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Journal articles on the topic 'Metal atom chemistry'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 2 February 2022

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1

Boudalis, Athanassios K., Vassilios Nastopoulos, Aris Terzis, Catherine P. Raptopoulou, and Spyros P. Perlepes. "Reaction between Yttrium Nitrate and 2,2':6',2"-Terpyridine (terpy) in MeCN: Preparation, Crystal Structures and Spectroscopic Characterization of [Y (NO3)3(terpy)(H2O )] and [Y(NO3)3(terpy)(H2O )] · terpy · 3 MeCN." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 56, no. 2 (February 1, 2001): 122–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-2001-0202.

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Abstract The reaction of Y(NO3)3 · 5H2O and 2,2':6',2"-terpyridine (terpy) in MeCN leads to [Y(N03 )3(terpy)(H2O )] (1) and [Y(N03 )3(terpy)(H2O )] terpy-3MeCN (2) in good yields depending on the isolation conditions. The structures of both complexes were determined by single-crystal X-ray crystallography. The YIII atom in 1 is 9-coordinate and ligation is provided by one terdentate terpy molecule, two chelating nitrates, one monodentate nitrate and one terminal H2O molecule; the coordination polyhedron about the metal may be viewed as a tricapped trigonal prism. The YIII atom in 2 is 10-coordinate and its coordination sphere consists of three nitrogen atoms from the terdentate terpy, six oxygen atoms from the three chelating nitrates (one of them being “anisobidentate”) and one oxygen atom from a terminal H2O molecule; the polyhedron about the metal may be viewed as a distorted sphenocorona. The interstitial terpy is strongly hydrogen-bonded to the O atom of the coordinated H2O molecule to form [Y(NO3 )3(terpy)(H20)] ··· terpy pairs. The new complexes were characterized by IR and 1H NMR spectroscopies. The YIII/NO3-/terpy chemistry is compared to the already well-developed LnIII/NO3-/terpy chemistry (Ln = lanthanide).

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2

Melnik, Milan, Markku Rafael Sundberg, and Rolf Uggla. "Analysis of crystallographic and structural data of polymeric iron-alkaline metal complexes." Main Group Metal Chemistry 34, no. 5-6 (December 1, 2011): 93–126. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mgmc-2012-0900.

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Abstract The present review covers almost 100 polymeric MFe (M=Li, Na, K, Rb, and Cs) compounds. The metal atoms of group 1 as partners with iron atom build up complex polymeric chains. The iron atoms are found in the oxidation states 0, +2, and +3, of which the oxidation state +3 prevails. The coordination number of the iron atom ranges from 2 to 10 (sandwiched). The coordination sphere about the main group 1 metals varies, ranging from tetrahedral to mostly trigonal bipyramid. There are also higher coordination numbers involved, namely, from 6 to 10. The most common ligand atoms are oxygen and nitrogen. There are three compounds displaying distortion isomerism. Several relationships between structural parameters are found and discussed.

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3

Cabeza, Javier A., Ignacio del Río, Pablo García-Álvarez, and Daniel Miguel. "Hexaruthenium and octaruthenium carbonyl cluster complexes derived from 2-amino-6-methylpyridine Novel coordination modes for 2-imidopyridines." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 84, no. 2 (February 1, 2006): 105–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v05-228.

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The hexanuclear ruthenium cluster [Ru6(µ3-H)2(µ-H)2(µ4-κ2-ampy)2(CO)14] (1) and the octanuclear one [Ru8(µ-H)(µ4-κ2-ampy)3(µ3-κ2-Hampy)(µ-CO)2(CO)15] (2) have been prepared by treating [Ru6(µ3-H)2(µ5-κ2-ampy)(µ-CO)2(CO)14] with 2-amino-6-methylpyridine (H2ampy) in decane at reflux temperature. Their metal atoms are supported by ligands that derive from the activation of one (complex 2) or both NH bonds (complexes 1 and 2) of the H2ampy amino fragment. Both contain at least one ampy ligand featuring an unprecedented coordination type: the imido N atom caps a triangle of metal atoms while the pyridine nitrogen is attached to an additional metal atom. One of the ampy ligands of cluster 2 also displays another unprecedented coordination type: it caps a distorted square of metal atoms through the imido N atom while the pyridine nitrogen is attached to one of the atoms included in that square.Key words: ruthenium, cluster compounds, amido ligands, imido ligands.

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4

Zhao, Lili, Chaoqun Chai, Wolfgang Petz, and Gernot Frenking. "Carbones and Carbon Atom as Ligands in Transition Metal Complexes." Molecules 25, no. 21 (October 26, 2020): 4943. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25214943.

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This review summarizes experimental and theoretical studies of transition metal complexes with two types of novel metal-carbon bonds. One type features complexes with carbones CL2 as ligands, where the carbon(0) atom has two electron lone pairs which engage in double (σ and π) donation to the metal atom [M]⇇CL2. The second part of this review reports complexes which have a neutral carbon atom C as ligand. Carbido complexes with naked carbon atoms may be considered as endpoint of the series [M]-CR3 → [M]-CR2 → [M]-CR → [M]-C. This review includes some work on uranium and cerium complexes, but it does not present a complete coverage of actinide and lanthanide complexes with carbone or carbide ligands.

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5

Severin, Kay. "Synthetic chemistry with nitrous oxide." Chemical Society Reviews 44, no. 17 (2015): 6375–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5cs00339c.

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Nitrous oxide (N₂O, ‘laughing gas’) is a very inert molecule. Still, it can be used as a reagent in synthetic organic and inorganic chemistry, serving as O-atom donor, as N-atom donor, or as a oxidant in metal-catalyzed reactions.

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6

Joly, Helen A., Maria Kepes, Natalie Roy, and Jason Prpic. "The reactivity of the high-energy intermediates formed in the reactions of Group 13 metal atoms and aromatic alkenes." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 76, no. 4 (April 1, 1998): 400–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v98-033.

