Relevant bibliographies by topics / METAL-CONTAINING COMPOUND

Academic literature on the topic 'METAL-CONTAINING COMPOUND'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "METAL-CONTAINING COMPOUND"

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Feldborg, Lise N., Wojciech J. Saletra, Patrizia Iavicoli, and David B. Amabilino. "Central metal ion determined self-assembly of intrinsically chiral porphyrins." Journal of Porphyrins and Phthalocyanines 15, no. 09n10 (September 2011): 995–1003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s108842461100394x.

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The aggregation of a tetraaryl-porphyrin with chiral amide-containing side groups depends critically on the central metal ion in the tetrapyrrolic core, an effect shown dramatically in solution as well as in the gel formation by the compounds. In solution, the circular dichroism (CD) spectra of the metalloporphyrins show that they all aggregate to some degree, and in most cases the aggregates of the metal-containing species is more favored than the parent free-base porphyrin. The compound which shows the greatest optical activity is the zinc(II) porphyrin which forms a J-aggregate with large Cotton effects in the CD spectrum. Infrared spectroscopy revealed that this aggregate is favored by interaction of the amide oxygen atom with the zinc(II) ion at the core of the porphyrin. The other metalloporphyrins, containing divalent copper, cobalt, and palladium or manganese(III) acetate all show CD activity, and all but the cobalt compound form gels in hexane or cyclohexane. The morphology of the xerogels formed after evaporation of the solvent from these gels depend greatly on the metal ion, with only the copper porphyrin — which shows a clear H-aggregate in solution — having a fibrous morphology
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Tan, Lee-Yae, Lee Tin Sin, Soo-Tueen Bee, Chantara T. Ratnam, Kwan-Kit Woo, Tiam-Ting Tee, and Abdul Razak Rahmat. "A review of antimicrobial fabric containing nanostructures metal-based compound." Journal of Vinyl and Additive Technology 25, S1 (September 15, 2017): E3—E27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/vnl.21606.

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Weigand, Wolfgang, and Gabriele Bosl. "Metallkomplexe mit funktionalisierten Schwefelliganden, IV / Metal Complexes of Functionalized Sulfur-Containing Ligands IV." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 47, no. 8 (August 1, 1992): 1165–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-1992-0818.

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The platinum(O) compound (Ph3P)2Pt(η2H4) (1) reacts with N-(alkyl- and arylsulfinyl) phthalimides R—S(O)-Nphth [R = C3H7 (2a), C4H9 (2b), C12H25 (2c), CH2Ph (2d), Ph (2e) p-CH3C6H4 (2f)] to give the trans-configurated sulfenato complexes (Ph3P)2Pt[S(O)—R](Nphth) (3a—f). The compounds 3a—f have been characterized by IR, 1H, 13C and 31P NMR spectroscopy, 3d—f additionally by their FAB mass spectra. The oxidation of cis-(Ph3P)2Pt(SC4H9)(Nphth) (5) with m-chloroperbenzoic acid leads to a mixture of compounds containing cis-(Ph3P)2Pt[S(O)C4H9](Nphth) (6) as a main product.
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Ceyhan, Tanju, Mustafa Korkmaz, Türker Kutluay, and Özer Bekaroğlu. "Synthesis, characterization and EPR spectroscopy of novel s-triazines bearing three oxygen-linked phthalocyanines." Journal of Porphyrins and Phthalocyanines 08, no. 12 (December 2004): 1383–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s108842460400074x.

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Compound 1 (2,4,6-tris(2-oxaphthalonitrile)- s -triazine) has been prepared by the reaction of 4-nitrophthalonitrile and cyanuric acid in dry DMF as the solvent in the presence of K 2 CO 3 as the base. An interesting s -triazine, containing three oxa metal phthalocyanines ( M = Zn , Co or Cu ) has been synthesized from compound 1, 4,5-bis(hexylthio)phthalonitrile and the corresponding anhydrous metal salts ( Zn ( OAc )2, CoCl 2 or CuCl ) by the method of statistically mixed condensation. The new compounds and phthalocyanines were obtained in sufficient purity after successive washings with different solvents and were characterized by elemental analysis, UV-vis, IR, NMR and EPR spectroscopy.
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Courbot, Mikael, Laurent Diez, Roberta Ruotolo, Michel Chalot, and Pierre Leroy. "Cadmium-Responsive Thiols in the Ectomycorrhizal Fungus Paxillus involutus." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 70, no. 12 (December 2004): 7413–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.70.12.7413-7417.2004.

