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Journal articles on the topic 'Meso-linkages'
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McCarthy, Jason R., Michael A. Hyland, and Christian Brückner. "Indaphyrin, a meso-tetraphenylsecochlorin-derived chromophore incorporating o-phenyl-to-β-linkages." Chem. Commun., no. 14 (2003): 1738–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b304647h.
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Roberts, Alasdair. "Bridging Levels of Public Administration: How Macro Shapes Meso and Micro." Administration & Society 52, no. 4 (September 24, 2019): 631–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0095399719877160.
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Scholars in public administration now recognize three levels of analysis: macro, meso, and micro. But there is uncertainty about the relationship between levels and concern about a “schism” in research. However, linkages between levels can be demonstrated easily. At the macro-level, leaders develop an overall strategy for pursuing national priorities, which determines the broad architecture of the state. Institutions must be built, renovated, or managed to give effect to these strategies: This is the meso-level of public administration. Overall, strategies also shape the micro-level relationship between people who rule and people who are ruled. This is done by categorizing people—as subjects or citizens, for example—and by redefining categories. Macro-level strategies evolve, with consequences for the agenda at the meso- and micro-levels. Experience at lower levels also shapes strategy at the macro-level. The interaction among levels is illustrated by comparison of three eras in modern American history.
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Lysenko, Andrey B., Patchanita Thamyongkit, Izabela Schmidt, James R. Diers, David F. Bocian, and Jonathan S. Lindsey. "Diverse porphyrin dimers as candidates for high-density charge-storage molecules." Journal of Porphyrins and Phthalocyanines 10, no. 01 (January 2006): 22–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1088424606000041.
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Porphyrinic molecules have been shown to be viable candidates for a molecular-based information storage medium on the basis of redox activity. An optimal redox-based information storage medium requires a large charge density in the molecular footprint on the anchoring substrate. The use of dimeric versus monomeric architectures affords one route to achieving increased charge density without sacrificing surface cross sectional area. Towards this goal, a series of zinc and cobalt containing porphyrin dimers has been prepared and characterized. The interporphyrin linkages in the dimers include p-phenylene, ethynyl, 1,4-butadiynyl, and ethynylphenylethynyl joining porphyrin meso-positions; Crossley-type fusion bridging porphyrin β-positions, and Osuka-type triple fusions bridging one meso- and two β-positions. The electrochemical features of each dimer have been evaluated.
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McCarthy, Jason R., Michael A. Hyland, and Christian Brückner. "Synthesis of indaphyrins: meso-tetraarylsecochlorin-based porphyrinoids containing direct o-phenyl-to-β-linkages." Org. Biomol. Chem. 2, no. 10 (2004): 1484–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b401629g.
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Prades, Joan, Verdiana Morando, Valeria D. Tozzi, Didier Verhoeven, Jose R. Germà, and Josep M. Borras. "Managing cancer care through service delivery networks: The role of professional collaboration in two European cancer networks." Health Services Management Research 31, no. 3 (December 14, 2017): 120–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0951484817745219.
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Background The study examines two meso-strategic cancer networks, exploring to what extent collaboration can strengthen or hamper network effectiveness. Unlike macro-strategic networks, meso-strategic networks have no hierarchical governance structures nor are they institutionalised within healthcare services’ delivery systems. This study aims to analyse the models of professional cooperation and the tools developed for managing clinical practice within two meso-strategic, European cancer networks. Methods Multiple case study design based on the comparative analysis of two cancer networks: Iridium, in Antwerp, Belgium and the Institut Català d’Oncologia in Catalonia, Spain. The case studies applied mixed methods, with qualitative research based on semi-structured interviews ( n = 35) together with case-site observation and material collection. Results The analysis identified four levels of collaborative intensity within medical specialties as well as in multidisciplinary settings, which became both platforms for crosscutting clinical work between hubs’ experts and local care teams and the levers for network-based tools development. The organisation of clinical practice relied on professional-based cooperative processes and tiers, lacking vertical integration mechanisms. Conclusions The intensity of professional linkages largely shaped the potential of meso-strategic cancer networks to influence clinical practice organisation. Conversely, the introduction of managerial techniques or network governance structures, without introducing vertical hierarchies, was found to be critical solutions.
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Markard, Jochen, and Bernhard Truffer. "Actor-oriented analysis of innovation systems: exploring micro–meso level linkages in the case of stationary fuel cells." Technology Analysis & Strategic Management 20, no. 4 (July 2008): 443–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09537320802141429.
