Relevant bibliographies by topics / Metal Nanoparticles - Synthetic Studies

Academic literature on the topic 'Metal Nanoparticles - Synthetic Studies'

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Published: 7 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Metal Nanoparticles - Synthetic Studies"

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Mutaf, Tuğçe, Gülizar Çalışkan, Suphi Şurişvan Öncel, and Murat Elibol. "Green synthesis of metal nanoparticles by microalgae." Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 40, no. 1 (March 15, 2023): 81–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.12714/egejfas.40.1.12.

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Green synthesis of metal nanoparticles through biological resources has attracted attention in recent years. The main reason for that, a lot of toxic chemicals as reducing and stabilizing agents are used in physical and chemical methods which are known as conventional methods. Organisms such as plants, fungi, bacteria, and algae are alternative sources for green nanoparticle synthesis because of their more eco-friendly nature and not be a threat to human health. Microalgae as aquatic microorganisms have been added into the formulations of food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical for many years, due to their high value-added metabolites such as proteins, vitamins, pigments, fatty acids, intracellular and extracellular polysaccharides. In addition, microalgae have a high potential in biogenic nanoparticle synthesis because of their metal ions accumulation capability, phytoremediation potential, and rich in intracellular and extracellular metabolites that will reduce metal ions to elemental state. In recent years, the number of studies, focused on silver, gold, titanium, zinc, iron, etc. nanoparticle synthesis from many microalgae species by intracellular and extracellular pathways has increased. This review article aims to provide a brief outline of microalgae and cyanobacteria species studied in the context of nanoparticle synthesis, different approaches for nanoparticle synthesis from microalgae, the mechanism of nanoparticle synthesis, and basic characterization principles and antimicrobial activities of nanoparticles produced by green synthesis.
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Adeyemi, Jerry O., Ayodeji O. Oriola, Damian C. Onwudiwe, and Adebola O. Oyedeji. "Plant Extracts Mediated Metal-Based Nanoparticles: Synthesis and Biological Applications." Biomolecules 12, no. 5 (April 24, 2022): 627. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom12050627.

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The vastness of metal-based nanoparticles has continued to arouse much research interest, which has led to the extensive search and discovery of new materials with varying compositions, synthetic methods, and applications. Depending on applications, many synthetic methods have been used to prepare these materials, which have found applications in different areas, including biology. However, the prominent nature of the associated toxicity and environmental concerns involved in most of these conventional methods have limited their continuous usage due to the desire for more clean, reliable, eco-friendly, and biologically appropriate approaches. Plant-mediated synthetic approaches for metal nanoparticles have emerged to circumvent the often-associated disadvantages with the conventional synthetic routes, using bioresources that act as a scaffold by effectively reducing and stabilizing these materials, whilst making them biocompatible for biological cells. This capacity by plants to intrinsically utilize their organic processes to reorganize inorganic metal ions into nanoparticles has thus led to extensive studies into this area of biochemical synthesis and analysis. In this review, we examined the use of several plant extracts as a mediating agent for the synthesis of different metal-based nanoparticles (MNPs). Furthermore, the associated biological properties, which have been suggested to emanate from the influence of the diverse metabolites found in these plants, were also reviewed.
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Peña-Parás, Laura, Demófilo Maldonado-Cortés, Jaime Taha-Tijerina, Patricio García-Pineda, Gerardo Tadeo Garza, Mariana Irigoyen, Jorge Gutiérrez, and Dario Sánchez. "Extreme pressure properties of nanolubricants for metal-forming applications." Industrial Lubrication and Tribology 68, no. 1 (February 8, 2016): 30–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ilt-05-2015-0069.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the extreme pressure properties of CuO and TiO2 nanoparticle additives with the incorporation of a surfactant within a synthetic fluid for metal-forming applications. Design/methodology/approach – The paper studies the effect of CuO and TiO2 nanoparticle additives at various concentrations (0.01, 0.05 and 0.10 wt. per cent) in a synthetic lubricant fluid under extreme pressure conditions. Oleic acid surfactant is added to the nanolubricant to improve dispersion and stability of nanoparticles. Extreme pressure tribological tests are performed on a four-ball T-02 tribotester according to the ITEePib Polish method for testing lubricants under conditions of scuffing. Findings – The results show that the addition CuO and TiO2 nanoparticles under the presence of OA resulted in an increase of the load-carrying capacity (poz) of the lubricant up to 137 and 60 per cent, respectively. The seizure load was also increased by 50 and 15 per cent, respectively. Practical implications – The results show that CuO and TiO2 nanoparticles can be successfully used as additives improving extreme pressure properties of lubricants. Originality/value – This demonstrates the potential of nanoparticle additives using surfactants for improving the extreme pressure properties of lubricants. These nanolubricants can be used for metal-forming applications like deep-drawing, achieving an increased tool life.
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Paulraj, Prabhavathi, Sankareswaran Muruganantham, Anbalagan S, Manikandan A, and Karthikeyan G. "GREEN SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES FROM WITHANIA SOMNIFERA (L.) DUNAL." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 9, no. 5 (September 1, 2016): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2016.v9i5.13204.

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ABSTRACTThe metal nanoparticle synthesis is highly explored the field of nanotechnology. The biological methods seem to be more effective because of slowreduction rate and polydispersity of the final products. The main aim of this study is too the rapid and simplistic synthesis of silver nanoparticlesby Withania somnifera Linn. at room temperature. The exposure of reaction mixtures containing silver nitrate and dried leaf powder of W. somniferaresulted in reduction of metal ions within 5 minutes. The extracellular synthesized silver nanoparticles were characterized by ultraviolet-visible,infrared (IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction studies, zeta potential, Fourier transform IR, and scanning electron microscopy. The antibacterial andantifungal studies showed significant activity as compared to their respective standards. From the results, W. somnifera sliver nanoparticle has attainedthe maximum antimicrobial against clinical pathogens and also seen very good stability of nanoparticle throughput processing. As we concluded, thistype of naturally synthesized sliver nanoparticle could be a better green revolution in medicinal chemistry.Keywords: Antimicrobial activity, Silver nanoparticles, Withania somnifera.
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Kurdish, I. K. "Natural and Synthetic Nanomaterials in Microbial Biotechnologies for Crop Production." Mikrobiolohichnyi Zhurnal 83, no. 3 (June 17, 2021): 81–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/microbiolj83.03.081.

