed.
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28

Gomez, Mariangela, Kerry Whitting, and Rana Naous. "Lobular breast carcinoma metastatic to the endometrium in a patient under tamoxifen therapy: A case report." SAGE Open Medical Case Reports 8 (January 2020): 2050313X2090720. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2050313x20907208.

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Metastatic carcinomas to the uterus are rare and usually originate from nearby gynecologic sites, most commonly from the ovaries. Among non-gynecologic origins, breast tumors are the most frequent primaries, predominantly the lobular carcinoma type. A 69-year-old postmenopausal woman diagnosed with lobular breast carcinoma 5 years ago, status post modified radical mastectomy, and currently on tamoxifen therapy presented with post-menopausal bleeding. Subsequent endometrial biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of metastatic lobular breast carcinoma to the endometrium. Breast carcinomas rarely metastasize to the uterus, especially lobular carcinoma type. Abnormal uterine bleeding in a patient with known history of breast carcinoma and under tamoxifen therapy should prompt a complete diagnostic workup to rule out metastatic disease.
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29

Lenzi, R., M. Marchetti, and L. Muscatello. "Incidental nodal metastasis of differentiated thyroid carcinoma in neck dissection specimens from head and neck cancer patients." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 131, no. 4 (February 28, 2017): 368–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002221511700024x.

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AbstractBackground:Occult differentiated thyroid carcinomas are not uncommon. The initial presentation of a thyroid carcinoma is often detection of a metastatic cervical lymph node.Methods:A retrospective review was performed of the medical records of 304 patients who underwent neck dissection between 1996 and 2008 for squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.Results:Ten patients (3.3 per cent) had nodal metastasis originating from papillary thyroid cancer. All of these patients underwent thyroidectomy and post-operative 131iodine radiometabolic therapy. No patient developed a thyroid tumour after surgery.Conclusion:Despite its metastatic spread, thyroid cancer does not affect the overall prognosis of patients who are already being treated for a more aggressive malignancy. However, in otherwise healthy patients, it is worth treating this second malignancy to avoid potential complications related to local disease or metastatic thyroid cancer.
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30

Saab, Ghaleb A., Fadi W. Abdul-Karim, and Milhem Samara. "Breast carcinoma metastatic to the nasopharynx." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 101, no. 7 (July 1987): 723–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215100102609.

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A case report of a patient with adenocarcinoma of the breast with matastasis to the nasopharynx is described. The patient presented initially with pulmonary metastasis followed later by metastasis to the left jugulo-digastric lymph nodes. A prominent but asymptomatic nasopharyngeal mass was concomitantly discovered on head and neck examination. Three months later, symptoms of panhypopituitarism developed. Invasion of the base of the skull and pituitary were documented. Patients with adenocarcinoma of the breast and high cervical node metastasis should have a thorough otolaryngologic and head and neck evaluation.Metastatic carcinoma to the nasopharynx is an extremely rare occurrence. Only two cases of bronchogenic carcinoma of the lung and two cases of hypernephroma metastatic to the nasopharynx have been reported in the literature (Bernstein et al., 1966). We present what we believe to be the first case of metastatic adenocarcinoma of the breast to the nasopharynx.
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31

Assié, Guillaume, Guillemette Antoni, Frédérique Tissier, Bernard Caillou, Gwenaelle Abiven, Christine Gicquel, Sophie Leboulleux, et al. "Prognostic Parameters of Metastatic Adrenocortical Carcinoma." Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 92, no. 1 (January 1, 2007): 148–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jc.2006-0706.

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Abstract Context: Prognostic parameters of metastatic adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) are poorly characterized. Objective: The objective of the study was to describe the clinical presentation of metastatic ACC and determine prognostic factors for survival. Design: This was a retrospective cohort study (1988–2004). Setting: The study was conducted in an institutional practice. Patients: Participants included 124 consecutive patients with metastatic ACC, 70 from Gustave-Roussy Institute (main cohort) and 54 patients from the Cochin Hospital (validation cohort). Clinical data concerning all patients, histopathologic slides of primary tumors (44 in the main cohort and 40 in the validation cohort), and molecular biology data on 15 primary tumors (main cohort) were analyzed. Intervention: There was no intervention. Main Outcome: The main outcome was the specific survival after discovery of the first metastasis (Kaplan-Meier method). This included univariate analysis on the main cohort, confirmed on the validation cohort and then analyzed in a multivariate analysis. Results: In the main cohort, overall median survival was 20 months. In univariate analysis, the presence of hepatic and bone metastases, the number of metastatic lesions and the number of tumoral organs at the time of the first metastasis, a high mitotic rate (&gt;20 per 50 high-power field), and atypical mitoses in the primary tumor predicted survival (P = 0.05, 0.003, 0.046, 0.001, 0.01, and &lt; 0.001, respectively). The number of tumoral organs and a high mitotic rate were confirmed on the validation cohort (P = 0.009 and 0.03, respectively). These two parameters were confirmed in multivariate analysis (P = 0.0058 and 0.049). Conclusion: Metastatic ACC is a heterogeneous disease with poor outcome. The combination of the number of tumoral organs at the time of the first metastasis and the mitotic rate can predict different outcomes.
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32

