Journal articles: 'Mentally ill Attitudes Victoria'

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Beveridge, Allan, and Edward Renvoize. "The presentation of madness in the Victorian novel." Bulletin of the Royal College of Psychiatrists 12, no. 10 (October 1988): 411–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.12.10.411.

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The major novelists of the Victorian era enjoyed a large readership amongst the general public. They dealt with the pressing social issues of the day and their work both reflected and shaped society's attitudes to contemporary problems. The 19th century saw fundamental changes in society's response to the mentally ill with the creation of purpose-built asylums throughout the country. The Victorians were ambivalent in their reaction to the mentally disturbed. Whilst they sought to segregate the insane from the rest of the population, they were also terrified by the prospect of the wrongful confinement of sane people. The trial of Daniel McNaughton in 1843 for the assassination of Sir Robert Peel's Private Secretary, and the subsequent legislation, provoked general public debate about the nature of madness.

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Ramsay, Rosalind. "Psychiatrists and the public." Psychiatric Bulletin 15, no. 12 (December 1991): 795. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.15.12.795.

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One hundred and fifty years on, how, Professor Clare asked an invited audience of eminent non-psychiatrists at the Royal Society of Medicine, do we fare? Is there really a more positive attitude to mental illness, now than in the nineteenth century, or even the 1960s? The Victorian public image of madness was characterised by ignorance, intolerance and fear and the mentally ill regarded as less than human, available to be exploited or used to entertain; and also, dangerous and incurable, best put away in large mental hospitals or ‘bins’. The media colluded in maintaining such attitudes: a leader in The Times in 1900, commenting on the 30-fold increase in the mental hospital population, was anxious that soon the mad might outnumber the sane!

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Wolff, Geoffrey, Soumitra Pathare, Tom Craig, and Julian Leff. "Community Attitudes to Mental Illness." British Journal of Psychiatry 168, no. 2 (February 1996): 183–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.168.2.183.

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BackgroundThe baseline findings from a controlled study of the effect of a public education campaign on community attitudes to mental illness are presented.MethodA census of attitudes to mental illness was conducted in two areas, prior to the opening of supported houses for the mentally ill Factor analysis of the Community Attitudes toward the Mentally III (CAMI) inventory revealed three components: Fear and Exclusion, Social Control and Goodwill.ResultsThe only determinant of Fear and Exclusion was having children. The main determinants of Social Control were social class, ethnic origin, age, having suffered mental illness and having children. The main determinant of Goodwill was educational level The attitude factors were predictive of respondents' behavioural intentions toward the mentally ill. Respondents with children and non-Caucasians were more likely to object to the mentally ill living in their neighbourhood.ConclusionsAny intervention aimed at changing attitudes to mentally ill people in the community should be targeted at people with children and non-Caucasians, as these groups are more likely to object.

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Jeong, Gyung Chai, Eun Jeung Choi, Jun Ho Lee, and Ji Hyun Cho. "Effects of Work Experience of the Police with the Mentally Ill on their Attitudes towards the Mentally Ill: Focusing on the Mediating Effects of Knowledge on and Prejudice against the Mentally Ill." Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis 18, no. 6 (June 30, 2022): 105–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.14251/crisisonomy.2022.18.6.105.

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This study aimed to examine the dual mediating effects of knowledge of and prejudice against the mentally ill in relation to the effects of work experience of the police with the mentally ill on the police’s attitudes towards them. 309 police officers participated in the survey and the results are as follows. First, the police officers’ work experience, knowledge, prejudice, and attitudes regarding the mentally ill showed significant differences based on the demographic characteristics of the police officers. Second, unlike previous studies, it was found that with more work experience with the mentally ill, the lower the knowledge of the mentally ill and the greater the prejudice against them. Although greater knowledge of the mentally ill led to lower prejudice against them, the greater the knowledge, the more negative the attitude. Third, although the work experience with the mentally ill did not directly affect the police officers’ attitudes towards them, there was a sequential dual mediating effect on their attitudes towards the mentally ill through the mediating effects of knowledge and prejudice. Based on the results, reinforcement of mental illness education for police was suggested.

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Cates, Marshall E., Amber R. Burton, and Thomas W. Woolley. "Attitudes of Pharmacists Toward Mental Illness and Providing Pharmaceutical Care to the Mentally III." Annals of Pharmacotherapy 39, no. 9 (September 2005): 1450–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1345/aph.1g009.

