Journal articles: 'Metal Nano-particles'

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Xu, Luping, Zhongqin Guo, Hanyu Jiang, Siyu Xu, Juanli Ma, Mi Hu, Jiemei Yu, Fengqi Zhao, and Taizhong Huang. "Dimethylglyoxime Clathrate as Ligand Derived Nitrogen-Doped Carbon-Supported Nano-Metal Particles as Catalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction." Nanomaterials 11, no. 5 (May 18, 2021): 1329. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11051329.

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Nitrogen-doped carbon-supported metal nano-particles show great promise as high-performance catalysts for novel energies, organic synthesis, environmental protection, and other fields. The synergistic effect between nitrogen-doped carbon and metal nano-particles enhances the catalytic properties. Thus, how to effectively combine nitrogen-doped carbon with metal nano-particles is a crucial factor for the synthesis of novel catalysts. In this paper, we report on a facile method to prepare nitrogen-doped carbon-supported metal nano-particles by using dimethylgly-oxime as ligand. The nano-particles of Pd, Ni, Cu, and Fe were successfully prepared by the pyrolysis of the corresponding clathrate of ions and dimethylglyoxime. The ligand of dimethylglyoxime is adopted as the source for the nitrogen-doped carbon. The nano-structure of the prepared Pd, Ni, Cu, and Fe particles are confirmed by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and trans-mission electron microscopy tests. The catalytic performances of the obtained metal nano-particles for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) are investigated by cyclic voltammetry, Tafel, linear sweeping voltammetry, rotating disc electrode, rotating ring disc electrode, and other technologies. Results show that the nitrogen-doped carbon-supported metal nano-particles can be highly efficient catalysts for ORR. The results of the paper exhibit a facile methodology to prepare nitrogen-doped carbon-supported metal nano-particles.

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Li, Nan, Mingchang Wang, and Zhiguo Wu. "Mass-Produced Cu Nanoparticles as Lubricant Additives to Enhance the Tribological Properties of DLC Coatings." Metals 12, no. 8 (August 13, 2022): 1350. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met12081350.

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In this paper, Nano copper (Cu) particles with a core-shell structure and good spherical shape were prepared by an innovative method called mass-produced nanoparticles (MPNP). The prepared Cu nanoparticles have good dispersibility and are agglomeration-free in Pao oil. In particular, the effects of nano-Cu particles with different mass fractions on the tribological properties of the steel against diamond-like carbon (DLC) coating were studied systematically. The results showed that the nano-Cu particles with the mass fraction of 0.1 wt.% and the steel/DLC friction pairs had good synergistic lubrication. The friction mechanism of the metal nano-particles and carbon-based coatings mainly depends on the physical effects such as nano-bearing and nano-filling of the nano-particles, which has little correlation with the shear film formation of the metal nano-particles. Therein, the surface polish behaviors of the metal nano-particles and carbon-based coatings are the key to bringing the nano-bearing mechanism of nano-particles into full play. Therefore, the Cu nanoparticles prepared by MPNP show excellent tribological performance and possess broad prospects in the fields of lubricant additives.

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Hayashi, Yamato, Hirotsugu Takizawa, Yoshitaka Saijo, Tohru Sekino, Katsuaki Suganuma, and Koichi Niihara. "Fabrication and Applications of Nano-Metal Particle Composites by Ultrasonic Eco-Process." Key Engineering Materials 317-318 (August 2006): 231–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.317-318.231.

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Nano-sized metal particles have recently attracted considerable interest owing to their application potential. Such particles can be synthesized using physical and chemical methods. In this study, nano-sized noble metals were synthesized through the reaction of metal oxides by ultrasonic. This means that the chemical reactions which take place under conventional conditions can be accelerated by ultrasonic cavitations. In general, the chemical effects of ultrasonic irradiation fall into three areas: homogeneous sonochemical efffects of liquids, heterogeneous sonochemical effects of liquid-liquid or liquid-solid systems, and sonocatalytic effects. It has been proposed that liquid-liquid systems are used for the fabrication of nano-metal particles in the past. In this study, the fabrication of nano-metal particles and supported composites was investigated for the liquid-solid system from a viewpoint of economy and ecology. By choosing suitable conditions, it is reasonable to expect that these simple ultrasonic processes can be extended to obtain nano-sized metal particles. Thus applications by using these reactions were investigated to prepare the nano-sized metal particle supported materials, and mechanisms were investigated.

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Kračun, Ana, Fevzi Kafexhiu, Franc Tehovnik, and Bojan Podgornik. "Effective Casting Technique of Nano-Particles Alloyed Austenitic Stainless Steel." Metals 10, no. 10 (September 25, 2020): 1287. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met10101287.

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In recent decades, considerable efforts have been made in the production of steel and the modification of its microstructure on the nano-scale in order to improve its mechanical properties. One possibility is through nano-particles incorporation and reinforcement. While typical production methods for Metal Matrix nano-Composites (MMnCs) are difficult and expensive, the main drawback of the casting method is the agglomeration of the nano-particles and a poor interface between the nano-particles and the metal matrix. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the potential of adding nano-particles as reinforcement elements through the conventional liquid-metal casting process. The investigation was focused on the various approaches to the modification and addition of nano-particles in the melt, as well as the influence of particle concentration and size on their homogeneity and distribution within the steel matrix. The results show that also in the case of the conventional casting process, it is possible to produce a reinforced steel-matrix nano-composite with a homogeneous distribution of the Al2O3 nano-particles in the matrix. However, in order to obtain a homogeneous distribution of nano-particles in the steel matrix, a dispersion agent is required.

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Hansen, Dane, Jon Kellar, and William Cross. "Nanotechnology and Silver-Metal Clay for Artisans." Leonardo 44, no. 2 (April 2011): 166–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/leon_a_00124.

