Journal articles: 'Mental defectives'

1

Craig, J. O. "GROWTH OF MENTAL DEFECTIVES." Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology 8, no. 1 (November 12, 2008): 87–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8749.1966.tb08281.x.

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Warburg, Mette. "DISEASES OF THE EYE AMONG MENTAL DEFECTIVES." Acta Ophthalmologica 41, no. 2 (May 27, 2009): 157–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-3768.1963.tb03536.x.

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BECKMAN, L., K. H. GUSTAVSON, and H. O. ÅKESSON. "STUDIES OF SOME MORPHOLOGICAL TRAITS IN MENTAL DEFECTIVES." Hereditas 48, no. 1-2 (September 2, 2009): 105–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1601-5223.1962.tb01800.x.

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ÅKESSON, HANS OLOF. "DISTRIBUTION OF MID-DIGITAL HAIR AMONG MENTAL DEFECTIVES." Hereditas 48, no. 3 (September 2, 2009): 417–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1601-5223.1962.tb01824.x.

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REID, A. H., and P. G. AUNGLE. "DEMENTIA IN AGEING MENTAL DEFECTIVES: A CLINICAL PSYCHIATRIC STUDY." Journal of Intellectual Disability Research 18, no. 1 (June 28, 2008): 15–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2788.1974.tb01214.x.

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KAUFMAN, M. E., and H. LEVITT. "SOME DETERMINANTS OF STEREOTYPED BEHAVIOURS IN INSTITUTIONALIZED MENTAL DEFECTIVES." Journal of Intellectual Disability Research 9, no. 3 (June 28, 2008): 201–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2788.1965.tb00838.x.

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REID, A. H., A. F. J. MALONEY, and P. G. AUNGLE. "DEMENTIA IN AGEING MENTAL DEFECTIVES: A CLINIGAL AND NEUROPATHOLOGICAL STUDY." Journal of Intellectual Disability Research 22, no. 4 (June 28, 2008): 233–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2788.1978.tb00981.x.

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Malacrida, Claudia. "Bodily Practices as Vehicles for Dehumanization in an Institution for Mental Defectives." Societies 2, no. 4 (November 15, 2012): 286–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/soc2040286.

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Tait, D. "MORTALITY AND DEMENTIA AMONG AGEING DEFECTIVES*." Journal of Intellectual Disability Research 27, no. 2 (June 28, 2008): 133–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2788.1983.tb00286.x.

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REID, A. H., and G. J. NAYLOR. "SHORT-CYCLE MANIC DEPRESSIVE PSYCHOSIS IN MENTAL DEFECTIVES: A CLINICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL STUDY." Journal of Intellectual Disability Research 20, no. 1 (June 28, 2008): 67–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2788.1976.tb00018.x.

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Jackson, Mark. "Images of deviance: visual representations of mental defectives in early twentieth-century medical texts." British Journal for the History of Science 28, no. 3 (September 1995): 319–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007087400033185.

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In his Feeblemindedness in Children of School-Age, first published in 1911, Charles Paget Lapage, physician to the Manchester Children's Hospital, wrote that one ‘only has to watch a group of feebleminded children to see that most of them have some peculiarity’. These words appear towards the end of an extensive discussion of the physical characteristics that could be found in feeble-minded children and are accompanied by a plate comprising four photographs of ‘Feebleminded Children showing Defective Expression’ (Figure 1).

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KARRER, RATHE. "COMPARISON OF AUTONOMIC ACTIVITY OF MENTAL DEFECTIVES AND NORMALS: A SEQUENTIAL ANALYSIS OF THE HEART RATE RESPONSE." Journal of Intellectual Disability Research 9, no. 2 (June 28, 2008): 102–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2788.1965.tb00826.x.

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KENDRA CLAUSER-ROEMER. "“What Indiana Can Do”: The Influence of Female Field Workers on the Indiana Committee on Mental Defectives, 1915-1924." Indiana Magazine of History 106, no. 3 (2010): 246. http://dx.doi.org/10.5378/indimagahist.106.3.0246.