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Group 13 metal atoms were reacted with aromatic alkenes in a specialized metal atom reactor known as a "rotating cryostat." The nature of the intermediates formed was deduced from a GC-MS study of their hydrolysis and deuterolysis products. The product studies suggest that 2-phenylaluminacyclopropane, cis- and trans-3,4-diphenylaluminacyclopentane, and cis- and trans- 2,4-diphenylaluminacyclopentane are formed when Al atoms react with styrene, and 2-methyl-2-phenylaluminacyclopropane and 3,4-dimethyl- 3,4-diphenylaluminacyclopentane are formed when Al atoms react with α -methylstyrene. These findings are consistent with the radicals detected in the EPR spectroscopic studies of Al-alkene reaction mixtures prepared under similar conditions. Mechanisms for the formation of the organoaluminium intermediates are discussed. Analogous organogallium intermediates are formed when gallium atoms react with styrene. The reductive coupling of styrene did not occur when In and Tl atoms were used. Only trace quantities of phenylethane were detected in the hydrolyzed reaction mixture.Key words: Group 13 metal atoms, aluminium atoms, organoaluminium intermediates, metal atom reactions.

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7

Scharfe, Sandra, and Thomas F. Fässler. "Polyhedral nine-atom clusters of tetrel elements and intermetalloid derivatives." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 368, no. 1915 (March 28, 2010): 1265–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2009.0270.

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Homoatomic polyanions have the basic capability for a bottom-up synthesis of nanostructured materials. Therefore, the chemistry and the structures of polyhedral nine-atom clusters of tetrel elements [E 9 ] 4− is highlighted. The nine-atom Zintl ions are available in good quantities for E = Si–Pb as binary alkali metal (A) phases of the composition A 4 E 9 or A 12 E 17 . Dissolution or extraction of the neat solids with aprotic solvents and crystallization with alkali metal-sequestering molecules or crown ethers leads to a large variety of structures containing homoatomic clusters with up to 45 E atoms. Cluster growth occurs via oxidative coupling reactions. The clusters can further act as a donor ligand in transition metal complexes, which is a first step to the formation of bimetallic clusters. The structures and some nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic properties of these so-called intermetalloid clusters are reviewed, with special emphasis on tetrel clusters that are endohedrally filled with transition metal atoms.

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8

Hulva, Jan, Matthias Meier, Roland Bliem, Zdenek Jakub, Florian Kraushofer, Michael Schmid, Ulrike Diebold, Cesare Franchini, and Gareth S. Parkinson. "Unraveling CO adsorption on model single-atom catalysts." Science 371, no. 6527 (January 21, 2021): 375–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.abe5757.

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Understanding how the local environment of a “single-atom” catalyst affects stability and reactivity remains a challenge. We present an in-depth study of copper1, silver1, gold1, nickel1, palladium1, platinum1, rhodium1, and iridium1 species on Fe3O4(001), a model support in which all metals occupy the same twofold-coordinated adsorption site upon deposition at room temperature. Surface science techniques revealed that CO adsorption strength at single metal sites differs from the respective metal surfaces and supported clusters. Charge transfer into the support modifies the d-states of the metal atom and the strength of the metal–CO bond. These effects could strengthen the bond (as for Ag1–CO) or weaken it (as for Ni1–CO), but CO-induced structural distortions reduce adsorption energies from those expected on the basis of electronic structure alone. The extent of the relaxations depends on the local geometry and could be predicted by analogy to coordination chemistry.

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9

Chen, Taoyi, and Thomas A. Manz. "A collection of forcefield precursors for metal–organic frameworks." RSC Advances 9, no. 63 (2019): 36492–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ra07327b.

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Atom-in-material (AIM) partial charges, dipoles and quadrupoles, dispersion coefficients (C₆, C₈, C₁₀), polarizabilities, electron cloud parameters, radial moments, and atom types were extracted from quantum chemistry calculations for >3000 MOFs.

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10

Klabunde, Kenneth J., Yong Xi Li, and Beng Jit Tan. "Solvated metal atom dispersed catalysts." Chemistry of Materials 3, no. 1 (January 1991): 30–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cm00013a013.

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11

Mancheno-Posso, Pablo, and Anthony J. Muscat. "Surface Chemistry of GaAs(100) and InAs(100) Etching with Tartaric Acid." Solid State Phenomena 219 (September 2014): 52–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.219.52.

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Incorporating substrates with higher charge mobilities than Si and Ge in metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs) would extend the scaling of this device architecture. III-V semiconductors are candidates, and etching and passivation processes are needed that are selective and yield smooth surfaces. The (100) face of III-V compounds contains both electron-deficient group III (Ga, In) atoms and electron-rich group V (P, As, Sb) atoms. Etching InP(100) in a mixture of HCl and H2O2 chlorinates the In (group III) atom forming a soluble product [1,2], yet the P (group V) atom is more reactive and is depleted from the surface [3]. α-Hydroxy acids (lactic, citric, malic, and tartaric) have been shown to bind to the group III atom [3] and could promote more uniform etching. This paper compares the surface chemistry of GaAs and InAs after etching in HCl and H2O2 mixtures with and without tartaric acid.

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12

Weiß, Dana, Annette Schier, and Hubert Schmidbaur. "2-Diphenylphosphino-phenoI as a Ligand for Mono- and Poly-Nuclear Complexes of Manganese, Cobalt, Nickel, Zinc, and Cadmium." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 53, no. 11 (November 1, 1998): 1307–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-1998-1112.