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ABSTRACT Molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the sustained metal tolerance of ectomycorrhizal fungi are largely unknown. Some of the main mechanisms involved in metal detoxification appear to involve the chelation of metal ions in the cytosol with thiol-containing compounds, such as glutathione, phytochelatins, or metallothioneins. We used an improved high-performance liquid chromatography method for the simultaneous measurement of thiol-containing compounds from cysteine and its derivatives (γ-glutamylcysteine, glutathione) to higher-molecular-mass compounds (phytochelatins). We found that glutathione and γ-glutamylcysteine contents increased when the ectomycorrhizal fungus Paxillus involutus was exposed to cadmium. An additional compound with a 3-kDa molecular mass, most probably related to a metallothionein, increased drastically in mycelia exposed to cadmium. The relative lack of phytochelatins and the presence of a putative metallothionein suggest that ectomycorrhizal fungi may use a different means to tolerate heavy metals, such as Cd, than do their plant hosts.
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Mikhailov, Oleg V. "Polycyclic 3d-metalchelates formed owing to inner-sphere transmutations in the gelatin matrix: synthesis and structures." Reviews in Inorganic Chemistry 37, no. 2 (June 27, 2017): 71–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/revic-2017-0003.

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AbstractProcesses of synthesis of polycyclic compounds containing various 3d-elements, proceeding in gelatin matrix in the systems M(II) ion – (N,S)- or (N,O,S)-containing organic compound A – mono- or dicarbonyl-containing organic compound B, resulting in one of a variety of inner-sphere transmutations, namely “self-assembly”, have been considered and discussed. The chemical nature of the final products of such a synthesis formed under these specific conditions have been compared with the chemical nature of the final products formed by similar synthesis in solutions. It has been noted that in many cases, the nature and chemical composition of these products differ substantially. Specific features of the density functional theory calculated molecular structures of the metal macrocyclic compounds that can be formed due to such a synthesis in the systems indicated above have been discussed, too. The review covers the period 1990–2016.
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Barbot'ko, S. L., I. S. Naumov, O. S. Vol'nyi, and E. V. Alifanov. "The Effect of Pigments on the Flammability Characteristics of a Rubber Compound Based on Methylvinylsiloxane Rubber." International Polymer Science and Technology 44, no. 11 (November 2017): 41–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0307174x1704401109.

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When parts manufactured from polymeric materials are used in different sectors of industry, the use of different colours may be required. The use of pigments of different chemical nature and often possessing catalytic activity may lead to a change in fire hazard characteristics. The effect of several inorganic pigments based on carbon black and metal compounds on the flammability characteristics of a rubber compound of grade VR-42 (white-coloured) based on methylvinylsiloxane rubber has been investigated. A comparison with a standard rubber compound containing magnesium hydroxide has been carried out. The considerable influence of the presence of carbon pigment with nanosized particles on improvement in residual burning (smouldering) time by comparison with the base combination has been shown. No statistically significant change in this characteristic has been established for a coloured rubber compound of grade VR-42 by comparison with the base combination when mineral pigments of different colours and based on metal compounds are introduced.
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Ushkov, Valentin A., Evgeniya V. Sokoreva, Anna V. Goryunova, and Stanislav A. Demjanenko. "Fire hazard of phosphorus-containing hard casting polyurethane foams." Vestnik MGSU, no. 12 (December 2018): 1524–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.22227/1997-0935.2018.12.1524-1532.

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Introduction. Fire-safe rigid filling polyurethane foams (PUF), meant for low-temperature thermal insulation of pipelines and technological equipment were developed. The effect of concentration of oxyethylated tetraalkylphosphonate pentaerythritol (phostetrol-1) on technological, physico-mechanical and thermal properties, contents of pyrolysis products and main fire hazard indicators of PUFs was explored. The effect of chemical nature and metal compounds concentration of variable valence on fume-generation ability of phosphorous-containing PUFs was examined. Main technological and physico-mechanical properties and fire hazard indicators of developed styrofoams are provided. Materials and methods. Rigid filling PUFs were obtained on the basis of simple oxyethylated polyols and polyisocyanate. Phostetrol-1 was used as a reactive phosphorous-containing compound. As a foaming and hardening catalyst of developed PUF’s a nitrogen-containing polyol (mark Lapromol 294) and dimethylethanolamine was used, and as a foaming agent - mixture of freon - 11 and water. Different metal compounds of variable valence were used to reduce fume-generation ability and toxicity of pyrolysis products of rigid phosphorous-containing PUFs. Thermal properties of examined PUFs were studied with the help of thermoanalytical complex Du PONT 9000. Main technological and physico-mechanical properties and fire hazard indicators of styrofoams were determined under existing GOSTs. Results. The effect of phostetrol-1 concentration in polyester compound on main technological and physico-mechanical properties, contents of pyrolysis products and main fire hazard indicators of rigid filling PUFs was established. It is shown that to obtain moderately flammable PUFs the phosphorous concentration in styrofoam must exceed 2.5 mass. %. The correlation between low-scale evaluation methods of flammability of rigid PUFs was found. The effect of phosphorous concentration on fume-generation ability and contents of pyrolysis products of rigid PUFs was found. The effect of chemical nature and metal compounds concentration of variable valence on fume-generation ability of phosphorous-containing PUFs was examined. It is shown that effective decrease of fume-generation ability and toxicity of pyrolysis products of moderately flammable PUFs occurs when Cu2O or chrome spinels are introduced to the polyester compound. Conclusions. As a result of conducted research it was established that the combined use of phostetrol-1, Cu2O and chrome spinels makes it possible to obtain rigid fire-safe PUFs with high physico-mechanical properties. Fire-safe rigid filling PUFs, developed with the use of raw native materials, are recommended to be used for low-temperature thermal insulation of pipelines and technological equipment.
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R, Tamizselvi, and Ayyakannu Arumugam Napoleon. "Fluorescent and Colorimetric Chemosensor for the Detection of Toxic Metal Ions of Mercury and Lead – A Mini Review." ECS Transactions 107, no. 1 (April 24, 2022): 16489–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/10701.16489ecst.