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Nanoparticles of various materials (up to 100 nm in size) are characterized by a large surface area, which significantly increases their reactive properties. This makes promissing the studies of their possible application in different technologies, including those in the agricultural production sector. This review summarizes the literature on the distribution and properties of natural nanoparticles in the environment. The features of the interaction between various types of microorganisms, nanoparticles of natural minerals, oxides of metals and carbon nanoparticles are analyzed. The review also summarizes the data on the effect of nanoparticles of different origin on microorganisms, plant growth and development. It also presents the information on the effectiveness of the use of clay mineral nanoparticles in the production of complex bacterial preparations for plant growing and the prospects of using nanoparticles of metal oxides in this industry.
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Abdelrahman, Meram S., Sahar H. Nassar, Hamada Mashaly, Safia Mahmoud, Dalia Maamoun, Mohamed El-Sakhawy, Tawfik A. Khattab, and Samir Kamel. "Studies of Polylactic Acid and Metal Oxide Nanoparticles-Based Composites for Multifunctional Textile Prints." Coatings 10, no. 1 (January 9, 2020): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings10010058.

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A novel approach toward the production of multifunctional printed technical textiles is reported. Three different metal oxides nanoparticles including titanium dioxide, magnesium oxide, and zinc oxide were prepared and characterized. Both natural wool and synthetic acrylic fibers were pretreated with the prepared metal oxide nanoparticles followed by printing using polylactic acid based paste containing acid or basic dyestuffs. Another route was applied via post-treatment of the targeted fabrics with the metal oxide nanoparticles after running the printing process. The color strength (K/S) and colorfastness properties of pretreated and post-treated printed fabrics were evaluated and compared with untreated printed fabrics. The presence of nanoparticles on a fabric surface during the coating process was found to significantly increase the color strength value of the coated textile substrates. The increased K/S value depended mainly on the nature and concentration of the applied metal oxide, as well as the nature of colorant and fabric. In addition, the applied metal oxide nanoparticles imparted the printed fabrics with good antibacterial activity, high ultraviolet protection, photocatalytic self-cleaning, and improved colorfastness properties. Those results suggest that the applied metal oxide-based nanoparticles could introduce ideal multifunctional prints for garments.
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R. Aarathy, A., M. S. Gopika, and S. Savitha Pillai. "Recent Insights into the Potential of Magnetic Metal Nanostructures as Magnetic Hyperthermia Agents." Sensor Letters 18, no. 12 (December 1, 2020): 861–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/sl.2020.4297.

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The advancements in magnetic nanoparticle mediated hyperthermia give so many optimistic and fruitful results that make it a promising and complementary approach for the existing treatment modalities of cancer. This thermotherapy is gaining wide acceptance among the medical community compared to the conventional treatment methods. The former provides a local heat generation in the malignant tumor cells and remains non-invasive to the adjacent healthy cells. The increased heating efficiency of magnetic nanoparticles and the control of local therapeutic temperature are the main challenges of hyperthermia. Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide nanoparticles have been intensively studied and dominating in magnetic hyperthermia. Recently many researchers successfully demonstrated high heating efficiency and biocompatibility of a wide variety of magnetic metal nanoparticles and proposed as the most promising alternative for traditional iron oxides, which opens up a new avenue for magnetic metal nanoparticles in magnetic hyperthermia. The review presents the recent advancements that occurred in the field of metal nanoparticle mediated magnetic hyperthermia. The theory underlying heat generation, synthesis methods, biofunctionalization, Specific Absorption Rate studies, challenges and future perspectives of magnetic metal nanoparticles are presented. This will inspire more in-depth research and advance practical applications of metal nanoparticles in magnetic hyperthermia.
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Imran Din, Muhammad, Faria Rafique, Muhammad Sadaf Hussain, Hafiz Arslan Mehmood, and Sadia Waseem. "Recent developments in the synthesis and stability of metal ferrite nanoparticles." Science Progress 102, no. 1 (March 2019): 61–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0036850419826799.

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This article presents a comprehensive review on the synthesis and stability of ferrite nanoparticles such as nickel ferrite (NiFe2O4), zinc ferrite (ZnFe2O4), manganese ferrite (MnFe2O4), iron ferrite (Fe2O3), cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4) and also mixed nanoparticles. Different synthetic methods for ferrite nanoparticles have been reviewed such as co-precipitation, thermal decomposition and hydrothermal, microwave-assisted and sonochemical methods. The effect on the stability of different capping agents like canola oil, glycerol, sodium dodecyl, sodium citrate, oleic acid, Triton-100 and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonates has also been studied.
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Kandasamy, Senthilkumar, Sampathkumar Velusamy, Pradeep Thirumoorthy, Mageshkumar Periyasamy, SenthilkumarVeerasamy, K. M. Gopalakrishnan, U. Sathish, Vallarasu Kiramani, Fathima Darras Gracy Antrini, and Selvakumar Periyasamy. "Adsorption of Chromium Ions from Aqueous Solutions by Synthesized Nanoparticles." Journal of Nanomaterials 2022 (May 23, 2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/6214438.

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In the present manuscript, an attempt has been made to remove chromium metal ions from synthetic effluent using adsorption process. The synthesized titanium dioxide nanoparticles were used as adsorbents. Adsorption studies were performed in batch process. Various characterization of synthesized nanoparticles such as XRD analysis, optical properties of nanoparticles using UV-visible absorption spectroscopy, concentration of chemical bonds, and atomic arrangement using (FTIR) have been performed and analyzed. The dependency of adsorption percentage of metal ions and equilibrium amount of metal adsorbed with respect to pH, adsorbent dosage, initial concentration, and temperature are studied. Mechanisms of metal ion adsorption process explained by various adsorption isotherms and adsorption kinetic models. The criteria for statistical significance of correlation coefficient ( R 2 ) for fitting the experimental data to the various isotherms were tested and analyzed. The experimental results reveal that synthesized titanium dioxide nanoparticles could be used as adsorbents in order to remove chromium ions present in industrial wastewater.
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Martínez-Cabanas, María, Marta López-García, Pilar Rodríguez-Barro, Teresa Vilariño, Pablo Lodeiro, Roberto Herrero, José L. Barriada, and Manuel E. Sastre de Vicente. "Antioxidant Capacity Assessment of Plant Extracts for Green Synthesis of Nanoparticles." Nanomaterials 11, no. 7 (June 25, 2021): 1679. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11071679.

