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1
Ferrari, Federico. "Synthesis of Metal-Binding Ligand-Containing Copolymers, Nanoparticles and Blends." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/19186/.
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In this thesis we developed three copper-containing systems.
Copper shows intriguing abilities in photocatalysis, however, one of the major limitations of many copper complexes is that photochemical properties might be quenched in solution caused by π-interactions between solvent and solute, due to Jahn-Teller distortion in the excited state.
As such, we herein seek to synthesise copper heteroleptic complexes that will subsequently be nanoprecipitated with a polymer. This will allow the polymer to encase the complex and prevent the solvent-induced quenching. Subsequently, the preparation of blends of polymer with the aforementioned copper complexes, at different weight ratios is sought.
The preparation of the blend is particularly interesting as the catalytic properties are anticipated to be inferior on account of the low surface area. However, owing to the polymer matrix better, mechanical properties are anticipated. The blends can combine the mechanical properties of the polymer and the luminescence of the complex, with the advantage that the polymer matrix can also prevent quenching from oxygen. As final task, we developed a copper-containing monomer. The synthesis of a monomer that contains copper and can be excited under ultraviolet (UV) light is particularly interesting.
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Yu, Zhao. "Syntheses and Sensing Applications of Modified Noble Metal-containing Nanoparticles." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1623251284619434.
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Donoeva, Baira. "Study of catalytic and biological activity of gold-containing metal nanoparticles." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Chemistry, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/9761.
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Small particles of gold (< 100 nm) have attracted great interest among researchers due to the unique combination of their physicochemical properties. Among various research areas catalysis and bio-nanotechnology represent the largest areas of growth for gold nanoparticle research.
Catalysts play a crucial role in the life of the modern society. More than 85 % of all chemical processes are catalytic, and this number is increasing every year. There is a constant demand to develop more efficient and durable catalysts in order to address increasing energy demands and environmental requirements. The first part of the thesis is focused on the study of catalytic activity of supported gold and mixed-metal catalysts, derived from atomically precise phosphine-stabilised gold and mixed-metal clusters in the liquid-phase oxidation of cyclohexene and one-pot synthesis of imines. Various characterisation techniques (TEM, diffuse-reflectance UV-vis, XPS, etc.) as well as kinetic studies were used in order to establish the optimal structure of gold catalysts. The effect of catalytic support, nature of hetero-metal atom for mixed metal-systems and type of catalyst pre-treatment were also examined.
Gold nanoparticles are actively studied in various biomedical applications as they are offering new approaches to the detection and treatment of life-threatening diseases, such as cancer. The second part of this work discusses our preliminary investigations of biological activity of gold nanoparticles, stabilised with cancer-targeting molecules. In particular, the cytotoxicity of gold nanoparticles was studied using 11 different cancer and normal cell types. Gold uptake and particle localisation inside the cells were also investigated.
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Buso, Dario. "Sol-Gel Films containing Metal and Semiconductor Nanoparticles for Gas Sensing." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3426274.
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Nanotechnology is an exciting modern research field encompassing the traditionally specialist disciplines of chemistry, physics and engineering. Optics and catalysis are two areas of application that will continue to benefit from the recent improvements in control of materials morphology at the nano-scale.
The work presented in this thesis is focussed on the application of the Sol-Gel technique in the realization of thin inorganic layers containing metal and semiconductor nanoparticles that are capable of reversibly of detecting gas phase analytes. Three synthetic approaches were adopted, each of them characterized by a systematic increase of the final materials morphology, structure and micro-structure control. This materials engineering was essential in order for nanocomposites with the desired optical and chemical properties applicable to gas sensing devices to be obtained. The synthesized layers comprised of an inorganic porous matrix (SiO2, TiO2 and NiO) containing nanosized metal (Au, Pt) or semiconductor crystals (NiO), and were shown to be active materials for chemical recognition of H2 and CO. The films were readily deposited onto different sensing supports, leading to successful gas detection via optical, conductometric and surface acoustic wave interfaces.
SiO2-NiO-Au systems are capable to selectively detect H2 using an optical interface thanks to a marked wavelength dependence of its sensitivity toward this specie. However, if a peculiar NiO-Au morphology is obtained inside the SiO2 support CO is more likely to be detected.