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BACKGROUND: Few studies have examined the attitudes of pharmacists toward mental illness. OBJECTIVE: To study the attitudes of Alabama pharmacists toward both mental illness and the providing of pharmaceutical care to mentally ill patients. METHODS: The survey used in this project was composed of 3 sections. Section 1 collected demographic information, section 2 asked 11 Likert-type questions concerning attitudes toward mental illness, and section 3 asked about attitudes toward providing pharmaceutical care to mentally ill patients. The surveys were distributed to pharmacists attending 3 school-sponsored continuing education programs. RESULTS: One hundred eighty-seven pharmacists participated in the survey. The vast majority (>90%) of participants disagreed or strongly disagreed with statements that mentally ill patients are easily recognizable, unintelligent, and do not care how they look. Approximately 30–50% of participants expressed being “more” or “much more” confident, comfortable, interested, and likely to perform pharmaceutical care activities for mentally ill patients relative to medically ill patients, while only approximately 5–20% of participants expressed being “less” or “much less” so. Several demographic factors, including gender, age, and years in practice, were associated with attitudes toward providing pharmaceutical care to mentally ill patients. CONCLUSIONS: Pharmacists expressed generally positive attitudes toward both mental illness and the providing of pharmaceutical care to mentally ill patients.

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Mirabi, Mohsen, Maxine L. Weinman, Sandra M. Magnetti, and Kathleen N. Keppler. "Professional Attitudes Toward the Chronic Mentally Ill." Psychiatric Services 36, no. 4 (April 1985): 404–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/ps.36.4.404.

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Black, Patrick, Martin Duffy, John Kieran, James Mallon, and Bernadette M. Murphy. "Attitudes towards the mentally ill in Ireland." Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine 10, no. 2 (June 1993): 75–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s079096670001288x.

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AbstractObjective: This survey attempts to ascertain the attitude of the general public towards the mentally ill and former psychiatric patients in Ireland. Method: A random selection of 155 adults were interviewed using Likert-type scales (29 items). Results: Factor analysis revealed four main attitude dimensions: fear, lack of sympathy, personal rejection and perceived community rejection. Overall, respondents express a low level of fear and a high level of sympathy towards the mentally ill. Lack of sympathy correlated highly with older age group, lower educational level and lower socio-economic class of respondent. Respondents with higher self-reported knowledge about mental illness were less fearful and more sympathetic towards the mentally ill. Conclusions: The findings are encouraging to the development of community psychiatric services and support the usefulness of public education in the area of mental health.

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Gorniak, E., K. Furczyk, K. Krysta, and I. Krupka-Matuszczyk. "Law-breaking attitudes among mentally ill people." European Psychiatry 26, S2 (March 2011): 787. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(11)72492-0.

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IntroductionIt is a common view that mental illnesses are widely associated with dangerous, threat-posing behavior and law-breaking.AimsThe paper analyzes the problem of law-breaking by the mentally disordered.MethodsThe analysis of cases concerning compulsory psychiatric treatment or confinement in a medical institution on the grounds of mental incompetence to commit an offence or mental unfitness to stand the trial obtained from the court and the public prosecutor’s office in Silesia Region from 2007 to 2009.Results14 cases were analyzed. All the offenders were male, mean age was 44,6. All the offenders were diagnosed by psychiatrists, most of them with schizophrenia (n = 10 cases). Other diagnoses included paranoid personality disorder (n = 1), bipolar affective disorder with manic episode (n = 1), schizoaffective disorder (n = 1), delusional disorder (n = 1). 9 out of 14 offenders were diagnosed prior to the offence, some of whom were also hospitalized (n = 5). 8 of analyzed cases concerned use of violence, 3 concerned larceny, 2 concerned posing a threat to others’ life or health and 1 concerned fraud. 2 of the offenders were previously sentenced for other offences. 12 of the offenders were compulsory treated by psychiatrists, 10 out of whom is still hospitalized.ConclusionsThe small number of the cases analyzed (14 cases in the whole of 5000) suggests that mentally disordered persons do not break law often. There seems to be a higher risk associated with male gender, though. Also, the frequency of violent acts and offences committed despite previous treatment is disturbing.

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Moffic, H. Steven. "Changing attitudes toward the chronically mentally ill." Community Mental Health Journal 21, no. 1 (1985): 63–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00754709.

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Manning, Cressida, and Peter D. White. "Attitudes of employers to the mentally ill." Psychiatric Bulletin 19, no. 9 (September 1995): 541–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.19.9.541.

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Patients often ask psychiatrists for advice on how to answer questions about their health, when seeking employment. They fear not being employed if they declare that they have suffered from a mental illness. The attitudes of personnel directors of 200 randomly chosen public limited companies were measured. This confirmed significant reluctance, stigma and ignorance about employing and believing the mentally ill. Employers decided whether to employ someone by considering the fob description, the standard of previous work, whether the applicant was receiving treatment, previous time off sick, and the particular illness suffered. Those with depression were more likely to be employed than those with schizophrenia or alcoholism. The largest companies were significantly more likely to employ patients and were less likely to seek dismissal than the smallest. Employers would welcome more information about mental ill health. Potential employees should approach large firms and seek treatment.

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El-Saadi, Hoda. "Changing Attitudes Towards Women's Madness in Nineteenth-Century Egypt." Hawwa 3, no. 3 (2005): 293–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156920805774910015.