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Nano-scale silver particles are utilized in the production of a metal clay, which upon firing is reduced to a solid metal article. The metal clay, because of the nano-scale particles, can be fired in a conventional home oven.

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Rahman, Abdul, Amri Ismail, Desi Jumbianti, Stella Magdalena, and Hanggara Sudrajat. "SYNTHESIS OF COPPER OXIDE NANO PARTICLES BY USING Phormidium cyanobacterium." Indonesian Journal of Chemistry 9, no. 3 (June 24, 2010): 355–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijc.21498.

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In this paper, we report a suitable method for extracellular synthesis of copper oxide nano particles by using Phormidium cyanobacterium. We hypothesize that synthesis of copper oxide nano particles is believed to occur by extracellular hydrolysis of the cationic copper by certain metal chelating anionic proteins/reductase secreted by bacteria under simple experimental conditions like aerobic environment, neutral pH and room temperature. Proteins not only reduce Cu (II) into copper oxide nano particles (CONPs) but also plays significant role in stabilization of formed nanoparticles at room temperature. Further TEM, SEM, XRD and FTIR analysis have confirmed the synthesis of nano particles through microbial route. Extracellular induction of metal chelating proteins/reductase was analyzed by SDS-PAGE. Keywords: Synthesis, copper oxide nano particles, Phormidium cyanobacterium

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Liu, J., M. Pan, and G. E. Spinnler. "Coherent electron nanodiffraction from clean silver nano particles in a UHV STEM." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 51 (August 1, 1993): 1058–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s042482010015112x.

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Small metal particles have peculiar chemical and physical properties as compared to bulk materials. They are especially important in catalysis since metal particles are common constituents of supported catalysts. The structural characterization of small particles is of primary importance for the understanding of structure-catalytic activity relationships. The shape and size of metal particles larger than approximately 5 nm in diameter can be determined by several imaging techniques. It is difficult, however, to deduce the shape of smaller metal particles. Coherent electron nanodiffraction (CEND) patterns from nano particles contain information about the particle size, shape, structure and defects etc. As part of an on-going program of STEM characterization of supported catalysts we report some preliminary results of CEND study of Ag nano particles, deposited in situ in a UHV STEM instrument, and compare the experimental results with full dynamical simulations in order to extract information about the shape of Ag nano particles.

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Hayashi, Yamato, Hirotsugu Takizawa, Yoshitaka Saijo, Tohru Sekino, Katsuaki Suganuma, and Koichi Niihara. "Various Applications of Silver Nano-Particles by Ultrasonic Eco-Fabrication." Materials Science Forum 486-487 (June 2005): 530–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.486-487.530.

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Applications of silver nano-sized metal particles were investigated for a new, ecologically friendly and economical liquid-solid (silver oxide-alcohol) system. Silver metal oxides as starting materials have merits in metal particles fabrication because these materials are decomposed only by heating in air. That is, noble metal oxide does not use thestrong reduction atmosphere. This reduction is ecologically clean because many noble metal oxides are not toxic, and because O2 is evolved during decomposition. We reduced silver metal oxides by ultrasound and fabricated silver nano metal nanoparticles at room temperature, and various applications were investigated. By choosing a suitable process and conditions, it is reasonable to expect that ultrasonic eco-fabrications can be extended to obtain various silver nano-particles containing materials.

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Okuda, M., I. Yamashita, and H. Yoshimura. "Fabrication of nano-metal particles by ferrtin." Seibutsu Butsuri 39, supplement (1999): S175. http://dx.doi.org/10.2142/biophys.39.s175_2.

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Kowlgi, Krishna N. K., Ger J. M. Koper, Stephen J. Picken, Ugo Lafont, Lian Zhang, and Ben Norder. "Synthesis of Magnetic Noble Metal (Nano)Particles." Langmuir 27, no. 12 (June 21, 2011): 7783–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la105051v.

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Kowlgi, Krishna, Lian Zhang, Stephen Picken, and Ger Koper. "Anomalous magnetism in noble metal (nano)particles." Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 413 (November 2012): 248–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2012.01.023.

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Kračun, Ana, Franc Tehnovnik, Fevzi Kafexhiu, Tadeja Kosec, Darja Jenko, and Bojan Podgornik. "Stainless steel matrix composites reinforced with ceramic particles through ingot casting process." MATEC Web of Conferences 188 (2018): 01023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201818801023.

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The aim of the study was to assess the influence of adding Al2O3 nano-particles of 0.5 wt. % with the mean particle size of 500 nm on the mechanical properties and wear behaviour of the austenitic stainless steel matrix reinforced with nano-particles produced by conventional ingot casting. The focus was on the methods and possibilities of homogeneous and uniform distribution of the particles within the steel matrix using conventional casting routes. The main drawback of the casting method used is the agglomeration of the particles and poor interface between the particles and the metal matrix. The results show that through a proper insertion method, nano-particles can be successfully introduced into the metal matrix. The Al2O3 nano-particles were successfully incorporated into the steel matrix with no signs of clustering and intermetallic reactions taking place between the nano-particles and the steel matrix. This led to improved mechanical properties as well as the wear behaviour of the stainless steel, achieved by using conventional casting routes.

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Vigdorowitsch, Michael. "Nano-Metal Stability and its Outcomes." Journal of Applied Solution Chemistry and Modeling 11 (February 21, 2022): 16–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1929-5030.2022.11.04.

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A thermodynamics-based approach to determining stability conditions for metallic nano-ensembles is proposed. It is related to that [ultra-]dispersing the substance leads to changes in thermodynamic potentials (TPs) compared to those of a massive crystal of the same nature. This dimensional phenomenon consists of two components. Among those are a reduction of TPs due to vacancy-related effects and an increase of TPs due to the surface tension effect. Even linear, exponential, and normal distributions of particles on their size in the ensemble have been considered. The resulting equations have been applied to the nano-ensembles of either In or Au particles. The presence of ultra-small particles in an ensemble makes the vacancy-related effect more apparent than the surface tension effect, promoting system stability. With the decrease in the number of ultra-small particles, the vacancy-related effect drastically diminishes and can yield to the surface tension effect, thereby leading to the loss of stability.