Cunico, S. Cosciani, A. Cozzoli, G. Pezzotti, D. Zani, G. Cancarini, D. Sironi, and G. P. Da Pozzo. "Prognostic factors in metastatic renal cell carcinoma." Urologia Journal 64, no. 2 (April 1997): 213–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/039156039706400209.

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– One-third of patients with renal cell carcinoma present with metastatic desease, while 30-40% of the remainder will eventually develop distant metastases within 5 years after radical nephrectomy. The median survival for patients with metastastic RCC is less than 1 year. We report our experience on the treatment of metastatic RCC from 1983 to 1993.
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33

Wang, Gang, Chen Zhou, Carlos F. Villamil, Alan So, Ren Yuan, John C. English, and Edward C. Jones. "Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma to the Testis: A Clinicopathologic Analysis of Five Cases." Case Reports in Pathology 2020 (March 4, 2020): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9394680.

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The testicular spread of renal cell carcinoma is extremely rare. Five cases of renal cell carcinoma metastatic to the testis are described. The patients ranged from 45 to 81 years of age. Four of the five patients had known renal cell carcinoma. The time intervals between the partial and radical nephrectomies for the primary kidney tumors and the occurrence of testicular metastases ranged from 29 to 34 months. In one patient, the testicular mass was the initial presentation leading to a diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma. There were three ipsilateral metastases, one contralateral metastasis, and one bilateral metastasis. The metastatic deposits ranged in size from 2.0 to 5.7 cm. One case had multiple metastatic tumor nodules. All of the metastatic tumors had clear cell histological features, microscopically concordant with the primary renal cell carcinoma subtype. Three patients died of the disease 17 to 42 months after orchiectomy. One patient is alive with additional metastatic lesions 13 months after orchiectomy. One patient had been free of disease at 87 months after orchiectomy but is now on targeted therapy for an additional metastasis at 93 months after orchiectomy. To date, this report is one of the largest single series of patients with renal cell carcinoma metastatic to the testis, and it has the longest follow-up and survival among all the reported cases.
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34

Bergeron, Anthony, Isabelle Desmoulins, Francoise Beltjens, Sylvain Causeret, Celine Charon-Barra, Etienne Martin, Corentin Richard, Romain Boidot, and Laurent Arnould. "An exceptional metaplastic lobular breast carcinoma diagnosed through exome sequencing." Journal of Clinical Pathology 73, no. 9 (January 24, 2020): 597–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jclinpath-2019-205783.

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Metaplastic breast carcinoma is a rare subtype of breast cancer. This subtype is mostly found in association with poorly differentiated ductal breast carcinomas and rarely with other breast carcinoma types. We report the case of a 69-year-old woman with an exceptional invasive lobular breast carcinoma associated with metaplastic squamous cell bone metastasis occurring 2 years after the initial breast cancer diagnosis. Whole-exome sequencing and subsequent immunohistochemistry of the lesions were used to link the squamous cell bone metastasis of unknown origin to the primary breast carcinoma initially diagnosed. Searching for primary carcinoma when metastatic lesions of unknown origin occur can be complex. Current molecular biology techniques may help pathologists in associating metastasis with the primary carcinoma by identifying shared specific gene mutations, even when different morphological and immunohistochemical profiles are observed between the tumours.
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35

Zhang, Li, Po Ding, Hongcheng Lv, Dan Zhang, Guang Liu, Zhengduo Yang, Yan Li, Jun Liu, and Shiwu Zhang. "Number of Polyploid Giant Cancer Cells and Expression of EZH2 Are Associated with VM Formation and Tumor Grade in Human Ovarian Tumor." BioMed Research International 2014 (2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/903542.

