Journal articles on the topic 'Merano (Italy). Museo civico'

Abstract. Digital technologies are increasingly being used in the field of archaeology to provide three-dimensional metric information to scholars and help them in the process of understanding and interpreting the site under investigation. Among different surveying methods certainly photogrammetry has many advantages being a low cost, reliable and fast technique, but most importantly it allows the creation of realistic and interactive 3D models that can be viewed and interpreted by a wider audience. This certainly makes the enjoyment of sites easier and makes data accessible from anywhere. This study shows three particularly significant case studies in the archaeological field where photogrammetry has served as support. These case studies are representative of specific situations in which archaeology requires digitization of artefacts. The first one concerns the Temple of Apollo in Gortyn (Crete, Greece), the second one is the ancient city of Nora (Sardinia, Italy) and the third one is the Museo Civico of Eremitani in Padua (Italy). The paper explains how 3D metric surveying has served for the representation and analysis of stratigraphic sections of buildings in the case of the Gortyn site, for the creation of virtual tours of archaeological sites in the case of Nora, and for the documentation and visualization of small artifacts in the case of the Museo Civico of Eremitani by highlighting potentials and criticalities of the method.

The occurrence and the history of Neotropical mammal specimens in the collections of naturalistic museums in Rome, Italy, and their scientific utilization is here reviewed. These specimens belong to several scientific expeditions made after the discovery of the new Continent. The oldest specimens date back to the famous Museum of Athanasius Kircher at the Collegio Romano (1651) and to the Museo Zoologico della Università di Roma that was established inside the University of the Pontificial State (Archigymnasium) (1823). Many of these early specimens are now lost due to the complex history of Roman scientific museology, but some specimens are now available mainly in two institutions, the Museo Civico di Zoologia (established in 1932) and the Museo di Anatomia Comparata “Battista Grassi” of “Sapienza” University of Rome (1935). Among the numerous specimens, is noteworthy the presence of a hairy long-nosed armadillo, Dasypus pilosus, the first record in an Italian zoological collection and the 26th known specimen of this species in world museums. More recently, some Roman researchers have maintained a scientific interest for Neotropical mammals, including primates, with collaboration with South American mammalogists. A greater historical knowledge of scientific activities concerning the work of Italians researchers on Neotropical biodiversity should be pursued.

No living Opilioacarus species have been described from Europe for more than a century since the first finding and species description in the early twentieth century. Using the material deposited in Museo Civico di Storia Naturale of Verona, Italy, it was possible to identify and describe a new Opilioacarus species and review the genus diagnosis, using the shape of setae d and setation of the preanal segment. The new species is also briefly compared with the other Opilioacarus species; Opilioacarus italicus (With, 1904) is considered a nomen dubium.

MCSNB: Museo Civico di Scienze Naturali “E. Caffi”, Bergamo, Italy; NMBE: Natural History Museum of Bern, Switzerland; HF: Private Collection Holger Frick; MI: Private Collection Marco Isaia, stored at Life Science and System Biology, University of Turin. ALE: anterior lateral eyes; AME: anterior median eyes; ARP: anterior radical process; DP: dorsal plate; DSA: distal suprategular apophysis; E: embolus; EM: embolic membrane; ISA: inner suprategular apophysis; PC: paracymbium; PLE: posterior lateral eyes; PME: posterior median eyes; RTP: radical tailpiece; ST: subtegulum; T: tegulum; TmI: Trichobothrium on metatarsus I; VP: ventral plate.

Cercyon bononiensis Chiesa, 1964 was described from two specimens collected in northern Italy in 1924–1925. For some time, these specimens were identified as C. inquinatus Wollaston, 1854. Only 40 years later, having examined the type of the latter species, Chiesa (1964) realized that the two specimens belonged to an undescribed species that he then described as Cercyon bononiensis. Based on the chagrined elytra mentioned in the original description, C. bononiensis has been placed in the Cercyon tristis group by subsequent authors. Recently, we examined a small number of Cercyon specimens from northern Italy and surprisingly found two specimens of C. hungaricus Endrödy-Younga, 1967, an easily recognizable member of the C. tristis group which was previously considered a Pannonian endemic by Fikáček et al. (2009) but was recently also found in northern Germany (Bäse 2010). The presence of this unusual species led us to question whether C. hungaricus might be conspecific with C. bononiensis. This was subsequently confirmed by the study of the types of both species. Here, we provide a summary of our studies and synonymize C. hungaricus with C. bononiensis. Examined specimens are deposited in the following collections: Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest, Hungary (HNHM), Museo Civico di Storia Naturale Milano, Italy (MSNM), collection of S. Rocchi at the Museo di Storia Naturale dell'Università di Firenze, Sezione di Zoologia "La Specola" (CRO).