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Pham, Xuan-Hung, Seung-min Park, and Bong-Hyun Jun. "Metal Nano/Microparticles for Bioapplications." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 9 (April 27, 2021): 4543. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22094543.

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Suyama, Yoko, Tetsuya Yamada, Yosuke Hirano, Kazuo Takamura, and Kenjiro Takahashi. "New Synthesis Process of Li, Na and K Niobates from Metal Alkoxides." Advances in Science and Technology 63 (October 2010): 7–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.63.7.

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New synthesis process to prepare nano-particles of lithium niobate, sodium niobate and potassium niobate by thermal decomposition of the constituent double metal alkoxides was developed. Single crystals of such double-metal alkoxides as Na-Nb, Li-Nb and K-Nb ethoxides were newly synthesized from a mixed solution of the constituent metal ethoxides. The doublemetal alkoxides of the Li-Nb, Na-Nb and K-Nb systems decomposed at low temperatures below 673 K to form nano-particles of LiNbO3, NaNbO3 and LiNbO3. The lattice constants and crystallite size of the obtained LiNbO3, NaNbO3 and LiNbO3 particles were elucidated. It was shown that this new synthesis process was useful for preparation of niobate nano-particles at low temperatures.

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Hwang, Ji Hyun, Justin M. Ucol, Keun Woo Lee, Ada Ortega, and Nam Soo Kim. "Shape Modification of Net Shaped CuO and Cu Nano Particles for a Percolation Threshold Using a Chelating Agent." Advanced Materials Research 399-401 (November 2011): 766–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.399-401.766.

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Synthesized spherical nano metal particles produced in aqueous solution have applications in printing technologies. However, an alternate method for achieving a percolation threshold is to mix the spherical shape of the particles and become net-shaped copper oxide with a minimum weight percent of particles. In this study, before reducing to copper metal, copper oxide was synthesized first without the chelating agent for achieving a net shape and copper metal nano particles were synthesized with the chelating agent, bypassing the process of creating copper oxide. Potassium sodium tartrate was the chelating agent used to control the shape of copper metal nano particles in an alkaline solution. Various concentrations of potassium sodium tartrate changed the shape of these particles from web-like at low concentrations to needlelike and more spherical at higher concentrations. Potassium sodium tartrate restrained the coordination bonds around the metal particles, controlling the shape to be more spherical. Altering the pH in absence of potassium sodium tartrate changed the conditions for the formation of particles according to the Eh-pH diagram for copper, forming net-shaped copper oxide particles when the pH was 12-13 and a cubic shape when the pH was 5-6. The composition of the nano particles in both cases was confirmed using examination by XRD. These shapes have the potential to possess favorable electrical and thermal properties as predicted by bond percolation and the percolation theory.

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Cao, Zhi Jun, Jia Chen Liu, Li Bin Liu, Hao Ye, and Yan Qiu Wei. "A Novel Approach for Metal Surface Modification." Key Engineering Materials 280-283 (February 2007): 1805–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.280-283.1805.

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A new approach was developed for surface modification of metallic surface. By treating nano-zirconia particles and metal surface in different charge state, nano-zirconia particles can be dispersedly inlaid in metal surface owing to electrostatic and nanometer effects. By using this method, metal components of complex shapes, especially those having inside surfaces, might be easily improved, i.e., enhanced surface hardness and wear rate.

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Wang, Meng, and Shi Bao Chen. "Removal of Cd, Pb and Cu from Water Using Thiol and Humic Acid Functionalized Fe₂O₃ Nanoparticles." Advanced Materials Research 518-523 (May 2012): 1956–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.518-523.1956.

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Humic acid (HA) and 3-Mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane (MPTES) were successfully coated onto the surface of Fe2O3 (α and γ) nano-particles as characterized using IR and BET-N2 analysis, the potential use of the naked and functionalized nano-Fe2O3 particles as novel nano-sorbents for removal of Cd, Pb and Cu ions in solution was investigated in this study. The result indicated that the sorption of Cd, Pb and Cu ions by the nano-particles can be fitted well using langmuir isotherm; all the adsorbents exhibited definitely adsorption ability to Cd, Pb and Cu ions in solution. The sorption maximum and sorption affinity on the nano-particles for Pb (aq) were always higher than Cu (aq) and Cd (aq), the sorption maxima for the Pb, Cd and Cu followed the order Pb>Cu>Cd. Among the nano-sorbents, the Fe2O3 (α and γ) nano-particles coated with HA exhibited higher sorption ability to metal ions than the naked and thiolated Fe2O3 nano-particles, the sorption maxima of α-Fe2O3/HA for Pb(aq) reached 151.5 mg/g, which was significantly higher than the values of 116.3 and 84.0 mg/g observed for the α-Fe2O3 and α- Fe2O3/MPTES particles. However, no increased sorption maxima was observed for the thiolated Fe2O3 nano-particles (Fe2O3/MPTES) for the metal ions compared with the naked Fe2O3 nano-particles in this study. The greater capability of Fe2O3/HA to adsorb Cd(aq), Pb(aq), Cu(aq) indicates its potential use as another promising way to remediate metals-contaminated water.

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Li, Jin, Haoru Wang, Zhi Li, Zhengcheng Su, and Yue Zhu. "Preparation and Application of Metal Nanoparticals Elaborated Fiber Sensors." Sensors 20, no. 18 (September 10, 2020): 5155. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20185155.

