Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Mental imagery'
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Hume, Ian R. "ESP and mental imagery." Thesis, Coventry University, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.396468.
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Bruzadin, Nunes Ugo. "Mental Imagery and Tracking." OpenSIUC, 2018. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/2471.
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This study aimed to better understand visuomotor tracking and spatial visual imagery. 101 Participants performed four tasks: A Manual Tracking Task (MTT), in which participants mouse-tracked the path of a circle, sometimes with occlusion. A Multi-Object Tracking task (MOT), in which participants tracked several objects simultaneously. The Sussex Cognitive Styles Questionnaire (SCSQ), in which participants self-reported their experience with imagery. A Mental Rotation Task (MRT) in which participants mentally rotate Tetris-like objects. The results demonstrated a significant correlation between the technical/spatial subscale of the SCSQ and the occluded MTT, the MRT, the MOT but not the visible MTT. A multiple regression showed that occluded MTT and the MRT together significantly predicted the spatial/technical subscale of the SCSQ above visible MTT and MOT. These findings support the claim that the cognitive resources behind mental imagery may also be recruited during other tasks that arguably draw on the need for internal visualization.
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Spiller, Mary Jane. "Mental imagery in synaesthesia." Thesis, University of East London, 2009. http://roar.uel.ac.uk/3092/.
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The current thesis addressed the question of whether an internally generated mental image can elicit a concurrent in grapheme colour synaesthesia; although there is experimental and anecdotal evidence that this is the case, to date this had not been systematically explored. As there are purportedly distinct object-based and spatial-based imagery processes it was necessary to explore the role different imagery processes may play. In Experiment 1 synaesthetes and matched control groups completed a grapheme-based object-imagery task against congruently and incongruently coloured backgrounds. Four synaesthetes, but none of the control groups, showed an effect of colour on task performance. In Experiment 2 and 3 synaesthetes (and matched controls for Experiment 2) completed a grapheme-based spatial-imagery task, with either the stimuli or background colour manipulated as before. In each experiment colour was found to interact with grapheme presentation format for two different synaesthetes. Experiments 1-3 therefore provided support for the idea that an internally generated mental image can elicit a concurrent. Importantly, the results suggested a difference in the way the concurrent generated from object or spatial imagery processes influenced task performance. Consequently Experiments 4 and 5 used a battery of comparable imagery tasks that had either an object or spatial rate-limiting imagery process. Manipulation of the task background colour again showed the variety of effects the concurrent generated with these different imagery processes can have on task performance. Overall the results of these experiments suggest that a concurrent can be elicited from both object and spatial imagery processes; important individual differences were found, and individual performance varied between tasks, suggesting the possible role of strategy effects. Models of synaesthesia need to be able to explain these differences and further studies are needed to address this issue of task approach.
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馬婉婷 and Yuen-ting Olivia Ma. "Mental imagery & false memory." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2008. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B41715391.
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Campos, García Alfredo, and Clara Isabel Fernández. "Mental imagery in link system." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2013. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/100007.
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Four experiments were carried out to explore the intluence of imaging capacity and image type (normal or bizarre) on immediate and delayed recall of word lists. Experiments 1 and 2 studied immediate serial recall of 16- and 28-item word lists, and experiments 3 and 4 studied serial recall of 16- and 28- item word lists one week after their presentation. Imaging capacity, as measured by the Space Scale of the Primary Mental Abilities Test, affected immediate recall of long lists. Image type affected immediate recall of short lists. In four experiments there was a significant difference between the performance of subjects who used mental imagery for recall and those who did not.El artículo estudia a través de cuatro experimentos la influencia de la capacidad de los sujetos para formar imágenes y del tipo de imagen que utilizan, en el recuerdo serial inmediato y retardo de palabras. En los experimentos 1 y 2 se analiza la influencia de estas variables en el recuerdo serial inmediato de listas cortas (16 ítems) y largas (28 ítems), y en los experimentos 3 y 4 se investiga la influencia de las mismas variables en el recuerdo serial retardado (una semana). La capacidad de los sujetos de formar imágenes, medida a través de la Escala Espacial del Test de Aptitudes Mentales Primarías, influyó en el recuerdo serial inmediato de listas largas. El tipo ele imagen (normal y rara) influyó en el recuerdo inmediato serial de listas cortas. En todos los experimentos se encontró diferencia entre los sujetos que utilizaron imágenes mentales y los que no las utilizaron.
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Ma, Yuen-ting Olivia. "Mental imagery & false memory." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2008. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B41715391.
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Seepanomwan, Kristsana. "Mental imagery in humanoid robots." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/4581.