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Giest, Sarah, and Stephan Grimmelikhuijsen. "Introduction to special issue algorithmic transparency in government: Towards a multi-level perspective." Information Polity 25, no. 4 (December 4, 2020): 409–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/ip-200010.
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The editorial sets the stage for the special issue on algorithmic transparency in government. The papers in the issue bring together transparency challenges experienced across different levels of government, including macro-, meso-, and micro-levels. This highlights that transparency issues transcend different levels of government – from European regulation to individual public bureaucrats. With a special focus on these links, the editorial sketches a future research agenda for transparency-related challenges. Highlighting these linkages is a first step towards seeing the bigger picture of why transparency mechanisms are put in place in some scenarios and not in others. Finally, this introduction present an agenda for future research, which opens the door to comparative analyses for future research and new insights for policymakers.
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Stroope, Samuel, and Joseph O. Baker. "Whose Moral Community? Religiosity, Secularity, and Self-rated Health across Communal Religious Contexts." Journal of Health and Social Behavior 59, no. 2 (January 31, 2018): 185–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022146518755698.
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Scholars have long theorized that religious contexts provide health-promoting social integration and regulation. A growing body of literature has documented associations between individual religiosity and health as well as macro–micro linkages between religious contexts, religious participation, and individual health. Using unique data on individuals and county contexts in the United States, this study offers new insight by using multilevel analysis to examine meso–micro relationships between religion and health. We assess whether and how the relationship between individual religiosity and health depends on communal religious contexts. In highly religious contexts, religious individuals are less likely to have poor health, while nonreligious individuals are markedly more likely to have poor health. In less religious contexts, religious and nonreligious individuals report similar levels of health. Consequently, the health gap between religious and nonreligious individuals is largest in religiously devout contexts, primarily due to the negative effects on nonreligious individuals’ health in religious contexts.
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Scholze, Nicolas, Nils Riach, and Rüdiger Glaser. "Assessing Climate Change in the Trinational Upper Rhine Region: How Can We Operationalize Vulnerability Using an Indicator-Based, Meso-Scale Approach?" Sustainability 12, no. 16 (August 6, 2020): 6323. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12166323.
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Climate vulnerability assessments are an important prerequisite for establishing successful climate adaptation strategies. Despite a growing number of assessments on the national or global scale, there is still a need for regionalized studies with a high resolution to identify meso-scale vulnerability patterns. In this paper, we present an indicator-based assessment that was carried out in the Trinational Metropolitan Region Upper Rhine within the Interreg-V project Clim’Ability. The analyzed region is characterized by strong cross-border and transnational linkages, similar ecological features and climatic stressors but differing political, administrative, cultural and legal conditions. In this rather complex setting, we operationalized a state-of-the art vulnerability framework using 18 quantified indicators and aggregating them into a vulnerability index. We show that it is possible to downscale the methods used in recent assessments to a regional context with a challenging data situation and discuss strengths and uncertainties. The results are mapped for stakeholder communication purposes. They provide an evidence-base to the identification of the trinational vulnerability pattern and may enable stakeholders and decision-makers to enhance their own climate adaptation planning.
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Bowmaker, GA, and JP Williams. "Synthesis and N.M.R. Studies of New Unsymmetrically Substituted Ditertiary Phosphines." Australian Journal of Chemistry 47, no. 3 (1994): 451. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch9940451.
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The synthesis and characterization of rac- and meso-(E)-1,2-C2H2( PMePh )2 (1), 1,2-C6H4( PMePh )(PPh2)(2),1,2-C6H4( PBuPh )(PPh2)(3) and 1,2-C6H4(Pme2)(PPh2) (4) are reported. Reaction of (1) with MeI (1:2) gives [(E)-1,2-C2H2(Pme2Ph)2]I2 (5). The compound [(E)-1,2-C2H2(PPh2)(PmePh2)]I (6) was synthesized from (E)-1,2-C2H2(PPh2)2 and MeI (1:1). 1H n.m.r. spectra are reported for (2), (3), (5) and 6. 31P n.m.r. spectra are reported for (1)-(3), (5), (6) and [(E)-1,2-C2H2(PmePh2)2]I2 (7). 2J(PV,H) and trans 3J(H,H) coupling were observed in the 1H n.m.r. spectra of (6). Substitution of one Ph group for one Me group at phosphorus in a ditertiary phosphine produces a change in chemical shift of 19.5 and 21.8 ppm for (E)-CH=CH and 1,2-C6H4 interphosphorus linkages respectively. The interphosphorus linkage in a ditertiary phosphine produces large 3J(P,P) coupling constants (c. 155 Hz), and an increase in screening of the phosphorus nuclei (c. 10 ppm ).