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In recent years, surface plasmon resonance devices (SPR, or named plamonics) have attracted much more attention because of their great prospects in breaking through the optical diffraction limit and developing new photons and sensing devices. At the same time, the combination of SPR and optical fiber promotes the development of the compact micro-probes with high-performance and the integration of fiber and planar waveguide. Different from the long-range SPR of planar metal nano-films, the local-SPR (LSPR) effect can be excited by incident light on the surface of nano-scaled metal particles, resulting in local enhanced light field, i.e., optical hot spot. Metal nano-particles-modified optical fiber LSPR sensor has high sensitivity and compact structure, which can realize the real-time monitoring of physical parameters, environmental parameters (temperature, humidity), and biochemical molecules (pH value, gas-liquid concentration, protein molecules, viruses). In this paper, both fabrication and application of the metal nano-particles modified optical fiber LSPR sensor probe are reviewed, and its future development is predicted.

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Ermak, Oleg, Michael Zenou, Gil Bernstein Toker, Jonathan Ankri, Yosi Shacham-Diamand, and Zvi Kotler. "Rapid laser sintering of metal nano-particles inks." Nanotechnology 27, no. 38 (August 11, 2016): 385201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0957-4484/27/38/385201.

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Kim, Y. E. "Nuclear Reactions in Micro/Nano-Scale Metal Particles." Few-Body Systems 54, no. 1-4 (March 17, 2012): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00601-012-0374-6.

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Chen, Ding, Song Ni, Geng Li Chen, and Zhen Hua Chen. "Preparation of Nano-Particles of Metal Oxides via a Novel Solid-Liquid Mechanochemical Reaction Technology." Advanced Materials Research 26-28 (October 2007): 671–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.26-28.671.

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Nano-particles of metal oxides Mn3O4, Cu2O, Fe3O4, the mixture of Zn(OH)2 and ZnO have been successfully prepared via a novel solid-liquid mechanochemical reaction technology. The metal powders are ground in water solutions using planetary ball mill. The solid-liquid reactions can occur on the surface of the powders and the reacted layer can be continuously peeled off during milling. The mean sizes of the as-prepared particles are approximately 20~100nm.The formation of nano-particles is attributed to the reactions between particles and solution as well as the repeated and quick peeling of the formed oxides on the surface of metal particles. Furthermore, the reaction rate and phase types of the products can be controlled by adjusting the pH value of the solution.

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Ivanchev, Lilian, Sigqibo Templeton Camagu, and Gonasagren Govender. "Semi-Solid High Pressure Die Casting of Metal Matrix Composites Produced by Liquid State Processing." Solid State Phenomena 192-193 (October 2012): 61–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.192-193.61.

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There are two main technologies for manufacturing of particulate reinforced metal matrix composites (MMC), solid state and liquid state processing. The great challenge of producing cast metal matrix composites is to prevent agglomeration of particulates. This tendency is more pronounced with decreasing the particulate size to fine micro- and nano size. A method for producing MMC was successfully implemented for mixing hybrid, nano and low micron sized, reinforcing particles in an aluminium alloy matrix. The hybrid SiC particles were produced by milling 3µm to 5µm SiC particles to a particle size range between 2.5µm and 150 nm. The hybrid particles were mixed with A356 aluminium alloy under combined magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) and mechanical stirring. The composite was then transferred to a High Pressure Die Casting (HPDC) machine in the semi-solid state. The micron size particles were found to be predominantly in the intergranular eutectic while the nano-particles were predominantly in the primary α-Al grains. Increased ultimate tensile strength, yield strength and hardness were achieved for the new cast metal matrix hybrid component (MMHC) alloy.

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Begum, S. N., and R. Kumuthini. "Characterization of zinc oxide nano particles synthesized via chemical and green method." Journal of Ovonic Research 19, no. 5 (September 20, 2023): 505–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.15251/jor.2023.195.505.

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In recent years, the development of efficient green chemistry methods for synthesis of metal oxide nanoparticles has become a major focus of researchers. They have investigated in order to find an eco friendly technique for production of metal oxide nanoparticles. In this work our aim to synthesize of zinc oxide nano particles via chemical and green method. The zinc oxide nano particles were synthesized by mixing zinc sulphate (ZnSO4) solanum procumbens extract and KOH. The synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles were characterized by XRD, FT-IR and UV-vis spectroscopy and Photoluminescence studies. Further, the synthesized zinc oxide nano particles were tested for antibacterial activity by stand art disc diffusion method.

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Kang, Min Seok, Jung Ho Lee, Anders Hallén, Carl Mikael Zetterling, Wook Bahng, Nam Kyun Kim, and Sang Mo Koo. "Metal Work-function and Doping-Concentration Dependent Barrier Height of Ni-Contacts to 4H-SiC with Metal-Embedded Nano-Particles." Materials Science Forum 717-720 (May 2012): 857–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.717-720.857.

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We investigated the effect of the metal work-function and doping concentration on the barrier height of Ni-contacts with embedded nano-particles (NPs) on 4H-SiC surfaces. Both n-type epitaxial layers with ND=1×1016 cm-3, and layers doped by phosphorous implantation to a doping concentration of ~1×1019 cm-3 are used. The barrier height is reduced with increasing doping concentration and the silver (Ag) nano-particles (R~18.5 nm) further enhances the local electric field of the electrical contacts to 4H-SiC in comparison to gold (Au) nano-particles (R~20.2 nm). In the case of ion-implanted samples, the barrier height of the fabricated SiC diode structures with embedded Ag-NPs was significantly reduced by ~0.09 eV and ~0.25 eV compared to the samples with Au-NPs and the sample without NPs, respectively.

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Nabil, Tamer, M. Elfarran, and Ahmed M. Farag. "Investigation the Cooling Performance of Vehicle Engines Using Radiator with Nano-Fluid as a Coolant." Journal of Nanofluids 9, no. 3 (September 1, 2020): 187–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jon.2020.1742.

