Relevant bibliographies by topics / Merits review

Academic literature on the topic 'Merits review'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Merits review"

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Altars, Margaret. "The Nature of Merits Review: A Bold Vision Realised in the Administrative Appeals Tribunal." Federal Law Review 41, no. 2 (June 2013): 197–226. http://dx.doi.org/10.22145/flr.41.2.1.

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This article examines the nature of merits review, focusing upon the Administrative Appeals Tribunal. Some forms of merits review are less than full merits review and some are hybrid merits review. It is contended that a proper appreciation of merits review may expose misperceptions concealed in some claims that judicial review resembles merits review.
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Baltosser, William H. "Statistics Without Math Merits Mixed Review." Ecology 86, no. 8 (August 2005): 2254–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/0012-9658(2005)86[2254:swmmmr]2.0.co;2.

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Turner, Ian. "Judicial Review, Irrationality, and the Legitimacy of Merits-Review." Liverpool Law Review 29, no. 3 (November 2008): 309–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10991-008-9047-4.

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Khamlich, Kenza, Lamia Bouchghel, and Farid Bourzgui. "THE MERITS OF TELEDENTISTRY: A NARRATIVE REVIEW." International Journal of Medical Reviews and Case Reports 5, no. 12 (2022): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/ijmrcr.themeritsofteledentistry.

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Asimow, Michael, and Jeffrey S. Lubbers. "The Merits of “Merits” Review: A Comparative Look at the Australian Administrative Appeals Tribunal." Windsor Yearbook of Access to Justice 28, no. 2 (October 1, 2010): 261. http://dx.doi.org/10.22329/wyaj.v28i2.4499.

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This article compares several systems of administrative adjudication. In the U.S., adjudication is typically performed by the same agency that makes and enforces the rules. However, in Australia, almost all administrative adjudication is performed by the Administrative Appeals Tribunal [AAT], a non-specialized adjudicating agency, and several other specialized tribunals that are independent of the enforcing agency. These tribunals (which evolved out of concerns about separation of powers) have achieved great legitimacy. In the U.K., recent legislation [the Tribunals, Courts and Enforcement Act] merged numerous specialized tribunals into a single first-tier tribunal with much stronger guarantees of independence than previously existed. An upper tribunal hears appeals from the first tier and largely supplants judicial review. The article concludes by asking whether the U.S. could learn anything from the Australian and U.K. experience and suggests that a single tribunal to adjudicate federal benefits cases might be a significant improvement over the existing model.Cet article compare un certain nombre de systèmes de règlement judiciaire de différends dans le domaine administratif. Aux Etats-Unis, typiquement, le règlement de différends est effectué par la même agence qui établit les règles et qui les met en application. Toutefois, en Australie, presque tous ces règlements sont effectués par le Administrative Appeals Tribunal [AAT], une agence non-spécialisée de règlement de différends, ainsi qu‟un certain nombre d‟autres tribunaux spécialisés qui sont indépendants de l‟agence qui met les règles en application. Ces tribunaux (qui émanent de préoccupations au sujet de la séparation des pouvoirs) ont atteint un niveau élevé de légitimité. Au Royaume-Uni, une loi récente [la Tribunals, Courts and Enforcement Act] a fusionné plusieurs tribunaux spécialisés en un seul tribunal de première instance ayant des garanties d‟indépendance bien plus fortes qu‟auparavant. Un tribunal supérieur juge les appels des décisions du tribunal de première instance et supplante largement la révision judiciaire. L‟article se termine en posant la question à savoir si les Etats-Unis pourraient apprendre quelque chose de l‟expérience australienne et britannique et suggère qu‟un seul tribunal pour juger les cas de bénéfices fédéraux pourrait constituer une amélioration importante par rapport au modèle existant.
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Cane, Peter. "Merits Review and Judicial Review—The Aat as Trojan Horse." Federal Law Review 28, no. 2 (June 2000): 213–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.22145/flr.28.2.4.

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Creyke, Robin. "Judicial Review and Merits Review: Are the Boundaries Being Eroded?" Federal Law Review 45, no. 4 (December 2017): 627–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.22145/flr.45.4.7.

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Courts and tribunals have distinct roles within the Australian administrative law system at the federal level, and to a lesser extent, in the states and territories. Questions of law are for the courts, and questions of fact are for the executive and tribunals. From time to time this orthodoxy is questioned. Suggestions are made that the courts are increasingly tending to intrude into the province of tribunals. Using cases as illustrations, this article explores five relevant jurisdictional areas —from appeals on a question of law to deference under the Administrative Decisions (Judicial Review) Act 1977 (Cth) s 10(2)(b)(ii)—to test the accuracy of the suggestion.
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Cane, Peter. "Merits Review and Judicial Review—The Aat as Trojan Horse." Federal Law Review 28, no. 2 (June 2000): 213–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0067205x0002800204.

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Creyke, Robin. "Judicial Review and Merits Review: Are the Boundaries Being Eroded?" Federal Law Review 45, no. 4 (December 2017): 627–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0067205x1704500407.

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10

Carney, Terry. "Automation in social security: Implications for merits review?" Australian Journal of Social Issues 55, no. 3 (December 13, 2019): 260–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajs4.95.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Merits review"

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Duffy, Matt J. "Unnamed Sources: A Longitudinal Review of the Practice and its Merits." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2010. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/communication_diss/19.

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This dissertation reviews the history and discourse of the debate regarding the use of unnamed sources in journalism. A quantitative and qualitative content analysis explores how the use of anonymous sources has changed over the years. The ethics justifying their use are examined through the lens of utilitarianism. The author offers guidelines for their future use.
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Thackeray, Vincent Gregory. "Inconsistencies in the rights of review of the merits of Commonwealth administrative decisions /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2001. http://adt.library.uq.edu.au/public/adt-QU20020821.171741/index.html.

