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Journal articles on the topic 'Metals'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 31 July 2024

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1

Liekytė, Aistė, Raimondas Leopoldas Idzelis, and Nijolė Kazlauskienė. "RESEARCH INTO THE EFFECT OF HEAVY METALS AND THEIR BINARY MIXTURE ON THE CARDIO-RESPIRATORY SYSTEM OF FISH LARVAE / SUNKIŲJŲ METALŲ IR JŲ BINARINIO MIŠINIO POVEIKIO ŽUVŲ KARDIORESPIRACINEI SISTEMAI ANKSTYVOJOJE ONTOGENEZĖJE TYRIMAI." Mokslas - Lietuvos ateitis 3, no. 5 (December 19, 2011): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/mla.2011.083.

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This article investigates toxic effects of heavy metals (Ni, Cu) and their binary mixture (Ni+Cu) on the cardio-respiratory system of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) larvae depending on the type of metal, metal concentration and the duration of their exposure. The one-day larvae of rainbow trout were exposed to Ni (0,1; 0,2 mg/l, respectively), Cu (0,25; 0;5 mg/l, respectively) and their binary mixture. During long-term exposure (30 days), the physiological parameters of larvae, e.g. heart rate (counts/min), gill ventilation frequency (counts/min) after 5, 10 and 20 days of exposure were recorded. During experimental studies, the effects of heavy metals and their binary mixture on the heart rate and gill ventilation frequency of rainbow trout larvae depending on the type of metal, their concentrations and exposure duration were determined. Consequently, comparative studies on toxic effects of heavy metals and their binary mixture on the cardio-respiratory system of rainbow trout larvae showed that the binary mixture was more toxic to larvae than to single metals. Santrauka Šiame straipsnyje nagrinėjamas sunkiųjų metalų (Ni, Cu) ir jų binarinio mišinio (Ni + Cu) toksinis poveikis vaivorykštinio upėtakio (Oncorhynchus mykiss) lervų kardiorespiracinei sistemai, priklausomai nuo veikiamo metalo rūšies, metalų koncentracijos ir ekspozicijos trukmės. Vaivorykštinio upėtakio vienadienės lervos buvo veikiamos Ni (0,1; 0,2 mg/l), Cu (0,25; 0,5 mg/l) ir jų binariniu mišiniu. Ilgalaikio tyrimo metu (30 parų) buvo registruojami lervų fiziologiniai rodikliai – širdies ir kvėpavimo dažniai (krt./min.) po 5, 10 ir 20 parų ekspozicijos. Atlikus eksperimentinius tyrimus, nustatytas sunkiųjų metalų ir jų binarinio mišinio poveikis vaivorykštinio upėtakio lervų širdies ir kvėpavimo dažniams, priklausomai nuo veikiamo metalo rūšies, koncentracijos ir ekspozicijos trukmės. Tyrimo rezultatai rodo, kad atskirų sunkiųjų metalų (Ni, Cu) poveikis lervų kardiorespiracinei sistemai silpnesnis, nei veikiant metalų binariniu mišiniu.

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2

Laurinaitis, Domas, and Aušra Zigmontienė. "RESEARCH ANALYSIS OF VERMICOMPOST INFLUENCE ON BIOACCUMULATION OF HEAVY METALS IN COMMON MEADOW-GRASS (POA PRATENSIS) / VERMIKOMPOSTO ĮTAKOS SUNKIŲJŲ METALŲ BIOAKUMULIACIJAI PIEVINĖJE MIGLĖJE (POA PRATENSIS) TYRIMŲ ANALIZĖ." Mokslas – Lietuvos ateitis 8, no. 4 (October 24, 2016): 376–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/mla.2016.953.

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The more intensive growth of agricultural crops adding mineral fertilizers, environmental pollution make the soil degraded: reduce the fertility of soil, increase the concentration of heavy metals. Especially dangerous is a common, synergistic effect of heavy metals. Vermicompost optimizes pH, texture and organic material content – the soil indicators, which are the major contributors to migration of heavy metals in the soil and to the plants from it. In the article there is an investigation of vermicompost influence on bioaccumulation of heavy metals in common meadow-grass. After experimental research it is determined that immobilization of heavy metals was the best in soil-vermicompost substrate, prepared in a ratio 1:2. The cadmium (Cd) concentrations were lowest and the difference of HM content determined between roots and shoots was the most in biomass grown up in that mixture. In the underground part of plant the concentration equal to 11.10 mg/kg and in the part of above ground – 1.05 mg/kg. The situation of lead (Pb) and copper (Cu) is analogous. This is the optimal ratio of mixture preparation. Intensyvesnis žemės ūkio kultūrų auginimas, tręšiant mineralinėmis trąšomis, aplinkos tarša nualina dirvožemį: sumažėja dirvožemio derlingumas, didėja sunkiųjų metalų koncentracijos. Ypač pavojingas bendras, sinergetinis sunkiųjų metalų poveikis. Vermikompostas optimizuoja dirvožemio pH, granuliometrinę sudėtį, organinės medžiagos kiekį – rodiklius, nuo kurių labiausiai priklauso sunkiųjų metalų migracija dirvožemyje ir iš jo į augalus. Straipsnyje nagrinėjama vermikomposto įtaka sunkiųjų metalų bioakumuliacijai pievinėje miglėje. Atlikus eksperimentinį tyrimą nustatyta, kad geriausiai sunkiuosius metalus „surakino“ dirvožemio-vermikomposto substratas, paruoštas santykiu 1:2. Tame mišinyje užaugintoje biomasėje kadmio (Cd) koncentracijos buvo mažiausios, o skirtumas tarp SM kiekio nustatyto šaknyse ir ūgliuose didžiausias. Požeminėje augalo dalyje koncentracija lygi 11,10 mg/kg, o antžeminėje – 1,05 mg/kg. Švino (Pb) ir vario (Cu) atvejais situacija yra analogiška. Tai optimalus mišinio ruošimo santykis.

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3

Birgėlaitė, Rūta, Vaidotas Valskys, and Gytautas Ignatavičius. "USE OF SAPROPEL FOR REMOVAL OF HEAVY METALS FROM SOLUTION / SILICINIO SAPROPELIO NAUDOJIMAS SUNKIESIEMS METALAMS ŠALINTI IŠ TIRPALO." Mokslas – Lietuvos ateitis 8, no. 4 (October 24, 2016): 388–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/mla.2016.946.