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To investigate the associations among the number of polyploid giant cancer cells (PGCCs) and vasculogenic mimicry (VM), EZH2 expression, and serous ovarian tumor grade, a total of 80 paraffin-embedded serous ovarian tumor samples including 21 cases of primary carcinoma and their metastatic tumors, 26 cases of primary carcinoma without metastasis, and 12 cases of serous borderline cystadenoma were analyzed. PGCCs and VM were detected in human serous ovarian tumor. The metastatic foci of ovarian carcinoma had the highest number of PGCCs and VM. The number of PGCCs and VM increased with the grade of ovarian carcinomas. PGCCs generated erythrocytes via budding and together they formed VM. Tumor cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts were positive for EZH2 immunohistochemical staining. The tumor cells and cancer associated fibroblasts in the metastatic foci had the highest staining index of EZH2 staining. Both tumor cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts express EZH2 which then contributes to the malignant grade of serous ovarian tumor.
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36

Deng, Yu-Wei, Yi-Wen Li, Wen-Jing Hao, and Dan Lu. "A Clinical Observation of Thymic Epithelial Tumor Metastatic to Breast." Breast Care 13, no. 2 (2018): 133–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000486028.

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Background: Thymic carcinoma is prone to early metastasis and invasion, while its metastasis to the breast is particularly unique. Case Report: We describe a case of thymic epithelial tumor metastatic to the breast fulfilling clinical diagnostic criteria. A 47-year-old female patient diagnosed with stage IV thymic carcinoma and previously treated with chemoradiation was diagnosed with metastatic breast cancer during a periodic review. Color Doppler ultrasonography showed a low-echo real occupancy in the breast. Pathological examination of the breast mass confirmed the diagnosis of thymic carcinoma metastasis. Conclusion: Hematogenous metastasis of thymic carcinoma to the breast is rare but not exceptional, and long-term survival can be expected with appropriate treatment.
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37

Li, Rongshan, Jorge L. Yao, Patricia A. Bourne, P. Anthony di Sant'Agnese, and Jiaoti Huang. "Frequent Expression of Human Carcinoma-Associated Antigen, a Mucin-Type Glycoprotein, in Cells of Prostatic Carcinoma." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 128, no. 12 (December 1, 2004): 1412–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/2004-128-1412-feohca.

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Abstract Context.—Human carcinoma-associated antigen (HCA) is a mucin glycoprotein recognized by antibodies raised against epiglycanin, the latter having been originally purified from mouse mammary carcinoma cells. Human carcinoma-associated antigen expression is increased in sera of patients with various carcinomas, including prostatic carcinoma. However, to our knowledge, expression of HCA in benign and neoplastic prostatic tissue has not been studied. Objective.—To compare the expression of HCA in cells of primary and metastatic prostatic carcinomas with its expression in non–carcinoma-associated cells. Design.—We studied 40 cases of primary and 36 cases of metastatic prostatic carcinomas by immunohistochemical staining with anti-HCA monoclonal antibodies G1 and HAE3. The blocks from primary carcinomas also contained normal prostatic tissue (40 cases), benign prostatic hyperplasia (16 cases), and high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (32 cases). Results.—The 2 antibodies stained carcinomas more frequently than normal prostatic tissue, hyperplasia, and prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (P &lt; .001). The differences in the staining of low-grade versus high-grade tumors was not statistically significant with either antibody. The staining was present in the cytoplasm and on the luminal membrane surface of the tumor cells and in the luminal secretions. In metastatic prostatic carcinomas, G1 and HAE3 staining was positive in 44% and 67% of the cases, respectively. Conclusions.—Our results showed that mucin protein HCA is overexpressed in cells of prostatic carcinoma, which may have value in diagnosis and therapy. Its role in carcinogenesis also merits further study.
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38

Stevens, Todd M., Alan T. Richards, Chhanda Bewtra, and Poonam Sharma. "Tumors Metastatic to Thyroid Neoplasms: A Case Report and Review of the Literature." Pathology Research International 2011 (March 31, 2011): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4061/2011/238693.

