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Daou, Ramzy. "Itinerant electron metamagnets." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.615263.
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Ara?jo, Carlos Alexandre Amaral. "Polaritons em materiais magn?ticos nanoestruturados." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2007. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/16662.
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Previous issue date: 2007-06-15In this work we present a theoretical study about the properties of magnetic polaritons in superlattices arranged in a periodic and quasiperiodic fash?ons. In the periodic superlattice, in order to describe the behavior of the bulk and surface modes an effective medium approach, was used that simplify enormously the algebra involved. The quasi-periodic superlattice was described by a suitable theoretical model based on a transfer-matrix treatment, to derive the polariton's dispersion relation, using Maxwell's equations (including effect of retardation). Here, we find a fractal spectra characterized by a power law for the distribution of the energy bandwidths. The localization and scaling behavior of the quasiperiodic structure were studied for a geometry where the wave vector and the external applied magnetic field are in the same plane (Voigt geometry). Numerical results are presented for the ferromagnet Fe and for the metamagnets FeBr2 and FeCl2
Neste trabalho apresentamos um estudo te?rico sobre as propriedades dos polaritons magn?ticos em super-redes organizadas em padr?es peri?dico e quasiperi?dico. Na super-rede peri?dica, objetivando descrever o comportamento destes modos, tanto no volume quanto na superf?cie, foi utilizada a teoria do meio efetivo, que facilita enormemente a ?lgebra envolvida. Para a superrede quasi-peri?dica usamos um conveniente modelo te?rico baseado no trata mento da matriz-tranfer?ncia, para derivar a rela??o de dispers?o, utilizando as equa??es de Maxwell (incluindo efeitos de retardamento). Aqui, encontramos um espectro fractal caracterizado por uma lei de pot?ncia para a distribui??o de bandas de energia. A localiza??o e o comportamento de escala da estrutura quasi-peri?dica s?o estudadas numa geometria onde o vetor de onda e o campo aplicado est?o no mesmo plano (geometria de Voigt). Resultados num?ricos s?o apresentados para o ferromagneto Fe e para os metamagnetos FeBr2 e FeCl2
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Kitagawa, Kentaro. "Itinerant metamagnetism and metamagnetic quantum criticality in Sr3Ru2O7 revealed by 17O-NMR." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/136747.
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Petracic, Oleg. "Feldinduzierte Ordnungsphänomene im Metamagneten Fe1-xMgxBr2 . Field induced order phenomena in the Metamagnet Fe1-xMgxBr2." Gerhard-Mercator-Universitaet Duisburg, 2001. http://www.ub.uni-duisburg.de/ETD-db/theses/available/duett-05212001-112225/.
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Metamagnets have been playing an important role as model systems in the physics of phase transitions for 30 years. Especially the isolating substances FeCl2 and FeBr2 have attracted much interest both in experimental and theoretical physics. In this thesis we focus on experimental investigations of Fe1-xMgxBr2 with x = 0 and 0.05. By SQUID-magnetometry, SQUID-susceptometry, elastic neutron scattering and calorimetry we studied the magnetic phase boundaries and especially the recently found new phase transition at H=H1(T) (Aruga Katori et al. 1996). Also we arrived to a physical understanding of the non-critical fluctuations at H=H-(T) in terms of a smeared 2-dimensional phase transition of the spin down sublattice.
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Weizenmann, Antonio. "Metamagneto em Campos MagnÃticos Uniforme e AleatÃrio." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2005. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=2900.
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CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de NÃvel SuperiorO diagrama de fase de um metamagneto de Ising em um campo magnÃtico uniforme e em um campo magnÃtico aleatÃrio à estudado usando teoria de campo mÃdio derivado do princÃpio variacional de Bogoliubov. O diagrama de fase exibe comportamento tricrÃtico e fenÃmeno de reentrÃncia para determinados valores do campo magnÃtico aleatÃrio acima de um certo valor crÃtico. O fenÃmeno de reentrÃncia à devido Ãs competiÃÃes entre as interaÃÃes ferromagnÃticas, antiferromagnÃticas, campo magnÃtico uniforme e o campo magnÃtico aleatÃrio. Em particular, se o modelo exibe uma transiÃÃo em campo aleatÃrio zero, entÃo a distribuiÃÃo bimodal nunca destrÃi esta transiÃÃo de primeira ordem, em contradiÃÃo ao caso de uma distribuiÃÃo trimodal.
The phase diagram of an Ising metamagnet in an uniform magnetic field and in a random magnetic field is studied using a mean field theory derived from Bogoliubov variational principle. The phase diagram displays tricritical behavior and reentrance phenomenon for determined values of the random magnetic field above a certain critical value. The reentrance phenomenon is due to the competition between the other interactions ferromagnetic, anti-ferromagnetic, uniform magnetic field and the random magnetic field. In particular, if the model exhibits a first-order transition in zero random field, then a bimodal distribution never destroys this first-order transition, in contradiction to the case of a trimodal distribution.
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Weizenmann, Antonio. "Metamagneto em Campos Magnéticos Uniforme e Aleatório." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFC, 2005. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/12896.
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WEIZENMANN, Antonio. Metamagneto em Campos Magnéticos Uniforme e Aleatório. 2005. 73 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Física) - Programa de Pós-Graduação em Física, Departamento de Física, Centro de Ciências, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, 2005.Submitted by Edvander Pires (edvanderpires@gmail.com) on 2015-06-18T19:51:43Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2005_dis_aweizenmann.pdf: 912602 bytes, checksum: f422d0ce3a5adb586412bd8880fbbd3f (MD5)
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The phase diagram of an Ising metamagnet in an uniform magnetic field and in a random magnetic field is studied using a mean field theory derived from Bogoliubov variational principle. The phase diagram displays tricritical behavior and reentrance phenomenon for determined values of the random magnetic field above a certain critical value. The reentrance phenomenon is due to the competition between the other interactions ferromagnetic, anti-ferromagnetic, uniform magnetic field and the random magnetic field. In particular, if the model exhibits a first-order transition in zero random field, then a bimodal distribution never destroys this first-order transition, in contradiction to the case of a trimodal distribution.
O diagrama de fase de um metamagneto de Ising em um campo magnético uniforme e em um campo magnético aleatório é estudado usando teoria de campo médio derivado do princípio variacional de Bogoliubov. O diagrama de fase exibe comportamento tricrítico e fenômeno de reentrância para determinados valores do campo magnético aleatório acima de um certo valor crítico. O fenômeno de reentrância é devido às competições entre as interações ferromagnéticas, antiferromagnéticas, campo magnético uniforme e o campo magnético aleatório. Em particular, se o modelo exibe uma transição em campo aleatório zero, então a distribuição bimodal nunca destrói esta transição de primeira ordem, em contradição ao caso de uma distribuição trimodal.
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Baumfeld, Oliver Lukas. "Magnetoelastic coupling and tricritical metamagnetism." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/53072.
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Magneto-elastic coupling plays a significant role in magnetocaloric materials for magnetic refrigeration at room temperature. It can lead to the existence of a so-called tricritical point where a metamagnetic phase transition changes from first order to second order. Controlling tricriticallity allows us to control the hysteresis of the metamagnetic transition which is of relevance for cyclic application of a magnetic field in a cooling device. This thesis investigates the two incommensurate antiferromagnets CoMnSi and NiMn(Ge,Si) by means of powder neutron diffraction and magnetisation measurements. The correlation between structural parameters and the magnetic structure is established. In CoMnSi a very broad magneto-elastic phase transition is found to go hand in hand with the changes in thermomagnetic hysteresis and a new cycloidal ground state is proposed. In NiMn(Ge,Si) a first order transition between two antiferromagnetic states in zero field is responsible for the changes in the metamagnetic critical field. The antiferromagnetic exchange interaction decreases with the silicon content and it is found that this is correlated with a decrease in the strength of the magneto-elastic coupling. Furthermore this thesis investigates the peak splitting in the metamagnet La(Fe,Si)13H due to hydrogen diffusion which is a direct consequence of strong magneto-volume coupling. By means of time- and temperature-dependent magnetisation measurements the diffusion constant D is estimated to be approximately between 10E-15 and 10E-16 m^2s^-1 at room temperature. It is shown that the thermodynamic driving force behind hydrogen diffusion and phase segregation may be attributed to the lower free energy of hydrogen interstitials in the ferromagnetic state relative to the paramagnetic state.
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Howard, Bruce Kenneth. "Light and heavy quasiparticles in the metamagnet CeRuâ†2Siâ†2." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.292781.
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Karube, Kosuke. "Ferromagnetic critical behavior and critical universality in itinerant-electron metamagnet UCoAl." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/199086.
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Rost, A. W. "Magnetothermal properties near quantum criticality in the itinerant metamagnet Sr₃Ru₂O₇ /." St Andrews, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/837.
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Rost, Andreas W. "Magnetothermal properties near quantum criticality in the itinerant metamagnet Sr₃Ru₂O₇." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/837.
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The search for novel quantum states is a fundamental theme in condensed matter physics. The almost boundless number of possible materials and complexity of the theory of electrons in solids make this both an experimentally and theoretically exciting and challenging research field. Particularly, the concept of quantum criticality resulted in a range of discoveries of novel quantum phases, which can become thermodynamically stable in the vicinity of a second order phase transition at zero temperature due to the existence of quantum critical fluctuations. One of the materials in which a novel quantum phase is believed to form close to a proposed quantum critical point is Sr₃Ru₂O₇. In this quasi-two-dimensional metal, the critical end point of a line of metamagnetic first order phase transitions can be suppressed towards zero temperature, theoretically leading to a quantum critical end point. Before reaching absolute zero, one experimentally observes the formation of an anomalous phase region, which has unusual ‘nematic-like’ transport properties. In this thesis magnetocaloric effect and specific heat measurements are used to systematically study the entropy of Sr₃Ru₂O₇ as a function of both magnetic field and temperature. It is shown that the boundaries of the anomalous phase region are consistent with true thermodynamic equilibrium phase transitions, separating the novel quantum phase from the surrounding ‘normal’ states. The anomalous phase is found to have a higher entropy than the low and high field states as well as a temperature dependence of the specific heat which deviates from standard Fermi liquid predictions. Furthermore, it is shown that the entropy in the surrounding ‘normal’ states increases significantly towards the metamagnetic region. In combination with data from other experiments it is concluded that these changes in entropy are most likely caused by many body effects related to the underlying quantum phase transition.
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Lin, Chunqing. "Crystallographic study on Ni-Mn-Sn metamagnetic shape memory alloys." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0359.