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Mental imagery presents humans with the opportunity to predict prospective happenings based on own intended actions, to reminisce occurrences from the past and reproduce the perceptual experience. This cognitive capability is mandatory for human survival in this folding and changing world. By means of internal representation, mental imagery offers other cognitive functions (e.g., decision making, planning) the possibility to assess information on objects or events that are not being perceived. Furthermore, there is evidence to suggest that humans are able to employ this ability in the early stages of infancy. Although materialisation of humanoid robot employment in the future appears to be promising, comprehensive research on mental imagery in these robots is lacking. Working within a human environment required more than a set of pre-programmed actions. This thesis aims to investigate the use of mental imagery in humanoid robots, which could be used to serve the demands of their cognitive skills as in humans. Based on empirical data and neuro-imaging studies on mental imagery, the thesis proposes a novel neurorobotic framework which proposes to facilitate humanoid robots to exploit mental imagery. Through conduction of a series of experiments on mental rotation and tool use, the results from this study confirm this potential. Chapters 5 and 6 detail experiments on mental rotation that investigate a bio-constrained neural network framework accounting for mental rotation processes. They are based on neural mechanisms involving not only visual imagery, but also affordance encoding, motor simulation, and the anticipation of the visual consequences of actions. The proposed model is in agreement with the theoretical and empirical research on mental rotation. The models were validated with both a simulated and physical humanoid robot (iCub), engaged in solving a typical mental rotation task. The results show that the model is able to solve a typical mental rotation task and in agreement with data from psychology experiments, they also show response times linearly dependent on the angular disparity between the objects. Furthermore, the experiments in chapter 6 propose a novel neurorobotic model that has a macro-architecture constrained by knowledge on brain, which encompasses a rather general mental rotation mechanism and incorporates a biologically plausible decision making mechanism. The new model is tested within the humanoid robot iCub in tasks requiring to mentally rotate 2D geometrical images appearing on a computer screen. The results show that the robot has an enhanced capacity to generalize mental rotation of new objects and shows the possible effects of overt movements of the wrist on mental rotation. These results indicate that the model represents a further step in the identification of the embodied neural mechanisms that might underlie mental rotation in humans and might also give hints to enhance robots' planning capabilities. In Chapter 7, the primary purpose for conducting the experiment on tool use development through computational modelling refers to the demonstration that developmental characteristics of tool use identified in human infants can be attributed to intrinsic motivations. Through the processes of sensorimotor learning and rewarding mechanisms, intrinsic motivations play a key role as a driving force that drives infants to exhibit exploratory behaviours, i.e., play. Sensorimotor learning permits an emergence of other cognitive functions, i.e., affordances, mental imagery and problem-solving. Two hypotheses on tool use development are also conducted thoroughly. Secondly, the experiment tests two candidate mechanisms that might underlie an ability to use a tool in infants: overt movements and mental imagery. By means of reinforcement learning and sensorimotor learning, knowledge of how to use a tool might emerge through random movements or trial-and-error which might reveal a solution (sequence of actions) of solving a given tool use task accidentally. On the other hand, mental imagery was used to replace the outcome of overt movements in the processes of self-determined rewards. Instead of determining a reward from physical interactions, mental imagery allows the robots to evaluate a consequence of actions, in mind, before performing movements to solve a given tool use task. Therefore, collectively, the case of mental imagery in humanoid robots was systematically addressed by means of a number of neurorobotic models and, furthermore, two categories of spatial problem solving tasks: mental rotation and tool use. Mental rotation evidently involves the employment of mental imagery and this thesis confirms the potential for its exploitation by humanoid robots. Additionally, the studies on tool use demonstrate that the key components assumed and included in the experiments on mental rotation, namely affordances and mental imagery, can be acquired by robots through the processes of sensorimotor learning.
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Elkin, Jennifer. "Auditory imagery : a mental chronometric analysis." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.439112.
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McLeay, Heather. "Imagery and the mental manipulation of knots." Thesis, Bangor University, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.311388.
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Holmes, E. A. "Mental imagery and emotion : a special relationship?" Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.604188.
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The central hypothesis examined in this thesis was that there is a special relationship between mental imagery and emotion, whereby using mental imagery has a more powerful effect on emotions such as anxiety than verbal processing of the same material. This assumption has long been held in the experimental and clinical literatures. However, empirical evidence has been lacking. The above hypothesis was tested using an interpretation training paradigm, in which participants were exposed to many event descriptions that always ended either negatively or positively, dependent on training condition. In Experiment 1, during training participants either generated mental images in response to descriptions of negative events, or thought about the verbal meaning of those events. Those in the imagery condition reported more anxiety, and rated new descriptions as more emotional, than did those in the verbal condition. Experiment 2 included groups exposed to benign or negative event descriptions. Anxiety again increased more after negative (though not benign) imagery, compared with verbal processing; however, in this experiment the emotionality ratings did not differ after a 10-minute filler task. Results did not appear to be due to demand. In Experiment 3, new positive training material was created to test whether the effects of imagery could be extended to positive mood. Convergent evidence for the hypothesis was then sought using an alternative method. Experiment 4, 5 and 6 used a modified evaluative conditioning paradigm. Neutral pictures and words were paired such that their combination generated emotional outcomes. The process of pairing was associated with greater emotion if performed using mental imagery versus sentence construction. Overall, results support the hypothesis of a special link between imagery and anxiety, and also positive affect, but leave open the question of whether this also applies to other emotions. Theoretical and clinical implications are discussed.
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Ji, Julie. "Emotional mental imagery : investigating dysphoria-linked bias." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2017. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/267883.
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Mental representations can be consciously experienced in mental imagery format, and verbal-linguistic format. Mental imagery representations of emotional information can evoke more powerful emotional responses than verbal-linguistic representations of the same information. Biases in mental imagery-based cognition are postulated to play a role in the maintenance of emotional disturbance in depression. Despite growing research, two questions remain: 1) is dysphoria (mild to moderate depression symptoms) associated with mood-congruent bias in the frequency of mental imagery generation; and 2) are such biases related to state emotional experience and emotional response to emotional information in dysphoria? To examine question one, participants varying in levels of dysphoria reported the occurrence of mental imagery in real time under task contexts that were emotional (negative and positive verbal cues) and unemotional (neutral verbal cues). Mental imagery generation was assessed under two task conditions: a) when participants were instructed to generate mental imagery in response to verbal cues (Study 1 & 2); and b) when participants were not instructed to generate mental imagery (or verbal-linguistic representations) during exposure to similar verbal cues (Study 2, 3, & 4). Results from all studies, across both instruction types, showed that dysphoria was associated with a loss of positive bias in mental representation generation, driven by reduced positive representation generation (Study 1, 2 & 4), but also by elevated negative representation generation (Study 1, 2 & 3). Interestingly, evidence of a loss of positive bias was most consistently observed when given neutral verbal cues, but also when given positive verbal cues. However, such dysphoria-linked effects were not disproportionately evident for mental imagery relative to verbal-linguistic representations, when both were allowed to naturally occur in Study 2, 3, & 4. Unexpectedly, dysphoria was associated with reduced tendency to generate negative imagery relative to negative verbal-linguistic representations in Study 2, though this finding was not replicated in Study 3 or Study 4. To examine question two, participants provided state mood ratings in addition to reporting mental representation occurrence during exposure to auditory emotional information (Study 3: verbal cues; Study 4: news stories). Dysphoria and mental representation generation was found to be unrelated to emotional response on negative trials (Study 3 & 4). However, greater occurrence of mental imagery, but not verbal-linguistic representation generation was related to greater positive emotional response on positive trials for individuals with dysphoria (Study 3), and all participants (Study 4). Study 5 analysed existing clinical trial data and found that the vividness of positive future event imagery is related to optimism in depression, such that those able to envision a brighter future are relatively more optimistic, and regain optimism more quickly, than those less able to do so, even when currently depressed. In summary, dysphoria was associated with loss of positive bias in mental representation generation, though such effects were not unique to imagery. Importantly, greater occurrence of mental imagery-based, but not purely verbal-linguistic, representations were associated with greater positive emotional response to positive information, and may hold value as a target for future translational research.