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2-Diphenylphosphino-phenol was chosen as an ambivalent (hard/soft) chelating ligand for biologically important first row transition metals. The expected mode of complexation is relevant to trapping of metal ions in humic acids and related environmental ion exchange systems with phenolate functions. The 1:2 complex with nickel(II) is known to have a standard mononuclear square-planar structure, and experimental evidence suggests that the new cobalt(II) complex is analogous. By contrast, zinc and cadmium were found to give novel trinulear complexes [M3(2- Ph2P-C6H4O)6], M = Zn, Cd. In a chain of three metal atoms, the octahedrally coordinated central atom resides on a center of inversion and is solely oxygen-bound [MO6], while the two peripheral metal atoms are in a mixed coordination environment [fac-MO3P3], The analogous manganese(II) complex crystallizes as a net trihydrate, where two different trinuclear units are present in the lattice. One is of a new type and represents a centrosymmetrical hexahydrate [Mn3(2-Ph2P-C6H4 0)6(OH2)6]. The central part is an octahedral [Mn(OH2)6]2+ dication, which is hydrogen-bonded to two [Mn(2 -Ph2P-C6H4O)3]- anions. The nickel(II) complex was found to form 1:1 adducts with ZnCl2 or ZnBr2. The two complexes are isomorphous. In the adduct structure the zinc atom is attached to the two oxygen atoms of the nickel compound leaving the remainder of the molecular geometry largely unchanged. Together with the two halogen atoms a tetrahedral environment [ZnO2X2] is formed (X = Cl, Br), while the nickel atom retains its square planar [NiO2P2] environment.

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13

Salzer, A. "Nomenclature of Organometallic Compounds of the Transition Elements (IUPAC Recommendations 1999)." Pure and Applied Chemistry 71, no. 8 (August 30, 1999): 1557–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac199971081557.

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Organometallic compounds are defined as containing at least one metal-carbon bond between an organic molecule, ion, or radical and a metal. Organometallic nomenclature therefore usually combines the nomenclature of organic chemisty and that of coordination chemistry. Provisional rules outlining nomenclature for such compounds are found both in Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry, 1979 and in Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry, 1990This document describes the nomenclature for organometallic compounds of the transition elements, that is compounds with metal-carbon single bonds, metal-carbon multiple bonds as well as complexes with unsaturated molecules (metal-p-complexes).Organometallic compounds are considered to be produced by addition reactions and so they are named on an addition principle. The name therefore is built around the central metal atom name. Organic ligand names are derived according to the rules of organic chemistry with appropriate endings to indicate the different bonding modes. To designate the points of attachment of ligands in more complicated structures, the h, k, and m-notations are used. The final section deals with the abbreviated nomenclature for metallocenes and their derivatives.ContentsIntroduction Systems of Nomenclature2.1 Binary type nomenclature 2.2 Substitutive nomenlcature 2.3 Coordination nomenclature Coordination Nomenclature3.1 General definitions of coordination chemistry 3.2 Oxidation numbers and net charges 3.3 Formulae and names for coordination compounds Nomenclature for Organometallic Compounds of Transition Metals 4.1 Valence-electron-numbers and the 18-valence-electron-rule 4.2 Ligand names 4.2.1 Ligands coordinating by one metal-carbon single bond 4.2.2 Ligands coordinating by several metal-carbon single bonds 4.2.3 Ligands coordinating by metal-carbon multiple bonds 4.2.4 Complexes with unsaturated molecules or groups 4.3 Metallocene nomenclature

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14

Nakamura, Eiichi, and Masaya Sawamura. "Chemistry of η5-fullerene metal complexes." Pure and Applied Chemistry 73, no. 2 (January 1, 2001): 355–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac200173020355.

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Treatment of [60]fullerene with an organocopper reagent converts one of the pentagons of the fullerene into cyclopentadienyl anion through addition of five organic groups on every peripheral carbon atom surrounding the pentagon. Similar treatment of [70]fullerene afforded indenyl anion through regioselective tri-addition of the organic group. These anionic moieties strongly interact with the remainder of the fullerene p-system, and provide unique opportunity for exploration of organometallic chemistry of a new class of metal cyclopentadienides.

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15

Petek, Urša, Francisco Ruiz-Zepeda, Marjan Bele, and Miran Gaberšček. "Nanoparticles and Single Atoms in Commercial Carbon-Supported Platinum-Group Metal Catalysts." Catalysts 9, no. 2 (February 1, 2019): 134. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal9020134.

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Nanoparticles of platinum-group metals (PGM) on carbon supports are widely used as catalysts for a number of chemical and electrochemical conversions on laboratory and industrial scale. The newly emerging field of single-atom catalysis focuses on the ultimate level of metal dispersion, i.e. atomically dispersed metal species anchored on the substrate surface. However, the presence of single atoms in traditional nanoparticle-based catalysts remains largely overlooked. In this work, we use aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscope to investigate four commercially available nanoparticle-based PGM/C catalysts (PGM = Ru, Rh, Pd, Pt). Annular dark-field (ADF) images at high magnifications reveal that in addition to nanoparticles, single atoms are also present on the surface of carbon substrates. Scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and size distribution analysis show that the materials vary in nanoparticle size and type of carbon support. These observations raise questions about the possible ubiquitous presence of single atoms in conventional nanoparticle PGM/C catalysts and the role they may play in their synthesis, activity, and stability. We critically discuss the observations with regard to the quickly developing field of single atom catalysis.

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Burns, Richard P., Kenneth A. Gabriel, and Daniel E. Pierce. "Metal Atom-Ceramic Binding Energies." Journal of the American Ceramic Society 76, no. 2 (February 1993): 273–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.1993.tb03779.x.

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17

Herber, Rolfe H., and Israel Nowik. "Metal Atom Dynamics of Organotin Compounds." Phosphorus, Sulfur, and Silicon and the Related Elements 186, no. 6 (June 1, 2011): 1336–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10426507.2010.543103.

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18

Vlčková, Blanka, Bohuslav Strauch, and Milan Horák. "Measurement and interpretation of infrared and raman spectra of bis(2,4-pentandionate)complexes of Cu(II) and Pd(II)." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 50, no. 2 (1985): 306–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19850306.