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AbstractMental illness in Egypt had undergone significant changes by the end of the nineteenth century. European norms and definitions of mental illness, deriving their origins from the new psychiatry, began to infiltrate the country as an outcome of European intervention. Such norms replaced local norms, leading to a change in the definition of mental illness and the way society viewed and dealt with the mentally ill. In pre-modernist societies, the prevailing outlook on the mentally ill was mainly characterized by tolerance and acceptance, and tended to equate the mentally ill with any other patient who could be cured. Such an outlook changed into a more stringent and isolating one that dealt with the mentally ill cautiously and fearfully and considered them a liability to society that, like any contagious patient, needed to be expelled. Mental asylums in the early and middle Islamic ages were a place for the treatment of the mentally ill, rather than institutions for locking up and isolating them from societies. These asylums were usually built in the heart of the cities to make it easier for relatives to visit their loved ones.

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Weiss, Marc Franchot. "Children's Attitudes toward Mental Illness as Assessed by the Opinions about Mental Illness Scale." Psychological Reports 57, no. 1 (August 1985): 251–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1985.57.1.251.

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Research on attitudes toward mental illness held by the public, by mental health professionals and personnel, and by psychiatric patients and their families is substantial. Little attention has been given to children's attitudes toward mental illness and the mentally ill, so this exploratory-descriptive study examined the developmental trends of children's attitudes toward the mentally ill. An adaptation of the Opinions About Mental Illness Scale was given to 512 elementary school age children who were placed in Grades 2, 4, 6, and 8. It was determined that with increasing grade/age children took a less authoritarian attitude toward the mentally ill and viewed mentally ill persons as more like themselves. Children rook an increasingly parernalistic view of the mentally ill, were less likely to see mental illness as an illness like any other, perceived mental patients as less of a threat to society and needing fewer restrictions. Finally, with increasing age/grade children perceived mental illness as less likely attributable to inadequate, deprived or interpersonal experiences. Results were discussed in terms of a relatively increased “positive attitude” and the relative acceptance and rejection of the mentally ill.

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Pejovic-Milovancevic, Milica, Dusica Lecic-Tosevski, Lazar Tenjovic, Saveta Draganic-Gajic, George Christodoulou, and Jelena Stepanovic. "Attitudes of psychiatry residents toward mental illness." Medical review 60, no. 7-8 (2007): 382–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/mpns0708382p.

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Introduction. Attitudes of lay people and physicians towards mentally ill patients are frequently highly biased. The aim of this study was to investigate differences in attitudes of psychiatry and internal medicine residents toward mental illness and to establish the relationship between their attitudes and their personal characteristics. Material and methods. The sample consisted of 45 psychiatry and 36 internal medicine residents. The attitudes toward mental illness were assessed using Opinions about Mental Illness Questionnaire (OMI) and personality traits were examined using the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ). Results. Our findings showed that in regard to internal medicine residents, psychiatry residents do not consider mentally ill patients to be inferior and dangerous. Psychiatry residents have a benevolent attitude toward the mentally ill. Personality traits of psychiatry residents were not related to their opinions about mental illness. Discussion. The results suggest that there is a need to develop strategies that would bring about changes in the curriculum of training programs for medical residents, including proper training in mental health issues. Such strategies should help in destigmatization of persons with mental disorders and increase the competence of physicians to deal with mentally ill. .

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Jerotić, Stefan, Sara Paravina, Anđelija Nikčević, Gordana Mandić-Gajić, Željko Špiric, and Nađa Marić. "Community attitudes towards the mentally ill in Serbia." Engrami 41, no. 2 (2019): 50–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/engrami1902050j.

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Psarra, Vassiliki, Margarita Sestrini, Zoe Santa, Dimitrios Petsas, Alexander Gerontas, Christos Garnetas, and Konstantinos Kontis. "Greek police officers' attitudes towards the mentally ill." International Journal of Law and Psychiatry 31, no. 1 (January 2008): 77–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijlp.2007.11.011.

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Park, Jisun. "Attitudes Toward the Dangerousness of the Mentally Ill." Korean Journal of Schizophrenia Research 18, no. 1 (2015): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.16946/kjsr.2015.18.1.16.

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Weiss, Marc Franchot. "Children's Attitudes toward the Mentally Ill: A Developmental Analysis." Psychological Reports 58, no. 1 (February 1986): 11–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1986.58.1.11.

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For 577 children, Grades K through 8, attitudes toward mental illness and mentally ill persons relative to other stigmatized groups were measured on a projective measure of social distance. Attitudes toward deviant groups were evidenced by kindergarten and did not change appreciably with increasing age/grade. Across the grades assessed, four distinct and consistent concept groupings emerged. From the most to least preferred they were (1) normal, (2) physically handicapped, (3) mentally ill, mentally retarded, and emotionally disturbed, and (4) convict and crazy. Attitudes of kindergarten children were strikingly similar to those of peers in Grade 8. Crazy people (synonymous with the professional-technical term mental illness) are apparently regarded with the same fear, distrust, digust, and aversion by children and adults alike.

