Journal articles on the topic 'Mermaid Play Society History'
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Páramo Pérez, Adriana. "Shifting views on the pregnant body: Filming the play Anatomía dunha serea." International Journal of Iberian Studies 35, no. 3 (September 1, 2022): 293–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/ijis_00083_1.
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Anatomía dunha serea (‘Anatomy of a mermaid’) () is a documentary theatre play in which the Galician actor Iria Pinheiro shares the experiences of obstetric violence she went through during and after labour. I filmed Pinheiro’s creative process when putting the play together. As I was filming, I found Anatomía dunha serea presented a reality that is still debated in Spain, disrupting the performative image of the pregnant woman that has been perpetuated in cultural production within western patriarchal society. In this article, I address how I use video essay as a research form to analyse the subversive nature of the play, looking at how Pinheiro uses parody as a device to disrupt, and how she confronts us with the image of the pregnant woman typically portrayed in films. Furthermore, what started as an investigation into the actor’s creative process turned into a personal exploration to understand more about the pregnant woman who infiltrates the Galician and Spanish imaginary. By analysing to what extent the image we get from films has been framed by the depictions of the pregnant Virgin Mary and how subversive portrayals in films are sometimes made invisible, I intend to challenge how we present the pregnant woman on screen.
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Vamplew, Wray, and Dennis Brailsford. "Sport, Time and Society: The British at Play." Economic History Review 45, no. 4 (November 1992): 808. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2597437.
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Beatty, Barbara. "JOHN DEWEY'S HIGH HOPES FOR PLAY:DEMOCRACY AND EDUCATIONAND PROGRESSIVE ERA CONTROVERSIES OVER PLAY IN KINDERGARTEN AND PRESCHOOL EDUCATION." Journal of the Gilded Age and Progressive Era 16, no. 4 (October 2017): 424–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1537781417000317.
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Exploring John Dewey's hopes for play reveals much about the key role he thought it played in education in a democratic society. PlacingDemocracy and Educationin the context of Progressive Era controversies over play in the kindergarten movement and preschool education illustrates Dewey's view that teacher-guided free play could reconcile the dilemma of the need for individual agency and social discipline. Dewey built upon and critiqued the scripted play pedagogy of kindergarten founder Friedrich Froebel. Drawing in part from progressive kindergarten teachers, Dewey constructed his own notion of play that he argued fostered experiential learning, voluntary participation, and social order. For Dewey, play and work were naturally linked in ways in which the needs of the child and society coalesced. Analysis of sources from the kindergarten movement and the Sub-primary Department at the University of Chicago Laboratory School provide background for interpreting some of Dewey's writings on play, which influenced modern contests over how young children learn and should be taught.
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Maynard, Kairo. "To be Black. to be a Woman. Can Dramatherapy help Black Women to Discover Their True Self despite Racial and Gender Oppression?" Dramatherapy 39, no. 1 (March 2018): 31–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02630672.2018.1432668.
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This article is part of an arts-based, auto-ethnographic report that focuses on the complexities of Black women's identity, in relation to my own journey of self-discovery when navigating societal racism and sexism. The body of work documents my process as I devised a 30-minute solo performance, while the rehearsal process highlights assimilation similarities between Hans Christian Anderson's The Little Mermaid and the experiences faced by Black women. This revelation opened new dramatic possibilities for me to create four characters based on the negative roles ascribed to Black women in Western society. Moreover, role theory has been applied to promote psychological healing, while the dramatic metaphor acts as a container. Embodiment and role are central to dramatherapeutic practice; by exploring ourselves through role, we can understand the roles and masks we adopt, through either choice or obligation. Throughout history, Black women are said to experience harsher societal and cultural pressures, including disproportionately high levels of racism. Prolonged racial chastisement through Western external and culture-based messages can negatively inform identity and sense of self. This can lead to mental health issues caused by internalised racism, defined as integrating as true the negative stereotypes perpetuated by white-dominant society.
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Boer, Roland. "A Titanic Phenomenon: Marxism, History and Biblical Society." Historical Materialism 16, no. 4 (2008): 141–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156920608x357756.
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Marxist contributions to biblical criticism are far more sustained and complex than many would expect. This critical survey of the state of play, with a look back at the main currents that have led to that state, deals with Marxist contributions to the reconstructions of biblical societies and the interpretation of the literature produced by those societies. It begins by outlining the major Marxist positions within current biblical criticism and then moves on to consider two possible sources of further insight from outside biblical criticism: Western-Marxist studies of the ancient world (Karl Kautsky, Perry Anderson and G.E.M. de Ste. Croix) and the long and neglected tradition of Soviet-era Russian work on the ancient Near East. I conclude by pointing to a number of lingering problems: the unreliability of the literature for historical purposes; the lack of fit between juridical distinctions in the literature and class distinctions in the ancient world; the question as to whether the state can be a class; and the viability of imposing on the ancient world Marxist categories developed in very different situations.
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Vaporis, Constantine, and Nam-lin Hur. "Prayer and Play in Late Tokugawa Japan: Asakusa Sensoji and Edo Society." Monumenta Nipponica 55, no. 4 (2000): 595. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2668255.
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Sachs, Miranda. ""But the Child Is Flighty, Playful, Curious"." Historical Reflections/Réflexions Historiques 45, no. 2 (June 1, 2019): 7–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/hrrh.2019.450202.
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By the end of the nineteenth century, working-class children increasingly fell under adult supervision. Working-class boys, however, retained much autonomy over their leisure time. By examining memoirs and police archives, this article shows that boys’ play often flirted with the criminal or the dangerous. When boys entered the workplace, this reputation for lawless play followed them. Drawing on accident reports, this article demonstrates that employers and republican labor inspectors blamed boys for dangerous workplace accidents by highlighting boys’ playful nature. The article concludes by showing how reformers constructed spaces for boys’ leisure in an attempt to tame and direct their play. I argue that this reckless play became one of the defining characteristics of working-class boyhood both within peer society and to external observers. Regulating boys’ play thus became a way to ensure that they matured seamlessly into worker-citizens.
