Relevant bibliographies by topics / Merging and separation

Academic literature on the topic 'Merging and separation'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Merging and separation"

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JAIN, DEEPAK, N. PANCHAPAKESAN, S. MAHAJAN, and V. B. BHATIA. "CONSTRAINTS ON GALAXY EVOLUTION THROUGH GRAVITATIONAL LENSING STATISTICS." Modern Physics Letters A 15, no. 01 (January 10, 2000): 41–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732300000074.

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Explaining the formation and evolution of galaxies is one of the most challenging problems in observational cosmology. Many observations suggest that galaxies we see today could have evolved from the merging of smaller subsystems. Evolution of galaxies tells us how the mass or number density of the lens varies with cosmic time. Merging between the galaxies and the infall of surrounding mass into galaxies are two possible processes that can change the comoving number density of galaxies and/or their mass. We consider five different evolutionary models of galaxies. These models are: Non-evolutionary model, Guiderdoni and Volmerange model, fast merging, slow merging and mass accretion model. We study the gravitational lens image separation distribution function for these models of evolving galaxies. A comparison with data for lensed quasars taken from the HST snapshot survey rules out the fast merging model completely as this model produces a large number of small-separation lenses. It is possible that the mass accretion model and the non-evolutionary model of galaxies may be able to explain the small angle separations.
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Parra, L. C., and C. V. Alvino. "Geometric source separation: merging convolutive source separation with geometric beamforming." IEEE Transactions on Speech and Audio Processing 10, no. 6 (September 2002): 352–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tsa.2002.803443.

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Hachisu, Izumi, and Mariko Kato. "Critical Mass for Merging in Double White Dwarfs." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 114 (1989): 450–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100100053.

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We examine whether or not double white dwarfs are ultimately merging into one body. It has been argued that such a double white dwarf system forms from some intermediate-mass binary stars and will merge due to the gravitational radiation which decreases the separation of binary. After filling the inner critical Roche lobe, the less massive component begins to transfer its mass to the more massive one. When the mass transfer rate exceeds a some critical value, a common envelope is formed. If the common envelope is hydrostatic, the mass transfer is tuned up to be a some value which depends only on the white dwarf mass, radius, and the Roche lobe size. The mass transfer from the less massive to the more massive components leads the separation to increase. On the other hand, the gravitational radiation effect reduces the separation. Which effect wins determines the fate of double white dwarfs, that is, whether merging or not merging. Since the formula of the gravitational radiation effect is well known, we have studied the mass accretion rate in common envelope phase of double white dwarfs assuming the Roche lobe size is as small as 0.03 R⊙ or 0.1 R⊙.
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Wang, Kuiwu, Qin Zhang, and Xiaolong Hu. "Label GM-PHD Filter Based on Threshold Separation Clustering." Sensors 22, no. 1 (December 23, 2021): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22010070.

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Gaussian mixture probability hypothesis density (GM-PHD) filtering based on random finite set (RFS) is an effective method to deal with multi-target tracking (MTT). However, the traditional GM-PHD filter cannot form a continuous track in the tracking process, and it is easy to produce a large number of redundant invalid likelihood functions in a dense clutter environment, which reduces the computational efficiency and affects the update result of target probability hypothesis density, resulting in excessive tracking error. Therefore, based on the GM-PHD filter framework, the target state space is extended to a higher dimension. By adding a label set, each Gaussian component is assigned a label, and the label is merged in the pruning and merging step to increase the merging threshold to reduce the Gaussian component generated by dense clutter update, which reduces the computation in the next prediction and update. After pruning and merging, the Gaussian components are further clustered and optimized by threshold separation clustering, thus as to improve the tracking performance of the filter and finally realizing the accurate formation of multi-target tracks in a dense clutter environment. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can form a continuous and reliable track in dense clutter environment and has good tracking performance and computational efficiency.
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Shan, Xiaopeng, Geng Guan, and Deming Nie. "Numerical study on the boiling heat transfer induced by two heated plates." Thermal Science 24, Suppl. 1 (2020): 257–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci20257s.