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Metastasis into a thyroid neoplasm—tumor-to-tumor metastasis—is exceedingly rare. We describe the 28th documented case of a tumor metastatic to a thyroid neoplasm and review the literature on tumor-to-tumor metastasis involving a thyroid neoplasm as recipient. All cases showed a recipient thyroid neoplasm with an abrupt transition to a morphologically distinct neoplasm. Metastasis into primary thyroid neoplasm was synchronous in 33% of cases and metachronous in 67%. Follicular adenoma was the most common recipient thyroid neoplasm overall (16/28), and papillary thyroid carcinoma was the most common malignant recipient neoplasm (9/28). Of the 9 recipient papillary carcinomas, 6 were follicular variants. Renal cell carcinoma was the most common neoplasm to metastasize to a primary thyroid neoplasm (9/28), followed by lung (6/28), breast (5/28), and colon (3/28) carcinoma. Tumor-to-tumor metastasis should be considered whenever a dimorphic pattern is encountered in a thyroid tumor.
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39

Galili, Yehuda, Meghan Lytle, Jonathan Bartolomei, Kataria Amandeep, Nichole Allen, S. J. Carlan, and Mario Madruga. "Clear-Cell Carcinoma of the Ovary with Bilateral Breast Metastases." Case Reports in Oncological Medicine 2019 (April 28, 2019): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/8013913.

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Ovarian clear-cell carcinoma is an uncommon subtype of epithelial ovarian carcinoma. It carries a generally poor prognosis because of its resistance to standard treatment and metastatic spread to vital organs. Metastasis to the breast is rare and bilateral breast metastasis is unreported. A 61-year-old white female with a 5-year status poststandard therapy for stage IC clear-cell ovarian carcinoma presented with widespread metastasis. Tissue analysis revealed ovarian cancer metastasis to the breasts bilaterally. Clinical awareness of this metastatic potential is important when staging and developing a treatment plan for patients with ovarian clear-cell cancer.
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40

Mandell-Brown, Mark, Jonas T. Johnson, Bruce S. Rabin, Ellen Hamill, and Robin L. Wagner. "Neck Node Immunoreactivity in Head and Neck Carcinoma." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 95, no. 4 (November 1986): 500–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019459988609500414.

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T-lymphocyte subpopulations were quantitated in lymph nodes that contained metastatic tumor—or no metastasis—from patients who had squamous cell carcinoma of the upper aerodigestive tract. In addition, the lymphocyte subpopulations in peripheral blood were quantitated. The content of prostaglandin E2 within each node that was evaluated was also determined. Lymph nodes containing metastatic tumor had significantly higher helper/suppressor ratio than lymph nodes that were not involved. Quantification of the T-lymphocyte subpopulations in peripheral blood did not indicate the presence of metastatic disease. Significantly more prostaglandin E2 was present in lymph nodes containing metastatic disease, in comparison to lymph nodes without metastatic disease. Thus, both the lymphocyte subpopulations and prostaglandin levels were found to differentiate lymph nodes with metastasis from those without.
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41

Kito, Katsumi, Toshiharu Maeda, Keiko Ninomiya, Atsuro Sugita, Teiri Sagawa, Kinya Matsuoka, Kousei Kinoshita, Naoki Hyodo, Nagisa Morita, and Keizo Furuya. "HER2-Positive Metaplastic Spindle Cell Carcinoma Associated with Synchronous Bilateral Apocrine Carcinoma of the Breast." Case Reports in Pathology 2014 (2014): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/310829.

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Apocrine carcinoma, which is strictly defined as over 90% of tumor cells showing apocrine differentiation, is a rare variant of breast cancer. Here we report an uncommon case in which apocrine carcinomas developed concurrently in both breasts; in addition, a sarcomatoid spindle cell lesion was coincident in the right breast. Both apocrine carcinomas were immunohistochemically negative for estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PgR), but diffusely positive for androgen receptor (AR), GCDFP-15, and HER2. The presence of intraductal components in bilateral carcinomas and the absence of lymph node metastasis suggested that they were more likely to be individual primary lesions rather than metastatic disease. The spindle cell lesion showed a relatively well-circumscribed nodule contiguous with the apocrine carcinoma. HER2 oncoprotein overexpression was observed not only in the apocrine carcinoma, but also in the spindle cell lesion. Since the spindle cell component was intimately admixed with apocrine carcinoma and had focal cytokeratin expression, we diagnosed it as metaplastic spindle cell carcinoma, which was originated from the apocrine carcinoma. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of a patient with synchronous bilateral apocrine carcinomas coinciding with metaplastic carcinoma.
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42

Chapagain, U., S. Neupane, S. Tuladhar, S. Pradhananga, RB Basnet, and S. Regmi. "Prostatic cancer with metastasis to the testis – A case report." Journal of Pathology of Nepal 5, no. 9 (March 27, 2015): 784–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jpn.v5i9.13792.

