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Journal articles on the topic 'MERC'

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Published: 9 March 2023
Last updated: 10 March 2023

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1

Naguib, Martha M., Ahmed O. El-Gendy, and Ahmed S. Khairalla. "Microbial Diversity of Mer Operon Genes and Their Potential Rules in Mercury Bioremediation and Resistance." Open Biotechnology Journal 12, no. 1 (April 30, 2018): 56–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874070701812010056.

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Background:Mercury is a toxic metal that is present in small amounts in the environment, but its level is rising steadily, due to different human activities, such as industrialization. It can reach humans through the food chain, amalgam fillings, and other sources, causing different neurological disorders, memory loss, vision impairment, and may even lead to death; making its detoxification an urgent task.Methods:Various physical and chemical mercury remediation techniques are available, which generally aim at: (i) reducing its mobility or solubility; (ii) causing its vaporization or condensation; (iii) its separation from contaminated soils. Biological remediation techniques, commonly known as bioremediation, are also another possible alternative, which is considered as cheaper than the conventional means and can be accomplished using either (i) organisms harboring themeroperon genes (merB,merA,merR,merP,merT,merD,merF,merC,merE,merHandmerG), or (ii) plants expressing metal-binding proteins. Recently, differentmerdeterminants have been genetically engineered into several organisms, including bacteria and plants, to aid in detoxification of both ionic and organic forms of mercury.Results:Bacteria that are resistant to mercury compounds have at least a mercuric reductase enzyme (MerA) that reduces Hg+2to volatile Hg0, a membrane-bound protein (MerT) for Hg+2uptake and an additional enzyme, MerB, that degrades organomercurials by protonolysis. Presence of bothmerA andmerB genes confer broad-spectrum mercury resistance. However,merA alone confers narrow spectrum inorganic mercury resistance.Conclusion:To conclude, this review discusses the importance of mercury-resistance genes in mercury bioremediation. Functional analysis ofmeroperon genes and the recent advances in genetic engineering techniques could provide the most environmental friendly, safe, effective and fantastic solution to overcome mercuric toxicity.
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Landale, Anthony. "Man at the Merc." Business Strategy Review 17, no. 2 (January 2006): 26–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0955-6419.2006.00397.x.

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3

Zamorenov, N., I. Bourakova, and L. Churanova. "Merc. sol. for mercury poisoning." British Homeopathic Journal 82, no. 04 (October 1993): 302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0007-0785(05)80703-3.

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4

Chen, Junsheng, Arthur Bassot, Fabrizio Giuliani, and Thomas Simmen. "Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS): Stressed by Dysfunctional Mitochondria-Endoplasmic Reticulum Contacts (MERCs)." Cells 10, no. 7 (July 15, 2021): 1789. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells10071789.

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Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease for which there is currently no cure. Progress in the characterization of other neurodegenerative mechanisms has shifted the spotlight onto an intracellular structure called mitochondria-endoplasmic reticulum (ER) contacts (MERCs) whose ER portion can be biochemically isolated as mitochondria-associated membranes (MAMs). Within the central nervous system (CNS), these structures control the metabolic output of mitochondria and keep sources of oxidative stress in check via autophagy. The most relevant MERC controllers in the ALS pathogenesis are vesicle-associated membrane protein-associated protein B (VAPB), a mitochondria-ER tether, and the ubiquitin-specific chaperone valosin containing protein (VCP). These two systems cooperate to maintain mitochondrial energy output and prevent oxidative stress. In ALS, mutant VAPB and VCP take a central position in the pathology through MERC dysfunction that ultimately alters or compromises mitochondrial bioenergetics. Intriguingly, both proteins are targets themselves of other ALS mutant proteins, including C9orf72, FUS, or TDP-43. Thus, a new picture emerges, where different triggers cause MERC dysfunction in ALS, subsequently leading to well-known pathological changes including endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, inflammation, and motor neuron death.
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Lamb, Tyler S., Amar Thakrar, Mahua Ghosh, Merne P. Wilson, and Thomas W. Wilson. "Comparison of two oscillometric blood pressure monitors in subjects with atrial fibrillation." Clinical & Investigative Medicine 33, no. 1 (February 1, 2010): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.25011/cim.v33i1.11838.

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Objective: To compare blood pressure readings obtained with two commonly used oscillometric monitors: Omron HEM 711 AC (OM) and Welch-Allyn 52000 series NIBP/oximeter (WA) with mercury sphygmomanometers (Merc) in subjects with atrial fibrillation. Methods: We recruited 51 hemodynamically stable subjects with atrial fibrillation. Fifty four subjects in normal sinus rhythm served as controls. Supine blood pressure readings in each arm were recorded simultaneously using one monitor and Merc. The second monitor then replaced the first and readings were repeated. Merc was then switched to the opposite arm, and both monitors retested. Apical heart rates were ascertained with a stethoscope. We used the averaged, same arm Merc readings as “gold standard”. Results: Automated blood pressure readings were obtained in all control subjects and in all but three of those with atrial fibrillation. Both monitors, and operators, noted a difference between apical and radial/brachial pulse rates: apical-recorded: Merc 6.1±15.0; OM 5.5±13.7; WA 10.0±21.2 beats per minute. Both monitors were accurate in controls: over 90% of readings were within 10 mmHg of averaged Merc, and both achieved European Hypertension Society standards. In subjects with atrial fibrillation, about one quarter of all oscillometric readings differed from Merc by more than 10 mmHg. Both falsely high and falsely low readings occurred, some up to 30 mmHg. There was no relation between accuracy and heart rate. Conclusions: Single blood pressure readings, taken with oscillometric monitors in subjects with atrial fibrillation differ, often markedly, from those taken manually. Health care professionals should record multiple readings manually, using validated instruments when making therapeutic decisions.
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6

Carver, Martin. "The Medieval Europe Research Committee (MERC)." European Journal of Archaeology 17, no. 1 (2014): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/1461957113z.00000000062.

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7

Whiting, Elaine, Afschin Khodaverdi-Afaghi, Fraser Stodart, Sheherazad Aftabroushad, Estelle Michael, Kerstin Ahrendt-Soelter, Nadine Otin, and Marie-Claire Beurier. "7th Middle East Regulatory Conference (MERC)." Drug Information Journal 41, no. 3 (May 2007): 413–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009286150704100315.

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8

Jäger, Tim, Sandra Würtenberger, and Stephan Baumgartner. "Effects of Homeopathic Preparations of Mercurius corrosivus on the Growth Rate of Moderately Mercury-Stressed Duckweed Lemna gibba L." Homeopathy 110, no. 02 (March 10, 2021): 122–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1718743.

