Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Mesure moyenne de l'intrication'
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Amouzou, Grâce Dorcas Akpéné. "Etude de l’intrication par les polynômes de Mermin : application aux algorithmes quantiques." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UBFCK063.
Full textThis thesis explores the measurement of entanglement in certain hypergraph states, in certain quantum algorithms like the Quantum Phase estimation and Counting algorithms as well as in reactive agent circuits, using the geometric measurement of entanglement, tools from Mermin polynomials and coefficient matrices. Entanglement is a concept present in quantum physics that has no known equivalent to date in classical physics.The core of our research is based on the implementation of entanglement detection and measurement devices in order to study quantum states from the point of view of entanglement.With this in mind, calculations are first carried out numerically and then on a quantum simulator and computer. Indeed, three of the tools used can be implemented on a quantum machine, which allows us to compare theoretical and "real" results
Debesse, Philippe. "Vers une mesure du vent thermoacoustique." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00445461.
Full textJoyeux, Sylvie. "Mesure de l'heterogeneite ecologique des milieux riverains de la moyenne vallee de la garonne." Toulouse 3, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986TOU30120.
Full textJoyeux, Sylvie. "Mesure de l'hétérogénéité écologique des milieux riverains de la moyenne vallée de la Garonne." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37598573k.
Full textBussiere, William. "Mesure des grandeurs (T,Ne,P) au sein du plasma d'arc des fusibles Moyenne Tension." Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2000. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011683.
Full textLes résultats sont présentés dans deux parties : la première traite de l'influence de la pression sur les grandeurs électriques et physiques caractérisant un arc dans une atmosphère sous pression, la seconde présente l'étude des mécanismes de création et d'extinction de l'arc.
L'étude relative à l'influence de la pression repose sur trois dispositifs de mesure des grandeurs électriques et spectroscopiques. Une méthode de détermination de la pression à partir des paramètres des profils des transitions Si II (2) est présentée, et appliquée à l'évaluation de la pression au sein du fusible en moyenne tension.
L'étude du fonctionnement du fusible en moyenne tension concerne trois points : la vitesse de "burn-back", l'influence des propriétés du sable de silice sur le mécanisme de coupure, et l'évolution de la température et de la densité électronique au sein du plasma d'arc pendant la coupure.
La vitesse de "burn-back" est déterminée par imagerie ultra-rapide. Une dissymétrie sensible entre les vitesses à la cathode et à l'anode apparaît dès le début du régime d'arc ; la masse volumique de compactage et la granulométrie du sable conditionnent l'efficacité des mécanismes de transfert de l'énergie depuis la colonne d'arc vers la périphérie. La diffusion du fluide dans les interstices joue un rôle prépondérant dans le mécanisme de coupure, et explique pourquoi les plus grandes granulométries étudiées impliquent les coupures les plus brèves ; les évolutions de la température et de la densité électronique montrent une dynamique de variation importante sur l'ensemble du phénomène. Les coefficients d'établissement et d'extinction des deux grandeurs sont dépendants des propriétés du sable.
ABI, NADER MARIO. "L'electrocardiogramme moyenne (ecg-mha) applique a la mesure de la masse ventriculaire gauche chez l'hypertendu." Lille 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LIL2M310.
Full textFALL, THIEYACINE. "Mesure de la charge moyenne ionique, par le rayonnement bremsstrahlung dans le visible, sur tore supra." Paris 11, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA112209.
Full textBussière, William. "Mesure des grandeurs (T,Nc,P) au sein du plasma d'arc des fusibles en moyenne tension." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000CLF22258.
Full textGARNIER, BALTENBERGER ANNE. "Etude, developpement et premiers resultats d'un nouveau lidar doppler destine a la mesure des vents dans la moyenne atmosphere." Paris 11, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA112107.
Full textCharpenel, Philippe. "Effets d'irradiations aux électrons de basse et moyenne énergie sur des isolants MOS issus de différentes technologies." Montpellier 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MON20240.