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CHILD, BRIAN, and GRENVILLE BARNES. "The conceptual evolution and practice of community-based natural resource management in southern Africa: past, present and future." Environmental Conservation 37, no. 3 (August 12, 2010): 283–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892910000512.
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SUMMARYThis paper reviews the concept and practice of community-based natural resource management (CBNRM) as it has evolved in southern Africa, with a particular focus on Zimbabwe, Botswana, Namibia and, to a lesser extent, Zambia. It recognizes that, like democracy, CBNRM is both an imperfect process and a conceptual goal. The governance of economic processes, property rights and local political organization lie at the heart of CBNRM. The first challenge is to replace fiscal centralization, fees and bureaucracy (and the subsidization of alternative land uses) that have historically undervalued wild resources, so that CBNRM's comparative economic advantage is reflected in landholder and community incentives. Second, devolving property rights to communities shifts resource governance, responsibility and benefit appropriately to the local level. This necessitates accountable, transparent and equitable micro-governance, which in turn is linked to effective meso-level support and monitoring and cross-scale linkages between central government and local communities. This paper outlines the evolution of current models of CBNRM in the region and suggests core strategies for the next generation of CBNRM.
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Vaidyanathan, Brandon. "How Minority Religion Can Shape Corporate Capitalism: An Emergentist Account and Empirical Illustration." Business & Society 59, no. 5 (May 29, 2018): 881–913. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0007650318775104.
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Theories of how religion shapes business tend to focus on dominant religious institutions. What happens in the case of minority religions, where the alignment of religion with other dominant institutions may be weak at best? To answer this question, I first develop an emergentist account of religion, explaining how macro-level conditioning shapes meso- and micro-level interactions in religious contexts, leading to either structural change or stasis in business contexts. I illustrate this account by examining how Roman Catholicism as a minority religion shapes corporate capitalism in two cities: Bangalore, India, and Dubai, UAE. Drawing on in-depth interviews ( N=200) and 12 months of participant observation, I show how countervailing mechanisms create both assets and liabilities for Catholic professionals’ success in workplaces, contributing to morphostasis rather than change. I argue that such processes cannot be adequately understood without specifying their “macrofoundations,” and identify corresponding macro-level influences at global and local levels. By specifying such macro-micro linkages, this article improves our understanding of how religion shapes business.
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Petursdottir, Hildur, Stig Falk-Petersen, and Astthor Gislason. "Trophic interactions of meso- and macrozooplankton and fish in the Iceland Sea as evaluated by fatty acid and stable isotope analysis." ICES Journal of Marine Science 69, no. 7 (September 1, 2012): 1277–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fss125.
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Abstract Petursdottir, H., Falk-Petersen, S., and Gislason, A. 2012. Trophic interactions of meso- and macrozooplankton and fish in the Iceland Sea as evaluated by fatty acid and stable isotope analysis. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 69: . A trophic study was carried out in August of 2007 and 2008 on the pelagic ecosystem in the Subarctic Iceland Sea. Carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes and fatty acid biomarkers were used to study trophic linkages and the trophic ecology of the most important pelagic species in this ecosystem, with emphasis on capelin (Mallotus villosus). According to 15N enrichment results, there are 3–4 trophic levels in this ecosystem excluding organisms of the microbial loop and birds and mammals. The primarily herbivorous copepod Calanus hyperboreus occupies the lowest trophic level of the animal species studied, and adult capelin and blue whiting (Micromesistius poutassou) occupy the highest level. Calanus spp. proved to be an important dietary component of most of the species studied, the euphausiid species Thysanoessa inermis and T. longicaudata being exceptions. The chaetognath Eukrohnia hamata is a pure carnivore, feeding heavily on Calanus spp., whereas most of the other zooplankton species studied practice an omnivorous–carnivorous feeding mode. The amphipod species Themisto libellula is important in the diet of adult capelin. Adult capelin and blue whiting share the same feeding habits and could therefore be competing for food.
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Angus, Lisa, and Pim P. Valentijn. "From micro to macro: assessing implementation of integrated care in Australia." Australian Journal of Primary Health 24, no. 1 (2018): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py17024.