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A two-phase lattice Boltzmann method was used to numerically study the boiling heat transfer related to the liquid-vapor transition induced by two heated plates. The effects of the gravity force as well as the separation between the heated plates were examined. The focus is on the bubble departure behavior resulting from the interaction between bubbles, which can be roughly classified into four types of pat?tern according to the separation between plates. In particular, it is shown that the bubble merging may take place twice in one cycle when the separation is close to a certain value. This is referred to as the pattern of alternation of bubble merging before and after departure, for which a sudden jump is seen in the bubble release period. Furthermore, the heat flux and the flow features are also shown to illustrate the behavior of heat transfer in the present system.
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Shan, Xiaopeng, Geng Guan, and Deming Nie. "Numerical study on the boiling heat transfer induced by two heated plates." Thermal Science 24, Suppl. 1 (2020): 257–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci20s1257s.

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A two-phase lattice Boltzmann method was used to numerically study the boiling heat transfer related to the liquid-vapor transition induced by two heated plates. The effects of the gravity force as well as the separation between the heated plates were examined. The focus is on the bubble departure behavior resulting from the interaction between bubbles, which can be roughly classified into four types of pat?tern according to the separation between plates. In particular, it is shown that the bubble merging may take place twice in one cycle when the separation is close to a certain value. This is referred to as the pattern of alternation of bubble merging before and after departure, for which a sudden jump is seen in the bubble release period. Furthermore, the heat flux and the flow features are also shown to illustrate the behavior of heat transfer in the present system.
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Notargiacomo, LouAnna, Barbara T. Blaustein, and Catherine D. McCollum. "Merging Models: Integrity, Dynamic Separation of Duty and Trusted Data Management1." Journal of Computer Security 3, no. 2-3 (April 1, 1995): 207–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jcs-1994/1995-32-306.

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Li, Linjie, Wuchao Zhang, Zihe Gao, and Liangwen Wei. "Experimental study on the flame merging and ceiling impingement behavior of transversely located double fire sources in an urban utility tunnel." Indoor and Built Environment 32, no. 1 (January 2023): 286–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1420326x221147427.

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The investigation of the fire characteristics and propagation behaviour in the urban utility tunnel is of great practical importance, especially for the conditions with double fire sources. In this work, a 1/8th scaled urban utility tunnel model was built to conduct the experiments to characterize the flame merging and ceiling impingement behaviour of transversely located double fire sources. Two rectangular fire sources with the same dimension were used, and their heat release rate (HRR) and fire source spacings were varied to consider the typical scenarios. Results show that for the smaller HRR, the tunnel ceiling and sidewalls have little influence on the flame merging of double fire sources. With the increase of HRR, the flame gradually impinges on the tunnel ceiling and forms a stable ceiling jet flame extension, and the ceiling and sidewalls of the tunnel can promote the merging of the flames of the double fire sources. Besides, with the increase of the fire source spacings, the flame merging probability P m can be divided into three stages, that is, (i) complete merging stage, (ii) intermittent merging stage and (iii) complete separation stage. On this basis, the predicting relation of P m was obtained by using the piecewise function.
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Holland, Steven M. "Diversity and tectonics: predictions from neutral theory." Paleobiology 44, no. 2 (March 26, 2018): 219–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/pab.2018.2.

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AbstractNumerical simulations of neutral metacommunities are used here to predict the effects of growth and shrinkage of metacommunities, as well as their separation and merging caused by continental collision and rifting and their secondary eustatic effects. Although growth and shrinkage of metacommunities predictably change diversity, separating and merging metacommunities have counterintuitive effects. Separating and merging metacommunities change diversity within the individual areas, especially so for smaller areas, but they cause no change in total diversity of the system, contrary to previous predictions. The response times of metacommunities are likely to be geologically undetectable except for enormously large systems. These models can be used to predict the plate-tectonic effects on the diversity of terrestrial, coastal-marine, deep-marine, and oceanic-island systems. Of these, global and regional coastal-marine systems are the most acutely sensitive to the changes in area and fragmentation caused by plate tectonics. Oceanic-island systems also experience global and regional changes in diversity during supercontinent breakup and assembly, with the global effects driven by the changing length of volcanic arcs, and the regional effects also driven by secondary eustatic changes in shallow-marine area. Although individual terrestrial provinces or continents may experience substantial changes in diversity from rifting and collision, global terrestrial diversity should be unchanged except for the relatively modest contributions caused by the secondary eustatic effects on land area. These changes in diversity may be reinforced or counteracted by the changing latitudinal position of metacommunities.
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Lian, Liping, Xu Mai, Weiguo Song, Jun Zhang, Kwok Kit Richard Yuen, and Eric Wai Ming Lee. "Characteristics of merging behavior in large crowds." Journal of Statistical Mechanics: Theory and Experiment 2022, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 013403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-5468/ac42cb.

