Relevant bibliographies by topics / Metal-support interactions

Academic literature on the topic 'Metal-support interactions'

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Published: 25 May 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Metal-support interactions"

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Tauster, S. J. "Strong metal-support interactions." Accounts of Chemical Research 20, no. 11 (November 1987): 389–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ar00143a001.

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BURCH, R. "Metal sulfide-support interactions." Journal of Catalysis 97, no. 2 (February 1986): 385–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0021-9517(86)90010-2.

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Du, Xiaorui, Hailian Tang, and Botao Qiao. "Oxidative Strong Metal–Support Interactions." Catalysts 11, no. 8 (July 25, 2021): 896. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal11080896.

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The discoveries and development of the oxidative strong metal–support interaction (OMSI) phenomena in recent years not only promote new and deeper understanding of strong metal–support interaction (SMSI) but also open an alternative way to develop supported heterogeneous catalysts with better performance. In this review, the brief history as well as the definition of OMSI and its difference from classical SMSI are described. The identification of OMSI and the corresponding characterization methods are expounded. Furthermore, the application of OMSI in enhancing catalyst performance, and the influence of OMSI in inspiring discoveries of new types of SMSI are discussed. Finally, a brief summary is presented and some prospects are proposed.
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del Arco, M., and V. Rives. "Metal-support and metal oxide-support interactions in Cu/TiO2." Reaction Kinetics and Catalysis Letters 31, no. 1 (March 1986): 239–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02062539.

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Guenin, M., P. N. Da Silva, and R. Frety. "Influence of chlorine towards metal-support and metal-sulphur support interactions." Applied Catalysis 27, no. 2 (January 1986): 313–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0166-9834(00)82927-9.

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Douidah, A., P. Marécot, S. Szabo, and J. Barbier. "Evaluation of the metal–support interactions." Applied Catalysis A: General 225, no. 1-2 (February 2002): 21–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0926-860x(01)00627-5.

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Nicole, J., D. Tsiplakides, C. Pliangos, X. E. Verykios, Ch Comninellis, and C. G. Vayenas. "Electrochemical Promotion and Metal–Support Interactions." Journal of Catalysis 204, no. 1 (November 2001): 23–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jcat.2001.3360.

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BADYAL, J. P. S. "ChemInform Abstract: Strong Metal-Support Interactions." ChemInform 25, no. 2 (August 19, 2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199402301.

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Li, Yangyang, Yunshang Zhang, Kun Qian, and Weixin Huang. "Metal–Support Interactions in Metal/Oxide Catalysts and Oxide–Metal Interactions in Oxide/Metal Inverse Catalysts." ACS Catalysis 12, no. 2 (January 6, 2022): 1268–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acscatal.1c04854.

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Okamoto, Yasuaki, Takeshi Kubota, Yoshiharu Ohto, and Saburo Nasu. "Metal Oxide−Support Interactions in Fe/ZrO2Catalysts." Journal of Physical Chemistry B 104, no. 35 (September 2000): 8462–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp994122t.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Metal-support interactions"

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Anderson, J. B. F. "Strong metal-support interactions in titania-supported metal catalysts." Thesis, University of Reading, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.372539.

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Jungius, Hugo. "Model inverse electro-catalyst investigations of metal support interactions." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2017. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/413849/.

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Gold supported titania nano-particle surfaces have been synthesised in order to understand supported electrochemical mechanisms through an inverse catalyst. The catalyst process investigated was the electro-oxidation of CO which is known to be promoted on Au nano-particles on a titania support. Synthesis proceeded via physical vapour deposition (PVD) of titanium onto a gold surface (both polycrystalline and 111 crystal), followed by alloying and oxidation to form discrete particles of titania on the surface, with variations in density of particles achieved by control of the initial titanium coverages. Scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurements indicate these particles develop with consistent triangular and hexagonal shapes, with average diameters of 11.5 and 20 nm observed depending on alloying temperature. The procession of titanium deposition on the gold surface and subsequent alloy formation was followed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements, with the formation of pure TiO2 revealed once synthesis was complete, with minimal modification to the final electronic state of the underlying gold. Electrochemical testing in an acidic environment provides evidence for alteration of the electrooxidation of CO on these modified gold surfaces. A deactivation of the CO oxidation is observed with initial addition of titania, explained by the blocking of CO adsorption on the surface. This is followed by significant subsequent increases in activity with increasing densities of titania particles, with decreasing over-potential and increasing current density observed as the titania coverage increases. This observed effect on CO oxidation activity with titania coverage in the inverse system provides significant evidence for the action of either reactant spill-over or Ti-Au interface sites as being responsible for the changes in activity observed for titania modified gold systems, whether in the inverse or standard form.
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Mogorosi, Ramoshibidu Patrick. "Metal-support interactions on Fe-based Fischer-Tropsch catalysts." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/5438.