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Abid, Chiraz. "L'établissement du contenu du droit aplicable en matière d'arbitrage international." Thesis, Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01D042.

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Le rôle que joue le tribunal arbitral dans l'établissement du contenu du droit applicable n'est pas déterminé dans la plupart des législations d'arbitrage. Cette défaillance du cadre légal conduit à l'interprétation du principe jura novit curia en matière d'arbitrage international. Certes, une transposition pure et simple dans cette matière dudit principe, tel qu'il est appliqué devant les tribunaux étatiques, n'est pas sans difficulté. Néanmoins, en vue de consolider la confiance des parties dans la justice arbitrale et améliorer sa qualité, le tribunal arbitral doit avoir un rôle prépondérant vis-à-vis du droit applicable. En outre, l'office de l'arbitre doit intégrer l'emprise croissante des principes procéduraux fondamentaux. L'administration de la preuve juridique durant l'instance arbitrale s'accomplit à travers différents outils et méthodes. Ces derniers sont, de nos jours, très harmonisés dans les différentes législations et ce grâce à l'effort considérable déployé par les différentes institutions d'arbitrage. Néanmoins, en dépit de leur utilisation fréquente, de leur évolution croissante et leurs avantages indéniables, certains inconvénients persistent et contredisent parfois les besoins d'efficacité et de célérité recherchés par les compromettants. D'autres méthodes, spécifiques pour la preuve juridique, devraient émerger pour une meilleure administration de la justice. Il ne faut toutefois pas privilégier simplement une solution rapide du litige. Il faut qu'elle soit également acceptable et juste aux yeux des parties. Un outil de contrôle de la phase post-arbitrale, qui vise à vérifier si le contenu «censé» établi du droit applicable est correctement appliqué par l'arbitre aux faits de l'espèce, doit pouvoir exister et être efficace. Une telle mesure doit cependant être respectueuse du principe de non révision au fond des sentences
The role of the arbital tribunal in the establishment of the content of the applicable law on the merits is not envisaged in most of the arbitration statutes. This brings us to examine the principle ''jura novit curia" and the opportunity of its application to international arbitration. Applying this principle in the same way it is applied before state courts to international arbitration has led to several difficulties. However in order to encourage the parties to resort to arbitration and to increase their trust in this conflict resolution mechanism, the arbitrator must be actively involved in the establishment of the content of the applicable law. Moreover, the "ex officia" attributions of the arbitrator should always comply with the due process principles. The administration of the proof of the applicable law during an arbitration procedure is nowadays standardized in most of the different law systems, due to the continuous efforts of the arbitration institutions. However, and despite the numerous advantages of the current methods of establishment of the applicable law, many difficulties are still encountered, which is diminishing the efficiency and the celerity expected by the parties from the arbitration process. Therefore, news methods should be developed, without however compromising the quality of the justice rendered: a post arbitral control must be implemented in order to verify whether the arbitrator has correctly applied the law on the merits "as previously established" to the case at hand, while respecting the principle of non review of the award on the merits
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Gunvik-Grönbladh, Ingegerd. "Att bli bemött och att bemöta : En studie om meritering i tillsättning av lektorat vid Uppsala universitet." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för pedagogik, didaktik och utbildningsstudier, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-234705.

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The general purpose of this thesis is to contribute to further understanding of the academic appointment process explored and defined as participation in a collegial educational process. The appointment process for academic positions has historically been regulated by state authorities ever since the first university was established in Sweden and has continuously been questioned for necessity, procedure etc. The object of study is the appointment process focusing the consideration of teaching skill in appointing academic teachers. A theoretical construction is used as a method in order to grasp what the experts and applicants consider. The thesis draws theoretical inspiration from the French sociologist Pierre Bourdieu especially his work on social practice and his explanations within praxeological knowledge. In this thesis cultural capital, habitus and doxa are used as concepts for constructing a social practice. Inspired by Bourdieu’s concepts, the appointment process is made visible grounded on documentation: judgments of qualifications written by external experts and the applicants’ documentation in their applications. The empirical material on merits is analyzed according to Bourdieu’s indicators on symbolic capacities. The disposition of habitus (as an inner organizing principle) is limited to cultural capital and background demographic data. The indicators on scientific skill are also transmitted into symbolic capacities on teaching skill. Three appointments as assistant professors are analyzed, framed by information on advertisement, description of documentation, time lapse and final decision in appointment committees. The main conclusions are that the experts select whom to appoint using their practical sense unaware of the driving forces, explained as social practice. The experts act in line with the purpose of the assignment and they follow all the rules and instructions. Teaching skill is focused by the applicants and experts as practical mastery in the subject field (pedagogical authority). Selection is explained by the concept of habitus. Another conclusion is the tendency to “nuanced” co-optation similar to when appointments were made by self selection and teaching ability was important in early 19th century. A final conclusion is that in positioning of arguments in shared beliefs (doxa) in questioning the appointment process, researchers in the early years of this century represent heterodox opinions.
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Bell, D. J. "The discernment of merit : a review of Georgian Edinburgh, 1746-1793." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/26296.