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Variations in the predictable level of heavy metals ions have an uncompromising influence on living being and their surroundings. Real sample analysis was used to identify the heavy metal ions by using colorimetric and fluorescence techniques. The interaction of metal ions with the receptor has produced observable signals as measured by its photophysical changes. Nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds are the greatest weapons for identifying heavy metal ions, owing to their diverse reactivity, readily available substrate, and exquisite photophysical property. The main goal of this mini-review is to examine the current advancements in the structural analysis of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound-based fluorescence and colorimetric sensors. The interaction between receptor and metal by electron transfer mechanism and its wide applications have been developed and used for the sensing of heavy metal ions in the past ten years by various research groups about selectivity, sensitivity, reversibility, pH effect, stoichiometric ratio, binding constant, LOD values, and real-time applications.
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Avdeev, Ya G., and Yu I. Kuznetsov. "High-temperature corrosion of steels in acid solutions. Part 3. Inhibitory protection of steel by nitrogen-containing heterocyclic organic compounds and inorganic oxidants. Review." Corrosion: Materials, Protection, no. 2 (February 2021): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.31044/1813-7016-2021-0-2-1-23.

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The literature and patent data on the protection of steels in high-temperature acid solutions by nitrogen-containing heterocyclic organic compounds and inhibitors of oxidative type were summarized. Composite inhibitors based on substituted triazoles can provide effective protection of low-carbon and chromium-nickel steels in these environments (200 °С). The mechanism of the protective action of these inhibitors is based on the ability of substituted triazoles to form on the steel surface in acid solutions the protective layers chemically bonded to the metal surface. Often these protective layers are basically composed of a polymer complex compound containing triazole molecules and Fe cations (in the case of nickel-chromium steels — Ni and Cr). It is noted that oxidizing additives can be used to protect steels which are in high-temperature acidic media at a passive state. Using the example of corrosion of chromium-nickel steel in H3PO4 solutions (130 °C), it is shown that additives of oxidants (Cu(II) and NO3–) stabilize the passive state of the metal in this medium, preventing the possibility of its active dissolution. Based on analysis of the literature data, a conclusion was made about the prospects of using compositions based on nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds for protecting steels in high-temperature acidic environments. These compositions are superior in important technological parameters to mixed inhibitors based on unsaturated organic compounds.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "METAL-CONTAINING COMPOUND"

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陳淑恆 and Suk-hang Chan. "Synthesis of diazacrown ether and transition metal containing polymersby atom transfer radical polymerization and other methods." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3124287X.

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Chan, Suk-hang. "Synthesis of diazacrown ether and transition metal containing polymers by atom transfer radical polymerization and other methods /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25212102.

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Lukacs, Michael James, and University of Lethbridge Faculty of Arts and Science. "Thermodynamics of 3+ metal cation containing systems." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Faculty of Arts and Science, 2003, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/187.

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Measurements of relative densities and relative massic heat capacities have been made for several aqueous rare earth chloride and perchlorate systems. Densities and relative massic heat capacities of acidified aqueous perchlorates of yttrium, ytterbium, dysprosium, and samarium as well as the chlorides of yttrium, ytterbium, dysprosium, samarium and gadolinium have been measured at the temperatures 288.15, 298.15, 313.5 and 328.15 K. Using the density and massic heat capacity data, apparent molar volumes and apparent molar heat capacities have been calculated. These data have been modeled using the Pitzer ion interaction approach as well as the Helgeson, Kirkham and Flowers equations of state. Apparent molar volumes and apparent molar heat capacities previously presented in the literature have been compared to the data presented here. single ion apparent molar volume and apparent molar heat capacity contributions were calculated. Infinite dilution properties have been compared to existing models used to predict infinite dilution properties. Densities of aqueous perchloric acid and ytterbium perchlorate at the temperatures from 348.15 to 423.15 K and at pressured from 10.00 to 30.00 MPa were measured. Apparante molar volumes were calculated from the density measurements. The apparent molar volume data were modeled using Pitzer ion interaction theory as well as HKF equations of state. Models presented are compared to existing models.
xi, 149 leaves : ill. ; 29 cm.
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Keiller, B. T. "The vibrational spectra of metal cluster compounds containing organic ligands." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.383722.