[Lanius excubitor is a polymorphic species with 12 subspecies. In the last years the taxonomy of this species has been reviewed several times. According to the literature, in Italy Lanius excubitor is a regular migrator, wintering and irregular nesting, occurring with three subspecies: L. excubitor excubitor, L. e. homeyeri and L. e. sibiricus. This paper aims at reviewing the subspecies actually occurring in Italy by analyzing the specimens preserved in the Arrigoni degli Oddi’s collection at the Museo Civico di Zoologia in Rome (Italy). The morphometrics and colouring of 66 specimens were examined in relation to the most recent literature data. This review allowed to demonstrate that all specimens described as L. e. homeyeri in this collection have to be attributed to the nominate subspecies; only the specimen described as L. przelwaskii (now L. e. leucopterus) is a true L. e. homeyeri. According to these data, the ssp. homeyeri must be considered very rare in Italy, contrarily to some previously reported information. Specimens ascribed to L. borealis sibiricus do not show the characters of this subspecies, consequently they should not be included in the check list of Italian species.] [Article in Italian]

A new species of mole-rat with a striking colour pattern is described from a single mounted specimen in the historical collection of the ‘Museo Civico di Zoologia’ in Rome, Italy. The lack of skull and original collecting data does not allow the gathering of firm evidences about its taxonomic relationships, geographical range and ecological preferences. This taxon is provisionally allocated to the recently created genus Fukomys Kock, Ingram, Frabotta, Honeycutt and Burda 2006 on the grounds of pelage colour pattern and geographical origin. All the available evidence, including label and other fragmentary historical data, supports Fukomys ilariae sp. nov. as originating from the Lower Shebelle region near Mogadishu, Somalia, historically known as Benadir. This discovery highlights the relevance for biodiversity conservation of the Horn of Africa and the need of further faunistic research to describe its fauna.

In a recent non-destructive analytical campaign at Museo Civico, Castello Ursino, in Catania, Italy, several paintings in the permanent collection were investigated by MA-XRF scanning, with a special focus on Matthias Stomer’s production. On one depiction of the Mocking of Christ (ca. 1640) donated to the municipality of Catania by G.B. Finocchiaro in 1826, the analysis documented the use of Naples yellow. Sb with Pb was detected in yellow areas of the Mocking of Christ, but not in his work Tobias healing his father. This finding possibly suggested an early use of lead antimonate yellow in South Italy, although it is generally accepted that this pigment was introduced in painting in the eighteenth century. Further details on his technique and later conservation treatments are provided, as well as literary comparisons with the artistic production during the same period, in Sicily and elsewhere. A systematic study of Stomer’s works, for example examining paintings produced while he was in Naples or Rome, might determine whether this material choice depended on local availability. Overall, it would shed light on his technique, as well as on the history of Naples yellow in southern Italy and beyond, before this pigment became so popular in the eighteenth century.

An illuminated Book of Hours (in use in Chalon-sur-Saône) currently owned by the Museo Civico di Arte Antica and displayed in the prestigious Palazzo Madama in Torino (Italy) was investigated by means of optical microscopy, fibre optic reflectance spectroscopy, fibre optic molecular fluorimetry, X-ray fluorescence spectrometry and Raman spectroscopy. The aim of the scientific survey was to expand the knowledge of the manuscript itself and on the materials and techniques employed by Antoine the Lonhy, the versatile itinerant artist who decorated the book in the 15th century. The focus was to reveal the original colourants and to investigate the pigments used in rough retouches which were visible in some of the miniatures. The investigation was carried out in situ by portable instruments according to a non-invasive analytical sequence previously developed. It was evident that the use of different pigments by the master was ruled, at least partially, by a hierarchical scheme in which more precious materials were linked to the most important characters or details in the painted scene.

Here, I propose a revision of 19 specimens of turriculate gastropod (family Coelostylinidae) from the Esino limestone formation (Ladinian). They form part of the surviving material of the historic Stoppani Collection, which was almost totally destroyed in the Second World War. The collection is kept at the Museo Civico di Storia Naturale in Milan, Italy. The specimens have already been described by Garassino (1992) but without a critical revision of their classification. Indeed, based on presumed likenesses with specimens reconstructed in <em>Paléontologie Lombarde</em> (Stoppani, 1858-60), Garassino believed he had rediscovered many of Stoppani’s holotypes. For his classification of the material, Garassino consulted a revision by Kittl (1899) but he did not take into account the much more realistic drawings of the Stoppani’s holotypes that Kittl published therein. A more detailed study, conducted by comparing the shapes and dimensions of the specimens with the drawings and original descriptions, and their reclassification, reveals that none of the specimens are, in actual fact, a holotype or more correctly a specimen described and illustrated by Stoppani, and that some have been assigned the wrong label. Nevertheless, the material and original handwritten labels are confirmed to be from Stoppani’s studies.