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Malacrida, Claudia. "Contested memories: efforts of the powerful to silence former inmates’ histories of life in an institution for ‘mental defectives’." Disability & Society 21, no. 5 (August 2006): 397–410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09687590600785720.

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Zeidman, Lawrence A. "Neuroscience in Nazi Europe Part I: Eugenics, Human Experimentation, and Mass Murder." Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques 38, no. 5 (September 2011): 696–703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0317167100054068.

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ABSTRACT:The Nazi regime in Germany from 1933 to 1945 waged a veritable war throughout Europe to eliminate neurologic disease from the gene pool. Fueled by eugenic policies on racial hygiene, the Nazis first undertook a sterilization campaign against “mental defectives,” which included neurologic patients with epilepsy and other disorders, as well as psychiatric patients. From 1939-41 the Nazis instead resorted to ”euthanasia” of many of the same patients. Some neuroscientists were collaborators in this program, using patients for research, or using extracted brains following their murder. Other reviews have focused on Hallervorden, Spatz, Schaltenbrand, Scherer, and Gross, but in this review the focus is on neuroscientists not well described in the neurology literature, including Scholz, Ostertag, Schneider, Nachtsheim, and von Weizsäcker. Only by understanding the actions of neuroscientists during this dark period can we learn from the slippery slope down which they traveled, and prevent history from repeating itself.

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Ladd-Taylor, Molly. "“Ravished by Some Moron”: The Eugenic Origins of the Minnesota Psychopathic Personality Act of 1939." Journal of Policy History 31, no. 2 (April 2019): 192–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0898030619000022.

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Abstract:Twenty U.S. states permit the indefinite detention of civilly committed sex offenders after the end of their prison sentences if their dangerousness is due to a “mental abnormality.” This article explores the origins of one such law by examining its predecessor, the Minnesota Psychopathic Personality Act of 1939. Passed in the wake of a panic over sex crimes and upheld by the Supreme Court in 1940, Minnesota’s psychopath statute extended a 1917 eugenics law providing for the compulsory civil commitment and institutionalization of “defectives” to persons alleged to have a psychopathic personality. Analyzing the 1917 and 1939 laws together shows how one state’s psychopath statute had less to do with psychiatric authority than with the legal and administrative framework established by Progressive-era eugenics. From the 1910s until today, dubious claims about the ability of science to identify potential criminals legitimized politically popular, but constitutionally questionable, forms of administrative and social control.

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Scheper-Hughes, Nancy. "The Ghosts of Montes de Oca: Buried Subtext of Argentina's Dirty War." Americas 72, no. 2 (April 2015): 187–220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/tam.2015.1.

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No rhetorical flourishes: this work-in-progress is intended to provoke a long-overdue public dialogue on an ugly topic that refuses to stay disappeared. It treats a hidden battleground of Argentina's Dirty War (1976–1983), a ‘petite war,’ a war within the war, directed by a military-appointed doctor against the mentally deficient inmates concentrated at the national psychiatric hospital, the Colonia Nacional Dr. Manuel A. Montes de Oca in Torres, and its sister institution, the Colonia Psiquiátrica Domingo Cabred, in Lujan, both in Buenos Aires province. Buried in the historical, statistical, legal, and archival records, along with the key informant interviews, ethnographic observations, and photos is shattering evidence of medical human rights abuses committed under the necropolitics of the Dirty War against an abandoned population of mental “defectives” who were condemned to gratuitous suffering and early deaths at the psychiatric colony (see Figure 1). In the worst instances, the abuses were crimes against humanity.

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YAMADA, Asuka, and Jun UENO. "RELATION BETWEEN SETTING OF INDIVIDUAL'S ROOM AND PUBLIC SPACE AND THE STATE OF STAYING IN A RECLAMATION FACILITIES EWITH GROUP LIVING METHOD FOR MENTAL DEFECTIVES." Journal of Architecture and Planning (Transactions of AIJ) 70, no. 595 (2005): 57–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aija.70.57_6.