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Abstract Background A bioassay with severely mercury-stressed duckweed (Lemna gibba L.) had revealed growth-inhibiting effects of homeopathically potentised mercury(II) chloride (Mercurius corrosivus, Merc-c.). We hypothesised that effects of potentised preparations are dependent on the stress level of the organisms used in the bioassay. The aim of the present investigation was to examine the response of duckweed to potentised Merc-c. at a lower stress level. Methods Duckweed was moderately stressed with 2.5 mg/L mercury(II) chloride for 48 hours. Afterwards plants grew in either Merc-c. (seven different potency levels, 24x–30x) or water controls (unsuccussed or succussed water) for 7 days. Growth rates of the frond (leaf) area were determined using a computerised image-analysis system for day 0–3 and 3–7. Three independent experiments with potentised Merc-c. and three systematic negative control experiments were performed. All experiments were randomised and blinded. Results Unsuccussed and succussed water did not significantly differ in their effects on duckweed growth rate. The systematic negative control experiments did not yield any significant effects, thus providing evidence for the stability of the experimental system. Data from the two control groups and the seven treatment groups (Merc-c. 24x–30x) were each pooled to increase statistical power. Duckweed growth rates for day 3–7 were enhanced (p < 0.05) after application of Merc-c. compared with the controls. Growth rates for day 0–3 were not influenced by the homeopathic preparations. Conclusions Moderately mercury-stressed Lemna gibba L. yielded evidence of growth-enhancing specific effects of Merc-c. 24x–30x in the second observation period (day 3–7). This observation is complementary to previous experiments with severely mercury-stressed duckweed, in which a decrease in growth was observed in the first observation period (day 0–3). We hypothesise that the differing results are associated with the level of stress intensity (moderate vs. severe).
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9

Konar, Atheni, Tandra Sarkar, Nirmal Chandra Sukul, Abirban Sukul, Indrani Chakraborty, and Sriparna Ray. "High and ultra low concentrations of Mercuric chloride initiate their specific action on binding sites of invertase and modify its interaction with sucrose." International Journal of High Dilution Research - ISSN 1982-6206 18, no. 3-4 (April 2, 2021): 19–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.51910/ijhdr.v18i3-4.958.

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Background: Mercuric chloride is known to inhibit the activity of enzymes. It is used in homeopathy at ultra low concentration (ULC) and is known as Mercurius corrosivus (Merc cor). ULCs of Merc cor are reported to promote enzyme activity. Objective: To see whether the mother tincture (?) of Merc cor and its ULCs interact with an enzyme invertase at its binding sites and influence enzyme’s action on its substrate sucrose. Methods: Merc cor ? (0.15 M HgCl2) was diluted with deionized and distilled (DD) water 1:100 and succussed 10 times to prepare Merc cor 1 cH or 1st potency. This potency was further diluted and succussed in 200 and 1000 steps to prepare 200cH and 1000cH potencies, respectively. Merc cor 200 cH and 1000cH were prepared in 90% ethanol. The two potencies and blank 90% EtOH were diluted with DD water 1:1000 to minimize ethanol content to a negligible amount 0.09%. The control was DD water (55mM). The drugs, EtOH and water control were mixed separately with 0.037 mM invertase in DD water. Using an isothermal calorimetry (ITC) instrument the substrate sucrose (65mM) was injected at 2 µl every 2 min into 300 µl invertase solution 20 times at 25 0C. Molecular modeling study was done to predict possible binding sites and nature of binding between the enzyme and HgCl2 and between the enzyme and water. Potencies after dilution are virtually water. Fluorescence spectra of invertase (4µM) mixed with drug/control solutions were also obtained to see the effect of drugs on protein folding. Results: Thermodynamic parameters like binding constant, change in enthalpy, entropy and Gibbs free energy showed marked variation in treatment effects on the enzyme. Molecular modeling study also shows variation in binding between invertase and HgCl2 and between invertase and water. Fluorescence spectra show variation in quenching related to different treatments. Conclusion: Merc cor mother tincture and its potencies interact at different binding sites of invertase and modify the enzyme’s action on sucrose. Drug solutions induce conformational changes in the enzyme.
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10

Duhl, D. M., M. E. Stevens, H. Vrieling, P. J. Saxon, M. W. Miller, C. J. Epstein, and G. S. Barsh. "Pleiotropic effects of the mouse lethal yellow (Ay) mutation explained by deletion of a maternally expressed gene and the simultaneous production of agouti fusion RNAs." Development 120, no. 6 (June 1, 1994): 1695–708. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.120.6.1695.

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Heterozygosity for the mouse lethal yellow (Ay) mutation leads to obesity, increased tumor susceptibility and increased activity of the agouti coat color gene; homozygosity for Ay results in embryonic death around the time of implantation. Although these pleiotropic effects have not been separated by recombination, previous studies have suggested that the dominant and recessive effects result from distinct genetic lesions. Here we use a combination of genomic and cDNA cloning experiments to demonstrate that the Ay mutation is caused by a 120 kb deletion which lies centromere-proximal to the agouti coat color gene. The deletion removes coding but not 5′ untranslated sequences for a ubiquitously expressed gene predicted to encode a protein similar in sequence to an RNA-binding protein, which we named Merc, for maternally expressed hnRNP C-related gene, but have renamed Raly, since the gene is nearly identical to one reported recently by Michaud et al. (Gene Dev. 7, 1203–1213, 1993). The Ay deletion results in the splicing of Merc/Raly 5′ untranslated sequences to agouti protein-coding sequences, which suggests that ectopic expression of the normal agouti protein by the Ay fusion RNA is responsible for the pleiotropic effects associated with heterozygosity for Ay. We find that Merc/Raly RNA is present in the unfertilized egg and is also transcribed in preimplantation embryos. Using a PCR-based assay to determine the genotype of individual embryos from an Ay/a × Ay/a intercross, we show that, in the absence of zygotic Merc/Raly expression, Ay/Ay embryos develop to the blastocyst stage, but do not hatch from the zona pellucida or form trophoblastic outgrowths. Injection of a Merc/Raly antisense oligonucleotide into non-mutant embryos blocks development prior to the blastocyst stage, and can be rescued by coinjection of a Merc/Raly transgene. These results suggest that maternal expression of Merc/Raly plays an important role in preimplantation development and that its deletion of is sufficient to explain Ay-associated embryonic lethality.
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Berenguer-Escuder, Clara, Dajana Grossmann, Paul Antony, Giuseppe Arena, Kobi Wasner, François Massart, Javier Jarazo, et al. "Impaired mitochondrial–endoplasmic reticulum interaction and mitophagy in Miro1-mutant neurons in Parkinson’s disease." Human Molecular Genetics 29, no. 8 (April 13, 2020): 1353–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hmg/ddaa066.

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Abstract Mitochondrial Rho GTPase 1 (Miro1) protein is a well-known adaptor for mitochondrial transport and also regulates mitochondrial quality control and function. Furthermore, Miro1 was associated with mitochondrial-endoplasmic reticulum (ER) contact sites (MERCs), which are key regulators of cellular calcium homeostasis and the initiation of autophagy. Impairments of these mechanisms were linked to neurodegeneration in Parkinson’s disease (PD). We recently revealed that PD fibroblasts harboring Miro1 mutations displayed dysregulations in MERC organization and abundance, affecting mitochondrial homeostasis and clearance. We hypothesize that mutant Miro1 impairs the function of MERCs and mitochondrial dynamics, altering neuronal homeostasis and integrity in PD. PD skin fibroblasts harboring the Miro1-R272Q mutation were differentiated into patient-derived neurons. Live-cell imaging and immunocytochemistry were used to study mitophagy and the organization and function of MERCs. Markers of autophagy or mitochondrial function were assessed by western blotting. Quantification of organelle juxtapositions revealed an increased number of MERCs in patient-derived neurons. Live-cell imaging results showed alterations of mitochondrial dynamics and increased sensitivity to calcium stress, as well as reduced mitochondrial clearance. Finally, western blot analysis indicated a blockage of the autophagy flux in Miro1-mutant neurons. Miro1-mutant neurons display altered ER-mitochondrial tethering compared with control neurons. This alteration likely interferes with proper MERC function, contributing to a defective autophagic flux and cytosolic calcium handling capacity. Moreover, mutant Miro1 affects mitochondrial dynamics in neurons, which may result in disrupted mitochondrial turnover and altered mitochondrial movement.
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Mondal, Priya, Indrani Chakraborty, Nirmal Chandra Sukul, Atheni Konar, Tandra Sarkar, and Anirban Sukul. "Extreme dilutions of mercuric chloride produce longer binding interaction with ?-amylase as compared to blank solvents." International Journal of High Dilution Research - ISSN 1982-6206 19, no. 3 (April 2, 2021): 18–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.51910/ijhdr.v19i3.1015.