Althepus pictus Thorell, 1898 is the type species of the genus Althepus Thorell, 1898 from the family Psilodercidae Machado, 1951. This genus includes 60 species from Southeast Asia (WSC 2020). A. pictus was described on the basis of one male and one female from Carin Chebà mountains, elevation 600‒800 m, Kayin Province, Myanmar. Another female specimen lacking several legs was found in Farm Caves in Mawlamyine, Mon State, Myanmar. The original description was in Latin and without any figures. Fage (1912) redescribed it based on the same male and female type specimens from Carin Chebà, but without mentioning the female from Farm Caves. Fage (1912) provided measurements, but the figures of the male right palp are imprecise. The species is redescribed here based on the original male and female type specimens deposited in Museo Civico di Storia Naturale ‘Giacomo Doria’ (MSNG) in Italy. The male and female type specimens are the only known material of A. pictus. No information is available on the female specimen from Farm Caves, which maybe have been lost. No fresh material of this species has been collected in region during five subsequent expeditions to Myanmar tours organized by the Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute in the years 2016–2020.

A commented catalogue of Coleoptera Staphylinidae present in Verona province (Veneto, Northern Italy) is provided. It is based on published as well as mostly unpublished records, with the Sette collection at the Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Verona as main source. These records are filed in a freely downloadable database (http://www.societaentomologicaitaliana.it/it/archivio-comunicazioni/78-archiviati/269-database-staphylinidae-verona.html). Verona province is a very diverse area, with habitats ranging from montane/alpine to hill and plain, which are natural, seminatural or anthropogenic. A total of 988 species are listed. Localities, habitats, microhabitats, collecting methods, altitudinal range, months of capture, latest year of capture and number of specimens are given for each species. Comments are added for 149 remarkable species or genera (<em>i.e</em>. new to Italy, endemic, with particular geographic distribution, living in particular habitats, introduced, problematic from a taxonomic point of view), 7 species are new records for Italy (<em>Tachyporus corpulentus J.</em> Sahlberg, 1876, <em>Aleochara bellonata</em> Krása, 1922, <em>Aleochara marmotae</em> Sainte-Claire Deville, 1927, <em>Atheta (Ceritaxa) flavipes</em> (Hochhuth, 1860), <em>Atheta (Philhygra) pseudoelongatula</em> Bernhauer, 1907, <em>Stenomastax platygaster</em> (Kraatz, 1859), <em>Carpelimus boops rondaensis</em> (Fagel, 1957)), one is very probably new to science (<em>Leptusa</em> sp.). The biogeographic analysis of the data is mostly based on the comparison of the main areas of the province (Monte Baldo, Lessinia, Morene del Garda, course of Adige river, and plain). The presence of a good percentage (5%) of endemic species is pointed out. The communities inhabiting the principal habitats and microhabitats are commented on, and remarkable species living in the protected areas of the province are listed.

The pill millipede species Glomeris aurita Koch, 1847 remained of relative unknown origin and appearance until its recent rediscovery in samples from the Bergamasque Alps, northern Italy. In order to provide an integrative redescription and accurate identification of the high-altitude microendemic G. aurita, COI barcode sequences from three individuals coming from two different localities were obtained. These sequences are compared with those of the syntopic endemic G. oblongoguttata Verhoeff, 1894, the widespread black morph of G. romana Verhoeff, 1900, as well as several widespread species including G. marginata Villers, 1789, G. connexa Koch, 1847, and G. klugii Brandt, 1833, which have rare colour morphs that exhibit some similarity to G. aurita. To rule-out any identity confusion of G. aurita with other high-altitude or little-known Italian Glomeris, specimens of G. transalpina Koch, 1836, G. oropensis Verhoeff, 1934, and G. primordialis Verhoeff, 1932 were also added to the dataset. Altogether, 24 sequences were compared. Morphologically, the specimens of G. aurita were studied utilizing scanning electron microscopy as well as non-invasive micro-CT technology. The distribution of both Bergamasque endemics, G. aurita and G. oblongoguttata, could be mapped and compared utilizing samples from the Museo civico di Scienze Naturali di Bergamo, as well as photographic evidence from an Italian naturalist forum. G. aurita has a very short active period and is the first known pill millipede species restricted to mountain tops and cold places, possibly representing a Nunatak survivor.