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Hasson, Ezra. "Risk, modernity and history." International Journal of Law in Context 1, no. 4 (December 2005): 315–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1744552305004015.

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A current trend in sociology characterises the end of the twentieth century as obsessed with risk. Ulrich Beck and Anthony Giddens are perhaps the leading expositors of this theme. Both emphasise a break with the past as the last millennium approached its conclusion, whereby changes in patterns of work, technological developments and the demise of traditional social forms have ushered in a new modernity. In their view, social organisations became more reflexive in their assessments of the circumstances of daily life, at a time when new technologies created the possibility of damage on a global scale. The result in the new social world is a society focused on risk. Some aspects of this assessment are uncontroversial. New technologies have emerged, whilst the role of the nation state has changed since its apogee in the nineteenth century. Other aspects of this new vision are, however, empirically more problematic. Furthermore, the degree to which social changes actually had the effects identified by Beck and Giddens remains an open question. Using the early twentieth-century regulation of mental defectives as a case study, this paper will interrogate this ‘discontinuist’ vision, exploring whether and how our understanding of risk has changed.

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Lee, L. "27. Immigration and other evils: A profile of Dr. C. K. Clarke and the eugenics movement in Canada." Clinical & Investigative Medicine 30, no. 4 (August 1, 2007): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.25011/cim.v30i4.2787.

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Dr. C.K. Clarke (1857-1924) was one of Canada’s most prominent psychiatrists. He sought to improve the conditions of asylums, helped to legitimize psychiatry and established formal training for nurses. At the beginning of the 20th Century, Canada experienced a surge of immigration. Yet – as many historians have shown – a widespread anti-foreigner sentiment within the public remained. Along with many other members of the fledgling eugenics movement, Clarke believed that the proportion of “mental defectives” was higher in the immigrant population than in the Canadian population and campaigned to restrict immigration. He appealed to the government to track immigrants and deport them once they showed signs of mental illness. Clarke’s efforts lead to amendments to the Immigration Act in 1919, which authorized deportation of people who were not Canadian-born, regardless of how many years that had been in Canada. This change applied not only to the mentally ill but also to those who could no longer work due to injury and to those who did not follow social norms. Clarke is a fascinating example of how we judge historical figures. He lived in a time where what we now think of as xenophobia was a socially acceptable, even worthy attitude. As a leader in eugenics, therefore, he was a progressive. Other biographers have recognized Clarke’s racist opinions, some of whom justify them as keeping with the social values of his era. In further exploring Clarke’s interest in these issues, this paper relies on his personal scrapbooks held in the CAMH archives. These documents contain personal papers, poems and stories that proclaim his anti-Semitic and anti-foreigner views. Whether we allow his involvement in the eugenics movement to overshadow his accomplishments or ignore his racist leanings to celebrate his memory is the subject of ongoing debate. Dowbiggin IR. Keeping America Sane: Psychiatry and Eugenics in the United States and Canada 1880-1940. Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press, 1997. McLaren A. Our Own Master Race: Eugenics in Canada 1885-1945. Toronto: McClelland and Stewart, 1990. Roberts B. Whence They Came: Deportation from Canada 1900-1935. Ottawa: University of Ottawa Press, 1988.

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21

Westmoreland, Barbara F., and Donald W. Klass. "DEFECTIVE ALPHA REACTIVITY WITH MENTAL CONCENTRATION." Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology 14, no. 5 (September 1997): 445. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004691-199709000-00019.

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Westmoreland, Barbara F., and Donald W. Klass. "Defective Alpha Reactivity With Mental Concentration." Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology 15, no. 5 (September 1998): 424–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004691-199809000-00006.

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TSUANG, M. T., and S. N. LIN. "CUTIS VERTICIS GYRATA IN A CHINESE MENTAL DEFECTIVE." Journal of Intellectual Disability Research 18, no. 2 (June 28, 2008): 107–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2788.1974.tb01225.x.