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Rapid growth of Edinburgh's New Town and equally rapid decline of the old city has overshadowed all later writings on the period and led to an accepted belief that the new was clean, elegant, spacious, healthy, while the old was dirty, quaint, cramped, and disease ridden. The validity of this view was examined by comparison to evidence from unpublished contemporary sources - mainly the Dean of Guild Court records, backed by Council Minutes and newspaper advertisements. A detailed picture of the town was built up, with emphasis on its spatial form and the layout, cost, situation, inhabitants, and condition of its lesser buildings. Contrary to the general view, and in particular to that of the celebrated "Proposals" of 1752, this showed the pre-New Town city to have been spacious, low -built, with a wide choice of dwellings, many with courts or gardens, and most well -maintained. When new development and its occupiers were put into the context of contemporary society, a link formed between hostility to the layout and hostility to the social order it imposed. Characteristics designed to re- inforce a feudal organisation (stripped of its remaining power immediately after the Jacobites' defeat in 1746) appeared antipathetic to the aspirations of the "commercial" society which subsequently emerged. As suburban lodgings became a sign of social achievement, lodging in the town became socially unacceptable though little difference in size, style, and condition of most city and suburban dwellings was discovered. The city's physical decay appears to have begun only after further restructuring of society was repressed in 1793, when its standing became frozen in a radically diminished position. Information on a missing segment of Edinburgh's architectural history, of practical use to those wishing to conserve the value of the area, was uncovered. It was also concluded that the prevention of neglect and redundancy might be achieved by a deeper awareness of the social processes involved in what is often a wholesale disregard of old buildings.
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Pienaar, Melanie. "The merit of environmental impact assessment for civil engineers in South Africa." Thesis, North-West University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/9817.

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Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) has been successfully adopted in South Africa in line with international trends. A number of international scholars found that EIA offers distinct advantages to a proposed project (Bartik, 1988; Porter & van der Linde, 1995; Annandale & Taplin, 2003). The widespread successful adoption of EIA could be an indication that the benefits of conducting EIAs outweigh the potential economic loss due to delays and costs related to the EIA. However, there are negative perceptions about EIA and its influence on development. But the question is whether South African engineers are experiencing these benefits at project level? South African civil engineers are faced with the legislative requirements of EIAs on a daily basis. Through a survey of professionally registered civil engineers this research examined the merits that EIA has for civil engineers. It was found that EIA helps engineers to ensure that they have all the legal aspects of the development in place before the development starts. Furthermore EIA creates the opportunity for the engineers to design out the most significant adverse environmental impacts. It was found that since the implementation of EIA engineers are observing a shift towards more environmentally sound design alternatives. Therefore, if the EIA process is influencing engineers to review their designs from an environmental point of view, it could significantly minimise environmental impacts. According to engineers it was found that, EIA is assisting them in taking all the potential impacts of a new development into account during the design process. The engineering design normally determines the true environmental impact of a development. According to the respondents, the majority were aware of projects where the design was changed as a result of potential impacts highlighted by the EIA. It was found that for the majority of the respondents the environmental review of the design was a key component of the design process. According to the engineers that took part in the survey, they were aware of projects where the EIA improved the sustainability of the design by effecting a change to the design or to the construction materials. Since the implementation of EIA they have become more aware of, not only the life cycle, but also the sustainability of the development. EIA is therefore creating awareness about sustainability in the engineering fraternity. The engineers experienced EIA as a useful tool for improving the sustainability of the design. However, it was found that EIA also caused a significant delay in the majority of the projects where the respondents were involved. The delays were sometimes so severe that it jeopardised the economic feasibility of the projects in question. According to the respondents, the delays are mainly due to slow decision making by the competent authority. Due to this slow decision making process, the engineers blame the competent authority if they start with the construction of the project before authorisation. However, in spite of these delays, the engineers are still of the opinion that EIA is doing more good to the environment than harm to the economy. It was found that what the majority of the engineers knew about the EIA process was what they had learned from their own experience. They agreed that there was very little focus on environmental sustainability during their undergraduate studies and that EIA training during their undergraduate study would have been useful. But in spite of this, the majority of respondents did not complete any environmental short courses or post graduate studies. It was found that EIA does in fact have a positive influence on the work of civil engineers and that they experience these benefits at project level. The engineers have a positive attitude towards EIA and it is increasingly influencing their work positively.
Thesis (M. Environmental Management)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013.
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Rankins, Falcon. "An Investigation of How Black STEM Faculty at Historically Black Colleges and Universities Approach the National Science Foundation Merit Review Process." VCU Scholars Compass, 2017. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/5149.

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This qualitative inquiry explored the ways in which US-born, Black faculty member participants in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) disciplines at Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs) interact with the National Science Foundation (NSF). Eight Black HBCU STEM faculty members with a range of involvement in NSF-related activities were individually interviewed. Topics of discussion with participants included their prior experiences with NSF, their understanding of the merit review process, and their understanding of their personal and institutional relationships with NSF and the STEM community. Two broad findings emerged from the conversations. The first was that issues of communities and social identity were important to the participants’ work as research scientists. Participants prioritized advancing people and communities over advancing the knowledge of ambiguous, disembodied scientific disciplines, and some participants were motivated by interests in social justice. However, participants maintained strong identities as scientists and the discussions provided no evidence that other social factors influenced their application of the scientific method. The second major finding dealt with the role participants perceived their institutions playing in their involvement with NSF. All participants described challenges associated with pursuing research in HBCU environments and, in some cases, the institutional challenges served as the motivation for participants’ projects, with varying consequences. Finally, this study developed and refined a theoretical framework for explaining the underrepresentation of HBCUs in NSF funding streams. In developing this framework, a brief history of the origination of HBCUs, NSF, and the NSF merit review process is presented.
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Mouallem, Ziad. "Le principe du contradictoire, cause de contrôle étatique des sentences arbitrales internationales." Thesis, Paris 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA020030.