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‘Metal support interactions’ is a term used to describe a phenomenon whereby the interaction between the active metal and the support material is strong enough to affect the catalytic activity and selectivity of the active phase. Primarily, there are two theories described in literature to explain the manner in which the development of these interactions alters catalytic behavior in supported catalysts. The first theory is ‘the contact affect’, which is generally associated with partially reducible supports such as TiO2 [Tauster et al., 1978]. It is believed that the intimate contact between the partially reduced surface of the support and the surface of the active phase results in the creation of special contact sites at the interface. These sites are thought to be responsible for the improved activity observed in TiO2 supported catalysts [Burch and Flambard, 1982; Vannice and Sudhakar, 1984; Tauster, 1987]. The second theory is ‘the ligand effect’. With this hypothesis, it is proposed that the development of chemical bonds at the interface between the active metal and the support material is responsible for the altered catalytic behavior in supported catalysts [Qing et al., 2011; Sou et al., 2012]. The presence of these bonds is believed to alter the strength of CO and H2 absorption on the surface of the active phase, resulting in different activity and selectivity. These chemical bonds might be viewed as ligand attachments [Haller and Resasco, 1989], holding the active metal in place. The ligand effect is commonly associated with irreducible support material such as silica [Hou et al., 2008; Sou et al., 2012] and alumina [Taniguchi, et al., 1988; Wan et al., 2007]. The aim of this study was to investigate metal support interactions as a ligand effect. The objective was to prepare model catalysts and modify the surface of the iron oxide using alkoxide compounds, viz. tetra ethoxy-silane (TEOS) and titanium butoxide (TBO), to generate the Fe-O-Si and Fe-O-Ti interactions respectively in a controlled and varying manner in order to investigate how these interactions affect the behaviour of the catalysts. The presence of both the surface silicate and surface titanate groups in the calcined catalyst precursor was confirmed using DRIFTS. Characterization of the calcined samples, containing Fe2O3, showed an overall decrease in the average crystallite size with increasing alkoxide loading (for both TEOS and TBO). However, this effect was more severe for the TEOS modified samples.
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Venable, Margaret Hamm. "Syntheses, structures and support interactions of potential metal oxide catalyst precursors." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/26940.

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DEMRI, HARIK OJAMILA, and J. P. HINDERMANN. "Etude des interactions metal-support et metal-promoteur sur des catalyseurs a base de rhodium." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992STR13101.

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Le but du present travail est l'etude des interactions metal-support et metal-promoteur (th, zr, ce, y, na. . . ) dans la reaction co+h#2 sur des catalyseurs au rhodium. L'utilisation combinee de differentes methodes (adsorption, microscopie electronique a transmission (met)), spectroscopie infra-rouge a transformee de fourier (ir-tf), thermodesorption programmee (tpd) et thermoreaction programmee (tpsr) a permis de tirer les conclusions suivantes: la difference de taille des particules metalliques observee par les methodes d'adsorption et par la microscopie electronique montrent qu'une partie du promoteur est situee sur les cristallites metalliques. Les faces (100) semblent preferentiellement recouvertes (ir-tf); les differences d'activite et de selectivite ne sont pas dues a des variations de tailles de particules; un nouveau mode d'adsorption de co coordine par le carbone au metal et par l'oxygene au support est confirme avec la plupart des promoteurs; la probabilite de dissociation est accrue en presence de promoteurs (tpd); la thermoreaction programmee de co adsorbe avec l'hydrogene suggere que deux mecanismes de formation de methane sont possibles: l'un par dissociation de co, l'autre par hydrogenation partielle de co avec rupture de la liaison c-o; l'intermediaire acyle dans la synthese de l'ethanol est stabilise et mis en evidence (tpd, ir-tf)
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Macheli, Lebohang. "Inverse model systems to investigate metal-support interactions in Fischer-Tropsch catalysis." Doctoral thesis, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/30921.