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DIMITRI, RUTH B. "New Training Concepts for the Institutionalized Mental Defective." Australian Occupational Therapy Journal 6, no. 4 (August 27, 2010): 7–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1630.1959.tb00839.x.

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25

Caltagirone, C., A. Carlesimo, U. Nocentini, and S. Vicari. "Defective concept formation in parkinsonians is independent from mental deterioration." Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 52, no. 3 (March 1, 1989): 334–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.52.3.334.

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Kusmiyati, Kusmiyati. "Pendekatan Psikososial, Intervensi Fisik, Dan Perilaku Kognitif Dalam Desain Pembelajaran Pendidikan Jasmani Bagi Anak Dengan Retardasi Mental." Movement And Education 2, no. 1 (December 23, 2021): 74–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.37150/mae.v2i1.1426.

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Abstrak Artikel ini merupakan sebuah tulisan yang mencoba membahas tentang: (1) pengertian anak retardasi mental, (2) kharakteristik anak retardasi mental, (3) kendala-kendala anak retardasi mental, serta (4) pendekatan pembelajaran yang dapat diaplikasikan untuk anak retardasi mental agar menjadi anak yang mandiri dalam hidupnya serta mampu bersosialisasi dan bermasyarakat. Retardasi mental atau keterbelakangan mental menunjuk pada penejelasan khusus kepada anak-anak yang memiliki tingkat intelegensi di bawah rata-rata. Terdapat beberapa istilah lain dari retardasi mental ini, seperti: mentally retarded, mental defective, dan lain sebagainya. Retadasi mental terjadi ditandai dengan adanya keterbelakangan mental yang dibawah rata-rata. Hal ini timbul selama periode pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak sejak masih dalam kandungan. Keterbelakangan mental juga terjadi karena kelemahan dalam proses adaptasi dengan lingkungan selama masa tumbuh kembang.

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Willett, Thomas D. "The role of defective mental models in generating the global financial crisis." Journal of Financial Economic Policy 4, no. 1 (April 6, 2012): 41–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/17576381211206479.

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Park, Esther, Anthony G. Lau, Kristin L. Arendt, and Lu Chen. "FMRP Interacts with RARα in Synaptic Retinoic Acid Signaling and Homeostatic Synaptic Plasticity." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 12 (June 19, 2021): 6579. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22126579.

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The fragile X syndrome (FXS) is an X-chromosome-linked neurodevelopmental disorder with severe intellectual disability caused by inactivation of the fragile X mental retardation 1 (FMR1) gene and subsequent loss of the fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP). Among the various types of abnormal synaptic function and synaptic plasticity phenotypes reported in FXS animal models, defective synaptic retinoic acid (RA) signaling and subsequent defective homeostatic plasticity have emerged as a major synaptic dysfunction. However, the mechanism underlying the defective synaptic RA signaling in the absence of FMRP is unknown. Here, we show that RARα, the RA receptor critically involved in synaptic RA signaling, directly interacts with FMRP. This interaction is enhanced in the presence of RA. Blocking the interaction between FMRP and RARα with a small peptide corresponding to the critical binding site in RARα abolishes RA-induced increases in excitatory synaptic transmission, recapitulating the phenotype seen in the Fmr1 knockout mouse. Taken together, these data suggest that not only are functional FMRP and RARα necessary for RA-dependent homeostatic synaptic plasticity, but that the interaction between these two proteins is essential for proper transcription-independent RA signaling. Our results may provide further mechanistic understanding into FXS synaptic pathophysiology.

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EzhilVendhan, Dr K., Dr Kamala Balakrishnan, Dr Aparajita Gautam, and Dr Harshitha S. Logesh. "Laurence Moon Bardet Biedl Syndrome with Atypical Syndromic Retinitis Pigmentosa-A Rare Case Report." Scholars Journal of Medical Case Reports 9, no. 11 (November 30, 2021): 1109–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.36347/sjmcr.2021.v09i11.018.