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Le, Boutillier Nicholas. "The role of mental imagery in creativity." Thesis, Middlesex University, 1999. http://eprints.mdx.ac.uk/13414/.
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Mental imagery has been linked to creativity through the reports of many historically creative individuals. Following a review and evaluation of the theoretical, anecdotal and empirical literature, the material presented in the thesis investigates the role of individual differences in mental imagery in performance on psychometric creativity tasks. A meta-analytic review of previous research showed a small marginally acceptable criterion association between self-reported mental imagery vividness and control and divergent thinking performance. However, additional non-statistical examination showed that further investigation was required. This led to five studies of the variables under consideration and a revised meta-analytic review in the light of the findings. The main conclusion was that self-report measures of mental imagery have a statistically significant but inconsequential association with divergent thinking performance. Consequently a new series of studies was undertaken in which the creative visualization task (CVT) was employed using an individual differences approach. Having established the parametric properties of a test-format version of the CVT two behavioural measures of mental imagery were used to predict performance. As neither measure predicted CVT performance high and low vividness and Symbolic Equivalence Test groups were used to assess a dissociative model of CVT performance. A significant interaction effect showed that vividness plays a mediating role in predicting CVT performance. In two final studies the individual differences approach was employed in the context of a hypothesised perceptual mediation. The results showed firstly that High Imagers performed significantly better than Low Imagers in creativity tasks following perceptual isolation and secondly that Low Imagers performed significantly better on perceptually sourced creativity tasks than on verbally sourced creativity tasks. The combined findings suggest that, while established protocols do not support a strong imagery-creativity association, new methods of investigation may reveal the predicted differences in creativity between high and low imagery participants.
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Bullock, Gemma M. "The role of mental imagery in paranoia." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2014. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/370365/.
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The literature review discusses the relationship between paranoia and social anxiety in clinical and non-clinical populations. Much of the literature points to a correlation between social anxiety and paranoia , with many cognitive and affective processes implicated in both presentations. Research has identified anxiety, depression, core beliefs and assumptions, mental imagery, and social behaviour to be similarly associated with social anxiety and paranoia. This supports a cognitive model of persecutory delusions in which many of the cognitive and behavioural processes implicated in the maintenance of anxiety disorders are also likely to be relevant to the maintenance of paranoia. Research to date however, is limited by a reliance on cross-sectional design and methodological differences across studies which make it difficult to extrapolate findings. Overall the findings support a view that paranoia and social anxiety are distinct and related presentations, characterised by similar psychological processes. The empirical study aimed to explore the role of negative and positive imagery in individuals with high levels of non- clinical paranoia. A mixed design with one between-subjects variable (type of self-imagery) and one within-subjects variable (time pre and post the imagery manipulation design) was used. Thirty students with high levels of non-clinical paranoia participated in the study. Participants were allocated alternately to a positive or negative self-image condition. Image scripts were used to elicit the positive and negative imagery. All participants completed measures of paranoia, anxiety, self-esteem, mood and self-compassion. Results demonstrated that paranoia-related negative imagery increased paranoia, negative mood, and decreased self-esteem, self-compassion and positive affect. Conversely, positive imagery led to reductions in paranoia, negative mood, anxiety and increases in positive affect, self-esteem and self-compassion. Clinical and theoretical implications in relation to the findings are discussed.
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Penk, Mildred Lotus. "Mental Imagery: The Road to Construct Validity." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1988. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc331872/.
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Internal consistency reliability and validity were established for a new 31 item Imagery Manipulation Scale. Previous attempts to correlate subjectively rated control of visual imagery with tests of spatial ability have been unsuccessful. However, no attempt to construct a subjectively rated control of imagery scale was located which tried to establish internal consistency reliability and both content and construct validity. Further, no research was located in which subjects were requested to rate their imagery ability utilized during the performance of the actual spatial tasks used to try to establish validity. A new scale of subjectively rated control of imagery was devised in which subjects were requested to rate their imagery while solving spatial tasks which involved visualizing the manipulation of geometric forms. Content validity was established by analyzing the transformation involved while solving the spatial problems. Internal consistency reliability for the 31 item scale was established across two samples. Validity was established with the second sample (100 university students: 26 male and 74 female). The task utilized to provide validity could be objectively scored, and was made up of four spatial subtests, which were adapted from the Vandenberg and Kuse Mental Rotations Test, the Kosslyn Directions Test, performed in both the forward and backward direction, and a block task utilized by Snyder. A convergent and discriminant validity analysis established construct validity. Further, the hypotheses of three investigators, Kosslyn, Shepard and his colleagues, and Snyder, were supported by the results of the present investigation, thus substantiating the conclusion that reported control of imagery processing can be operationalized with performance scores on spatial ability tasks.
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Davidson-Kelly, Kirsteen Mary. "Mental imagery rehearsal strategies for expert pianists." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/14215.
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For pianists working within the western art music tradition, the ability to perform a large and complex repertoire from memory is almost a prerequisite for a successful career. Memorising and maintaining this repertoire requires considerable practice and can lead to physical overuse syndromes. Additionally, automated motor memory developed via physical practice is not always sufficient for secure recall, often leading to performance anxiety. It is important therefore for professionals to identify optimal practice strategies, and mental rehearsal has been widely advocated as a potential means of enhancing memorisation and performance fluency while at the same time avoiding physical overuse. The results of three studies that examined mental imagery rehearsal by expert pianists, adopting a mixed methods approach, are presented in this thesis. The first was a participant observation study of a course at which eleven advanced pianists learned to use a memorisation technique incorporating deliberate imagery; the study aimed to describe the teaching and learning of specific imagery techniques and to examine the potential advantages and drawbacks of this approach. The second study was an online questionnaire survey of thirty six piano students at UK conservatoires designed to investigate the teaching and implementation of mental rehearsal techniques at advanced training levels; the survey found that despite a widespread awareness of imagery rehearsal as a potentially effective strategy, training in specific techniques was not consistently available, and recommended mental practice strategies were adopted much less consistently than strategies involving physical practice. Finally, an fMRI study of fourteen expert pianists aimed to determine the neural correlates of imagery rehearsal and simulated piano playing. Differences observed in brain activation between tasks suggested increased involvement of working memory processes during mental imagery. The thesis concludes that mental imagery rehearsal techniques are acquired skills that can be taught and improved over time and which have specific advantages over motor learning, but that more pedagogical training is needed in order for these techniques to become fully effective and widely adopted.