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This thesis aims to gain insight into the effects of metal-support interaction in Co/SiO2 catalysts using an inverse model system by modifying Co3O4 nanocrystallites with silanes (i.e. tetraethoxysilane, trimethyl chlorosilane, triphenyl ethoxysilane). It is postulated that the formation of Co-O-Si will alter the catalytic properties of the cobalt site to which silane is bonded and the adjacent ligand-free sites. The desire is to understand the effects of metal support interactions obtained after reduction of the model system on its performance in FischerTropsch synthesis, which was used as a test reaction, taking into account the change in the reducibility and metal surface area. Cobalt oxide was synthesize using sodium dodecylsulphate assisted oxidative precipitation or cobalt carbonyl decomposition and was contacted with the respective silanes in different solvents. The presence of silanes on the surface of cobalt oxide both prior and after reduction was confirmed using infrared spectroscopy. Modification of cobalt oxide with the silanes does not affect the morphology of cobalt oxide nano-crystallite and may have formed silicate islands on the surface of cobalt oxide. The presence of the silane retards the reduction process by changing the activation energy required for the reduction process. The presence of this material on the surface of cobalt decrease the surface area. However, the catalytic activity increased drastically. The interaction of Co3O4 with tetraethoxysilane was manipulated by using different solvents (mixtures) (i.e. anhydrous environment vs acid/base hydrolysing environment). For the modification in anhydrous environment, the formation of silica on the surface of Co3O4 is facilitated by heat treatment. However, in hydrous environment, the formation of silica on the surface of Co3O4 is initiated by the hydrolysis of tetraethoxysilane. The effects of modification using different solvent was tested in the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. The modification under acid catalysed hydrolysis facilitate the formation of Co-O-Si contact points followed by increase catalytic activity compared to catalysts modified in other solvents. An insight about the effects of calcination on the interaction of silica and cobalt was obtained by calcining a modified sample at different temperatures. Low temperature (573 K) calcination facilitate stronger interactions. The interaction becomes weaker in increasing temperature up to 873 K. Calcination at temperature from 973 K-1173 K result in very strong interaction that leads to the formation of Co2SiO4. To further obtain an enlightenment regarding the electronic effects caused by the modification of cobalt oxide with silane, silanes of different electronic behaviour were used. In addition to electron withdrawing tetraethoxysilane, electron donor silane (triphenyl ethoxysilane and trimethyl chlorosilane) were used to modify the surface of cobalt oxide. While the activity was increased, the product selectivity was altered differently by the different silanes used.
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Traversaz, Olivier. "Etude des interactions relatives metal-metal et metal-support mises en jeu lors de la preparation de catalyseurs bimetalliques supportes." Paris 6, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA066621.

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Ce travail a porte sur la preparation de catalyseurs bimetalliques supportes par depot selectif, en solution aqueuse, d'un deuxieme metal present sous forme de sel, sur un premier metal supporte. Les parametres (nature et composition du milieu d'impregnation, ph. . . ) regissant le depot, sur le support d'une part et sur le premier metal d'autre part, ont ete etudies. Les resultats nous ont permis de preparer des catalyseurs palladium-cuivre et platine-cuivre deposes sur des billes d'alumine, en operant en deux etapes : - penetration du cuivre au coeur du grain au moyen d'un agent complexant (acide citrique). - declenchement de l'interaction metal-metal au moyen d'un agent reducteur (acide formique). La realisation de l'interaction metal-metal a ete verifiee en utilisant des methodes de caracterisation telles que : reduction en temperature programmee, infra-rouge du monoxyde de carbone, et microscopie electronique. Les catalyseurs palladium-cuivre ont ete testes en reacteur discontinu lors de l'hydrogenation selective du butadiene et du butyne. L'effet bimetallique se traduit par une promotion de l'activite pour de faibles teneurs en deuxieme metal
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Dyasi, Nontsikelelo. "Model systems for the investigation of metal-support interactions in cobalt based Fischer-Tropsch." Master's thesis, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/33639.

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The catalyst used plays a pivotal role in the optimization of the Fischer Tropsch (FT) synthesis. Cobalt (Co)-based catalysts have been widely used in low temperature Fischer Tropsch synthesis for the production of longer chain olefins [1]. The interaction between the support and the active metal, Co, has been observed to affect the activity and selectivity of the FT synthesis [2]. In order to investigate metal support interactions independent of other support effects, the inverse method was used in the synthesis of model catalysts [3]. The inverse method mimics the interface bond between the support and the active metal, resulting in CoO-Si bond formation. By exposing Co nanoparticles (NPs) to a dilute solution of an alkoxide, tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) or triphnyl ethoxy silane (TPEOS), Co-O-Si bond (ligand) is expected to form until it reaches equilibrium state. The concentration of the dilute alkoxide solution can be varied to observe its effect on the surface coverage of the Co NPs with the alkoxide. XRD analysis of the modified cobalt nanoparticles showed that there was no evidence of the formation of a crystalline silica phase as those characteristic diffraction lines were absent. The TPR profiles showed a shift to higher reduction temperatures with increasing silica loading suggesting that the surface modification results in retardation of reduction of the cobalt nanoparticles. CO-TPD studies of the model catalyst indicated that the total number of active sites available for CO adsorption and bond cleavage decreases upon surface modification, but it leads to a more facile CO bond cleavage as evidenced by decrease in energy of dissociation. The activity of these materials in the Fischer Tropsch synthesis decreased with increasing silicon content for the oxidized cobalt nanoparticles. This was attributed to the decline in the total number of active site available for CO bond cleavage with increasing silicon content. The methane selectivity passes a minimum with increasing silicon content. This may be related to the carbon coverage on the surface of the nanoparticles affecting the chain growth. It is recommended that Fischer Tropsch synthesis studies be conducted on the modified as-synthesized cobalt nanoparticles to compare the performance of the two catalysts.
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Neumann, Sarah [Verfasser], Sebastian [Akademischer Betreuer] Kunz, Sebastian [Gutachter] Kunz, and Marcus [Gutachter] Bäumer. "Heterogeneous Catalysis with supported Nanoparticles : Particle Size Effects and Metal-Support Interactions / Sarah Neumann ; Gutachter: Sebastian Kunz, Marcus Bäumer ; Betreuer: Sebastian Kunz." Bremen : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Bremen, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1203298927/34.