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Laurence Moon Bardet Biedl syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive condition listed in the NORD (National Organisation for Rare Disorders) with only less than 15 cases reported all over India, affects children born to consanguineous parents. Early onset retinal dystrophy, obesity, limb abnormalities, mental retardation, hypogonadism, and renal illness being a few symptoms. Here is a case of 19-year-old male with this rare genetic disorder who presented with complaints of night blindness and defective vision since 2 years. On ocular examination both eye fundus showed atypical retinitis pigmentosa. On systemic examination patient had central obesity, polydactyly, mental retardation, hypogonadism, speech disorder, developmental delay and ataxia.

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Manunzo, Francesca, and Giampaolo Pintor. "Stalking, mental disease, imputability: Thoughts on 20 cases." Rivista di Psicopatologia Forense, Medicina Legale, Criminologia 23, no. 1 (May 17, 2018): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/psyco.2018.25.

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Stalking is the product of an interaction between context (including the dyadic relationship between stalker and victim) and individual factors such as psychopathology. Those who have stalking behaviour are often affected by mental disorders that may have a direct or indirect role in committing stalking. Literature reports that stalkers of former partners represent the widest sub-category of stalkers. A 2003 study indicates an average percentage of 49% stalkers of former partners reported in 40, showing a significant diversity of stalking behaviours with a faster wearing out rate. Several studies indicate a greater prevalence of psychosis among those who persecute strangers or acquaintances compared to stalkers of former partners (25% vs 11%). Some studies, besides the present survey, indicate a high prevalence of not otherwise specified Personality Disorders in stalkers, suggesting that stalking behaviour may be associated with several personality traits of various disorders. This study aims at finding empirical evidence to the data reported by the relevant scientific literature. We examined the expert surveys of 20 stalkers subjected to psychiatric-forensic evaluation for the crime of stalking (article 612/bis) in the years 2016/2017, drawn up by the Forensic Psychiatry Service in Cagliari. Through a specific grid, which allowed to guarantee anonymity and that stalkers could not be identified, they analyzed some demographic variables (age, sex, marital status, educational qualification), stalkers’ diagnoses, victims’ typology, types of stalking performed, paying a particular attention to violence manifestations, stalking duration and some psychiatric-forensic data. Our survey has highlighted that 19 stalkers (95%) are males, do not have a stable affective relationship and had to refer at least once to the Mental Health Service; (70%) of stalkers are unemployed or retired. From the psychiatric-forensic point of view, 14 stalkers (70%) are partially mind defective, 5 (25%) are totally mind defective, 1 has been recognized as mentally incompetent; 13 (65%) are socially dangerous. Furthermore, 45% of stalkers are affected by not otherswise specified (NOS) Personality Disorder. The prevalent diagnoses (Axis I) detected are: 8 stalkers (40%), are affected by Substance Use Disorder, 6 (30%), Bipolar and related disorders, 5 (25%) Spectrum Disorders of Schizophrenia and other Psychotic Disorders; 45% of victims of stalking are former partners. Due to the high possibility that stalkers develop a violent behaviour, present in half of the stalkers of former partners, and the chance of crime recidivism, in particular among stalkers affected by Personality Disorder, the Service of Forensic Psychiatry in Cagliari, in agreement with the Court, is drawing up guidelines that provide for the establishment of proper services where to follow the stalkers in order to limit recidivism of this crime.

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Michel, C. I. "Defective Neuronal Development in the Mushroom Bodies of Drosophila Fragile X Mental Retardation 1 Mutants." Journal of Neuroscience 24, no. 25 (June 23, 2004): 5798–809. http://dx.doi.org/10.1523/jneurosci.1102-04.2004.

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Baxi, Kalgi, Ashish Jagati, and Pooja Agarwal. "Mucopolysachharidosis-II: A Rare Case Report." Nepal Journal of Dermatology, Venereology & Leprology 18, no. 1 (October 8, 2020): 80–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njdvl.v18i1.25996.