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Background High and ultra low doses of HgCl2 modulate ?-amylase starch interaction through two different binding sites of the enzyme. Mercurius corrosivus at ultra high dilution (UHD) is reported to have a long duration of action for 30-60 days. Objectives (i) To see whether the mother tincture and UHDs of mercuric chloride could directly act on ?-amylase without intervention of its substrate starch. (ii) To see whether the MT and UHDs produce longer binding interaction with ?-amylase than the control. Methods Mercuric chloride MT (0.15 M) or Merc cor ? and its three UHDs, 30, 200, 1000 cH called potencies were in 90% ethanol. Blank 90% ethanol and deionised and distilled (DD) water were used as controls. All ethanol based ligands were diluted with DD water to reduce EtOH content to 0.09%. Using an ITC instrument each ligand was injected once at 10 µl into15µM ?-amylase at 25 0C and the reaction was observed for 2000 s. Results While Merc cor ? produced endothermic reaction, all other ligands did exothermic reaction. Water control and blank ethanol maintained post injection heat change up to 1200 sec. All other ligands sustained heat change for the entire period of observation (2000 sec). Conclusions Merc cor ? and potencies produced exactly the opposite reaction at the protein binding sites. The reaction was short-lived with water control and blank ethanol, but prolonged with Merc cor ? and potencies. Merc cor 200 cH and 1000 cH produced highest heat change (6 µl/sec) during interaction with ?-amylase.
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Jäger, Tim, Sandra Würtenberger, and Stephan Baumgartner. "Effects of Homeopathic Preparations of Mercurius corrosivus on the Growth Rate of Severely Mercury-Stressed Duckweed Lemna gibba L." Homeopathy 108, no. 02 (January 30, 2019): 128–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1676464.

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Background We developed a bioassay with mercury-stressed duckweed (Lemna gibba L.) to study potential effects of homeopathically potentised mercury(II) chloride (Mercurius corrosivus [Merc-c.]). The response of this bioassay to homeopathic treatments as a function of stress intensity was also of interest. Methods Duckweed was severely stressed with mercury(II) chloride for 48 hours. Afterwards plants grew in either Merc-c. (seven different potency levels, 24x to 30x) or water controls (unsuccussed and succussed water) for 7 days. Growth rates of the frond (leaf) area were determined using a computerised image analysis system for different time intervals between the measurements on days 0, 3 and 7. Three independent experiments with potentised Merc-c. each were evaluated. Additionally, three water control experiments were analysed to investigate the stability of the experimental set-up (systematic negative control [SNC] experiments). All experiments were randomised and blinded. Results Unsuccussed and succussed water did not significantly differ in terms of duckweed growth rate. The SNC experiments did not yield any significant effects, providing evidence for the stability of the experimental system. Data from the two control groups and the seven treatment groups (Merc-c. 24x–30x) were each pooled to increase the statistical power. Duckweed growth rates for day 0 to 3 were reduced (p < 0.05) after application of Merc-c. compared with the controls. Growth rates for day 3 to 7 were not influenced by the homeopathic preparations. Conclusions The present test system with Lemna gibba L. that was severely stressed by mercury yielded evidence for specific effects of Merc-c. 24x to 30x, namely a growth reduction in the first time period (day 0–3). This is in contrast to former experiments with slightly arsenic-stressed duckweed, where a growth increase was observed in the second time period (day 2–6). We hypothesise that the differing results are associated with the level of stress intensity (severe versus slight).
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Hewitt, Brian, Afschin Khodaverdi-Afaghi, Elaine Whiting, Sheherazad Aftabroushad, Kerstin Ahrendt-Sölter, Nadine Otin, and Olivier Moreau. "6th Middle East Regulatory Conference (MERC): Key Proceedings." Drug Information Journal 39, no. 2 (April 2005): 209–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009286150503900211.

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Blumenthal, Elizabeth A., Nina Hooshvar, Miriam McQuade, and Jennifer McNulty. "A Validation Study of Maternal Early Warning Systems: A Retrospective Cohort Study." American Journal of Perinatology 36, no. 11 (March 11, 2019): 1106–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1681097.

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Objective We compare validation characteristics of four early warning systems for maternal morbidity. Study Design We used a retrospective cohort of severe maternal morbidity cases between January 2016 and December 2016 compared with a cohort of controls. We determined if the modified early obstetric warning score (MEOWS), maternal early recognition criteria (MERC), modified early warning system (MEWS), or maternal early warning trigger (MEWT) would have alerted. We developed criteria to determine which of these alerts was considered clinically “relevant.” Results We reviewed 79 morbidity cases and 123 controls. MEOWS and MERC were more sensitive than MEWS or MEWT (67.1 and 67.1% vs. 19% and 40.5%, p < 0.001); however, MEWT and MEWS were more specific (88.6% MEWT and 93.5% MEWS vs. 51.2% MEOWS and 60.2% MERC, p < 0.001). In the control population, 70% of MEWT alerts still appeared “relevant” to the clinical scenario in contrast to the MEOWS (32%) or MERC systems (31%). Conclusion There are limited comparative data regarding how early warning systems perform in an American population for maternal morbidity. None of the systems performs with high sensitivity and specificity. High-volume, high-acuity units may decide that the lower sensitivity of the MEWT is relatively acceptable when considering the high false trigger rate of the other more sensitive systems. In addition, triggers in the MEWT system were more likely to be clinically relevant even in cases that did not have severe morbidity.
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Sukul, Nirmal Chandra, Tandra Sarkar, Atheni Konar, and Anirban Sukul. "Proteins as targets for high dilutions of drugs: Interaction between ?-amylase and mercuric chloride." International Journal of High Dilution Research - ISSN 1982-6206 17, no. 2 (July 16, 2021): 24–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.51910/ijhdr.v17i2.920.