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Spence, Stephanie L. "Tuning the Morphology and Electronic Properties of Single-Crystal LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4-δ." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/100790.

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The commercialization of lithium-ion batteries has played a pivotal role in the development of consumer electronics and electric vehicles. In recent years, much research has focused on the development and modification of the active materials of electrodes to obtain higher energies for a broader range of applications. High voltage spinel materials including LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4-δ (LNMO) have been considered as promising cathode materials to address the increasing demands for improved battery performance due to their high operating potential, high energy density, and stable cycling lifetimes. In an effort to elucidate fundamental structure-property relationships, this thesis explores the tunable properties of single-crystal LNMO. Utilizing facile molten salt synthesis methods, the structural and electronic properties of LNMO can be well controlled. Chapter 2 of this thesis focuses on uncovering the effect of molten salt synthesis parameters including molten salt composition and synthetic temperature on the materials properties. A range of imaging, microscopic, and spectroscopic techniques are used to characterize structural and electronic properties which are investigated in tandem with electrochemical performance. Results indicate the Mn oxidation state is highly dependent on synthesis temperature and can dictate performance, while the molten salt composition strongly influences the particle morphology. In Chapter 3, we explore the concept of utilizing LNMO as a tunable support for heterogeneous metal nanocatalysts, where alteration of the support structure and electronics can have an influence on catalytic properties due to unique support effects. Ultimately, this work illustrates the tunable nature of single-crystal LNMO and can inform the rational design of LNMO materials for energy applications.
M.S.
The development of lithium-ion batteries has been fundamental to the expansion and prevalence of consumer electronics and electric vehicles in the twenty-first century. Despite their ubiquity, there is an ongoing drive by researchers to address the limitations and improve the quality and performance of lithium ion batteries. Much research has focused on altering the composition, structure, or properties of electrodes at the materials level to design higher achieving batteries. A fundamental understanding of how composition and structure effect battery performance is necessary to progress toward better materials. This thesis focuses on investigating the properties of LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4-δ (LNMO). LNMO material is considered a promising cathode material to meet the increasing consumer demands for improved battery performance. Through the synthesis methods, the shape of individual particles and the global electronic properties of LNMO can be tuned. In this work, specific synthesis parameters are systematically tuned and the properties of the resultant LNMO materials are explored. Electrochemical testing also evaluates the performance of the materials and offers insights into how they may fair in real battery systems. In an effort to potentially recycle spent battery materials, LNMO is also utilized as a catalyst support. Alteration of shape and electronic properties of the LNMO support can influence the catalytic properties, or the ability of the material to enhance the rate of a chemical reaction. Overall, this thesis explores how LNMO can be tuned and utilized for different applications. This work provides insights for understanding LNMO properties and direction for the development of future battery materials.
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Books on the topic "Metal-support interactions"

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Baker, R. T. K., S. J. Tauster, and J. A. Dumesic, eds. Strong Metal-Support Interactions. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1986-0298.

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Baker, R. T. K., 1938-, Tauster S. J. 1935-, Dumesic J. A. 1949-, American Chemical Society. Division of Petroleum Chemistry., American Chemical Society. Division of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry., American Chemical Society. Division of Colloid and Surface Chemistry., and American Chemical Society Meeting, eds. Strong metal-support interactions. Washington, DC: The Society, 1986.

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A, Stevenson Scott, ed. Metal-support interactions in catalysis, sintering, and redispersion. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., 1987.

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(Firm), Knovel, ed. Electrochemical activation of catalysis: Promotion, electrochemical promotion, and metal-support interactions. New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, 2001.

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G, Vayenas C., ed. Electrochemical activation of catalysis: Promotion, electrochemical promotion, and metal-support interactions. New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, 2001.

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Vayenas, Costas G., Symeon Bebelis, and Costas Pliangos. Electrochemical Activation of Catalysis: Promotion Electrochemical Promotion and Metal-Support Interactions. Kap/Plenum (E), 2002.

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Vayenas, Costas G., Symeon Bebelis, Costas Pliangos, Susanne Brosda, and Demetrios Tsiplakides. Electrochemical Activation of Catalysis: Promotion, Electrochemical Promotion, and Metal-Support Interactions. Springer, 2002.

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Vayenas, Costas G. Electrochemical Activation of Catalysis: "Promotion, Electrochemical Promotion, And Metal-Support Interactions". Springer, 2013.

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Book chapters on the topic "Metal-support interactions"

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Tauster, S. J. "Strong Metal-Support Interactions." In ACS Symposium Series, 1–9. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1986-0298.ch001.

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Coq, B. "Metal-Support Interaction In Catalysis." In Metal-Ligand Interactions in Chemistry, Physics and Biology, 49–71. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4245-8_3.