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Abstract Merging pedestrian flow can be observed often at public intersections and locations where two or more channels merge. Because of restrictions on the flow, pedestrian congestion, or even crowd disasters (e.g. Hajj crush 2015) happen easily at these junctions. However, studies on merging behaviors in large crowds remain rare. This paper investigates the merging characteristics of the pedestrian flow with controlled experiments under laboratory conditions. The formation of lanes is observed, and the lane separation width can vary for different density levels. Shannon entropy is used to analyze the utilization of the passage. The space usage in the merging area is most efficient when the width of the two branches is half that of the main corridor. Furthermore, the branch and main channel can mutually bottleneck each other in the large crowds and the flowrates for the upstream, downstream and branches are investigated. This study uses spatiotemporal diagrams to explore the clogging propagation of the merging flow as well as the relationship of the velocity and position. The results can be used as references for the design of public infrastructure and human safety management.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Merging and separation"

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Buck, Robert. "Cluster-Based Salient Object Detection Using K-Means Merging and Keypoint Separation with Rectangular Centers." DigitalCommons@USU, 2016. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/4631.

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The explosion of internet traffic, advent of social media sites such as Facebook and Twitter, and increased availability of digital cameras has saturated life with images and videos. Never before has it been so important to sift quickly through large amounts of digital information. Salient Object Detection (SOD) is a computer vision topic that finds methods to locate important objects in pictures. SOD has proven to be helpful in numerous applications such as image forgery detection and traffic sign recognition. In this thesis, I outline a novel SOD technique to automatically isolate important objects from the background in images.
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Nettmann, Raymond William. "Moving towards, against and away from people: the relationship between Karen Horney's interpersonal trends and the enneagram." Diss., 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/13338.

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Different theoretical approaches and interpretations offer diverse delineations and clusters of Enneagram type in terms of Horney’s interpersonal trends of moving toward, moving against and moving away from people. The present study reports the results of an empirical investigation into the relationship between Enneagram type and Horney’s interpersonal trends. A sample of 2 3 participants completed the Test of Object Relations (TOR) and 125 of these participants completed the Horney-Coolidge Tridimensional Inventory (HCTI). Two one-way, between-groups multivariate analyses of variance revealed differences between Enneagram types for each of the HCTI interpersonal trends of compliance, aggression and detachment and the TOR dimensions of separation anxiety, symbiotic merging, narcissism, egocentricity, social isolation and fear of engulfment. For each trend, an Enneagram type could be identified as a unique marker or benchmark of the trend. However, the empirical result does not offer clear support for one theoretical approach or viewpoint rather than another.
Psychology
M. A, (Psychology)
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Book chapters on the topic "Merging and separation"

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Chabardès, Théodore, Petr Dokládal, Matthieu Faessel, and Michel Bilodeau. "An Affinity Score for Grains Merging and Touching Grains Separation." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 423–34. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57240-6_34.

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Noga, Markus, and Florian Krüper. "Optimizing Content Management System Pipelines Separation and Merging of Concerns." In Generative Programming and Component Engineering, 252–67. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45821-2_16.

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"Chapter 2. Daily Motions of Merging and Separation." In Engaging Environments in Tonga, 35–53. Berghahn Books, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781800734555-008.

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Doraiswamy, L. K. "Introduction and Structure of the Book." In Organic Synthesis Engineering. Oxford University Press, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195096897.003.0005.