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Muneroni, Stefano. "Jesuit History, Theatre, and Spirituality." Religion and the Arts 23, no. 3 (June 10, 2019): 273–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685292-02303004.
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Abstract The 2014 staging and publication of Jonathan Moore’s play Inigo offers a unique commentary on the relationship between acting and spirituality within the Society of Jesus, the official name of the Jesuit Order. Through a close analysis of Moore’s play, this article contends that Jesuit spirituality draws on performative skills to inspire exemplary behavior and foster an embodied and long-lasting response to devotional narratives. In probing post-secular readings of hagiographical drama, the author considers the reasons for the ongoing fascination exerted by saints as stage characters in contemporary plays and argues that the success of Inigo is due to its humanistic reconfiguration of the notions of sanctity, faith, and redemption, as well as to its understanding of sainthood as the result of answering a religious and artistic vocation.
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DYACHENKO, Natalia V. "Patriotism as educational work phenomenon in Russian society." Culture and Safety 2 (2022): 40–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.25257/kb.2022.2.40-45.
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The article discusses the question of forming "patriotism" category in Russian history. The author, summarizing the ongoing and implemented principles of patriotic education in the country, gives examples of the elements that can play a positive role in implementing patriotic education goals and objectives.
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Mihăilescu, Adina. "A look at the consumption history of the Romanian society." Sociology International Journal 6, no. 1 (February 28, 2022): 36–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/sij.2022.06.00261.
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During the three decades of 1915-1944, the national currency was subjected to long periods of instability and depreciation. Domestic prices have evolved under the strong influence of internal and external factors and the economic policy of the state. New influences came into play with the outbreak of World War I in 1914. At the end of 1939, in determining the value of the expenses, the displacement produced in the structure of consumption was also taken into account with the disappearance of some of the products or the decrease of the number of others. After 1948, food and service expenditures increased in 20 years of existence among the families of employees, but not significantly, instead the share of expenditures for non-food products decreased; among peasant families, food consumption increased more than among employees and non-food and service expenditures fell.
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Petrovic, Ivana, and Andrej Petrovic. "General." Greece and Rome 66, no. 2 (September 19, 2019): 334–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0017383519000159.
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Most of us tend to encounter Greek myths in childhood as exciting stories brimming with heroes, monsters, and moody divinities. The story of Odysseus’ homecoming and the story about the Little Mermaid feature different characters, but their relationship to reality is understood to be the same: they are fantasy, and not real. If, like me, you were lucky enough to escape the Disneyfication of fairy tales in your childhood, perhaps you will remember the brutality and harshness of folktales, which puts them on a par with many Greek myths. My first encounters with ancient Greek stories about the gods and heroes were very similar to Sarah Iles Johnston's: we were both captivated by Greek myth as children, and the passion, once kindled, only grew stronger when we became mature enough to read the ‘real thing’. In my case, learning about ancient Greek culture and becoming a scholar of Greek religion required a thorough rethink, as I needed to readjust my stance towards Greek myths in order to understand the role that they played in ancient Greek society as formative narratives about the communities’ identities, early history, and human relationships with the gods. My process essentially required an emotional detachment from the beloved heroes of my childhood and a significant amount of distancing.
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Wilkins, John. "The Young of Athens: Religion and Society inHerakleidaiof Euripides." Classical Quarterly 40, no. 2 (December 1990): 329–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0009838800042919.
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Philostratos records that the ephebes of Athens wore a black χλαμ⋯ς to commemorate their murder of Kopreus in defence of the Herakleidai. Both the Herakleidai and a herald of Eurystheus appear inHerakleidaiof Euripides, but the murder of the herald is not at issue, nor indeed is there any reference to ephebes or ephebic practice. This state of affairs will cause no surprise, for tragedy regularly selects its story-line from the wider range of the myth, and later uses to which that myth may be put have no necessary bearing on the play. It is however the contention of this article that the religious and social context ofHerakleidaihas been neglected, and that careful reconstruction of that context from later sources, restoring to us the associations that Euripides could assume in his own day, is an essential prerequisite to any aesthetic or dramatic interpretation of the play.
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Garvey, Brenda. "Storytelling and Play in a Pular Village." Nottingham French Studies 52, no. 1 (March 2013): 44–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/nfs.2013.0039.
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In Pular society in southern Senegal, women work in communal groups within the family compound, sharing tasks such as food cultivation and preparation and the supervision of children. The working day is long and the labour can be tedious but, within these groups, the women find time to perform and entertain, telling stories and singing songs that reflect and critique the society in which they live. Storytelling practices outside the griot tradition have been underrepresented in critical literature partly because of the domestic spaces in which they occur but these informal, improvised performances allow storytellers to create and communicate images of themselves that are unseen elsewhere. Taking the Pular village of Temento Samba as a case study, this article examines how women use play to express individual and communal concerns and to suggest actions for potential change.
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Shuman, Amy, and Edward M. Bruner. "Text, Play, and Story: The Construction and Reconstruction of Self and Society 1983 Proceedings of the American Ethnological Society." Western Folklore 46, no. 1 (January 1987): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1500021.
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Perkin, Harold. "Teaching the nations how to play: sport and society in the British empire and commonwealth." International Journal of the History of Sport 6, no. 2 (September 1989): 145–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09523368908713685.
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Рой, Уляна. "До історії постановки драми Війт заламейський на сцені українського народно- го театру товариства „Руська Бесіда” (переробка Івана Франка з п’єси Педро Кальдерона Саламейський алькальд)." Pomiędzy. Polonistyczno-Ukrainoznawcze Studia Naukowe 1, no. 1 (2015): 123–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.15804/pomi201508.