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Mucopolysaccharidosis belongs to a group of metabolic disorders caused by absence or defective activity of lysosomal enzymes. Mucopolysaccharides are major components of intercellular connective tissue and defect in their metabolism leads to an accumulation of incompletely degraded mucopolysaccharides in the lysosomes which affect various body systems through enzymatic activity. We present a case of mucopolysaccharidosis type II with hallmark cutaneous features, mild mental retardation associated with radiological changes.

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Di Rosa, Mirko, Sonia D’Alia, Francesco Guarasci, Luca Soraci, Elisa Pierpaoli, Federica Lenci, Maddalena Ricci, et al. "Cognitive Impairment, Chronic Kidney Disease, and 1-Year Mortality in Older Patients Discharged from Acute Care Hospital." Journal of Clinical Medicine 9, no. 7 (July 12, 2020): 2202. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9072202.

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The prognostic interaction between chronic kidney disease (CKD) and cognitive impairment is still to be elucidated. We investigated the potential interaction of overall cognitive impairment or defective constructional praxis and CKD in predicting 1-year mortality among 646 older patients discharged from hospital. The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated using the Berlin Initiative Study (BIS) equation. Cognitive impairment was assessed by the Mini Mental State Exam (MMSE) and defective constructional praxis was ascertained by the inherent MMSE item. The study outcome was 1-year mortality. Statistical analysis was carried out using Cox regression. After adjusting for potential confounders, the co-occurrence of eGFR <30 and overall cognitive impairment (Hazard Ratio (HR) = 3.12, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) = 1.26–7.77) and defective constructional praxis (HR = 2.50, 95% CI = 1.08–5.77) were associated with the outcome. No significant prognostic interaction of eGFR < 30 with either overall cognitive impairment (HR = 1.99, 95% CI = 0.38–10.3) or constructional apraxia (HR = 1.68, 95% CI = 0.33–8.50) was detectable, while only cognitive deficits were found significantly associated with the outcome in the interaction models (HR = 3.12, 95% CI = 1.45–6.71 for overall cognitive impairment and HR = 2.16, 95% CI = 1.05–4.45 for constructional apraxia). Overall cognitive impairment and defective constructional praxis may be associated with increased risk of 1-year mortality among older hospitalized patients with severe CKD. However, no significant prognostic interaction between CKD and cognitive impairment could be observed.

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Pierpaoli, Chiara, Luigi Ferrante, Nicoletta Foschi, Simona Lattanzi, Riccardo Sansonetti, Gabriele Polonara, Massimo Mari, Bernardo Nardi, and Mara Fabri. "Mental Rotation Ability: Right or Left Hemisphere Competence? What We Can Learn from Callosotomized and Psychotic Patients." Symmetry 12, no. 7 (July 7, 2020): 1137. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym12071137.

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Mental rotation is an abstract operation whereby a person imagines rotating an object or a body part to place it in a different position. The ability to perform mental rotation was attributed to right hemisphere for objects, to the left for one’s own body images. Mental rotation seems to be basic for imitation in anatomical mode. Previous studies showed that control subjects, callosotomized and psychotic patients chose the mirror-mode when imitating without instructions; when asked to use the same or opposite limb as the model, controls chose the anatomical mode, callosotomized patients mainly used mirror mode, psychotic patients were in between. The preference of callosotomized subjects is likely due to defective mental rotation, because of the lack of the corpus callosum (CC), thus suggesting an asymmetry in the hemispheric competence for mental rotation. Present research investigated the mental rotation ability in control subjects, callosotomized and psychotic patients. All subjects were shown pictures of a model, in first or third person perspective, with a cup in her right or left hand. They had to indicate which model’s hand held the cup, by answering with a verbal or motor modality in separate experimental sessions. In both sessions, control subjects produced 99% of correct responses, callosotomy patients 62%, and psychotic patients 91%. The difference was statistically significant, suggesting a role of the CC in the integration of the two hemispheres’ asymmetric functions in mental rotation.