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Background: High dilutions of drugs, used in homeopathy, are usually applied by oral route or foliar spray. These dilutions first come in contact with membrane or circulating proteins. Ultra low doses of mercuric chloride, called potencies, promote activity of diastase or ?-amylase in terms of breakdown of starch, a polysaccharide into a disaccharide maltose in a cell-free medium in test tubes. Merc cor or HgCl2 in high doses inhibits the enzyme activity. Aims: To see (i) whether the high and ultra low dose effects of HgCl2 involve different binding sites of the enzyme and (ii) to find an explanation for the low dose effect of HgCl2 in spite of absence of its original molecules. Methodology: Merc cor mother tincture (147 mM HgCl2) in distilled water was used undiluted in this experiment. Merc cor 200c and 1000c were prepared from the mother tincture (MT) by successive dilution with water 1:100 followed by succussion in 200 and 1000 steps, respectively, and finally preserved in 90% EtOH. These potencies and blank 90% ethanol, were diluted with deionized, distilled (DD) water 1:1000 to minimize ethanol content in test solutions. Each test solution or control was mixed with the enzyme 1:10 just before experiment. The control consisted of DD water. An isothermal calorimetry (ITC) instrument was used to measure the interaction between soluble starch and ?-amylase mixed with each potency (200c/1000c) of Merc cor, its mother tincture, ethanol and control. ITC is a thermodynamic technique which helps in measuring directly very small amount of heat evolved during chemical reaction. Soluble starch 90 µM was injected into 300 µl of 15µM ?-amylase at 2 µl / injection. Twenty injections, one every 2 min, were given. The enzyme substrate interaction in terms of heat released (exothermic) or absorbed (endothermic) were monitored by the ITC instrument. All ITC measurements were calculated and analyzed statistically by an in-built software Origin 7. Results and discussion: The data are presented in figures. While Merc cor MT shows endothermic reaction, all its potencies, ethanol and water control show exothermic reactions. There is wide variation in enthalpy (?H), entropy (?S), binding constant (K) and Gibbs free energy change (?G) among the treatments with Merc cor MT, potencies, ethanol and also control. The results indicate that Merc cor MT and its potencies act on different binding sites of the enzyme. The variation in thermodynamic parameters suggest difference in binding interaction between the drug solutions and the enzyme. This in turn influences the enzyme substrate interaction as reported in earlier studies. The potencies are virtually water modified by the starting substance HgCl2. Conclusion: The mother tincture and potencies of mercuric chloride produce different effects on the enzyme substrate interaction. Potencies show wide variation in ?H, ?S, K and ?G values. It appears from the results that the drugs used in homeopathy produce dual action on proteins. At high doses they act on a binding site(s) but at ultra low doses they act on a different binding site(s). Proteins in an organism may serve as targets for initiation of action of homeopathic potencies.
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Liebert, Cynthia A., Alice L. Watson, and Anne O. Summers. "The Quality of merC, a Module of the mer Mosaic." Journal of Molecular Evolution 51, no. 6 (December 2000): 607–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002390010124.

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SASAKI, Yoshito, Takahiro MINAKAWA, Atushi MIYAZAKI, Simon SILVER, and Tomonobu KUSANO. "Functional Dissection of a Mercuric Ion Transporter, MerC, fromAcidithiobacillus ferrooxidans." Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry 69, no. 7 (January 2005): 1394–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1271/bbb.69.1394.

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Hewitt, Victoria L., Leonor Miller-Fleming, Madeleine J. Twyning, Simonetta Andreazza, Francesca Mattedi, Julien Prudent, Franck Polleux, Alessio Vagnoni, and Alexander J. Whitworth. "Decreasing pdzd8-mediated mito–ER contacts improves organismal fitness and mitigates Aβ42 toxicity." Life Science Alliance 5, no. 11 (July 13, 2022): e202201531. http://dx.doi.org/10.26508/lsa.202201531.

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Mitochondria-ER contact sites (MERCs) orchestrate many important cellular functions including regulating mitochondrial quality control through mitophagy and mediating mitochondrial calcium uptake. Here, we identify and functionally characterize the Drosophila ortholog of the recently identified mammalian MERC protein, Pdzd8. We find that reducing pdzd8-mediated MERCs in neurons slows age-associated decline in locomotor activity and increases lifespan in Drosophila. The protective effects of pdzd8 knockdown in neurons correlate with an increase in mitophagy, suggesting that increased mitochondrial turnover may support healthy aging of neurons. In contrast, increasing MERCs by expressing a constitutive, synthetic ER–mitochondria tether disrupts mitochondrial transport and synapse formation, accelerates age-related decline in locomotion, and reduces lifespan. Although depletion of pdzd8 prolongs the survival of flies fed with mitochondrial toxins, it is also sufficient to rescue locomotor defects of a fly model of Alzheimer’s disease expressing Amyloid β42 (Aβ42). Together, our results provide the first in vivo evidence that MERCs mediated by the tethering protein pdzd8 play a critical role in the regulation of mitochondrial quality control and neuronal homeostasis.
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Xu, Jia, Chuan Ping Wang, Hua Dai, Da Qiang Zhang, and Jing Jie Yu. "Designing Constrained Trajectory Based on Maximizing Energy Reduction in Large-Scale Wireless Sensor Networks." International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks 2015 (2015): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/801831.

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TheMobile Sinkbased data collection in wireless sensor network can reduce energy consumption efficiently and has been a new data collection paradigm. In this paper, we focus on exploring polynomial algorithm to compute the constrained trajectory of theMobile Sinkfor data collection. We first present a universal system model for designing constrained trajectory in large-scale wireless sensor networks and formulate the problem as theMaximizing Energy Reduction for Constrained Trajectory(MERC) problem. We show that the MERC problem is NP-hard and design an approximation algorithm (CTMER), which follows the greedy approach to design the movement trajectory of theMobile Sinkby maximizing theeffective average energy reduction. Through both rigid theoretical analysis and extensive simulations, we demonstrate that our algorithm achieves high computation efficiency and is superior to otherMobile Sinkbased data collection methods in aspects of energy consumption and network lifetime.
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Boff, Raquel de Melo, Marina Alves Dornelles, Ana Maria Pandolfo Feoli, Andreia da Silva Gustavo, and Margareth da Silva Oliveira. "Transtheoretical model for change in obese adolescents: MERC randomized clinical trial." Journal of Health Psychology 25, no. 13-14 (August 16, 2018): 2272–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1359105318793189.

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The randomized controlled trial evaluated the effectiveness of an intervention based on the Transtheoretical Model of Change on anthropometric, metabolic and motivational outcomes in obese adolescents. A total of 135 male and female adolescents were randomized to two groups: intervention group ( n = 65) and control group ( n = 70). The adolescents were evaluated 1 week before the interventions began and at the end of 12 weeks. There was no statistically significant difference between groups in the outcome variables. Intervention group reported magnitude of effect more expressive on body mass index percentile, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, readiness to change diet and readiness to start exercise.
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Thakur, M. L., C. M. Intenzo, A. G. Desai, H. A. Levy, and C. H. Park. "The use of 111In-Merc in localization of abscesses in humans." International Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Biology 12, no. 5 (January 1985): 404–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0047-0740(85)80013-9.

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Kiyono, Masako, Yumiko Oka, Yuka Sone, Ryosuke Nakamura, Masa H. Sato, Kou Sakabe, and Hidemitsu Pan-Hou. "Bacterial heavy metal transporter MerC increases mercury accumulation in Arabidopsis thaliana." Biochemical Engineering Journal 71 (February 2013): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bej.2012.11.007.

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Bassot, Arthur, Junsheng Chen, and Thomas Simmen. "Post-Translational Modification of Cysteines: A Key Determinant of Endoplasmic Reticulum-Mitochondria Contacts (MERCs)." Contact 4 (January 2021): 251525642110012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/25152564211001213.