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Injac-Stevović, Lidija, Tamara Radojičić, and Selman Repišti. "Medical students' levels of empathy and stigma toward the mentally ill." Psihijatrija danas 52, no. 1-2 (2020): 47–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/psihdan2001047i.

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The main aim of this paper was to investigate levels of empathy in medical students as well as their attitudes toward people with mental disorders. We recruited 144 students from the School of Medicine in Podgorica (Montenegro), out of which 37.7% were males and 62.3% were females. The mean age of the sample was 21.85 (SD = 2.65). We designed Scale of attitudes toward mentally ill people (SAMIP), and principal component analysis revealed that this instrument could be divided into two subscales - Positive attitudes toward the mentally ill (PAMI, a= .903) and Stigmatization of the mentally ill (SMI, a= .875). These subscales had high levels of reliability (i.e. internal consistency). The second measure was Empathy Questionnaire which is a unidimensional tool with a very high level of internal consistency (a= .924). The results revealed a high positive correlation between empathy levels and positive attitudes towards people with mental illness, a low correlation of empathy with the year of study, a low negative correlation between stigmatizing the mentally ill and participants' age, as well as low positive correlations of proneness to stigma with students' GPA and expectations of their profession. Recommendations for further research in this field were listed as well.

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Rössler, W., HJ Salize, and B. Voges. "Does community-based care have an effect on public attitudes toward the mentally ill?" European Psychiatry 10, no. 6 (1995): 282–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0924-9338(96)80309-9.

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SummaryIn this cross-sectional study we have investigated the attitudes and feelings toward the mentally ill among the residents of two Central European regions which are at considerably different stages of development in moving toward community-based care, to see if we could connect differing patterns of attitudes in the two regions to the varying levels of development of psychiatric care. By using the telephone survey method, representative samples of interviewees were presented with two complexes of questions, measuring the social distance of the interviewee to the mentally ill and his/her feelings toward the mentally ill. Social rejection and feelings of the people toward the mentally ill in both regions were similar in the direction they took, however not so much in the intensity. The population of the community care area showed a slightly stronger rejection. But factor analysis clearly suggests a more rational and sophisticated position toward the patients in this population. The people living in the custodially-oriented catchment area, on the other hand, showed a more vague pattern in their attitudes.

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Perera, Carlyle, and Beth Wilson. "The treatment and care of mentally ill offenders in Victoria, Australia." Psychiatry, Psychology and Law 3, no. 1 (April 1996): 47–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13218719609524874.

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Appleby, Louis, and Simon Wessely. "Public Attitudes to Mental Illness: The Influence of the Hungerford Massacre." Medicine, Science and the Law 28, no. 4 (October 1988): 291–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002580248802800405.

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ABSTRACT: In the first prospective study of public attitudes towards mental illness and violence, two representative population samples (n = 1963) were questioned before and after the murders at Hungerford. There was a significant increase in the number believing that those who commit horrific crimes are likely to be mentally ill. There was no change in the proportion believing the mentally ill are likely to be violent, nor in those agreeing that the mentally ill should be encouraged to live in the community. When the attitudes were tested after a further six months this significant increase was no longer found. As the true mental state of Michael Ryan is unknown, arguments are presented suggesting that speculation by the press and psychiatrists may have resulted in this change, but without influencing the public view of mental illness in general.

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Duckworth, Kenneth, Robert Goisman, Steven J. Kingsbury, Neal Kass, Coco Wellington, and Michael Etheridge. "Voting Behavior and Attitudes of Chronic Mentally Ill Outpatients." Psychiatric Services 45, no. 6 (June 1994): 608–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/ps.45.6.608.

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Lewis, Mary R., and Norma Claire Frey. "Changing attitudes toward parents of the chronically mentally ill." Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal 11, no. 4 (1988): 21–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/h0099564.

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Shera, Wes, and Jorge Delva-Tauiliili. "Changing MSW students' attitudes towards the severely mentally Ill." Community Mental Health Journal 32, no. 2 (April 1996): 159–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02249753.

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van ‘t Veer, Job T. B., Herro F. Kraan, Stans H. C. Drosseart, and Jacqueline M. Modde. "Determinants that shape public attitudes towards the mentally ill." Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology 41, no. 4 (January 19, 2006): 310–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00127-005-0015-1.

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Brockington, Ian F., Peter Hall, Jenny Levings, and Christopher Murphy. "The Community's Tolerance of the Mentally Ill." British Journal of Psychiatry 162, no. 1 (January 1993): 93–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.162.1.93.