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En tant que nouveau matériau magnétique à mémoire de forme, les alliages basés sur le système Ni-Mn-Sn possèdent de multiples propriétés physiques telles que l'effet de mémoire de forme des alliages polycristallins, l'effet magnétocalorique géant, l'effet de magnétorésistance et l'effet de polarisation d'échange. Jusqu'à présent, la plupart des études ont été axées sur l'amélioration des multifonctionnalités de ces alliages, mais l'information fondamentale qui est fortement associée à ces propriétés n'est toujours pas claire. Ainsi, une étude approfondie sur les structures cristallines de la martensite et de l'austénite, les caractéristiques microstructurales et cristallographiques de la transformation martensitique a été menée dans le cadre du présent travail de doctorat. Il a été confirmé que l'austénite de Ni50Mn37.5Sn12.5 possède une structure cubique L21 (Fm3 ̅m, No.225). Le paramètre de réseau de l'austénite dans Ni50Mn37.5Sn12.5 est aA = 5.9813 Å. La martensite possède une structure orthorhombique (4O) à quatre couches (Pmma, No.51). Les paramètres de réseau de la martensite dans Ni50Mn38Sn12 et Ni50Mn37.5Sn12.5 sont a4O = 8.6068 Å; b4O = 5.6226 Å and c4O = 4.3728 Å, and a4O = 8.6063 Å, b4O = 5.6425 Å, and c4O = 4.3672Å, respectivement. La martensite 4O Ni-Mn-Sn présente une microstructure hiérarchiquement maclée. La martensite est organisée en larges plaques dans le grain d'austénite d'origine. Les plaques contiennent des colonies à forme irrégulière avec deux modèles caractéristiques de microstructures : le motif lamellaire classique et le motif en arête de poisson. Dans chaque colonie, il existe quatre variantes d'orientation (A, B, C et D) et elles forment trois types de macles (Type I, Type II et macles composées). Les interfaces entre les variantes correspondantes sont en coincidence avec leur plan de maclage K1. Les plans d'interface des paires de macles composées A-D et B-C peuvent avoir une ou deux orientations différentes, ce qui conduit aux deux modèles microstructuraux. Les variantes correspondantes dans les colonies voisines dans une même large plaque (colonies intra-plaques) possèdent des orientations proches et le joint de colonie est courbé, tandis que la limite de colonie inter-plaques est relativement droite. La relation d’orientation de Pitsch (Orientation Relation OR), spécifiée comme {1 0 1} A//{22 ̅1}4O and <1 0 1 ̅> A//<1 ̅2 2>4O, a été exclusivement déterminée à être une OR effective entre l'austénite cubique et la martensite modulée 4O. Sous cette OR, 24 variantes peuvent être générées dans un grain d'austénite. Ces 24 variantes sont organisées en 6 groupes et chaque groupe correspond à une colonie de martensite. La structure de martensite finement maclée (microstructure sandwich) est le composant microstructural de base produit par la transformation martensitique. Une telle structure assure une interface de phase invariante (plan d'habitat) pour la transformation. Au cours de la transformation, les variantes de la martensite sont organisées en clusters en forme de diamant composés de colonies de variantes et avec des structures en forme de coin au front de transformation. Chaque coin est composé de deux structures sandwich séparées par un plan de nervure médiane {1 0 1}A. Les paires de variantes dans chaque coin devraient avoir le même type de macles avec une relation de Type I ou de Type II pour garantir de bonnes compatibilités géométriques des variantes à l'interface de phase et au plan de la nervure centrale. Dans les diamants, les colonies sont séparées par des frontières présentant des marches à faible énergie interfaciale qui évoluent vers les joints des colonies intra-plaques et par des joints droits qui deviennent les joints entre les plaques. Les diamants s'allongent le long de la direction presque parallèle aux plans de la nervure centrale des coins et la forme de la plaque de la martensite est finalement formée. [...]Being a novel magnetic shape memory material, Ni-Mn-Sn based alloy systems possess multiple physical properties, such as shape memory effect of polycrystalline alloys, giant magnetocaloric effect, large magnetoresistance effect and exchange bias effect. So far, most studies have been focused on the improvement of the multifunctionalities of these alloys, but the fundamental information which is highly associated with these properties is still unclear. Thus, a thorough study on the crystal structures of martensite and austenite, microstructural and crystallographic features of martensitic transformation has been conducted in the present PhD work. The austenite of Ni50Mn37.5Sn12.5 was confirmed to possess a L21 cubic structure (Fm"3" ̅m, No.225). The lattice parameter of austenite in Ni50Mn37.5Sn12.5 is aA=5.9813 Å. The martensite possesses a four-layered orthorhombic (4O) structure (Pmma, No.51). The lattice parameters of martensite in Ni50Mn38Sn12 and Ni50Mn37.5Sn12.5 are a4O = 8.6068 Å; b4O = 5.6226 Å and c4O = 4.3728 Å, and a4O = 8.6063 Å, b4O = 5.6425 Å, and c4O = 4.3672Å, respectively. The 4O Ni-Mn-Sn martensite exhibits a hierarchically twinned microstructure. The martensite is organized into broad plates in the original austenite grain. The plates contain irregularly shaped colonies with two characteristic microstructural patterns: classical lamellar pattern and herring-bone pattern. In each colony, there are four orientation variants (A, B, C and D) and they form three types of twins (Type I, Type II and compound twin). The interfaces between the corresponding variants are in coincidence with their twinning plane K1. The interface planes of the compound twin pairs A-D and B-C can have one or two different orientations, which leads to the two microstructural patterns. The corresponding variants in the neighboring colonies within one broad plate (intra plate colonies) possess close orientations and colony boundary is curved, whereas the inter plate colony boundary is relatively straight. The Pitsch OR, specified as "{1 0 1}" A//"{2 " "2" ̅" " "1" ̅"}" 4O and "<1 0 " "1" ̅">" A//"<" "1" ̅" " "2" ̅" 2>" 4O, was uniquely determined to be an effective OR between the cubic austenite and 4O modulated martensite. Under this OR, 24 variants can be generated within one austenite grain. Such 24 variants are organized into 6 groups and each group corresponds to a martensite colony. The finely twinned martensite structure (sandwich microstructure) is the basic microstructural constitute produced by martensitic transformation. Such a structure ensures an invariant phase interface (habit plane) for the transformation. During the transformation, martensite variants are organized into diamond shaped clusters composed of variant colonies and with wedge shaped structures at the transformation front. Each wedge is composed of two sandwich structures separating by a midrib plane {1 0 1}A. The variant pairs in each wedge should have the same twin type with either Type I or Type II relation to ensure good geometrical compatibilities of the variants at phase interface and at the midrib plane. Within the diamonds, colonies are separated by step-like boundaries with low interfacial energy that evolve into the intra plate colony boundaries and by straight boundaries that become the inter plate colony boundaries. The diamonds elongates along the direction nearly paralleled to the midrib planes of the wedges and plate shape of martensite is finally formed. Such features of the diamond structure in Ni-Mn-Sn alloys are realized by self-accommodation of transformation strains for energy minimization. The present work provides comprehensive microstructural and crystallographic information on martensite and on martensitic transforamtion of Ni-Mn-Sn alloys and it is useful for understanding their multi functionalities associated with martensitic transformation and helpful on property optimization
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Bruin, Jan Adrianus Nathan. "Transport studies of the itinerant metamagnet Sr₃Ru₂O₇ near its quantum critical point." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/3656.
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Strongly correlated metals are known to give rise to a variety of exotic states. In particular, if a system is tuned towards a quantum critical point, new ordered phases may arise. Sr₃Ru₂O₇ is a quasi-two dimensional metal in which field-tuned quantum criticality has been observed. In very pure single crystals of this material, a phase with unusual transport properties forms in the vicinity of its quantum critical point. Upon the application of a small in-plane field, electrical resistivity becomes anisotropic, a phenomenon which has led to the naming of this phase as an `electron nematic'. The subject of this thesis is a study of the electrical transport in high purity crystals of Sr₃Ru₂O₇. We modified an adiabatic demagnetisation refrigerator to create the conditions by which the entire temperature-field phase diagram can be explored. In particular, this allowed us to access the crossover between the low-temperature Fermi liquid and the quantum critical region. We also installed a triple axis `vector magnet' with which the applied magnetic field vector can be continuously rotated within the anisotropic phase. We conclude that the low- and high-field Fermi liquid properties have a complex dependence on magnetic field and temperature, but that a simple multiple band model can account for some of these effects, and reconcile the measured specific heat, dHvA quasiparticle masses and transport co-efficients. At high temperatures, we observe similarities between the apparent resistive scattering rate at critical tuning and those observed in other quantum critical systems and in elemental metals. Finally, the anisotropic phase measurements confirm previous reports and demonstrate behaviour consistent with an Ising-nematic, with the anisotropy aligned along either of the principal crystal axes. Our observations are consistent with the presence of a large number of domains within the anisotropic phase, and conclude that scattering from domain walls is likely to contribute strongly to the large measured anisotropy.
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Zacharias, Mario [Verfasser], Markus [Akademischer Betreuer] Garst, and Achim [Akademischer Betreuer] Rosch. "Mott Transition and Quantum Critical Metamagnetism on Compressible Lattices / Mario Zacharias. Gutachter: Markus Garst ; Achim Rosch." Köln : Universitäts- und Stadtbibliothek Köln, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1050037146/34.
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Robson, Matthew. "Statistical mechanics of the square lattice planar rotator model and metamagnetism in bilayer strontium ruthenate Sr₃Ru₂O₇." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2018. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/8072/.
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We have investigated the thermodynamics of the square lattice planar rotator model. By calculating a variety of thermodynamic quantities for the planar rotator model on a sequence of one-dimensional geometries using transfer functions, we find evidence that the square lattice model exhibits an ordinary thermodynamic phase transition, with power-law singularities in the thermodynamics described by the usual set of critical exponents. This is in contrast to the widely-held view that the phase transition in the model should be of the Kosterlitz-Thouless type. We have constructed a Hubbard-type model of bilayer strontium ruthenate Sr₃Ru₂O₇. We find that the HartreeFock mean field solution of our model can be made to exhibit a metamagnetic jump that matches that seen in Sr₃Ru₂O₇, and this is clearly associated with a certain quasi one-dimensional feature in the electronic structure. We therefore suggest that this is the origin of the metamagnetism in Sr₃Ru₂O₇. The metamagnetism in our modelling is associated with a phase-separated mixture of low- and high-magnetisation solutions, which we suggest corresponds to the nematic phase in Sr₃Ru₂O₇.