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In the cooling system of the automobile engine, the water which is used as a coolant is evaporated due to high engine temperature, so it needs to add some additives to the coolant water but they dont give high performance compared to adding some of Nano-particles. This work investigated the heat transfer characteristics with Nano-fluid used in a radiator as vehicle engines coolant. The Nano-particles are introduced to a conventional coolantin certain concentrations resulted in, enhancing the ability to transfer heat, lowering the energy cost and theenvironmental impact. The performance enhancement caused reduction of the radiator and the vehicle frontal areathat lowered the coefficient of drag consequently reduced the fuel consumption. Two types of Nano-particles; metal(Cu) and metal oxide (CuO) are used with different concentrations (1%, 2% and 4%) in conventional coolant asa base fluid. Cooling of vehicle engine using radiator operated with different working fluids as water, coolant and modified coolant with Nano-particles are investigated. The conventional coolant with Nano Cu 2% had lowest exit temperature from the radiator and highest amount of heat rejection, so it can be used as industrial Nano-coolant.

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Shaik, Shakira, Lwamkelekile Mkize, Mthokozisi Khumalo, and Nisha Singh. "GREEN SYNTHESIS OF NANO-SILVER PARTICLES FROM LEAF AND STEM EXTRACTS OF IBOZA (TETRADENIA RIPARIA)." African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines 12, no. 6 (September 21, 2015): 33–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.21010/ajtcam.v12i6.5.

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Background: Secondary metabolites derived from plant extracts can be used in the reduction of metal salts into their respective nanoparticles using simple, environmentally friendly and cost effective green synthesis techniques. Metal nanoparticles have important applications in medicine and agriculture. The leaves of Tetradenia riparia (Iboza), an important medicinal species in South Africa, are reported to contain various terpenoids and pyrones which can be used in the reduction of silver nitrate (AgNO3) to nano-silver particles. Materials and Methods: Fresh leaves and stems of Iboza were oven-dried, crushed, extracted in water and methanol and filtered followed by incubation with AgNO3. Synthesized nano-silver particles were characterised using ultraviolet visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Results: The bio-reduction of metal ion to base metal was rapidly conducted in a single step and at room temperature and pressure. UV-Vis spectra showed the characteristic surface plasmon resonance band of the synthesized nano-silver particles at 410 nm for all extracts. SEM analysis revealed predominantly aggregated spherically-shaped nano-silver particles with a size range of 20-50 nm and an average diameter of 26 nm. The presence of elemental silver in the nanoparticles was confirmed by EDX at 3 keV. As revealed by FTIR analysis, the reducing agents included terpenoids and pyrones which were responsible for reducing and capping the nano-silver particles. Conclusion: Both methanol and aqueous-derived extracts of Iboza leaves and stems can be used to synthesize nano-silver particles. FTIR evidence suggests that the reduction of the silver ions and the synthesis of the nanoparticles may have been actioned by various terpenoid and pyrone compounds found in the plant parts.

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Liu, Xuan, Li Jie Zhao, and Ping Feng. "Fabrication of Large-Area Silicon Nanowire Arrays Based on Electroless Metal Deposition." Advanced Materials Research 194-196 (February 2011): 598–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.194-196.598.

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Electroless metal deposition is a simple, low-cost and effective method for fabricating silicon nanowire arrays and has been used widely in micro electromechanical industry. In this paper, large-area silicon nanowire arrays are prepared successfully with mixed AgNO3and HF solution by this method at normal temperature and pressure. It has been proved the best equality of silicon nanowires can be obtained at the concentration ratio of 0.02 mol/l: 5mol/l for AgNO3and HF and 1h reaction time. The influence of nano metal particles on the growth, the wire diameter, the distribution and the array of silicon nanowires are analyzed. Experimental results show the distribution and wire diameter of silicon nanowires can be controlled effectively by nano metal particles deposited on silicon wafers. The length of silicon nanowires increases with the reaction time and the average growth velocity is predicted to be 0.5～0.7μm/min. The equality of silicon nanowires with nano Au particles is better than those with nano Pt particles. The reaction mechanism of preparing large-area silicon nanowire arrays is analyzed as the result of the deoxidization of silver ion and the removal of the oxidized silicon solution by reacting with HF.

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Yakymovych, A., G. Kaptay, H. Flandorfer, J. Bernardi, S. Schwarz, and H. Ipser. "The nano heat effect of replacing macro-particles by nano-particles in drop calorimetry: the case of core/shell metal/oxide nano-particles." RSC Advances 8, no. 16 (2018): 8856–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ra13643a.

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Ayireddy, Priyanka. "‘GREEN METAL NANO TECHNOLOGY IN DENTISTRY’-A NARRATIVE REVIEW." INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 08, no. 04 (April 15, 2024): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem30788.

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Over time, there has been a lot of interest in the synthesis of green AgNPs utilising plant extracts due to the remarkable antibacterial capabilities of these nanoparticles. These particles' nanosized makes it easier for them to pass through cell membranes, interacts with internal organelles, and eventually damages cells when they proliferate. With the exceptional benefits, including practicality, simplicity of usage, and the utilisation of specialised processes like bacteria, plants are currently the preferred method for synthesising metal nanoparticles. Based on the idea of converting silver ions (Ag+) to silver nanoparticles (Ag0), green synthesis techniques for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles are provided. The literature reveals that the modified metal nano particles modifying with green methods are already practicing by dental clinicians, whereas still less percentage of practitioners are using this green nano technology. Hence this narrative review includes different metal nano particles using in dentistry and different green methods using to modify the environmentally friendly dental practices.

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Koh, Seok Keun, Charles Lee, Jung Hwan Lee, Byung Kwuan Kang, Hiroyuki Kaji, Motohiko Hayash, and Wan Ho Cho. "Metal Nano Particles Formation on Rotating Powder (NPP) Substrate in Physical Vapor Deposition." Advanced Materials Research 1119 (July 2015): 3–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1119.3.