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A survey of attitudes to mental illness was conducted in a quota sample of about 2000 subjects in Malvern and Bromsgrove. Factor analysis showed three main components – benevolence, authoritarianism, and fear of the mentally ill. Residents of Bromsgrove, which is served by a traditional mental hospital, were slightly more tolerant than those living in Malvern, which has a community-based service, and has seen the closure of two mental hospitals in its vicinity during the last 10 years. The main demographic determinants of tolerance are age, education, occupation, and acquaintance with the mentally ill.

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Lauber, Christoph, Marion Anthony, Vladeta Ajdacic-Gross, and Wulf Rössler. "What about psychiatrists' attitude to mentally ill people?" European Psychiatry 19, no. 7 (November 2004): 423–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2004.06.019.

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AbstractObjectiveFirstly, to assess and, secondly, to compare experts' and lay attitudes towards community psychiatry and the respective social distance towards mentally ill people.MethodComparison of two representative Swiss samples, one comprising of 90 psychiatrists, the other including 786 individuals of the general population.ResultsThe psychiatrists' attitude was significantly more positive than that of the general population although both samples have a positive attitude to community psychiatry. The statement that mental health facilities devalue a residential area has revealed most agreement. Psychiatrists and the public do not differ in their social distance to mentally ill people. Among both samples, the level of social distance increases the more the situation described implies ‘social closeness’.ConclusionThe strategy to use psychiatrists as role models or opinion leaders in anti-stigma campaigns cannot be realised without accompanying actions. Psychiatrists must be aware that their attitudes do not differ from the general public and, thus, they should improve their knowledge about stigma and discrimination towards people with mental illnesses.

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Weiss, Marc Franchot. "Children's Attitudes toward the Mentally Ill: An Eight-Year Longitudinal Follow-up." Psychological Reports 74, no. 1 (February 1994): 51–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1994.74.1.51.

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In 1986, Weiss reported the measurement of the attitudes of 577 children of elementary school age toward mental illness and mentally ill persons relative to other stigmatized groups on a projective measure of social distance. It was concluded that attitudes toward deviant groups were evidenced by Kindergarten and did not change appreciably with increasing age or grade. Eight years later, 35 of the previously examined 65 Kindergarten students were still enrolled in the district. Parental permission to repeat the evaluation was received for 34 of those students. The results of this longitudinal research were remarkably similar to the results in the original cross-sectional research, again leading to the conclusion that attitudes toward the mentally ill become quite stable and enduring by the time a child enters Kindergarten. Only one stigmatized group, mentally retarded persons, significantly changed in terms of social distance and interpersonal attraction toward being more acceptable.

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Gupta, Subhash Chand. "A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY TO ASSESS THE ATTITUDE OF NURSING STUDENTS TOWARDS MENTALLY ILL PATIENTS AND PSYCHIATRY IN SELECTED MENTAL HEALTH SETTING IN DELHI." Journal of Medical pharmaceutical and allied sciences 10, no. 4 (September 15, 2021): 3238–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jmpas.v10i4.1368.

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Current descriptive study is result of pilot study conducted among 60 nursing students in psychiatry & rehabilitative center of Delhi to assess their attitude towards mentally ill patients and psychiatry. Convenient sampling method is used to allocate the samples and data were collected with help of Google form. Findings of the study revealed that nursing students attitude towards mentally ill people and psychiatry is in higher side from minimum which indicates favorable attitudes towards psychiatry. There is no significant association between attitude towards mental ill patients and selected socio-demographic variable. There is no significant association between attitude towards Psychiatric and selected socio except pursuing course. There is negative correlation found between attitude towards mentally ill patients and psychiatry.

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Kloni, P., D. Angelopoulou, E. Vardari, A. Zotos, A. Psychogiou, and M. Theodoratou. "600 Greek people's attitudes towards family hosts for mentally ill persons." European Psychiatry 33, S1 (March 2016): S193. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.438.

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IntroductionFamily hosts for people with mental diseases is a quite new institution in Greece [1,2].ObjectivesThe study investigated Greek people's attitudes toward mentally ill people and their institutionalisationAimsThe survey investigated Greek society's attitudes and bias concerning Family Host Programs for the mentally ill.MethodsQuestionnaires were administered to a sample of six hundred (600) people in the cities of Patras, Pyrgos and Mesologgi, Southern Greece from May the 27th to June the 12thResultsOf the respondents, 47.3% were men while 52.7% were women. Most citizens were not familiar with the term “Host Family” and were not aware of this new institution (62.7%). However, many knew a person that suffered from mental illness environment (35.7%), but they thought that mentally ill people would be rather a “burden” to foster families (32.2%).ConclusionsAlthough many people knew well a person with mental illness, they were not aware of psychiatric reforms and community based programs. In conclusion, psycho-educational programs contributing to repel bias towards psychiatric patients should be implemented.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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Wolff, Geoffrey, Soumitra Pathare, Jom Craig, and Julian Leff. "Community Knowledge of Mental Illness and Reaction to Mentally Ill People." British Journal of Psychiatry 168, no. 2 (February 1996): 191–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.168.2.191.