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Le principe du contradictoire post-arbitral en matière d’arbitrage international est établi dans la majorité des systèmes juridiques. Toutefois, les décisions des juges étatiques montrent que l’adhésion générale à ce concept masque d’importantes différences concernant sa portée et son application. Cette thèse ne vise point à établir une description théorique du contenu du principe, elle propose une analyse qualitative, dont l’objectif essentiel est la vérification de son individualité, et non le fait qu’il est une simple application du principe civiliste classique. Loin de constater l’adoption définitive d’un concept arbitral autonome, la solution retenue démontre l’opportunité et, donc, le besoin de sa légitimation, ayant un impact direct sur la circulation des sentences arbitrales internationales. En fin de compte, hors de tout encadrement statique, il y a lieu de détecter, à travers la progression de l’étude, une évolution logique et une activité d’apurement au niveau du droit comparé. Cette évolution, d’un principe classique vers un concept arbitral international, à lecture contractuelle et non-statutaire, contenant une règle d’égalité, puis vers un outil technique en état de disparition, ne peut que dévoiler la période d’agonie dans laquelle se place le concept en cause. Cet aboutissement ne contribue pas seulement à souligner les errements conceptuels préjudiciables en jurisprudence comparée, il concourt également à marquer l’un des traits les plus émancipatoires du processus arbitral international. Dans cette optique, une telle conjoncture participerait à l’accélération de la privatisation de la justice arbitrale internationale
The post-arbitral adversarial principle in international arbitration is established in most legal systems. However, decisions of state judges show that general support for this concept masks significant differences in terms of its scope and application. This thesis does not aim to outline a theoretical description of the principle’s content ; it provides a qualitative analysis, the main objective of which is to ascertain its individuality, and not the fact that it is a mere application of the classic civil principle. Far from establishing the definitive adoption of an autonomous arbitral concept, the solution demonstrates the appropriateness and, therefore, the need for its legitimation, and has a direct impact on the movement of international arbitral awards. Ultimately, beyond any static framework, through the progress of the study, a logical development and regularisation activity with respect to comparative law should be detected. This development, from a classical principle to an international arbitration concept, to a contractual and non-statutory reading, containing a rule of equality, and thereafter to a technical tool which is disappearing, can only reveal the death throes in which the concept in question finds itself in. This outcome not only serves to highlight the detrimental conceptual errors in comparative case law, it also helps to mark one of the most emancipatory features of the international arbitration process. In this respect, such a situation would contribute to the accelerated privatisation of international arbitration proceedings
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Banchani, John-Paul Safunu [Verfasser], and Thomas [Akademischer Betreuer] Gehring. "The Role of Functional Differentiation in the Governance of the Decision-Making Process of the African Peer Review Mechanism: Merit-Based Decision-Making or Power Politics? / John-Paul Safunu Banchani ; Betreuer: Thomas Gehring." Bamberg : Otto-Friedrich-Universität Bamberg, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1154433714/34.

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Jolly, Emma Margrethe. "Q1 and Q2 Hamlet Evidence old and new : a case for a revised Q2." Thesis, Brunel University, 2013. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/10543.

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The most widely disseminated narrative about the origins of Shakespeare’s Hamlet describes the playwright completing the second quarto (Q2) c. 1600; that play was passed to his company, divided into parts, performed, and memorially reconstructed by an actor or actors-cum-reporter(s), for playing in the provinces. This text was then printed as the first quarto (Q1) in 1603. The thesis begins by questioning how secure the evidence is firstly for the date of c. 1600, and secondly for memorial reconstruction as the explanation for the relationship of the quartos. The review of contemporary documents regarding the date shows that neither Thomas Nashe’s Preface (1589), nor Philip Henslowe’s Diary entry (1594) nor Thomas Lodge’s Wits Miserie (1596) indicate the author of the Hamlet they mention, and that Francis Meres’ oppositive style in his Palladis Tamia (1598) precludes the inference that Hamlet was omitted because it was not yet written. Together these texts leave open the possibility that the early Hamlet was by Shakespeare. The examination of the primary, underlying source of the play is more conclusive. This shows through the first three way comparison between the quartos and Les Histoires Tragiques that Q1 is closer to the French source than Q2 and that the density of echoes from the source in Q1 is approximately double that of the echoes in Q2. The comparison also offers an innovative, text-based reason for the very different scene 14 of Q1 and act IV scene vi of Q2. Further investigation shows that there is no evidence that Q1 was illegally printed, and new quantitative analysis demonstrates that the analogy of The School for Scandal’s memorial reconstruction (1779) undermines rather than supports the hypothesis of memorial reconstruction. Instead the analyses point to the priority of Q1, and offer fresh evidence for a case that Q1 represents a first draft and Q2 a revised version, which probably was indeed dated c. 1600.
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Books on the topic "Merits review"

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Trial by jury: A brief review of its origin, development, and merits, and practical discussions on actual conduct of jury trials together with a consideration of constitutional provisions and other cognate subjects of importance. Buffalo, N.Y: William S. Hein & Co., 1995.

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Kaplan Test Prep and Admissions. PSAT/NMSQT: Strategies, practice & review. 2nd ed. New York: Kaplan Pub., 2014.

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Princeton Review: Cracking the PSAT/NMSQT with 2 practice tests. 2nd ed. New York: Princeton Review, 2018.

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Publishing, Kaplan, ed. PSAT/NMSQT 2017: Strategies, practice & review with 2 practice tests. 2nd ed. New York: Kaplan Publishing, 2016.

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United States. Office of Merit Systems Review and Studies. Getting involved: Improving federal management with employee participation : a report of the U.S. Merit Systems Protection Board, Office of Merit Systems Review and Studies. Washington, D.C: U.S. Merit Systems Protection Board, 1986.

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The 1984 report on the Senior Executive Service: A report of the U.S. Merit Systems Protection Board, Office of Merit Systems Review and Studies. Washington, D.C: The Office, 1985.

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United, States Congress Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Subcommittee on Oversight of Government Management the Federal Workforce and the District of Columbia. Improving performance: A review of pay-for-performance systems in the federal government : hearing before the Oversight of Government Management, the Federal Workforce, and the District of Columbia Subcommittee of the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs, United States Senate, One Hundred Tenth Congress, second session, July 22, 2008. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2009.