TiO2-Au thin films are shown to be excellent conductometric sensors for H2 detection, and ideal gas-sensing dynamics have been observed in this case. This class of layers demonstrated to be effective also for H2 detection through a Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) interface.
Monolayers of Au nanoparticles covered by a thin NiO layer showed promising sensing dynamics in the optical recognition of H2. In this case the material synthesis allows for a detailed control of the single nanocomposite constituents, thus opening the possibility for a finer tuning of the sensor sensitivity.
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Gankanda, Aruni. "Heterogeneous and multiphase chemistry of trace atmospheric gases with mineral dust and other metal containing particles." Diss., University of Iowa, 2016. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/3090.
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Particulate matter in the atmosphere emitted from various natural and anthropogenic sources is important due to their effects on the chemical balance of the atmosphere, the Earth's climate, human health and biogeochemical cycles. Although there have been many studies performed to understand the above effects, there still remains substantial uncertainty associated with processes involved and thus it is difficult for current atmospheric chemistry and climate models to reconcile model results with field measurements. Therefore, it is important to have better agreement between models and observations as the accuracy of future atmospheric chemistry and climate predictions depends on it.
In this research, a greater understanding of the role of mineral dust chemistry was pursued through focused laboratory studies in order to better understand fundamental processes involved. In particular, studies to further understand the photochemistry of adsorbed nitrate, an important inorganic ion associated with particulate matter exposed to gas-phase nitrogen oxides, were conducted using Al2O3, TiO2 and NaY zeolite to represent non-photoactive components, photoactive components and aluminosilicate respectively, present in mineral dust. These studies reveal that photochemistry of nitrate adsorbed on mineral dust is governed by wavelength of light, physicochemical properties of dust particles and adsorption mode of nitrate. Gas phase NO2, NO and N2O are the photolysis products of nitrate on oxide particles under dry conditions. In contrast, nitrate adsorbed on zeolite is converted mainly to adsorbed nitrite upon irradiation. This nitrite yield is decreased with increasing relative humidity. Gas phase N2O is the main photolysis product of nitrate adsorbed in zeolite in the presence of co-adsorbed ammonia. Water adsorbed on semiconducting TiO2 can be photochemically converted to hydroxyl radicals. These hydroxyl radicals can be involved in surface mediated as well as gas phase oxidation reactions in the presence of cyclohexane. Another focus of this dissertation was to investigate the oxidation of sulfur dioxide oxidation in the presence of mineral aerosol, particularly, coal fly ash (FA), γ-Fe2O3 and Arizona test dust (AZTD), a model for mineral dust aerosol. Depending on the temporal evolution of Fe(II), we proposed that S(IV) oxidation in the presence of FA and γ-Fe2O3 initially occurs through a heterogeneous pathway and a homogeneous pathway is also possible over later time scales. S(IV) oxidation in the presence of AZTD appears to be mostly heterogeneous and does not lead to iron dissolution. Overall, these studies suggest that the rate, extent and products of atmospheric S(IV) oxidation can be highly variable and heavily dependent upon the nature of aerosol sources, thereby precluding simple generalizations about this reaction when modeling atmospheric processes involving diverse mineral dust aerosols. With the recent development in nanotechnology, nanoparticles are becoming a major fraction of atmospheric particulate matter. These particles can undergo aging under ambient conditions at any stage of their life cycle. This impacts the fundamental properties of these materials and therefore the behavior in the environment and interactions with biomolecules and biological systems. ZnO and CuO nanoparticles form adsorbed carbonate phases upon exposure to CO2 and water vapor. These carbonates become more solvated as the relative humidity is increased. Presence of carbonate phases on ZnO particles increases their water solubility. Thus, overall the work reported in this dissertation provides insights into heterogeneous and multiphase atmospheric chemical reactions in the presence of mineral aerosol and atmospheric aging of nanoparticles.
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André, Rémi F. "Tailored routes to metal-containing nanoparticles for hydrogenation reactions in solution : surface design for H2 activation." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2021. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2021SORUS190.pdf.