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To the Hixtory of Staging The Mayor of Zalamea on the Stage of Rux’ (Uhrainian) National Theater of the Society „Ruska Besida" (the Rehash of Franko from the Play of Pedro Calderon The Mayor of Zalamea). Ukrainian theater of the society Ruska Besida was one of the essenfial components in the development of Ukrainian culture in Eastern Galicia. Cultural development was also provided by the acfivifies of Ivan Franko. His work for the theater was often underesfimated and superficially studied. This was especially true when the rehash of Ivan Franko The Mayor of Zalamea appeared in the repertoire. The history of staging of this play is important to the history of Ukrainian theatre.
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Alturki, Hend Mohammed. "Museum Collections and the Importance of Studying History." Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal 7, no. 8 (August 12, 2020): 118–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.78.8771.
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Generally speaking , museums reflect peoples civilizations, enhance patriotism , and play a vital role in serving culture and heritage .in addition, they monitor and document the history of nations and traditions of peoples through their cultural programs. They also provide an image of the cultural momentum and indicate how far the society is aware of the importance of historical documentation. From this perspective , museum visitors have the opportunity to be acknowledged with the cultures and civilizations of nations through their antiquity collections .
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Asuquo, Offiong Offiong. "THE PRESENT DAY RELEVANCE OF EKPE SOCIETY/MASQUERADE TO THE EFIKS OF NIGERIA." Jurnal Sosialisasi: Jurnal Hasil Pemikiran, Penelitian dan Pengembangan Keilmuan Sosiologi Pendidikan, no. 1 (July 30, 2020): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.26858/sosialisasi.v0i1.14492.
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The Efiks have a lot of traditional plays and masquerades. Among them are Ekpe, Ukwa, Nnabo, Ibom, Ibo, Abang, Okpo, Ofiom, Tinkoriko and Nnuk among others. The origin of most of them are obscure, but they are all colourful masquerades which often display and entertain at festive and important occasions. Some of them are associated with cults or societies which play important roles in the community. They include Ekpe, Ukwa and Nnabo. This paper examines the meaning of Ekpe play and society, its history and background, its past role in the community, and its relevance and present day role in the society
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Gijseghem, Hendrik Van. "A Frontier Perspective on Paracas Society and Nasca Ethnogenesis." Latin American Antiquity 17, no. 4 (December 2006): 419–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/25063066.
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It has long been recognized that the Nasca culture (ca. A.D. 1–750) of the Peruvian south coast finds its roots in the Paracas society (ca. 800 B.C.–A.D. 1). Yet the social mechanisms responsible for the innovations that characterize the transition are poorly known. The southern Nasca region, which became the most dynamic region in terms of ceremonial life and intervalley integration, however, was never an important area of Paracas occupation. In this article I use literature on migration and frontier development to explain the genesis of Nasca society. Four phenomena that are common on historical frontiers seem to have been at play in the southern Nasca region: initial simplification of hierarchy, pioneer effect, “wealth-in-people,” and factionalism. Based on data from excavations at La Puntilla, a settlement that spanned the Late Paracas—Initial Nasca transition, I argue that the needs of interregional integration and cooperation following initial settlement of the frontier by Paracas populations and subsequent demographic growth prompted the genesis of Nasca society. The proposed long-term scenario also provides a context for later innovations in water management and agricultural intensification.
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Hartenian, Larry. "The Role of Media in Democratizing Germany: United States Occupation Policy 1945–1949." Central European History 20, no. 2 (June 1987): 145–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008938900012589.
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The Allied defeat of the German Wehrmacht in May 1945 brought the military struggle against fascism in Europe to an end. Yet with the occupation of Germany the struggle against fascism was to continue on other fronts. Germany was to be “demilitarized,” the economy “decartelized,” and the society “denazified. ” Ultimately Germany was to be “democratized.” The newly established media were to play a major role in the transformation of German attitudes, in this attempt to “reeducate” the Germans.
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Raḥman, Fida ur, and Rashid Aḥmed. "Role of Masjid in Social Reformation in Contemporary Pashtun Society." Journal of Islamic and Religious Studies 2, no. 2 (February 9, 2020): 45–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.36476/jirs.2:2.12.2017.18.
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Pulpit and Masjid play very pivotal and productive role in a Muslim society. It not only educates and guides Muslims in religious matters as well shapes the social attitude and role of Muslims. Moreover, it is evident by the history that Islamic State was run by the Head of the State from Masjid. Unfortunately, pulpit and Masjid have been losing sense of their actual responsibility as an agent of social cohesion, integration and reformation. The paper is an attempt of studying the current role of pulpit and Masjid regarding religious education and training, exploring the factors that have been hampering the way of realizing the dream of social reformation in contemporary Pashtun society by not allowing pulpit and Masjid to play its due role in this respect and suggesting feasible recommendation for coping with the issue. The study is based on primary data that was collected through questionnaire in District Bannu and Lakki Marwat.
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Addlakha, Renu. "Slow Progress for Women with Disabilities in India." Current History 121, no. 834 (April 1, 2022): 129–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/curh.2022.121.834.129.
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This essay examines the engendering of disability in India over the past half a century through a reflexive lens; the author has been both an observer and participant in this process. The article looks at how women with disabilities have emerged as a distinct category in the different registers of state, civil society, and academia, in the face of overwhelming odds as individuals and invisibility as a group. It also discusses how notions of human rights and empowerment play out in the entangled web of state discourses, routine practices, and everyday lived experiences.
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MILLAN, MATTEO. "The Institutionalisation ofSquadrismo: Disciplining Paramilitary Violence in the Italian Fascist Dictatorship." Contemporary European History 22, no. 4 (October 9, 2013): 551–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960777313000349.