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Many countries and health systems are pursuing integrated care as a means of achieving better outcomes. However, no standard approaches exist for comparing integration approaches across models or settings, and for evaluating whether the key components of integrated care are present in different initiatives. This study sheds light on how integrated care is being implemented in Australia, using a new tool to characterise and compare integration strategies at micro, meso and macro levels. In total, 114 staff from a purposive sample of 38 integrated care projects completed a survey based on the Rainbow Model of Integrated Care. Ten key informants gave follow-up interviews. Participating projects reported using multiple strategies to implement integrated care, but descriptions of implementation were often inconsistent. Micro-level strategies, including clinical–professional service coordination and person-centred care, were most commonly reported. A common vision was often described as an essential foundation for joint work. However, performance feedback appeared under-utilised, as did strategies requiring macro-level action such as data linkages or payment reform. The results suggest that current integrated care efforts are unevenly weighted towards micro-level strategies. Increased attention to macro-level strategies may be warranted in order to accelerate progress and sustain integrated care in Australia.
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Sangwan, Parveen, Xiaolei Chen, Philip Hugenholtz, and Peter H. Janssen. "Chthoniobacter flavus gen. nov., sp. nov., the First Pure-Culture Representative of Subdivision Two, Spartobacteria classis nov., of the Phylum Verrucomicrobia." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 70, no. 10 (October 2004): 5875–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.70.10.5875-5881.2004.
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ABSTRACT The phylum Verrucomicrobia is increasingly recognized as an environmentally significant group of bacteria, particularly in soil habitats. At least six subdivisions of the Verrucomicrobia are resolved by comparative analysis of 16S rRNA genes, mostly obtained directly from environmental samples. To date, only two of these subdivisions (1 and 4) have characterized pure-culture representatives. We have isolated and characterized the first known pure-culture representative of subdivision 2. Strain Ellin428 is an aerobic heterotrophic bacterium that is able to grow with many of the saccharide components of plant biomass but does not grow with amino acids or organic acids other than pyruvate. Cells are yellow, rod-shaped, nonmotile, and gram-stain negative, and they contain peptidoglycan with direct cross-linkages of the A1γ meso-Dpm type. The isolate grows well at 25°C on a variety of standard biological media, including some used in the routine cultivation of bacteria from soil. The pH range for growth is 4.0 to 7.0. Low levels of menaquinones MK-10 and MK-11 were detected. The major cellular fatty acids are C14:0, a-C15:0, C16:1ω7c, and/or 2OH i-C15:0, and C16:0. The G+C content of the genomic DNA is 61 mol%. We propose a new genus and species, Chthoniobacter flavus gen. nov., sp. nov., with isolate Ellin428 as the type strain, and a new class for the subdivision to which it belongs, Spartobacteria classis nov. Environmental sequences indicate that the class Spartobacteria is largely represented by globally distributed, abundant, and active soil bacteria.
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Barros, A. P., G. Kim, E. Williams, and S. W. Nesbitt. "Probing orographic controls in the Himalayas during the monsoon using satellite imagery." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 4, no. 1 (March 1, 2004): 29–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-4-29-2004.
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Abstract. The linkages between the space-time variability of observed clouds, rainfall, large-circulation patterns and topography in northern India and the Himalayas were investigated using remote sensing data. The research purpose was to test the hypothesis that cloudiness patterns are dynamic tracers of rainstorms, and therefore their temporal and spatial evolution can be used as a proxy of the spatial and temporal organization of precipitation and precipitation processes in the Himalayan range during the monsoon. The results suggest that the space-time distribution of precipitation, the spatial variability of the diurnal cycle of convective activity, and the terrain (landform and altitudinal gradients) are intertwined at spatial scales ranging from the order of a few kms (1–5km) up to the continental-scale. Furthermore, this relationship is equally strong in the time domain with respect to the onset and intra-seasonal variability of the monsoon. Infrared and microwave imagery of cloud fields were analyzed to characterize the spatial and temporal evolution of mesoscale convective weather systems and short-lived convection in Northern India, the Himalayan range, and in the Tibetan Plateau during three monsoon seasons (1999, 2000 and 2001). The life cycle of convective systems suggests landform and orographic controls consistent with a convergence zone constrained to the valley of the Ganges and the Himalayan range, bounded in the west by the Aravalli range and the Garhwal mountains and in the East by the Khasi Hills and the Bay of Bengal, which we call the Northern India Convergence Zone (NICZ). The NICZ exhibits strong night-time activity along the south-facing slopes of the Himalayan range, which is characterized by the development of short-lived convection (1–3h) aligned with protruding ridges between 1:00 and 3:00 AM. The intra-annual and inter-annual variability of convective activity in the NICZ were assessed with respect to large-scale synoptic conditions, monsoon activity in the Bay of Bengal, and the modulating role of orography. Empirical orthogonal function (EOF) and canonical correlation (CC) analysis suggest that joint modes of variability of monsoon weather and topography, which we call orographic land-atmosphere interactions, modulate the space-time variability of cloudiness in the region. Finally, scaling analysis of cloudiness suggests three different scaling regimes of orographic land-atmosphere interactions: 1) a synoptic-scale regime (≥70-80km); 2) an orographic meso–β regime (30–70km) associated with the succession of wide valleys and bulky terrain features; and 3) an orographic meso–α regime (≤30km) associated with the complex succession of protruding south-facing ridges and narrow valleys that characterize the Himalayan foothills between altitudes of 3000 and 5000m elevations.