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Dans ces travaux de thèse, nous avons exploré différentes classes de nanoparticules métalliques telles que des carbures, des oxydes et des phosphures, pour des applications en catalyse colloïdale. Afin de construire un système catalytique de type « Paire de Lewis Frustrée », la synergie avec des bases de Lewis moléculaires a été étudiée. En introduction, les enjeux et les défis de l’activation de H2 en solvant sont présentés, avec un focus sur les catalyseurs non purement métalliques pour l’hydrogénation de composés modèles. Dans la première partie, des carbures et des hydrures de métaux de début de transition ont été synthétisés par métathèse solide-solide. Nous avons exploré l’influence de différents paramètres de procédé sur la spéciation de phase des produits. Les catalyseurs supportés les plus prometteurs, Mo2C/C et W2C/C, ont été étudiées pour l’hydrogénation d’oléfines en phase gaz et en solvant. Dans la deuxième partie, des oxydes de cerium et d’indium ont été produits par voie hydrothermale. L’importance de défauts d’oxygène dans CeO2-x pour l’activation de H2 en phase gaz et pour la semi-hydrogénation du phénylacétylène a été établie. La dernière partie est dédiée à la synthèse solvothermale d’oxydes de molybdène et de tungstène, ainsi qu’à celle de carbure et de phosphures de nickel. Les mécanismes de synthèse ont été étudiés par RMN pour la partie organique et par XAS et DRX pour la partie inorganique. L’activité catalytique des nanoparticules non supportées a finalement été évaluée pour l’hydrogénation du nitrobenzène et du phénylacétylène dans plusieurs solvantsIn this thesis work, the use of metal-containing nanoparticles such as carbides, oxides and phosphides is explored for colloidal catalysis. In an attempt to build a Frustrated Lewis Pair (FLP)-like catalytic system for H2 activation, the synergy with a molecular Lewis base is assessed. In the bibliographic introduction, the stakes and the challenges of H2 activation in solvent are presented, with an emphasis on the use of non-purely metallic catalysts for the hydrogenation of model compounds. In the first part, early transition metal carbides and hydrides are synthesized via solid-state metathesis. The influence of process parameters is explored to tune the phase speciation in the products. The most promising carbon-supported catalysts, Mo2C/C and W2C/C, are studied for gas phase and liquid phase hydrogenations of olefins. In the second part, cerium and indium oxides are obtained via hydrothermal pathways. The relevance of oxygen defects in CeO2-x is established for H2 gas phase activation and semi-hydrogenation of phenylacetylene in solvent. The last part is dedicated to the non-aqueous syntheses of molybdenum and tungsten oxides, and nickel carbide and phosphides. The syntheses mechanisms are studied by means of NMR for the organic species and XAS and XRD for the nature of the inorganic species. The catalytic activity of the unsupported nanoparticles is finally evaluated for the hydrogenation of nitrobenzene and phenylacetylene in various solvents
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Lee, W. W. Y. "Polymer films containing SERS active metal nanoparticles for therapeutic drug monitoring and forensic analysis." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.678709.
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The work in this thesis was centred on developing an alternative method for therapeutic drug monitoring based on using microneedle arrays to sample interstitial fluid combined with a SERS active layer for analysis of the sampled fluid. Simple aqueous colloids are too unstable to use in this application so here the colloid was aggregated and then preserved within hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC) films. The films were then tested alongside microneedle arrays, which were prepared and developed by Salvador and Donnelly in the School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast. The principle was that the microneedle arrays would puncture the skin to take up the interstitial fluid containing therapeutic drugs and deliver it to the base plate where the SERS sensing HEC film would be located. The SERS films themselves were found to be effective for the analysis of the target thetapeutic drugs, theophylline and phenytoin. However, when the drugs were taken up by microneedle arrays they were largely trapped within them. The SERS films were found to have a much broader range of potential applications than therapeutic drug monitoring. They were shown not simply to be able to detect conventional aqueous solutions of drugs but they were used as the basis for a novel trace drug detection method. In this method the area to be tested was wiped with a moistened swab which was then contacted with the SERS active film. With mephedrone as a test analyte, drug deposits on surfaces in the Ilg range could be collected and detected. Alternatively, for seized bulk methiopropamine drug samples which had high fluorescence, the films provided a convenient method of quenching the fluorescence and enhancing spectra simultaneously. Finally, the films were also tested for use in analysis of ink samples and proved to be highly effective, providing spectra that allowed various inks to be discriminated.
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Erhard, Felix Maria Maximilian. "Synthesis and catalytic applications of ruthenium- and iron-based nanoparticles from the pyrolysis of metal-containing homopolymers and block copolymers." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.658315.