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Abundant resources, natural and organic material – sapropel containing a multitude of different chemical elements has a great potential to be used in different areas, but for now these rich resources are not widely used because of different chemical composition of sapropel research is very few. The article deals with silicon sapropel as a sorbent is able to absorb heavy metals from the solution depending on the time and the concentration of heavy metals in the solution. The sorption studies of heavy metal concentrations were measured in dry sapropel sample using Thermo Scientific Niton® XL2 series of X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (XPS). Also, the heavy metal concentrations in solution were measured by atomic absorption spectrometer AAnalyst 200 (AAS). Get sapropel sorption capacity results are analyzed through absorption capacity curves and Matala ion removal efficiency curves. Also, comparing the results with the initial concentration of heavy metals sapropel and foreign authors used sorbent properties. After thorough research sapropel sorption capacity can be added to the knowledge of sapropel properties utilization. Gausūs natūralios organinės medžiagos – sapropelio, kurio sudėtyje yra daug įvairių cheminių elementų, – ištekliai turi didelį potencialą būti panaudoti įvairiose srityse. Šiuo metu šie gausūs ištekliai nėra plačiai naudojami, nes atlikta labai nedaug sapropelio įvairios cheminės sudėties tyrimų. Straipsnyje nagrinėjama silicinio sapropelio kaip sorbento geba sorbuoti sunkiuosius metalus iš tirpalo, priklausomai nuo laiko ir sunkiųjų metalų koncentracijos tirpale. Atlikus sorbcijos tyrimus, sunkiųjų metalų koncentracijos matuotos sausame sapropelio mėginyje, naudojant Thermo Scientific Niton® XL2 serijos rentgeno spindulių fluorescencinį spektrometrą (RFS). Taip pat sunkiųjų metalų koncentracijos matuotos tirpale naudojant atominės absorbcijos spektrometrą AAnalyst 200 (AAS). AAS tyrimus atliko atestuota UAB „Vilniaus vandenys“ geriamojo vandens laboratorija. Gauti sapropelio sorbcinės talpos tyrimų rezultatai analizuojami sudarant adsorbcinės talpos kreives bei metalo jonų pašalinimo efektyvumo kreives. Taip pat rezultatai buvo palyginti su pradine sunkiųjų metalų koncentracija sapropelyje ir užsienio autorių naudotų sorbentų sorbcinėmis savybėmis. Atlikus tyrimus gautas 97,4 % sorbento-sapropelio pašalinimo efektyvumas sorbuojant šviną ir 97,24 % sorbuojant cinką. Tyrimų rezultatų paklaida patikrinta lyginant išmatuotą sorbento talpą su apskaičiuotąja. Švino adsorbcinės talpos paklaida siekia 4–9 mg/kg, o cinko 1–14 mg/kg.

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4

Idzelis, Raimondas Leopoldas, Vytautas Kesminas, Gintaras Svecevičius, and Vaidas Misius. "ACCUMULATION OF HEAVY METALS (CU, ZN, NI, CR, PB, CD) IN TISSUES OF PERCH (PERCA FLUVIATILIS L.) AND ROACH RUTILUS RUTILUS (L.) UNDER EXPERIMENTAL CONDITIONS/SUNKIŲJŲ METALŲ (CU, ZN, NI, CR, PB, CD) KAUPIMASIS EŠERIO PERCA FLUVIATILIS L. IR KUOJOS RUTILUS АККУМУЛЯЦИЯ ТЯЖЕЛЫХ МЕТАЛЛОВ (CU, ZN, NI, CR, PB, CD) В ТКАНЯХ ОКУНЯ PERCA FLUVIATILIS L. И ПЛОТВЫ RUTILLUS RUTILLUS L. В ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫХ УСЛОВИЯХ." JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND LANDSCAPE MANAGEMENT 16, no. 4 (December 31, 2008): 205–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/1648-6897.2008.16.205-212.

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The paper analyses the effects of heavy metals on freshwater fishes. From the point of view of pollution caused by heavy metals, the condition of ecosystems in Lithuania is yet less affected by heavy metals compared to that the world over. Fishes accumulate heavy metals selectively. Fishes mostly accumulate Pb, Cr, Cd. Our experiments showed that MPC (Maximum Permitted Concentration) (0.2 mg/kg) of lead was exceeded 1.6 time in the muscles of perch, and 1.4 time ‐ in the muscles of roach. The MPC (0.05 mg/kg) of cadmium was exceeded 1.2 time in the muscles of perch and roach. It was determined that perch accumulate heavy metals more intensively than roach. Heavy metals accumulate in fishes: liver > muscle> gills. As heavy metals are considered to be one of the most harmful water pollutants, there is a great need for a constant ecological monitoring and reduction of their amounts released into the environment. According to long‐term research data, the MPC in fishes is exceeded only slightly. This confirms a good condition of aquatic ecosystems in Lithuania. Santrauka Įvertintas sunkiųjų metalų pasiskirstymas gėlavandenių žuvų audiniuose monitoringiniuose vandens telkiniuose, taip pat ir kuojų bei ešerių, paveiktų sunkiųjų metalų didžiausiomis leidžiamosiomis koncentracijomis (DLK), audiniuose. Eksperimentiniai tyrimai atlikti su Cu, Zn, Ni, Cr, Pb, Cd, kurių kiekvienas pasižymi kancerogeniniu mutageniniu poveikiu. Nustatyta, kad švino DLK (0,2 mg/kg) buvo viršyta ešerių raumenyse 1,6 karto, o kuojų – 1,4 karto. Kadmio DLK (0,05 mg/kg) ešerių ir kuojų raumenyse buvo viršyta apie 1,2 karto. Taip pat nustatyta, kad ešeriai sunkiuosius metalus kaupia intensyviau nei kuojos. Eksperimentiniai duomenys sutampa su sunkiųjų metalų tyrimų monitoringiniuose vandens telkiniuose duomenimis. Žuvų audiniuose Pb ir Cd koncentracijos yra didžiausios ir dažnai viršija Lietuvos higienos normoje nurodytąją DLK. Tokie rezultatai įpareigoja nuolat kontroliuoti sunkiųjų metalų kiekį žuvyse. Rezultatai pateikiami sunkiųjų metalų sklaidos pasiskirstymo grafikuose. Резюме Представлены данные по распределению тяжелых металлов в тканях пресноводных рыб в мониторинговых водоемах, а также результаты, полученные путем воздействия тяжелых металлов в предельно допустимых концентрациях (ПДК) на окуня и плотву. В экспериментальных исследованиях применялись металлы Cu, Zn, Ni, Cr, Pb, Cd, оказывающие на живые организмы воздействие мутагенного и канцерогенного характера. Установлено, что концентрация Cd в тканях окуня превышала ПДК (0,2 мг/кг) в 1,6 раза, а в тканях плотвы – в 1,4 раза. Концентрация Cd в тканях тех же рыб превышала ПДК (0,05 мг/кг) примерно в 1,2 раза. Также установлено, что окунь аккумулирует тяжелые металлы интенсивнее плотвы. Экспериментальные данные совпадают с данными, полученными в мониторинговых водоемах. Установлено также, что концентрация Pb и Cd в тканях рыб зачастую превышает ПДК. Полученные результаты обязывают постоянно контролировать уровень тяжелых металлов в тканях рыб.