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McIntosh, Alan Paton. "Reaction of phosphorus containing compounds with transition metal multiple bonds." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/30483.

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Hoppe, Martin Louis. "Characterization of the electronic structure of complexes containing metal-heteroatom multiple bonds." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184616.

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The electronic structure of a variety of metal-heteroatom multiply bonded complexes, including some active alkyne metathesis catalysts, have been investigated using He(I) and He(II) ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fenske-Hall molecular orbital calculations. Utilizing this electronic structure information, confirmation of the proposed mechanism for the alkyne metathesis reaction which involves formation of a metallacyclobutdienyl intermediate was ascertained. Also, the important relationships between metallatetrahedral and metallacyclobutadienyl complexes, both of which have been mentioned as possible intermediates in the alkyne metathesis reaction and for which examples have been prepared and isolated, are discussed in significant detail. In the final chapters the electronic structure of some corresponding metal-nitrogen triply bonded complexes are discussed as well as the results probing the charge distribution in metal-heteroatom multiply bonded systems as determined by the XPS experiment.
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Jiang, Faming. "Compounds containing an unbridged dative bond between two transition metal atoms." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape7/PQDD_0026/NQ51877.pdf.

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Robbie, Alasdair J. "The study of transition metal complexes of phosphorus-nitrogen containing compounds." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.433327.

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Cheng, Chung-chin. "Syntheses and photophysics of luminescent polynuclear coinage metal complexes with chalcogen and pnictogen containing bridging ligands /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B22956372.

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McMorn, Paul. "Oxidation of selected organic compounds using transition metal containing silicates and aluminophosphates." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.266048.

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Books on the topic "METAL-CONTAINING COMPOUND"

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S, Abd-El-Aziz Alaa, ed. Macromolecules containing metal and metal-like elements. Hoboken: Wiley-Interscience, 2003.

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S, Abd-El-Aziz Alaa, ed. Transition metal-containing polymers. Hoboken, N.J: Wiley, 2006.

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library, Wiley online, ed. Supramolecular and self-assembled metal-containing materials. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley, 2009.

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S, Abd-El-Aziz Alaa, ed. Nanoscale interactions of metal-containing polymers. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-Interscience, 2006.

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Photophysics and photochemistry of metal-containing polymers. Hoboken, N.J: Wiley-Blackwell, 2010.

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Keiller, B. T. The vibrational spectra of metal cluster compounds containing small organic ligands. Norwich: University of East Anglia, 1988.

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Nugent, William A. Metal-ligandmultiple bonds: The chemistry of transition metal complexes containing oxo, nitrido, imido, alkylidene, or alkylidyne ligands. New York: Wiley, 1988.

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Nugent, William A. Metal-ligand multiple bonds: The chemistry of transition metal complexes containing oxo, nitrido, imido, alkylidene, or alkylidyne ligands. New York: Wiley, 1988.

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Sellow, Khaled Ahmed F. Studies of the reactions of metal carbonyl complexes with phosphorus and nitrogen-containing ligands. Dublin: University College Dublin, 1998.

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Abd-El-Aziz, Alaa S., Charles E. Jr Carraher, Charles U. Jr Pittman, John E. Sheats, and Martel Zeldin. Macromolecules Containing Metal and Metal-Like Elements, A Half-Century of Metal- and Metalloid-Containing Polymers (Macromolecules Containing Metal and Metal-like Elements). Wiley-Interscience, 2003.

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Book chapters on the topic "METAL-CONTAINING COMPOUND"

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Neuse, Eberhard W. "Hydrophilic Macromolecular Ferricenium Salts — Part I: Preparative and Spectroscopic Features of Selected Mononuclear Ferricenium Compound." In Metal-Containing Polymeric Systems, 99–136. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-9415-4_6.

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Carraher, Charles E., and Charles U. Pittman. "Organometallic Compounds in Biomedical Applications." In Macromolecules Containing Metal and Metal-Like Elements, 1–18. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/0471683779.ch1.

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Majumdar, Moumita, and Jitendra K. Bera. "Transition-Metal-Based Linear Chain Compounds." In Macromolecules Containing Metal and Metal-Like Elements, 181–253. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470527085.ch5.

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Knorr, Michael, and Fabrice Guyon. "Luminescent Oligomeric and Polymeric Copper Coordination Compounds Assembled by Thioether Ligands." In Macromolecules Containing Metal and Metal-Like Elements, 89–158. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470604090.ch3.

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Neuse, Eberhard W., and Carol W. N. Mbonyana. "Synthesis of Polyaspartamide-Bound Ferrocene Compounds." In Inorganic and Metal-Containing Polymeric Materials, 139–50. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0669-6_8.

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Brunner, Henri. "Optically Active Transition Metal Compounds Containing Chiral Transition Metal Atoms." In Chemical Synthesis, 91–111. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0255-8_4.