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This Thesis is concerned with the synthesis of new Fe- and Rucontaining homopolymers and block copolymers and their applications as precursors for the fabrication of catalytically active nanoparticles upon pyrolysis (NPs). The strained sila[l]ferrocenophane (T]-CSH4) Fe(T]-CsH4)SiMeRc has been synthesised. Two different routes for its synthesis Were employed and compared. The compound was polymerised via thermal ringopening polymerisation (ROP), which afforded insoluble polymeric material. Photo controlled ROP. was used to afford narrowly dispersed, high molecular . weight (Mn between 10,000 and 53,000 Da) air and moisture stable [(T]CsH4) Fe(T]-CsH4)-SiMeRc]n. Electrochemical characterisation of (T]-CsH4)Fe(T]CsH4)- SiMeRc revealed unusual, concentration dependent behaviour associated with the pendant Rc substituent. We postulate a dimerisation pathway based on Ru-Ru bond formation upon oxidation of the Rc side . groups. The synthesis of the block copolymer PSm-b-[(T]-CsH4)Fe(T]-CsH4)SiMeRc] n was carried out and afforded narrowly dispersed block copolymers of high molecular weight (Mn between 28,000 and 36,000 Da). The synthesis of Fe(T]-CsH4)zSi(Me)(C=CSiMe3) and its photocontrolled polymerisation to yield high molecular weight (Mn between 13,000 and 45,500 Da) [Fe(T]-CsH4)zSi(Me)(C=CSiMe3)]n is also presented. Deprotection and clusterisation with RU3(CO)12 yielded the highly metalen, riched compound [Fe( T]-CsH4)zSiCH3{(Il-H)Ru3(CO)9Cz}]n. UV -irradiation was utilised for cross-linking reactions, which proceeded readily. The block copolymers PSm-h-[Fe(T]-CsH4)zSi(Me)(C=CSiMe3)]n and PSm~h-[Fe(T]CsH4) zSiCH3{(Il-H)Ru3(CO)9CZ}]n were prepared. The fabrication of metal-containing nanoparticles (NPs) via pyrolysis of the metallopolymers was carried out via bulk' and thin film pyrolysis between 500 and 1000°C. Analysis of the resulting materials revealed the formation of RuSi, RuzFeSi, RU4Fe and/or Ru NPs, depending on the material and pyrolysis temperature. The particles were embedded in a carbonaceous matrix. The catalytic activity towards hydrogenation of cyclohexene by the particles formed via pyrolysis of thin films was investigated and showed some catalytic activity. The synthesis of a metallopolymer for the fabrication of monometallic Ru NPs is also discussed.
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Mirza, Nasiri Nooshin Mirza. "Novel Metal-Containing Nanoparticle Composites for Cancer Therapy and Imaging." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2020. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1707253/.
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With all the improvements in cancer treatments, multidrug resistance is still the major challenge in treating cancer. Cells can develop multidrug resistance (MDR) during or after treatment, which will render the cancer cells resistant not only to the chemotherapy drug being used but also to many other structurally- and mechanically-different chemotherapeutics. In the first project, the main focus was on development of drug resistant cell lines by selection with taxol. Gene changes in the L1T2 cell line after treatment with Taxol was studied. Treatment of L1T2 cells with taxol leads to changes in the expression of ABC transporter proteins, whereas the combination of Taxol with protease inhibitors leads to increased efficacy via inhibition of P-glycoprotein (P-gp). In the second project, we showed that our innovatively-designed Au-loaded poly(lactide-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles (GPLGA NPs) are able to cross biological barriers and deliver inside the cells without being recognized by the ABC protein transporter. (We focus specifically on P-gp-mediated drug efflux in a model of HEK cell lines.) The concentration of gold was measured using inductively-coupled plasma/mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) after 6- and 24-hour treatment of GPLGA NPs, which did not show significant increase of gold inside the cells in presence of the P-gp inhibitor valspodar. Cancer cells were treated with the GPLGA NPs for 24 hours and then irradiated 5 minutes at 1Wcm-2 using laser settings at 680 or 808 nm. Heat generation in cancer cells, after internalizing GPLGA NPs and laser irradiation, was significant irrespective of laser wavelength. The plasmomic heating response in this in vitro model can be a step closer to overcome MDR. Finally, for the third and last project represented in this dissertation, the focus was on the design and synthesis of innovative, biodegradable PLGA NPs, encapsulated with the platinum(II)-based non-organometallic/non-cyclometalated phosphorescent complex PTA = [Pt(ptp)2], a brightly phosphorescent complex (ptp = square-planar bis[3,5-bis(2-pyridyl)-1,2,4-triazolato]). Size-tunable, emission-polarized phosphorescent PTA-loaded PLGA NPs were synthesized using a single-emulsion, solvent evaporation technique. Photoluminescence characterization shows that PTA-loaded PLGA NPs exhibit strong and stable orange emission with peak maximum ~ 580 nm. The photoluminescence quantum yield (QY) of the synthesized PTA-PLGA NPs was evaluated at ~55%, which allows recording of images with a much better contrast than that with PTA in organic solvents without the PLGA (QY ~0.5% and ~0 emission polarization) or even that with typical fluorescent organic dyes like rhodamines.