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In this work, water extracts from different bio-based products of plant origin were studied to evaluate their antioxidant capacity and their potential to form metal nanoparticles from aqueous solutions. Two traditional tests, the Folin–Ciocalteu assay and the DPPH radical scavenging capacity method were compared with a more recent one, SNPAC, based on the formation of silver nanoparticles. The silver nanoparticle antioxidant capacity method (SNPAC) was optimized for its application in the characterization of the extracts selected in this work; kinetic studies and extract concentration were also evaluated. The extracts were obtained from leaves of oak, eucalyptus, green tea, white and common thyme, white cedar, mint, rosemary, bay, lemon, and the seaweed Sargassum muticum. The results demonstrate that any of these three methods can be used as a quick test to identify an extract to be employed for nanoparticle formation. Additionally, we studied the synthesis of Cu, Fe, Pb, Ni, and Ag nanoparticles using eucalyptus extracts demonstrating the efficiency of this plant extract to form metallic nanoparticles from aqueous metal salt solutions. Metal nanoparticles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering techniques.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Metal Nanoparticles - Synthetic Studies"

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Sidhaye, D. S. "Studies on synthesis and assembly of metal nanoparticles." Thesis(Ph.D.), CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, 2009. http://dspace.ncl.res.in:8080/xmlui/handle/20.500.12252/2779.

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So, Man-ho, and 蘇文浩. "Nanochemistry, synthesis, characterization and application studies of metal nanoparticles and metalloporphyrin nanowires." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B43703677.

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So, Man-ho. "Nanochemistry, synthesis, characterization and application studies of metal nanoparticles and metalloporphyrin nanowires." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2010. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B43703677.

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Raffa, Patrizio. "Metal vapour synthesis of stabilized transition metal nanoparticles: characterization, studies on factors affecting particle size and catalytic applications." Doctoral thesis, Scuola Normale Superiore, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11384/85791.

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This PhD thesis is focused on the synthesis, characterization and evaluation of catalytic activity of stabilized platinum and gold nanoparticles, generated by use of the metal vaporization technique. Metal vapour synthesis allows to obtain platinum and gold particles with diameters in the range of few nanometers. The introduction of suitable organic molecules at various stage of the synthesis has proven to be useful in order to control the final size of the produced particles. The metal nanoparticles obtained by this new approach are very stable and can be easily handled and characterized in solution. In particular, NMR based measurement of diffusion parameters has proven to be useful for the quick determination of particles size in solution. The choice of organic stabilizing ligand is crucial in determining both the particle size and the catalytic activity and selectivity of the system. Platinum particles characterized by small diameters and good catalytic performances are obtained using vinylsiloxanes and aromatic solvents while, in the synthesis of gold particles, branched thiols and alkylamines demonstrated to be a better choices over linear alkylthiols if catalytic activity is required. A new application of gold nanoparticles in catalytic silane alcoholysis reaction has also been discovered.
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Meduri, Kavita. "Carbon-Supported Transition Metal Nanoparticles for Catalytic and Electromagnetic Applications." Thesis, Portland State University, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10933285.

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Recently, there has been growing interest in using transition metals (TM) for catalytic and electromagnetic applications, due to the ability of TMs to form stable compounds in multiple oxidation states. In this research, the focus has been on the synthesis and characterization of carbon-supported TM nanoparticles (NPs), specifically palladium (Pd) and gold (Au) NPs, for catalytic applications, and transition metal oxides (TMO) NPs, specifically Fe3O4 NPs for electromagnetic applications. Carbon supports have several advantages, such as enabling even distribution of particles, offering large specific surface area with excellent electron conductivity, and relative chemical inertness.

In this dissertation, for catalytic applications, emphasis was on removal of trichloroethylene (TCE) from groundwater. For this application, carbon-supported Pd/Au NP catalysts were developed. Pd was chosen because it is more active, stable and selective for desired end-products, and Au has shown to be a good promotor of Pd’s catalytic activity. Often, commercially available Pd-based catalysts are made using harsh chemicals, which can be harmful to the environment. Here, an environmentally friendly process with aspects of green chemistry was developed to produce carbon-supported Pd/Au NP catalysts. This process uses a combination of sonochemistry and solvothermal syntheses. The carefully designed carbon-supported Pd/Au NP catalyst material was systematically characterized, tested against TCE, and optimized for increased rate of removal of TCE. Electron microscopy and spectroscopy techniques were used to study the material including structure, configuration and oxidative state. The Pd/Au NPs were found mainly to form clusters with an aggregate-PdShellAuCore structure. Using state-of-the-art direct detection with electron energy loss spectroscopy, the Pd NPs were found to have an oxidative state of zero (0). The formation of the catalyst material was studied in detail by varying several synthesis parameters including type of solvent, sonication time, synthesis temperature etc. The most optimized catalyst was found remove TCE at double the rate of corresponding commercial Pd-based catalysts in a hydrogen headspace. This material was found to catalyze the removal of TCE via traditional hydrodehalogenation and shows promise for the removal of other contaminants such as trichloropropane (TCP), carbon tetrachloride (CT).

This green approach to make and optimize TM materials for specific applications was extended to TMOs, specifically magnetite (Fe3O4) and further developed for the application of electromagnetism. As catalysts, Fe3O4 is used for removal of p-nitrophenol from water. However, since the carbon-supported Pd/Au material system was developed and optimized for catalysis, here, carbon-supported Fe3O 4 NPs were developed for electromagnetic applications. There has been growing interest in tuning the magnetic properties of materials at room temperature with the use of external electric fields, for long-term applications in data storage and spintronic devices. While a complete reversible change of material properties has not yet been achieved, some success in partial switching has been achieved using multiferroic spinel structures such as Fe3O 4. These materials experience a change in magnetic moment at room temperature when exposed to the electric fields generated by electrochemical cells such as lithium ion batteries (LIBs) and supercapacitors (SC). In the past, a 1% reversible change was observed in Fe3O4 using LIBs. Here, building on the developments from previous material system, Fe 3O4 NPs were directly hybridized onto the graphene support in order to increase the observable change in magnetic moment. The material was systematically designed and tested for this application, including a study of the material formation. A simple, environmentally friendly synthesis using the solvothermal process was implemented to make the graphene-supported Fe 3O4 NPs. This new material was found to produce a reversible change of up to 18% in a LIB. In order to overcome some of the difficulties of testing with a LIB, a corresponding hybrid SC was designed, built and calibrated. The graphene-supported Fe3O4 NPs were found to produce a net 2% reversibility in the SC, which has not been reported before. The results from both the LIB and SC were analyzed to better understand the mechanism of switching in a spinel ferrite such as Fe3O4, which can help optimize the material for future applications.

The focus of this dissertation was on the development of a methodology for carbon-supported TM and TMO NPs for specific applications. It is envisioned that this approach and strategy will contribute towards the future optimization of similar material systems for a multitude of applications.