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Metastatic carcinoma to the testis is very rare.The incidence of secondary testicular tumors ranges from 0.02 to 2.5% among autopsies ingeneral. Despite the high incidence of prostatic adenocarcinoma and its ability for wide dissemination, metastatic cancer to the testis is a rare phenomenon of prostate carcinoma with only 80 cases reported in the literature.It is diagnosed in autopsies or incidentally, following therapeutic orchiectomies in moreadvanced stages of the disease.Ours is the very first case of prostatic carcinoma metastasizing to the testis, being reported from our country. We are reporting this case because of the rarity of metastasis of prostatic carcinoma to testis and for stressing the need for keeping in mind the possibility of metastatic carcinoma also while dealing with testicular tumors. In our case, unilateral testicular metastasis was detected incidentally after bilateral orchiectomy for hormonal management of metastatic prostatecarcinoma. The metastatic lesion was not identified in physical examination or in macroscopic dissection of the testis after surgery. Microscopy revealed an adenocarcinoma which, given the history of the patient and a positive immunohistochemical stain for PSA, was identified as metastatic prostatic adenocarcinoma.Journal of Pathology of Nepal (2015) Vol. 5, 784-786
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43

Kundu, Eynon-Lewis, and Radcliffe. "Extensive metastatic renal cell carcinoma presenting as facial nerve palsy." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 115, no. 6 (June 2001): 488–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/0022215011908009.

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Metastatic lesions of the parotid gland are well described in the literature. Metastatic spread to the parotid from renal cell carcinoma is rare. We present the only reported case of facial nerve palsy caused by a metastasis to the parotid from a renal cell carcinoma.
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44

Conlin, Phillip A., Jose Luis Mira, Suzanne C. Graham, Kim Sutker Kaye, and Joehassin Cordero. "Ceruminous Gland Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma With Contralateral Metastasis to the Brain." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 126, no. 1 (January 1, 2002): 87–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/2002-126-0087-cgaccw.

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Abstract We present the case of a 38-year-old man with an adenoid cystic carcinoma originating from the ceruminous glands of the external ear canal. The patient subsequently presented with a contralateral brain mass that was also diagnosed as adenoid cystic carcinoma. To our knowledge, contralateral metastasis to the brain of a patient with an adenoid cystic carcinoma of the ceruminous glands has not been reported previously. This rare neoplasm should be considered in the differential diagnosis of poorly differentiated carcinomas metastatic to the central nervous system in patients with occult malignant neoplasms.
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45

Motzer, Robert J. "IL-7 Targeted Therapy for Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma." Japanese Journal of Urology 98, no. 2 (2007): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5980/jpnjurol.98.60.

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46

Zerbib, Frank, Yves Bécouarn, Eberhard Stöckle, Alain Ravaud, and René Brunet. "Colonic Metastasis of a Renal Carcinoma. A Case Report." Tumori Journal 78, no. 3 (June 1992): 219–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030089169207800316.

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A 64 year-old man with a metastatic clear-cell renal carcinoma experienced low intestinal bleeding. The endoscopy revealed a polypoid mass in the left colon which proved to be a metastasis of the renal carcinoma. This is an uncommon cause of intestinal hemorrhage, and a rare localization of metastatic deposits.
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47

SATO, Hidetsugu, Seigo HIGASHI, Jun YAMAGUCHI, Kazumi TSUJINO, Shuichi INABA, Takashi YOSHIKAWA, Tsuguo TERAI, et al. "Metastatic Skin Carcinoma." JOURNAL OF THE JAPANESE ASSOCIATION OF RURAL MEDICINE 43, no. 4 (1994): 964–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2185/jjrm.43.964.

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48

Schmidt, Andrew H., Gordon Walker, Richard E. Kyle, and Roby C. Thompson. "Periprosthetic metastatic carcinoma." Journal of Arthroplasty 11, no. 5 (August 1996): 613–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0883-5403(96)80119-7.

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49

Kummar, S., and N. Q. Shafi. "Metastatic Hepatocellular Carcinoma." Clinical Oncology 15, no. 5 (August 2003): 288–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0936-6555(03)00067-0.

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50

Arnold, Anthony C., John D. Bullock, and Robert Y. Foos. "Metastatic Eyelid Carcinoma." Ophthalmology 92, no. 1 (January 1985): 114–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0161-6420(85)34072-1.

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