Full textDucasse, Jean-Marie. "Randonnée pédestre et en raquettes (en moyenne montagne) : proposition d'un protocole d'étude des contraintes cardio-respiratoires en situation." Bordeaux 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR2M153.
Full textGhysels, Mélanie. "Mesures in-situ à haute résolution par spectrométrie laser de CH4, CO2 et H2O dans l’atmosphère moyenne sous ballons météoroligiques." Thesis, Reims, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012REIMS027/document.
Full textThis thesis reports the development of laser spectrometers dedicated to in-situ measurements of CH4, CO2 et H2O in the middle atmosphere. It includes the development of the prototypes, the associated spectroscopy, the concentration data retrieval as well as the first balloon campaigns. The first part of the thesis describes the scientific framework and it further gives a state of art of the instrumental field. The second part gives the results from a spectroscopic study on the R(6) manifold of CH4 at 3.24µm and on the R18e and R20e lines of CO2 at 2.68µm in order to allow an accurate concentration retrieval. The third part details the development of the PicoSDLA-CH4 spectrometer dedicated to the in-situ measurements of CH4 at 3.24µm, using a difference frequency generation (DFG) laser source, and the development of PicoSDLA-CO2, a sensor dedicated to measurements of CO2 at 2.68µm using antimonide laser diodes. Both spectrometers were involved in three balloon campaigns in 2010, 2011 and 2012; the results are presented in the fourth part of the thesis
Al-Abdullah, Khalaf. "Contribution à l'étude du comportement des varistances à base d'oxyde de zinc, par la mesure des impédances complexes à basse et à moyenne fréquences." Toulouse 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991TOU32310.
Full textAlbouy, Olivier. "Algèbre et géométrie discrètes appliquées au groupe de Pauli et aux bases décorrélées en théorie de l'information quantique." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00402290.
Full textPuis nous étudions de façon systématique la possibilité de construire de telles bases au moyen des opérateurs de Pauli. 1) L'étude de la droite projective sur (Z_d)^m montre que, pour obtenir des ensembles maximaux de bases décorrélées à l'aide d'opérateurs de Pauli, il est nécessaire de considérer des produits tensoriels de ces opérateurs. 2) Les sous-modules lagrangiens de (Z_d)^2n, dont nous donnons une classification complète, rendent compte des ensembles maximalement commutant d'opérateurs de Pauli. Cette classification permet de savoir lesquels de ces ensembles sont susceptibles de donner des bases décorrélées : ils correspondent aux demi-modules lagrangiens, qui s'interprètent encore comme les points isotropes de la droite projective (P(Mat(n, Z_d)^2),ω). Nous explicitons alors un isomorphisme entre les bases décorrélées ainsi obtenues et les demi-modules lagrangiens distants, ce qui précise aussi la correspondance entre sommes de Gauss et bases décorrélées. 3) Des corollaires sur le groupe de Clifford et l'espace des phases discret sont alors développés.
Enfin, nous présentons quelques outils inspirés de l'étude précédente. Nous traitons ainsi du rapport anharmonique sur la sphère de Bloch, de géométrie projective en dimension supérieure, des opérateurs de Pauli continus et nous comparons l'entropie de von Neumann à une mesure de l'intrication par calcul d'un déterminant.
Hiel, Azeddine. "Mesure de la vie moyenne des noyaux de Sb peuplés à haut spin par émission de 3 protons dans la réaction ⁵⁸Ni + ⁵⁴Fe à 4 MeV/A." Bordeaux 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987BOR10601.
Full textHiel, Azeddine. "Mesure de la vie moyenne des noyaux de Sb peuplés à haut spin par émission de 3 protons ans la réaction ⁵⁸Ni + ⁵⁴Fe à 4 MeV/A." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37605905s.
Full textSun, Zhigang. "Modélisation acoustique de l’énergie moyenne diffusée par une distribution aléatoire de cibles spheriques sous-marines : Validité de la technique d'écho-intégration pour la mesure de l'abondance de cibles sous-marines." Lyon, INSA, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993ISAL0069.