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AbstractThis article argues that squadrismo represented a central feature in the ideology and politics of Fascist Italy, influencing the whole period of the dictatorship. In the second half of the twenties, many squadristi became political prisoners, accused of being ‘bad Fascists’: it looked like the end of squadrismo. Despite punishments and (brief) periods of imprisonment, the squadristi actually continued to play an important part in the fascistisation of Italian society, in particular during the intransigent 1930s. By disciplining the blackshirts while continuing to make use of their particular skills, Fascism hoped to ‘tame the revolution’.
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Johnson, Lynn. "Friendship, Coercion, and Interest: Debating the Foundations of Justice In Early Modern England." Journal of Early Modern History 8, no. 1 (2004): 46–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1570065041268924.
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AbstractThis essay examines the significance of friendship and the expectations associated with it in the early modern debate about trust and the fulfillment of obligations as that debate unfolded in England. A thorough rethinking about the foundations of society and the mechanisms of social order focused on the motives and justifications that led people to create and fulfill obligations to others, especially in the area of commutative justice. Commutative justice was achieved when contracts were secure, promises kept, exchanges carried through, and debts paid. The growth of the state, new economic theories, and the development of strict contract encouraged reliance on coercion (or punitive measures) and self-interest. While these visions of society triumphed, there was a show of resistance based on the idea that friendship was a more valuable source of justice because it brought into play the virtues of generosity, gratitude, and promise-keeping (or fidelity). At stake was the very de fi nition and scope of human personality and morality.
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Beckerman, Sandra. "Je kunt alleen vooruit roeien door achteruit te kijken. Pleidooi voor meer politiek in de archeologie en meer archeologie in de politiek." Paleo-aktueel, no. 31 (June 1, 2021): 37–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.21827/pa.31.37-44.
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You can only row forward by looking back. Our past is a complex story. It comprises the best and the worst, atrocities and liberations, grief and jubilation. Archaeology is indispensable for making reconstructions of that past, and knowing the past is vital for understanding the present and the future. “You row forward by looking back, and telling this history is part of helping people navigate toward the future,” Rebecca Solnit (2016) argues. Therefore, archaeology should play an important role in society. Although the role archaeology plays and can play is shaped by political decisions, archaeologists in the Netherlands are reluctant to engage in political decision making. The future of the past is too important to leave solely in the hands of politicians. Archaeology should play a more important role in society; therefore, archaeologists should speak up in the social and political debate.
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Amdur, Kathryn E. "Paternalism, Productivism, Collaborationism: Employers and Society in Interwar and Vichy France." International Labor and Working-Class History 53 (1998): 137–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0147547900013703.
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Long before Michel Foucault compared the factory to a prison, employer paternalism had acquired a pejorative sense for many observers. Those who favored the idea in France preferred the term “patronage,” following the usage of engineer and social philosopher Frédéric Le Play. The Centre des Jeunes Patrons (CJP), a progressive employers' group founded in 1938 in the wake of the Popular Front social crisis, vowed to “rehabilitate the patronal function.” Corporatist theorists imagined new forms of “association” or “community” in the workplace, a conscious break with paternalist habits of rule by “divine right.”
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Halpern, Richard. "Bassanio’s bailout: A brief history of risk, Shakespeare to Wall Street." Sederi, no. 24 (2014): 27–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.34136/sederi.2014.2.
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Shakespeare’s most searching anatomy of risk, The Merchant of Venice depicts the wagering not only of money but of love and life itself. This paper places Merchant in a long history that traces the concept of risk from classical theatre to medieval scholasticism to modern sociology. Over the course of this history, the moral and economic dimensions of risk become increasingly fugitive and unmappable. Shakespeare’s play illustrates this process in miniature, and in so doing casts light on our contemporary “risk society,” including the financial meltdown of 2008.
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Kanchanapradit, Jarun, and Wanida Bhrammaputra. "Rājādhirāt: From the History to an Influential literature for Mon-accented Thai traditional Repertoires." International Journal of Creative and Arts Studies 2, no. 2 (December 18, 2015): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.24821/ijcas.v2i2.1795.
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This article aimed to study Mon-accented Thai traditional repertoires through Rājādhirāt literature, which owe its origin from the Chronicles of the Mon. It is the story about the battle between the king Rājādhirāt of Pegu and King Farang Mang Kong of Ava. The translated Thai language prose version was arranged by Chao Phraya Phra Khlang (Hon), a poet master during King Rama I. Later during King Rama V, the Rājādhirāt was adapted for theatrical play – Lakorn Pan Tang – leading to development in musical front in order to assign appropriate Mon-accented musical pieces for the characters, their expressions, and story. Anthropologically, Rājādhirāt Literature was not only an entertainment, but also a revival of Mon-accented Thai traditional repertoires which have been associated with the Thai society for so long. The repertoires served as a reminder of once-flourishing Mon history through literature, play, music. Analysis of historical evidence, concerned persons such as the translator of Rājādhirāt from Burmese to Thai language, experienced Thai musician who played and assigned the repertoires; and expressive interpretation of musical repertoires from Rājādhirāt play by the Fine Arts Department are the integral process that made this article present another perspectives of Mon-accented Thai traditional repertoires while featuring relationship between literature, play and music in Thailand.
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Hudis, Peter. "Dialectics, ‘the Party9 and the Problem of the New Society." Historical Materialism 3, no. 1 (1998): 95–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156920698100414310.
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AbstractThis is an especially auspicious moment to reconsider the problem of organisation in Marxist theory. This is not needed for the sake of rehashing old debates about which strategy or tactic can best ‘make’ the revolution. In a century that has seen many revolutions come to power but none lead to the creation of a new society we have different reasons for exploring the problem of organisation. The question is, what kind of organisation, and what relation between organisation, spontaneity, and revolutionary theory, can best combat the tendency of new forms of oppression to emerge after the seizure of power? In other words, what role does revolutionary organisation play in the effort to envision and help work out the new human relations needed to ensure any successful transformation of society?