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Ray, Priyanka. "Calixarenes and Nanoparticles : Synthesis, Properties and Applications." Thesis, Paris 11, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA112131.

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Le travail présenté dans ce manuscrit inclut la synthèse organique des différents types de calixarènes, l'étude de leurs propriétés optiques, des simulations théoriques pour déterminer leurs conformations favorables et leurs utilisations pour stabiliser des nanoparticules. Des nanoparticules d’argent, d’or, de platine et des nanoparticules bimétalliques (Ag-Au) ont été synthétisées en utilisant par réduction radiolytique ainsi que la synthèse la photochimique. Ces nanoparticules sont stabilisées en utilisant des calixarènes et divers polymères. Les nanomatériaux ont été caractérisés par spectroscopie d’absorption UV-Visible et spectroscopie de fluorescence et par des observations en microscopie électronique en transmission. Comme les nanoparticules métalliques sont connues pour leurs applications dans divers domaines, des propriétés antibactériennes de nanoparticules d'argent et des propriétés électrocatalytiques des nanoparticules d'or ont été testées
The work presented in this manuscript includes the organic synthesis of different types of calixarenes, the study of their optical properties, computational studies for determination of their favourable conformations and their use in the stabilisation of nanoparticles. Silver, gold, platinum and bimetallic (Ag-Au) nanoparticles were synthesised using radiolytic reduction as well as photochemical method. These nanoparticles were stabilised by calixarenes and also other ligands which included several polymers. The nanomaterials were characterised using UV-Visible absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) measurements. As metal nanoparticles are known for their applications in various fields, the antibacterial properties of silver nanoparticles and the electrocatalytic properties of gold nanoparticles were tested
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Zimmermann, M., and G. Garnweitner. "Formation Studies on the Nonaqueous Synthesis of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles in a 1.5 L Reactor System." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2012. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/34891.

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In the last years, the nonaqueous synthesis has been demonstrated as a highly versatile method for the simple synthesis of highly crystalline metal oxide nanoparticles and nanomaterials. Thereby, we have presented the synthesis of a multitude of different metal oxides (e.g., TiO2, ZrO2, BaTiO3, Fe3O4). The mechanisms of particle formation as well as the influence of process parameters on the particle properties however remain largely unknown so far, as the molecular mechanisms are rather complex. In this paper, we show that the synthesis of metal oxide nanoparticles is feasible also on a multi-gram reactor scale on the example of anatase TiO2 nanoparticles. Using a reactor system equipped with a sampling system for with-drawal of samples at different stages of the reaction, the kinetics of particle formation could be determined and compared to the formation of organic side products and water. Additionally, insights into the influence of different process parameters on the particle properties are shown and can be utilized to tailor size and morphology of the product nanoparticles. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/34891
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TRASATTI, Andrea. "New heteroscorpionate and macrocyclic ligands, related metal complexes and novel Gold nanoparticles: synthesis, structure analysis and biological studies." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Camerino, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11581/401702.

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The synthesis, the structural and the biological analysis of a series of new macrocyclic, heteroscorpionate ligands and related copper complexes are reported in the first two parts of this PhD thesis. In the third part the study of the internalization processes of new gold nanoparticles in the HeLa cells were showed. In the first part the coordination environment and the stability behavior of the new macrocyclic ligands 1,10-dithia-4,7-diazacyclododecane-3,8-dicarboxylic acid (NEC-SE), 1,10-dithia-4,7-diazacyclotridecane-3,8-dicarboxylic acid (NEC-SP), 1,10-dithia-4,7-diazacyclotetradecane-3,8-dicarboxylic acid (NEC-SB), 4-methyl-1,7-ditihia-4,10,13-triazacyclopentadecane-9,14-dicarboxylic acid (NEC-SN-Me) and of the corresponding Cu(II) complexes were investigated both in the solid state and in aqueous solution. The Cu2+ complexation constants for NEC-SE were determined in aqueous solution. The behavior of the copper complexes in presence of the strong copper chelating bioagent human serum albumin was also examined, to gain information on the stability of these compounds in biological fluids. The corresponding 64Cu(II) labeled complexes were produced in major98% radiochemical purity in collaboration with Prof. J. S. Lewis (Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, NY). Rats were injected with complexes and were euthanized at 1, 4 and 24 h. All three complexes were cleared from the blood over the first hour following injection but there was poor clearance of this activity over 24 h. In the second section the syntheses by direct coupling of preformed side chain acid and amine components of new nitroimidazole and glucosamine conjugated heteroscorpionate ligands, namely 2,2-bis(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-N-(2-(2-methyl-5-nitro-1H-imidazol-1-yl)ethyl)acetamide (LMN) and 1,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-2-{[bis(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)acetyl]amino}-2-deoxy-b-D-glucopyranose (LDAC), respectively, were reported. The related copper(II) complexes {[(LMN)2Cu]Cl2} and {[(LDAC)2Cu]Cl2} were prepared from the reaction of CuCl2*2H2O with LMN or LDAC in methanol solution. XAS and EXAFS were used to determine the local environment of the two copper(II) complexes. The new copper(II) complexes and the uncoordinated ligands were evaluated for their cytotoxic activity towards a panel of several human tumour cell lines. The results indicated that both copper(II) complexes show similar spectra of cytotoxicity and very low resistance factors (RF minus 2) against C13* ovarian cancer cells which have acquired resistance to cisplatin. In the last part only partial results were reported because the study is still in progress. This part of PhD work was carried out in collaboration with the research groups of Prof. Stellacci in the Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland, during my abroad 6 months stage. The synthesis of a series of mixed-ligand gold nanoparticle (NPs) obtained varying the lengths of both the hydrophobic and hydrophilic ligand length were carried out. The synthesized NPs were studied using 1H-NMR (first and before the decomposition with potassium cyanide), TEM and GC-MS analysis. The NPs with a size between 4 and 10 nm were recovered using the fractionation by centrifugation, which is a technique that uses the principle that larger particles sediment faster than smaller ones. Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and flow cytometry (FCM) were used to explore how the temperature of the system, the size of NPs and their shell composition affect the internalization processes in the analyzed cell.
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Tran, Kristina L. "Synthesis, Characterization, and Self-Assembly of Gold Nanorods and Nanoprisms." Scholar Commons, 2010. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3446.