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Khirnyi, V. F. "Electron gas pressure in pure metals and metal superconductors." Functional materials 23, no. 3 (September 27, 2016): 364–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/fm23.03.364.

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6

SASAKI, G., K. MASTUGI, and O. YANAGISAWA. "MMC-03: Anodic Bonding and its Interfacial Reaction between Metals and Ionic Conductor(MMC-I: METALS AND METAL MATRIX COMPOSITES)." Proceedings of the JSME Materials and Processing Conference (M&P) 2005 (2005): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeintmp.2005.4_5.

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7

Pečkytė, Julija, and Edita Baltrėnaitė. "ASSESSMENT OF HEAVY METALS LEACHING FROM (BIO)CHAR OBTAINED FROM INDUSTRIAL SEWAGE SLUDGE / IŠ GAMYBINIO NUOTEKŲ DUMBLO PAGAMINTOS BIOANGLIES SUNKIŲJŲ METALŲ IŠPLOVIMO ĮVERTINIMAS." Mokslas – Lietuvos ateitis 7, no. 4 (September 29, 2015): 399–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/mla.2015.811.

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Biochar can be produced from many various feedstock including biomass residues such as straw, branches, sawdust and other agricultural and forestry waste. One of the alternatives is to obtain biochar from industrial sewage sludge, however, the use of such a product could be limited due to high quantities of heavy metals in the biochar as a product. Total concentration of heavy metals provides only limited information on the behavior of heavy metals, therefore, batch leaching and up-flow percolation leaching tests were applied to study the leaching of heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Cr, Ni, Zn, Cu) from (bio)char produced from two types of sewage sludge: from paper mill and leather industries. Bioanglis gali būti gaminama iš daugelio įvairių pramonės žaliavų, įskaitant biomasės liekanas, pavyzdžiui, šiaudus, šakas, pjuvenas ir kitas žemės ūkio ir miškininkystės atliekas. Viena iš alternatyvų – bioanglį gaminti iš pramonės nuotekų dumblo, tačiau tokį produktą galima naudoti ribotai dėl jame esančio didelio sunkiųjų metalų kiekio. Iš bendrosios sunkiųjų metalų koncentracijos tyrimų galima tik ribotai spręsti apie sunkiųjų metalų pasiskirstymą, todėl buvo taikomi du tyrimai: tyrimas, perkoliuojant atliekas vienakrypte srove, bei dvipakopis partijos (tyrinio) tyrimas siekiant išanalizuoti sunkiųjų metalų (Cd, Pb, Cr, Ni, Zn, Cu) išplovimą iš bioanglies, pagamintos iš dviejų rūšių nuotekų dumblo: popieriaus gamybos ir odos pramonės.

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Froes, F. H. "Metals and Metals Processing." JOM 39, no. 11 (November 1987): 28–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03257533.

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9

Shaiek, Moez, Noureddine Zaaboub, Deniz Ayas, Maria Virgínia Alves Martins, and Mohamed Salah Romdhane. "CRABS AS BIOINDICATORS OF TRACE ELEMENT ACCUMULATION IN MEDITERRANEAN LAGOON (BIZERTE LAGOON, TUNISIA) / CARANGUEJOS USADOS COMO BIOINDICADORES DE ACUMULAÇÃO DE METAIS NUMA LAGUNA MEDITERRÂNEA (LAGUNA DE BIZERTE, TUNÍSIA)." Journal of Sedimentary Environments 3, no. 1 (February 25, 2018): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.12957/jse.2018.32950.

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Nine crab species samples, males and females, were collected after homogeneously prospection of sediment surface of Bizerte Lagoon. Crabs were caught by dip net from Bizerte Lagoon during spring 2012. Concentrations of metals (Zn, As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb and Zn) were evaluated in the carapace and muscle tissue of crabs and in surface sediment samples. Concentrations of metals accumulated in the benthic crabs tissues were compared to the reactive metals content that constitute the bioavailable fraction of the sediments. Total organic carbon and carbonate contents were also determined, since they are principal requirements associated with crab development.Results of this work indicate that, in the study area, the metals that reach the highest concentrations in the sediments-water interface are by decreasing order Zn, Cr and Pb. The reactive concentrations of these metals are also the highest. However, the trace elements that are being accumulated in the carapace and muscle of crabs are mainly As and Cu.Continental waters flowing into the Bizerte Lagoon are the main source and the principal cause of the enrichment of trace elements in sediment. Results highlight that the reactive concentrations of metals in sediments were the principal cause of their bioaccumulation in the crabs tissues.The important results of this work highlight that cabs can be very useful on studies of monitoring and evaluation of environmental quality in addition to data obtained from the sediment as they also give information about the bioaccumulation of metals through the oceanic food webs. ResumoNove amostras de espécies de caranguejos, machos e fêmeas, foram coletadas na superfície do sedimento da Laguna de Bizerte. Os caranguejos foram capturados com uma rede na Laguna de Bizerte, na primavera de 2012. Foram avaliadas nas carapaças e no tecido muscular dos caranguejos e em amostras de sedimentos superficiais, concentrações de metais (Zn, As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb e Zn). As concentrações de metais acumuladas nos tecidos de caranguejos bênticos foram comparadas com o teor de metais reativos que constituem a fração biodisponível dos sedimentos. Os teores totais de carbono orgânico e carbonato também foram determinados, uma vez que são requisitos principais associados ao desenvolvimento dos caranguejos.Os resultados deste trabalho indicam que, na área de estudo, os metais que atingem as maiores concentrações na interface sedimentos-água são, por ordem decrescente, Zn, Cr e Pb. As concentrações reativas desses metais também são as mais elevadas. No entanto, os metais que estão sendo acumulados nas carapaças e nos músculos dos caranguejos são principalmente As e Cu. As águas continentais que desembocam na Laguna Bizerte são a principal fonte e a principal causa do enriquecimento de metais nos sedimentos. Os resultados sugerem que as concentrações reativas de metais nos sedimentos foram a principal causa de sua bioacumulação nos tecidos dos caranguejos.Os resultados deste trabalho revelam que para além dos dados sedimentológicos, os caranguejos podem ser muito úteis em estudos de monitoramento e avaliação da qualidade ambiental, pois fornecem informações sobre a bioacumulação de metais através das cadeias alimentares oceânicas.