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Whiting, Seth William. "Effects of Mental Imagery on Gambling Behavior." OpenSIUC, 2011. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/715.
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The influence of a mental imagery task was examined to determine if imagining completing the gambling act could satiate the participant on gambling-related reinforcers and subsequently reduce gambling behavior. Thirty participants underwent a mental imagery task consisting of either imagining gambling on a slot machine or placing quarters in to a laundry machine. The results showed a statistically significant reduction in trials played on the slot machine for those who completed the gambling imagery task when compared to those in the laundry imagery group. Clinical implications and future directions are discussed.
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Vellera, Cyrielle. "Rôle de l'imagerie mentale dans l'identification d'individus créatifs et dans l'amélioration de la créativité des utilisateurs." Thesis, Grenoble, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013GRENG013.
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Bien que le phénomène de co-Création prenne de l'ampleur dans les pratiques actuelles des entreprises, ces dernières se déclarent souvent déçues par la faible créativité effective des utilisateurs « ordinaires » à générer des idées de nouveaux produits. Ce travail doctoral cherche à répondre au questionnement général suivant : peut-On améliorer l'efficacité des démarches de co-Création avec des utilisateurs ? Si l'identification des utilisateurs créatifs est un enjeu crucial pour les entreprises, il est également essentiel pour ces dernières de faire en sorte de stimuler les capacités créatives des utilisateurs enrôlés dans les processus d'innovation. Cette thèse s'intéresse donc au phénomène d'imagerie mentale qui a souvent été souligné en psychologie pour son implication dans les processus créatifs. Trois études quantitatives explorent la relation entre la capacité individuelle d'imagerie mentale et la capacité créative de sujets. Les résultats obtenus identifient la capacité d'imagerie mentale comme une variable révélatrice de la capacité créative des individus et constituant ainsi un élément possible d'identification des individus créatifs. Une quatrième étude montre qu'il est possible d'agir, par le biais d'instructions d'imaginer mentalement, sur les processus d'imagerie suspectés d'être en œuvre dans les processus créatifs, de manière à améliorer la créativité résultante. Ces résultats mettent en évidence l'imagerie mentale comme un mécanisme sous-Jacent explicatif des processus créatifs. Enfin, une cinquième expérimentation, plus conséquente en matière de variables examinées, étudie l'effet de deux types de stimulations de l'activité d'imagerie, à savoir : la présence d'une stimulation d'imagerie liée à soi (versus non liée à soi) et la présence (versus l'absence) d'un entraînement préalable à l'imagerie mentale. L'étude confirme le rôle médiateur de l'imagerie mentale et met en évidence les effets favorables de ces stimulations sur la quantité, l'originalité, l'utilité perçue et l'attrait des idées produites. Le rôle modérateur de variables individuelles – le caractère lead user et l'implication envers la catégorie de produit – a également été examinéAlthough co-Creation is a phenomenon increasingly present in various business practices, companies are often disappointed by the low effective creativity of "ordinary" users to generate ideas for new products. This doctoral research aims to answer the following general question: Can we improve the effectiveness of co-Creation processes with users? If the identification of creative users is a critical issue for businesses, then it is also essential to ensure stimulation of the creative abilities of the users enrolled in the innovation process. This thesis is interested in mental imagery, a phenomenon that has often been cited in psychology for its implication in the creative process. In this work three quantitative studies explore the relationship between the individual's imagery ability and their creative ability. The obtained results identify the mental imagery ability as a variable indicating the creative ability of individuals and thus constituting a potential element for identifying creative individuals. A fourth study shows that it is possible to impact, via instructions to form mental images, the mental imagery process that is implemented in the creative process, thus improving the resulting creativity. These results highlight mental imagery as an underlying mechanism of the creative process. Finally, a fifth experiment, more consistent in terms of the variables examined, studies the effect of two types of stimulation of imagery activity: self-Related vs. non self-Related imaging stimulation, and the presence vs. absence of mental imagery training. The study confirms the mediator role of mental imagery and highlights the favorable effects of these stimulations on the quantity, originality, perceived usefulness and the customer appeal of the generated ideas. The moderator role of individual variables - leadership and involvement with the product category - was also examined
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Bilda, Zafer. "The Role of Mental Imagery in Conceptual Designing." University of Sydney, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1411.
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PhDIn design literature, how designers think and how they design have been identified as a reflection of how they interact with their sketches. Sketching in architectural design is still a central concern which shapes our understanding of the design process and the development of new tools. Sketching not only serves as a visual aid to store and retrieve conceptualisations, but as a medium to facilitate more ideas, and to revise and refine these ideas. This thesis examined how mental imagery and sketching is used in designing by conducting a protocol analysis study with six expert architects. Each architect was required to think aloud and design under two different conditions: one in which s/he had access to sketching and one in which s/he was blindfolded (s/he did not have access to sketching). At the end of the blindfold condition the architects were required to quickly sketch what they held in their minds. The architects were able to come up with satisfying design solutions and some reported that using their imagery could be another way of designing. The resulting sketches were assessed by judges and were found to have no significant differences in overall quality. Expert architects were able to construct and maintain the design of a building without having access to sketching. The analysis of the blindfold and sketching design protocols did not demonstrate any differences in the quantity of cognitive actions in perceptual, conceptual, functional and evaluative categories. Each architect’s cognitive structure and designing behaviour in the blindfold activity mimicked her/his cognitive structure and designing behaviour in the sketching activity. The analysis of links between the design ideas demonstrated that architects’ performance in idea development was higher under the blindfold condition, compared to their sketching condition. It was also found that architects’ blindfold design performance was improved when they were more familiar with the site layout. These results imply that expert designers may not need sketching as a medium for their reflective conversation with the situation. This study indicates that constructing internal representations can be a strong tool for designing. Future studies may show that designers may not need sketching for the generation of certain designs during the early phases of conceptual designing.
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Shambrook, Christopher J. "Adherence to mental skills training for sports performance." Thesis, University of Brighton, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.284045.
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White, Alison Elizabeth. "Imagery and sport performance." Thesis, Bangor University, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.320414.
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Freeman, James D. (James David Douglas). "The Effects of Mental Imagery Training on a Baseball Throwing Task." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1993. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500604/.