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Fette, Julie. "Acting the Dreyfus Affair: History and Theater in the French Classroom." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 126, no. 3 (May 2011): 737–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/pmla.2011.126.3.737.
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As a professor of French Studies, I had often wished to develop a course in which students could mount a play in French. Its pedagogical value seemed obvious: performing in a foreign language and managing a theatrical production could help students increase their knowledge of French society while improving pronunciation and vocabulary. However, my lack of expertise in the theory and practice of theater stymied me. I had also often longed to teach a course about the Dreyfus affair. The story of a French officer falsely convicted of selling military secrets to the Germans, which tore apart French society for a decade, it contains plenteous teachable issues about France: nationalism, anti-Semitism, the birth of intellectuals, treason and raison d'état, the rise of the modern press and public opinion, the separation of church and state, Third Republic politics, military justice, Franco-German rivalries, and even handwriting analysis. But I doubted that a French department would welcome a whole course just on the Dreyfus affair.
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Ebeling, K. Smilla. "Sexing the Rotifer: Reading Nonhuman Animals’ Sex and Reproduction in 19th-Century Biology." Society & Animals 19, no. 3 (2011): 305–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853011x578974.
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AbstractThis paper looks at the role nonhuman animals play in how we think about sex, gender, and sexuality in zoology and in society. In examining the history of ideas regarding a microscopic invertebrate species—rotifers—the paper explores how humans have projected aspects of their lives onto nonhuman animals and how they have extrapolated from nonhuman animals to human society. The paper emphasizes the intersections between knowledge about nonhuman animals and gender and sexuality politics.
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Trembach, Stan. "Library Services to Multicultural Populations through the Lens of History: A Literature Review." International Journal of Librarianship 7, no. 2 (December 15, 2022): 61–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.23974/ijol.2022.vol7.2.259.
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In today's increasingly globalized and interconnected world, libraries play a critical role in the integration of their culturally and ethnically diverse service populations into the mainstream of American society. This literature review traces the historical development of culturally responsive library service from its earliest format, readers advisory, to contemporary forms of library support available to multicultural communities. Current policy response to specific issues involved in library work with multicultural constituencies is also examined, along with the contributions of such work to the ongoing interdisciplinary global citizenship discourse.
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Samman, Maram M. "Crossing Canadian Cultural Borders: A study of the Aboriginal/White Stereotypical Relations in George Ryga's The Ecstasy of Rita Joe." International Journal of Applied Linguistics and English Literature 7, no. 1 (December 15, 2017): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.7n.1p.92.
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This paper traces the intercultural journey of a young Aboriginal girl into the hegemonic white society. Rita Joe crossed the imaginary border that separates her reserve from the other Canadian society living in the urban developed city. Through this play, George Ryga aims at achieving liberation and social equality for the Aboriginals who are considered a colonized minority in their land. The research illustrates how Ryga represented his personal version of the colonial Aboriginal history to provide an empowering body narrative that supports their identity in the present and resists the erosion of their culture and tradition. The play makes very strong statements to preserve the family, history and local heritage against this forced assimilation. It tells the truth as its playwright saw it. The play is about the trail of Rita Joe after she moved from her reserve in pursuit of the illusion of the city where she thought she would find freedom and social equality. In fact the audience and the readers are all on trial. Ryga is pointing fingers at everyone who is responsible for the plights of the Aboriginals as it is clear in the play. He questions the Whites’ stereotypical stand against the Aboriginals. The play is a direct criticism of the political, social and cultural systems in Canada. The paper reveals Aboriginals' acts of opposition to racism, assimilation and colonization as represented in The Ecstasy of Rita Joe.
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Admin, ICR. "Islam, Corruption, Good Governance, and Civil Society: The Indonesian Experience." ICR Journal 2, no. 1 (October 15, 2010): 109–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.52282/icr.v2i1.683.
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Corruption is no doubt one of the most serious problems faced by many countries, including Muslim countries such as Indonesia. Sometimes it might seem that the teachings of Islam - a religion which prohibits corruption - alone do not work to prevent Muslims from conducting such harmful acts. The author of this article therefore looks at other factors that influence Muslims in their daily lives and reviews the status of governance. In his view, one way to address the problem of corruption would be the fostering of good governance. However, at the same time Muslims would need a vibrant and dynamic civil society that can play a crucial role in the creation and empowerment of good governance. In Indonesia, a majority Muslim country - in fact the largest Muslim country in the world - a large number of Islam-based civil societies exist. The author discusses the role of Islamic teachings against corruption, and the recent experiences of Indonesia in combating this vice, particularly the role of an Islamic civil society sphere.
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NAROCHNITSKAYA, Natalia. "Historical Consciousness and Ideology at Turning Points in Russian History." Perspectives and prospects. E-journal, no. 4-2020/1-2021 (2021): 7–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.32726/2411-3417-2021-1-7-35.
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The evolution of the historical consciousness of Russian society over two centuries shows its potential to play a destructive or a saving role in dramatic moments of history, when out the prime value of the national statehood continuum is challenged by outer or inner attacks. The Russian intelligentsia's maximalist “reception” of Marxism resulted into total nihilism and a zeal to sacrifice the statehood for the sake of world revolution. However, having started in 1917 with a radical overthrow of Russian history, the authorities reincorporated it into the Soviet doctrine on the eve of the World War II, which resurrected national feeling and unity and enabled victory in the mortal fight. New ideological but equally nihilistic maxims once again prevailed and lead inter alia to the second collapse of the state in 1991. Historical consciousness of contemporary society, especially of young generations, is particularly prone to rapid changes and alternative extremes in the era of information technologies, which confirms the crucial importance of historical education to maintain spiritual sovereignty and national conscience as its core.