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Roesky, Herbert W. "Metal Containing Compounds: Precursors for new Reactions and Materials." In Organic Synthesis via Organometallics (OSM 4), 115–30. Wiesbaden: Vieweg+Teubner Verlag, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-84062-2_9.

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Chipperfield, J. R. "In Coordination Compounds Containing a Group-IA-Transition-Metal or Inner-Transition-Metal Bond." In Inorganic Reactions and Methods, 330. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470145289.ch129.

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Chipperfield, J. R. "In Synthesis of Compounds Containing Lithium Bonded to a Transition Metal." In Inorganic Reactions and Methods, 331–32. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470145289.ch130.

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Chipperfield, J. R. "In Synthesis of Compounds Containing Sodium Bonded to a Transition Metal." In Inorganic Reactions and Methods, 332–33. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470145289.ch131.

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Conference papers on the topic "METAL-CONTAINING COMPOUND"

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Nishimoto, Kazutoshi, Kazuyoshi Saida, and Yasuyuki Fujiya. "Amelioration of Microcracking in Multipass Weld Metal of Alloy 690 by Adding Rare Earth Metals." In ASME 2009 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2009-77235.

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The effect of the addition of rare earth metals (REM) to the weld metal on the microcracking susceptibility in the multipass welds of alloy 690 was examined by using the La or Ce containing filler metals. The amounts of the La and Ce in the filler metal were varied in several levels. The microcracking susceptibility of the reheated weld metal was evaluated by the spot and transverse-Varestraint tests using pre-welded specimens made by GTAW. The augmented strain levels were varied from 0.50–2.44%. Cracks that occurred in the reheated weld metal evaluated by the Varestraint test could be classified into three types; ductility-dip, liquation and solidification cracking. The ductility-dip cracking susceptibility could be significantly improved by adding 0.01–0.025mass%REM to the weld metal. Adversely, the excessive REM addition led to the liquation and/or solidification cracking in the weld metal. Microstructural analyses revealed that phosphide and sulphide of La or Ce were formed in the REM containing weld metals, and Ni-La or Ni-Ce intermetallic compound was additionally identified in the excessively REM containing weld metals. High temperature tensile test indicated that hot ductility of the weld metal was ameliorated by adding 0.01–0.03mass%REM, implying that the ductility-dip cracking susceptibility was decreased as a result of lowering the grain boundary segregation of impurity elements such as P and S due to the scavenging effect of REM. The liquation and solidification cracking in the excessively REM containing weld metals were considered to be due to the formation of liquefiable intermetallic compounds of Ni and REM. The multipass welding test confirmed that microcracks in the multipass welds of alloy 690 were completely prevented by using the filler metals containing approx. 0.03mass%REM.
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Kauffman, Robert E. "Simple Analytical Techniques to Determine the Disperant Capacity and Metal Deactivator Additive Concentration of JP-8+100 and Other Jet Fuels." In ASME 1997 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exhibition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/97-gt-077.

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The US Air Force is developing an additive package to improve the thermal stability of JP-8 fuels by 100°F. Consequently, JP-8 fuels containing the developed additive package are referred to as JP-8+100 fuels. Field tests of the JP-8+100 fuels have shown that the additive package greatly reduces maintenance cost and labor in comparison to JP-8 fuels by minimizing fuel system malfunctions caused by fuel deposition, e.g., fuel control changeouts, combustor damage, etc. The developed additive package contains three components: antioxidant, dispersant/detergent, and metal deactivator. This paper presents simple analytical techniques that can be performed on-site or in the laboratory to determine the dispersant capacity and metal deactivator additive concentrations of JP-8+100 fuels. Since several dispersant/detergent candidates are being evaluated for use in the JP-8+100 additive package, the analytical techniques were developed to measure the dispersant capacity of the additive package instead of the concentration of one particular dispersant/detergent. The dispersant capacity test measures the ability of a fuel sample to suspend a metal oxide powder/water/isopropanol mixture. The dispersant capacity test can be used to identify jet fuels which contain the JP-8+100 additive package and to rate the dispersant capacity of a JP-8+100 fuel. In contrast to the dispersant capacity test, the metal deactivator additive (MDA) tests were designed to determine the concentration of N,N′-disalicylidene-1,2-propanediamine which is the primary MDA used in jet fuels. The MDA tests use fuel soluble compounds or aqueous extraction to chemically react MDA to form colored species. The color of the MDA compound is measured visually for qualitative determinations or spectrometrically for quantitative determinations. Combination of the different MDA tests allows MDA to be detected down to 0.1 ppm regardless of fuel color, age, or type.
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Faizan, Mohammad, and Guo-X. Wang. "Kinetics-Based Modeling of Bond-Metal Dissolution and IMC During Soldering." In ASME 2006 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2006-14658.