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This study was designed to determine if long term training of mental imagery skills is more beneficial to an athlete than immediate imagery rehearsal practiced only prior to an event. Subjects were thirty male high school baseball athletes who were randomly assigned to one of three treatment conditions: (1) long term imagery training and practice; (2) immediate imagery practice only; and (3) control. An accuracy relay-throwing test was performed with pre-test, mid-test, and post-test performance trials. Results of the study revealed no statistically significant differences over the three test periods for any of the treatment conditions. Thus, long term imagery combined with immediate imagery practice, immediate imagery practice and control groups performed equally well on the baseball throwing task.
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St, Just Natalie. "Exploring mental imagery in persecutory delusions: An investigation into the experiences and characteristics of mental imagery in clinical and non-clinical populations." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.617940.
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This thesis is aims to explore the role of mental imagery in psychosis. Mental imagery has been of clinical interest for over a century. Seminal studies by Holmes and colleagues identified that mental imagery had a powerful effect on emotion. This finding is important and has influenced further research particularly on anxiety and mental imagery. Limited but promising evidence has been found for the role of mental imagery in psychosis. It is proposed that the links between anxiety and psychosis enable the effects of mental imagery in anxiety to be applied to psychosis. To this end a review of anxiety literature on mental imagery is undertaken ill order to outline the main findings in this area and to consider how this would apply to cognitive models of psychosis. The empirical study investigates the experience of mental imagery in people with persecutory delusions compared to a student/community sample. Qualitative and quantitative data was collected to compare experiences of clinical and nonclinical populations and to explore some of the factors previously found 10 be present in mental imagery and psychosis. Hypotheses were also based on the findings of mental imagery in anxiety literature. The results showed significant differences between groups for belief conviction, type of emotion and image perspective. There were no significant differences in frequency, vividness and association with past memories. Qualitative themes were: describing the image, validity of the image and interpersonal implications. The findings are discussed and research and clinical implications are considered.
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Scott, David J. "Mental imagery and visualisation : their role in map use." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.360960.
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Lovell, G. P. "The movement mental imagery ability and acquisition rate relationship." Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.246261.
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Nargis, Sultana Mahbuba. "Sensory Input and Mental Imagery in Second Language Acquisition." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1418370678.
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Dahl, Darren W. "The use of visual mental imagery in new product design." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ34546.pdf.
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Hales, Susie. "An investigation of mental imagery in unipolar and biopolar depression." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.510422.
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Stratford, Hannah Joy. "Anxiety and bipolar spectrum disorders : psychological treatments and mental imagery." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.599903.
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Anxiety is a clinically significant feature of bipolar spectrum disorders [BP]. The. rate of anxiety symptoms and/or comorbid anxiety diagnoses is high, and it contributes to worse outcomes in a range of domains. There is an accumulation of evidence that psychological therapy is effective for anxiety, which is not so for BP. Mental imagery is implicated in the maintenance of anxiety and is a promising avenue of research in BP. A cognitive model of bipolar disorder posits that imagery is an emotional amplifier in mania and anxiety. Paper A presents a systematic review of the literature of psychological therapies for anxiety in BP. Twenty-two studies were identified, though no formal synthesis was possible. Preliminary data for CBT for obsessive compulsive disorder, generalised anxiety disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder in a BP population are promising, and further research is warranted. Furthermore, the addition of an anxiety module to CBT for BP effectively reduces anxiety, and may have additional benefits in other domains. Pilot research applying other evidence-based CBT treatments for comorbid anxiety is indicated, as are RCTs for CBT for cyclothymia and rapid cycling BP. The addition of an anxiety module may Improve the effectiveness of psychological therapy for BP, further review and research is necessary to explore this. Paper B presents an empirical study, com paring imagery processes in adults with BP (currently euthymic), mixed anxiety disorders, and non-clinical controls. Genera imagery use, intrusive and deliberate prospective imagery, and characteristics of image ' during different mood states are explored. People with anxiety have high levels 0 general imagery use and intrusive prospective imagery. Unlike the clinical groups, the control group appears to have a bias against negative imagery in a deliberate prospective imagery task. Retrospective report of mental imagery during past low, anxious and high mood states gives partial support to the imagery as an emotional amplifier theory, and similarities between the clinical groups may illuminate the high rates of comorbidity. Future research is discussed.
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Burns, Frances D. "The Application of Guided Mental Imagery as an Instructional Strategy." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1989. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc331127/.
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The primary purpose of this study was to compare regular classroom instruction which used Guided Mental Imagery (GMI) to a non-GMI teaching method. This comparison was expected to yield data which would provide insights relating to the potential of GMI as a useful and effective instructional strategy. Quasi-experimental research methods were followed. The experimental design was a modified "post-test only control group design." Two-hundred-four students in naturally occurring in tact classes formed the experimental and control groups. All groups received instruction in identical science/health content. Two parallel post-tests were administered to all students. Post-test "A" was given immediately after instruction to measure learning acquisition. Post-test "B" was given four weeks later to measure retention of learning. Means for test scores were grouped according to treatment and sub-grouped by the variables: IQ, handedness, identified learning disability, and intellectual giftedness. T_ tests for differences between independent means were conducted. Students' acquisition of basic academic content, when instructed with GMI methodology, was found to differ significantly from students' acquisition of the same content with non-GMI instruction. No statistically significant differences based on instructional methodology were found for content retention. The investigator concluded that GMI instruction may increase learning. Although measures of retention did not show significant differences between groups, a review of the mean scores revealed a minimal difference. This was interpreted to indicate equality of retention between the two methods. Recommendations for further investigation were offered. Post-testing of subjects at additional intervals, and increased training of students and teachers in GMI prior to collection of data were suggested.
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Iseki, Kazumi. "Neural mechanisms involved in mental imagery and observation of gait." Kyoto University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/124229.
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Kim, Bang Hyun. "Use of exercise-related mental imagery by middle-aged adults." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2006. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0013960.
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Johnson, Nathan. "Interrupting mental rotation : what we know when /." Electronic version (PDF), 2003. http://dl.uncw.edu/etd/2003/johnsonn/natejohnson.pdf.
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López, Jorge Manuel. "Imagery and the composition of music : an insight into an original compositional method inspired by mental imagery." Thesis, City, University of London, 2016. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/18157/.