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The unique properties of gold nanoparticles make them excellent candidates for applications in electronics, sensing, imaging, and photothermal therapy. Though abundant literature exists for isotropic gold nanoparticles, work on nanoparticles of different shapes has been gaining interest recently. Anisotropic gold nanoparticles, such as nanorods and nanoprisms, have tunable optical properties in the visible and near-infrared regions. Through synthesis and surface modification, the production of various shapes of these gold nanoparticles can be controlled to meet different applications. Two different types of gold nanorods were used in this thesis. The first type was stabilized with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and had aspect ratios of 3-4 (defined as the nanorod length divided by the diameter). The second type was synthesized using CTAB and benzyldimethylhexadecylammonium chloride (BDAC) in a binary surfactant system which produced aspect ratios greater than 4. The nanorods were characterized with UV-Vis spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Two types of bowl-shaped macrocyclic compounds called resorcinarenes were used to direct self-assembly of the nanorods. The first type of resorcinarene (R2S) consisted of thiol(SH)-terminated alkyl chains on both rims. The second type (R1S) contained thiol-terminated alkyl chains on only one rim. The monolayer formation of these resorcinarenes on planar gold surfaces was studied and characterized by FTIR spectroscopy. Resorcinarene-mediated assembly of gold nanorods was monitored with UV-Vis spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and TEM. In addition to gold nanorods, gold nanoprisms were synthesized through a kinetically-controlled reduction route in the presence of CTAB. The linking of nanoprisms using resorcinarenes was also explored.
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Weerathunga, Kaluarachchige Don H. "Metal nanoparticle and semiconductor heterogeneous catalysis for synthetic organic oxidation reactions." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2022. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/228677/1/Kaluarachchige%20Don_Weerathunga_Thesis.pdf.

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This thesis investigated new metal nanoparticle and semiconductor catalyst and photocatalyst systems for achieving fine chemical synthesis from both fossil-fuel sourced reactants and biomass carbohydrate-derived reactants. Photocatalysts for industrially important organic oxidation reactions were developed that efficiently worked with the aid of solar light irradiation, at low temperature and pressure, that avoided the use of hazardous chemicals. The effects on the organic reaction mechanisms of different noble metal nanoparticle and metal oxide nanostructures were explored for these chemical transformations. Success in developing the nanomaterial photocatalysts has contributed to the field of sustainable green chemical synthesis.
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Books on the topic "Metal Nanoparticles - Synthetic Studies"

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Jolivet, Jean-Pierre. Metal Oxide Nanostructures Chemistry. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190928117.001.0001.

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This much-anticipated new edition of Jolivet's work builds on the edition published in 2000. It is entirely updated, restructured and increased in content. The book focuses on the formation by techniques of green chemistry of oxide nanoparticles having a technological interest. Jolivet introduces the most recent concepts and modelings such as dynamics of particle growth, ordered aggregation, ionic and electronic interfacial transfers. A general view of the metal hydroxides, oxy-hydroxides and oxides through the periodic table is given, highlighting the influence of the synthesis conditions on crystalline structure, size and morphology of nanoparticles. The formation of aluminum, iron, titanium, manganese and zirconium oxides are specifically studied. These nanomaterials have a special interest in many technological fields such as ceramic powders, catalysis and photocatalysis, colored pigments, polymers, cosmetics and also in some biological or environmental phenomena.
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Telser, Joshua. Synthetic and Spectroscopic Studies of Metal Carboxylate Dimers. Creative Media Partners, LLC, 2019.

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Telser, Joshua. Synthetic and Spectroscopic Studies of Metal Carboxylate Dimers. Dissertation Discovery Company, 2019.

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Visweswara Rao, Pasupuleti, Balam Satheesh Krishna, and Mohammad Saffree Jeffree, eds. Coronaviruses Transmission, Frontliners, Nanotechnology and Economy. UMS Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51200/coronavirusesdrraoums2021.

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Coronaviruses are the viruses which cause different types of diseases in humans and animals. They belong to Coronaviridae family. Coronaviruses have unique shape which consists of spiked rings and sometimes to deal with them is a tough task. They are the tiny organisms which can only be seen under the microscopes. Even though the corona viruses exist in nature since decades, however the seriousness is only seen with the pandemic SARS-CoV II or COVID-19. It has taken so many lives away and the loss of various businesses. Keeping in view these situations, the authors and editors try to bring few of the important aspects together and compiled this book. The transmissions occur through different means and the vaccines are under production by various giant companies. Second chapter deals with animals as sources of transmitting agents to spread corona virus. Up to date the Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recognizes 7 species of coronaviruses that infect humans, with the earliest known species identified in the mid-1960s. The known human coronaviruses are 229E (alpha coronavirus), NL63 (alpha coronavirus), OC43 (beta coronavirus), HKU1 (beta coronavirus), MERS-CoV (causes Middle East Respiratory Syndrome, MERS), SARS-CoV (causes Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, SARS) and SARS-CoV-2 (causes the coronavirus disease also in 2019, also known as COVID-19). Third chapter dealt with risk assessment for front liners during COVID-19 pandemic and clearly explained about the risk assessment factors. Healthcare workers (HCWs) are on the frontline of treating patients infected with COVID-19. However, data related to its infection rate among HCWs are limited. Chapter 4 deals with the nanotechnology and its applications on viral diseases. Nanobiotechnology is science of nanoparticle synthesis by using biotechnological applications in biology, physics, engineering, drug delivery, diagnostics, and chemistry. The use of metal/ polymeric nanoparticles as drug delivery systems has become extensive in last two decades. The commercialization of developed novel nanoparticles/drug loaded polymeric nanoparticles delivery systems are required to eradicate virus with improved safety measures in the humans with affordable cost. Chapter 5 mainly focused on the impact of COVID -19 on China, Malaysia, Indonesia, and India. The outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic is an unprecedented shock to the Emerging economies. The evidence reported in various studies indicates that epidemic disease impacts on a country's economy through several channels, including the health, transportation, agricultural and tourism sectors. In the chapter 6, the authors discussed the psychological response, ranges from adaptive to maladaptive spectrum. We wish to express our gratitude to all the authors and contributors from Malaysia, Indonesia, and India for readily accepting our invitation and timely contributions without any delay. We greatly appreciate their commitment. We also thank Universiti Malaysia Sabah and Universitas Abdurrab for the great collaboration and collaborative efforts.
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Badahdah, Khadija Omer. Studies of quinone monooximes and of their metal complexes and synthetic applications. 1999.

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Lee, Kajin. Synthetic applications and mechanistic studies of metal-catalyzed dehydrocoupling reactions of amine-borane adducts. 2006.

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Lee, Kajin. Synthetic applications and mechanistic studies of metal-catalysed dehydrocoupling reactions of amine-borane adducts. 2006, 2006.