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Jan, Ahmad Saeed, and Muhammad Saeed Shafiq. "Woman in the Islamic society and her role in the Past and Present." Fahm-i-Islam 1, no. 2 (December 31, 2018): 85–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.37605/fahm-i-islam.1.2.6.
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There is no doubt that Islam has provided basic and permanent rules and guidance for the establishment of better and peaceful society. And has given equal rights to man and woman to established a strength in society, therefore a Muslim woman has a Key role In the Islamic society. When we study the Islamic history and seer’ah we can find tremendous examples of the role of the women in the Muslim’s society. Muslim woman plays her role in different shapes in the society, like Mother, Daughter, sister, and teacher. Apart from this contribution Islam has given her opportunities to play her role in different fields of the life, under the umbrella of Islamic rules and ethics.
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Casile, Anne. "Climatic Variation and Society in Medieval South Asia: Unexplored Threads of History and Archaeology of Mandu." Medieval History Journal 24, no. 1-2 (May 2021): 56–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09719458211056147.
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Instabilities of the monsoon climate system, along with alternating periods of severe dryness and wetness, are known to have punctuated and disrupted the lives of peoples and institutions across Asia during medieval times. As far as India is concerned, the topic has attracted little attention from historians and archaeologists. Did climatic variations play a determining role in societal changes in medieval times? The aim of this article is not to answer, but to raise and refine this question by calling for new interdisciplinary initiatives which would enrich our reading and understanding of the past and contribute different threads to the narratives of medieval history and archaeology. While doing so, it highlights two lingering ‘lacks’ underlying the well-established historiography: the lack of attention to nature, and thus to climate; and the lack of archaeology. Attention is then focused on recent advances in palaeoclimatology and in research linking climate and society, in which India is yet to find a substantial place. Finally, the article outlines prospects and openings for the study of the medieval past as it relates to the climate-water-society nexus, by presenting an ongoing project called MANDU exploring histories and archaeologies of the land-waterscapes of Mandu in Central India.
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Patiño-Contreras, Alejandro. "Fantastic Primeval Beings and Their Roles in Reconstructions of Indigenous Colonial Cosmologies from the Eastern Andes of Colombia." Ethnohistory 67, no. 4 (October 1, 2020): 621–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00141801-8579278.
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Abstract This article addresses the roles of fantastic primeval beings in foundational aboriginal narratives collected in writing by Spanish friars during campaigns of conversion in the Eastern Andes of Colombia during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries CE. This article argues that fantastic creatures are not mere fiction or propaganda. On the contrary, these characters constitute key cultural referents that play essential roles in shaping and bringing into existence society and cosmos in indigenous cosmologies during the colonial period. Foremost, these characters are rendered as necessary to deliver the colonial world into existence.
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Hrvatin, Klara. "Japanese Artists’ Responses to COVID-19." Asian Studies 10, no. 1 (January 19, 2022): 183–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/as.2022.10.1.183-209.
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Artists are responding very differently to the COVID-19 around the world. In Japan, this has been manifested in artistic production of the mythical creature called Amabie, one of the yōkai. Most often, it appears as a mermaid, with both animal and human features recognizable by its three limbs, long hair, beak-like mouth and body covered by scales. This is a mythical character which, according to legend, allegedly predicted the plague and advised people to share drawings of its image with each other, thus protecting them from diseases. The character was documented for the first time in 1846 in one of the early kawaraban newspapers. This paper presents a new wave of Amabie that overran social media when COVID-19 seriously affected Japan. The author focuses on the world of art, where the character distinctly stepped to the fore, and examines the characteristics of Amabie’s interpretation by selected artists. One of the first to attract special attention in this respect is the artist Shigeru Mizuki (1922–2015), a master of the yōkai genre, whose comic book featuring Amabie was revived in the midst of the pandemic. He was followed by other illustrators, designers and artists or groups of artists. Utilization of the character of Amabie as a talisman, however, is specific not only of the artists’ domain. The mass popularization of the character, including drawings, puppets, paper sculptures, costumes, sweets, tattoos and the like can be followed through all kinds of social media. The paper attempts to lay stress on the phenomenon of the struggle of Japanese society with COVID-19 through the prism of popularizing Amabie folklore, which has become in the last few months an internet meme and mascot of pop culture that has spread around the entire world.
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Leposa, Balázs. "Martinászok polgári köntösben : A magyar termelési dráma Mándi Éva Hétköznapok hősei című műve alapján." Theatron 14, no. 3 (2020): 71–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.55502/the.2020.3.71.
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Éva Mándi’s play Everyday Heroes premiered in November 1949 in the Budapest Inner City Theatre. While this was the first time in the history of Hungarian theatre that a hyper-realistic iron foundry and foundry workers were presented on the stage of an urban theatre, the play and its performance still follow the beats of a pre-war society comedy both in dramaturgy and diction, even though the coda doesn’t feature the reunion and marriage of lovers, but the triumph of increased production.
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Anggaraditya, Putu Bagus. "A history of the King in the sky: Balinese Kite Festival." Bali Tourism Journal 1, no. 1 (July 28, 2017): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.36675/btj.v1i1.4.
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‘Pelangi’ (Persatuan Layang-Layang Bali) or Bali Kite Association, held a kite flying festival from early July until the end of October 2017. It aims to preserve culture, stimulate creativity and grow bond and togetherness among societies as well as become a tourist attraction. Government supports the festival as means of cultural preservation as well as a tourist attraction for domestic and foreign. However, as time goes by, the land to play kite is getting narrower due to development. Therefore, attention and participation by local government and society are needed to maintain the availability of land for the sake of the preservation of this cultural festival.