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Berridge, Andrew McConnell. "Itinerant metamagnetism and magnetic inhomogeneity : a magnetic analogue of the superconducting Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov phase in Sr₃Ru₂O₇." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/821.
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The formation of magnetic order in solids is a complex and subtle issue. There are a wide range of different types of magnetisation, all of which may be favoured under different circumstances. In this thesis we consider a novel combination of ideas where the formation of spatially modulated magnetisation is linked to a metamagnetic transition. In this we are inspired by a general principle of modulated phases intervening as intermediate states in phase transitions. In particular we draw analogies with the Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov state of spatially modulated superconductivity. We study a mean-field theory for itinerant magnetism where the crystal lattice drives the formation of a rich phase diagram. A peak in the electronic density of states due to a van Hove singularity creates ferromagnetism and a metamagnetic transition. Furthermore we find that a modulated magnetic phase - a spin-spiral, becomes favoured along the metamagnetic transition line. The appearance of this phase causes the metamagnetic transition to bifurcate to enclose the modulated region. The topology of this reconstructed phase diagram shows remarkable similarity to that observed in experiments on Sr₃Ru₂O₇. This material shows a metamagnetic transition which can be tuned by field angle towards zero temperature. Before this point is reached a new phase with high and anisotropic resistivity appears. We believe that this anomalous phase can be explained by the formation of a phase of modulated magnetisation caused by a peak in the electronic density of states. This mechanism may also apply in a range of other materials as it is driven by rather generic features of the bandstructure.
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Pedersen, Anders Hjordt. "Molecule-based magnetic materials of the ReIV ion." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/28885.
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The [ReCl6]2-, [ReBr6]2- and [ReCl4(ox)]2- anions are crystallised with the organic 4,4’- bipyridinium dication (4,4-H2bipy). Magnetometry reveals exotic behaviour of the [4,4’- H2bipy][ReCl6] and [4,4’-H2bipy][ReBr6] salts which demonstrate spin-canting, antiferromagnetic exchange interactions and metamagnetism. Single crystal X-ray structures at T = 3, 14 and 20 K of the [4,4’-H2bipy][ReBr6] salt reveal the behaviour to be purely of magnetic origin as no structural changes are observed. For the [4,4’-H2bipy][ReCl4(ox)] compound an antiferromagnetic exchange interaction of 10.2 cm-1 between the anions is observed (Chapter 2). The complexes (NBu4)2[(ReCl5)2(μ-pyrazine)], (NBu4)2[(ReBr5)2(μ-pyrazine)], (NBu4)2[(ReBr5)2(μ-pyrimidine)] and (NBu4)2[(ReBr5)2(μ-triazine)] are structurally and magnetically characterised in Chapter 3. Magnetic measurements reveal the ReIV ions bridged by a 1,4-heterocyclic amine to exhibit strong antiferromagnetic coupling induced by the linearity of the bridging ligand. The two dimers bridged by a 1,3-heterocyclic amine exhibit intramolecular ferromagnetic exchange and at low temperature an intermolecular antiferromagnetic coupling is observed for the (NBu4)2[(ReBr5)2(μ-triazine)] complex due to the presence of short intermolecular Br···Br distances. Six molecular ReIVCuII chains of formula {[Cu(L)4][ReCl6]}n (L = imidazole, 1- methylimidazole, 1-vinylimidazole, 1-butylimidazole, 1-vinyl-1,2,4-triazole or dimethylformamide) are characterised structurally and magnetically in Chapter 4. SQUID magnetometry and theoretical calculations reveal the chains to exhibit ferromagnetic exchange interactions, which increase as the Re–Cl–Cu bond angle decreases. The {[Cu(vinylimidazole)4][ReCl6]}n chain exhibit magnetic order at TC = 2.4 K, and the {[Cu(imidazole)4][ReCl6]}n network exhibits ferrimagnetic behaviour. Eight complexes of the [ReCl6]2- and [ReBr6]2- anions crystallised with the [MII(L•)2]2+ (M = Fe, Co or Cu) or [Ni(L•)(CH3CN)3]2+ cations (L• = 4-dimethyl-2,2-di(2-pyridyl)oxazolidine N-oxide) are characterised structurally and magnetically in Chapter 5. The [Co(L•)2]2+ cation shows evidence of a gradual, thermally induced spin-crossover transition in variable-temperature magnetic and structural experiments. The [Ni(L•)(CH3CN)3]2+ cation show exchange of the coordinated acetonitrile molecules for atmospheric water upon drying. The nickel-radical magnetic coupling is ferromagnetic in all cases, demonstrating spin-canting behaviour with an ordering temperature of T = 2.7 K for the [ReCl6]2- based compound, and intermolecular antiferromagnetic exchange interactions for the [ReBr6]2- based complex.
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Bautista, Anthony. "TUNNELING SPECTROSCOPY STUDY OF CALCIUM RUTHENATE." UKnowledge, 2010. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_diss/784.
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The ruthenates are perhaps one of the most diverse group of materials known up to date. These compounds exhibit a wide array of behaviors ranging from the exotic pwave superconductivity in Sr2RuO4, to the itinerant ferromagnetism in SrRuO3, and the Mott-insulating behavior in Ca2RuO4. One of the most intriguing compounds belonging to this group is Ca3Ru2O7 which is known to undergo an antiferromagnetic ordering at 56K and an insulating transition at 48K. Most intriguing, however, is the behavior displayed by this compound in the presence of an external magnetic field. For fields parallel to the a-axis, the compound undergoes a metamagnetic transition into the ferromagnetic region at 6 T. If the external field direction is changed to the b-axis then the result will be different. colossal magnetoresistance occurs and a fall in reistivity of up to three orders of magnitude is recorded at fields of 15T.
Most interesting, however, is the energy gap observed for this material. A number of groups have measured such gap with different methods and found conflicting results. For this reason it was of vital importance to perform measurements on this compound and try to resolve this issue. Tunneling spectroscopy is one of the most powerful techniques which can be used to probe the electronic properties of a material. The method is best suited to measure the density of states of a material and hence the nature of the strong correlations which dictate the properties of the compound. We performed a series of tunneling spectroscopy measurements by means of planar tunnel junctions. These types of junctions were chosen because of their stability over a large temperature range and their stability in the presence of an external field.
The anisotropies which showed up in the resistivity and magnetization measurements manifested also in our data. For tunneling parallel to the a-axis, we observed a gap opening at 48K with a width a peak to peak width of 2Δa ~258±15meV. As the temperature was lowered, the gap size increased reaching a maximum width of 2Δa ~ 845±38meVat 4.2K. Tunneling parallel to the b-axis, the gap has a much smaller size than the a-axis gap. At 48K the gap width is about 2Δb ~ 201±13 meV and reaches a maximum width of 2Δb ~ 366±33 meV at 4.2K. For the c-axis, the situation is different since the gap opens at 56K instead of 48K. The gap width at 56K is about 2Δc ~ 102±6meV and reaches a maximum width of 2Δc ~ 179±14 meV at 4.2K.
In the presence of an external field, we noticed that the overall behavior was always the same in the ab-plane but differed in c-axis direction. In our experiment, an external field was applied along the a-axis and measurements were made at 4.2K. For aaxis tunneling, the gap width decreased to a value of 2Δa ~ 587±27 meV at 4.2 K at 7T. On the other hand, the gap width in the b-axis direction decreased to a value of 2Δb ~ 308±25 meV for the same field. For the c-axis direction, the gap decreased to a value of 2Δc ~ 112±8 meV at 7T. The DOS of the c-axis differs for fields of 6T and above. A third peak emerges inside the gap on the valence side of the DOS. This third peak seems to be a direct consequence of the metamagnetic transition at 6T observed by other groups and may be attributable to a spin-filtering effect.
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Jonen, Shintaro. "Estudo das transições metamagnéticas em compostos intermetálicos R IND. 6 Fe IND. 14 Al IND. X (R=Nd, La)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2002. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/43/43134/tde-13122013-113657/.
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Os compostos intermetálicos do tipo R IND. 6 Fe IND. 14-X Al IND. X (R = Nd, La) são antiferromagnéticos e apresentam uma transição do tipo metamagnética em campos da ordem de 2-3 Tesla. Com objetivo de caracterizar suas propriedades magnéticas, amostras policristalinas forma investigadas via medidas de magnetização, magneto-resistência, magnetostricção e difração de nêutrons. As amostras foram preparadas por meio de forno a arco e submetidas a tratamentos térmicos de 750 GRAUSC por 4 semanas. A estrutura cristalina foi identificada como sendo tetragonal do tipo La IND. 6 Co IND. 11 GA IND. 3 (grupo especial 14/mcm). Em contraste com os compostos baseados em La, as amostras de Nd apresentaram uma grande histerese magnética e um efeito dependente da história magnética na região de T<30 K, e um ordenamento dos momentos magnéticos de Nd a 70 K. As T IND. N foram determinadas por meio de medidas de suscetibilidade magnética e se encontram na região de 150-310 K e 100-230 K para os compostos de Nd e La, respectivamente. A transição metamagnética foi observada em todas as amostras analisadas, e foi observada uma variação de 3-5% da resistência elétrica no momento da transição, sugerindo uma estrutura magnética em forma de camadas magnéticas. Infelizmente através das medidas de difração de nêutrons, não foi possível determinar a estrutura magnética das amostras. Entretanto, no composto Nd IND. 6 Fe IND. 10 Al IND. 4, essas medidas nos indicaram uma mudança da estrutura espacial por meio da alteração do grupo espacial do 14/mcm para P42/mcm na região de temperatura de 70 K, onde foi observado um pico bastante saliente em nossas medidas de suscetibilidade. Por meio de medidas de espectroscopia Mössbauer não foi observado nenhum comportamento anômalo nos parâmetros hiperfinos do Fe, indicando ser esta um fenômeno isolado dos momentos do Nd. ) Um outro resultado obtido por difração de nêutrons foi a presença de uma reflexão magnética (001) que cresce na região abaixo de 30 K, indicando a existência de uma componente dos spins paralela ao plano basal. Nenhuma anomalia magnética foi observada nas amostras de La. Esse crescimento do pico (001) sugere uma tendência dos momentos do Nd a se alinharem na direção do plano basal, podendo ser esta a explicação para o efeito de irreversibilidade observado nesta região de temperaturaRare earth-based intermetallic compounds R IND.6Fe IND.14-xAl IND.x with R=(Nd, La) are antiferromagnetic and undergo a metamagnetic transition at 2~3 T applied fields. In order to further characterize their magnetic behavior, polycrystalline samples were investigated with magnetometry, magneto resistance, magnetostriction and neutron diffraction. Samples have been prepared by arc melting under argon and annealed at 750°C for four weeks. The crystal structure is tetragonal of La IND.6Co IND.11Ga IND.3-type (space group 14/mcm). In contrast to La-based compounds, Nd IND.6Fe IND.14-xAl IND.x exhibits a large transition hysteresis and magnetic history effects at T<30 K, and antiferromagnetic ordering of Nd moments at 70 K. The T IND.N was determined by magnetic susceptibility measurements in the 150-310 K and 100-230 K range for the Nd and La compounds, respectively. The metamagnetic transition was observed for all samples and a ~3-5% resistivity drop was found to occur concomitantly, suggesting a magnetic multilayer-like structure. Unfortunately the magnetic structure of this compound could not be determined in this work by neutron diffraction. However, neutron diffraction measurements in the Nd IND.6Fe IND.10Al IND.4 compound revealed a change of space group from 14/mcm to P4 IND.2/mcm at 70 K, where the magnetic susceptibility exhibits a sharp peak. Mossbauer spectroscopy measured in the 4.2-100 K range has shown no evidence of Fe spin rotation, suggesting an isolated Nd phenomenon. Another result from neutron diffraction measurements was the presence of a magnetic (001) reflection that grows below 30 K, indicating the development of a spin component parallel to the basal plane. No such effect was observed with La-based samples. This increase is likely to be due to a canting of Nd moments towards the basal plane. The coincidence of this effect with the onset temperature for irreversible behavior in magnetic measurements is consistent with this interpretation.