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Lê, Thi Kim-Chi. "Oxygen Reduction Reaction with Molybdenum-Containing Oxysulfide Nanoparticles : from Colloidal Synthesis to Surface Activity." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2020. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2020SORUS209.pdf.
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Aujourd'hui, dans les véhicules individuels, les piles à combustible concurrencent les batteries Li-ion par de nombreux avantages. Donc, remplacer les métaux nobles par des métaux plus abondants dans des catalyseurs est essentiel pour les rendre abordables. Le molybdène peut être un bon candidat puisque certains composés (ex. MoS2, MoO2) ont une activité pour la réduction de l’oxygène (ORR). Les oxysulfures de molybdène, relativement méconnus, pourraient être utilisés comme électrodes pour les batteries Li-ion ou les catalyseurs grâce à leur structure poreuse sous formes amorphes (couches minces et poudres massives). Leur synthèse colloïdale à basse température, favorisant les matériaux nanométriques et évitant des synthèses énergivores, est très peu étudiée. Il en va de même pour leur réactivité catalytique en ORR. Ici, la synthèse colloïdale bien connue d'oxysulfures de lanthanides à basse température (environ 300 °C), produisant par exemple Gd2O2S, est étendue à l’usage de précurseurs de molybdène. Nous avons étudié deux voies de synthèse basées sur celle des nanoplaquettes de Gd2O2S : par un protocole en deux étapes (ajout d'un précurseur de Mo à des nanoplaquettes de Gd2O2S fraîchement formées et non lavées) ou un autre en une étape (ajout simultané des deux précurseurs métalliques). L'analyse structurale a montré que la première méthode conduit possiblement à un dépôt de tétraèdres isolés de molybdate sur des nanoplaquettes de Gd2O2S sans changer leur forme et leur taille, tandis que la deuxième conduit plutôt à un environnement local de Mo plus sulfuré. En ORR, seuls les échantillons dopés au molybdate (à faible dose) ont montré des résultats positifs, qui sont directement liés à la présence de Mo. D'autres travaux exploratoires sur les synthèses sans Gd sont en cours pour compléter l'étude sur la structure et le mécanisme de formation des matériaux concernés. Dans l'ensemble, il s'agit de la première tentative d’application de la synthèse de l'oxysulfure de lanthanide pour synthétiser des oxysulfures de molybdèneToday, in personal vehicles, fuel cells are competing with the Li-ion batteries to provide the next technological leap. Hence, replacing noble metal by non-noble metal catalysts is essential to make them affordable. Molybdenum can be a good candidate as some compounds (e.g. MoS2, MoO2) are showing activity for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction (ORR). Uncommon molybdenum oxysulfides could be used as electrodes for Li-ion batteries or catalysts thanks to their porous structure in amorphous forms (thin films and bulk powders). Their colloidal synthesis at low temperature, favoring the nanoscaled materials and bypassing the simple energy-consuming synthesis, is barely reported. The same goes for their ORR catalytic reactivity, which was almost never studied. Here, the well-known colloidal synthesis of lanthanide oxysulfides at low temperature (around 300 °C), producing nanoparticles such as Gd2O2S, is extended to the use of Mo molecular precursors. We studied two pathways: by a two-step protocol (adding the Mo precursor to freshly formed, unwashed Gd2O2S nanoplates) or a one-step protocol (adding simultaneously both metallic precursors). The structural analysis showed that the first method possibly leads to a deposition of isolated molybdate tetrahedrons on Gd2O2S nanoplates without changing their shape and size, while the latter one leads to a more sulfide-like environment of Mo. As observed, only molybdate-doped samples (at low dose) showed positive results in terms of electrochemical activity, which is found related directly to the Mo’s presence. Other explorative work on the syntheses without Gd is being pursued to complement the study on the structure and the formation mechanism of the interested materials. Overall, this is the first attempt to synthesize molybdenum oxysulfide by applying the synthesis method of lanthanide oxysulfide
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Yang, Yu-Wei, and 楊育瑋. "Preparation of Conductive Textiles Containing Polypyrrole and Metal Nanoparticles by Diffusion-Oxidation Method and Property Characterization." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/d4pus7.