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This thesis presents a body of eight original musical compositions inspired by the phenomenology of mental imagery, together with a written commentary which describes in depth the compositional process undertaken whilst composing them, defines the concept 'mental imagery' as applied to this process. and sets the concept within a broad theoretical framework which addresses cognitive sciences, the philosophy of meaning and perception, and music historiography. The study codifies a new and original methodology for music composition based on the author's personal account of mental imagery and its influence or permeation into his practice as a composer. The written commentary is structured in two chapters. Chapter One begins with a detailed description of the author's notion of mental imagery, which arose as a natural outcome of his subjective compositional practice. Mental imagery is then compared with ideas, concepts and arguments that address extrinsic elements in music and cross-modal categories in perception. The concept of 'mental imagery' proposed by the author, and therefore the whole compositional process described, is discussed through the lens of the ecological theory of perception and the virtual representation of music, which places mental imagery squarely within contemporary accounts in the field of cognitive sciences and the philosophy of perception. A discussion on the topic of musical meaning follows, addressing arguments that define meaning as a multiform, interdisciplinary concept. Chapter One ends with an insight into music analysis research from the second half of the 20th century, leading to the statement that mental imagery might have been neglected by some music theorists in the recent past. It is argued that this is due to a prevailing epistemological framework that gave priority to formal and technical features of musical material. Chapter Two of this written commentary undertakes a deep and detailed analysis of four of the compositions presented. This analysis gives mental imagery a central role in the descriptive discourse, being sensitive to all the arguments discussed in Chapter One. The analytical style resonates with other accounts such as 'performative analysis' by Nicholas Cook (2002) and 'analog mode of discourse' by John Rahn (1979), and borrows key terms from 'vitality affects' by David Stern (1985). The whole thesis aims to be a valuable example of compositional process inspired by an original, unique and well-described concept: mental imagery. This compositional process codifies new methods or models for compositional practice that may be disseminated to fellow composers. Moreover, the study could also inform performers, theorists and listeners, who may approach their practice in a different light through reflection on the topic of mental imagery and all the associated processes that are here described.
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Kassar, Shaden. "THE EFFECT OF OUTCOME EXPECTANCY IMAGERY TASK ON GAMBLING BEHAVIOR." OpenSIUC, 2015. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/1712.
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Gambling is a serious problem that affects the individual as well as the whole society. Multiple studies have investigated the effect of imagery tasks on gambling behavior. Whiting and Dixon (2013) investigated the effect of a gambling-related imagery task verses a laundry-related imagery task on gambling behavior. The current study extended Whiting and Dixon’s findings by comparing different outcome-specific imagery tasks on gambling behavior. The study included two groups: 1) winning imagery group (n=7), and 2) losing imagery group (n=7). Participants in the winning imagery group imagined themselves winging for 15 trials, while participants in the losing imagery group imagined themselves losing for 15 trials. Then both groups were given the opportunity to play a game of blackjack downloaded on a laptop for as long as they desired. Gambling intensity was measured by the total time played and the number of trials played. The Participants in the winning imagery group gambled significantly longer (p= 0.01) and played significantly more trials (p= 0.03) than those in the losing imagery group. Implications for pathological gambling treatment are discussed.
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Mielke, Susan. "Mental Practice In Music Performance: A Literature-Based Glossary and Taxonomy." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/35863.
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Mental practice is a strategy that can be used to acquire the necessary skills for piano and other music performance. This type of practice strategy involves the use of imagery as opposed to the motor skills used in physical practice. In a preliminary review of piano pedagogy material and recent scientific literature, the benefits of mental practice were established. However, this review also revealed a lack of clarity in the use of terminology which sometimes interfered with readability. In order to better understand this problem of terminology, 33 current studies on mental practice in music performance were collected and examined for both the quantity and quality of term usage. Terms were identified and recorded using existing terminology and classification methods. Terminological records were created for each term appearing more than twice in the literature. In total, 83 records were created. Issues related to frequency of use (repetition), use of multiple terms (synonymy), lack of term definitions, and the need for clarity in term usage (semantic vagueness and ambiguity) were then analyzed using these records. This term analysis process resulted in the creation of a glossary and taxonomy. The glossary of 21 terms and corresponding hierarchical taxonomy (tree diagram) are proposed as an aid to help clarify the terminology of mental practice in music performance. Given the value of mental practice in learning to play music it is important to develop and maintain terminology that will facilitate both the understanding of existing literature and the design of future studies.
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Ferreira, Dias Kanthack Thiago. "Interdependent relationships between the mental representation and psychophysiological correlates of action." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE1166/document.
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L’objectif de ce travail était d’apporter des données encore inconnu sur la relation entre les corrélats neurophysiologiques de l’action et la représentation mentale. Un ensemble de six expérimentations ont été menées. Celles-ci nous ont permis de mieux comprendre les modalités d’utilisation de l’imagerie motrice qu’elle soit concomitante ou réaliser après la pratique réelle. Les effets de la pratique physique sur la capacité d’utilisation de l’imagerie motrice ont aussi été explorés. Nos résultats montrent que l’imagerie motrice est très efficace, qu’elle soit pratiquée de manière concomitante à la pratique réelle ou après celle-ci lorsque la fatigue physique est importante. Nous démontrons que des capacités d’imagerie élevées ne sont pas systématiquement reliées à une amélioration de la performance. De manière inédite nous démontrons que la pratique réelle peut–être bénéfique pour la capacité d’imagerie motrice d’une habilité fortement automatisée. De plus, des sessions de pratique physique prolongées et intermittentes semblent plus perturber la capacité d’imagerie motrice qu’une pratique continue. L’ensemble de ces résultats est une contribution importante aux connaissances relatives à l’utilisation de l’imagerie motrice dans la réhabilitation ou encore dans la pratique physiqueThe main purpose of the present work was to add substantial data regarding the psychophysiological correlates of action with respective mental representation. A total of six experimental protocols were developed to understand the mechanisms of using motor imagery concomitant and after actual practice, and the effects of exercise on motor imagery ability. According to our findings, motor imagery can very be usefull when performed concomitant with actual practice and even after an exercise session, when fatigue is most present. We demonstrate that higher levels of motor imagery ability are not always linked with greater performance enhancement. Unprecedentedly, we reported that an exercise session might even be beneficial for motor imagery ability of high-automated task. In addition, prolonged intermittent exercise session are more likely to impair motor imagery ability in comparison with continuous exercise. These findings are of special interest of sports coaches and rehabilitation professionals, which usually incorporate motor imagery into their physical training sessions
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Dickert, Stephan, Janet Kleber, Daniel Västfjäll, and Paul Slovic. "Mental imagery, impact, and affect: A mediation model for charitable giving." Public Library of Science, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0148274.