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Waiker, Smruti. Metal complexes of oxygen-, nitrogen-, and sulphur-containing microcyclic ligands; synthetic and structural studies. c1992, 1992.

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Book chapters on the topic "Metal Nanoparticles - Synthetic Studies"

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Egorova, Elena Mikhailovna, Aslan Amirkhanovich Kubatiev, and Vitaly Ivanovich Schvets. "Antimicrobial Activity of Nanoparticles Stabilized with Synthetic Surfactant." In Biological Effects of Metal Nanoparticles, 219–33. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-30906-4_7.

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Muniz-Miranda, Maurizio, Francesco Muniz-Miranda, and Alfonso Pedone. "Spectroscopic and Computational Studies on Ligand-Capped Metal Nanoparticles and Clusters." In Metal Nanoparticles and Clusters, 55–87. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-68053-8_3.

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Esposito, Serena. "Synthetic Strategies for (Supported) Metal and Metal Oxide Catalysts: Case Studies." In SpringerBriefs in Materials, 53–71. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-20723-5_6.

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Salifoglou, Athanasios. "Synthetic and Structural Studies of Aqueous Vanadium(IV,V) Hydroxycarboxylate Complexes." In Vanadium: The Versatile Metal, 377–89. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2007-0974.ch027.

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Freyre-Fonseca, Verónica, Norma L. Delgado-Buenrostro, Yolanda I. Chirino, and Gustavo Fidel Gutiérrez-López. "Safety Studies of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles Used in Food Industry." In Food Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, 243–65. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-13596-0_15.

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Ramesh, R., G. T. Fathima Mubashira, M. Parasaran, and K. Kaviyarasu. "Role of Antimicrobials Agents and Studies Using Metal Oxide Nanoparticles." In Materials Horizons: From Nature to Nanomaterials, 357–71. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-2639-6_17.

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Johnson, R. C. "Nonlinear optical properties of metal nanoparticles: hyper-Rayleigh scattering studies." In Spectroscopy of Systems with Spatially Confined Structures, 715–16. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0287-5_44.

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Gutmann, Torsten, and Gerd Buntkowsky. "Solid-state NMR Studies of Supported Transition Metal Catalysts and Nanoparticles." In Modern Magnetic Resonance, 1–21. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28275-6_39-1.

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Gutmann, Torsten, and Gerd Buntkowsky. "Solid-State NMR Studies of Supported Transition Metal Catalysts and Nanoparticles." In Modern Magnetic Resonance, 683–703. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28388-3_39.

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Merschdorf, M., W. Pfeiffer, A. Thon, S. Voll, and G. Gerber. "Femtosecond photoemission studies of the transient electron temperature in supported metal nanoparticles." In Ultrafast Phenomena XII, 404–6. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-56546-5_117.

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Conference papers on the topic "Metal Nanoparticles - Synthetic Studies"

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AJALA, Mary Adejoke, Ambali Saka ABDULKAREEM, Abdulsalami Sanni KOVO, Jimoh Oladejo TIJANI, and Ayomide Samuel ADEYEMI. "ADSORPTION STUDIES OF ZINC, COPPER, AND LEAD IONS FROM PHARMACEUTICAL WASTEWATER ONTO SILVER MODIFIED CLAY ADSORBENT." In SOUTHERN BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY 2021 INTERNATIONAL VIRTUAL CONFERENCE. DR. D. SCIENTIFIC CONSULTING, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.48141/sbjchem.21scon.10_abstract_ajala.pdf.

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Clay-supported silver nanoparticles were green synthesized using the aqueous leaf extract of Parkia biglobosa. The phytochemical analysis and FTIR results of the Parkia biglobosa showed that the leaf contains phenol, tanning, and flavonoids, which act as reducing, capping, and stabilizing agents required for the synthesis of the silver nanoparticles. The prepared adsorbent has good morphology, is rich in silica, and contains functional groups suitable for heavy metal binding. The adsorptions of Zn, Cu, and Pb from pharmaceutical wastewater onto the silver-modified clay were studied as an adsorbent dosage and contact time. From the percentage removal results obtained, the adsorbent had up to 99.96%, 99.5%, and 99.44% removal efficiency for Zn, Pb, and Cu, respectively. The present work shows that the synthesized silver nanoparticles supported on local clay can be used as a potentially low-cost adsorbent to remove heavy metal ions from industrial wastewater.
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Brown, Paige K., Ammar T. Qureshi, Daniel J. Hayes, and W. Todd Monroe. "Targeted Gene Silencing With Light and a Silver Nanoparticle Antisense Delivery System." In ASME 2011 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2011-53647.

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Targeted delivery and controlled release of oligonucleotide therapeutics in vivo are essential aspects of an ideal delivery vehicle. Here we demonstrate the synthesis and in vitro/intracellular characterization of silver nanoparticle (SNP) photolabile nucleic acid conjugates, with the aim of developing a nanoparticulate platform for inducible gene silencing. Due to unique size related properties, nanostructures are being increasingly utilized for intracellular diagnostics and delivery applications. While most nanoscale delivery platforms are polymeric in composition, studies of metallic nanoparticles have highlighted their suitability for delivery of therapeutic agents such as antisense oligonucleotides [1]. The potential benefits of noble metal nanoparticles in delivery applications include tunable size and shape, ease of bulk synthesis and functionalization via ‘wet chemistry’ techniques, and enhanced stability of tethered DNA [2]. Silver is one of the best surface-enhancing substrates available for nanostructure synthesis [3]. SNP composites afford external control over surface-tethered drug release via external triggers.
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Titinchi, Salam J. J., Waheed Saban, Leslie Petrik, and Hanna S. Abbo. "Synthesis, Characterization and Physiochemical Properties of Platinum Supported on Mesoporous Carbon." In ASME 2011 9th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology collocated with ASME 2011 5th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2011-54670.

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Ordered mesoporous carbon (OMC) has been prepared by impregnating the pores of the silica template (SBA-15) with liquid petroleum gas (LPG) or sucrose. The desired support (OMC) was obtained after dissolution with NaOH. Platinum nanoparticles were dispersed on ordered mesoporous carbons using Chemical Vapour Deposition (CVD) method and Pt(acac)2 as metal source. The resulting ordered mesoporous carbon possess a large surface area with high microporosity, and a controlled pore size distribution, High-quality carbon replicas of SBA-15 show an X-ray diffraction peak at low angle, which indicates that the structural periodicity of the (111) planes has been maintained. Their pore volume and specific surface area are high and the pore volume is almost entirely microporous. The synthesized Pt/OMC was characterized by powder X-Ray diffraction, HR-TEM, HR-SEM, EDS, thermogravimetric analysis, and nitrogen adsorption. The performance of Pt catalyst supported OMC was evaluated by electrochemical studies, which shows almost similar activity to the commercial catalyst.
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Vodopyanov, Alexander, Andrey Samokhin, Nikolay Aleksev, Mikhail Sinayskiy, Andrey Sorokin, and Sergey Sintsov. "TUNGSTEN CARBIDE NANOPOWDER SYNTHESIS UNDER THE EXPOSURE OF 24 GHZ GYROTRON RADIATION ON THE NANOCOMPOSITE OF THE W-C SYSTEM OBTAINED IN A THERMAL PLASMA." In Ampere 2019. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica de València, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ampere2019.2019.9836.