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Soldering has become an indispensable joining process in the electronic packaging industry. The industry is aiming for the use of environment friendly lead-free solders. All the lead-free solders are high tin-containing alloys. During the soldering process, an intense interaction of metallization on PCB and tin from the solder occurs at the metallization/solder interface. Intermetallic compound (IMC) is formed at the interface and subsequently PCB bond-metal (substrate) is dissolved into the molten solder. In the present study the terms bond-metal and substrate will be used interchangeably and the term 'substrate' refers to the top layer of the PCB which comes in contact with the molten solder during soldering reaction. Thickness of the intermetallic phase formed at the joint interface and amount of substrate lost is critical in achieving reliable solder joints. During the wet phase of soldering process, the IMC does not grow as layered structure; rather it takes the shape of scallops. The growth of scalloped IMC during the solder/substrate interaction entails complicated physics. Understanding of the actual kinetics involved in the formation of IMC phase is important in controlling the process to achieve desired results. This paper presents theoretical analysis of the kinetics involved in the formation of the scalloped intermetallic phase. The intermetallic phase growth is experimentally investigated to support the underlying kinetics of the process. Numerical model has been suggested to translate the physics of the process. The model is based on the basic mass diffusion equations and can predict the substrate dissolution and IMC thickness as a function of soldering time.
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Stewart, M. W. A., S. A. Moricca, B. D. Begg, R. A. Day, C. R. Scales, E. R. Maddrell, and A. B. Eilbeck. "Flexible Process Options for the Immobilisation of Residues and Wastes Containing Plutonium." In The 11th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2007-7246.

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Residues and waste streams containing plutonium present unique technical, safety, regulatory, security, and sociopolitical challenges. In the UK these streams range from lightly plutonium contaminated materials (PCM) through to residues resulting directly from Pu processing operations. In addition there are potentially stocks of Pu oxide powders whose future designation may be either a waste or an asset, due to their levels of contamination making their reuse uneconomic, or to changes in nuclear policy. While waste management routes exist for PCM, an immobilisation process is required for streams containing higher levels of Pu. Such a process is being developed by Nexia Solutions and ANSTO to treat and immobilise Pu waste and residues currently stored on the Sellafield site. The characteristics of these Pu waste streams are highly variable. The physical form of the Pu waste ranges from liquids, sludges, powders/granules, to solid components (e.g., test fuels), with the Pu present as an ion in solution, as a salt, metal, oxide or other compound. The chemistry of the Pu waste streams also varies considerably with a variety of impurities present in many waste streams. Furthermore, with fissile isotopes present, criticality is an issue during operations and in the store or repository. Safeguards and security concerns must be assessed and controlled. The process under development, by using a combination of tailored waste form chemistry combined with flexible process technology aims to develop a process line to handle a broad range of Pu waste streams. It aims to be capable of dealing with not only current arisings but those anticipated to arise as a result of future operations or policy changes.
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Yasuike, Y., S. Iwasa, K. Suzuki, H. Kobayashi, O. Amano, and Nobuaki Sato. "Recycle of Zr Metal From Hull Wastes by Treatment of Chlorination and Metalization." In ASME 2003 9th International Conference on Radioactive Waste Management and Environmental Remediation. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2003-4626.

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This research evaluated the applicability of chlorination reaction treatment as processing technology to recover Zr metal which becomes reusable resources from radioactive Zr metal wastes. The typical waste generates from reprocessing facilities, and the main component of waste is a zirconium alloy containing 90–95% of Zr. At first, the volatility of ZrCl4 produced by the chlorination reaction of Zircaloy-2 was theoretically calculated with thermodynamic simulation code. The estimation showed that Zr could be effectively separated and recovered from this alloy by the difference of volatility in each element chloride. The chlorination reaction of metal proceeds as an exothermic reaction and the control of the reaction temperature is an important condition in order to perform optimal Zr separation recovery. The chlorination reaction of Zircaloy-2 was carried out in the low-temperature ranges of 220°C–320°C, and Zr separation performance was experimentally obtained. Zr and Sn (1.5wt% content in Zircaloy-2) volatilize 100% as chlorides at 270°C or higher temperature. The amounts of volatilization of Cr and Ni are 5% and 0.1% or less, respectively. Such volatile ability is well in agreement with the result of thermodynamic calculation quantitatively. The volatile behavior of Fe (0.2wt% or less content) in Zircaloy-2 is influenced by the product of FeCl2 which is due to the heat decomposition of FeCl3 with larger volatility, and the experimental volatility is smaller than the theoretical one. 60Co produced in the radioactivated Co by neutron radiation is a highest radioactivity source in the hull waste and it should be completely separated and removed from the recovered Zr chloride. In this study, the metal powder of Co was used to measure the volatility, because the content of Co in Zircaloy-2 is very small quantity (20 ppm or less), The obtained volatility was a hundredth of the volatility of thermodynamics calculation. U and Cs also intermingle in the hull wastes by the solid solution or the adhesion of uranium fuel. The volatility of Cs and U in the chlorination reaction at 270°C was measured by using CsCl, and UO2 in the coexistence of Zircaloy-2. The volatility of UO2 and CsCl was 4times and thousand times higher than that without the alloy, respectively. The exothermic reaction in the chlorination of metal was inferred. However, the volatility did not influence the effective ability of decontamination for the recovered Zr chloride. In order to recover the high-level decontaminated Zr chloride from radioactive nuclides, it is necessary to efficiently remove radioactive nuclides, which are the sources of high radioactivity due to 60Co, 63Ni and 137Cs. It was evaluated that a chemical addition treatment in which the amounts of radioactive nuclides relatively decreases by the amounts of radioactive nuclides relatively decreases by the amount of added stable isotopes of chemical compound was a effective treatment, on basis of the calculation of volatility of each element. The addition treatment of chemical compound performs in the distillation of Zr chloride obtained by the chlorination of hull waste. This study showed that a basic process of the high-level decontaminated Zr recovery consists of the two-step process of both chlorination reaction of the hull waste and distillation treatment of Zr chloride in addition of chemical compound.
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Benjamin, Ellis, Karan Arora, Lamarque Coke, and Earl Benjamin. "Modification of hydroxamic acid containing compounds for improved metal chelation." In The 20th International Electronic Conference on Synthetic Organic Chemistry. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecsoc-20-e011.