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碩士國立臺北科技大學
有機高分子研究所
96
Fabrics including cotton, nylon 6 and poly(ethylene terephthalate) were pre-adsorbed metal nanoparticles(Au、Ag and Cu) and diffused with pyrrole. These fabrics were chemically oxidized by FeCl3 in water. Polypyrrole has been found incorporating into interior of fibers and spacing between fibers. The resistivities of polypyrrole and nanoparticles contained fabrics were lower than those of fabrics containing polypyrrole(30 to 100 Ω/square). The existence of metal nanoparticles in fabric was identified by atomic absorption spectroscopy and electron dispersive spectroscopy. Gold loading of the conductive fabric was high comparing to two other metals. Dispersion of preadsorbed metal nanoparticles on the surface of fibers of pristine fabric was good according to images taken from electron scanning microscope. Electromagnetic shielding of the conductive fabrics were significant 8-26dB(nylon 6)、7-15dB(PET) and 5-9dB(cotton)，although resistance of polypyrrole lose during laundry was fair for above textiles.
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Chiou, Ya-Huei, and 邱雅惠. "Preparation of Conductive Textiles Containing Polypyrrole and Metal Nanoparticles by Chemical Oxidation Method and Property Characterization." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/2s3926.
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碩士國立臺北科技大學
有機高分子研究所
96
Pyrrole with various amount of metal nanoparticles including Au、Ag and Cu was chemically oxidized by iron(III) chloride hexahydrate in water and deposited as a polymer film on the surface of fabrics(cotton and nylon 6 and PET).The surface resistivities of above conductive textiles were measured by four-point probe method. The existence of metal on the fabric was identified using atomic absorption spectroscopy and energy dispersive spectrometry. It indicated that the surface resistivities of metal nanoparticles and polypyrrole coated cotton fabric was lower than that of polypyrrole cotton fabric. The same kind of trend was found for metal nanoparticles and polypyrrole coated nylon 6 or PET fabric. The surface of polypyrrole-coated fibers of metal-containing fabric was smooth according to scanning electron microscopic images. Electromagnetic shielding and resistance of polypyrrole loss for laundry were fair for the conductive fabrics prepared by above method.
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Huang, Wei-Ting, and 黃唯庭. "Use Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering to detect hazardous metal Based on Thiol bond-containing compound - Modified Gold Nanoparticles." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/bar278.
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碩士高雄醫學大學
醫藥暨應用化學系碩士班
104
Nowadays our Industrial development are more developed that produce heavy metal ions. Heavy metal ions contain toxins and accumulated in the body, the Earth caused pollution of the environment more besides destroying the environment even endanger health. Therefore we are committed to detect heavy metal ions’ existence in our daily life, to prevented contamination. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) has proven to be promising for the detection of trace analytes. And the noble metal nanoparticles have broad range of applicability. Noble metal nanoparticles can increase Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) signal to detect heavy metal ions. However, the repeatability of noble metal nanoparticles is difficult to control. We planned to make noble metal form colloid particles form a regular array of nanoparticles patterns by adjusting the surface energy. We use SH- compound attached to nanoparticle arrays. Then the analytes which contain heavy metal may chelation with SH- compound. Finally, use Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) to detect enhanced signal of heavy metal.
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Baddour, Frederick G. "Platinum-containing heterobimetallic lantern complexes prepared with thiocarboxylates: synthesis, structural, and magnetic characterization and synthesis characterization of magnetic metal oxide nanoparticles." Thesis, 2013. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/17746.