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Ko, E. I., J. E. Lester, and G. Marcelin. "Metal-Support Interactions in Ni Catalysts." In ACS Symposium Series, 123–35. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1986-0298.ch013.

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Haberlandt, Helmut. "Theoretical Investigation of Metal-Support Interactions and Their Influence on Chemisorption." In Theoretical Aspects of Heterogeneous Catalysis, 311–98. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-9882-3_8.

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Panagiotopoulou, Paraskevi, and Xenophon E. Verykios. "Metal–support interactions of Ru-based catalysts under conditions of CO and CO2 hydrogenation." In Catalysis, 1–23. Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/9781788019477-00001.

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Miura, H., S. S. Feng, R. Saymeh, and R. D. Gonzalez. "The Effect of Support-Metal Precursor Interactions on the Surface Composition of Supported Bimetallic Clusters." In Catalyst Characterization Science, 294–304. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1985-0288.ch025.

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Deo, Goutam, and Israel E. Wachs. "Surface Oxide—Support Interactions in the Molecular Design of Supported Metal Oxide Selective Oxidation Catalysts." In ACS Symposium Series, 31–42. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1993-0523.ch003.

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Horsley, J. A., and F. W. Lytle. "Information on Metal-Support Interactions from Near Edge X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy and Multiple Scattering Calculations." In ACS Symposium Series, 10–20. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1986-0298.ch002.

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Spencer, M. S. "Equilibrium and Kinetic Aspects of Strong Metal-Support Interactions in Pt-TiO2and Cobalt-Doped Cu-ZnO-Al2O3Catalysts." In ACS Symposium Series, 89–98. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1986-0298.ch009.

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Idzik, Christian, Daniel Hilger, Norbert Hosters, Marco Kemmerling, Philipp Niemietz, Lucia Ortjohann, Jana Sasse, et al. "Decision Support for the Optimization of Continuous Processesusing Digital Shadows." In Internet of Production, 281–301. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-44497-5_12.

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AbstractDecision support systems can provide real-time process information and correlations, which in turn assists process experts in making decisions and thus further increase productivity. This also applies to well-established and already highly automated processes in continuous production employed in various industrial sectors. Continuous production refers to processes in which the produced material, either fluid or solid form, is continuously in motion and processed. As a result, the process can usually not be stopped. It is only possible to influence the running process. However, the highly nonlinear interactions between process parameters and product quality are not always known in their entirety which led to inferior product quality in terms of mechanical properties and surface quality. This requires accurate representations of the processes and the products in real-time, so-called digital shadows.Therefore, this contribution shows the necessary steps to provide a digital shadow based on numerical, physical models and process data and to couple the digital shadow with data analysis and machine learning to enable automatic decision support. This is exemplified at various stages throughout two different process chains with continuous processes: first, by using a thermoplastic production process called profile extrusion, and second, on the example of a metal processing process chain, from which three processes are described in more detail, namely, hot rolling, tempering, and fine blanking. Finally, the presented approaches and results are summarized.
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Conference papers on the topic "Metal-support interactions"

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Haxhimali, Tomorr, Marco Echeverria, Fady Najjar, Petros Tzeferacos, Suzanne J. Ali, Hye-Sook Park, Jon Eggert, et al. "Hydrodynamic and atomistic studies in support of high power laser experiments for metal ejecta recollection and interactions." In SHOCK COMPRESSION OF CONDENSED MATTER - 2019: Proceedings of the Conference of the American Physical Society Topical Group on Shock Compression of Condensed Matter. AIP Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/12.0000824.

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"Syngas production via combined dry and steam reforming methane over Ni-based catalyst: A review." In Sustainable Processes and Clean Energy Transition. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644902516-3.

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Abstract. Global energy consumption has eventually increased as a result of the growing world population. Various problems arise as a result. The accumulation of greenhouse gases (GHGs), which led to a shift in the world's climate, is the most problematic. Combined dry and steam reforming of methane (CDRSM) is a highly advantageous method since it uses two of the most significant GHGs, CH4 and CO2, to produce syngas, an intermediate product to produce valuable fuels. Ni-based catalysts are inexpensive, compared to many noble metals, and exhibit good reaction activity. However, deactivation, coking, and sintering of catalysts continue to be the major obstacles to commercialization. Due to better and more stable catalytic structure, which is both coke and sintering resistant at high temperatures, bimetallic catalysts have established increased activity and prolonged durability when compared to monometallic catalysts. This review highlights recent advancements in Ni-based catalysts for CDSRM by emphasizing factors such as catalyst support, bimetallic catalyst, promoters, and strong metal-support interactions (SMSI).
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Dahlstro¨m, Stefan, S. Jack Hu, and Rikard So¨derberg. "Identifying Variable Effects on the Dimensional Quality of Compliant Assembly, Using Computer Experiments." In ASME 2002 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2002/dac-34035.