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Cells must adjust their redox state to an ever-changing environment that could otherwise result in compromised homeostasis. An obvious way to adapt to changing redox conditions depends on cysteine post-translational modifications (PTMs) to adapt conformation, localization, interactions and catalytic activation of proteins. Such PTMs should occur preferentially in the proximity of oxidative stress sources. A particular concentration of these sources is found near membranes where the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the mitochondria interact on domains called MERCs (Mitochondria-Endoplasmic Reticulum Contacts). Here, fine inter-organelle communication controls metabolic homeostasis. MERCs achieve this goal through fluxes of Ca2+ ions and inter-organellar lipid exchange. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) that cause PTMs of mitochondria-associated membrane (MAM) proteins determine these intertwined MERC functions. Chronic changes of the pattern of these PTMs not only control physiological processes such as the circadian clock but could also lead to or worsen many human disorders such as cancer and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Konar, Atheni, Tandra Sarkar, Nirmal Chandra Sukul, Anirban Sukul, and Indrani Chakraborty. "Transfer of the effect of potentized Mercuric chloride on α-amylase from one test tube to another through capillary water." International Journal of High Dilution Research - ISSN 1982-6206 14, no. 1 (October 24, 2021): 4–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.51910/ijhdr.v14i1.758.

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Objective: In a series of experiments we showed that treatment of a plant or animal with a diluted and agitated substance might affect other plants or animals connected to the former by the capillary water in cotton threads. The aim of the present study was to establish whether drug effect could be transferred in a cell-free medium. Design: Two test tubes, each containing 1 ml of 1% starch solution and 1 ml of α-amylase, were connected by means wet cotton threads encased in a polythene tube. One of the tubes also contained Mercurius corrosivus (Merc-c) 30 cH and the other ethanol solution (control). After 15 min, the enzyme activity was stopped with DNSA, and the breakdown product of starch, maltose, was estimated. A third, separate tube contained all the tested materials except for Merc-c and the control solution. In a second experiment 2 tubes, one containing 1,200 ppm and the other 200 ppm of maltose, were similarly connected over 15 min. Both experiments were repeated 20 times. Results: In the first experiment, the amount of maltose was similar in both connected tubes, but it was significantly lower in the unconnected tube. In the second experiment, maltose concentration in both tubes remained unchanged. Conclusion: The information of Merc-c 30 cH was effectively transferred through capillary water between 2 tubes in cell-free medium. This effect was not due to physical transfer of either solvent or solutes. Water seems to the most probable carrier of information in diluted and agitated solutions. Keywords: Water, alpha amylase, Mercurius corrosivus 30 cH, starch, maltose, high dilutions
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Datta, Swapna, Surjyo Jyoti Biswas, and Anisur Rahman Khuda-Bukhsh. "Comparative Efficacy of Pre-feeding, Post-feeding and Combined Pre- and Post-feeding of Two Microdoses of a Potentized Homeopathic Drug, Mercurius Solubilis, in Ameliorating Genotoxic Effects Produced by Mercuric Chloride in Mice." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 1, no. 3 (2004): 291–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecam/neh025.

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Mercury and its derivatives have become an alarming environmental problem, necessitating the search for effective antagonists, including homeopathic drugs, which are generally used in micro doses and are devoid of any palpable side-effects. On the basis of homeopathic similia principle, two potencies ofMercurius solubilis(Merc Sol-30 and Merc Sol-200) were tested by three administrative modes, i.e. pre-feeding, post-feeding and combined pre- and post-feeding, for their possible efficacy in ameliorating mercuric chloride-induced genotoxicity in mice. Healthy mice,Mus musculus, were intraperitoneally injected with 0.06% solution of mercuric chloride at the rate of 1 ml/100 g of body weight, and assessed for genotoxic effects through conventional endpoints. i.e. chromosome aberrations, micronuclei, mitotic index and sperm head abnormality, keeping suitable controls. Mercuric chloride-treated mice were divided into three sub-groups, which were orally administered with the drug prior to, after and both prior to and after injection of mercuric chloride, and their genotoxic effects were analysed at specific intervals of fixation. Mercuric chloride treatment generally produced more chromosome aberations, micronuclei and sperm head anomaly in mice, but the mitotic index appeared to be slightly reduced. While chromosome aberations, micronuclei and sperm head anomaly were generally reduced in the drug-fed series, the mitotic index showed an apparent increase. In most cases, the combined pre- and post-feeding mode appeared to show the maximum amelioration, followed by post-feeding and pre-feeding, in that order. The amelioration by Merc Sol-200 appeared to be slightly more pronounced. We conclude that potentized homeopathic drugs can serve as possible anti-genotoxic agents against specific environmental mutagens, including toxic heavy metals.
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Sone, Yuka, Ryosuke Nakamura, Hidemitsu Pan-Hou, Tomoo Itoh, and Masako Kiyono. "Role of MerC, MerE, MerF, MerT, and/or MerP in Resistance to Mercurials and the Transport of Mercurials in Escherichia coli." Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 36, no. 11 (2013): 1835–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1248/bpb.b13-00554.

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Sone, Yuka, Shimpei Uraguchi, Yasukazu Takanezawa, Ryosuke Nakamura, Hidemitsu Pan-Hou, and Masako Kiyono. "A Novel Role of MerC in Methylmercury Transport and Phytoremediation of Methylmercury Contamination." Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin 40, no. 7 (2017): 1125–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1248/bpb.b17-00213.

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29

Nozza, Emma, Gloria Melzi, Laura Marabini, Marina Marinovich, Stefano Piazza, Saba Khalilpour, Mario Dell’Agli, and Enrico Sangiovanni. "Rhus coriaria L. Fruit Extract Prevents UV-A-Induced Genotoxicity and Oxidative Injury in Human Microvascular Endothelial Cells." Antioxidants 9, no. 4 (April 1, 2020): 292. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox9040292.

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Rhus coriaria L. (sumac) is a small plant widely diffused in the Mediterranean region. Its fruit are often consumed as a spice but are also present in traditional medicine of several countries. Recently, interest in this plant has increased and many scientific works reported its beneficial effects including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Plant extracts can be successfully used against ultraviolet rays, which are able to reach and damage the human skin; however, sumac extracts were never applied to this usage. Thus, in this study, we used a macerated ethanol extract of Rhus coriaria L. dried fruit (mERC) to demonstrate its preventive role against the damage induced by ultraviolet-A rays (UV-A) on microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1). In vitro effects of the extract pre-treatment and UV-A exposure were evaluated in detail. The antioxidant capacity was assessed by reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and cellular antioxidant activity measurement. Genoprotective effects of mERC were investigated as well. Our findings indicate that the extract acts as a cell cycle inhibitor or apoptosis inducer, according to the level of damage. The present work provides new insights into the usage of Rhus coriaria extracts against skin injuries.
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30

MacKenzie, Donald. "Mechanizing the Merc: The Chicago Mercantile Exchange and the Rise of High-Frequency Trading." Technology and Culture 56, no. 3 (2015): 646–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/tech.2015.0102.

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Mercalli, Luca. "Postfazione. Più contaminazioni disciplinari per risolvere la crisi ambientale." IRENE - Interdisciplinary Researches on Ethics and the Natural Environment 9788879167116 (April 2015): 163–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.7359/711-2015-merc.

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32

Kiyono, Masako, Yuka Sone, Kiyomi Miyahara, Yumiko Oka, Masumi Nakamura, Ryosuke Nakamura, Masa H. Sato, Hidemitsu Pan-Hou, Kou Sakabe, and Ken-ichiro Inoue. "Genetic expression of bacterial merC fused with plant SNARE in Saccharomyces cerevisiae increased mercury accumulation." Biochemical Engineering Journal 56, no. 3 (October 2011): 137–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bej.2011.05.009.