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Improving performance: A review of pay-for-performance systems in the federal government : hearing before the Oversight of Government Management, the Federal Workforce, and the District of Columbia Subcommittee of the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs, United States Senate, One Hundred Tenth Congress, second session, July 22, 2008. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2009.

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Office, General Accounting. Federal research: DOE is providing independent review of the scientific merit of its research : report to the Committee on Science, House of Representatives. Washington, D.C. (P.O. Box 37050, Washington 20013): The Office, 2000.

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Office, General Accounting. Federal research: DOE is providing independent review of the scientific merit of its research : report to the Committee on Science, House of Representatives. Washington, D.C. (P.O. Box 37050, Washington 20013): The Office, 2000.

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Book chapters on the topic "Merits review"

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Vellamo, Tea, Jonna Kosonen, Taru Siekkinen, and Elias Pekkola. "Bureaucratic, Professional and Managerial Power in University Tenure Track Recruitment." In Peer review in an Era of Evaluation, 371–402. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-75263-7_16.

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AbstractIn this chapter, our interest lies in analysing the different powers in recruitment and, particularly, how they are manifested in the new tenure track model in technical fields in Finland. Traditionally, recruitment in higher education has mostly relied on the bureaucratic application of processes and on academics, representing professional power, evaluating academic merit. The new university legislation, granting universities more autonomy in recruiting, has allowed the development of increasingly strategic recruitment models. The novel tenure track recruitment criteria exceed traditional notions of individual merits to include assessments of the strategic visions of universities and departments. We see the use of the tenure track model as a shift both in the recruitment for identity building related to the technical university’s strategy and as a shift in using more managerial power in recruitment. We use a case study approach where we look at recruitment in a similar field in two different kinds of universities utilising tenure track, and we examine how bureaucratic, managerial and professional powers are manifested in the processes. The comparisons are used to highlight the powers in the tenure track process in a technical university.
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Forsberg, Eva, Sara Levander, and Maja Elmgren. "Peer Review in Academic Promotion of Excellent Teachers." In Peer review in an Era of Evaluation, 245–74. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-75263-7_11.

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AbstractWhile research merits have long been the priority in the recognition of institutions and scholars, teaching is often downplayed, appearing as a practice of less worth in Academia. To counteract this tendency, various systems to upgrade the value of education and to promote teaching excellence have been introduced by higher education institutions on a global scale. In this chapter, we explore the values and beliefs unveiled in the promotion of academics in such a system. We employ empirical data collected from an inquiry into the promotion of distinguished university teachers at a comprehensive university in Sweden. An analysis of reviewers’ judgements and legitimations shows that the intersection between promotion, peer review, and excellent teaching affects not only the peer review process, but also the notion of the distinguished university teacher.
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Price, B. J., J. Padur, and N. S. Robson. "A Review of the Relative Merits of Low Powered WDXRF and EDXRF Spectrometers for Routine Quantitative Analysis." In Advances in X-Ray Analysis, 193–99. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3744-1_20.

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Bhatt, Neeru, Lyutha Al-Subhi, and Mostafa Waly. "Seaweeds as Functional Food: A Comprehensive Review of Its Antioxidants and Therapeutic Merits Against Oxidative Stress-Mediated Chronic Diseases." In Sustainable Global Resources of Seaweeds Volume 2, 77–91. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-92174-3_3.

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Schmidt, Matthias, and Piotr Bogdanowicz. "Ascertaining the ‘Guarantee of Guarantees’: Recent Developments Regarding the Infringement Procedure in the EU’s Rule of Law Crisis." In Defending Checks and Balances in EU Member States, 207–36. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-62317-6_9.

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AbstractThis chapter builds on an assessment of infringement proceedings in the EU rule of law crisis that we previously published in the Common Market Law Review. We offer a close reading of two recent prominent infringement cases by the European Commission against Poland (cases C-619/18 and C-192/18). Noteworthy advancements in EU law made with them are in particular a clarification on the parallel use of Articles 7 TEU and 258 TFEU, the use of both interim relief and an expedited procedure prior to the judgment, and, as regards the merits, further substance for the functioning of Articles 19 TEU and 47 of the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights regarding the operationalisation of the rule of law in EU law. We offer a critical assessment of the Court’s findings and contextualise in light of two Commission communications on the rule of law published in 2019.
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Vinaik, Roohi, Joel Fish, and Marc G. Jeschke. "Burn Hypertrophic Scar in Pediatric Patients: Clinical Case." In Textbook on Scar Management, 517–21. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44766-3_60.

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AbstractRecent improvements in burn care have resulted in greater patient survival of severe burns. With improved survival, treatment of the resulting permanent burn hypertrophic scars requires extensive care. Hypertrophic scarring occurs due to aberrations in the normal healing process, resulting in excessive inflammation and collagen deposition at the site of injury. These scars are accompanied by symptoms such as pain, pruritus, erythema, and limited mobility. The high scar prevalence in pediatric patients and accompanying physical, psychological, and social burden warrant a better understanding of the possible treatment options. Currently, several therapeutic strategies exist for hypertrophic scar management in the pediatric patient, although none are completely effective. Recently, laser therapy has emerged as a potential therapy for symptomatic relief and scar modulation. Here, we provide an up-to-date review of treatment options for hypertrophic scars in the pediatric population. In addition, we discuss a clinical case, outlining the potential merits of addition of laser therapy and surgical revision for the treatment of hypertrophic scars.
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Codagnone, Cristiano. "The Platform Economy After COVID-19: Regulation and the Precautionary Principle." In Perspectives on Digital Humanism, 173–79. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86144-5_24.