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Compliant sheet metal assemblies are often used as support structures in automobiles, airplanes and appliances. These structures not only provide a metrology frame for other modules to be assembled, but also give the product its aesthetic form. For this reason, the dimension quality of the assemblies is a very important factor to control, in order to make sure that the product will function as planned and continuously keep the product cost low. The assembly is influenced by variations in the component parts and the assembly processes. Tolerance analysis, as conducted in most industries today, is normally based on the assumption of rigid parts and is thus not always valid for sheet metal assemblies, due to their compliance. This paper will present a method, based on finite element analysis (FEA) and design of computer experiments, of identifying the influence of input variables on the final geometry variation of the assembly. The influence and the interactions among the input variables are analyzed with a response model that has been constructed, using the simulation results. This response model could be used to identify the important variables that need to be controlled in assembly. An example application is included, in order to demonstrate the simulation model and response model construction. Analysis of the results from the simulations can facilitate the design of the assembly process, in order to control the dimensional quality of the product.
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Klie, Robert F., Kai Sun, Mark M. Disko, J. Liu, and N. D. Browning. "Direct observation of metal support interaction in nano-scale systems." In International Symposium on Optical Science and Technology, edited by Jin Z. Zhang and Zhong L. Wang. SPIE, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.450936.

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Cavallaro, Paul V., Christopher J. Hart, and Ali M. Sadegh. "Mechanics of Air-Inflated Drop-Stitch Fabric Panels Subject to Bending Loads." In ASME 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2013-63839.

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Rapid deployment and mobility of lightweight structures, namely inflatable structures, are of growing significance to the military and space communities. When deployment and rigidity are driven by pressure (for example, air or fluid) and materials such as textiles, elastomers and flexible composites are used, significant load carrying capacity per unit weight (or per-unit stowed volume) can be uniquely achieved. Specifically, the pressurized air directly provides the stiffness to support structural loads, thus eliminating the requirement for heavy metal stiffeners that are used in conventional rigid structures. However, the material and system behaviors are not sufficiently understood. Furthermore, predictive-performance analysis methods and test standards are not adequately established because the behaviors of inflatable fabric structures often involve coupled effects from inflation pressure such as fluid-structure interactions (FSI’s), thermo-mechanical coupling and nonlinear constitutive responses of the materials. These effects can restrict the use of conventional design, analysis and test methods. This research explores the mechanics of air-inflated drop-stitch fabric panels subject to bending loads using analytical and experimental methods. Results of experimental four-point bend tests conducted at various inflation pressures are used to validate the analytical method. The predicted and experimental deflections, wrinkling onset moments, ultimate loads, pressure changes, etc. are compared and discussed.
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Carvel, Iain, Richard D. Gunn, Christopher H. Orr, and Robin Strange. "A Practical Approach to Proving Waste Metals Suitable for Consignment as Radiologically Exempt Materials." In ASME 2011 14th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2011-59266.

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Building 220 at Harwell was built by the Ministry of Works as a Radiochemical Research and Development facility in the latter part of the 1940’s. The facility has been operational since 1949 and has been extended several times, most notably the Plutonium Glove Box Wing in the 1950’s and the Remote Handling Wing in the 1980’s. Only the Remote Handling wing remains operational, processing Historic Waste which is being recovered from storage holes elsewhere on site. The remainder of the facility is undergoing progressive strip out and decommissioning. In the Plutonium Wing and associated areas the waste ‘fingerprint’ (nuclide vector) consists predominately of alpha emitting radionuclides. Decommissioning and Decontamination (D&D) operations often result in the production of large volumes of scrap metal waste with little or no radioactive contamination. Proving that the waste is clean can be costly and time consuming, as the shape and size of the metallic waste items often means that it is difficult or impossible to monitor all surfaces using conventional hand-held survey meters. This is a particular problem for alpha contamination measurement. Traditional radiological surveying techniques are very labour intensive and involve surveyors checking every surface using hand held instruments and smear sampling the hard to access areas. Even then 100% monitoring cannot be guaranteed. An alternative to traditional methods is the Long Range Alpha Detection (LRAD) technique which remotely detects and measures secondary ionization created in air by alpha particle interactions, allowing extremely low levels of alpha contamination to be measured. A survey system, IonSens®, using the LRAD technique, was developed by BNFL Instruments Ltd (now Babcock Nuclear) which allows rapid surveying of scrap metal for alpha contamination at very low levels. Two versions of this system exist but both essentially comprise a measurement chamber into which scrap metal is placed and sealed while a measurement is carried out. Research Sites Restoration Ltd (RSRL) has purchased an IonSens® system with a single 2m long measurement chamber. This instrument is optimised for clearance monitoring of pipework of up to 150mm diameter. Testing and use of support baskets has enabled the instrument to be used as a clearance monitor for a wide range of metallic waste including hand tools. This paper illustrates how the instrument, and a robust consignment procedure, has been used to justify the clearance of several tonnes of metal wastes for recycling rather than paying for disposal of this material as low level waste.
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Semiga, Vlado, Sanjay Tiku, and Aaron Dinovitzer. "Pipeline Mechanical Damage Integrity Management Framework." In 2012 9th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2012-90433.