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BackgroundWe test the hypothesis that negative attitudes to mentally ill people may be fuelled by a lack of knowledge.MethodA census of knowledge of mental illness was conducted in two areas prior to the opening of long-stay supported houses for the mentally ill in each area. Three attitudinal factors (Fear and Exclusion, Social Control and Goodwill) which had been extracted by factor analysis of the Community Attitudes toward the Mentally III (CAMI) inventory (see previous paper) were analysed in respect of their associations with knowledge of mental illness.ResultsMost respondents (80%) knew of somebody who had a mental illness but a substantial proportion of respondents had little knowledge about mental illness. Social Control showed an association with knowledge of mental illness. Groups who showed more socially controlling attitudes (especially those over 50 years old, those of lower social class, and those of non-Caucasian ethnic origin) had less knowledge about mental illness. Regression analysis revealed that when knowledge was taken into account age had no effect on Social Control, and the effect of social class and ethnic origin was diminished Respondents with children, who showed more Fear and Exclusion, were not less knowledgeable about mental illness.ConclusionsThe results support the hypothesis that negative attitudes, especially in older people, are fuelled by a lack of knowledge. Negative attitudes among people with children are not related to a lack of knowledge.

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Rayner, Clare. "A postal survey of doctor's attitudes to becoming mentally ill." Clinical Medicine 10, no. 1 (February 2010): 96.1–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.7861/clinmedicine.10-1-96.

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Hassan, Tariq M., Syed O. Ahmed, Alfred C. White, and Niall Galbraith. "A postal survey of doctors' attitudes to becoming mentally ill." Clinical Medicine 9, no. 4 (August 2009): 327–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.7861/clinmedicine.9-4-327.

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Cotton, Dorothy. "The attitudes of Canadian police officers toward the mentally ill." International Journal of Law and Psychiatry 27, no. 2 (March 2004): 135–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijlp.2004.01.004.

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Ukpong, Dominic Ignatius, and Festus Abasiubong. "Stigmatising attitudes towards the mentally ill: A survey in a Nigerian university teaching hospital." South African Journal of Psychiatry 16, no. 2 (April 1, 2010): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajpsychiatry.v16i2.238.

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Background. The burden of mental illness is particularly severe for people living in low-income countries. Negative attitudes towards the mentally ill, stigma experiences and discrimination constitute part of this disease burden.Objective. The aim of this study was to investigate knowledge of possible causes of mental illness and attitudes towards the mentally ill in a Nigerian university teaching hospital population.Method. A cross-sectional descriptive study of a convenience sample of 208 participants from the University of Uyo Teaching Hospital, Uyo, Nigeria, using the Community Attitudes towards the Mentally Ill (CAMI) scale. Information was also obtained on beliefs about possible causes of mental illness. Results. The respondents held strongly negative views about the mentally ill, mostly being authoritarian and restrictive in their attitudes and placing emphasis on custodial care. Even though the respondents appeared to be knowledgeable about the possible role of psychosocial and genetic factors in the causation of mental illness, 52.0% of them believed that witches could be responsible, 44.2% thought mental illness could be due to possession by demons, and close to one-third (30%) felt that it could be a consequence of divine punishment.Conclusions. Stigma and discrimination against the mentally ill are widespread even in a population that is expected to be enlightened. The widespread belief in supernatural causation is likely to add to the difficulties of designing an effective anti-stigma psycho-educational programme. There is a need in Nigeria to develop strategies to change stigma attached to mental illness at both institutional and community levels.

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Popescu, Codruta Alina, Anca Dana Buzoianu, Soimita Mihaela Suciu, and Sebastian Mihai Armean. "Attitudes toward mentally ill patients: a comparison between Romanian and International Medical Students." Medicine and Pharmacy Reports 90, no. 4 (October 30, 2017): 401–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.15386/cjmed-776.

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Background. Stigmatizing attitudes to mental illness, and especially schizophrenia, are not limited to the general population but are also common among health professionals. Health professionals are in a position to model health related attitudes both in the general public and patients. Medical students are an interesting group to focus upon, since they are future health professionals and correcting stigmatizing attitudes is still possible during their educational curriculum.Methods. This study investigated the attitude toward mental illness in medical students at the Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy. We surveyed first year students, since they have not yet received specific classes or internships in psychiatry; 322 students from the Romanian and English sections participated, representing a response rate of 94.7%. The questionnaire consisted of the Romanian and English versions of Link's Social Distance Scale towards people with mental illness scale.Results. Overall, medical students had a relatively negative attitude towards people with mental illness, with moderate social distance and stereotypical attitudes. The level of personal contact with people with mental illness was correlated with positive attitudes. International students had scored lower then Romanian students on social distance toward mentally ill patients.Conclusions. Medical education can play an important role in the attitudes of students toward mental illness. Medical students have stigmatizing attitudes about mentally ill patients. Personal contact with people suffering from mental illness might contribute to a positive attitude from the medical students toward mentally ill patients.