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Rhydderch-Dart, Daniel. "THE JUDICIAL WORK OF THE CAERNARFONSHIRE QUARTER SESSIONS DURING THE MID-NINETEENTH CENTURY." Welsh History Review / Cylchgrawn Hanes Cymru 30, no. 4 (December 1, 2021): 521–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.16922/whr.30.4.4.
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The article portrays elements of life in Caernarfonshire for the period 1855 to 1865 as reflected in the files and Order Books of the county's Quarter Sessions. The study is confined to one decade and this made possible a systematic analysis of all the cases and administrative duties of the Caernarfonshire Quarter Sessions during these years. The years chosen form part of an era described by Ieuan Gwynedd Jones as 'distinctive':2 years of progress, population movement and growing 'respectability'. He speaks of a society 'fractured and uneasy with itself'.3 Trends in convictions, causes and types of crime, perpetrators and the attitude of magistrates and the public all play their part in building a picture of a community.
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Adriaansen, Robbert-Jan, and Tina van der Vlies. "Discussiedossier: uitdagingen voor de hedendaagse historische cultuur." Tijdschrift voor Geschiedenis 134, no. 1 (June 1, 2021): 102–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/tvg2021.1.007.adri.
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Abstract Challenges for contemporary historical culture. An introduction The concept of historical culture refers to the ways in which society deals with the past in the broadest sense. The concept enables an integrated study of the different, and sometimes conflicting practices that give meaning to the past. The aim of this thematic section is twofold: it aims to reflect on the value of the concept historical culture for analyzing contemporary society, and it discusses contemporary challenges in historical culture within three key areas of the historiographical praxis: the theory of history, public history and history didactics. These challenges include digitization and the plurality of (dis)information; multi-perspectivity; constructivism and the perceived relativity of historical truth. Herman Paul notices an increased interest in historical culture in the philosophy of history, and argues for more balance in the conceptual and empirical treatment of concepts such as ‘presentism’. Marijke Huisman reflects (self)critically on her role as an academic historian in a public history project on the queer bookstore Savannah Bay. She outlines the difficulties of safeguarding academic principles such as neutrality, contextualization and multi-perspectivity in the context of this project. Karel van Nieuwenhuyse and Tina van der Vlies discuss why increased diversity problematizes the question of what is worth teaching in schools. They show how processes of digitization have changed ‘traditional’ learning processes and ask whether pupils are sufficiently prepared to function in a society where “fake news” and alternative facts start to play increasingly important roles.
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Agena, Martins Moses and Habila, Iranyang Jeremiah. "CONTEXTUALISING HISTORY AND CREATIVITY: AN EXPLORATION OF AHMED YERIMA'S “THE TRIALS OF OBA OVONRAMWEM." Ahyu: A Journal of Language and Literature 1, no. 3 (May 1, 2020): 23–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.56666/ahyu.v1i3.4.
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This paper beams its searchlight on the relationship between history and creativity in Ahmed Yerima's The Trials of Oba Ovonramwem.The study adopted the qualitative research method usingDocumentary Observation Research instrument in line with the textual nature of the work. The theoretical framework used as a tool of analysis is the New Historicism theory propounded by Stephen Greenblatt, the theory aims at understanding the work of art through its historical context and also understanding cultural and intellectual history through literature. It was observed that, the history has been transformed into theatrical products. Thus the efforts of the playwright atcreating drama out of history appear to bridge the gap between fact and fiction in historical drama. The study establishes that the relationship between history and drama is the one which the playwright offers explanation through his play to historical event while forcing on it his thematic preoccupation.The study finds out that historical plays can be used in the most viable way for the promotion and propagation of the African culture. The play has to some extent tried to achieve this role through the use of songs, proverbs, dances, chants, language of the people. This study also reveals that the playwright has made the play relevant to the contemporary society through some specific themes. The study discovers that in using history for drama, the playwrights is free to rework and recognize the actual story depending on the purpose and what the writer aims to achieve with the story, this is done in order for history to have a sharper meaning to the new people who will see it and also to achieve a thematic preoccupation.From the foregoing, it can be said that history has therefore become a source material for the playwrights; they deem it necessary to interpret it by giving it contemporary relevance. The play is therefore a historical play that is set in a milieu which deals with historical personages and events. The history has been artistically woven from real life material into a highly dramatic piece, establishing a sense of a particular historical period and giving the audience necessary information at the same time leading up skillfully to the climaxes supplied by historical facts. As it were, the word of the past replaces the world of the past, since for the New Historicist, the events and attitudes of the past now exist solely as writing. The author's role to a large extent is determined by historical circumstances. The playwright has done this by carefully and skillfully blending history with the use of dramatic techniques such proverbs, chants incantations, characters, setting, irony, and climax. The paper attempts to encourage playwrights to continue to use history as source material in writing their plays It can therefore be concluded that the playwrights draws their source material from mundane human experience i.e. history and weave them with aesthetics through the power of imagination and creativity thus making it a beautiful play that can preserve the history of their society.
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Williams, Rhys H. "Public Islam in the Contemporary World: A View on the American Case." Tidsskrift for Islamforskning 8, no. 1 (February 23, 2014): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/tifo.v8i1.25323.
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The article reviews the status of the highly diverse community of American Muslims, with reference to US national identity and immigration history, history of Islam in the USA, and civil society organization. It is found that on average, and after the civil right movement of the 1960s, Muslims are very well assimilated into the US society and economy, in which the specific American civil society and religious organizations play an important enabling part, providing networks and inroads to society for newcomers as well as vehicles for preserving ethniccultural distinctiveness. This broad pattern of development has not changed in the aftermath of 9/11 and ensuing wars on terror. Compared with the Nordic context, where Muslims are often considered challenging to a secular social order, American Muslims do not stand out as more or differently religious, or any less American, than other religious communities. It is tentatively concluded that, downsides apart, US national identity and civil society structure could be more favorable for the social integration of Muslims than the Nordic welfare state model.