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Nanoscale tungsten carbide WC powders are of practical interest for the creation of nanostructured hard alloys with enhanced physical and mechanical characteristics, wear-resistant nanostructured coatings, electrocatalysts in fuel cells, metal melt modifiers [1]. An efficient method for producing tungsten carbide nanopowder is a plasma-chemical synthesis of a multi-component powder nanocomposite system W-C in combination with its subsequent heat treatment [2]. Experimental studies have shown the possibility of producing tungsten carbide WC nanopowder by this method. But the transformation of the nanocomposite in the target product is accompanied by an increase in the size of nanoparticles. We assume that this growth is associated with prolonged heating (several hours) in an electric furnace at a temperature of about 1000 ° C. This time is necessary for the complete transformation of the nanocomposite into the target product. The aim of the work was an experimental study of the formation of tungsten carbide nanopowder WC when processing a multi-component powder nanocomposite system W-C in an electromagnetic field with a frequency of 24 GHz. A multipurpose gyrotron system with a nominal power of 7 kW with at a frequency of 24 GHz was used for the experiments. The microwave application system described in [3]. The powders were treated in an argon flow. The experiments were carried varying exposure time and microwave power. The samples of nanopowders obtained in the experiments were analyzed using the following methods: XRD, TEM, SEM, BET, LDA, CEA. It was established that microwave radiation with a frequency of 24 GHz allows heating samples of powders to a temperature of 1100-1200 C almost immediately (after 1-2 s) after switching on. The tungsten carbide WC is formed in a few minutes under the exposure to microwave radiation of the original W-C nanocomposite system. There is only a slight increase in the average particle size from 20 to 30 nm. The investigations showed that the synthesis of tungsten carbide WC under the microwave heating as compared to conventional heating in an electric furnace may be carried out for significantly less time while maintaining the particles in the nanometer range.The work was carried out within the framework of the Program #14 "Physical chemistry of adsorption phenomena and actinide nanoparticles" of the Presidium of the Russian Academy of Sciences.References Z. Zak Fang, Xu Wang, et al. Int. Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials, 2009, 27, 288–299.Samokhin A., Alekseev N., et al. Plasma Chem. Plasma Proc., 2013, 33, 605–616.Samokhin A., Alekseev N., et al. J. Nanotechnol. Eng. Med., 2015, 6, 011008.
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Patil, Ajeetkumar, Santhosh Chidangil, Steffi R. Ballary, and Sajan D. George. "Size dependent studies of metal nanoparticles with bio-fluorophores." In Fifth International Conference on Optical and Photonics Engineering, edited by Anand K. Asundi. SPIE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2271289.

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Magudapathy, P., S. K. Srivatsava, P. Gangopadhyay, S. Amirthapandian, T. N. Sairam, and B. K. Panigrahi. "Optical studies of ion-beam synthesized metal alloy nanoparticles." In NANOFORUM 2014. AIP Publishing LLC, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4917761.

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Liu, Y. Q., and D. B. Zhu. "Studies on an unsymmetrically substituted metal-free phthalocyanine." In International Conference on Science and Technology of Synthetic Metals. IEEE, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/stsm.1994.835301.

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Rossi-Fernández, Lucía, Rodrigo Gette, Gabriel Radivoy, and Viviana Dorn. "DFT Studies on the Allylation of Styrene Oxide Catalyzed by Indium Nanoparticles (InNPs)." In International Electronic Conference on Synthetic Organic Chemistry. Basel Switzerland: MDPI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecsoc-26-13545.

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Stepanov, A. L., S. N. Abdullin, R. I. Khaibullin, Yu N. Osin, and I. B. Khaibullin. "Formation Of Silver Thin Films For Nonlinear Optics By Ion Synthesis In Viscous Organic Matrix." In The European Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_europe.1996.ctuk68.

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The nonlinear-optical behavior of metall nanoclusters embedded in dielectric materials have attractive properties for applications in optical devices. This paper describes the fabrication of silver particles in polymer substrate. A metal/polymer class of materials, produced by ion synthesis of metal nanoparticles in the organic matrix, has been studied from the point of view of formation mechanisms of dispersions, microstructure and optical properties Some preliminary investigations of silver/epoxy composites formed by ion implantation were presented early1. Now metal dispersions were produced by high-dose implantation of silver ions in epoxy at the different stages of polymerization process and were thus depend on metal concentration and polymer viscosity ratio The composites were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, image analysis and linear optical absorption at room temperature The average particle size can be controlled by the properties of the organic substrate, concentration of the metal and processing The silver dispersions give rise to optical absorption at the plasmon wavelength in the visible spectra and maximum of absorption is correlated with filling factor and size of particles. It is shown that 5-20 nm spherical silver particles with narrow log-normal size distribution have taken in near-surface region of viscous epoxy. It was observed the considerable increasing of size distribution width of synthesized particles at change of viscosity of substrate from similar liquid to solid state. Structure of granular silver films were be saving a constant at different quantity of dispersed metal in glass polymer.
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Kumara, L. S. R., Osami Sakata, Shinji Kohara, Anli Yang, Chulho Song, Kohei Kusada, Hirokazu Kobayashi, and Hiroshi Kitagawa. "Structural studies of metal nanoparticles using high-energy x-ray diffraction." In PROCEEDINGS OF THE 12TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SYNCHROTRON RADIATION INSTRUMENTATION – SRI2015. Author(s), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4952936.

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Reports on the topic "Metal Nanoparticles - Synthetic Studies"

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Chefetz, Benny, Baoshan Xing, Leor Eshed-Williams, Tamara Polubesova, and Jason Unrine. DOM affected behavior of manufactured nanoparticles in soil-plant system. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2016.7604286.bard.