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Rousseau, Annie, and Anton F. de Man. "Authoritarian and Socially Restrictive Attitudes toward Mental Patients in Mental Health Volunteers and Nonvolunteers." Psychological Reports 83, no. 3 (December 1998): 803–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1998.83.3.803.

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31 French-Canadian mental health volunteers and 43 nonvolunteers participated in a study of the relationship between Authoritarian and Socially Restrictive attitudes toward mental patients and the variables of volunteer status, age, sex, education, having a mentally ill family member, Locus of Control, Extraversion, Psychoticism, Neuroticism, and Social Desirability. Bivariate and partial (Social Desirability effects removed) correlations suggested that scores on Authoritarian and Socially Restrictive attitudes are higher among older, less educated, less extraverted men and women who are not volunteers. Although volunteers compared to nonvolunteers had lower scores on Authoritarian and Socially Restrictive attitudes, they did not differ in terms of age, having a mentally ill family member or scores on Locus of Control, Extraversion, Psychoticism, Neuroticism, and Social Desirability; however, volunteers were better educated.

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Menon, Geetha P., Murali T, and Kiran Rao. "Public Attitude towards Mental Illness in Bangalore: An Exploratory Study." Artha - Journal of Social Sciences 11, no. 1 (January 13, 2012): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.12724/ajss.20.1.

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The aim of the present study was to examine the attitudes towards people with mental illness in the city of Bangalore. The sample consisted of 400 people living in different parts of the city. They were assessed on socio-demographic data sheet, Orientation to Mental Illness Scale, Exposure, Knowledge and Social Distance Scale and Attitudes towards Mental Illness Scale. The Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square test, Student t-test, ANOVA, ANCOVA, Pearson’s correlation and Step-wise Multiple Regression Analysis. The study reveals that the common man had neutral orientation to mental illness and is moderate in their attitudes to mental illness. However, many were not informed regarding legal provisions available for the mentally ill and rehabilitation services existing in the community. Although the public was fairly low on social distance, this did not apply to intimate relationships such as sharing a room or marriage. Socio-demographic factors, especially like that of education, had an impact on the attitudes of many to mental illness, with the higher educated being better aware and more positive towards the mentally ill. The study brings out the need for programmes to raise the awareness among the ordinary citizen on various aspects of mental illness including existing legal provisions for the mentally ill in the community and rehabilitation services. Keywords: Public attitude, rehabilitation, mental illness

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Cates, Marshall E., and Thomas W. Woolley. "Effects of a psychiatric clinical rotation on pharmacy students' attitudes toward mental illness and the provision of pharmaceutical care to the mentally ill." Mental Health Clinician 7, no. 5 (September 1, 2017): 194–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.9740/mhc.2017.09.194.

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Abstract Introduction: Previous studies have found ineffectiveness of psychiatric clinical rotations to change pharmacy students' attitudes toward mental illness, but those studies had various limitations that cast doubt on this conclusion. Methods: Pharmacy students who participated in a psychiatric clinical rotation over a 2-year time frame were invited to complete a survey at the beginning and end of their rotation. The survey included scales that measured attitudes toward dangerousness, social distance, stigmatization, suicide prevention, and provision of pharmaceutical care. Results: Forty-one (100%) students participated in the study. Statistically significant positive changes in total scale scores from pre-rotation to post-rotation were seen in the areas of stigmatization toward patients with schizophrenia (P = .02), attitudes toward suicide prevention (P = .05), and provision of pharmaceutical care services to patients with schizophrenia (P < .00001) and depression (P = .0006). There were no statistically significant changes on the total scores of the other scales, but there was a moderate improvement in stigmatization toward patients with depression. Discussion: Pharmacy students' participation in a psychiatric clinical rotation failed to have a major impact on their social distance from mentally ill patients. Findings were mixed in regards to stigmatization of mentally ill patients. However, pharmacy students' attitudes toward suicide prevention and providing pharmaceutical care services to mentally ill patients were significantly improved by participation in a psychiatric clinical rotation. Preceptors in the clinical setting should consider including educational techniques that address pharmacy students' attitudes toward mental illness, as improvement in such attitudes may further enhance their willingness to provide pharmaceutical care services.

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Fertalova, T., I. Ondriova, and L. Hadasova. "Stigmatization by Nurses towards Mentally Ill People." Clinical Social Work and Health Intervention 13, no. 1 (March 27, 2022): 77–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.22359/cswhi_13_1_09.