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RYBACHUK, M. A. "NATIONAL INNOVATION ECOSYSTEM: KEY ACTORS AND LINKAGES." EKONOMIKA I UPRAVLENIE: PROBLEMY, RESHENIYA 4, no. 5 (2021): 58–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/ek.up.p.r.2021.05.04.007.
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The article analyzes the possibilities for the development and transformation of the NIS of Russia into an ecosystem. A review of the features of innovation ecosystems has been carried out. Based on the quadruple helix that is the variant of adaptation of the triple helix model to Russian conditions and system economic theory, a structural model of an integrated national innovation system has been developed. The model is based on a quadrangular pyramid, the faces of which reflect the NIS macro-subsystems: science, government, education, and business. The pyramid is divided into three levels of the hierarchy (micro-, meso-, and macro), including the corresponding economic agents. The analysis of links uniting agents belonging to different levels and macro-subsystems of the NIS is carried out. It has been established that interaction between all agents should be based on ecosystem principles, such as mutual responsibility, information openness, equal access to public infrastructure, and others.
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Black, DS, DC Craig, M. Kassiou, and RW Read. "Preferred Equatorial Linkages of Hexahydropyrimidine Rings in Dodecahydro-2,2'-bipyrimidines." Australian Journal of Chemistry 44, no. 1 (1991): 143. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch9910143.
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An X-ray crystallographic study of two new dodecahydro-2,2°-bipyrimidines, prepared from condensation of meso-pentane-2,4-diamine and racemic butane-1,3-diamine with glyoxal , has been carried out, The study demonstrates for the first time that the heterocyclic rings in such underivatized dodecahydrobipyrimidines exist in chair conformations with the bond bridging the two rings arranged equatorially to both. The methyl substituents in each case lie trans to the hydrogens at C2 and C2′ and the more crystalline isomer from the butanediamine precursor is derived from combination of amines of opposite configuration.
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Wang, Shuhong, Steven D. Caldwell, and Xiang Yi. "The effects of education and allocentrism on organizational commitment in Chinese companies." International Journal of Manpower 36, no. 5 (August 3, 2015): 754–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijm-10-2013-0222.