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The overall goal of this project was to elucidate the role of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in soil retention, bioavailability and plant uptake of silver and cerium oxide NPs. The environmental risks of manufactured nanoparticles (NPs) are attracting increasing attention from both industrial and scientific communities. These NPs have shown to be taken-up, translocated and bio- accumulated in plant edible parts. However, very little is known about the behavior of NPs in soil-plant system as affected by dissolved organic matter (DOM). Thus DOM effect on NPs behavior is critical to assessing the environmental fate and risks related to NP exposure. Carbon-based nanomaterials embedded with metal NPs demonstrate a great potential to serve as catalyst and disinfectors. Hence, synthesis of novel carbon-based nanocomposites and testing them in the environmentally relevant conditions (particularly in the DOM presence) is important for their implementation in water purification. Sorption of DOM on Ag-Ag₂S NPs, CeO₂ NPs and synthesized Ag-Fe₃O₄-carbon nanotubebifunctional composite has been studied. High DOM concentration (50mg/L) decreased the adsorptive and catalytic efficiencies of all synthesized NPs. Recyclable Ag-Fe₃O₄-carbon nanotube composite exhibited excellent catalytic and anti-bacterial action, providing complete reduction of common pollutants and inactivating gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria at environmentally relevant DOM concentrations (5-10 mg/L). Our composite material may be suitable for water purification ranging from natural to the industrial waste effluents. We also examined the role of maize (Zeamays L.)-derived root exudates (a form of DOM) and their components on the aggregation and dissolution of CuONPs in the rhizosphere. Root exudates (RE) significantly inhibited the aggregation of CuONPs regardless of ionic strength and electrolyte type. With RE, the critical coagulation concentration of CuONPs in NaCl shifted from 30 to 125 mM and the value in CaCl₂ shifted from 4 to 20 mM. This inhibition was correlated with molecular weight (MW) of RE fractions. Higher MW fraction (> 10 kDa) reduced the aggregation most. RE also significantly promoted the dissolution of CuONPs and lower MW fraction (< 3 kDa) RE mainly contributed to this process. Also, Cu accumulation in plant root tissues was significantly enhanced by RE. This study provides useful insights into the interactions between RE and CuONPs, which is of significance for the safe use of CuONPs-based antimicrobial products in agricultural production. Wheat root exudates (RE) had high reducing ability to convert Ag+ to nAg under light exposure. Photo-induced reduction of Ag+ to nAg in pristine RE was mainly attributed to the 0-3 kDa fraction. Quantification of the silver species change over time suggested that Cl⁻ played an important role in photoconversion of Ag+ to nAg through the formation and redox cycling of photoreactiveAgCl. Potential electron donors for the photoreduction of Ag+ were identified to be reducing sugars and organic acids of low MW. Meanwhile, the stabilization of the formed particles was controlled by both low (0-3 kDa) and high (>3 kDa) MW molecules. This work provides new information for the formation mechanism of metal nanoparticles mediated by RE, which may further our understanding of the biogeochemical cycling and toxicity of heavy metal ions in agricultural and environmental systems. Copper sulfide nanoparticles (CuSNPs) at 1:1 and 1:4 ratios of Cu and S were synthesized, and their respective antifungal efficacy was evaluated against the pathogenic activity of Gibberellafujikuroi(Bakanae disease) in rice (Oryza sativa). In a 2-d in vitro study, CuS decreased G. fujikuroiColony- Forming Units (CFU) compared to controls. In a greenhouse study, treating with CuSNPs at 50 mg/L at the seed stage significantly decreased disease incidence on rice while the commercial Cu-based pesticide Kocide 3000 had no impact on disease. Foliar-applied CuONPs and CuS (1:1) NPs decreased disease incidence by 30.0 and 32.5%, respectively, which outperformed CuS (1:4) NPs (15%) and Kocide 3000 (12.5%). CuS (1:4) NPs also modulated the shoot salicylic acid (SA) and Jasmonic acid (JA) production to enhance the plant defense mechanisms against G. fujikuroiinfection. These results are useful for improving the delivery efficiency of agrichemicals via nano-enabled strategies while minimizing their environmental impact, and advance our understanding of the defense mechanisms triggered by the NPs presence in plants.
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Hiatt, Colin. Elemental Bismuth Nanoparticles: Mechanistic Studies Concerning Reduction of a Bi(III) Precursor Leading to Nanoparticle Formation in a Bottom-Up, High Payload Synthetic Approach. Portland State University Library, January 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/honors.112.

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Edwards, Lulu, Charles Weiss, J. Newman, Fred Nichols, L. Coffing, and Quint Mason. Corrosion and performance of dust palliatives : laboratory and field studies. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/42125.

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This report details laboratory and field experiments on BioPreferred® dust suppressants to assess performance and corrosion characteristics. Numerous bio-based dust suppressant products are marketed, but little data are available to assess performance for dust abatement and corrosion of common metals. A laboratory study used an air impingement device and the Portable In-Situ Wind ERosion Laboratory (PI-SWERL) to simulate wind speeds similar to those in field conditions for rotary wing aircraft. Laboratory corrosion studies used metal coupons imbedded in soil treated with dust palliative. Field trials were conducted using ground vehicle traffic to minimize cost and lower safety concerns while increasing surface wear from repetitive traffic. These studies clearly show that bio-based products demonstrate low corrosion potential with similar dust abatement performance to synthetic-based agents.
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Jones, Robert M., Alison K. Thurston, Robyn A. Barbato, and Eftihia V. Barnes. Evaluating the Conductive Properties of Melanin-Producing Fungus, Curvularia lunata, after Copper Doping. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/38641.

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Melanins are pigmented biomacromolecules found throughout all domains of life. Of melanins’ many unique properties, their malleable electrically conductive properties and their ability to chelate could allow them to serve as material for bioelectronics. Studies have shown that sheets or pellets of melanin conduct low levels of electricity; however, electrical conductance of melanin within a cellular context has not been thoroughly investigated. In addition, given the chelating properties of melanin, it is possible that introducing traditionally con-ductive metal ions could improve the conductivity. Therefore, this study investigated the conductive properties of melanized cells and how metal ions change these. We measured the con-ductivity of pulverized Curvularia lunata, a melanized filamentous fungi, with and without the addition of copper ions. We then com-pared the conductivity measurements of the fungus to chemically synthesized, commercially bought melanin. Our data showed that the conductivity of the melanized fungal biomass was an order of magnitude higher when grown in the presence of copper. However, it was two orders of magnitude less than that of synthetic melanin. Interestingly, conductance was measurable despite additional constituents in the pellet that may inhibit conductivity. Therefore, these data show promising results for using melanized cells to carry electrical signals.
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