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Background:People with mental illness face two major problems at the same time. The first is the disease itself which they must learn to live with and to manage all its symptoms. The second, often more serious problem, is the presence of stereotypes and prejudices which are the result of insufficient knowledge about mental illnesses and their misunderstanding. The aim was to explore the current state of stigmatization by nurses towards mentally ill people. Methods: In this quantitative exploratory research we used an existing questionnaire (the Opening Minds Scale for Health Care Providers) with randomly selected nurses who treat mentally ill patients. Results:A significant difference in the degree of stigmatization with respect to the age of the nurses was not found. However,in terms of the overall assessment, specifically in the domain of attitudes, the rate of stigmatization was higher among younger respondents. Nurses with shorter professional experience proved a lower degree of stigmatization than nurses with longer professional experience. Conclusion: It is expected that the rate of mental illnesses will increase. Therefore, we recommend continuing to pay increased attention to destigmatization within the education of and developing more destigmatizing initiatives among nurses.

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Nuehring, Elane, and Linda Raybin. "Mentally ill offenders in community based programs: Attitudes of service providers." Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 11, no. 1 (1986): 19–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10509674.1986.9963844.

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Ziropadja, Ljubomir, and Andrija Dulovic. "Attitudes towards mentally ill in Montenegro: The Montenegrin version of CAMI." Engrami 36, no. 3-4 (2014): 27–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/engrami1404027z.

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Litzcke, Sven Max. "Attitudes and Emotions of German Police Officers towards the Mentally Ill." International Journal of Police Science & Management 8, no. 2 (June 2006): 119–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1350/ijps.2006.8.2.119.

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BURNS, TOM. "Community supervision orders for the mentally ill: Mental health professionals' attitudes." Journal of Mental Health 4, no. 3 (January 1995): 301–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09638239550037596.

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Furczyk, K., E. Gorniak, and K. Krysta. "P.1.g.018 Law -breaking attitudes among the mentally ill." European Neuropsychopharmacology 21 (September 2011): S339. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-977x(11)70539-9.

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Becker, Fred W. "Contracting for the involuntary treatment of the mentally ill: Legislative attitudes." Administration and Policy in Mental Health 19, no. 5 (May 1992): 321–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00707138.

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Socall, Daniel W., and Thomas Holtgraves. "Attitudes Toward the Mentally Ill: The Effects of Label and Beliefs." Sociological Quarterly 33, no. 3 (September 1, 1992): 435–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1533-8525.1992.tb00383.x.

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Mihajlovic, D., J. Jovic, and M. Stojanovic-Tasic. "P.156 Attitudes of students of dentistry towards mentally ill patients." European Neuropsychopharmacology 40 (November 2020): S92—S93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.euroneuro.2020.09.123.

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Grover, Sandeep, Neha Sharma, and Aseem Mehra. "Stigma for Mental Disorders among Nursing Staff in a Tertiary Care Hospital." Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice 11, no. 02 (March 17, 2020): 237–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1702916.

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Abstract Objective This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of stigma for mental disorders among nursing staff in a tertiary care hospital, and the secondary objective of the study was to assess the correlation of stigma with the socio-demographic profile and previous experience with mentally ill patients. Methods This cross-sectional study was performed among the 210 nurses working in a tertiary care multispecialty teaching public sector hospital in north India. They were evaluated on community attitudes toward the mentally ill (CAMI) scale. Results About two-thirds of the participants (67.1%) were females and had done graduation (64.2%) in nursing. Nearly 50% of the study participants had an experience of working with mentally ill patients. Female had a more significant positive attitude on the domain of social restrictiveness. Authoritarianism had a significant positive correlation with benevolence and social restrictiveness domains. The benevolence domain had a significant correlation with all other domains. Social restrictiveness domain also had a significant correlation with other domains. Conclusion Nurses have a positive attitude toward mentally ill patients.

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Bhugra, D., N. Sartorius, A. Fiorillo, S. Evans-Lacko, A. Ventriglio, M. H. M. Hermans, P. Vallon, et al. "EPA guidance on how to improve the image of psychiatry and of the psychiatrist." European Psychiatry 30, no. 3 (March 2015): 423–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2015.02.003.

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AbstractStigma against mental illness and the mentally ill is well known. However, stigma against psychiatrists and mental health professionals is known but not discussed widely. Public attitudes and also those of other professionals affect recruitment into psychiatry and mental health services. The reasons for this discriminatory attitude are many and often not dissimilar to those held against mentally ill individuals. In this Guidance paper we present some of the factors affecting the image of psychiatry and psychiatrists which is perceived by the public at large. We look at the portrayal of psychiatry, psychiatrists in the media and literature which may affect attitudes. We also explore potential causes and explanations and propose some strategies in dealing with negative attitudes. Reduction in negative attitudes will improve recruitment and retention in psychiatry. We recommend that national psychiatric societies and other stakeholders, including patients, their families and carers, have a major and significant role to play in dealing with stigma, discrimination and prejudice against psychiatry and psychiatrists.

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