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Anselmo, Dory H?lio Aires de Lima. "Espectro das ondas de spin lineares e n?o-lineares em multicamadas magn?ticas anisotr?picas." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 1999. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/16598.
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Previous issue date: 1999-10-29Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico
Apresentamos um estudo te?rico sobre ondas de spin em diferentes regimes magn?ticos, que se propagam em materiais cristalinos e super-redes ferromagn?ticas e antiferromagn?ticas. Nosso trabalho se concentra na descri??o dos modos de superf?cie e volume das ondas de spin que se propagam em tais estruturas, atrav?s do emprego de t?cnicas de matriz-transfer?ncia, segunda quantiza??o e fun??es de Green. Tamb?m apresentamos uma extens?o de trabalhos anteriores, baseados somente no m?todo matricial. O aspectro das ondas de spin no regime de troca (exchange) ? estudado atrav?s da resolu??o da equa??o de movimento na representa??o de Heisemberg da mec?nica qu?ntica para operadores de spin. T?cnicas matriciais s?o aplicadas para o estudo dos magnons no citado regime em materiais ferromagn?ticos, antiferromagn?ticos e que apresentam metamagnetismo. Nosso Hamiltoniano ? composto de termos Zeeman, de troca, e quando se aplicar o caso, de anisotropias uniaxial e n?o-uniaxial. Uma componente n?o-uniaxial no Hamiltoniano produz complica??es matem?ticas na equa??o de movimento resultante. As matrizes de spin que seriam bloco0-diagonais apresentam termos na forma de blocos fora da diagonal neste caso. Os par?metros f?sicos principais considerados s?o o spin m?dio S, o campo magn?tico externo Ho aplicado (que pode ter uma orienta??o arbitr?ria), a constante de acoplamento (no caso de regime de troca) e a fun??o permeabilidade (no regime magnetost?tico). Tamb?m descrevemos o comportamento das ondas de spin em super-redes quasiperi?dicas, apresentando os aspectros de dispers?o no regime magnetost?tico. Definimos como construir tais estruturas a partir dos blocos constituintes n?o peri?dicos. Com o crescente desenvolvimento de m?todos de crescimento de super-redes e sistenmas de multi-camadas, foi poss?vel crescer tais estruturas, tais como GaAs-AlAa e Mo-V. T?cnicas experimentais, incluindo espalhamento de raios-X e Raman, podem ser aplicadas para a verifica??o de nossos resultados. Finalmente, apresentamos poss?veis extens?es para nossa teoria, incluindo o estudo do comportamento fractal das solu??es
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Cherifi, Ryan. "Experimental design of a strong Magneto-Electric coupling system between a ferroelectric and a magnetic phase transition alloy : BaTiO3/FeRh, and theoretical study of the metamagnetic transition of FeRh." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066309.
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Aujourd'hui, la puissance de calcul des processeurs et la capacité de stockage des disques durs tels que conçus dans l'électronique moderne sont limités par la limite thermodynamique aux systèmes finis. Pour garder une vitesse de développement tel que prédit par la loi de Moore, il est donc nécessaire de considérer de nouveaux types d’architecture d’unité de calcul et stockage d’information. Un autre problème réside dans la gestion des pertes de courant par effet Joule, qui deviennent critiques dès lors que l’on atteint de très fortes densités de transistors et bits magnétiques. Notre étude s’inscrit dans ces problématiques, par la conception de nouveaux systèmes à fort couplage magnéto-électrique qui permettrait de contrôler l’information magnétique par l’injection de faibles courants électriques. Notre objectif a été de concevoir un système à fort couplage magnéto-électrique. Il existe des matériaux possédant un couplage entre ordre magnétique et ordre ferroélectrique de façon intrinsèque. Ce type de structures représente une bonne base d’analyse conceptuelle sur la nature d’hybridation des ordres férroiques. Cependant le couplage y est généralement faible, et ne permet pas l’intégration de ces matériaux dans l’électronique moderne.Une autre option consiste à artificiellement générer un couplage magnéto-électrique à travers l’interface entre deux matériaux possédant chacun un des ordres férroiques. Nous avons travaillé essentiellement sur ce type d’hétérostructure binaire, alliant un substrat ferroélectrique type, (BaTiO3) avec, dans un premier temps, un film ultra-mince ferromagnétique type (Fe, Co, FeNi). Nous avons montré la présence d’une signature d’un couplage magnéto-électrique faible à l’interface de ces systèmes. Nous avons ensuite proposé de remplacer le matériau ferromagnétique typique par un film mince de FeRh, un alliage qui possède une transition de phase magnétique d’antiferromagnétique à ferromagnétique juste au-dessus de la température ambiante, qui dépend à la fois de la température, de la pression et du champ magnétique.Nous avons alors réalisé une étude de croissance de FeRh en films ultra-minces. Nous avons pu montrer que l’alliage garde une température de transition bulk et une transition assez abrupte jusqu’à 5nm d’épaisseur. Nous avons ensuite étudié le couplage magnéto-électrique dans le système FeRh(22nm)/BaTiO3 par magnétométrie SQUID sous champ électrique. Nous avons démontré un très fort effet magnéto-électrique induit par contrainte mécanique, possédant une constante de couplage record, α = 1.6 x 10-5 s.m-1, un ordre de grandeur au-dessus des valeurs rapportées dans la littérature.Utilisant notre connaissance du système, nous avons montré l’intérêt conceptuel d’utiliser un matériau à transition de phase dans les architectures novatrices de mémoire, en proposant une description mathématique d’un comportement memristif dans le système FeRh/piézoélectrique.Finalement, l’utilisation pratique de FeRh nous a amené à étudier l’alliage par calculs Ab Initio sous contrainte mécanique et sous injection de charges, pour comprendre plus fondamentalement la nature et les mécanismes de la transitionOne of the most practical concept used in physics and engineering is the concept of triggeror switch, consisting of a means to start a controlled chain of energy transformation.A switch can lead to reversible or irreversible consequences. Technological developmentusually seeks to make use of the former because it allows for repetitive logical tasks. Suchtriggers exist via the coupling between two or more types of energetic transformations.It is formally described by the interaction between two or more distinct fields and theirexpression on a system. Amongst the most studied coupling in material physics, we findelectro-mechanical couplings such as piezoelectricity or ferroelectricity, electro-caloric ormagneto-caloric couplings such as pyroelectricity and pyro-magnetism, magneto-electric,etc. The fundamental and experimental domestication and understanding of these couplingsis usually followed (and very often motivated) by the design of practical applicationin electronics engineering technology
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Turabi, Ali S. "EFFECTS OF MAGNETIC FIELD ON THE SHAPE MEMORY BEHAVIOR OF SINGLE AND POLYCRYSTALLINE MAGNETIC SHAPE MEMORY ALLOYS." UKnowledge, 2015. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/me_etds/58.
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Magnetic Shape Memory Alloys (MSMAs) have the unique ability to change their shape within a magnetic field, or in the presence of stress and a change in temperature. MSMAs have been widely investigated in the past decade due to their ability to demonstrate large magnetic field induced strain and higher frequency response than conventional shape memory alloys (SMAs). NiMn-based alloys are the workhorse of metamagnetic shape memory alloys since they are able to exhibit magnetic field induced phase transformation. In these alloys, martensite and austenite phases have different magnetization behavior, such as the parent phase can be ferromagnetic and martensite phase can be weakly magnetic. The magnetization difference between the transforming phases creates Zeeman energy, which is the main source for magnetic field induced phase transformation, is unlimited with applied field and orientation independent. Thus, metamagnetic shape memory alloys can be employed in polycrystalline form and provide higher actuation stress than conventional MSMAs. High actuation stress levels and frequencies in metamagnetic shape memory alloys are promising for magnetic actuation applications.
Effects of heat treatments and cooling rates on the transformation temperatures, magnetization response and shape memory behavior under compressive stress were explored in Ni45Mn36.5Co5In13.5 [100] oriented single crystalline alloys to obtain high transformation temperatures, large magnetization difference, and low hysteresis behavior. It was found that transformation temperatures increase with higher heat treatment temperatures and decrease drastically at lower cooling rates. Temperature hysteresis decreased with increasing heat treatment temperatures. It was revealed that transformation temperatures, hysteresis, and magnetization response can be tailored by heat treatments via modifying interatomic order.
Magnetic and mechanical results of NiMn-based metamagnetic alloys in single and polycrystalline forms as functions of composition, stress, temperature and magnetic field (up to 9 Tesla) were revealed through thermal-cycling under stress and magnetic field; stress-cycling as functions of temperature and magnetic field; and magnetic-field-cycling under stress at several temperatures experiments. Single crystalline samples of NiMnCoIn showed recoverable strain of 1.5 % due to magnetic field induced reversible phase transformation under constant stress and strain of 3.7 % by magnetic field induced recovery after variant reorientation of martensite. The magnetic field effect on the superelasticity and shape memory effects were also explored in selected orientations of [100], [110] and [111].