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Purpose – As Chinese companies move to the world stage of business, they must leverage a more knowledgeable and collaborative workforce to meet new challenges. The purpose of this paper is to investigate how two prominent individual attributes, education, and allocentrism, create work tension for human capital practices in Chinese companies. Design/methodology/approach – Surveying nearly 500 workers in four Chinese companies and using multi-level methodology. Findings – The authors found that higher levels of education work to the detriment of employees’ affective organizational commitment (AOC) and positively influence seeking-to-leave behavior. In addition, this study suggests a positive relation between allocentrism and AOC. Personalized leadership, a common leadership style in high-power distance cultures such as China, further exacerbates the problems with higher levels of education and diminishes the commitment benefits of allocentrism. Conversely, regardless of leadership style, if supervisors involve workers in decision-making activities, those workers who are more educated will become more committed to the organization and less likely to leave. Research limitations/implications – The data were collected using self-reported questionnaires, which may cause common method variance. The reliability for personalized leadership was slightly below 0.70. This may be due to the multiple dimensions that are reflected in leadership styles. Another limitation of this study is its focus on allocentrism without considering other personal expression of cultural values. This approach could be too narrow (Gelfand et al., 2007). Practical implications – This study suggests that members who endorse allocentrism might be more likely to have high-affective commitment. If managers can select individuals high on the allocentrism scale, there is a higher likelihood these individuals will attach emotionally to the organization. Managers should not simply conclude that idiocentrics are “worse” employees than allocentrics. Instead, managers may utilize effective management tactics to cultivate more socialized leadership visions among their supervisors. Finally, the authors find that independent of whether leadership is more or less personalized, managers can retain valued educated workers by including them in decision-making activities. Social implications – The authors have found that education may serve as a double edged sword for employers. As hypothesized, the findings suggested that employees’ level of education negatively relates to their affective commitment for their organizations. This study also contributes to the knowledge on the role of culture at the individual level (i.e. allocentrism) and how it affects employees’ attitudes and behavior. The authors found that workers who more highly value the group that they function within (allocentrics) tend to be more affectively committed to their organization. Originality/value – It is one of the first studies to examine educational level and cultural orientation as antecedents to affective commitment, especially in Chinese businesses where workers’ education level is a growing phenomenon and allocentrism is a traditional characteristic of Chinese workers. Also, understanding the dynamics of group-individual linkages is generally most helpful to understanding organizational phenomenon (House et al., 1995). This meso framework is a hallmark feature of the study, given the hierarchical nature of the research inquiry and data set.
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Chakravarty, Arjya, and Jyotsna Bhatnagar. "Engendering leadership in the Indian workplace – a framework on cross-level linkages." South Asian Journal of Business Studies 6, no. 3 (October 2, 2017): 337–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sajbs-08-2016-0071.
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Purpose Gender inequality is a critical economic challenge. A need to conceptualize and understand gender-based issues is of utmost importance to frame policies and processes for healthy workplaces. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach This study attempts to capture the nuances of “gender diversity” issues at the Indian workplace from a grounded theory perspective by highlighting the viewpoints of women leaders and their organizations in the Indian context. Findings The findings reveal certain important themes. Indian organizations which have eliminated stereotyping and sex typing (stereotypical categorization of people according to conventional perceptions of sex) in roles and have implemented gender neutral policies and processes have become preferred employers and achieved better business results. Research limitations/implications The study has proposed a linkage framework (Figure 1) and has suggested ways to understand an organization’s gender imbalance and lack of gender leadership with factors in the micro and macro environment. Organizations may use this model to gain perspective and adapt and invent policies and processes to have more gender diversity at workplace, for sustainable business results. Organizations should deepen their understanding of how “engendering leadership” should be embedded into the macro, micro and meso levels of an organization. Practical implications Organizations that have created gender neutralism by procreating a performance and talent-driven culture find themselves creating positive business results. This was made possible by involving all stakeholders in the efforts to remove and negate gender myths and biases. A false sense of complacency, by creating rules and policies which were never implemented in spirit, proved to be detrimental. Social implications This research attempts to investigate gender diversity’s coherence with the other features of the broader social context. Originality/value To gain perspective of how this phenomenon is manifested in reality in the Indian organizations, the authors conducted a qualitative study to gain deep immersed insights. This research has attempted to contribute and enrich the literature on gender leadership using a grounded theory approach. None of the earlier gender-related studies have applied grounded theory as a methodology.
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McCarthy, Jason R., Michael A. Hyland, and Christian Brueckner. "Indaphyrin, a meso-Tetraphenylsecochlorin-Derived Chromophore Incorporating o-Phenyl-to-β-linkages." ChemInform 34, no. 43 (October 28, 2003). http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.200343097.
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Wang, Yuhua. "State-in-Society 2.0: Toward Fourth-Generation Theories of the State." Comparative Politics, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5129/001041521x16184035797221.
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I characterize modern social scientific studies of the state as comprising three generations: society-centered, state-centered, and the state-in-society approach. I then discuss how recent books by James Scott, David Stasavage, and Daron Acemoglu and James Robinson advance the literature by taking the entire history of human political development into account. Lastly, I build on recent contributions in the field to propose what I call a “State-in-Society 2.0” framework, in which state-society linkages through elite social networks shape the strength and form of the state. The framework provides a potentially promising analytical perspective that sheds new light on the “meso-temporal” dynamics that link broad historical trends in state-society relations with state development outcomes in a variety of cases.