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A large part of the chemical industry is concerned with organic chemicals from simple to highly complex structures. In dealing with relatively simple structures, there does not appear to be any need usually for a deeper understanding of chemistry than that to which an engineer is normally exposed. Most reaction engineering texts are written with this basic assumption. Catalysis, which is invariably an integral part of the reaction engineer’s arsenal, has been limited to the production of large volume chemicals which are often relatively simple in structure. Increasing attempts by chemists today to extend the use of catalysis to the production of medium and small volume chemicals has triggered a change in perspective that augers well for a closer liaison between chemists and engineers. We examine this a little further below by defining an organic chemicals ladder, and the merging roles of the two in exploiting this ladder, particularly for chemicals stacked on its intermediate rungs. Another change that is taking place is the increasing role of process intensification, nowhere more evident than in the production of organic chemicals. Process intensification means improvement of a process, mainly the reaction, by any possible means, to increase the overall productivity. This usually takes the form of reaction rate enhancement by extending known or emerging laboratory techniques to industrial scale production. These techniques can be engineering intensive, chemistry intensive, or both. Examples are the use of ultrasound (sonochemistry), light (photochemistry), electrons (electrochemistry), enzymes (biotechnology), agents for facilitating a reaction between immiscible phases (phase-transfer catalysis), microparticles (microphase engineering), membranes (membrane reactor engineering), a second phase (biphasing), combinations of reactions with different techniques of separation (multifunctional or combo reactor engineering), and mixing. Their use in the production of medium and small volume chemicals like pesticides, drugs, Pharmaceuticals, perfumery chemicals, and other consumer products is being increasingly explored both by industry and academe. Some of these techniques have progressed little beyond the laboratory stage, although they have been a part of the synthetic organic chemist’s repertoire for a number of years. Thus, in addition to the use of catalysis in its various forms, this book will also explore different techniques of reaction rate and/or selectivity enhancement.
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Conference papers on the topic "Merging and separation"

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Kurelek, J. W., and Serhiy Yarusevych. "Merging of coherent structures in a separation bubble." In Tenth International Symposium on Turbulence and Shear Flow Phenomena. Connecticut: Begellhouse, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/tsfp10.540.

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Toratani, Daichi, and Eri Itoh. "Merging Optimization Method Considering Minimum Time Separation Based on Wake Turbulence Category." In 2018 AIAA Guidance, Navigation, and Control Conference. Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2018-1596.

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ZHU, YONGKAI, TENGFEI MU, and CHAO HE. "Research on Merging Signal Processing Based on Mode Separation for PZT Performance." In Structural Health Monitoring 2015. Destech Publications, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.12783/shm2015/363.

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Fujisawa, Nobumichi, Yuki Agari, Yoshifumi Yamao, and Yutaka Ohta. "Rotating Mechanism of Diffuser Stall in a Centrifugal Compressor With Vaneless Diffuser." In ASME Turbo Expo 2021: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2021-59869.

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Abstract The rotating mechanism of diffuser stall in a centrifugal compressor with a vaneless diffuser is investigated via experimental and computational analyses. Diffuser stall is generated as the mass flow rate decreases, and it rotates at 25%–30% of the impeller rotational speed. First, a diffuser stall cell emerges at 180° from the cutoff by the hub-side boundary layer separation. Subsequently, the diffuser stall cell develops further owing to boundary layer separation accumulation and an induced low-velocity area. The low-velocity region forms a blockage across the diffuser passage span. The diffuser stall cell expands owing to the boundary layer separations that occurred on the shroud and hub wall by turns. Finally, the diffuser stall cell vanishes when it passes the cutoff because mass flow recovery occurred. Furthermore, the static pressure ahead of the rotating stall decreases because of the merging of the impeller discharge flow and the reverse flow from the casing. Accordingly, a reverse flow occurred owing to the evolution of the separation vortex at the diffuser exit. In addition, the flow angle decreases by the merging of the impeller discharge flow and reverse flow from the casing. Therefore, boundary layer separations start occurring on the shroud and hub wall ahead of the stall cell. The rotating mechanism of the diffuser stall is induced by the reverse flow development and a decrease in the flow angle ahead of the stall cell.
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Grenier, N., D. Le Touzé, A. Colagrossi, G. Colicchio, and M. Antuono. "SPH Multiphase Simulation of Bubbly Flows: Towards Oil and Water Separation." In ASME 2013 32nd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2013-11610.

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The multi-fluid SPH formulation by [1] is studied in the context of engineering flows encountered in the offshore industry where bubbly flows are of importance in some production processes. These particular flows being dominated by viscous and surface tension effects, the considered formulation includes models of these physical effects. This model is then used to simulate viscous incompressible bubbly flows of increasing complexity. These flows include the merging of two bubbles, the separation process in a bubbly flow in a closed tank and then in a simplified separator. Results are compared to numerical solutions when available. The influence of the Bond number on these interfacial flow evolutions is investigated in detail.
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Akhtar, Mahmuda, M. Towshif Rabbani, and Michael J. Vellekoop. "Merging of droplets in micro-channel independent of the droplet size and inter-droplet separation." In SPIE Microtechnologies, edited by Sander van den Driesche. SPIE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2178508.

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Ghiasi, Hossein, Damiano Pasini, and Larry Lessard. "Layer Separation for Optimization of Composite Laminates." In ASME 2008 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2008-50106.