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Infrared and Raman spectra of Cu(II) bis(2,4-pentandionate) and Pd(II) bis(2,4-pentandionate) complexes have been measured and interpreted. The coincidence of numerous bands in the IR and Raman spectra has been explained by the isolation effect of the heavy central metal atom which prevents the vibrational interaction of the two ligands in the chelate molecule with each other. An 11-particle model consisting of all the atoms of one ligand (both CH3 groups are taken as the point masses), a central metal atom and two oxygen atoms of the other ligand has been proved to be most adequate for the empirical interpretation of the spectra.

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19

DUFOUR, J. J., X. J. C. DUFOUR, and J. D. VINKO. "PICO-CHEMISTRY: THE POSSIBILITY OF NEW PHASES IN SOME HYDROGEN/METAL SYSTEMS." International Journal of Modern Physics B 27, no. 15 (June 4, 2013): 1362038. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979213620385.

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In the standard model, matter is an assembly of quarks that combine under the action of the strong nuclear force to give nucleons (protons and neutrons), further giving atom nuclei that under the action of the electromagnetic force combine with electrons to render atoms and molecules. Each of these interactions has a well defined range of binding energies. A novel type of purely electromagnetic interaction is proposed, with binding energies and dimensions between chemistry and nuclear. This type of binding could result in completely novel materials (super-conductivity) and potential energy production.

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20

REN, D. G. "AP-FIM INVESTIGATION OF THE INITIAL STAGE OF OXIDATION ON THE SURFACE OF ALLOYS." Surface Review and Letters 02, no. 02 (April 1995): 177–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218625x95000194.

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This paper reports a study of the initial stage of oxidation on the surface of alloys by field-ion microscopy and atom probe (AP-FIM). The samples used in this investigation contained Ni, Ni-Cr, Ni-Al, Ti-Al , and Pt-Rh metals and alloys. A clean-tip surface, after atom-probe analysis, was exposed in the atmosphere of residual oxygen (vacuum 10−4 torr) for a few hours. AP analysis found that a small quantity of oxygen was adsorbed on the surface of the alloys. The clusters of a combination of a metal atom with an oxygen, i.e., PtO +2, NiO +2, and TiO +2 were determined by AP. The experiment found that the binding energy between metal atom on the surface of alloys was reduced when oxygen was adsorbed on the surface. The binding energy of surface atoms was determined according to the field strength of the tip surface. The reduction of the binding energy was about 0.5–2.0 eV, which changed following the exposure period in the atmosphere and depending on the kind of alloys used. The difference in field-ion image due to adsorption of oxygen was observed as compared to without the oxygen. The results of the experiment show that oxygen was absorbed on the “clean surface” of alloys. First the oxygen molecule was dissociated to oxygen atoms by the reaction with metal atoms and then formed the metal-oxygen bonding (M+O→MO) . This is an initial stage of oxidation on the surface of alloys. The clusters of combining oxygen did not dissociate during the field-evaporation process with 4.5 V/Å field strength.

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21

Koutecky, Jaroslav, and Piercarlo Fantucci. "Theoretical aspects of metal atom clusters." Chemical Reviews 86, no. 3 (June 1986): 539–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cr00073a004.

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22

Holm, R. H. "Metal-centered oxygen atom transfer reactions." Chemical Reviews 87, no. 6 (December 1987): 1401–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cr00082a005.

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23

Li, Hai, Hai-xia Zhang, Xiao-li Yan, Bing-she Xu, and Jun-jie Guo. "Carbon-supported metal single atom catalysts." Carbon 134 (August 2018): 536. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2018.02.008.

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24

Eames, Emily V., Raúl Hernández Sánchez, and Theodore A. Betley. "Metal Atom Lability in Polynuclear Complexes." Inorganic Chemistry 52, no. 9 (April 23, 2013): 5006–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ic302694y.

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25

Altun, Zikri, Erdi Ata Bleda, and Carl Trindle. "Atoms in Highly Symmetric Environments: H in Rhodium and Cobalt Cages, H in an Octahedral Hole in MgO, and Metal Atoms Ca-Zn in C20 Fullerenes." Symmetry 13, no. 7 (July 16, 2021): 1281. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym13071281.

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An atom trapped in a crystal vacancy, a metal cage, or a fullerene might have many immediate neighbors. Then, the familiar concept of valency or even coordination number seems inadequate to describe the environment of that atom. This difficulty in terminology is illustrated here by four systems: H atoms in tetragonal-pyramidal rhodium cages, H atom in an octahedral cobalt cage, H atom in a MgO octahedral hole, and metal atoms in C20 fullerenes. Density functional theory defines structure and energetics for the systems. Interactions of the atom with its container are characterized by the quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) and the theory of non-covalent interactions (NCI). We establish that H atoms in H2Rh13(CO)243− trianion cannot be considered pentavalent, H atom in HCo6(CO)151− anion cannot be considered hexavalent, and H atom in MgO cannot be considered hexavalent. Instead, one should consider the H atom to be set in an environmental field defined by its 5, 6, and 6 neighbors; with interactions described by QTAIM. This point is further illustrated by the electronic structures and QTAIM parameters of M@C20, M=Ca to Zn. The analysis describes the systematic deformation and restoration of the symmetric fullerene in that series.

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Oeckler, Oliver, Hansjürgen Mattausch, Josef Bauer, and Arndt Simon. "Ordnung und Fehlordnung der Anionen in tetragonalen Boridcarbiden der Seltenerdmetalle / Order and Disorder of Anions in Tetragonal Boride Carbides of Rare Earth Metals." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 59, no. 11-12 (December 1, 2004): 1551–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-2004-11-1228.