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Rajfur, Małgorzata. "Algae - Heavy Metals Biosorbent / Glony - Biosorbent Metali Ciężkich." Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S 20, no. 1 (March 1, 2013): 23–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/eces-2013-0002.

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Abstract The publication is a synthetic collection of information on the sorption properties of marine and freshwater algae. Kinetics and sorption equilibrium of heavy metals in algae-solution system, influence of abiotic factors on the process of sorption and desorption of analytes from biomass are discussed. In paper the results of laboratory tests conducted using different species and types of algae, which purpose was to assess their usefulness as natural sorbents, are described. The conclusions drawn from current research confirm the results from literature.

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Ryzhenko, Nataliija O., S. V. Kavetsky, and Volodymyr M. Kavetsky. "HEAVY METALS (Cd, Pb, Zn, and Cu) UPTAKE BY SPRING BARLEY IN POLLUTED SOILS." Polish Journal of Soil Science 48, no. 1 (February 9, 2016): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/pjss.2015.48.1.111.

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<p>Accumulation of Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu (HM) by spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) from sod podzolic sandy loam and chernozem soils, impacted by heavy metals pollution in the soils, is studied in the article. The aim of study has been to determine spring barley bioaccumulation capacity impacted by the HM pollution with the high level of Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu concentration in soils. The HM concentration diapason caused biomass reduction – the scope of toxic tolerance was obtained. The range of contaminants concentration in soil, which caused the plant biomass reduction, from the beginning to plants death – the scope of toxic tolerance, is the index of a species reaction on selected xenobiotic. It shows: “threshold” concentration of a contaminant that caused a plant biomass inhibition; toxic process development and the correlation between contaminants concentration in soil and/or plant and the plants inhibition; the concentration that caused the plant death. Spring barley accumulation indexes of the studied metals were calculated. Relevant scopes of the plant-uptake index for each metal were calculated. Dynamics of the toxic process development of spring barley as impacted by the pollution in the break-down by studied metals were observed on two different soils. Toxic process dynamic evaluation gives the possibility to simulate concentration of the trace metal in plants, concentration of available forms of these elements in soils, and also contamination level (content of metals) that caused plants height and plant weight reduction by 10%, 50% and 90%.</p><p> </p><p>Celem pracy było określenie wpływu zanieczyszczenia gleb piaszczysto-gliniastych bielicowych i czarnoziemów przez matale ciężkie (Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu) na biakumulację tych pierwiastków w jęczmieniu jarym (Hordeum vulgare L.). Podwyższone stężenie metali ciężkich spowodowało spadek plonu biomasy (od 10 do 90%). Stwierdzono, że im wyższe stężenie pierwiastków w glebie tym reakcja negatywna roślin była większa, aż do zamierania roślin. Wyliczono wskaźniki akumulacji dla każdego z pierwiastków metali. Ocena dynamiki procesu zanieczyszczenia gleb przez metale ciężkie (na podstawie wskaźników akumulacji) daje możliwość stymulowania stężenia tych pierwiastków w glebie. </p>

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Yadav, Abhinav Parkash. "Heavy Metal Pollution In Environment And Their Toxicological Effect On Plants And Living Organisms." Humanities and Development 18, no. 1 (June 20, 2018): 153–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.61410/had.v18i1.133.

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Heavy metals normally occur in nature and are essential to life but can become toxic through accumulation in plants and living organisms. Arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, lead, nickel, and mercury are the most common heavy metals which can pollute the our environment. Most of the heavy metals causes environmental and atmospheric pollution, and may be lethal to plant. Heavy metal’s can become strongly toxic by mixing with different environmental elements, such as water, soil, and air plants and other living organisms can be uptake to them through the food chain.

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Girin, Oleg. "ELECTROCHEMICAL POLYMORPHIC PHASE FORMATION IN METALS." Acta Metallurgica Slovaca 27, no. 3 (September 13, 2021): 139–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.36547/ams.27.3.1011.

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The phenomenon of electrochemical phase formation in metals and alloys via a supercooled liquid state stage was discussed. Assuming the electrodeposited metal to be a product of formation and ultrarapid solidification of supercooled metallic liquid, a possibility of metastable phase formation during electrodeposition of polymorphous metals was suggested. It was anticipated that the polymorphic transition of the metal’s metastable form to the stable one occurs by shear, as does the martensitic transformation. To enable revealing an orientation relationship between grains of the two phases, a method for X-ray texture analysis of metals was developed using a combination of direct pole figures. It was established that the phase formation during electrodeposition of polymorphous metals produces metastable modifications typical of entities that crystallized from a liquid state at extremely high rates. In regards polymorphic transitions in metal electrodeposition, certain orientation relationships were observed between grains of the stable and the metastable phase, which is typical of phase transformations proceeding at extremely high rates. The results obtained provided additional arguments in favor of the phenomenon under discussion.

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Zigmontienė, Aušra, and Indrė Liberytė. "CHANGES IN THE CONCENTRATION OF HEAVY METALS (CR, CD, NI) DURING THE VERMICOMPOSTING PROCESS OF SEWAGE SLUDGE / SUNKIŲJŲ METALŲ (CR, CD, NI) KONCENTRACIJŲ KAITA NUOTEKŲ DUMBLO VERMIKOMPOSTAVIMO PROCESO METU." Mokslas – Lietuvos ateitis 6, no. 4 (October 24, 2014): 362–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/mla.2014.49.