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Yunita, Yuyun, Muhammad Ali, and Novita Herawati. "ISLAMIC CULTURAL HISTORY AS A LIFE PARADIGM." Nizham Journal of Islamic Studies 10, no. 1 (June 20, 2022): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.32332/nizham.v10i1.4228.
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Education is a conscious and planned effort to create a learning atmosphere and learning process so that students actively develop their potential to have religious spiritual strength, self-control, personality, intelligence, noble character, and skills needed by themselves, society, nation and state . Character is the universal valuesof human behavior that includes all human activities, both in the context of relating to God, with oneself, with fellow humans, as well as with the environment, which are manifested in thoughts, attitudes, feelings, words, and actions based on norms. Religious norms, laws, etiquette, culture, and customs of Madrasas play a role in producing students who are smart in science, but also in character and personality. Through the example of Islamic figures and scholars discussed in Islamic Cultural History learning, especially the patience, persistence, and fortitude of the Prophet Muhammad SAW, his companions, scholars, and great figures in Islam so that some characters are built for students such as: religious, honest, disciplined, responsible, independent, social care and hard work.
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Aguirre, Claudia. "Science Centers. Which role can they play to participate in a city social reconstruction?" Journal of Science Communication 13, no. 02 (May 6, 2014): C04. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/2.13020304.
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Science centers are seen as places for communication of science very focused on the mise en scène of the content and methodologies of natural sciences. However, in the recent history, these institutions are transforming their role within education and transformation processes in the society they are engaged with. This communication presents a social project in Medellín, Colombia, that involves a vulnerable community, the local authorities of the city, academic institutions and NGO’s and a science center that is neighbor to this community.
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Langer, Erick D., and Robert H. Jackson. "Colonial and Republican Missions Compared: The Cases of Alta California and Southeastern Bolivia." Comparative Studies in Society and History 30, no. 2 (April 1988): 286–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0010417500015206.
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In Latin America missions have traditionally played a large role in conquering and incorporating native populations into dominant society. Most studies of the missionary enterprise have focused on the colonial period, when the missions reached their high point. The Jesuit missions in Paraguay and the Franciscan missions of central and northern Mexico, for example, ruled over vast territories and thousands of Indians. Although these institutions and their leaders have been widely studied because of their importance and visibility for colonial Latin America, it is not often recognized that missions continued to play a crucial role in the frontier development of the region even after the Spanish and Portuguese had been driven from the continent. Throughout the republican period, missionaries from many orders and creeds became critically important actors who, to a large degree, determined the shape of relations between native peoples and national society. This is quite clear even today in the Amazon basin, where missionaries often provide the natives' first exposure to Europeanized society.
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Hutchison, Gary D. "‘Party Principles’ in Scottish Political Culture: Roxburghshire, 1832–1847." Scottish Historical Review 98, Supplement (October 2019): 390–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/shr.2019.0426.
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In this article it is argued that everyday processes and rituals entrenched political identities in post-reform political culture. The intensification of formal party allegiances—that is, deep and enduring loyalties towards factions within the established partisan structure—was not solely a result of ideology. Allegiances were also strengthened by the local activities of parties and by the infrastructure enhanced (and to an extent imported) by the Scottish Reform Act. These two factors reinforced each other, encouraging a vibrant, and at times violent, set of election rituals. From particular analysis of the constituency of Roxburghshire, it is clear that local party organisations were more autonomous, flexible and deeply rooted in broader society than might be assumed. Moreover, the rituals and processes of electioneering were very closely linked to formal parties and party allegiance. Indeed, the phenomenon of electoral violence, thus far assumed to be practically non-existent in Scotland, was closely related to election rituals and parties. This all suggests that formal partisan identities were more developed, and at an earlier stage, in Scotland than elsewhere in the UK. These identities would go on to play a notable role in shaping the development of mid- and late Victorian Scottish society.
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Kuklinova, Irina A. "CULTURAL MEDIATION: HISTORY AND CURRENT UNDERSTANDING OF THE TERM." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Kul'turologiya i iskusstvovedenie, no. 41 (2021): 240–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/22220836/41/21.
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This paper discusses the history of the use and specific understanding of one of the new museology terms – mediation. The terms of museology as an academic and university discipline still need perfecting, and this is vividly manifested in the use and treatment of the notion of mediation. The term originated in the French-speaking world, and it entered the Russian language in the 2010s. Currently, it is being developed by theoreticians and is also often used by practical workers describing the experience of a museum’s interaction with the surrounding world, there is training in this field for a master’s degree in many higher educational establishments in France (over 1,000 graduates every year). It has been noted that mediation is becoming urgent when a museum finally stops being an “ivory tower” focused on its inner life and opened for an exclusive circle of the initiated. In the second half of the 20th century, the museum turned into an institution opened to the general public. In recent decades, society has been deeply transformed, and cultural institutions in this environment can and should play a special role. Society views them as significant public spaces capable of being a place supporting a certain number of values, inherited from previous generations, and establishing new common values. At the same time, changes in society have touched museums as cultural institutions. They were significantly updated, and a new communicative strategy determined by the term mediation replaced traditional forms of working with visitors. Interactions of the museum with society are becoming more socially focused. And the original understanding of a mediator’s importance as an arbitrator dealing with irreconcilable conflicts, harmonizing the dialogue between individuals and organizations plays an important role in this environment in comprehending the special features of intermediary functions traditional for museums in the context of museum items, individual visitors, and various communities. Various forms of cultural mediation both inside the museum and beyond it are reviewed. They are intended for big audiences and single functions if they are such popular parts of events in modern society. Or they are focused on the long-term interaction of a museum with a limited circle. They can be both the traditional for a museum’s educational services audience (e.g. children) and previously marginalized population groups (convicts, migrants), with whom the museum had had no dialogue in the past.