Fe-based ferromagnetic shape memory alloys have received considerable attention due to their better workability, strength, and lower cost compared with commercial NiTi based SMAs. The shape memory properties of a ferrous single crystalline alloy, FeNiCoAlNb, were investigated along the [100] orientation by thermal cycling under constant stress and superelasticity tests in both tension and compression. Aging was used to form nano-size precipitates to demonstrate shape memory behavior and tailor the shape memory properties. It was found that after proper heat treatments, [001] oriented FeNiCoAlNb showed a compressive strain of 15%, low temperature dependent superelastic behavior, high compression-tension asymmetry, and high compressive strength (~3GPa). The orientation dependence of the mechanical properties of FeNiCoAlNb single crystals were investigated along the [100], [110], [012] and [113] orientations. In addition, martensite phase showed higher magnetization than austenite phase as opposed to NiMn-based metamagnetic shape memory alloys. This magnetization difference is promising because it can allow magnetic field induced forward transformation. Ferrous alloys have great potential for high strength, temperature independent, and large scale actuator applications.
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Hajduček, Jan. "Zobrazování metamagnetických tenkých vrstev pomocí TEM." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-443233.
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Komplexní magnetické materiály v nanoměřítku mají své nezastupitelné místo v moderních zařízeních, jako jsou digitální paměti nebo senzory. Moderní technologické procesy vyžadují porozumění a možnost kontroly moderních magnetických materiálů až na atomární úrovni. Jednou z možných cest je magnetická analýza za použití transmisní elektronové mikroskopie (TEM), která je unikátní díky možnosti zobrazování až v subatomárním měřítku. Tato práce popisuje možnosti zobrazování metamagnetických materiálů metodou TEM. Tyto materiály se vyznačují možností stabilizace více magnetických uspořádání najednou za daných vnějších podmínek. Modelovým systémem pro popis zobrazovacích možností metody TEM byly zvoleny tenké vrstvy metamagnetické slitiny FeRh. Tento materiál prochází při zahřívání fázovou přeměnou z antiferomagnetické do feromagnetické fáze. Podrobně jsou rozebrány procesy výroby vzorků, což je zásadní pro úspěšnou TEM analýzu. Pro magnetické zobrazování vzorků v TEMu je využita technika diferenciálního fázového kontrastu (DPC), umožňující přímé mapování rozložení magnetické indukce ve vzorku. Důsledně je diskutován vznik signálu v DPC, což je nezbytné pro porozumění a analýzu výsledných dat. FeRh vrstvy jsou podrobeny analýze struktury, chemického složení a především magnetických vlastností obou magnetických fází. Závěrem je představen proces přímého ohřevu metamagnetických vrstev v TEMu.
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Combier, Tristan. "Criticalité quantique ferromagnétique dans les composés ternaires à base d'uranium URhSi, URhAl et UCoAl." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENY062/document.
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Dans cette thèse, on étudie la criticalité quantique ferromagnétique dans trois composés ternaires à base d'uranium, par des mesures thermodynamiques et de transport sur des échantillons monocristallins, à basse température et sous haute pression. URhSi et URhAl sont des systèmes ferromagnétiques itinérants, tandis que UCoAl est un système paramagnétique étant proche d'une instabilité ferromagnétique. Tous ont une phase ordonnée de type Ising. Dans le composé orthorhombique URhSi, on montre que la température de Curie diminue lorsqu'un champ magnétique est appliqué perpendiculairement à l'axe facile d'aimantation, et une transition de phase quantique est attendue autour de 40~T. Dans le système hexagonal URhAl, on établit le diagramme de phase pression--température pour la première fois, lequel indique une transition de phase quantique vers 5~GPa. Dans le composé isostructural UCoAl, on étudie la transition métamagnétique par des mesures d'aimantation, d'effet Hall, de résistivité et de dichroïsme circulaire magnétique des rayons X. On observe des phénomènes de relaxation magnétique intrigants, avec des sortes de marches. L'effet Hall et la résistivité ont été mesurés à des températures de réfrigérateur à dilution, sous pression hydrostatique jusqu'à 2,2~GPa, et sous champ magnétique jusqu'à 16~T. La transition métamagnétique se termine sous pression et champ magnétique au niveau d'un point critique quantique terminal. Dans cette région, il se produit une forte augmentation de la masse effective, et une différence intrigante entre champ montant et descendant apparaît dans la résistivité transverse. Ce pourrait être la signature d'une nouvelle phase, éventuellement reliée aux phénomènes de relaxation observés dans les mesures d'aimantation, et résultant de frustrations au sein du réseau quasi-Kagomé que forment les atomes d'uranium dans cette structure cristallineIn this thesis we explore the ferromagnetic quantum criticality in three uranium-based ternary compounds, by means of thermodynamical and transport measurements on single crystal samples, at low temperature and high pressure. URhSi and URhAl are itinerant ferromagnets, while UCoAl is a paramagnet being close to a ferromagnetic instability. All of them have Ising-type magnetic ordering. In the orthorhombic compound URhSi, we show that the Curie temperature decreases upon applying a magnetic field perpendicular to the easy magnetization axis, and a quantum phase transition is expected around 40~T. In the hexagonal system URhAl, we establish the pressure--temperature phase diagram for the first time, indicating a quantum phase transition around 5~GPa. In the isostructural compound UCoAl, we investigate the metamagnetic transition with measurements of magnetization, Hall effect, resistivity and X-ray magnetic circular dichroism. Some intriguing magnetic relaxation phenomena are observed, with step-like features. Hall effect and resistivity have been measured at dilution temperatures, under hydrostatic pressure up to 2.2 GPa and magnetic field up to 16~T. The metamagnetic transition terminates under pressure and magnetic field at a quantum critical endpoint. In this region, a strong effective mass enhancement occurs, and an intriguing difference between up and down field sweeps appears in transverse resistivity. This may be the signature of a new phase, supposedly linked to the relaxation phenomena observed in magnetic measurements, arising from frustration on the quasi-Kagome lattice of uranium atoms in this crystal structure
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Motyčková, Lucie. "Magnetické vlastnosti samouspořádaných nanomagnetů FeRh." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-417167.
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Magnetické nanočástice a nanostrukturované materiály jsou velkým příslibem v mnoha oblastech, včetně biomedicíny, sanace životního prostředí nebo získávání energie. Proto neustále roste zájem o výzkum jejich jedinečných vlastností a vývoj uskutečnitelných výrobních postupů. Tato práce se zabývá metodou samouspořádávání, spočívající v povrchové precipitaci tenkých vrstev, za účelem výroby epitaxních polí nanoostrůvků ze slitiny FeRh na různých monokrystalických substrátech. Při tomto výrobním postupu zůstává zachována metamagnetická fázová přeměna nanoostrůvků. Morfologie a magnetické vlastnosti samouspořádaných nanomagnetů z FeRh jsou charakterizovány kombinací experimentálních technik a modelování, přičemž bylo zjištěno, že jejich rovnovážné tvary a magnetické uspořádání jsou navzájem propojeny. Kromě toho je navržena cesta pro získání volných nanočástic, která by mohla potenciálně umožnit využití metamagnetických nanostruktur v buněčných kulturách a biomedicíně obecně. Za tímto účelem jsou nanoostrůvky FeRh uvolňovány ze substrátu chemickým leptáním. Chování nanočástic a jejich reakce na teplotu a magnetické pole jsou studovány v kapalném prostředí. Metamagnetické vlastnosti separovaných nanočástic jsou charakterizovány pomocí vibrační magnetometrie.
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Robert, Anthony. "Étude du couplage magnétique dans des nanoparticules bimétalliques de FeRh et de CoTb." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE1309/document.
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L'enregistrement magnétique sur disque dur est aujourd'hui le moyen le plus fiable pour stocker l'information. L'enregistrement perpendiculaire magnétique a permis de multiplier par dix la densité de stockage par rapport à l'enregistrement longitudinal. Mais cette diminution de la taille des bits d'information se heurte à une limite physique, dite « limite superparamagnétique », qui correspond à une instabilité thermique de l'aimantation. Afin de repousser cette limite, il convient donc de fabriquer des bits avec une forte anisotropie. Mais plus les grains ont une grande anisotropie magnétique plus le champ nécessaire pour l'écriture doit être important. L'intérêt d'avoir un matériau aux propriétés magnétiques ajustables prend ainsi tout son sens. En utilisant des matériaux aux énergies d'anisotropies facilement modifiables, il n'est donc pas nécessaire de faire évoluer les têtes d'écriture. C'est dans cette optique que nous avons choisi d'étudier deux systèmes bimétalliques. Le premier est un alliage entre un métal de transition (Co) et une terre-rare lourde (Tb). Le deuxième système combine un métal de transition (Fe) et un métal magnétiquement polarisable (Rh). Dans ce travail, nous présenterons les résultats obtenus sur des nanoparticules de Co80Tb20 et de Fe50Rh50 de moins de 10 nm de diamètre, préparées par MS-LECBD (« Mass Selected Low Energy Cluster Beam Deposition »). Les échantillons, sous forme de multicouches, sont obtenus par dépôts séquentiels d'agrégats et de _lm de carbone. Dans un premier temps, une caractérisation structurale (dispersion de taille, morphologie, composition, structure cristallographique) par microscopie électronique a été réalisé pour les deux systèmes. Dans un second temps, nous avons étudié les propriétés magnétiques de ces agrégats par magnétométrie SQUID et dichroïsme magnétique circulaire (x-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD)). Nous verrons, dans le cas du CoTb, que la réduction de taille entraine de profonds changements de ses propriétés par rapport au massif, notamment au niveau du couplage entre les sous-réseaux magnétiques de Co et de Tb. Dans le cas du FeRh, après avoir montré qu'un traitement thermique permet d'obtenir des agrégats chimiquement ordonnées B2, nous verrons l'influence des effets de taille sur la transition métamagnétique caractérisant cet alliageThe magnetic data storage is the most reliable way to store information. The perpendicular recording multiplied the storage density by ten with respect to the longitudinal recording. However, this reduction in the size of the information bits comes up against a physical limit, called the "superparamagnetic limit", which corresponds to a thermal instability of the magnetization. In order to push back this limit, it is therefore necessary to manufacture bits with strong anisotropy. But the more the grains have a large magnetic anisotropy the greater the field needed for writing must be. Thus, it's a great advantage of having a material with adjustable magnetic properties. By using materials with easily modifiable anisotropy energies, it is therefore not necessary to change the writing heads. It is with this in mind that we have chosen to study two bimetallic systems. The first is an alloy between a transition metal (Co) and a heavy earth-rare (Tb). The second system combines a transition metal (Fe) and a magnetically polarizable metal (Rh). In this work, we present results obtained on nanoparticles of Co80Tb20 and Fe50Rh50 of less than 10 nm in diameter, prepared by MS LECBD ("Mass Selected Low Energy Cluster Beam Deposition"). The samples, in the form of multilayers, are obtained by sequential deposition of nanoparticles and carbon _lm. First, a structural characterization (size dispersion, morphology, composition, crystallographic structure) by electron microscopy was carried out for both systems. Secondly, we have studied the magnetic properties of these nanoparticles by SQUID magnetometry and magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD). We will see, in the case of CoTb that the reduction in size leads to profound changes in its properties with respect to the massif, especially in the coupling between the magnetic sub-lattices of Co and Tb. In the case of FeRh, after having shown that a heat treatment makes it possible to obtain chemically ordered nanoparticles B2, we will see the influence of the size effects on the metamagnetic transition characterizing this alloy
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Rutzinger, Dieter. "Layered Lanthanide Coinage-Metal Diarsenides: Syntheses, Commensurately and Incommensurately Modulated Structures, Electric and Magnetic Properties." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2010. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-26728.