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Sewage sludge treatment and utilization is an important issue for a biodegradable waste management strategy. Heavy metals in sewage sludge complicate its use. Vermicomposting is one of the ways to improve the characteristics of sewage sludge and to reduce the residual concentrations of heavy metals. Study on changes in the concentration of heavy metals (Chromium, Nickel and Cadmium), when vermicomposting sewage sludge, was performed using Californian earthworms (Eisenia fetida). For that purpose, 60 kg of sewage sludge from Vilnius Waste Water Treatment Plant were taken thus inserting 1.5 kg of Californian earthworms into it. Optimal conditions for work (optimum temperature, moisture, pH) for earthworms to survive were maintained in the course of the study that lasted 120 days and was conducted in June – August. The samples of sewage sludge and earthworms were taken every 10 days. The concentrations of heavy metals in sewage sludge were measured using atomic absorption spectroscopy. Nuotekų dumblo tvarkymo ir naudojimo problema – svarbi biologiškai skaidžių atliekų tvarkymo strategijos dalis. Lietuvoje kasmet susidaro apie 80 tūkst. tonų nuotekų dumblo, o didžiausia dalis šio kiekio vis dar sandėliuojama valyklų aikštelėse. Nuotekų dumblas gali būti efektyviai naudojamas žemės ūkyje, tačiau sunkieji metalai, esantys nuotekų dumble, apsunkina jo naudojimą. Vienas iš būdų pagerinti dumblo savybes ir kartu sumažinti liekamąsias metalų koncentracijas – nuotekų dumblo vermikompostavimas. Sunkiųjų metalų (chromo, nikelio ir kadmio) koncentracijų kaitos vermikompostuojant nuotekų dumblą tyrimas atliktas naudojant Kalifornijos sliekus (Eisenia fetida). Tirta sunkiųjų metalų koncentracijos kaita viso kompostavimo proceso metu. Tyrimui naudotas nuotekų dumblas (60 kg) buvo paimtas iš Vilniaus miesto nuotekų valyklos ir į jį įleista 1,5 kg Kalifornijos sliekų. Viso tyrimo metu buvo palaikomos optimalios sąlygos sliekams gyvuoti ir veikti (optimali temperatūra, drėgmė, pH). Tyrimo trukmė – 120 parų (birželio–rugpjūčio mėnesiai), dumblo mėginiai imti 10 parų intervalu. Išmatuotos ir nustatytos sunkiųjų metalų – chromo, nikelio ir kadmio – koncentracijos nuotekų dumble.

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Lebowitz, M. D., M. K. OʼRourke, P. Van Der Water, S. Rogan, U. Arizona, and S. Gordon. "METALS." Epidemiology 9, Supplement (July 1998): S100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001648-199807001-00319.

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Burrows, Desmond D. "Metals." Clinics in Dermatology 15, no. 4 (July 1997): 505–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0738-081x(97)00054-0.

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Takeda, Osamu, Haruhiko Morito, Katsunori Enoki, Masayoshi Adachi, and Noritaka Saito. "“Sketch of Metals”, “Rankings of Metals”." Materia Japan 58, no. 1 (January 1, 2019): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/materia.58.4.

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Bauer, E. "Phase transitions in metals on metals." Applied Physics A Solids and Surfaces 51, no. 2 (August 1990): 71–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00324268.

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Márquez-Reyes, Julia Mariana, Arcadio Valdés-González, Celestino García-Gómez, Humberto Rodríguez-Fuentes, Julián Gamboa- Delgado, and Hugo Luna-Olvera Luna-Olvera. "Evaluación de los efectos sinérgicos de cromo y plomo durante el proceso de fitorremediación con berro (Nasturtium officinale) en un humedal artificial//Evaluation of the synergistic effects of chromium and lead during the process of phytoremediation with watercress (Nasturtium officinale) in an artificial wetland." Biotecnia 22, no. 2 (March 21, 2020): 171–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.18633/biotecnia.v22i2.1259.

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La contaminación por metales pesados ha aumentado con los años debido a sus diferentes aplicaciones. Se han evaluado distintas especies vegetales para bioacumular metales pesados, el berro es una especie con capacidad de fitorremediación. Sin embargo, falta información sobre la sinergia que ocurre cuando dos metales en el medio están presentes y condicionan su acumulación en las plantas. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar el efecto sinérgico en la acumulación simultánea de Pb y Cr (VI) en berro. Se utilizó un sistema cerrado y un humedal artificial para evaluar el comportamiento de los metales en presencia de berro, cuantificando al final de cada experimento la concentración acumulada en tallos, hoja y raíz. La mayor concentración de ambos metales fue en raíz (Pb > Cr). Al incrementarse la presencia de Cr (VI) en solución, la planta absorbe más metal, y en combinación con Pb el índice de tolerancia se aumenta y el factor de translocación disminuye. Dentro del humedal construido el porcentaje de remoción de Pb y Cr total fue del >99.9% (100 mg L-1) y 95% (28.5 mg L-1), respectivamente. Los resultados obtenidos indican que existen interacciones ambientales, físicas y químicas que determinan la capacidad de bioacumulación en el berro, de los metales evaluados.ABSTRACTHeavy metal pollution has increased over the years due to its different applications. Different plant species have been evaluated to bioaccumulate heavy metals; watercress is a species with phytoremediation capacity. However, there is little information on the synergy that occurs when two metals in the medium are present and condition their accumulation in plants. The objective of this research was to evaluate the synergistic effect on the simultaneous accumulation of Pb and Cr (VI) in watercress. We used a batch system and an artificial wetland to evaluate the behavior of metals in the presence of watercress, quantifying at the end of each experiment the cumulative concentration in stems, leaf, and root. The highest concentration of both metals occurred in the root section (Pb> Cr). As the presence of Cr (VI) in solution increases, the plant absorbs more metal, and combination with Pb the tolerance index is increased and the translocation factor decreases. Within the constructed wetland the percentage of total Pb and Cr removal was >99.9 % (100 mg L-1) and 95% (28.5 mg L-1) respectively. The results show the presence of effects of environmental, physical and chemical interactions that determine the capacity of bioaccumulation of the metals evaluated in watercress.

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Mahmood, Tariq, Salman Akbar Malik, and Syed Tajammul Hussain. "Biosorption and recovery of heavy metals from aqueous solutions by Eichhornia crassipes (water hyacinth) ash." BioResources 5, no. 2 (April 22, 2010): 1244–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.5.2.1244-1256.