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The excellent mechanical properties of laminated composites cannot be exploited without a careful design of stacking sequence of the layers. An important variable in the search of the optimum stacking sequence is the number of layers. The larger is this number, the harder as well as longer is the search for an optimal solution. To tackle efficiently such a variable-dimensional problem, we introduce here a multi-level optimization technique. The proposed method, called Layer Separation (LS), increases or decreases the number of layers by gradually separating a layer into two, or by merging two layers into one. LS uses different levels of laminate representation ranging from a coarse level parameterization, which corresponds to a small number of thick layers, to a fine level parameterization, which corresponds to a large number of thin layers. A benefit of such differentiation is an increase of the probability of finding the global optimum. In this paper, LS is applied to the design of composite laminates under single and multiple loadings. The results show that LS convergence rate is not inferior to that of other optimization techniques available in the literature. It is faster than an evolutionary algorithm, more efficient than a layerwise method, simple to perform, and it has the advantage of possibility of termination at any point during the optimization process.
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Prasad, V., H. Zhang, and S. Sampath. "Dynamic Simulations of Multiple-Splat Spreading and Solidification." In ITSC 1997, edited by C. C. Berndt. ASM International, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc1997p0645.

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Abstract A high resolution numerical model has been developed to simulate the simultaneous spreading and solidification of single and multiple-splat on a cold substrate. The model combines the level set formulation with curvilinear adaptive finite volume scheme to predict the deforming shape of the splat's free surface as well as the solidification interface shape and dynamics. An adaptive grid generation captures the solidification front and the level set formulation allows the free surface deformation caused by merging and separation. Numerical results on spreading, merging and solidification of a single splat and two splats are presented to demonstrate the capability of the scheme. It also shows that this model can be extended to predict porosity in thermal spray coatings.
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Zhu, Ren-qing, Yan-cheng Li, Yong-yan Ni, and Pei-tao Zhang. "Numerical Simulation of the Interaction Between Two Bubbles Rising in the Water." In ASME 2010 29th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2010-21064.

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Based on the VOF model, the rising movement and deformation of two bubbles placed horizontally or vertically with separation distance under the action of the buoyancy are simulated by using FLUENT software. The effects of distance between two bubbles on deformation, coalescence, rising velocity and path are considered. The bubble deformation is monitored and the change of velocity with time is analyzed. The influence of bubble diameter on rising and merging are discussed and the velocity history of bubble is obtained in rising and merging process. The results show that: The distance has great effect on the interaction between two bubbles in rising and merging process, the smaller the bubble spacing is, the stronger the interaction between bubbles is, and the larger the bubble diameter is, the larger the affected area is. The two bubbles placed vertically attract each other in rising process. The upper bubble has accelerative effect on the speed of lower bubble. The two bubbles placed horizontally in water attract and exclude each other periodically.
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Fujisawa, Nobumichi, Momoko Naitou, and Yutaka Ohta. "Interaction Mechanism of Impeller and Diffuser Stall in a Centrifugal Compressor." In ASME Turbo Expo 2022: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2022-82861.

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Abstract The interaction mechanism of impeller and diffuser stall in a centrifugal compressor with a vaneless diffuser was investigated by experimental and computational analyses. This study focuses on the effect of impeller stall on the diffuser stall behavior. Impeller stall rotated at 58% of the impeller rotational speed was generated inside the impeller. Two-cell diffuser stalls (with each of the cells rotating at 25%–30% of the impeller rotational speed) were generated inside the diffuser. The diffuser stall fluctuations were observed at 180° from the cutoff. The magnitudes of the diffuser stall fluctuations gradually increased near the volute tongue. The diffuser stall fluctuations were generated near both the shroud and hub sides. Finally, the diffuser stall cell vanishes when it passes the cutoff because mass flow recovery occurs. The numerical results revealed that boundary layer separation occurred near the hub side at 45°–90° of the diffuser because of the circumferential adverse pressure gradient. Subsequently, the low-velocity region discharged from the impeller caused by impeller stall merged into the boundary layer separation, which was generated near the hub side at 45°–90°. Diffuser stall was initiated by the hub-side boundary layer separations, which were caused by the impeller stall. The diffuser stall cell was then further developed by the boundary layer separation accumulation and the induced low-velocity area. The boundary separation was further developed by merging the wake from the impeller stall passage.
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