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The crystal structures of the LnAgAs2 and LnAuAs2 compounds were reinvestigated by single-crystal diffraction experiments. Contrary to the respective copper compounds, no stuffed variant of the HfCuSi2 type was found. For CeAuAs2, GdAuAs2 and TbAuAs2, a slight under-occupation of the gold position was determined, the other compounds crystallize in a 1:1:2 ratio. Additionally, LaCuAs2 was synthesized for the first time in a 1:1:2 ratio. Due to the fact that imaging plate diffraction systems were used instead of four-circle diffractometers, satellite reflections could be observed for most of the LnCuAs2 compounds (Ln = Ce, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb, Ho), CeAuAs2, GdAuAs2 and TbAuAs2. Structure models of GdCuAs2, CeAuAs2, GdAuAs2 and TbAuAs2 were developed, rod and layer groups of the respective structural motives were determined and approximants were presentedDie Kristallstrukturen der LnAgAs2 und LnAuAs2 Verbindungen wurden mittels Einkristallbeugungsexperimenten neu untersucht. Im Gegensatz zu den jeweiligen Kupferverbindungen wurde keine gefüllte Variante des HfCuSi2-Typs gefunden. Im Falle von CeAuAs2, GdAuAs2 und TbAuAs2 wurde eine geringfügige Unterbesetzung der Gold-Position bestimmt, die anderen Verbindungen kristallisieren in einem 1:1:2-Verhältnis. Weiterhin wurde erstmals LaCuAs2 in diesem Verhältnis synthetisiert. Aufgrund der Verwendung von Bildplattensystemen an Stelle von Vierkreisdiffraktometern konnten Satellitenreflexe für den Großteil der LnCuAs2-Verbindungen (Ln = Ce, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb, Ho), CeAuAs2, GdAuAs2 and TbAuAs2 beobachtet werden. Strukturmodelle von GdCuAs2, CeAuAs2, GdAuAs2 und TbAuAs2 wurden entwickelt, Stab- und Ebenengruppen der einzelnen Strukturmotive wurden bestimmt und Approximanten präsentiert
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Zadorozhnii, Oleksii. "Výměnná anizotropie v metamagnetických heterostrukturách." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-443234.
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Výměnná anizotropie je zajímavý fyzikální jev vznikající na rozhraní antiferomagnetických (AF) a feromagnetických (FM) materiálů, který již je široce používán v elektronickém průmyslu a magnetickém záznamu. Přestože byl tento jev dlouhou dobu intenzivně studován, jeho přesný mechanizmus zatím nebyl uspokojivě vysvětlen. V této práci je představen přehled studií dokumentujících výměnnou anizotropii v tenkých dvojvrstvách, včetně experimentálních výsledků a teoretických modelů. Experimentální úkoly této diplomové práce zahrnovaly jak výrobu, tak měření různých modelových systémů vykazujících výměnnou anizotropii. Dvojvrstva Fe/FeRh, kde vrstva FeRh prochází fázovou přeměnou z AF fáze na FM fázi při 360 K, poskytuje možnost nastavení parametrů výměnné anizotropie. Dále byly zkoumány účinky výměnné anizotropie a tvarové anizotropie v mikrostrukturách Fe/FeRh. Konečně, přítomnost výměnné anizotropie byla zkoumána mezi FM a AF fází koexistujícími během fázové přeměny v nanodrátech FeRh. Vzorky byly vyrobeny pomocí magnetronového naprašování a elektronové litografie. Všechny prezentované systémy byly analyzovány pomocí magnetooptické Kerrovy mikroskopie. Výměnná anizotropie byla úspěšně nalezena v systému Fe/FeRh, přičemž její velikost byla téměř identická co do rozsahu i orientace s výsledky v literatuře, přestože námi vyrobená dvojvrstva měla horší kvalitu FM-AF rozhraní. Bylo také prokázáno, že v tomto systému existuje tzv. tréninkový efekt (Training effect), což je výrazným důkazem existence výměnné anizotropie. U nanodrátů bylo změřena významná výměnná anizotropie mezi koexistujícími fázemi FM a AF během fázové přeměny.
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Dreifus, Driele Von. "Investigação das propriedades magnéticas de amostras de IrO2 e Co:IrO2 sintetizadas via método de Pechini." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/5028.
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In this work the magnetic properties of iridium oxide synthesized via Pechini s method and doped with different concentrations of cobalt were studied. The proposal was to investigate the possibility of applying it as a diluted magnetic oxide (DMO1). The samples were characterized by x-ray diffraction to study the structural features by Rietveld refinement, which indicated that there is no inconsistency between the observed intensities and the calculated profile. The samples were characterized by magnetization measurements as a function of temperature and applied magnetic field. A paramagnetic behavior was observed in samples doped with low Co concentrations. However, a small change in the magnetism appears in samples with concentrations up to 10 mol% of Co. A new metamagnetic phase was observed for samples with 25% and 30% in mol of Co.
Neste trabalho foram estudadas as propriedades magnéticas do óxido de irídio sintetizado via método de Pechini e dopado com diferentes concentrações de Co, com a proposta de investigar a possibilidade de aplicá-lo como um Óxido Diluído Magnético (DMO, sigla em inglês) 1. As amostras foram caracterizadas por medidas de difração de raios-x através de refinamento Rietveld, indicando que não há incompatibilidade entre as intensidades observadas e as do perfil calculado. Além disso, foram realizadas medidas de magnetização em função da temperatura e do campo magnético aplicado. Foi observado comportamento paramagnético em amostras dopadas com baixas concentrações de Co, entretanto, uma pequena mudança no magnetismo das amostras começou a aparecer em amostras com concentrações de Co a partir de 10 mol%, ficando evidente em altas concentrações de dopante, 25% e 30% em mol, uma fase metamagnética.
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Diop, Léopold Vincent Birane. "Structure et propriétés physiques de composés magnétiques de type RT12B6 et (Hf,Ta)Fe2 et leur dépendance en fonction de la pression (physique ou chimique) (R=élément de terre rare et T=élément de transition 3d)." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENY011/document.
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Notre étude à caractère pluridisciplinaire comprend l'élaboration de composés intermétalliques ainsi que la caractérisation de leurs propriétés tant structurales que magnétiques. Nos travaux ont porté sur des borures RT12B6 où R est un élément de terre rare ou l'yttrium et T un métal de transition 3d ainsi que des phases de Laves (Hf,Ta)Fe2. Pour appréhender les propriétés physiques de ces composés, nous avons mis en œuvre diverses variables externes (température, champ magnétique, pression) mais aussi internes telle que la pression chimique liée à la substitution d'un élément par un autre. Nous apportons une contribution à l'étude des propriétés magnétiques des composés RCo12B6. Les propriétés magnétiques de ces composés sont caractérisées à la fois par une température d'ordre qui varie peu avec l'élément de terre rare R et un moment magnétique de Co remarquablement faible. Nous montrons que les interactions d'échange R-Co sont de plus d'un ordre de grandeur plus faibles que les interactions Co-Co existant dans ces composés. La substitution du fer au cobalt dans les composés RCo12B6 est possible et donne lieu à une localisation préférentielle. Grâce à la spectroscopie Mössbauer et à la diffraction neutronique, nous avons démontré l'extrême sensibilité de l'orientation des moments magnétiques à la substitution Fe/Co. Le composé LaFe12B6 présente des propriétés magnétiques remarquables avec un état fondamental antiferromagnétique (AFM) et une transition vers un état ferromagnétique (FM) qui peut être induite par le champ appliqué ou par la température. A basse température la transition métamagnétique AFM-FM est accompagnée d'une hystérésis très large et est caractérisée par des sauts spectaculaires comme l'illustre nos mesures magnétiques, de magnétostriction ou de transport. La transition métamagnétique s'avère également fort sensible à la pression appliquée. Le composé intermétallique LaFe12B6 est caractérisé par une forte expansion thermique linéaire, un large effet magnétovolumique et présente à la fois des effets magnétocaloriques inverse et normal. L'effet de la substitution du cobalt ou du manganèse au fer ou du cérium au lanthane sur les propriétés structurales et magnétiques a été étudié de façon détaillée. La substitution Co/Fe ou Mn/Fe entraine dans les deux cas une forte augmentation du champ critique de la transition métamagnétique. Inversement la substitution Ce/La, quant à elle, réduit fortement le champ de transition. L'étude de l'alliage amorphe LaFe12B6, préparé par hypertrempe, montre des propriétés magnétiques radicalement différentes puisque la phase amorphe devient alors ferromagnétique avec une haute température de Curie. Enfin nous avons étudié les propriétés magnétiques intrinsèques du système intermétallique Hf1-xTaxFe2 pour lequel la solution solide est complète. L'analyse de l'ensemble des mesures a mis en lumière des comportements originaux du magnétisme du fer et ceci tant dans l'état ordonné que dans l'état paramagnétique. Le caractère inhabituel du magnétisme de ces composés est attribué au comportement d'électrons itinérants, lequel est à l'origine de la transition métamagnétique entre l'état AFM et l'état FMOur multidisciplinary study includes the synthesis of intermetallic compounds and the characterization of their structural and magnetic properties. Our work has focused on RT12B6 borides where R is a rare earth element or yttrium and T a 3d transition metal as well as (Hf, Ta)Fe2 Laves phases. In order to understand the physical properties of these compounds, we have implemented various external variables (temperature, magnetic field, pressure) as well as internal variables such as the chemical pressure due to the substitution of one element with another. Through this experimental work, we investigated the magnetic properties of RCo12B6 compounds. The magnetic properties of these compounds present both an ordering temperature which is quasi independent of the rare earth element R and a remarkably small magnetic moment of Co. We show that the R-Co exchange interactions are more than an order of magnitude smaller that the Co-Co occurring in these compounds. We demonstrated that the iron for cobalt substitution in RCo12B6 compounds gives rise to a preferential substitution scheme. Combining Mössbauer spectroscopy and neutron diffraction, we have found that the magnetic ordering direction is extremely sensitive to Fe/Co substitution. LaFe12B6 compound presents remarkable magnetic properties with an antiferromagnetic (AFM) ground state but it can be transformed into a ferromagnetic (FM) state by the applied magnetic field or by the temperature. At low temperature, the field-induced AFM-FM metamagnetic transition has a large hysteresis and exhibits ultra sharp jumps as shown in our magnetic, magnetostriction and transport measurements. The metamagnetic transition is also very sensitive to the applied pressure. LaFe12B6 intermetallic compound shows a large linear thermal expansion, a huge volume magnetostriction and both normal and inverse magnetocaloric effects. The effect of cobalt or manganese for iron substitution or cerium for lanthanum substitution on the structural and magnetic properties was deeply investigated. Co/Fe or Mn/Fe substitution in both cases leads to a strong increase of the critical field of the metamagnetic transition. However Ce/La substitution reduces strongly the transition field. The investigation of LaFe12B6 amorphous alloy, prepared by melt spinning, shows radically different magnetic properties since the amorphous phase becomes ferromagnetic with a high Curie temperature. Finally we studied the intrinsic magnetic properties of the Hf1-xTaxFe2 system for which the solid solution is complete. The analysis of all the measurements highlighted original behaviours of the iron magnetism and this both in the ordered state and in the paramagnetic state. These remarkable properties are attributed to the itinerant character of the Fe 3d band magnetism, which gives rise to the metamagnetic transition between the AFM and FM states
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Pinettes, Claire. "Magnétisme itinérant : frustration, instabilité et anisotropie." Grenoble 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993GRE10035.