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Heavy metal’s release without treatment poses a significant threat to the environment. Heavy metals are non-biodegradable and persistent. In the present study the ash of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes), was used to remove six metals from aqueous solutions through biosorption. Results of batch and column experiments showed excellent adsorption capacity. Removal of lead, chromium, zinc, cadmium, copper, and nickel was 29.83, 1.263, 1.575, 3.323, 2.984 and 1.978 µgg-1, respectively. The biosorptive capacity was maximum with pH >8.00. Desorption in µgg-1 of ash for lead, chromium, zinc, cadmium, copper, and nickel was 18.10, 9.99, 11.99, 27.54, 21.09, and 3.71 respectively. Adsorption/desorption of these metals from ash showed the potential of this technology for recovery of metals for further usages. Hydrogen adsorption was also studied with a Sievert-type apparatus. Hydrogen adsorption experiments showed significant storage capacity of water hyacinth ash.

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Dolibóg, Magdalena, and Weronika Osmala-Kurpiewska. "Awareness of parents of preschool children about selected heavy metals in food." Annales Academiae Medicae Silesiensis 78 (February 29, 2024): 61–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.18794/aams/175882.

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WstępDziałalność człowieka przyczyniła się do szerokiego rozpowszechnienia metali ciężkich w środowisku naturalnym. Skutki narażenia na metale ciężkie mogą się ujawnić dopiero po upływie wielu lat. Narażenie dzieci na metale ciężkie drogą pokarmową może stanowić istotne ryzyko zdrowotne, dlatego wiedza oraz postawy zdrowotne rodziców i opiekunów prawnych mają niebagatelne znaczenie w zakresie minimalizacji ryzyka zdrowotnego dzieci. Celem pracy była ocena poziomu wiedzy rodziców na temat metali ciężkich, ich występowania w żywności oraz zagrożeń dla zdrowia dzieci, wynikających ze spożywania żywności zanieczyszczonej metalami ciężkimi.Materiał i metodyNarzędzie badawcze stanowił autorski kwestionariusz ankiety, składający się z części „metryczka” oraz pytań zamkniętych, głównie jednokrotnego wyboru. Grupę badaną stanowiło 100 rodziców z dwóch placówek przedszkolnych zlokalizowanych na terenie województwa śląskiego. Wyniki kwestionariusza ankiety zostały opracowane w programie Microsoft Office Excel 2019. Za pomocą programu Statistica 13 (StatSoft) wykonano analizę statystyczną (test chi-kwadrat), a istotność statystyczną przyjęto na poziomie α = 0,05.WynikiRodzice dzieci w wieku przedszkolnym nie są świadomi zagrożeń związanych z ekspozycją na metale ciężkie. Większość respondentów nie zapoznawała się z informacjami ogólnymi na temat obecności metali ciężkich w produktach spożywczych.WnioskiŚwiadomość rodziców dzieci w wieku przedszkolnym dotycząca wybranych metali ciężkich występujących w żywności jest niska. Wskazane jest wdrożenie działań edukacyjnych w celu zwiększenia poziomu wiedzy rodziców na temat możliwych następstw zdrowotnych i sposobów zmniejszania ryzyka zdrowotnego wynikającego z narażenia na metale ciężkie drogą pokarmową.

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HUH, S. C., W. J. PARK, and S. H. PARK. "MMC-11: Evaluation of Design Strength and Residual Stress in Ceramic/Metal Joint(MMC-II: METALS AND METAL MATRIX COMPOSITES)." Proceedings of the JSME Materials and Processing Conference (M&P) 2005 (2005): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeintmp.2005.10_1.

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Collaguazo, Nancy Yadira, Humberto Ayala Armijos, and Geanina Machuca Loja. "Cuantificación de metales pesados en Anadara tuberculosa(Mollusca:bivalvia) del estero Huaylá de Puerto Bolívar, por espectrofotometría de absorción atómica. // Quantification of heavy metals in Anadara tuberculosa, (Mollusca: bivalvia) from the Huaylá estuary of Puerto Bolívar, by atomic absorption spectrophotometry." Ciencia Unemi 10, no. 24 (December 15, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.29076/issn.2528-7737vol10iss24.2017pp1-10p.

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La presencia de metales pesados en moluscos bivalvos implica un grave problema para la salud de los consumidores de este tipo de alimento. Por ello, el objetivo de la investigación fue determinar la presencia de metales pesados enAnadara tuberculosa, moluscode importancia comercial en Puerto Bolívar, Ecuador. El método utilizado para cuantificar la concentración de metales pesados fue la espectrofotometría de absorción atómica, se determinó la concentración de seis metales: Plomo (Pb), Arsénico (As), Mercurio (Hg), Cadmio (Cd), Cromo (Cr) y Cobalto (Co). Los valores promedios obtenidos, expresados en mg.kg-1 fueron: Pb (7,52 ± 0,46); As (1,55 ± 0,14); Hg (364,38 ± 91, 39); Cd (1,68 ± 0,28); Cr (3,89 ± 1,82) y Co (2,71 ± 0,34 en Anadara tuberculosa. Los resultados muestran que el Pb, As, Cd, y Hg superan los límites máximos permisibles, el Mercurio supera en más de 100 veces el valor límite. La talla más pequeña (3-4 cm) del molusco en estudio posee la capacidad de bioacumular mayor concentración de Pb, Cd y Cr.ABSTRACTThe presence of heavy metals in bivalve molluscs implies a serious problem for the consumers health of this type of food. Therefore, the objective of the present investigation was to determine the presence of heavy metals in Anadara tuberculosa, mollusc of commercial importance at Puerto Bolívar, Ecuador. Atomic absorption spectrophotometry was the method used to quantify the concentration of heavy metals. The concentration of six metals was determined: lead (Pb), arsenic (As), mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr) and cobalt (Co). The average values obtained, expressed in mg.kg-1 were: Pb (7.52 ± 0.46); As (1.55 ± 0.14); Hg (364.38 ± 91.39); Cd (1.68 ± 0.28); Cr (3,89 ± 1,82) and Co (2,71 ± 0,34 in A. tuberculosa The results show that Pb, As, Cd, and Hg exceed the maximum permissible limits, mercury exceeds by more than 100 times the limit value. The smaller size (3-4 cm) studied mollusc, has the capacity to bioaccumulate higher concentration of Pb, Cd and Cr.

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Kimura, Hiroshi. "Hydrogen in metals, especially in BCC metals." Bulletin of the Japan Institute of Metals 26, no. 7 (1987): 624–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/materia1962.26.624.