Full textThe estimation of fish abundance b the echo-interation method is based on the assumption that the echo energy returned from randomly distributed targets is proportional to the quantity of those targets. Three factors can affect this linearity : the interference of direct echoes the shadowing effect and the multiple scattering among the targets. In this work, the influence of the three factors upon the linearity of the echo-integration method is studied. Among the three component parts of work, the first pert deals with the calculation of impulse of a rigid sphere to a Dirac pressure transmission. The second part is devoted to the modelling of the interference effect in the energy investigation of echoes scattered by planar distribution of spheres. Some formulas are developed to provide a fast way to evaluate the interface contribution of echoes. The third art concerns with the modelling of the echo energy scattered by a 3D distribution of spheres. The contributions of the interference effect. The shadowing effect and the second order scattering among the targets are studied for rigid soft fluid and elastic spheres. The numerical results show that the linearity of the echo-integration method is tightly related to the material structure of the targets, the target quantity, and the working frequency. A wideband transducer is preferable for the implementation of the echo-interaction method and favourable to tar t identification. However using a wideband transducer does not necessarily improve the linearity between the energy scattered by the target and the quantity of those targets. The hypothesis of the linearity is acceptable especially when the target distribution is not dense. In certain cases where the number density of targets is relatively high, measurement over two different thicknesses of the volume is necessary to determining the quantity of targets
Gopalapillai, Prijitha. "Evolution of stratospheric ozone in the mid-latitudes in connection with the abundances of halogen compounds." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00733555.
Full textCognet, Marie-Anne. "Étude préliminaire de la mesure du rapport alpha, rapport de la section efficace moyenne de capture sur celle de fission de l'233U, sur la plateforme PEREN - Développement et étude du dispositif expérimental -." Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007INPG0159.
Full textThis Ph-D thesis was intended to prepare a precise measurement of the alpha ratio of 233U between 1eV and 10keV. This ratio is a key-parameter to calculate the breeding ratio of reactors based on the 232Th/233U cycle. This measurement would be performed, at the LPSC, on the experimental platform PEREN which is composed of a lead slowing-down time spectrometer associated with an intense pulsed neutron generator. Capture and fission rates are measured thanks to 8 scintillators YAP used in coincidence and surrounding a fission chamber. Preliminary tests using 235U resulted in a very low signal to background ratio despite the successive improvements. The different components of the background were identified and quantified experimentally and thanks to simulation tools (MCNP and GEANT4). Nevertheless, the signal to background ratio has still to be increased by about a factor 10 at least, to allow the measurement of the capture of a fissile element with such an experimental setup
Cognet, Marie-Anne. "Etude préliminaire de la mesure du rapport alpha, rapport de la section efficace moyenne de capture sur celle de fission de l'233U, sur la plateforme PEREN - Développement et étude du dispositif expérimental -." Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00269052.
Full textDetandt-Feys, Brigitte. "La performance de l'entreprise est souvent approchée par un coefficient prenant en considération la valeur moyenne du titre, le taux des certificats de tresorerie et le coefficient "Beta" (mesure du risque du titre): [thèse annexe]." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/213538.
Full textFontaine, Emmanuel. "Masse des cristaux de glace et facteurs de réflectivité radar dans les systèmes de nuages convectifs de moyenne échelle formés dans les Tropiques et la région de la mer Méditerranée." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CLF22527/document.