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L'objet de cette these concerne l'etude theorique de trois manifestations originales du magnetisme itinerant dans les composes intermetalliques: frustration et instabilite du manganese dans les composes rmn#2 (ou r est une terre rare). Nous montrons que la frustration des interactions d'echange joue souvent un role preponderant dans les proprietes magnetiques de ces systemes. Elle est a l'origine: de structures magnetiques mixtes, ou on a coexistence d'atomes de moments nuls et non nuls sur des sites cristallographiques equivalents; d'un fort coefficient electronique de la chaleur specifique dans la phase paramagnetique au voisinage de l'instabilite, bien plus fort que dans les composes 3d non frustres; un terme en t#3 dans la chaleur specifique qui peut devenir grand au voisinage de l'instabilite. Metamagnetisme d'electrons itinerants (mei) dans les composes rco#2: nous proposons une nouvelle approche du mei, ou le mecanisme de la transition du premier ordre est directement relie au saut de volume a la transition, et non a une forme particuliere de la densite d'etats: le mei resulte simplement de la competition entre les energies magnetique et elastique. Anisotropie magnetique dans les composes quasi-unidimensionnels rco#1##: nous montrons que l'effet preponderant a l'origine des fortes anisotropies magnetocristallines observees dans ces composes est du aux particularites de la structure de bande a une dimension: les orbitales planaires se trouvent dans des etats quasi localises alors que les orbitales axiales se trouvent dans des etats delocalises
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Phejar, Mathieu. "Étude de nouveaux matériaux de type La(Fe1-xSix)13 pour la réfrigération magnétique à température ambiante." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00601081.
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La première partie des travaux réalisés a été dédiée à l' élaboration de composés LaFe13-xSix (1,3 ¡U x ¡U 2,2) par broyage à haute énergie. Il a fallu déterminer les conditions de synthèse et de recuit optimales pour l'obtention d'échantillons monophasés. Leur homogénéité a été analysée par diffraction des rayons X et microsonde électronique. Les résultats ont montré qu'une microstructure plus fine favorise la formation de la phase désirée : un recuit de 30 min (au lieu de 30 jours pour les massifs) à 1373K suffit à l'obtention d'un composé quasi-monophasé. D'après les mesures magnétiques effectuées, les composés synthétisés par broyage mécanique ont des proprié¦tés magnétiques et magnétocaloriques similaires aux massifs. Ils présentent une transition métamagnétique des électrons itinérants induite par le champ ou la température. Leur température de Curie augmente avec le Si, variant de 200K à 235K pour x = 1,4 à 2,0 alors que leur variation d'entropie magnétique diminue de 20 J/kg K à 4 J/kg K sous une variation de champ de 0-2 T. La deuxième partie de l'étude a consisté à améliorer les propriétés magnétocaloriques des intermétalliques par l'insertion d'atomes interstitiels (H, C). Les mesures magnétiques ont montré une nette augmentation de la température de transition (jusqu'à Tamb.) par effet magnétovolumique tout en conservant un effet magnétocalorique important. Les analyses par diffraction des neutrons en température effectuées sur les composés deutérés ont permis de suivre l'évolution des données cristallographiques et des moments magnétiques par Fe. Il ressort de cette étude que ces composés présentent un grand intérêt dans la recherche de futurs matériaux magnétocaloriques pour la réfrigération magnétique à température ambiante. Dans le cadre de l'exploration de nouveaux systèmes, les propriétés magnétocaloriques des composés Y1-xRxFe2D4,2 (R = Er, Tb) ont également été étudiés en couplant les études magnétiques avec des mesures de diffraction des neutrons
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Farrell, Jason. "The influence of cation doping on the electronic properties of Sr₃Ru₂O₇." Thesis, St Andrews, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/689.
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Raymond, Stéphane. "Excitations de basse énergie dans les fermions lourds par diffusion inélastique des neutrons." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998GRE10103.
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La technique de diffusion inelastique des neutrons a ete utilisee pour caracteriser le spectre des excitations magnetiques de basse energie dans les composes a electrons fortement correles cenisn, ce#1#-#xla#xru#2si#2 et ceru#2ge#2. Cenisn est un compose kondo semimetallique dont le spectre des excitations magnetiques est compose de deux modes d'energie 2 et 4 mev et respectivement piques au centre et bord de zone de brillouin. L'application d'un champ magnetique met en evidence la nature differente de ces modes : le premier se deplace vers les plus hautes energies et la reponse du second s'elargit. Les modeles de gap d'hybridation particularises pour ce compose permettent de relier le mode a 4 mev aux proprietes macroscopiques observees. La dynamique des moments magnetiques pres d'une instabilite magnetique a ete etudiee dans le compose ce#1##xla#xru#2si#2 avec x = 0. 075. De facon surprenante, un ordre magnetique non conventionnel a ete mis en evidence (m = 0. 02 #b et t#n = 1. 8 k). La dynamique de spin par rapport au compose pur a ete reliee, grace a la theorie des fluctuations de spin de moriya, aux mesures macroscopiques. L'application d'un champ magnetique sur le compose ceru#2si#2 met en evidence le changement de la reponse dynamique du systeme de part et d'autre de la transition pseudometamagnetique. La reponse quasielastique et a courte portee a bas champ est remplacee par un ordre statique a longue distance en champ fort (h = 12 t). Dans ce contexte, la phase antiferromagnetique du compose ferromagnetique ceru#2ge#2 a ete caracterisee. Il existe alors une analogie entre ce compose sous sa temperature de curie et ceru#2si#2 au dessus du champ metamagnetique.
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GARNIER, AMALIA. "Processus metamagnetiques dans les systemes frustres rm#2x#2 (r = terre rare, m = metal de transition, x = si ou ge)." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996GRE10129.
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Le but de ce travail est de montrer la richesse des comportements magnetiques des composes rm#2x#2 (r = terre rare, m = co, ni, ru, x = si, ge). Cette richesse ne necessite pas d'autres ingredients que la presence d'interactions magnetiques a longue portee et antagonistes (frustration), et d'anisotropie magnetocristalline: l'etude de systemes de type ising, x-y ou de faible anisotropie a permis d'illustrer les differents comportements associes. En ce qui d'un moment magnetique de l'etat o vers +m ou passage de l'etat -m vers l'etat o. Les processus concerne les systemes de type ising, nous avons mis en evidence, pour la premiere fois, l'existence de phases magnetiques mixtes ou coexistent des moments nuls et non nuls dans la structure magnetique. Un nouveau type de processus metamagnetique est associer a ces phases: passage metamagnetiques dans les systemes de type ising sont analyses quantitativement par le modele de champ moyen periodique: ce modele permet d'expliquer l'origine des sauts d'aimantation associes a des retournements d'une partie des moments, avec ou sans changement de periodicite. Les effets thermiques sont analyses et montrent l'evolution du vecteur de propagation lorsque la temperature decroit: il y a blocage du vecteur de propagation vers un vecteur de propagation decrivant une structure magnetique de plus courte periode pour les transitions de phase avec changement de periodicite. L'etude de composes a base de gadolinium a permis de montrer l'existence d'une anisotropie geante des interactions d'echange. L'etude comparative des series en fonction de la substitution de la terre rare, du metal de transition ou de x a permis d'isoler les parametres pertinents qui permettent de comprendre l'evolution des proprietes magnetiques dans les series etudiees
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Puech, Laurent. "3He polarisé : propriétés magnétoélastiques et comparaison avec deux systèmes à fermions lourds : obtention d'hélium polarisé à 50 mK et étude des relaxations d'énergie dans ce système." Grenoble 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988GRE10036.