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Atieh, Muataz A., Yun Ji, and Viktor Kochkodan. "Metals in the Environment: Toxic Metals Removal." Bioinorganic Chemistry and Applications 2017 (2017): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/4309198.

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Nabiullin, I. R., R. M. Gadiev, and A. N. Lachinov. "Effect of Changes in Junction Potential at the Metal1/Metal2 Interface on the Conductivity of a Metal1/Polymer/Metal1/Metal2 Structure." Materials Science Forum 845 (March 2016): 21–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.845.21.

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The polymer thin film with non-linear electrophysical properties was used as detector for phase transition in metals (Wood's alloy and indium). A voltage has been applied to the metal-polymer-metal structure and the current through structure has been measured as function of temperature. Two independent series of experiments were carried out when the polymer film is heated together with the metal and when the metal is heated only. They revealed sharp change in the current through experimental structure at the melting-crystallization point of metals. This effect is related to a change in electrochemical potential when there is a phase transition in the metal and it results in a change of the temperature dependence of current. This method can be successfully used to detect the critical temperature without the need for direct contact of the polymer detector with the test material.

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Islam, Md Shahidul. "Cefixime and Metals Complex Interaction: A systemic review on Drug-metals interaction." Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology Research 3, no. 1 (October 5, 2020): 01–03. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2693-7247013.

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The review study work comprises of interaction studies of cefixime with different group of drugs and metals to know about the alteration in pharmacological activity of cefixime by other drugs or vice versa. Cefixime is included among the cephalosporin third generation drug class which is active against a wide range of Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. Since the presence of different therapeutic class of drugs like cefixime may affect the bioavailability as well as pharmacokinetics of other drugs and metal in the blood or tissues, therefore in order to study the potential interaction of cefixime with different therapeutic class of drugs and metals which can show several type of toxicity or may develop drug resistance in the body is the main reason to perform this study. About 102 articles were screened from different databases related to Cefixime and its interaction for this review. This review study claims that there is a possible interaction between cefixime and other drugs& metals which are confirmed by different method like GLC, HPLC, and Disk Diffusion Method. Drug resistance and unwanted adverse drug reactions are a common thing for different underlying factors which becomes an alarming issue. That’s why this is significant.

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Shahidul Islam, Md, and Farzana Yesmin. "Cefixime and Metals Complex Interaction: A systemic review on Drug-metals interaction." Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology Research 3, no. 1 (October 5, 2020): 01–03. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2693-7247/013.

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The review study work comprises of interaction studies of cefixime with different group of drugs and metals to know about the alteration in pharmacological activity of cefixime by other drugs or vice versa. Cefixime is included among the cephalosporin third generation drug class which is active against a wide range of Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. Since the presence of different therapeutic class of drugs like cefixime may affect the bioavailability as well as pharmacokinetics of other drugs and metal in the blood or tissues, therefore in order to study the potential interaction of cefixime with different therapeutic class of drugs and metals which can show several type of toxicity or may develop drug resistance in the body is the main reason to perform this study. About 102 articles were screened from different databases related to Cefixime and its interaction for this review. This review study claims that there is a possible interaction between cefixime and other drugs& metals which are confirmed by different method like GLC, HPLC, and Disk Diffusion Method. Drug resistance and unwanted adverse drug reactions are a common thing for different underlying factors which becomes an alarming issue. That’s why this is significant.

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Lee, Kee-Ahn, Jae-Sung Oh, Young-Min Kong, and Byoung-Kee Kim. "Manufacturing And High Temperature Oxidation Properties Of Electro-Sprayed Fe-24.5% Cr-5%Al Powder Porous Metal." Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 60, no. 2 (June 1, 2015): 1169–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/amm-2015-0091.

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Abstract Fe-Cr-Al based Powder porous metals were manufactured using a new electro-spray process, and the microstructures and high-temperature oxidation properties were examined. The porous materials were obtained at different sintering temperatures (1350°C, 1400°C, 1450°C, and 1500°)C and with different pore sizes (500 μm, 450 μm, and 200 μm). High-temperature oxidation experiments (TGA, Thermal Gravimetry Analysis) were conducted for 24 hours at 1000°C in a 79% N2+ 21% O2, 100 mL/min. atmosphere. The Fe-Cr-Al powder porous metals manufactured through the electro-spray process showed more-excellent oxidation resistance as sintering temperature and pore size increased. In addition, the fact that the densities and surface areas of the abovementioned powder porous metals had the largest effects on the metal’s oxidation properties could be identified.

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Geng, Nan, Yinfeng Xia, Dongfeng Li, Fuqing Bai, and Cundong Xu. "Migration and Transformation of Heavy Metal and Its Fate in Intertidal Sediments: A Review." Processes 12, no. 2 (February 1, 2024): 311. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr12020311.

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Intertidal sediments are rich in biological resources, which are important for material circulation and energy exchange. Meanwhile, these areas can be treated as sinks as well as sources of coastal heavy metal pollutants. Due to the influence of the tide, the intertidal sediments are in a state of periodic flooding and exposure, and environmental factors such as dissolved oxygen, salinity and overlying water pressure are changeable. Heavy metals in sediments are prone to migration and transformation with the dynamic effects of tidal water and the changes in the environment factors, which increase the bioavailability of heavy metals. In this review, the characteristics of distribution and the bioavailability of heavy metals in intertidal sediments are described; the migration and transformation behavior of heavy metals and its influencing factors under tidal conditions are analyzed; and the mechanisms of heavy metal’s migration and transformation in the intertidal zone are summarized. Moreover, the bioaccumulation of heavy metal by organisms and the remediation techniques are discussed. Therefore, this review systematically summarizes the states of existence, the transport mechanisms, and the fate of heavy metals in the intertidal sediment, fills in the research gap of the cycling of heavy metal in the intertidal zone, and provides a theoretical basis for the control of heavy metal pollution.

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ZAKERI, HAZLINA AHAMAD, SITI ZULAIKHA RAZAK, and HANIS HAZWANI HASMUDIN. "ANTIOXIDATIVE ENZYMES ACTIVITY OF Chlorella vulgaris (UMT-M1) IN RESPONSE TO IC50 OF Pb2+ AND Hg2+." Malaysian Applied Biology 49, no. 4 (July 19, 2021): 63–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.55230/mabjournal.v49i4.1568.