Full textThis study focuses on the variability of mass-diameter relationships (m(D)) and shape of ice hydrometeors in Mesoscale Convective Systems (MCS). It bases on data base which were recorded during four airborne measurement campaigns: (i) African monsoon’s MCS (continent; MT2010), (ii) Indian Ocean’s MCS (MT2011), (iii) Mediterranean’s MCS (costs; HyMeX), (iv) North-Australian monsoon’s MCS (costs; HAIC-HIWC). m(D) of ice hydrometeors are derived from a combined analysis of particle images from 2D-array probes and associated reflectivity factors measured with a Doppler cloud radar on the same research aircraft. Usually, m(D) is formulated as a power law (with one pre-factor and one exponent) that need to be constrained from complementary information on hydrometeors. A theoretical study of numerous hydrometeor shapes simulated in 3D and arbitrarily projected on a 2D plan allowed to constrain the exponent β of the m(D) relationship from the exponent σ of the surface-diameter S(D) relationship, which is likewise written as a power law. Since S(D) always can be determined for real data from 2D optical array probes or other particle imagers, the evolution of the m(D) exponent can be calculated. After that, the pre-factor α of m(D) is constrained from theoretical simulations of the radar reflectivity factor matching the measured reflectivity factor along the aircraft trajectory. Mean profiles of m(D) coefficients, particles size distributions and Condensed Water Content (CWC) are calculated in functions of the temperature, and are different for each type of MCS. For the four types of MCS, it is shown that the variability of m(D) coefficients is correlated with the variability of the temperature. Four types of m(D) parametrisations are calculated since the analysis of the variability of the m(D) coefficients. The significant benefit of using variable m(D) relations instead of a single m(D) relationship is demonstrated from the impact of all these m(D) relations on Z-CWC and Z-CWC-T fitted parametrisations
El, Hosseiny Hany. "Problème de Fatou ponctuel pour les quotients harmoniques et généralisations." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994GRE10109.
Full textMoatar-Bertrand, Florentina. "Modélisations statistiques et déterministes des paramètres physico-chimiques utilisés en surveillance des eaux de rivières : application à la validation des séries de mesures en continu (cas de la Loire moyenne)." Grenoble INPG, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPG0219.
Full textMonsan, Vincent. "Estimation spectrale dans les processus périodiquement corréles." Rouen, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994ROUES030.
Full textBillanou, Ian. "Modélisation expérimentale et théorique pour la quantification du débit sanguin par Tomographie à Emission de Positrons." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010INPT0006/document.
Full textPositron Emission Tomography (PET) provides a dynamic and space-resolved measurement of the concentration field of a radioactive tracer previously injected to the patient. Quantification of cerebral blood flow by PET is based on the use of a kinetic model linking cerebral blood flow to the spatial and temporal variations of tracer concentration in the brain. Various kinetic models have been proposed in the literature. However, most of the mare based on a compartmental approach of the observed organ In this case, the organ is divided in two compartments, the capillary and the tissue, and the exchanges between these two compartments are often described by a first order kinetic model. Results obtained with this kind of model under estimate the flow rate and are notable to predict the first instants of the tracer dynamics distribution. With the continuous improvement of the temporal resolution of PET, these weaknesses have been confirmed, which led to the development of models incorporating more physiological reality. However, all these models have been developed to describe exchanges between micro-circulation and surrounding tissue at the scale of capillary vessels (microscopic scale). Because the spatial resolution of PET inclinical practice is insufficient to allow the distinction between micro-circulation and tissue, using of these models with kinetic measurement of macroscopic concentrations exceeds their theoretical validity and can introduce false results. In this context, we propose a kinetic model based on up-scaling (using the method of volume averaging). This up-scaling technique allows to replace the two previous compartments (tissue and micro-circulation) by an homogeneous fictive volume, whose macroscopic properties are calculated from the microscopic properties of are presentative elementary volume (REV) of the medium. First, in order to compare the results of this model with those of the standard compartmental model, the considered REV consists of a single capillary and its surrounding tissue. Second, additional geometric complexity is introduced by considering an isotropic capillary network at the Darcy scale. These models are used to identify the flow rate using an inverse method. For that purpose, the temporal evolution of concentration field in a geometry of reference, which can't be measured by PET due to its low spatial resolution, is determined by numerical simulations and by in vitro measurements. These measurements are performed using an experimental model developed during this work to reproduce the flow in a channel passing through a diffusive matrix (alginate gel)
Albouy, Olivier. "Discrete algebra and geometry applied to the Pauli group and mutually unbiased bases in quantum information theory." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00612229.
Full textEl, Aouni Anass. "Lagrangian coherent structures and physical processes of coastal upwelling." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BORD0146.