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Compounds that feature the metal atom substructure of “La5B2C6” are known for most rare earth metals (Ln). They are characterized by two types of voids surrounded by large bicapped tetragonal antiprisms and smaller distorted octahedra, respectively. For many rare earth elements, a huge variation of lattice parameters has been observed for the corresponding compounds. A series of structure determinations has beed performed in order to elucidate the reasons for this remarkable stability range. The compounds of the earlier lanthanoids (La-Nd) exhibit broad ranges of homogeneity that are due to varying occupancy of octahedral voids which can be empty or filled by varying amounts of C atoms or C2 groups. However, the larger voids are fully occupied with disordered C3B groups. In most cases the disorder is completely statistical with only a few exceptions. In contrast, two different phases have been observed in the case of late rare earth metals (starting from Gd). Their ranges of homogeneity are moderate, and the larger voids are fully occupied by ordered CBC entities. The difference between these two types of phases concerns the octahedral voids which contain C atoms in the case of compounds with the idealized composition Ln5B2C5 and C2 groups for Ln5B2C6, respectively. Positional disorder is possible for both C atoms and C2 groups. Therefore, no single well-defined compound is known that possesses the metal atom arrangement of “La5B2C6”.

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Bruce, MI, and AH White. "Some Chemistry of Pentakis(methoxycarbonyl)cyclopentadiene, HC5(CO2Me)5, and Related Molecules." Australian Journal of Chemistry 43, no. 6 (1990): 949. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch9900949.

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This article summarizes the results of investigations into the chemistry of HC5(CO2Me)5 and, in particular, of metal complexes containing the C5(CO2Me)5 ligand . As an anion, the ligand is very stable, forming air-stable, water-soluble salts with many cations with coordination to the metal atom in the solid state generally occurring through the ester carbonyl groups. Second- and third-row transition metals form complexes which retain the covalent ligand-metal bond in solution, 'harder' metals coordinating by the ester carbonyl groups, while 'softer' metals are bound to the ring carbons; a variety of behaviour is shown by the Group 11 metals. Even when the ligand is η5-bonded to the metal, ready displacement by other ligands may occur, as found with Ru (η-C5H5){η5-C5(CO2Me)5}, for example. In the rhodium system, formal replacement of CO2Me groups by hydrogen is found, as with the formation of [ Rh {η5-C5H2(CO2Me)3}2][C5(CO2Me)5]. Brief mention is made of other polysubstituted cyclopentadienyls with electron-withdrawing ligands and some related compounds, and their metal derivatives where known.

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Oeckler, Oliver, Hansjürgen Mattausch, and Arndt Simon. "Einige Phosphidhalogenide des Lanthans und verwandte Verbindungen/ Some Phosphide Halides of Lanthanum and Related Compounds." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 62, no. 11 (November 1, 2007): 1377–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-2007-1105.

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The pnictide halides La2I2P, La2I2As, La2I2Sb, La2Br2P and Y2Br2P have been synthesized from lanthanum and yttrium, red phosphorus, arsenic, and antimony, respectively, and the corresponding metal trihalides. Their structures contain close-packed metal atom double layers with pnicogen atoms in the octahedral voids. These layers are sandwiched by halogen atom layers. The compounds crystallize in the trigonal 1T-type with one sandwich-like layer per unit cell, or in the rhombohedral 3R-type with three layers per unit cell. Polytypism and twinning have been observed. For 3R-La2I2P, conductivity measurements have shown metallic behaviour

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29

Conejo, María del Mar, Antonio Pastor, Francisco Montilla, and Agustín Galindo. "P atom as ligand in transition metal chemistry: Structural aspects." Coordination Chemistry Reviews 434 (May 2021): 213730. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213730.

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30

Prakash, Jai, Marion C. Schäfer, and Svilen Bobev. "Synthesis and structure determination of seven ternary bismuthides: crystal chemistry of theRELi3Bi2family (RE= La–Nd, Sm, Gd, and Tb)." Acta Crystallographica Section C Structural Chemistry 71, no. 10 (September 18, 2015): 894–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053229615016393.

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Zintl phases are renowned for their diverse crystal structures with rich structural chemistry and have recently exhibited some remarkable heat- and charge-transport properties. The ternary bismuthidesRELi3Bi2(RE= La–Nd, Sm, Gd, and Tb) (namely, lanthanum trilithium dibismuthide, LaLi3Bi2, cerium trilithium dibismuthide, CeLi3Bi2, praseodymium trilithium dibismuthide, PrLi3Bi2, neodymium trilithium dibismuthide, NdLi3Bi2, samarium trilithium dibismuthide, SmLi3Bi2, gadolinium trilithium dibismuthide, GdLi3Bi2, and terbium trilithium dibismuthide, TbLi3Bi2) were synthesized by high-temperature reactions of the elements in sealed Nb ampoules. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis shows that all seven compounds are isostructural and crystallize in the LaLi3Sb2type structure in the trigonal space groupP\overline{3}m1 (Pearson symbolhP6). The unit-cell volumes decrease monotonically on moving from the La to the Tb compound, owing to the lanthanide contraction. The structure features a rare-earth metal atom and one Li atom in a nearly perfect octahedral coordination by six Bi atoms. The second crystallographically unique Li atom is surrounded by four Bi atoms in a slightly distorted tetrahedral geometry. The atomic arrangements are best described as layered structures consisting of two-dimensional layers of fused LiBi4tetrahedra and LiBi6octahedra, separated by rare-earth metal cations. As such, these compounds are expected to be valance-precise semiconductors, whose formulae can be represented as (RE3+)(Li1+)3(Bi3−)2.

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31

Braunwarth, Wolfgang, and Ulf Thewalt. "Mehrkernige CpZr(IV)-und CpHf(IV)-Komplexe mit Oximatobrücken / Polynuclear CpZr(IV) and CpHf(IV) Complexes with Oximato Bridges." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 52, no. 8 (August 1, 1997): 1011–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-1997-0823.