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Woon, David. "ICE-SURFACE CHEMISTRY OF MgNC AND OTHER METAL-CONTAINING COMPOUNDS." In 2022 International Symposium on Molecular Spectroscopy. Urbana, Illinois: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.15278/isms.2022.fg04.

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Kobotaeva, N. S., and T. S. Skorokhodova. "Removal of sulfur compounds from diesel fuel using metal-containing ionic liquids." In PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCED MATERIALS WITH HIERARCHICAL STRUCTURE FOR NEW TECHNOLOGIES AND RELIABLE STRUCTURES 2019. AIP Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5132031.

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Steimle, Timothy C. "Optical detection and characterization of transition metal containing molecular beams." In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1992.mkk4.

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The most insightful molecular information comes from the analysis of optical spectra recorded at a resolution sufficient to resolve splittings associated with the fine interactions (rotational, spin–rotation, etc.), hyperfine interactions (Fermi contact, quadrupole, etc.), and the application of external fields (Stark and Zeeman). In the case of freely rotating metal containing polyatomic molecules this requires the combination of a “cold” molecular beam sample preparation, spectral resolution of cw-dye laser excitation, and the sensitivity of laser induced fluorescence. A review of our application of these approaches to diatomic and polyatomic metal containing compounds will be given. A comparison of the applicability of conventional effusive ovens to produce “hot” molecular beams, with laser ablation/reactant and “pickup” methods used to generate “cold” beams will be made. The spectroscopic techniques described include optical Stark LIF and microwave-optical double resonance using the pump/probe detection scheme (MODR-P/P). The MODR-P/P is particularly useful in complex molecular systems because it exploits the sensitivity of LIF detection, while probing only the ground electronic state. We have demonstrated that this technique is compatible with the laser ablation/reactant scheme. The molecular systems to be considered are transition metal oxides and the alakaline earth monocynides.
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Zhang, Yi, Yan Luo, Jian-Qian Hu, Tao Zhang, and Yun-Yun Xu. "Tribological Performances and Mechanism of Bismuth Dialkyl-Dithiocarbamate Additive." In STLE/ASME 2008 International Joint Tribology Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ijtc2008-71016.

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A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the tribological performance of bismuth diamyl-dithiocarbamate in mineral oil, and compared with same types of metal additives. The results show that it exhibits better load-carrying capacities than said organic metal additives. The surface analytical tools such as X-ray photoelectron spectrometer (XPS) and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to investigate the topography, the compositions contents and the depth profile of some typical elements on the rubbing surface of worn scar. Smooth topography of worn scar further confirms that the additive showed good antiwear capacities, the results of XPS indicated that tribochemical mixed protective films consists of bismuth compounds, sulfides, sulphates and metal oxides, which contribute to improve the tribological properties of lubricants. Particularly, a larger number of bismuth containing compounds play an important role in improving extreme pressure properties of oils.
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Reports on the topic "METAL-CONTAINING COMPOUND"

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Akinleye, Taiwo, Idil Deniz Akin, Amanda Hohner, Indranil Chowdhury, Richards Watts, Xianming Shi, Brendan Dutmer, James Mueller, and Will Moody. Evaluation of Electrochemical Treatment for Removal of Arsenic and Manganese from Field Soil. Illinois Center for Transportation, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/21-019.