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Nano-sized (2~10 nm) metal particles were formed and accumulated on a rotating powders substrate by conventional physical vapor deposition (PVD) process. Sucrose was selected as a supporter for the nano-particles on powder (NPP) process. Nuclei, which were formed on the substrate from vaporized or sputtered metal atoms at an initial thin film growth, did not grow up to coalescence stage and did not agglomerate each other when the powder in the vessel was continuously circulated during the deposition. Size of the nanoparticles is controlled by the physical parameters such as metal evaporation rate, rotation speed of the powder, selection of the powder in the PVD. Formation mechanism of nano-particles on the carrier powder have been explained in terms of thermodynamics with TEM, SEM, EDX, UV spectroscopy, etc. comparing with conventional thin film growth in PVD.

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Gholidoust, Abedeh, Abbas Naderifar, Mohammad Rahmani, and Saeed Sahebdelfar. "Platinum nano particles dispersed in alumina." International Journal of Modern Physics: Conference Series 05 (January 2012): 168–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010194512001985.

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We report the propane dehydrogenation behavior of catalysts prepared using wet impregnation method that immobilize Pt nano cluster on the alumina surface. The immobilization of the metal particles and their nano size dimensions were demonstrated by transmission electron microscopy. Selectivity to propylene for these catalysts is comparable to those obtained over industrial Pt catalysts, yet the resistance to deactivation by carbon poisoning is much greater for our catalysts. The deactivation behavior is more typical of traditionally prepared PtSn catalysts on γ-alumina than of catalysts supported onθ-alumina.

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Huang, Su, Fu Yun Li, Yang Li, and Li Zhen Yang. "The Effect of Double-Element Doping on the Photocatalytic Property of Nano-TiO₂." Advanced Materials Research 669 (March 2013): 371–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.669.371.

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Sol-gel method was applied to synthesize nano-TiO2 particles doped with metal and non-metallic elements. Nano-TiO2 particles were doped at different calcinations’ temperatures with S and Fe, Ce and La, respectively. A comparison was performed on the effect of different metallic elements on nano-TiO2 particles doped with the same non-metallic element S. X-ray diffraction results indicated that the diameter of doped nano-TiO2 particle was smaller than that of non-doped nano-TiO2 particles. The minimum diameter of nano-TiO2 doped with Ce and S was about 8nm, while that of nano-TiO2 doped with La and S was about 9nm. The minimum diameter of nano-TiO2 particles doped with Fe and S was about 10nm. In addition, with the increase of calcinations’ temperature, the size of nano-TiO2 particle increased. All nano-TiO2 particles doped with double elements were antae. Methyl orange was used to simulate the pollutant to analyze the photocatalytic property of doped nano-TiO2. The results indicated that the doped element had some effect on the photocatalytic property of nano-TiO2, and varied for different doped metallic elements. Among them, the degradation rate of methyl orange by nano-TiO2 doped with La and S under the calcinations’ temperature of 550 °C reached 28.97%.

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Zuo, Kou Cheng, Bamber Blackman, J. Gordon Williams, and Helmut Steininger. "The Fracture and Fatigue Behaviour of Nano-Modified SAN." Advanced Materials Research 118-120 (June 2010): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.118-120.43.

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An amorphous styrene-acrylonitrile (SAN) copolymer has been modified by various concentrations of metal oxide (MeO) nano-particles up to 0.50 vol.%. Atomic force microscopy of the modified thermoplastics showed that the nano-particles were well dispersed in the matrix. The incorporation of the nano-particles had a marginal effect on the glass transition temperature and yield stress. However, the Young’s modulus increased with the volume fraction of the nano-particles. The fracture and fatigue properties also had a marked increase with the addition of the nano-particles. The fracture energy was increased from 316±10 J/m2 to 445±27 J/m2, and the maximum fracture energy threshold was increased from 17±1 J/m2 to 34±2 J/m2 at 23 °C. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies showed that debonding of nano-partilces, subesequent plastic void growth and large scale fibril deformation initiated by mulitiple crazing were observed in the process zone of the nano-modified composites.

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Lakshmi, Tulasi S., Swamy AVVS, Peddi Pavani, and Rani N. Usha. "Green adeptness in the synthesis and stabilization of copper nanoparticles using aqueous root extract of Schrebera swietenioides Roxb, and its catalytic application." Journal of medical pharmaceutical and allied sciences 11, no. 1 (January 30, 2022): 4233–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.55522/jmpas.v11i1.2416.

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The discovery of various advanced materials that are applicable in remediation of environment pollutants was rapidly advancing because of their applications in wide range. Green synthesized Nano particles (NPs) were currently gaining attention in photodegradation of dyes and metals due to its ecofriendly, cost effective and simple production. Hence this study intended to synthesize and characterize the nano sized copper particles using aqueous root extract of Schrebera swietenioides Roxb., as green reducing agent. The synthesized NPs were characterized and proved that the NPs were aggregates with spherical shape to undefined shapes with an average particle size of 32±4 nm and contain 82.5 % of copper metal in the particles. Further, the synthesized NPs were applied for the removal of Sudan red (III) dye, Azure A dye and Lead metal. The findings proved that the NPs had potential degradation efficacy on the degradation of Sudan dye, Azure A dye and Lead metal. The NPs were durable and could be reusable with high degradation efficacy after three cycles of study for both dyes and metal in the study. Therefore, the green synthesized Cu NPs are potential candidates for photocatalytic applications. Keywords: Copper nano particles, Photo catalytic activity, Azure A dye, Lead metal degradation.