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Three Pt-based heterobimetallic lantern complexes of the form, [PtM(SAc)4(OH2)], M = Co (1), Ni (2), Zn (3), were prepared with thioacetate (SAc^-) bridging ligands that exhibit short Pt^...Pt interactions in the solid state. Three compounds with the form [PtM(SAc)4(3-NO2py)], M = Co (4), Ni (5), Zn (6) are formed upon reaction with 3-nitropyridine (3-NO2py) or alternatively the hydrated species 1--3 could be dehydrated to form the species [PtM(SAc)4], M = Co (7), Ni (8), Zn (9). Solid-state magnetism measurements indicate antiferromagnetic coupling of the paramagnetic 3d metal centers that can be attributed to the pathway established by the short Pt^...Pt contacts.
Additional families of thiocarboxylate lantern complexes were prepared via the reaction of 1--3 or 7--9 with nitrogen or oxygen donor ligands. Reaction of 7--9 with pyridine yielded complexes with the form [PtM(SAc)4(py)2], M = Co (10), Ni (11), Zn (12). Complexes 10--12 could be thermally converted to the complexes [PtM(SAc)4(py)], M = Co (13), Ni (14), Zn (15) respectively. Reactions with the 4-aminopyridine ligand (amp) yielded exclusively monopyridyl species of the form [PtM(SAc)4(amp)], M = Co (16), Ni (17), Zn (18). O-donor solvents bind the dehydrated core [PtM(SAc)4] to give the complexes [PtCo(SAc)4(DMSO)](DMSO), 19, and [PtNi(SAc)4(DMF)](DMF), 20. Several diamagnetic complexes were prepared with the form [PtM(SOCR)4OH2], R = CH3, M = Mg (21); R = C6H5, M = Mg (22), Ca (23), and Zn (24) to examine the effect of the 3d metal on the electronic environment as determined by ^195Pt NMR.
An additional family of complexes were prepared with pyrazine (pyz) linker ligands to form coordination polymers of the form [PtM(SAc)4(pyz)]n M = Co (25), Ni (26), Zn (27) and [PtM(SAc)4(pyz)0.5]2 M = Co (28), Ni (29), Zn (30). Two novel diplatinum complexes have been prepared with the 2,6-dimercaptopyridine (H2dmp) protoligand of the form [Pt2(Hdmp)4], 31, and [Pt2(phen)2(Hdmp)2], 32.
Finally, a facile synthesis for ricinoleic acid, RA, coated ferrite spinel nanoparticles MFe2O4 · RA, M = Mn (33), Co (34), Ni(35), Zn(36) has been developed. The ferrite spinels were prepared hydrothermally and the synthesis and characterization of these nanoparticles will be discussed.
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Kuo, Yu-Pi, and 郭毓弼. "Preparation of trace metal nanoparticle-containing AZO Transparent Conducting Films by sol-gel method." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/83281585850929699483.
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碩士國立中正大學
化學工程所
98
In this thesis, the Ag or Pt-containing aluminum doped ZnO (AZO) thin film were prepared by sol-gel method. After spin coating, drying, calcinations in air and hydrogen heat treatment, the Ag or Pt-containing transparent conducting films were obtained. The effects of trace metal doping and process parameters were studied for the formation of AZO. According to conductivity, the transparency in visible region, and the uniformity of the thin films, the Pt and Ag were selected the most suitable as additives in the AZO transparent conductive films with systematic experiments , it was found that the addition of Ag and Pt nanoparticles can significantly enhance conductivity of AZO films. When content of the Pt content was about 0.05at.%, the electrical resistivity of AZO film was about 6.36×10-3Ω．cm with annealing process in air at 450℃ and heat treatment by hydrogen at 450℃. The UV/VIS spectra revealed that the transparency of Ag nanoparticle-containing AZO films has no significant difference from that of the AZO films. The transmittance of Pt nanoparticle-containing was higher than 90%.
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Sibokoza, Simon Bonginkosi. "Synthesis and characterization of cobalt and copper sulfide nanoparticles with reproducible stoichiometry using sulfur containing single-source precursors." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10352/267.