Full textStudying physical processes of an upwelling system is essential to understand its present variability and its past and future changes. This thesis presents an interdisciplinary study of the coastal upwelling system from different satellite acquired data, with the main focus placed on the North West African (NWA) upwelling system. This interdisciplinary study covers (1) the problem of the automatic identification and extraction of the upwelling phenomenon from biological and physical satellite observations. (2) A statistical study of the spatio-temporal variation of the NWA upwelling throughout its extension and different upwelling indices. (3) A Study of the nonlinear relationships between the surface mixing and biological activity in the upwelling regions. (4) Lagrangian studies of coherent eddies; their physical properties and automatic identification. (5) The study of transport made by Lagrangian eddies off the NWA Upwelling and their impact on the open ocean. [...]
Sun, Wen. "A study of interacting stochastic networks : large scale, long time behavior and fluctuations, with applications in communication networks and protein polymerization." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS075.
Full textThis PhD document is devoted to the analyses of large stochastic networks used to study mathematical models in communication networks and in biology. The first part consists of the analysis of three models used to evaluate the efficiency of duplication and placement algorithms in large distributed systems. These models are represented by large stochastic networks under different scaling regimes assumptions. In Chapter 2, the dynamic of the system can be described with the empirical measure associated to a multi-dimensional transient Markov process. We provide a detailed study of these processes on several fast time scales. Stochastic averaging principles with multiple time scales are investigated in particular. In Chapter 3 and Chapter 4, the interactions have unbounded jump sizes and occur within a limited random set of nodes. We develop a convenient mean field analysis in despite that the associated empirical measures do not have autonomous evolution equations. We also study the long time behavior of the corresponding limiting nonlinear jump diffusions. The second part analyzes two models used to study the variability in the polymerization phenomena occurring in a biological context. In Chapter 5, we investigate the polymerization and fragmentation processes with an assumption of critical nucleus size. A scaling analysis of these stochastic models show that the sharp phase transition and, especially the large variance, observed in the experiments can be explained by these models. In Chapter 6, we provide a functional central limit theorem in the classical (infinite dimensional) stochastic Becker-Döring model
Villemaire, Philippe. "Utilisation du DVP pour fins de mesure de hauteurs d'arbres en peuplements forestiers résineux, sur photographies aériennes d'échelle moyenne /." 1997. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=740669261&sid=21&Fmt=2&clientId=9268&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
Full textTogney, Marie-Laure. "Dans quelle mesure les incoterms pourraient constituer un espace de négociations commerciales favorisant la performance à l'international des PME manufacturières exportatrices québécoises hors ALÉNA sur le long terme?" Mémoire, 2012. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/4896/1/M12476.pdf.
Full textGravel, Claude. "Structure de la distribution de probabilités de l'état GHZ sous l'action locale de transformations du groupe U(2)." Thèse, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/5511.
Full textIn this Master's thesis, I show that the probability distribution of the Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger quantum state (GHZ) under local action of independent von Neumann measurements follows a convex distribution of two distributions.The coefficients of the combination are related to the equatorial parts of the measurements, and the distributions associated with those coefficients are associated with the real parts of the measurements. One possible application of my result is that it allows one to split into two pieces the simulation of the GHZ state. Simulating, in worst case or in average, a quantum state like the GHZ state with random resources, shared or private, as well as with classical communication resources or even odd resources like nonlocal boxes is a very important in the theory of quantum communication complexity. We can think of this simulation problem as a problem in which many people get the description of a von Neumann measurement. Each party does not know the description of any other measurements belonging to the other parties. Each party after having applied his measurement on the subsystem of the state that he shares with the others gets a classical outcome. The joint distribution of the outcomes of every parties follows the distribution studied in this thesis in the case of the GHZ state. My result indicates that in order to simulate the distribution, we can first simulate the equatorial parts of the measurements in order to know which distribution associated to the real parts of the measurements to simulate. Other researchers have found how to simulate the equatorial parts of the von Neumann measurements with classical resources in the case of 3 parties, but it is still unknown how to simulate the real parts.
Taamouti, Abderrahim. "Problèmes d'économétrie en macroéconomie et en finance : mesures de causalité, asymétrie de la volatilité et risque financier." Thèse, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/1507.
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