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AbstractOnline platforms are two-sided or multisided markets whose main function is matching different groups (of producers, consumers, users, advertisers, i.e., hosts and guest in Airbnb, audiences and advertised in Google, etc.) that might otherwise find it more difficult to interact and possibly transact. Some of the potential critical issues associated with the platform economy include the relationship between personhood (the quality and condition of being an individual person with protected sphere of privacy and intimacy) and personal data, on which the platform economy thrives by extracting behavioral surplus, scale to dominance and market power, and lockin for businesses. In this chapter, I first shortly review how the pandemic crisis has impacted the platform economy and what problems are being exacerbated. I then conclude and focus the core part of my analysis on the issue of regulation and particularly on the merits and limits of applying the precautionary principle when addressing the online platform economy.
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Mutambisi, Tafadzwa, Nelson Chanza, Abraham R. Matamanda, Roseline Ncube, and Innocent Chirisa. "Climate Change Adaptation in Southern Africa: Universalistic Science or Indigenous Knowledge or Hybrid." In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 1751–66. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45106-6_8.

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AbstractThe aims of this chapter are to seek answer, through a document review, case studies, and thematic content analysis, to which direction Southern Africa should take in the face of climate change and to suggest a framework for adaptations by communities experiencing climatic events. Acknowledging that the fundamental set of ideas provided by indigenous knowledge (IK) works best at a small scale, the chapter argues for the need to seriously value IK-based response practices in the knowledge hybridization agenda. The worsening vulnerability potentiated by the increasing magnitude and severity of climate change impacts is a reminder that local-based indigenous response practices in Africa need to be complemented. Adaptation to climate change calls for real and surreal measures all being applied in combination. Across Africa, these measures have, at times, included the preservation of forest resources which increased carbon sinking and enhanced community resilience against climate change. Universalistic and orthodox sciences have punctuated and amplified these efforts by speaking of such initiatives as mitigation and adaptation through programs, e.g., Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+) and ecosystem-based adaptation (EbA). The merits of the two approaches have resulted in increasing call among scholars for the merging of these programs with IK. However, it remains to be fully understood how such a hybrid approach could be operationalized without treating the latter as an inferior element in climate science discourses.
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Mutambisi, Tafadzwa, Nelson Chanza, Abraham R. Matamanda, Roseline Ncube, and Innocent Chirisa. "Climate Change Adaptation in Southern Africa: Universalistic Science or Indigenous Knowledge or Hybrid." In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 1–16. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-42091-8_8-1.

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AbstractThe aims of this chapter are to seek answer, through a document review, case studies, and thematic content analysis, to which direction Southern Africa should take in the face of climate change and to suggest a framework for adaptations by communities experiencing climatic events. Acknowledging that the fundamental set of ideas provided by indigenous knowledge (IK) works best at a small scale, the chapter argues for the need to seriously value IK-based response practices in the knowledge hybridization agenda. The worsening vulnerability potentiated by the increasing magnitude and severity of climate change impacts is a reminder that local-based indigenous response practices in Africa need to be complemented. Adaptation to climate change calls for real and surreal measures all being applied in combination. Across Africa, these measures have, at times, included the preservation of forest resources which increased carbon sinking and enhanced community resilience against climate change. Universalistic and orthodox sciences have punctuated and amplified these efforts by speaking of such initiatives as mitigation and adaptation through programs, e.g., Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+) and ecosystem-based adaptation (EbA). The merits of the two approaches have resulted in increasing call among scholars for the merging of these programs with IK. However, it remains to be fully understood how such a hybrid approach could be operationalized without treating the latter as an inferior element in climate science discourses.
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Southerton, Dale, and Alan Warde. "Towards Sustainable Consumption: Reflections on the Concepts of Social Loading, Excess and Idle Capacity." In Consumption, Sustainability and Everyday Life, 339–61. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-11069-6_13.

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AbstractCurrent levels of material consumption in the West are incompatible with environmental sustainability. Present strategies for achieving reduction are not sufficient for purpose. In an early critique of inadequate conceptions of consumer demand, Wilhite and Lutzenhiser (Advances in Consumer Research, 26, 281–287, 1999) examined the difference between base and peak loading as a mechanism responsible for immediate inefficiencies and escalating levels of production in energy systems. Their article introduced the term ‘just-in-case’ to identify a common rationalisation for the persistent tendency of individuals and organisations to hold or increase excess capacity. As a source of and justification for excess capacity, the proviso ‘just-in-case’ has wider relevance in debates about unsustainable levels of everyday consumption, regarding the determination of what might be too much, what too little and what just enough. Defining enough is an intellectual and political minefield, but at least we can identify mechanisms which tend to generate unfruitful excess. Just-in-case reasoning is itself one such mechanism. It is one surreptitious way to increase environmental load through the justification for ownership of un(der)utilised material resources. We reveal circumstances in which just-in-case provides a rationalisation for escalating production and overstocking and point to four ways of reducing the environmental impacts of particular goods. We demonstrate the entailment of problematic items within practices. We discuss the merits of alternatives to the private and exclusive ownership of under-utilised resources-intensive products, including sharing ownership and renting services. Finally, we review the opportunities afforded by digital technologies.
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Conference papers on the topic "Merits review"

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Dong, Jian, Zuomin Dong, and Curran Crawford. "Review of Continuously Variable Transmission Powertrain System for Hybrid Electric Vehicles." In ASME 2011 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2011-63321.