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The mono-cyclopentadienyl metal complexes CpZrCl3(dme) and CpHfCl3(dme) react with acetone oxime in the presence of triethylamine to form the isotypic dinuclear complexes [CpMCl2]2(μ-ONCMe2)2(μ-HONCMe2) (1: M = Zr; 2: M = Hf). 1 and 2 contain two oximato bridges and one oxime bridge. In the presence of water the reaction gives, with partial hydrolysis, the cyclic trinuclear compounds [CpZrCl]3(μ3-O)(μ3-OH)(μ-ONCMe2)3·½Me2CNOH (3) and [CpHfCl]3(μ3-O)(μ3-Cl)(μ-ONCMe2)3·CH2Cl2 (4). In 1 to 4 the bridging oximato groups are side-on bonded via O and N to one metal atom and via (only) O to the other metal atom. The metal atoms of 1 to 4 exhibit an 18-electron configuration.

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32

Ellermeier, Jan, and Wolfgang Bensch. "Solvothermal Syntheses, Crystal Structures and Properties of Thiomolybdates with Complex Transition Metal Cations." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 56, no. 7 (July 1, 2001): 611–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-2001-0708.

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Abstract The new compounds Ni2(tren)3(MO₂O2S6)2 · 2.75 H2O (I) and CO₂(tren)3(MoS4)2 (II) (tren = tris(2-aminoethyl)amine) were prepared under solvothermal conditions. The structure of I is built up of one-dimensional [Ni2(tren)3]n4+ chains and isolated [MO₂O2S6]2-anions. Each Ni atom in the cationic chain is surrounded by six N-atoms to form a distorted octahedron. The connection of the Ni-atoms in the [Ni2(tren)3]n4+ -units with the tren molecules leads to zigzag chains in the (100) plane. The situation is different for compound II which consists of isolated [CO₂(tren)3]4+ cations and discrete tetrahedral [MOS4]2-anions. The Co atom in the cation is in a distorted trigonal bipyramidal environment of four N atoms of one tren molecule and of one N atom from a bridging tren-molecule, building up the dimeric structure of the [CO₂(tren)3]4+ unit. Between the anions and cations of both compounds hydrogen bonding is observed. The thermal behaviour of I and II was investigated using differential thermoanalysis and thermogravimetry. On heating I first looses the crystal water and then decomposes slowly in one step, whereas II decomposes also in one step, but at a significantly lower temperature.

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33

Schneider, Jörg. "Metal Atom Chemistry. (η5-Cyclopentadienyl)Metal and (η6-Arene)Metal Fragments as Building Blocks for Transition Metal Clusters." Synlett 1997, no. 6 (June 1997): 635–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-1997-3238.

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34

Mestdagh, J. M., B. Soep, M. A. Gaveau, and J. P. Visticot. "Transition state in metal atom reactions." International Reviews in Physical Chemistry 22, no. 2 (April 2003): 285–339. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0144235031000086391.

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35

BORISSEVITCH, I. E., A. G. BEZERRA, A. S. L. GOMES, R. E. DE ARAÚJO, CID B. DE ARAÚJO, K. M. T. OLIVEIRA, and M. TRSIC. "Z-scan studies and quantum chemical calculations of meso-tetrakis(p-sulfonatophenyl)porphyrin and meso-tetrakis(4-N-methyl-pyridiniumyl)porphyrin and their Fe(III) and Mn(III) complexes." Journal of Porphyrins and Phthalocyanines 05, no. 01 (January 2001): 51–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1099-1409(200101)5:1<51::aid-jpp296>3.0.co;2-z.

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Optical self-defocusing, characterized by the non-linear refractive index n2, was investigated by the Z-scan technique in water solutions of two porphyrins (PPhs), negatively charged meso-tetrakis(p-sulfonatophenyl)porphyrin ( TPPS 4) and positively charged meso-tetrakis(4-N-methyl-pyridiniumyl)porphyrin ( TMPyP ), in their free base forms and as Fe (III) and Mn (III) complexes. Significant n2 values were observed only for the TMPyP metal complexes, while for the other porphyrins the n2 values were negligible. The effect is explained by the reorientation of the porphyrin molecule due to interaction of its permanent dipole moment perpendicular to the molecular ring plane with the electromagnetic field of the exciting light pulse. The permanent dipole moment is due to the shift of the metal atom out of the molecular plane. The electrostatic interaction between the metal atom and charged substituents increases (repulsion) or decreases (attraction) the shift of the metal atom and consequently affects the dipole moment value. Ligand binding to the metal atoms also increases the out-of-plane metal shift and hence the dipole moment and n2 value. pH changes were shown to modify the Fe (III)-ligand structure, thus changing n2. The experimental data correlate well with the metal shift and dipole moment values calculated for simplified PPh structures by the ZINDO method.

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36

Kim, Young-hee, Yvonne M. McKinnes, Paul A. Cooke, Robert Greatrex, John D. Kennedy, and Mark Thornton-Pett. "Metallaborane Reaction Chemistry. Part 7. B-Frame Supported Bimetallics: Ligand-to-β-Metal Organometallic Interaction in Dimetallaboranes and an Interesting Ligand Displacement Cascade." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 64, no. 6 (1999): 938–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19990938.

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Reaction of [PtCl2(PMe2Ph)2] with [(PMe2Ph)2PtB10H12] generates [(PMe2Ph)2-μ-η1(Pt)- η1-(Pt')-{PMe2(C6H4)}-closo-Pt2B10H9(PMe2Ph)] in which the phenyl group of a phosphine ligand on one platinum atom exhibits ortho-cyclometallation to the second metal atom, whereas reaction of PPh3 with [(PMe2Ph)2PtB9H9Ru(pcym)] generates [(PMe2Ph)2-μ-η6(Ru)- η1(Pt)-(C6H5PPh2)-closo-PtRuB9H9] in which the phenyl group of a phosphine ligand on the platinum atom exhibits tridentate η6 coordination to the second metal atom.