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Hashim, Dr Fadhil Abbas, Dr Niveen Jamal Abdulkader, and Kateralnada Faris Hisham. "FABRICATION AND WEAR PROPERTIES OF ZA-27 ALLOY MATRIX HYBRID COMPOSITE REINFORCED WITH NANOPARTICLES." Al-Qadisiyah Journal for Engineering Sciences 11, no. 4 (February 1, 2019): 446–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.30772/qjes.v11i4.572.

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In this research stir casting technique is used to produce (ZA-27)alloy hybrid composites reinforced by nano particles (BN and Si3N4) with various weight percentage.The wear test were used pin on disk for both (ZA-27) alloy and all composites.The results indicate that the value of hardness increased with increasing the additives of nano (BN and Si3N4) percentage for ZA-27 hybrid metal matrix composites. It was found that the nano particles play an important role in improving the wear properties of alloys. Since nano particles impede dislocations movement, causing enhancement in the mechanical properties.

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Ünal, Tennur Gülşen, and Ege Anıl Diler. "Properties of AlSi9Cu3 metal matrix micro and nano composites produced via stir casting." Open Chemistry 16, no. 1 (August 13, 2018): 726–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/chem-2018-0079.

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AbstractThe effects of micro and nano sized reinforcement particles on microstructure and mechanical properties of aluminium alloy-based metal matrix composites were investigated in this study. AlSi9Cu3 alloy was reinforced with micro and nano sized ceramic reinforcement particles at different weight fractions by using a stir casting method. The mechanical tests (hardness, three point bending) were performed to determine the mechanical properties of AlSi9Cu3 alloy-based microcomposites (AMMCs) and nanocomposites (AMMNCs). The experimental results have shown that the size and weight fraction of reinforcement particles have a strong influence on the microstructure and the mechanical properties of AlSi9Cu3 alloy-based microcomposites and nanocomposites. The relative densities of all AMMC and AMMNC samples are lower than unreinforced AlSi9Cu3 alloy due to porosity formation with the increase of weight fraction of reinforcement particles. As weight fraction increases, hardness values of AMMCs and AMMNCs increase. Maximum flexural strength can be obtained at 3.5wt.% for the AMMC sample with microsized Al2O3 particles and at 2wt.% for the AMMNC sample with nano-sized Al2O3 particles. After the weight fractions exceed these values, flexural strengths of both AMMCs and AMMNCs decrease due to clustering of Al2O3 particles.

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Fedorenko, L. "Self-Organization Processes of Nanostructure Formation by Laser Radiation in Metal." Advanced Materials Research 222 (April 2011): 18–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.222.18.

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The current state of knowledge about mechanisms of metal nano-particles (NP) formation processes induced by the interaction of high-energy laser beam with surface of the metallic lattices (Au, Ag, Cu) is presented. The review includes an evaluation of the contribution of self-organized effects into the processes of the metal nano-structurization depending on the laser mode, external factors and internal parameters of an active zone. It was noticed that intensive pulsed laser illumination enabled to stimulate nano-fragmentation at the fluencies near and above the melting threshold of the metal in different mediums The laser induced processes of metallic particles formation by ablation of the metal target with consequent NP sizes stabilization by precise temperature tuning in the active zone, local plasmon resonance in liquids, and microablation mechanism in metal films in the conditions of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) due to self-organization effects are considered. Comparative analysis of the laser nano-technologies in air, vacuum, rarefied gas and liquid environments showed the advantages of self-organization in NP generation processes based on the SPR effects and their perspectives.

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Padhi, Payodhar, Biranchi Narayan Dash, Pragyan Mohanty, B. K. Satapathy, and Sachikanta Kar. "Synthesis of Bulk Metal Matrix Nanocomposites by Full Cavitation Solidification Method." Key Engineering Materials 545 (March 2013): 193–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.545.193.

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There are several methods for the production of metal matrix nano composites including mechanical alloying, vertex process and spray deposition. However, the above processes are expensive. Solidification processing is a relatively cheaper route. However, during solidification processing nano particulates tend to agglomerate as a result of van der Waals forces and thus proper dispersion of the nano-particulate in metal matrix is a challenge. Many researchers dispersed nanoparticles in metal matrix by ultrasonic casting. However their technique has several drawbacks such as the oscillating probe, which is in direct contact with liquid metal, may dissolve in the liquid metal and contaminate it. Moreover, the extent of dispersion is not uniform. It is maximum near the probe and gradually decreases as one move away from the probe. Lastly in the method developed by them, the oscillating probe is removed from the liquid metal before cooling and solidification begin. It may lead to partial reagglomeration of nanoparticles. To overcome these difficulties a non-contact method, where the ultrasonic probe is not in direct contact with the liquid metal, was attempted to disperse Nano-sized Al2O3 particulates in aluminium matrix. In this method the mold was subjected to ultrasonic vibration. The crystallite size of Al2O3 was mostly below 10 nm. Nano composite having 1-1.5 wt. % of Al2O3 was cast. From HRTEM studies it is observed that the Al2O3 particles are distributed uniformly except the grain boundaries. In micro scale the hardness is uniform throughout the samples. This is due to cavitation process as well as pushing of the nano-particles during the growth of the grains. In the present study it accounts all first-order effects i.e., phase change, bubble dynamics, turbulent pressure fluctuations, and noncondensable gases for deaglomeration and distribution of particles throughout the domain to get uniform distributions.

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E Al-Saedy, Muhanned A. "Preparation method of Silver Nano particles." Journal of Advanced Sciences and Engineering Technologies 3, no. 2 (October 1, 2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.32441/jaset.03.02.01.