Leonardo Fea, an Italian explorer and traveler, sampled a comprehensive collection of continental Mollusca during his travels throughout the former British Burma (currently Myanmar) in 1885-1887. Cesare Maria Tapparone-Canefri, an Italian malacologist, studied this sample and published a paper with a description of numerous terrestrial and freshwater molluscan taxa new to science. This collection was partly deposited in the Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova (MSNG), Italy and the Indian Museum (ZSI: Zoological Survey of India) in Kolkata. Here, we provide a re-analysis of C.M. Tapparone-Canefri’s Burmese Unionidae collection. Our study reveals that the type series of only four nominal taxa described by Tapparone-Canefri as new to science in 1889 are still available in the MSNG, i.e. Unio rectangularis, U. pulcher, U. protensus var. obtusatus, and U. marginalis var. subflabellata. The first taxon is a valid species belonging to the genus Yaukthwa, while U. pulcher and U. protensus var. obtusatus are considered here as junior synonyms of the widespread Lamellidens generosus, and the last nominal taxon corresponds to L. savadiensis. The MSNG collection also contains shell lots of Indochinella pugio pugio, I. pugio paradoxa, Indonaia andersoniana, Radiatula chaudhurii, R. mouhoti haungthayawensis, Lamellidens savadiensis, L. generosus, Yaukthwa nesemanni, and Y. zayleymanensis, most of which were listed in Tapparone-Canefri’s work under incorrect names. We revise all the freshwater mussel taxa listed by Tapparone-Canefri based on the original descriptions, available DNA sequences, morphological data, and biogeographic evidence. A freshwater mussel from the Haungthayaw River that was identified by Tapparone-Canefri as Unio exolescens is described here as Trapezoideus mitanensis sp. nov., a fourth species in this small Contradentini genus with a restricted range. Finally, new taxonomic opinions are proposed here for Leoparreysia tavoyensis, Trapezidens dolichorhynchus, Lamellidens generosus, and Lamellidens savadiensis.

Настоящая работа является первым общим описанием на русском языке двух некрополей Кампокиаро (Кампобассо, Италия) – Виченне и Морионе, датируемых последней третью VII в. – началом VIII в. Культурное содержание некрополей показывает прочные связи с населением центральноазиатского происхождения. Важнейшим признаком некрополей являются захоронения с конем, соответствующие евразийскому кочевому погребальному обряду. Автор поддержал выводы европейских исследователей о том, что с большой долей вероятности некрополи оставлены булгарами дукса–гаштальда Алзеко, зафиксированными Павлом Диаконом в VIII в. на территориях Бояно, Сепино и Изернии. Аналогии некрополей Кампокиаро с погребениями Аварского каганата показывают присутствие в аварском обществе булгар со схожим погребальным обрядом. Из тысяч погребений с конем, оставленных аварским населением, булгарам могла принадлежать большая часть. Авары и булгары составляли основу и правящую верхушку каганата. Народ Алзеко являлся той частью булгар, которая в 631 г. боролась за каганский престол, что указывает на высокое положение булгар и их большое количество. После поражения эта группа булгар мигрировала последовательно в Баварию, Карантанию и Италию. Несколько десятков лет проживания в венедской, а затем в лангобардской и романской среде привели к гетерогенности погребального инвентаря, но не изменили сам обряд. Булгары лангобардского королевства составляли новый военный слой, который представлял из себя профессиональную кавалерию, получивший землю. Эта конная дружина является ранним примером европейского феодального воинского и социального сословия, которое станет называться рыцарством. Библиографические ссылки Акимова М.С. Материалы к антропологии ранних болгар // Генинг В.Ф., Халиков А.Х. Ранние болгары на Волге (Больше–Тарханский могильник). М.: Наука, 1964. С. 177–191. Амброз А.К. Кинжалы VI – VIII вв, с двумя выступами на ножнах // СА. 1986. № 4. С. 53–73. 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A highly distinctive genus of pselaphine tribe Batrisini, Feabatrus gen. nov., is described based on Leonardo Fea’s historical collection housed in the Museo Civico di Storia Naturale “G. Doria” di Genova, Italy. The genus includes two new species from Myanmar, F. myanmarensis sp. nov. and F. leonardoi sp. nov. Feabatrus gen. nov. is characterized and can be separated from related genera by large-sized body with long, suberect setae on the dorsal surface and antennae, pronotum with large marginal, discal and antebasal spines, elytra with a smooth disc and shallow discal striae, inner two basal foveae close, and lacking subhumeral fovea, distinct constriction between the elytra and the abdomen, and the female possessing an asymmetric genital complex as well as a flat, sub-trapezoidal tergite 5 (VIII) that has a small nodule in the middle of the posterior margin. A single female from Yunnan, southwestern China, representing a third species, is briefly described but left unnamed.