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With the resolution and capabilities of the latest generation multi-sensor in-line inspection tools, detection and sizing of mechanical damage (i.e. dents, metal loss, etc) and their interaction is becoming more prevalent. As a result, the number of features requiring consideration in terms of integrity assessment is ever increasing. The following paper presents a mechanical damage integrity management framework, intended to allow the assessment of a large number of features to support maintenance planning decisions. The framework is centred around organizing and collecting features into groups that share similar integrity driving parameters. An example demonstration of the framework is also presented using the results of a single ILI run on a small diameter pipeline. The example assessment focuses on shallow dents interacting with metal loss features where the metal loss features are treated as localized, gouge-like features.
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Guo, Liancheng, Koji Morita, Hirotaka Tagami, and Yoshiharu Tobita. "Validation of a 3D Hybrid CFD-DEM Method Based on a Self-Leveling Experiment." In 2014 22nd International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone22-30618.

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The postulated core disruptive accidents (CDAs) are regarded as particular difficulties in the safety analysis of liquid-metal fast reactors (LMFRs). In the CDAs, core debris may settle on the core-support structure and form conic bed mounds. Heat convection and vaporization of coolant sodium will level the debris bed, which is named “self-leveling behavior” of debris bed. To reasonably simulate such transient behavior, as well as thermal-hydraulic phenomena occurring during a CDA, a comprehensive computational tool is needed. The SIMMER code is a successful computer code developed as an advanced tool for CDA analysis of LMFRs. It is a multi-velocity-field, multiphase, multicomponent, Eulerian, fluid dynamics code coupled with a fuel-pin model and a space- and energy-dependent neutron kinetics model. Until now, the code has been successfully applied to simulations of key thermal-hydraulic phenomena involved in CDAs as well as reactor safety assessment. However, strong interactions among rich solid particles as well as particle characteristics in multiphase flows were not taken into consideration for its fluid-dynamics models. Therefore, a hybrid computational method was developed by combining the discrete element method (DEM) with the multi-fluid models to reasonably simulate the particle behaviors, as well as the thermal-hydraulic phenomena of multiphase fluid flows. In this study, 3D numerical simulation of a simplified self-leveling experiment is performed using the hybrid method. Reasonable agreement between simulation results and corresponding experimental data demonstrated the validity of the present method in simulating the self-leveling behavior of debris bed.
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Del Nevo, Alessandro, Andrea Ciampichetti, Nicola Forgione, and Simone Mannori. "LIFUS5/Mod2: The Experimental Facility for HLM/Water Interaction Investigation." In 2012 20th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering and the ASME 2012 Power Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone20-power2012-54733.

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The interaction between heavy liquid metal (HLM) and water is a safety concern for the preliminary designs of lead fast reactor and of subcritical transmutation system prototypes. Current pool-type configurations have the steam generators inside the reactor vessel. This implies that the primary to secondary leak (e.g. steam generator tube rupture) shall be considered as a safety issue in the design, but also in the preliminary safety analysis, of this reactor types. This requires availability of qualified experiments carried out with initial and boundary conditions representative of the reactor prototype. The objective is to support the development and to demonstrate the reliability of computer codes in simulating the phenomena of interest. LIFUS5/Mod2 is a separate effect test facility, designed for investigating the interaction between heavy liquid metal (HLM) and water, installed at ENEA CR Brasimone. LIFUS5 test facility is refurbished based on the operating experience acquired during the previous experimental campaigns and the support of numerical tools (i.e. SIMMER-III, -IV and, with some extent, RELAP5). The new design involves a new facility configuration, test section, instrumentation and control systems. This paper presents the new LIFUS5/Mod2 facility, the planned experimental campaign and code calculations devoted to support the design modifications, the instrumentation and the final test matrix. The activities are performed in the framework of the EC funded THINS Project and thanks the support of the Italian Ministry for the Economic Development.
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Deilamsalehy, Hanieh, Timothy C. Havens, and Pasi Lautala. "Detection of Sliding Wheels and Hot Bearings Using Wayside Thermal Cameras." In 2016 Joint Rail Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2016-5711.

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Train car wheels are subjected to different types of damages due to their interactions with the brake shoes and track. If not detected early, these defects can worsen, possibly causing damage to the bogie and rail. In the worst-case scenario, this rail damage can possibly lead to later derailments, a serious concern for the rail industry. Therefore, automatic inspection and detection of wheel defects are high priority research areas. An automatic detection system not only can prevent train and rail damage, but also can reduce operating costs as an alternative for tedious and expensive manned inspection. The main contribution of this paper is to develop a computer vision method for automatically detecting the defects of rail car wheels using a wayside thermal camera. We concentrate on identification of flat-spotted/sliding wheels, which is an important issue for both wheel and suspension hardware and also rail and track structure. Flat spots occur when a wheel locks up and slides while the vehicle is still moving. As a consequence, this process heats up local areas on the metal wheel, which can be observed and potentially detected in thermal imagery. Excessive heat buildup at the flat spot will eventually lead to additional wheel and possibly rail damage, reducing the life of other train wheels and suspension components, such as bearings. Furthermore, as a byproduct of our algorithm, we propose a method for detecting hot bearings. A major part of our proposed hot bearing detection algorithm is common with our sliding wheel detection algorithm. In this paper, we first propose an automatic detection and segmentation method that identifies the wheel and bearing portion of the image. We then develop a computer vision method, using Histogram of Oriented Gradients to extract features of these regions. These feature descriptors are input to a Support Vector Machine classifier, a fast classifier with a good detection rate, which can detect abnormalities in the wheel. We demonstrate our methods on several real data sets taken on a Union Pacific rail line, identifying sliding wheels and hot bearings in these images.
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Reports on the topic "Metal-support interactions"