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One of the puzzling phenomena in philanthropy is that people can show strong compassion
for identified individual victims but remain unmoved by catastrophes that affect large numbers
of victims. Two prominent findings in research on charitable giving reflect this idiosyncrasy:
The (1) identified victim and (2) victim number effects. The first of these suggests that
identifying victims increases donations and the second refers to the finding that people's
willingness to donate often decreases as the number of victims increases. While these
effects have been documented in the literature, their underlying psychological processes
need further study. We propose a model in which identified victim and victim number effects
operate through different cognitive and affective mechanisms. In two experiments we present
empirical evidence for such a model and show that different affective motivations
(donor-focused vs. victim-focused feelings) are related to the cognitive processes of impact
judgments and mental imagery. Moreover, we argue that different mediation pathways exist
for identifiability and victim number effects.
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Ivins, Annabel M. "Considering a role for verbal thoughts and mental imagery in mania." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.556483.
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Bipolar disorder is a difficult disorder which can significantly impact upon an individual's physical, psychological and functional wellbeing. The progress made in developing effective psychological interventions for other severe and enduring mental health conditions is yet to be matched by advances in the psychological treatment of bipolar disorder. Two areas of emerging research have show.n promise: the association between personal goals and risk of mania; and the identification of intrusive mental imagery during the mood states defining bipolar disorder. Gaining an increased understanding of the cognitive processes involved in mania could inform the development of new treatment models for bipolar disorder. The review paper critically evaluates the literature investigating the association between personal goals and risk of mania, plus evidence for a role of future cognition in anxiety, depression and bipolar disorder. The review concludes that future research should more specifically investigate the relevance of goals to a psychiatric population of individuals with bipolar disorder and that mental imagery appears to play a role in the maintenance of mood disorders. Future research endeavours should bridge the gap that is evident between these diverse fields of enquiry. The empirical paper investigates the experience of mental imagery during periods of positive mood among individuals with bipolar disorder or unipolar disorder. All participants (n=36) reported experiencing intrusive mental imagery during their last period of positive mood. The predicted differences between- and within- groups in the frequency and properties of their imagery and thoughts were not found, although trends were in the predicted direction. There was a significant difference between the groups on a measure of goal-striving. Content analysis of each participant's most significant image yielded a range of interesting findings. Despite its limitations, this study provides evidence of theoretical and clinical interest, thus further research with a larger sample size is warranted.
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Howlett, Stephen G. "An assessment of a mental imagery intervention for primary school children." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/6813.
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An intervention designed to develop mental imagery skills was implemented in a primary school setting for children from grades 1 to 6. Children were separated into control and experimental groups and pre- and post-test measures were taken to determine the effects of the intervention on mental imagery ability. A self-report inventory, Kids Imagery Scale (KIS), and objective performance task, Ski Run Assessment Tool (Ski Run), were designed and administered to measure these effects. In addition, qualitative data collection was obtained from logging procedures during the intervention phase and questionnaires in post-test. Results showed significant improvement from experimental group children on the Ski Run scores but not on KIS scores. Qualitative analysis showed some indication of improved imagery ability of experimental group children. A secondary focus of the study examined the effects of the intervention on the mood and self-esteem of the children. The KISS Self-esteem Scale was designed and administered to measure change between groups and within groups. Though no significant improvement was realized, a significant correlation between self-esteem scores and KIS scores were found.
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Monette, Richard. "Identification and analysis of the mental imagery content of ski racers." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq20796.pdf.
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Chamberlain, Adeena M. "How does art, analogy, and mental imagery aid in cognitive development." Online pdf file accessible through the World Wide Web, 2007. http://archives.evergreen.edu/masterstheses/Accession89-10MIT/Chamberlain_A%20MITthesis%202007.pdf.
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Link, Courtney Anne, and University of Lethbridge Faculty of Arts and Science. "The use of mental imagery by aesthetic athletes prior to competition." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Dept. of Kinesiology and Physical Education, 2011, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/2632.
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This study examined the influence of state-confidence on aesthetic athletes’
precompetitive imagery function use. Important individual differences effecting
functional imagery use require empirical confirmation. Proposed is state-confidence as a
factor influencing the functions of imagery used immediately prior to competition. Also,
sport type may also be a moderator of the relationship and thus, is constrained in this
study. Female aesthetic athletes from Southern Alberta (N = 180, Mage = 14.64, SD =
1.88) completed measures of state-confidence, imagery ability, and frequency of imagery
function use. One-way ANCOVA tests revealed that athletes with high state-confidence
used significantly more cognitive specific, cognitive general, motivation general-arousal,
and motivational general-mastery functions of imagery than low state-confident athletes.
Findings imply that applied sport psychology consultants should be more encouraging of
preparation strategies with low state-confident athletes.xi, 64 leaves : ill. ; 28 cm
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Derbyshire, Noreen. "Micro-affordances in visual mental imagery and visual short-term memory." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/345.
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Micro-affordance effects have been reported for several different components of the reachto- grasp action during on-line visual processing (Tucker and Ellis, 1998; Ellis and Tucker, 2000; and Tucker and Ellis, 2001). One property of these effects is that they have been shown to terminate once an object is removed from view (Tucker and Ellis, 2001). This thesis describes eight experiments that examine the presence of micro-affordance effects during off-line visual processing. All eight experiments employ a stimulus-response compatibility paradigm. Three different experimental designs were employed to examine the presence of micro-affordance effects arising from the relationship between: (a) the power and precision component of the reach-to-grasp action and the compatibility of an object for grasping with either a power or precision grasp, and (b) the orientation of an object for grasping and hand of response. The results of the experimentss uggestt hat: (a) the representationsu tilised during off-line visual processing can potentiate actions arising from the two components of the reach-tograsp action investigated;( b) the representationsu tilised during off-line visual processing can also inhibit micro-affordance effects; (c) main effects of object orientation (faster response times to either left or right-oriented objects) in those experiments examining the relationship between the orientation of an object for grasping and hand of response can be used to support a theory for the existenceo f prototype object representationsh, eld in long term memory, for the process of object recognition, and (d) due to differences in the object properties thought to give rise to micro-affordance effects, and the existence of different off-line visual processes,d ifferent experimentald esignsa re required to elicit microaffordance effects arising from the two types of micro-affordance effects investigated in this thesis.