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Kiyono, Masako, Kiyomi Miyahara, Yuka Sone, Hidemitsu Pan-Hou, Shimpei Uraguchi, Ryosuke Nakamura, and Kou Sakabe. "Engineering expression of the heavy metal transporter MerC in Saccharomyces cerevisiae for increased cadmium accumulation." Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 86, no. 2 (December 24, 2009): 753–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00253-009-2402-0.

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34

Hamlett, N. V., E. C. Landale, B. H. Davis, and A. O. Summers. "Roles of the Tn21 merT, merP, and merC gene products in mercury resistance and mercury binding." Journal of Bacteriology 174, no. 20 (1992): 6377–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.174.20.6377-6385.1992.

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35

Sasaki, Yoshito, Takahiko Hayakawa, Chihiro Inoue, Atsushi Miyazaki, Simon Silver, and Tomonobu Kusano. "Generation of Mercury-Hyperaccumulating Plants through Transgenic Expression of the Bacterial Mercury Membrane Transport Protein MerC." Transgenic Research 15, no. 5 (July 9, 2006): 615–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11248-006-9008-4.

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36

Yang, Hongyan, Shao-Hung Wei, Jon L. Hobman, and Christine E. R. Dodd. "Antibiotic and Metal Resistance in Escherichia coli Isolated from Pig Slaughterhouses in the United Kingdom." Antibiotics 9, no. 11 (October 28, 2020): 746. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics9110746.

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Antimicrobial resistance is currently an important concern, but there are few data on the co-presence of metal and antibiotic resistance in potentially pathogenic Escherichia coli entering the food chain from pork, which may threaten human health. We have examined the phenotypic and genotypic resistances to 18 antibiotics and 3 metals (mercury, silver, and copper) of E. coli from pig slaughterhouses in the United Kingdom. The results showed resistances to oxytetracycline, streptomycin, sulphonamide, ampicillin, chloramphenicol, trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole, ceftiofur, amoxicillin–clavulanic acid, aztreonam, and nitrofurantoin. The top three resistances were oxytetracycline (64%), streptomycin (28%), and sulphonamide (16%). Two strains were resistant to six kinds of antibiotics. Three carried the blaTEM gene. Fifteen strains (18.75%) were resistant to 25 µg/mL mercury and five (6.25%) of these to 50 µg/mL; merA and merC genes were detected in 14 strains. Thirty-five strains (43.75%) showed resistance to silver, with 19 possessing silA, silB, and silE genes. Fifty-five strains (68.75%) were resistant to 8 mM copper or above. Seven contained the pcoE gene. Some strains were multi-resistant to antibiotics, silver, and copper. The results in this study, based on strains isolated between 2007 and 2010, will aid understanding about the effects of strategies to reduce resistance and mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance (AMR).
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37

Garcia, Bruna M., Thiago S. Machado, Karen F. Carvalho, Patrícia Nolasco, Ricardo P. Nociti, Maite del Collado, Maria J. D. Capo Bianco, et al. "Mice born to females with oocyte-specific deletion of mitofusin 2 have increased weight gain and impaired glucose homeostasis." Molecular Human Reproduction 26, no. 12 (October 28, 2020): 938–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/molehr/gaaa071.

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Abstract Offspring born to obese and diabetic mothers are prone to metabolic diseases, a phenotype that has been linked to mitochondrial dysfunction and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in oocytes. In addition, metabolic diseases impact the architecture and function of mitochondria-ER contact sites (MERCs), changes which associate with mitofusin 2 (MFN2) repression in muscle, liver and hypothalamic neurons. MFN2 is a potent modulator of mitochondrial metabolism and insulin signaling, with a key role in mitochondrial dynamics and tethering with the ER. Here, we investigated whether offspring born to mice with MFN2-deficient oocytes are prone to obesity and diabetes. Deletion of Mfn2 in oocytes resulted in a profound transcriptomic change, with evidence of impaired mitochondrial and ER function. Moreover, offspring born to females with oocyte-specific deletion of Mfn2 presented increased weight gain and glucose intolerance. This abnormal phenotype was linked to decreased insulinemia and defective insulin signaling, but not mitochondrial and ER defects in offspring liver and skeletal muscle. In conclusion, this study suggests a link between disrupted mitochondrial/ER function in oocytes and increased risk of metabolic diseases in the progeny. Future studies should determine whether MERC architecture and function are altered in oocytes from obese females, which might contribute toward transgenerational transmission of metabolic diseases.
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Fan, Yuxiang, and Thomas Simmen. "Mechanistic Connections between Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Redox Control and Mitochondrial Metabolism." Cells 8, no. 9 (September 12, 2019): 1071. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells8091071.

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The past decade has seen the emergence of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) chaperones as key determinants of contact formation between mitochondria and the ER on the mitochondria-associated membrane (MAM). Despite the known roles of ER–mitochondria tethering factors like PACS-2 and mitofusin-2, it is not yet entirely clear how they mechanistically interact with the ER environment to determine mitochondrial metabolism. In this article, we review the mechanisms used to communicate ER redox and folding conditions to the mitochondria, presumably with the goal of controlling mitochondrial metabolism at the Krebs cycle and at the electron transport chain, leading to oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). To achieve this goal, redox nanodomains in the ER and the interorganellar cleft influence the activities of ER chaperones and Ca2+-handling proteins to signal to mitochondria. This mechanism, based on ER chaperones like calnexin and ER oxidoreductases like Ero1α, controls reactive oxygen production within the ER, which can chemically modify the proteins controlling ER–mitochondria tethering, or mitochondrial membrane dynamics. It can also lead to the expression of apoptotic or metabolic transcription factors. The link between mitochondrial metabolism and ER homeostasis is evident from the specific functions of mitochondria–ER contact site (MERC)-localized Ire1 and PERK. These functions allow these two transmembrane proteins to act as mitochondria-preserving guardians, a function that is apparently unrelated to their functions in the unfolded protein response (UPR). In scenarios where ER stress cannot be resolved via the activation of mitochondrial OXPHOS, MAM-localized autophagosome formation acts to remove defective portions of the ER. ER chaperones such as calnexin are again critical regulators of this MERC readout.
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Miles, Carl J., and Min Zhou. "Determination of Nabam Fungicide in Crops by Liquid Chromatography with Postcolumn Reaction Detection." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 74, no. 2 (March 1, 1991): 384–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/74.2.384.

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Abstract The ethyleneblsdlthlocarbamate (EBDC) fungicide, nabam, was determined In several crop matrixes using liquid chromatography with postcolumn reaction detection. After separation by mlcellar liquid chromatography, nabam (EBDC sodium salt) was acid hydrolyzed to ethylenedlamlne and fluorogenlcally labeled with o-phthalaldehyde-mercaptoethanol (OPA-MERC). Standard curves were linear from the detection limit of ca 1 ng to 1000 ng. Nabam was recovered In high yield (89 ±7.7%) over a range of concentrations (0.1 to 20 ppm) from fortified samples of papaya, lettuce, cucumber, spinach, and applesauce using a simple extraction method. Efforts to convert the more popular EBDC fungicides, maneb and mancozeb, to nabam are discussed.
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40

Rahayu, Sarwati. "ANALISA DAN PERANCANGAN SISTEM PEMILIHAN KETUA HIMPUNAN MAHASISWA STUDI KASUS: PROGRAM STUDI SISTEM INFORMASI UNIVERSITAS MERC BUANA." Jurnal Ilmiah FIFO 8, no. 1 (May 1, 2016): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.22441/fifo.v8i1.1303.