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37

Herber, Rolfe H., Israel Nowik, Jeffrey O. Grosland, Ryan G. Hadt, and Victor N. Nemykin. "Metal atom dynamics in organometallics: Cyano ferrocenes." Journal of Organometallic Chemistry 693, no. 10 (May 2008): 1850–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jorganchem.2008.02.010.

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38

Woińska, Magdalena, Michał L. Chodkiewicz, and Krzysztof Woźniak. "Towards accurate and precise positions of hydrogen atoms bonded to heavy metal atoms." Chemical Communications 57, no. 30 (2021): 3652–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0cc07661a.

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Positions and anisotropic thermal motion of H-Atoms bound to heavy atoms in transition-metal hydride complexes were successfully refined using Hirshfeld Atom Refinement (HAR) against low resolution X-ray diffraction data.

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39

Sünkel, Karlheinz, Winfried Hoffmüller, and Wolfgang Beck. "Metal Complexes of Biologically Important Ligands, CVII [1], Formation of Tris(pentamethylcyclopentadienyl-μ-L-prolinato-iridium) Tris(trifluoromethanesulfonate) with Chiral Self Recognition." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 53, no. 11 (November 1, 1998): 1365–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-1998-1122.

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The structure of the title complex consists of [Ir3(C5Me5)3(L-prolinate)3]3+ complex cations and CF3SO3- anions. Each iridium atom is coordinated in a distorted tetrahedral manner by one cyclopentadienyl group, two carboxylate O atoms and the prolinate N atom. The iridium atoms are bridged by the carboxylate groups. Each of the three stereogenic iridium atoms has the same (S) configuration, i. e. the trimerization of the [Ir(C5Me5)(L-prolinate)]+ fragment occurs with chiral self recognition.

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40

Yokoyama, Haruhiko, Saeko Suzuki, Masuo Goto, Kazuteru Shinozaki, Yuriko Abe, and Shin-ichi Ishiguro. "X-Ray Diffraction Study of the Solvation Structure of the Cobalt(II) Ion in N,N-Dimethylformamide Solution." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 50, no. 2-3 (March 1, 1995): 301–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-1995-2-323.

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Abstract The solvation structure of Co2+ in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) has been studied by X-ray diffraction measurements on cobalt (II) and magnesium (II) Perchlorate solutions of the same concen tration, using an isostructural substitution method. The radial distribution function revealed three distinct peaks assigned to the oxygen, amido carbon (C1, and nitrogen atoms of six planar DMF molecules in the first coordination sphere around the metal atom. The distance from the cobalt atom to each atom (O, C1, N) is 213,299, and 423 pm, respectively. This indicates that the Co-O-C1 bond angle is 122-123° and the metal atom is close to the O-C1-N plane of the DMF molecule.

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41

Bruce, MI, MR Snow, and ERT Tiekink. "Cluster Chemistry. XLVII. X-Ray Crystal Structure of OsPt2(μ-CO)3(CO)2(PPh3)3." Australian Journal of Chemistry 39, no. 12 (1986): 2145. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch9862145.

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The crystal structure of OsPt2(μ-CO)3(CO)2(PPh3)3 has been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction techniques. Crystals are triclinic, space group Pī with unit cell dimensions a 13.593(4), b 15.839(4), c 12.633(8) Ǻ, α 102.97(3), β 108.18(2), γ 84.86(3)° with Z2. The structure was refined by a full-matrix least-squares procedure on 5896 reflections [I ≥ 2.5σ(I)] to final R 0.028 and Rw 0.034. A triphenylphosphine ligand binds each of the metal atoms disposed at the corners of a triangle. Each metal-metal bond is spanned by a bridging carbonyl group. The coordination about the osmium atom is completed by two terminal carbonyl groups.

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42

Zhao, Xu, Ranzhuo Huang, Tianxing Wang, Xianqi Dai, Shuyi Wei, and Yaqiang Ma. "Steady semiconducting properties of monolayer PtSe2 with non-metal atom and transition metal atom doping." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 22, no. 10 (2020): 5765–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9cp06249a.

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43

Franco, Chris Hebert, Renata Aglio, Charlane Corrêa, and Renata Diniz. "Desconstruction of Two compounds of p-sulfobenzoic ligand by Reticular Chemistry." Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations and Advances 70, a1 (August 5, 2014): C1622. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053273314083776.

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The p-sulfobenzoic (4-psb) acid may be used as precursors for different Metal Organic frameworks (MOFs) since they can display different coordination site on the metal with two different functional groups (carboxylate and sulfonate). Details of the crystal packing can be studied using the Reticular Chemistry like a power tool for the deconstruction process of crystal structure of this compounds formed [1]. Two crystal structures Zn-psb and Mn-psb with 4-psb ligand and Zn+2 and Mn+2 ions, respectively, were synthesized. Single crystal-data were collected using an Oxford GEMINI A-Ultra diffractometer with MoKα radiation (λ = 0.71073 Å) at room temperature (298 K). These structures were refined by SHELXL-97 program [2]. Both compounds crystallized in the triclinic system and space group P-1. Zn-psb structure shows a coordinated Zn atom with a slightly distorted octahedral geometry formed by four oxygen atoms from water molecules with averaged distances at 2.08 (2) Å and two oxygen atoms with distances at 2.12 (2) Å derived from the ligand. Mn-psb structure has coordinated Mn atom with a slightly distorted octahedral geometry formed by four oxygen atoms from sulfonate group coordinated with averaged distances at 2.19 (3) Å and two oxygen atoms from water molecules with distances at 2.17 (2) Å. Despite the structural similarities of the structures, a simple modification of the metal in the reaction leads to a tendency for different network. Thus, Zn-psb structure consists of a network-connected system binodal (3,8). This network is deposited in Reticular Chemistry Structural Resource as a network type tfz-d system with tilling of transitivity [2222] and signature 3[4^2.6^2] + 2[6^3]. However, the Mn-psb structure leads to formation of a regular network with pcu topologic type presenting tilling with transitivity [1111] and signature [4^6]. The system of cavities formed into networks are blocked by ligands in the crystal structure.