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James M. Howe and Robert J. Davis. Understanding and Controlling Metal-Support Interactions in Nanocrystalline Bimetallic Catalysts. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/885190.

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Vannice, M. A. Enhancement of activity and selectivity by Metal-Support Interactions (MSI). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/7281568.

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Vannice, M. A. The Influence of MSI (Metal-Support Interactions) and the Solvent in Liquid-Phase Reactions. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/824023.

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Gonzalez, R. D. The formation of supported bimetallic clusters: The effect of support-metal precursor interactions. Final report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10163134.

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Boszormenyi, Istvan. Model heterogeneous acid catalysts and metal-support interactions: A combined surface science and catalysis study. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10115869.

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Boszormenyi, I. Model heterogeneous acid catalysts and metal-support interactions: A combined surface science and catalysis study. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6827194.

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Henrich, V. Model catalyst studies of active sites and metal support interactions on vanadia and vanadia-supported catalysts. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5484103.

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Vannice, M. A. Enhancement of activity and selectivity by Metal-Support Interactions (MSI). Progress report, September 1, 1988--June 30, 1991. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10159594.

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Tiku, Sanjay, Amin Eshraghi, Aaron Dinovitzer, and Arnav Rana. PR-214-114500-R01 Fatigue Life Assessment of Dents with and without Interacting Features. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), December 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011540.

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The long-term integrity of a dented pipeline segment is a complex function of a variety of parameters, including pipe geometry, indenter shape, dent depth, indenter support, pressure history at and following indentation. In order to estimate the safe remaining operational life of a dented pipeline, all of these factors must be accounted for in the assessment. The current project provides pipeline operators with a methodology for assessing and managing dent fatigue, thus making it possible to prioritize response and remedial action(s) in an informed manner. The methodology allows the users to carry out dent ranking/prioritization and dent fatigue life assessment. In addition to the development of the plain dent fatigue life assessment methodology, dent weld and dent metal loss interaction criteria have been developed to ascertain their effect on the fatigue life of a dent. The dent assessment methodology utilizes dent shape information that can be derived from in-line inspection (ILI) data, operating pressure spectra and pipeline material grade. A three-level approach has been developed for assessing the fatigue life or cyclic pressure loading dependent fail-ure of pipeline dents. All three assessment levels draw upon information regarding pipeline operational, material and mechanical damage data. The assessment level selection and accuracy of the results are based upon the complexity of the features, the availability of required data and the level of detail and certainty in the input data. The three levels provide a range of alternatives for integrity management, where the appropriate method to use is dependent on the desired outcome and the available information.
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Tiku, Sanjay, Aaron Dinovitzer, Vlad Semiga, and Binoy John. PR-214-073510-Z01 FS Fatigue Testing Plain Dents+Dents Interacting with Welds and Metal Loss with Data. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), August 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011514.

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Dents in buried pipelines occur due to a number of potential causes; the pipe resting on rock, third party machinery strike, rock strikes during backfilling, amongst others. The long-term integrity of a dented pipeline segment is a complex function of a variety of parameters, including pipe geom-etry, indenter shape, dent depth, indenter support, pressure history at and following indentation. In order to estimate the safe remaining operational life of a dented pipeline, all of these factors must be accounted for in the analysis. In order to characterize the severity of a dent on the integrity of a pipeline system, there must first be sufficient information available describing the behavior of the deformed pipe when subjected to typical loading scenarios. While there have been a number of full scale test programs that have been used to develop general trends in the behavior of dented pipe subjected to cyclic pressure loads, these programs have not produced sufficiently detailed information in terms of material properties, dent and pipe response to pressure loading, to form the basis of a severity assessment criterion. The objective of the current project was to generate full scale dent fatigue test data necessary to develop, validate and/or evaluate dent models capable of predicting cyclic internal pressure related failures of a pipe segment. The data generated included: detailed material characterization of the pipes involved in full scale test program, dent profile measurement, dent strains during dent for-mation and cyclic loading and recording of the details of fatigue crack location and orientation within a dent. The test program developed detailed experimental data for: - Unrestrained plain dents, - Restrained plain dents, - Dents interacting with welds and - Dents interacting with metal loss.
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