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Heavy metals accumulation in aquatic bodies will lead to many deleterious effects on organisms living in them. Furthermore, some organisms can accumulate metals and this will eventually reach the primary consumers. The application of microalgae as remediator and indicator of metals pollution has become an increasing interest to scientists. In this study, we reported on the defence responses of a marine microalga, Chlorella vulgaris (UMT-M1) against Pb2+ and Hg2+ in terms of three antioxidative enzymes activity: superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX). The activity of the enzymes was measured in alga treated with 5.7 mg/L PbCl2 and 0.18 mg/L Hg(NO3)2. These two concentrations were the IC50 values calculated using probit analysis. It was observed that Pb2+ and Hg2+ triggered a different strategy in counterattacking the metal’s effects. While a significant induction of SOD and CAT activity was evident in alga treated with both metals, APX activity was significantly inhibited in Pb2+-treated alga but was stimulated by more than 4-fold from the control in Hg2+-treated alga. Higher SOD activity was observed in Pb2+- compared to Hg2+-treated alga. However, lower CAT activity was observed in Pb2+- compared to Hg2+-treated alga. Also, a significant reduction in total soluble protein (TSP) content was observed in alga treated with Hg2+. Pb2+, on the other hand, significantly increased the production of TSP. The changes observed in the antioxidative enzymes activity and TSP content in this alga are good potentials to be used as biomarkers for metal’s bioindication tool.

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Rasheed, Marwan Majeed, Ibrahim Omar Saeed, and Omaima Mahmoud Ibrahim. "CONCENTRATIONS OF SOME HEAVY METALS IN PLANTS ADJACENT TO THE TIGRIS RIVER, IRAQ." Nativa 12, no. 1 (March 28, 2024): 191–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.31413/nat.v12i1.17292.

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ABSTRACT: The current study was completed in Salah al-Din Governorate for a full year, the period extending from June 2022 until the end of May 2023, to evaluate the concentration of zinc and copper in the plants adjacent to the Tigris River. It included the selection of six sites within the governorate, taking into account the locations close to the sources of pollution with heavy metals and the direct effects of population centers, which are (Al-Boujwari village, Al-Hajjaj village, Wadi Sheshin area, Al-Balaj, Al-Alam district and Al-Mahzam area); plant samples were taken three times for each site, during the four seasons of the year. The results showed that the concentrations of heavy metals varied temporally and spatially, as the values of zinc and copper ranged between (0.62-0.04) (0.52-0.02) mg L-1, respectively. An increase in zinc concentrations was observed compared to copper, and an increase in most concentrations was observed in the summer compared to other seasons. Keywords: heavy metals; zinc; copper; plants pollution. Avaliação das concentrações de alguns metais pesados em plantas adjacentes ao rio Tigris, Iraque RESUMO: O presente estudo foi concluído na província de Salah al-Din, durante um ano inteiro, durante o período que se estende de junho de 2022 até o final de maio de 2023, para avaliar a concentração de alguns metais pesados, zinco e cobre nas usinas adjacentes ao rio Tigre. Incluiu a seleção de seis locais dentro da província, tendo em conta os locais próximos das fontes de poluição com metais pesados e os efeitos diretos dos centros populacionais, que são (aldeia Al-Boujwari, aldeia Al-Hajjaj, área de Wadi Sheshin, Al-Balaj, distrito de Al-Alam e área de Al-Mahzam), foram colhidas amostras de plantas três vezes para cada local, durante as quatro estações do ano. Os resultados do estudo mostraram que as concentrações de metais pesados variaram temporal e espacialmente, já que os valores de zinco e cobre variaram entre (0,62-0,04) (0,52-0,02) mg L-1, respectivamente. Foi observada uma taxa de aumento das concentrações de zinco em comparação com o cobre e aumento na maioria das concentrações no verão em comparação com outras estações. Palavras-chave: Metais pesados; zinco; cobre; poluição de plantas.

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HASAN, R., I. JAUHARI, H. OGIYAMA, S. M. YUNUS, R. D. RAMDAN, and N. R. N. MASDEK. "MMC-02: Kinetic Study on Boronized Duplex Stainless Steel(MMC-I: METALS AND METAL MATRIX COMPOSITES)." Proceedings of the JSME Materials and Processing Conference (M&P) 2005 (2005): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeintmp.2005.4_4.

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Anderson, Kevin J. "Plating Metals." MRS Bulletin 18, no. 1 (January 1993): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s0883769400043499.

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Aghion, Eli. "Biodegradable Metals." Metals 8, no. 10 (October 8, 2018): 804. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met8100804.

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Over the last two decades, significant scientific efforts have been devoted to developingbiodegradable metal implants for orthopedic and cardiovascular applications, mainly due to theirimproved mechanical properties compared to those of biodegradable polymers [...]

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Shapovalov, Vladimir. "Porous Metals." MRS Bulletin 19, no. 4 (April 1994): 24–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s0883769400039476.

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Porous metals are engineered materials; they are designed for special properties. Technological progress necessitates expanding the choices of such materials, making the development of new porous metals a relevant challenge for materials scientists.Although a wealth of information has already been accumulated on these materials, new results are published every year, extending the engineer's capability to manufacture porous metals and revealing their unknown and often unusual properties. This survey describes the state of the art and some recent accomplishments in the field. This article discusses manufacturing practices, structure, properties, and applications of porous metals. Promising new research issues are also highlighted. Materials whose pores were not formed in situ, like honeycomb structures made by high-energy beams etc., are not covered.

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Kikuchi, Yasushi. "Antibacterial Metals." Materia Japan 39, no. 2 (2000): 146–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/materia.39.146.

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Jena, Smaranika, and Surjendu Kumar Dey. "HEAVY METALS." American Journal of Environment Studies 1, no. 1 (April 19, 2017): 48–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.47672/ajes.247.

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Purpose: The study investigated on heavy metalsMethodology: The study used desktop study research design.Results: Phytoremediation has been perceived to be a more environmentally-friendly “green” and low tech alternative to more active and intrusive remedial methods.Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The potential role of both free living and symbiotic soil microbes in the rhizosphere of plants growing in metal-contaminated soils in enhancing the phytoremediation process can be an important tool to support the technology. The outcome of undergoing genetic engineering investigation concerning plants applicable in phytoremediation may also lead to a better understanding of metal metabolism in plants, which can result in important contributions for the implementation of phytoremediation as a feasible soil remediation technology.

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