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M.Tech. (Chemistry, Faculty of Applied and Computer Science), Vaal University of Technology.Complexes of alkyldithiocarbamate and thiuram have been extensively explored for various applications in the medical field. Thiuram and dithiocarbamate ligands were used to prepared complexes of cobalt and copper. The high abundance of sulfur in these ligands has resulted to be the preferred complexes for the synthesis of metal sulfide nanoparticles. All the prepared complexes were characterized using techniques such as IR and 1HNMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and thermogravimetric analysis. All the spectra data obtained were consistent with the coordination of the ligands through sulfur atom to the metal ion. The thermogravimetric analysis of all complexes decomposed to form metal sulfide, which really confirmed that all the complexes could be used to metal sulfide nanoparticles. All the prepared complexes were used to synthesize MxSy nanoparticles. The metal sulfide nanoparticles were successful prepared by thermal decomposition of the single-source precursor in hexadecylamine solution. The reaction parameter such as the concentration (1.0, 0.5, 0.25 and 0.125 g), reaction temperature (80, 130, 200, 250 °C) and the time (5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30) of the reactionwere varied to see their effect on the preparation of the nanoparticles. The prepared metal sulfide nanoparticles were characterized using techniques such as UV spectroscopy, photoluminescence spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis and transmission electron microscopy. The concentration was found to have a profound effect in size and shape of the prepared nanoparticles. The nanoparticles prepared at various concentrations were dominated by sphere with an average size of 2-30 nm. The XRD pattern confirmed that the composition is not affected by the temperature. Thetemperature has a dramatic effect in size, shape and the stoichiometry of the reaction. This was confirmed by an increase in size as the temperature was increased, with the exception of cobalt sulfide nanoparticles that decrease in size while temperature was increase. The XRD pattern showed different composition as the temperature was varied. Time of the reaction was found to affect the particles size of the nanoparticle. The sizes of the nanoparticles were increase as the time of the reaction was prolonged.
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Wang, Chun-Hsiang, and 王俊翔. "Synthesis of a New Metal-ion Responsive Azacrown Coumarin Containing Photoluminescent Polypeptide to Investigate the Metal Ions Induced Supramolecular Assembly Behaviors and the Feasibility as the Formation of Mercury Nanoparticle Template / Synthesis and Exploration of Pyridine Containing Polypeptides in the Catalytic Application." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/69q76g.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣大學
化學研究所
107
Forming supramolecular assemblies and controlling their behaviors via non-covalent interactions mimicking multi-functional materials have drawn much attention. Utilization of strong and directional interactions such as metal-ligand coordination can achieve spontaneous formation of selective, simple, and reversible supramolecular assemblies. However, it still remains a great challenge to monitor the underlying supramolecular assembly temporally. Herein, a new metal ion-responsive azacrown coumarin-conjugated photoluminescent polypeptide (ACCP) was designed and synthesized via in situ generated N-carboxyanhydride from the corresponding activated urethane monomer to exploit the metal ion-induced supramolecular assembly behaviors. After screening with various metal ions in either acetonitrile or chloroform, the results showed that ACCP˙Cu2+ exhibited blue emission in acetonitrile. However, ACCP dissolved in chloroform displayed strong fluorescence intensity enhancement only in the presence of either Hg2+ or Na+. In the combination of the absorption and the fluorescence profile, the morphologies of ACCP can be deduced. Notably, ACCP can also induce the formation of mercury nanoparticle. The morphologies of the mercury nanoparticle was 10 nm solid nanosphere stabilized by ACCP which was confirmed by transmission electron microscope. ACCP induced mercury nanoparticle was further used as the catalyst in Beckmann rearrangement. The preliminary results show that ACCP induced mercury nanoparticle was unable to catalyze the reaction due to the fact that the mercury nanoparticle was encapsulated compactly in the interior of the polymersome, rendering the mercury nanoparticles not accessible to the substrates. Further optimization of the reaction condition is required. Inspired by the ACCP induced mercury nanoparticle, polypeptide containing the pyridine ligands were designed and synthesized. Taking the advantage of the chirality in the polypeptide and the immobilization of the palladium via pyridine ligands, it is hoped to achieve good stereoselectivity in the synthesis of unnatural amino acid and the recover the palldium. A new synthetic strategy was developed to synthesize polymerizable monomer with the pyridine ligand to mitigate the contamination of the palladium needed to used in the original strategy. Based on this strategy, PPy-Lys, MPy-Lys, OPy-Lys, and Y-Lys were successfully synthesized, PPy-PLL and MPy-PLL were obtained in good yield with molecular weight around 8 kDa. PPy-PLL was further used as a ligand to C-H activation. The results revealed that PPy-PLL was unable to improve either yield or enantioselectivity. New ligands are required to achieve the C-H activation and high enantioselectivity.