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Soils containing inorganic compounds are frequently encountered by transportation agencies during construction within the right-of-way, and they pose a threat to human health and the environment. As a result, construction activities may experience project delays and increased costs associated with management of inorganic compounds containing soils required to meet environmental regulations. Recalcitrance of metal-contaminated soils toward conventional treatment technologies is exacerbated in clay or organic content-rich fine-grained soils with low permeability and high sorption capacity because of increased treatment complexity, cost, and duration. The objective of this study was to develop an accelerated in situ electrochemical treatment approach to extract inorganic compounds from fine-grained soils, with the treatment time comparable to excavation and off-site disposal. Three reactor experiments were conducted on samples collected from two borehole locations from a field site in Illinois that contained arsenic (As)(~7.4 mg/kg) and manganese (Mn)(~700 mg/kg). A combination of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and/or citrate buffer solution was used to treat the soils. A low-intensity electrical field was applied to soil samples using a bench-scale reactor that resembles field-scale in situ electrochemical systems. For the treatment using 10% H2O2 and citrate buffer solution, average removal of 23% and 8% were achieved for Mn and As, respectively. With 4% H2O2 and citrate buffer, 39% and 24% removal were achieved for Mn and As; while using only citrate buffer as the electrolyte, 49% and 9% removal were achieved for Mn and As, respectively. All chemical regimes adopted in this study reduced the inorganic compound concentrations to below the maximum allowable concentration for Illinois as specified by the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency. The results from this work indicate that electrochemical systems that leverage low concentrations of hydrogen peroxide and citrate buffer can be effective for remediating soils containing manganese and arsenic.
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Dunkerton, L., C. Hinckley, J. Tyrrell, and P. Robinson. Interactions of sulfur-containing compounds with transition metal clusters and metal surfaces III. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/7019171.

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Seyferth, Dietmar. Applications of Transition Metal Compounds in the Preparation of Useful Silicon-Containing Ceramics. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada264028.

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Adams, Richard D. Studies of the Transformations of Sulfur Containing Heterocycles by Transition Metal Cluster Compounds. Final Report, June 1, 1995 - October 31, 1999. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/803362.

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Kanner, Joseph, Dennis Miller, Ido Bartov, John Kinsella, and Stella Harel. The Effect of Dietary Iron Level on Lipid Peroxidation of Muscle Food. United States Department of Agriculture, January 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1995.7604282.bard.

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Biological oxidations are almost exclusively metal ion-promoted reactions and in ths respect iron, being the most abundant, is the commonly involved. The effect of dietary iron levels on pork, turkey and chick muscle lipid peroxidation and various other related compounds were evaluated. Crossbred feeder pigs were fed to market weight on corn-soy rations containing either 62, 131 or 209 ppm iron. After slaughter, the muscles were dissected, cooked and stored at 4°C. Heavily fortifying swine rations with iron (>200 ppm) increase nn-heme iron (NHI), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and decrease a-tocopherol in cooked stored pork but did not increase warmed-over aroma (WOA). NHI and TBARS were higher in cooked pork from pigs fed high-iron diets. Liver iron correlated with muscle iron. TBARS were strongly related with WOA. The role of dietary vitamin E and ascorbic acid on Fe-induced in vivo lipid peroxidation in swine was also evaluated. Moderate elevation in iron stores had a marked effect on oxidative stress, especially as indicated by liver TBARS. Supplemental vitamin E, and to a lesser extent vitamin C, protect against this oxidative stress. Unsupplementation of Fe in the regular diet of turkeys did not affect body weight, blood hemoglobin level, or iron pool in the liver or muscle. The reason being that it contained "natural" ~120 mg Fe/kg feed, and this amount is high enough to keep constant the pool of iron in the body, liver or muscle tissues. Only Fe-supplementation with high amounts of Fe (500 ppm) significantly increased turkey blood hemoglobin and total iron in the liver, in 1 out of 3 experiments, but only slightly affects iron pool in the muscles. It seems that the liver accumulates very high concentations of iron and significantly regulates iron concentration in skeletal muscles. For this reason, it was very difficult to decrease muscle stability in turkeys through a diet containing high levels of Fe-supplementation. It was shown that the significant increase in the amount of iron (total and "free") in the muscle by injections with Fe-dextran accelerated its lipid peroxidation rate and decreased its a-tocopherol concentration. The level and metabolism of iron in the muscles affects the intensity of in vivo lipid peroxidation. This process was found to ifluence the turnover and accumulation of a-tocopherol in turkey and chick muscles. Treatments which could significantly decrease the amount and metabolism of iron pool in muscle tissues (or other organs) may affect the rate of lipid peroxidation and the turnover of a-tocopherol. Several defense enzymes were determined and found in the turkey muscle, such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase. Glutathione peroxidase was more active in muscles with a high trend of lipid peroxidation, lmore so in drumsticks than in breast muscles, or muscles with a low a-tocopherol content. The activity of glutathione peroxidase increased several fold in muscle stored at 4°C. Our work demonstrated that it will be much more practical to increase the stability of muscle tissues in swine, turkeys and chickens during storage and processing by increasing the amount of vitamin E in the diet than by withdrawing iron supplementation.
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