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Interpretation de l'abaissement de la pression de fusion lorsque la fusion est plus rapide que le temps de relaxation de la polarisation de **(3)he d'apres l'etude theorique de la morphologie de l'interface liquide-solide lors de la fusion de **(3)he solide polarise. Tendance au metamagnetisme de **(3)he liquide pour une polarisation de equiv. A 20 %, a 0,1 k, et absence d'anomalie dans la vitesse du son mesuree a ce taux de polarisation. Possibilite de refroidir le liquide polarise au-dessus de 0,1 k en un temps tres court compare a celui de la relaxation de polarisation. Etude experimentale des proprietes magnetoelastiques de composes a deux fermions lourds et analyse phenomenologique pour prevoir la magnetostriction, la vitesse du son sous champ magnetique de ces composes pesentant une forte tendance au metamagnetisme, et, aux frequences grandes comparees au taux de relaxation de la polarisation, la vitesse du son
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Ball, Andrew. "Commensurabilité magnétique à longue période et anisotropie dans la série hexagonale RGa2 (R=Pr, Nd, Gd)." Grenoble 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993GRE10075.
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Les composes hexagonaux simples rga(r=gd, pr et nd) sont d'excellents candidats pour l'etude de structures magnetiques frustrees complexes resultant des interactions d'echange a longue portee. Par l'utilisation de techniques experimentales variees, nous avons mis en evidence sur ces composes des proprietes magnetiques originales et hautement complexes. Dans le cas de gdga#2, un champ magnetique induit des changements subtils dans la configuration antiphase incommensurable de la phase en champ nul. Ces processus peuvent se resumer en trois diagrammes de phases champ-temperature d'une complexite etonnante vue l'absence d'anisotropie magnetocristalline. Un modele de champ moyen periodique montre que les structures sous champ sont de type x-y en eventail, mettant ainsi en evidence l'existence d'une faible anisotropie d'echange. Les composes prga#2 et ndga#2 presentent des structures magnetiques en champ nul de type ising, confinees dans le plan hexagonal. Pres de t#n, ces structures sont incommensurables et evoluent a basse temperature vers des structures commensurables a longue periode. Dans prga#2, le champ applique induit des transitions metamagnetiques de type spin-slip et spin-flip entre differentes configurations magnetiques commensurables a longue periode. Apres une etude approfondie du champ cristallin, le modele du champ moyen periodique nous a permis d'analyser quantitativement les proprietes magnetiques principales de ce compose: chaleur specifique, aimantation, susceptibilite. . .
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"Studies of the itinerant metamagnet strontium ruthenate." Tulane University, 2006.
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The strontium ruthenate Sr3Ru2O 7 is a strongly correlated electron system with intriguing electronic and magnetic properties. Though structurally similar to the widely studied unconventional superconductor Sr2RuO4, its properties are quite different: its ground state appears to be close to a ferromagnetic instability. Moderate applied magnetic fields can induce a metamagnetic transition into a ferromagnetic-like state, defined as a superlinear rise in magnetization at a given value of applied field; there is good evidence that this transition is a zero-temperature quantum phase transition with features distinctly different than ordinary phase transitions. We have taken three avenues towards better understanding the electronic and magnetic properties of Sr3Ru 2O7 and its behavior under magnetic fields: single particle tunneling, doping with nonmagnetic Ti impurities, and critical current measurements of a Sr2RuO4-Sr3Ru2O7 intergrowth Our tunneling measurements reveal an unusual oscillation in tunneling magnetoresistance under applied magnetic fields. This behavior is unexpected within our existing understanding of Sr3Ru2O7, and likely indicates the presence of an unusual surface state on this material. Our studies of Ti doped Sr3Ru2O7 suggest that the ground state of this material is characterized by competing short-range ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic interactions; nonmagnetic Ti impurities appear to alter the band structure in such a way to reduce the antiferromagnetism, leaving the system in a state dominated by 2D ferromagnetic fluctuations. Finally, our studies of the Sr2RuO4-Sr3Ru 2O7 solid mixture suggest that large regions of Sr3 Ru2O7 may become superconducting when intergrown in this fashion; this finding may also shed light on the pairing mechanism of the unconventional superconductor Sr2RuO4 These three approaches to studying the ground state of the itinerant metamagnet Sr3Ru2O7 reveal the great diversity of electronic and magnetic properties possible in this material. In addition to confirming key issues related to the magnetic ground state, our results suggest several new directions for further study of Sr3Ru 2O7 and related strontium ruthenate materialsacase@tulane.edu
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Lin, Jyh-Horng, and 林志鴻. "Metamagnetic-like Transition and Elastic Anomaly of Heavy-Fermion Compounds." Thesis, 1995. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/50433769524541067759.
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博士國立清華大學
物理研究所
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Based on the Anderson lattice model in the slave boson mean field method, we study the heavy-fermion systems, HF, in two topics: the anomalous metamagnetic-like transition and the elastic anomaly. Experimentally, the magnetic susceptbility in several HF including CeRu2Si2 and UPt3 shows a peak at some critical field. This is called the metamagnetic-like transition. Theoretically, a similar transition was found for CeRu2Si2 at the mean-field level when the anisotropy of the hybridization matrix element is considered. Here we find that the same conclusion applied to UPt3. On the other hand, the elastic constant exhibits a dip at low temperature in some HF. Since the Anderson lattice model can not be solved analytically, numerically means is used and its results fit the experimental data qualitatively. Besides these, we mention works on the specific heat of ideal particles in multilayer systems, for which a Schottky-like anomaly is found both classical and quantum systems. This is different from the usual scenario for the Schottky anomaly since there is no energy gap for the charge excitation. For bosons, we find a second peak when the layer number is large, which is ascribed to the trend towards Bose condesation. We also study a two-body problem problem in which two particles are linked by a spring and put in an one-dimensional infinite potential well. These two potentials when seperated can each be solved exactly, but when combined it becomes extremely difficult to solve. We use the variational method to obtain the groundstate energy and asymptotic expressions, and discuss some related problems, such as the finite-size effect in quantum Hall effect and the energy level of an hydrogen molecule H2+.
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Ngankeu, Arlette Sohanfo. "Low-energy electronic structure and fermi surface topology of the itinerant metamagnet Sr₃Ru₂O₇." Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/13290.
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M.Sc. (Physics)The way we live has been fundamentally changed by technological innovations based on optical, electronic and magnetic materials. Without the continuous increase of scienti c understanding on phenomena that occur in materials, together with the processing and synthesis of materials, these technological revolutions would be impossible. Thus, the search of new materials is still the key driving force for the continuous blooming of modern technology...
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Iaizzi, Adam. "Magnetic field effects in low-dimensional quantum magnets." Thesis, 2018. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/33060.
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We present a comprehensive study of a low-dimensional spin-half quantum antiferromagnet, the J-Q model, in the presence of an external (Zeeman) magnetic field using numerical methods, chiefly stochastic series expansion quantum Monte Carlo with directed loop updates and quantum replica exchange. The J-Q model is a many-body Hamiltonian acting on a lattice of localized spin-half degrees of freedom; it augments the Heisenberg exchange with a four-spin interaction of strength Q. This model has been extensively studied at zero field, where the Q term drives a quantum phase transition from a Néel-like state to a valence-bond solid (a nonmagnetic state consisting of a long-range-ordered arrangement of local singlet bonds between sites). This transition is believed to be an example of deconfined quantum criticality, where the excitations are spinons—exotic spin-half bosons. We study the J-Q model in the presence of a magnetic field in both one and two dimensions. In one dimension, there is metamagnetism above a critical coupling ratio (Q/J)min. Metamagnetism is a first-order quantum phase transition characterized by discontinuities in the magnetization as a function of field (magnetization jumps). We derive an exact expression for (Q/J)min = 2/9, and show that the metamagnetism is caused by the onset of attractive interactions between magnons (flipped spins on a polarized background). We predict that the same mechanisms will produce metamagnetism in the unfrustrated antiferromagnetic J1-J2 model with anisotropy. Below (Q/J)min, the saturation transition is continuous and we show that it is governed by the expected zero-scale-factor universality. In two dimensions, we also find metamagnetism above a critical coupling ratio (Q/J)min=0.417, caused by the same mechanism as in the one-dimensional case. In two dimensions we also show evidence of an anomalous temperature dependence of specific heat arising from field-induced Bose-Einstein condensation of spinons at the deconfined quantum critical point.2019-11-06T00:00:00Z
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Rutzinger, Dieter. "Layered Lanthanide Coinage-Metal Diarsenides: Syntheses, Commensurately and Incommensurately Modulated Structures, Electric and Magnetic Properties: Layered Lanthanide Coinage-Metal Diarsenides: Syntheses, Commensurately and Incommensurately Modulated Structures, Electric and Magnetic Properties." Doctoral thesis, 2009. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A25228.
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The crystal structures of the LnAgAs2 and LnAuAs2 compounds were reinvestigated by single-crystal diffraction experiments. Contrary to the respective copper compounds, no stuffed variant of the HfCuSi2 type was found. For CeAuAs2, GdAuAs2 and TbAuAs2, a slight under-occupation of the gold position was determined, the other compounds crystallize in a 1:1:2 ratio. Additionally, LaCuAs2 was synthesized for the first time in a 1:1:2 ratio.
Due to the fact that imaging plate diffraction systems were used instead of four-circle diffractometers, satellite reflections could be observed for most of the LnCuAs2 compounds (Ln = Ce, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb, Ho), CeAuAs2, GdAuAs2 and TbAuAs2. Structure models of GdCuAs2, CeAuAs2, GdAuAs2 and TbAuAs2 were developed, rod and layer groups of the respective structural motives were determined and approximants were presented.Die Kristallstrukturen der LnAgAs2 und LnAuAs2 Verbindungen wurden mittels Einkristallbeugungsexperimenten neu untersucht. Im Gegensatz zu den jeweiligen Kupferverbindungen wurde keine gefüllte Variante des HfCuSi2-Typs gefunden. Im Falle von CeAuAs2, GdAuAs2 und TbAuAs2 wurde eine geringfügige Unterbesetzung der Gold-Position bestimmt, die anderen Verbindungen kristallisieren in einem 1:1:2-Verhältnis. Weiterhin wurde erstmals LaCuAs2 in diesem Verhältnis synthetisiert. Aufgrund der Verwendung von Bildplattensystemen an Stelle von Vierkreisdiffraktometern konnten Satellitenreflexe für den Großteil der LnCuAs2-Verbindungen (Ln = Ce, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb, Ho), CeAuAs2, GdAuAs2 and TbAuAs2 beobachtet werden. Strukturmodelle von GdCuAs2, CeAuAs2, GdAuAs2 und TbAuAs2 wurden entwickelt, Stab- und Ebenengruppen der einzelnen Strukturmotive wurden bestimmt und Approximanten präsentiert.
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Stingl, Christian. "Symmetriebrechende Gitterverzerrung in einer elektronischen nematischen Phase." Doctoral thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0006-B4F5-2.
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