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In this paper, a review of the state-of-the-art of various CVT powertrain systems now used or being planned for future use in HEVs is presented. These CVT powertrain systems are classified into three main categories: mechanical CVT, electromechanical CVT (ECVT) and pure electrical CVT (EVT). The research development, system architecture, operation characteristics and the merits and drawbacks of each type are discussed.
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Butler, A. C., G. R. Coates, S. S. Rao, F. Sadeghi, and S. R. LeClair. "Modeling Uncertainty in Preliminary Design: A Short Review." In ASME 1995 Design Engineering Technical Conferences collocated with the ASME 1995 15th International Computers in Engineering Conference and the ASME 1995 9th Annual Engineering Database Symposium. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc1995-0172.

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Abstract Several mathematical theories exist for modeling uncertainty, and this paper explores the use of three different techniques for modeling judgment in preliminary engineering design. The relative advantages and disadvantages of each theory are discussed from an applied perspective based on experience with prototype systems. These techniques include the Dempster-Shafer theory, Bayesian Belief Networks, and Fuzzy Systems. Additionally, the relative merits and limitations of each technique are discussed in a qualitative manner drawing on experience gained with each model. Conclusions are drawn about the effectiveness of these techniques for representing uncertainty in preliminary engineering design.
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Cong, W. L., Q. Feng, and Z. J. Pei. "Drilling of Silicon Based Solar Panels: A Review." In ASME 2010 International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2010-34324.

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Solar panels have been developed to convert the solar energy to electricity. Since most solar panels are silicon based, they inherit the mechanical properties of silicon, such as brittleness and hardness. These properties might lead to cracking in workpieces and low tool lives in traditional machining processes. In solar panel manufacturing, to increase the efficiency of solar cells, electrical contacts on the front side of the panel need to be connected to those on the back side. Therefore, holes of different sizes are required to drill in silicon solar panels for certain designs. This paper reviews the literature on different drilling processes for silicon solar panels and summarizes merits, shortcomings, and special characteristics of each method.
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Adenubi, Solomon, Dulu Appah, Emeka Okafor, Victor Aimikhe, and Wilfred Okologume. "A Review of Wet Gas Flow Metering Correlation." In SPE Nigeria Annual International Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/207126-ms.

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Abstract Entrained liquids in produced natural gas introduce flow-prediction errors in gas metering; hence there is a need to correct flowmeters’ response to these errors. The development of improved wet gas flow correlations is an effective means of optimizing the predictive capabilities of these meters. This study reviews selected wet gas flow correlations, assesses their merits and demerits, and offers novel options and possibilities for developing highly optimized wet gas correlations for industrial applications. Prospects and possibilities for developing highly optimized wet gas flow correlations are also suggested in this paper, resulting in a significant expansion of the use of wet gas flow meters. These possibilities will include model development and experimental investigation of wet gas flows under relatively high-pressure operating conditions.
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E Murray, David, Tanya J. McGill, Nik Thompson, and Danny Toohey. "Can Learners Become Teachers? Evaluating the Merits of Student Generated Content and Peer Assessment." In InSITE 2017: Informing Science + IT Education Conferences: Vietnam. Informing Science Institute, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/3700.

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[This Proceedings paper was revised and published in the journal Issues in Informing Science and Information Technology] Aim/Purpose : The aim of this project was to explore student perceptions of the value of both the creation of video content and exposure to other students’ work though peer assessment and inclusion of exemplars as unit materia Background: The research was in a first year information technology flipped-learning unit, where the assessment involved students developing video presentations that were peer assessed and exemplars incorporated into the unit as teaching material. Methodology : Data was gathered using a mixed methods approach using an online questionnaire followed by semi-structured interviews with a selection of questionnaire respondents. The interviews were designed to further explore issues identified from the analysis of the questionnaire data. Contribution: Informs on student perceptions of peer review and the integration of student generated content into University teaching. Findings: Most students enjoyed the video assessment (58%) with many preferring it to a written or programming task (55-58%). In the subsequent peer assessment, many liked seeing the work of others (67%) and found the approach engaging (63%) yet some other perceptions were mixed or neutral. Recommendations for Practitioners : University IT students generally enjoyed and perceived peer assessment and found student generated content to be valuable. Recommendation for Researchers : Further investigation of peer review and student generated content in contexts where the student cohort represents a variety of cultures and age categories Impact on Society: Contributes to a body of knowledge regarding peer assessment and student generated educational materials. Future Research: Future work is needed to better understand this domain, in particular the role of learners’ individual differences in order to successfully integrate these approaches into modern learning environments.
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Díaz Lankenau, Guillermo F., and Amos G. Winter. "An Engineering Review of the Farm Tractor’s Evolution to a Dominant Design." In ASME 2018 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2018-86285.

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This article explains the origin and performance merits of the conventional farm tractor design, which has endured largely unchanged since the 1940’s. The article covers two main themes: first the historical context and external pressures that directed the farm tractor’s design evolution; and then an analysis on why the tractor’s proportions and force applications points are conducive to good performance. The conventional tractor’s weight distribution, wheel proportions, farming implement attachment, and frame construction are discussed.
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Cummings, Scott M., and Cameron P. Lonsdale. "Wheel Spalling Literature Review." In ASME 2008 Rail Transportation Division Fall Technical Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/rtdf2008-74010.

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As a means of determining the conditions under which a patch of martensite (and eventually a spall) is formed on a wheel tread, the Wheel Defect Prevention Research Consortium (WDPRC) has conducted a review of wheel slide test reports and analytical models for the prediction of contact patch temperature due to wheel slide. The relative merits of the analytical models are discussed and applied to the known/assumed conditions, i.e., speed, axle load, and wheel/rail coefficients of friction (COF) for each of the wheel slide tests. The accuracy of the analytical models is evaluated with respect to test data under a variety of conditions from multiple sources. After selecting the most appropriate analytical model, wheel slide temperature predictions are given for empty cars at a variety of speeds and wheel/rail COF levels. It is concluded that the potential exists to create martensite on sliding wheels with almost any realistic combination of axle load, wheel slide duration, train speed, and wheel/rail adhesion level. Additionally, sources of wheel spalling are discussed with a focus on misapplied hand brakes and malfunctioning air brake systems. Multiple authors noted the presence of tread damage on one wheel of a wheelset with no damage at the corresponding circumferential location of the mate wheel. The accompanying theories to explain this seemingly counterintuitive finding are restated in this literature review. At the end of the paper, the actions of the WDPRC to reduce wheel spalling are briefly outlined.
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Amirpourabasi, Arezoo, Mohammad Pourgol-Mohammad, and Hanieh Niroomand-Oscuii. "Reliability Evaluation for Biomechanics Transient Stresses: Case Study of Biological Cell Vitality in Freezing Process." In ASME 2014 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2014-39468.