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Pumar, Enrique S. "Transnational threats and security in the Americas: Patterns, contradictions, and more." Economics of Peace and Security Journal 2, no. 2 (July 1, 2007). http://dx.doi.org/10.15355/epsj.2.2.69.
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The article examines conflict patterns in Latin America since the second half of the twentieth century. It seems paradoxical that the region is one of the most peaceful in terms of interstate conflicts while contending with numerous domestic crises. The article first examines the peace studies literature and argues that neither the micro, macro, or more recent meso approach fits the Latin American experience well. Instead, a different approach proposes incorporating the effects of transnationalism, especially of transnational security concerns, into any consideration of peace in the region. Transnational threat perception diverts attention, suggests the need to handle a common enemy, increases the cost of fighting a conventional war, and involves issue-linkages. These factors along with the traditional absence of ethnic rivalries and the presence of international actors sustain the long peace in Latin America.
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Schiller, Benjamin, and Liudvika Leišytė. "Study Program Innovation in the Triple Helix Context: The Case of Cooperative Study Programs at a German University of Applied Sciences." Triple Helix Journal, March 5, 2020, 1–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/21971927-bja10002.
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The purpose of this article is to understand how Triple Helix linkages foster study program innovation at the micro-level and how the entrepreneurial university shapes support structures and processes to foster this innovation at the meso-level. We draw on the case of cooperative study programs from a German university of applied sciences. We selected business administration and nursing as two different disciplinary examples. Cooperative study programs are delivered partly at university and partly in industry and illustrate the hybridity that shapes the knowledge transfer at a university. Our study draws on semi-structured interviews with professors, industry representatives, students and policy makers as well as on pertinent documents. Our data show that Triple-Helix interactions generate program innovations and, depending on the discipline, have a focus on a Double Helix. In addition, the study shows the processes and their limitations by which teaching is transferred in partnership with industry in the entrepreneurial university context.
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Ebbing, Jörg, Yixiati Dilixiati, Peter Haas, Fausto Ferraccioli, and Stephanie Scheiber-Enslin. "East Antarctica magnetically linked to its ancient neighbours in Gondwana." Scientific Reports 11, no. 1 (March 9, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-84834-1.
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AbstractWe present a new magnetic compilation for Central Gondwana conformed to a recent satellite magnetic model (LCS-1) with the help of an equivalent layer approach, resulting in consistent levels, corrections that have not previously been applied. Additionally, we use the satellite data to its full spectral content, which helps to include India, where high resolution aeromagnetic data are not publically available. As India is located north of the magnetic equator, we also performed a variable reduction to the pole to the satellite data by applying an equivalent source method. The conformed aeromagnetic and satellite data are superimposed on a recent deformable Gondwana plate reconstruction that links the Kaapvaal Craton in Southern Africa with the Grunehogna Craton in East Antarctica in a tight fit. Aeromagnetic anomalies unveil, however, wider orogenic belts that preserve remnants of accreted Meso- to Neoproterozoic crust in interior East Antarctica, compared to adjacent sectors of Southern Africa and India. Satellite and aeromagnetic anomaly datasets help to portray the extent and architecture of older Precambrian cratons, re-enforcing their linkages in East Antarctica, Australia, India and Africa.
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Akaka, Melissa Archpru, Hope Jensen Schau, and Stephen L. Vargo. "Practice Diffusion." Journal of Consumer Research, August 12, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jcr/ucab045.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Diffusion is traditionally examined at a macro-level, measured by adoption (e.g., sales), or at a micro-level, assessed by consumer characteristics (e.g., adopter types). We address diffusion at a meso-level focusing on how a practice disseminates across extended time and cross-cultural and cross-national space. We conduct an historical analysis and ethnographic inquiry of the dispersion of an indigenous practice, surfing, and the consequences of practice diffusion on practice reproduction. Our data suggest practice diffusion is not the wholesale adoption of a practice. Rather, a practice emerges across diverse cultural and national contexts through adaptation, fueled by processes of codification and transposition. We find that the movement of practice elements (meanings, materials, and competences) and their dynamic linkages (transposition, codification, and adaptation) enable a practice to (re)emerge across broad historic epochs and complex sociocultural landscapes. This study reveals how a practice evolves through shifts in power between practice carriers and non-carriers and results in distinct forms of practice reproduction (demarcation, imitation, acculturation, and innovation) that can mask the cultural genealogy of a practice. The continual maintenance and evolution of a practice depends on its strength of alignment and embeddedness within systems of practices that make up the social fabric of everyday life.