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Universitas Mercu Buana telah memiliki 6 fakultas dan 16 program studi, salah satunya adalah program studi Sistem Informasi. Program Studi Sistem Informasi berdiri pada tahun 2004, dengan jumlah mahasiswa sekitar 32 orang. Dalam proses pemilihan ketua HIMA, program studi Sistem Informasi masih melakukan kegiatan pemilihan dengan cara mendatangi tempat pemungutan suara. Hal ini menjadi kurang efektif mengingat banyak sekali mahasiswa yang akan ikut serta dalam pemilihan Ketua HIMA. Dalam perancangan Sistem Pemilihan Ketua Himpunan Mahasiswa (HIMA), menggunakan Metode Rekayasa Perangkat Lunak yaitu Waterfall sampai dengan tahapan Perancangan. Adapun Pemodelan Sistem yang digunakan adalah Unified Modelling System (UML) dengan diagramnya antara lain Use Case Diagram serta perancangan Database menggunakan Class Diagram
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Kusano, T., G. Y. Ji, C. Inoue, and S. Silver. "Constitutive synthesis of a transport function encoded by the Thiobacillus ferrooxidans merC gene cloned in Escherichia coli." Journal of Bacteriology 172, no. 5 (1990): 2688–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.172.5.2688-2692.1990.

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42

Javed, Danish, Ashish Kumar Dixit, and Himanshi Vats. "Review of Published Case Reports of COVID-19 Associated Mucormycosis with Search of Therapeutic Potential in Ayurveda and Homeopathy." International Journal of Health Sciences and Research 11, no. 8 (August 26, 2021): 114–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20210817.

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Background and Objectives: Infection with COVID-19 has been linked to fungal diseases. The sudden increase in mucormycosis cases has sparked the scientific community interest. In this review, we attempted to investigate the role of Ayurveda and Homoeopathy in the treatment of mucormycosis. Methodology: The research was carried out in three stages; first step, studies on COVID-19 and mucormycosis were searched on various databases such as PubMed and Google Scholar until May 21, 2021, second step was to search authentic Ayurvedic and Homeopathic text books for the context of mucormycosis and symptoms were repertorised to find homeopathic medicines and finally, in the last step, findings were analysed and concluded in order to arrive at a factual solution. Result: We found total 16 search results from bio-medical databases of which 14 articles were included. Except source books, no studies with respect to Ayurveda and Homoeopathy were found in above databases. In Ayurveda, Rajyakshama and krimijshirorog has close similarity to COVID associated mucormycosis. Vrinhana, vata-pitta nashakmadhuraushadhi, gritpaan,dugdha, nasya, dhum, kawal, gandush, mriduvirechan may be beneficial along with immune boosting drugs like ashawagandha, giloya, tulsi, vidanga etc. Rhino-orbito-cerbral mucormycosis (ROCM) can be treated with Arsenic album, Kali bichromicum, and Merc solubilis, while pulmonary mucormycosis (PM) with Arsenic album, Phosphorus and Acalypha indica. Similarly, gastrointestinal mucormycosis (GM) and cutaneous mucormycosis (CM) can be combated with Arsenic album, Lachesis, Merc Corrosivus etc. and Anthracinum, Arsenic album, Lachesis, Sulphur, Secale cornutum, and so on in Homoeopathy. Conclusion: In the absence of rigorous trials, the review results found no conclusive comment on the efficacy of CAM in mucormycosis, but anecdotal evidence suggests in favour. To demonstrate its role, rigorous, exploratory, pilot, randomised control trials should be conducted in the future, either alone or as an add-on. Key words: COVID-19; Mucormycosis; Black Fungus; Post-COVID-19 care; Rehabilitation; Ayurveda; Homoeopathy.
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Love, Jeffrey N., Wendy C. Coates, Sally A. Santen, Cherri D. Hobgood, Brian E. Mavis, and Susan E. Farrell. "The MERC at CORD Scholars Program in Medical Education Research: A Novel Faculty Development Opportunity for Emergency Physicians." Academic Emergency Medicine 16 (December 2009): S37—S41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1553-2712.2009.00591.x.

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44

Sahlman, Lena, Wendy Wong, and Justin Powlowski. "A Mercuric Ion Uptake Role for the Integral Inner Membrane Protein, MerC, Involved in Bacterial Mercuric Ion Resistance." Journal of Biological Chemistry 272, no. 47 (November 21, 1997): 29518–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.272.47.29518.

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45

Sahlman, Lena, Eva-Maj Hägglöf, and Justin Powlowski. "Roles of the Four Cysteine Residues in the Function of the Integral Inner Membrane Hg2+-Binding Protein, MerC." Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 255, no. 2 (February 1999): 307–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/bbrc.1999.0192.

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46

Haack, Micheli de Souza, Alessandra Konrath, Ana Kelly Cattelan, and Ruth Marlene Campomanes Santana. "ESTIMATIVA DE INCERTEZAS NAS MEDIDAS DE TEMPERATURA EM ENSAIOS DE CALORIMETRIA DIFERENCIAL DE VARREDURA-DSC." Interfaces Científicas - Saúde e Ambiente 5, no. 1 (October 1, 2016): 95–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.17564/2316-3798.2016v5n1p95-106.

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Este trabalho apresenta o estudo para a estimativa de incerteza nas medidas de temperatura em ensaios de calorimetria diferencial de varredura (DSC), utilizando uma amostra de polipropileno (PP) para determinar as incertezas em relaÁ„o ao uso de diferentes massas, ‡ repetitividade e ‡ reprodutibilidade e ‡ diferentes taxas de aquecimento. No estudo ainda foram consideradas as fontes de incerteza referentes ao instrumento de DSC, Q20 TA Instruments, e as medidas de verificaÁ„o de calibraÁ„o do DSC com padrıes de Ìndio e merc˙rio com pureza de 99,99 %. Os ensaios foram realizados seguindo a norma ASTM D3418. Mantendo os experimentos apenas para uma taxa de aquecimento de 10 ∞C/min, usualmente a mais utilizada na rotina do laboratÛrio, a incerteza expandida È de 1,82 ∞C.
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47

Westerdahl, Christer. "The Maritime Middle Ages—Past, Present, and Future. Some Ideas from a Scandinavian Horizon." European Journal of Archaeology 17, no. 1 (2014): 120–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/1461957113y.0000000046.

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This paper was conceived as a keynote lecture for the Medieval Europe Research Congress (MERC) 2012 in Helsinki. The author himself has gone a long way from the more or less exclusively ship-functionalist perspective he presented at the first conference of this kind, Medieval Europe in 1992 in York. The intention here is to inspire other maritime archaeologists who may be stuck in studying ship technologies to apply their knowledge in contextual and cross-disciplinary approaches to ships, landscapes, and the human mind of the Middle Ages. A few examples of possible ways are discussed, albeit admittedly incompletely. These include a number of examples from the author's own research, which were strongly under the influence of a functionalist and techno-practical perspective in the 1990s.
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48

Faustini, Gaia, Elena Marchesan, Laura Zonta, Federica Bono, Emanuela Bottani, Francesca Longhena, Elena Ziviani, Alessandra Valerio, and Arianna Bellucci. "Alpha-Synuclein Preserves Mitochondrial Fusion and Function in Neuronal Cells." Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2019 (November 23, 2019): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4246350.