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This research proposes reliability evaluation for performance of biological transient mechanical stresses scenarios. This is part of a broader research done by the authors for comprehensive analysis of the biological reliability analysis [1]. A literature review is conducted in area of biomechanics phenomenological processes in order to classify the approaches for success criteria determination and reliability metrics calculation based on their merits and limitations. A limited failure mode and effect analysis is performed as a pre-processor for identification of the corresponding figure of merits. Biological environment is complex in correlated occurrence of microscopic and macroscopic phenomena. Therefore the modeling of this complex medium, in context of mechanical stresses, requires numerical solution of conservation equation and inclusion of corresponding constitution models. Determination of success criteria (first phase for reliability calculation in this research) is a challenging object, and requires consideration of several dependent figures of merits (e.g. temperature, mass and etc.). The developed success criteria matrix is based on the approaches of representation of the figures of merit. A multi-objective criteria is developed according to the phenomena occurrence in the intended study and the selected proper figure(s) of merit. The matrix determines the region of acceptance as well as the rejection area. The reliability index is proposed to estimate the probability of the success based on the calculated system performance in a non-deterministic (stochastic parameters) approach. By augmentation of developed success criteria and the system analysis calculation, a decision is made on the success and rejection of the system performance the methodology is applied to the case of cell cryopreservation phenomenon. The process of freezing in living cells is considerably more complicated than in a solution, primarily due to the presence of cellular structure. The process is considered a transient mechanical stress on the cell structure including the thermal and mass transport. The success criteria is determined based on two figures of merit of temperature and mass and their rate of change. Numerical calculation is completed for study of thermal and mass behavior for the transient of the cell. The uncertain parameters are considered random and Monte Carlo simulation is conducted for inclusion of their variation in the calculation. The situation are specified for the observation of the success criteria and occurrence of the failure.
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Olatunji, Obafemi, Stephen Akinlabi, Nkosinathi Madushele, Paul Adedeji, and Samuel Fatoba. "Evolution Algorithms and Biomass Properties Prediction: A Review." In ASME 2019 Power Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2019-1826.

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Abstract The complexity of real-world applications of biomass energy has increased substantially due to so many competing factors. There is an ongoing discussion on biomass as a renewable energy source and its cumulative impact on the environment vis-a-vis water competition, environmental pollution and so on. This discussion is coming at a time when evolutionary algorithms and its hybrid forms are gaining traction in several applications. In the last decade, evolution algorithms and its hybrid forms have evolved as a significant optimization and prediction technique due to its flexible characteristics and robust behaviour. It is very efficient means of solving complex global optimization problems. This article presents the state-of-the-art review of different types of evolutionary algorithms, which have been applied in the prediction of major properties of biomass such as elemental compositions and heating values. The governing principles, applications, merits, and challenges associated with this technique are elaborated. The future directions of the research on biomass properties prediction are discussed.
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Molière, M., F. Geiger, E. Deramond, and T. Becker. "Volatile, Low Lubricity Fuels in Gas Turbine Plants: A Review of Main Fuel Options and Their Respective Merits." In ASME 1998 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exhibition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/98-gt-231.

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While natural gas is achieving unrivalled penetration in the power generation sector, especially in gas-turbine combined cycles (CCGT), an increasing number of alternative fuels are in a position to take up the ground left vacant by this major primary energy. In particular, within the thriving family of liquid fuels, the class of volatile products opens interesting prospects for clean and efficient power generation in CCGT plants. Therefore, it has become a necessity for the gas turbine industry to extensively evaluate such new fuel candidates, among which: naphtha’s; kerosines; gas condensates; Natural Gas Liquids (NGL) and alcohols are the most prominent representatives. From a technical standpoint, the success of such projects requires both a careful approach to several specific issues (eg: fuel handling & storage, operation safety) and a clear identification of technological limits. For instance, while the purity of gas condensates meets the requirements of heavy-duty technologies, it generally appears unsuitable for aeroderivative machines. This paper offers a succinct but comprehensive technical approach and overviews some experience acquired in this area with heavy duty gas turbines. Its aim is to inform gas turbine users/engineers and project developers who envisage volatile fuels as alternative primary energies in gas turbine plants.
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Reports on the topic "Merits review"

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Author, Not Given. 2008 annual merit review. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1216751.

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Author, Not Given. 2004 Annual Merit Review Proceedings. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1217827.

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Author, Not Given. 2005 Annual Merit Review Proceedings. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1217829.

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Author, Not Given. 2007 Annual Merit Review Proceedings. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1217831.

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Author, Not Given. 2006 Annual Merit Review Proceedings. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1217833.

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Author, Not Given. 2008 Annual Merit Review Proceedings. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1217835.

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Author, Not Given. Annual Merit Review and Peer Evaluation Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1219592.

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Author, Not Given. 2004 Annual Merit Review & Peer Evaluation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1217826.

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Author, Not Given. 2005 Annual Merit Review & Peer Evaluation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1217828.

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Author, Not Given. 2007 Annual Merit Review & Peer Evaluation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1217830.

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