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Eslinger, Oliver Warren. "Mental imagery ability in high and low performance collegiate basketball players." Thesis, Boston University, 2002. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/33468.
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Thesis (Ed.D.)--Boston UniversityPLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis or dissertation. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you.
172 college basketball players (56 males, 116 females) from NCAA Divisions I, II, and III were analyzed to determine how mental imagery ability (lA) relates to high and low physical performance. Investigation centered on performance lA (the ability to create, recall, and manipulate images during action) as a potential factor for competitive separation (athletic distinction between high and low performers). More specifically, research examined which of several imagery functions or types were the best predictors of successful basketball game performance. It was hypothesized that kinesthetic imagery and cognitive imagery would be the most important imagery functions. The Basketball Background Questionnaire (BBQ; Eslinger, 2002), Movement Imagery Questionnaire-Revised (MIQ-R; Hall & Martin, 1997), and the Sport Imagery Questionnaire (SIQ; Hall, Mack, Paivio, & Hausenblas, 1998) were utilized as measures of lA while physical performance was calculated using the Basketball-Performance Statistic Rating (B-PSR; Eslinger, 2002). Additional data was collected from selected athletes to identify characteristics related to imagery use and development. Results from correlation, multiple regression, t-tests, ANOVA, and discriminant function analyses suggest that, in general, basketball performance is best enhanced through kinesthetic imagery and motivational specific imagery. Elite players are able to perform consistently at a high level because they have an ability to feel the action and increase their internal drive for success before and during games. Surprisingly, cognitive general imagery scores were higher in low-level players, suggesting these athletes think "too much" during competition. In addition, depending on gender, playing position, and NCAA division, other types of imagery may be important influences of performance. Differences and associations between high and low performers and imagers as they relate to the B-PSR and seven types of imagery ability are discussed. A new model of performance imagery is highlighted based on previous theories and current results. Directions for future research are covered that shape sport psychology research, application, and possible imagery training techniques for basketball players and coaches.
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Ng, Roger Man Kin. "Does mental imagery act as an emotional amplifier in bipolar disorders?" Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:d327c209-9d56-4ac5-8c77-610a6d7de8b2.
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Bipolar disorder is characterized by episodes of mania and depression and serious suicidal risks. Recent studies reported high mental imagery susceptibility (general use of imagery in daily life and emotional impact of prospective imagery) in euthymic bipolar patients. This thesis aims to: a) replicate these findings in patients at different phases of bipolar disorder and with varying degrees of bipolarity, and b) explore how mental imagery susceptibility, ruminative processing, and behavioural approach system (BAS) sensitivity interact to amplify mood symptoms. Chapter 1 provides an overview of current theories of mood amplification and recurrence in bipolar disorders. Chapter 2 details the local validation of scales used in the thesis. Chapter 3 (Study 1) investigated whether mental imagery susceptibility, positive rumination and BAS sensitivity were elevated in remitted bipolar I disorder compared with major depressive disorder and non-psychiatric controls. Results suggested that these cognitive variables were elevated in remitted bipolar I disorder. Positive rumination also interacted with positive prospective images to predict bipolarity. Chapter 4 (Study 2) found that these cognitive variables were elevated in bipolar I disorder during manic and euthymic phases, compared to major depression. Further, the number of positive prospective images predicted recovery status and manic symptom severity. Chapters 5, 6 and 7 report that, compared with people without bipolar spectrum conditions, these cognitive characteristics were elevated in sub-threshold bipolar disorder (Study 3), individuals with high bipolar risks based on a behavioural paradigm (Study 4), and individuals with high familial risk (Study 5). Studies 3-5 confirmed that positive and negative prospective images interacted with rumination to amplify hypomanic and depressive symptoms respectively. Chapter 8 (Study 6) showed that suicidal flash-forwards function as a psychological escape from perceived entrapment and defeat in suicidality. Based on these findings, Chapter 9 proposes novel imagery-based techniques for targeting problematic imagery in bipolar disorders.
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Roberts, Sterling M. "The Impact of Mental Imagery on the Confidence of Student-Athletes." Defiance College / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=def1309543566.
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Thomas, Jonathan. "Picture This: A dissertation examining the quantitative mental imagery of children." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1289841265.
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Brozovich, Faith Auriel. "Examining Mental Imagery and Post-event Processing among Socially Anxious Individuals." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2012. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/164223.
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PsychologyPh.D.
Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is characterized by an intense fear of negative evaluation from others in social and/or performance situations. Research has demonstrated that socially anxious individuals' post-event processing, or post-mortem review of social situations, often affects their levels of anxiety, negative emotions, interpretations, and memories of events (Brozovich & Heimberg, 2008). Furthermore, research has shown that processing negative descriptions using imagery is more emotion-evoking than semantic processing of the same material (Holmes & Mathews, 2005; Holmes & Mathews, 2010). The present study investigated post-event processing involving mental imagery and its effects on mood, anxiety, and potentially biased interpretations of social and nonsocial events. Socially anxious and non-anxious participants were told they would give a 5 min impromptu speech at the end of the experimental session. They were then randomly assigned to one of three manipulation conditions: post-event processing imagery (PEP-Imagery), post-event processing semantic (PEP-Semantic), or a Control condition. In the post-event processing conditions, participants recalled a past anxiety-provoking speech and thought about the anticipated speech either using imagery (PEP-Imagery) or focusing on their meaning (PEP-Semantic). Following the condition manipulation, participants completed a variety of affect, anxiety, and interpretation measures. Consistent with our predictions, socially anxious individuals in the PEP-Imagery condition displayed greater anxiety than individuals in the other conditions immediately following the induction and before the anticipated speech task. Socially anxious individuals in the PEP-Imagery condition also interpreted ambiguous scenarios in a more socially anxious manner than individuals in the Control condition. The impact of imagery during post-event processing in social anxiety and its implications for cognitive-behavioral interventions are discussed.
Temple University--Theses
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Jiang, Yuwei. "The role of mental imagery and visual perspective in consumer behavior /." View abstract or full-text, 2008. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?MARK%202008%20JIANG.
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Vigus, Tracy Lynn. "THE PHYSIOLOGICAL CORRELATES OF INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL IMAGERY (MENTAL PRACTICE, ELECTROMYOGRAPHY)." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/275467.
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