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44

Jia, Yuhan, and Zhixun Luo. "Thirteen-atom metal clusters for genetic materials." Coordination Chemistry Reviews 400 (December 2019): 213053. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ccr.2019.213053.

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45

Sellmann, D., H. Schillinger, and F. Knoch. "Übergangsmetallkomplexe mit Schwefelliganden, LXXXV. / Transition-Metal Complexes with Sulfur Ligands, LXXXV." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 47, no. 5 (May 1, 1992): 645–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-1992-0507.

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Ni(II) salts and the tetradentate thioether-thiolate ligand ′S4-C2′2- (= 1,2-bis(2-mercaptophenylthio)ethane(2-)) yield [Ni(′S4-C2′)]x (1), that also forms when Na2[Ni(′S2′ )2] (′S22-′ = o-benzenedithiolate(2-)) is alkylated by 1,2-dibromoethane. In boiling pyridine 1 adds two solvent molecules and gives pseudooctahedral [Ni(pyr)2(′S4-C2′ )] (2) which was characterized by X-ray structure determination. Reaction of 1 with PMe3 yields [Ni(PMe3)(′S4-C2′)] (4). X-ray structure determination of 4 showed that the Ni center is surrounded by one P and four S atoms in a distorted tetragonal pyramid in which the P atom, one thioether S atom and both of the thiolate S atoms form the base while the second thioether S atom occupies the apical position. Reaction of 1 with n-BuLi leads to removal of the C2H4 bridge of the ′S4-C2′2- ligand and formation of Li2[Ni(′S2′)2].When [Ni(acac)2]3 is reacted with ′buS4-C2′2 (= 1,2-bis(3,5-ditertiarybutyl-2-mercaptophenylthio)ethane(2-)) which is analogous to ′S4-C2′2-, the trinuclear [Ni(′buS4-C2′)]3 (3) forms. 3 · THF was characterized by X-ray structure determination. It contains one tetrahedrally distorted and two planar [NiS4] cores that are connected via the C2H4 groups of the ligands such that a macrocycle forms. PMe3 cleaves 3 to give mononuclear [Ni(PMe3)(′buS4-C2′)] (5). Due to its lability, it was characterized only by spectroscopic methods.

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46

Olmos, M. Elena, Annette Schier, and Hubert Schmidbaur. "Diphenyl(1-pyridyl)phosphine Sulfide as a Ligand in Mono-and Binuclear Coinage Metal Complexes." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 52, no. 3 (March 1, 1997): 385–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-1997-0314.

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Abstract Diphenyl(1-pyridyl)phosphine sulfide, Ph2pyPS, 1, gives a 1:1 complex (2) with AuCl upon treatment with (C4H8S)AuCl. According to an X -ray diffraction analysis, this compound is isomorphous with the Ph3PS complex. [Ph3PAu]BF4 and 1 give the cationic complex [Ph3PAuSPpyPh2]BF4 (3 ) . With two equivalents of the same reagent the binuclear complex 4 is generated, in which the metal atoms are S- and N-bonded. The reaction of 2 equivalents of 1 with [(tetrahydrothiophene)2Au]ClO4 affords the 2:1 complex 5 with the gold atom exclusively S-bonded. The analogous reaction with AgBF4 gives the 2:1 complex 6, the structure of which has also been determined by X-ray diffraction. The silver atom is engaged in coordinative bonding with both sulfur and both nitrogen atoms in a quasi-tetrahedral environment. Addition of AgClO4 to com pound 5, and of [(MeCN)4Cu]B F4 to 6, gives mixed-metal complexes (7, 8) with head-to-head structures, the silver atoms being exclusively S-bonded.

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47

Squires, Robert R. "Correlation of electron and hydrogen atom binding energies for transition-metal atoms." Journal of the American Chemical Society 107, no. 15 (July 1985): 4385–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja00301a003.

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48

Liu, Qiang, Xufang Liu, and Bin Li. "Base-Metal-Catalyzed Olefin Isomerization Reactions." Synthesis 51, no. 06 (February 19, 2019): 1293–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1612014.

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The catalytic olefin isomerization reaction is a highly efficient and atom-economic transformation in organic synthesis that has attracted tremendous attention both in academia and industry. Recently, the development of Earth-abundant metal catalysts has received growing interest owing to their wide availability, sustainability, and environmentally benign nature, as well as the unique properties of non-precious metals. This review provides an overview of a broad range of base-metal-catalyzed olefin isomerization reactions categorized according to their different reaction mechanisms.1 Introduction2 Base-Metal-Catalyzed Olefin Isomerization Reactions3 Base-Metal-Catalyzed Cycloisomerization Reactions4 Conclusion

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49

Yin, Xi, Steven A. Warren, Yung-Tin Pan, Kai-Chieh Tsao, Danielle L. Gray, Jeffery Bertke, and Hong Yang. "A Motif for Infinite Metal Atom Wires." Angewandte Chemie International Edition 53, no. 51 (October 15, 2014): 14087–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.201408461.

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50

Gao, Can, Dewei Rao, Huan Yang, Shaokang Yang, Jingjing Ye, Shasha Yang, Chaonan Zhang, Xuecheng Zhou, Tianyun Jing, and XiaoHong Yan. "Dual transition-metal atoms doping: an effective route to promote the ORR and OER activity on MoTe2." New Journal of Chemistry 45, no. 12 (2021): 5589–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0nj05606e.

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