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The last few years have perceived the most important development in the field of metals nanoparticle. As they have emerged a highly demanding chemical, physical and biological properties, thereby they employed in the various chemical and pharmaceutical industry. Silver as a metal with exceptional properties, its nanoparticles have devoted significant efforts for their synthesis and utility evaluation. In this review, the most recent and important approaches for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles will be covered along with the use of Ag NPs in a various disciplines especially those that are related to human life such as medicine, drug delivery and water purification. Besides reviewing several different opinions about the risks resulting from the synthesis and use of this type of materials

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Yu, Jui-Hsuan, Yi-Hsuan Chou, Yang-Min Liang, and Chi-Wang Li. "Integration of polyelectrolyte enhanced ultrafiltration and chemical reduction for metal-containing wastewater treatment and metal recovery." Water Science and Technology 72, no. 7 (June 17, 2015): 1096–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2015.315.

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Chemical reduction was firstly employed to treat synthetic wastewaters of various compositions prepared to simulate the retentate stream of polyelectrolyte enhanced ultrafiltration (PEUF). With fixed Cu:polyethylenimine (PEI) monomer:dithionite molar ratio, increasing copper concentration increases copper removal efficiency. Under fixed Cu:dithionite molar ratio and fixed Cu concentration, increasing PEI monomer:copper molar ratio decreases copper removal efficiency. The formation of nano-sized copper particles, which readily pass through 0.45 μm filter used for sample pretreatment before residual copper analysis, might be the reason behind the decreasing copper removal efficiency observed. Particle size analysis shows that the size of copper particles, which are formed through reduction reaction, increases with decreasing pH value and increasing reaction time. As ultrafiltration is capable of removing these nano-sized particles, integration of chemical reduction and PEUF is proposed to simultaneously achieve regeneration of polyelectrolyte and recovery of copper in one process. Results show that the proposed process could achieve almost complete copper removal without being affected by reaction pH.

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Yang, Shengchun, and Xiao Luo. "Mesoporous nano/micro noble metal particles: synthesis and applications." Nanoscale 6, no. 9 (2014): 4438–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3nr06858g.

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Xu, R. D., Jun Li Wang, and Y. Z. Zhang. "Effects of Ultrasonic and Mechanical Stirring on Microstructures and Properties of Nano-Composites." Applied Mechanics and Materials 33 (October 2010): 105–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.33.105.

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Ni-W-P/CeO2-SiO2 nano-composites were prepared on carbon steel surface by pulse co-deposition of Ni, W, P, CeO2 and SiO2 nano-particles. The influence of ultrasonic time and mechanical stirring on microstructures and properties were researched, and the characteristics were assessed by chemical compositions, element distribution, deposition rate, microhardness and microstructures. The results indicate that the nano-composites possess compact microstructures, clear outline of spherical matrix metal crystallite, fine crystal size, and uniform distribution of nano-particles within Ni-W-P matrix metal when treated by ultrasonic of 30mins and mechanical stirring of 1000rpm. An increase of the mechanical stirring velocity leads to refinement in grain structure and the corresponding increase of the deposition rate and the microhardness.

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O'Brien, C. P., K. H. Dostert, M. Hollerer, C. Stiehler, F. Calaza, S. Schauermann, S. Shaikhutdinov, M. Sterrer, and H. J. Freund. "Supports and modified nano-particles for designing model catalysts." Faraday Discussions 188 (2016): 309–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5fd00143a.

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In order to design catalytic materials, we need to understand the essential causes for material properties resulting from its composite nature. In this paper we discuss two, at first sight, diverse aspects: (a) the effect of the oxide–metal interface on metal nanoparticle properties and (b) the consequences of metal particle modification after activation on the selectivity of hydrogenation reactions. However, these two aspects are intimately linked. The metal nanoparticle’s electronic structure changes at the interface as a catalyst is brought to different reaction temperatures due to morphological modifications in the metal and, as we will discuss, these changes in the chemistry lead to changes in the reaction path. As the morphology of the particle varies, facets of different orientations and sizes are exposed, which may lead to a change in the surface chemistry as well. We use two specific reactions to address these issues in some detail. To the best of our knowledge, the present paper reports the first observations of this kind for well-defined model systems. The changes in the electronic structure of Au nanoparticles due to their size and interaction with a supporting oxide are revealed as a function of temperature using CO₂ activation as a probe. The presence of spectator species (oxopropyl), formed during an activation step of acrolein hydrogenation, strongly controls the selectivity of the reaction towards hydrogenation of the unsaturated CO bond vs. the CC bond on Pd(111) when compared with oxide-supported Pd nanoparticles.

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Casati, Riccardo, and Maurizio Vedani. "Metal Matrix Composites Reinforced by Nano-Particles—A Review." Metals 4, no. 1 (March 10, 2014): 65–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met4010065.

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Shin, Sang Bin, Dahye Lee, Gisuk Heo, and Jung Yun Do. "Rhodamine Functionalized Silica-Nano Particles Responding to Metal Ions." Polymer Korea 44, no. 6 (November 30, 2020): 854–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.7317/pk.2020.44.6.854.

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Murao, R., K. Sugiyama, S. Kameoka, and A. P. Tsai. "Structural analysis of metal nano-particles prepared by leaching." Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations of Crystallography 67, a1 (August 22, 2011): C423. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0108767311089379.

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OHIRA, Hiroaki, and Kuniaki ARA. "Development of Functional Liquid Metal by Dispersing Nano-Particles." Proceedings of Autumn Conference of Tohoku Branch 2003.39 (2003): 91–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmetohoku.2003.39.91.

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Fedorov, A. V., and A. V. Shulgin. "Mathematical modeling of melting of nano-sized metal particles." Combustion, Explosion, and Shock Waves 47, no. 2 (March 2011): 147–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s001050821102002x.

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Ramachandran, Supraja, Roman Latsuzbaia, Krishna N. K. Kowlgi, Hans Geerlings, Lian Zhang, Ugo Lafont, Ben Norder, Stephen Picken, and Ger Koper. "Correction to “Synthesis of Magnetic Noble Metal (Nano)Particles”." Langmuir 31, no. 1 (December 31, 2014): 651–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la502782h.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Metal Nano-particles'

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