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Dysregulations of mitochondria with alterations in trafficking and morphology of these organelles have been related to Parkinson’s disease (PD), a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by brain accumulation of Lewy bodies (LB), intraneuronal inclusions mainly composed of α-synuclein (α-syn) fibrils. Experimental evidence supports that α-syn pathological aggregation can negatively impinge on mitochondrial functions suggesting that this protein may be crucially involved in the control of mitochondrial homeostasis. The aim of this study was to assay this hypothesis by analyzing mitochondrial function and morphology in primary cortical neurons from C57BL/6JOlaHsd α-syn null and C57BL/6J wild-type (wt) mice. Primary cortical neurons from mice lacking α-syn showed decreased respiration capacity measured with a Seahorse XFe24 Extracellular Flux Analyzer. In addition, morphological Airyscan superresolution microscopy showed the presence of fragmented mitochondria while real-time PCR and western blot confirmed altered expression of proteins involved in mitochondrial shape modifications in the primary cortical neurons of α-syn null mice. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) studies showed that α-syn null neurons exhibited impaired mitochondria-endoplasmic reticulum (ER) physical interaction. Specifically, we identified a decreased number of mitochondria-ER contacts (MERCs) paralleled by a significant increase in ER-mitochondria distance (i.e., MERC length). These findings support that α-syn physiologically preserves mitochondrial functions and homeostasis. Studying α-syn/mitochondria interplay in health and disease is thus pivotal for understanding their involvement in PD and other LB disorders.
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Seidel, J. V., D. Ehrenreich, R. Allart, H. J. Hoeijmakers, C. Lovis, V. Bourrier, L. Pino, et al. "Into the storm: diving into the winds of the ultra-hot Jupiter WASP-76 b with HARPS and ESPRESSO." Astronomy & Astrophysics 653 (September 2021): A73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202140569.

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Context. Despite swift progress in the characterisation of exoplanet atmospheres in composition and structure, the study of atmospheric dynamics has not progressed at the same speed. While theoretical models have been developed to describe the lower layers of the atmosphere, and independently, the exosphere, little is known about the intermediate layers up to the thermosphere. Aims. We aim to provide a clearer picture of atmospheric dynamics for the class of ultra-hot Jupiters, which are highly irradiated gas giants, based on the example of WASP-76 b. Methods. We jointly analysed two datasets that were obtained with the HARPS and ESPRESSO spectrographs to interpret the resolved planetary sodium doublet. We then applied the MERC code, which retrieves wind patterns, speeds, and temperature profiles on the line shape of the sodium doublet. An updated version of MERC, with added planetary rotation, also provides the possibility of modelling the latitude dependence of the wind patterns. Results. We retrieve the highest Bayesian evidence for an isothermal atmosphere, interpreted as a mean temperature of 3389 ± 227 K, a uniform day- to nightside wind of 5.5−2.0+1.4 km s−1 in the lower atmosphere with a vertical wind in the upper atmosphere of 22.7−4.1+4.9 km s−1, switching atmospheric wind patterns at 10−3 bar above the reference surface pressure (10 bar). Conclusions. Our results for WASP-76 b are compatible with previous studies of the lower atmospheric dynamics of WASP-76 b and other ultra-hot Jupiters. They highlight the need for vertical winds in the intermediate atmosphere above the layers probed by global circulation model studies to explain the line broadening of the sodium doublet in this planet. This work demonstrates the capability of exploiting the resolved spectral line shapes to observationally constrain possible wind patterns in exoplanet atmospheres. This is an invaluable input to more sophisticated 3D atmospheric models in the future.
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Sukul, Nirmal. "Experimental evidence in support of the biological effects and physical basis of homeopathic potencies." International Journal of High Dilution Research - ISSN 1982-6206 11, no. 40 (December 21, 2021): 142–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.51910/ijhdr.v11i40.568.

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Abstract:
Background: Homeopathic potencies 12 cH and above cross the Avogadro number and, for this, do not contain any original drug molecules. Two major problems involved in the scientific study of potencies are (1) understanding the physical basis of potencies and (2) demonstrating the biological effects of potencies. The present study aims to address these questions. Methods and Results: In course of our experimental studies spanned over more than 30 years we have demonstrated significant effects of homeopathic potencies on man, animals and plants. We have also showed that potencies could be differentiated through their electronic spectra, and this difference in spectra can be attributed to the electron transfer interaction. In a molecular complex, electron of one molecule absorbs a quantum of visible radiation and is excited, not to a higher energy level of this molecule, but to one of the vacant high energy levels of the neighboring molecules. This process is known as electron or charge transfer interaction. This has been demonstrated in Iodine ө in two different solvents of CCl4 and aqueous ethanol (Sukul N C, Environ Ecol 17,866-872, 1999). We have further demonstrated that the effect of a homeopathic potency can be transmitted from one part of a plant to another, and also from one plant to another through water. I am presenting here a few selected cases of our experimental studies. Potentized Nux vomica significantly reduced ethanol consumption in rats by 73.7%and ethanol-induced sleep time in albino mice by 44.4%. Causticum 30 C and Rhus tox 30 C produced anti-inflamatory and anti-nocicptive effect on adjuvant arthritis in albino rats. Potentized homeopathic drugs reduced microfilaraemia by 28 to 100% and filariasis in two villages of West Bengal endemic for Bancroftian filaiasis. Potentized Cina and Thuja ameliorated trichinellosis in mice reducing larval population in muscles by 84% and 68%, respectively. Potencies of Agaricus and Nux vomica, produced excitatory effect on the isolated rat ileum. Potentized drugs altered firing rate of hypothalamic neurons in rats and cats. Nux vom 30 c and Merc cor 30c facilitated water permeability in erythrocytes of catfish in a test tube. Potencies of Merc cor and Merc iod enhanced α-amylase activity in vitro ,by 44 and 21%,respectively. Drugs ,that inhibit photosynthesis and plant growth in high doses, promote the same phenomena when applied on plants at ultra low doses. Potentized Cantharis, a homeopathic drug used for burn injuries, counter the effect of heat shock in Adhatoda vasica plants in terms of modulating the expression of heat-shock proteins in the plants. The effect of heat shock and of Cantharis treatment could be transmitted from one plant to another through water. The global network of surface water in a closed system is thought to be responsible for producing this effect. Several potentized homeopathic drugs show distinct variation from each other in their absorption spectra in ultra violet region of light. These drugs when mixed with sucrose solution, also show marked differences from each other at temperatures as low as 4 0 C and as high as 70 0 C. Electron transfer interaction may contribute to the characteristic spectral properties of a homeopathic potency. Conclusions: Homeopathic potencies could be detected and differentiated by their electronic spectra. Potencies show marked effect on animals, plants, ex vivo effect on isolated organs and in vitro effect on enzymes. Keywords: Homeopathic potencies, electronic spectra, ethanol intake, adjuvant arthritis, filariasis, Cantharis, Nux vomica
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