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Brewer, George, Steve H. Kanzer, Earl Zimmerman, Susan Heckman, and David Newsome. "P4-317: Alzheimer's Patients Exhibit Defective Serum Ceruloplasmin Associated with Defective Copper Binding." Alzheimer's & Dementia 5, no. 4S_Part_17 (July 2009): e23-e24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jalz.2009.07.096.

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Schiltz, K., K. C. Zierhut, and B. Bogerts. "P03-125 - Memory dysfunction and defective novelty detection in schizophrenia." European Psychiatry 25 (2010): 1105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(10)71094-4.

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Cardoso, L., F. Marins, R. Magalhães, N. Marins, T. Oliveira, H. Vicente, A. Abelha, J. Machado, and J. Neves. "Abstract Computation in Schizophrenia Detection through Artificial Neural Network Based Systems." Scientific World Journal 2015 (2015): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/467178.

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Schizophrenia stands for a long-lasting state of mental uncertainty that may bring to an end the relation among behavior, thought, and emotion; that is, it may lead to unreliable perception, not suitable actions and feelings, and a sense of mental fragmentation. Indeed, its diagnosis is done over a large period of time; continuos signs of the disturbance persist for at least 6 (six) months. Once detected, the psychiatrist diagnosis is made through the clinical interview and a series of psychic tests, addressed mainly to avoid the diagnosis of other mental states or diseases. Undeniably, the main problem with identifying schizophrenia is the difficulty to distinguish its symptoms from those associated to different untidiness or roles. Therefore, this work will focus on the development of a diagnostic support system, in terms of its knowledge representation and reasoning procedures, based on a blended of Logic Programming and Artificial Neural Networks approaches to computing, taking advantage of a novel approach to knowledge representation and reasoning, which aims to solve the problems associated in the handling (i.e., to stand for and reason) of defective information.

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Sun, Zeyuan, Yue Zhou, Yinan Zhang, Bing Gui, and Zhenmi Liu. "Exploring Deeper Causes Linking Adolescents’ Mental Disorders to Mobile Phone Use Problems: Grounded Theory Approach." JMIR Formative Research 6, no. 2 (February 21, 2022): e31089. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/31089.

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Background Evidence from a variety of studies link mobile phone use with an increase in mental health problems, with the situation being particularly prevalent in China and exacerbated by the COVID-19 quarantine. Objective This study aims to reveal underlying connections between mobile phone use and mental disorders of adolescents, and to develop a theory to help parents and counseling psychologists better understand and intervene in future cases. Methods A total of 37 teenagers having both mental health and mobile phone use problems, along with their parents, were included for individual interviews. These interviews were transcribed, coded, and analyzed using qualitative methods of grounded theory. Results The grades-ranking-first mentality is one of the main factors causing problems such as defective family bonding and peer influences, pushing teenagers with mental disorders to seek comfort in the virtual world through their cellphones. Conclusions The idea proposed in this study is not only inspiring for psychological counseling and therapy on adolescents with mental problems but also beneficial for school educators and parents to better understand the adolescents. The findings of the study are also particularly noteworthy in the postpandemic age, where parents whose work locations and schedules are substantially affected due to any emergencies should try to build a relaxing and cozy atmosphere at home to avoid possible conflicts with adolescents.

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Tsohatzidis, Savas L. "Emotional states and linguistic events." Pragmatics and Cognition 1, no. 2 (January 1, 1993): 229–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/pc.1.2.02tso.

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This paper intends to contribute to the evaluation of the project of analyzing speech act concepts in terms of mental state concepts, by examining Searle's and Vanderveken's proposed analyses of certain types of illocutionary acts as expressions of corresponding types of emotional states. It is argued that the proposed analyses are all defective, that the assumptions about underlying speech act/mental state parallelisms from which their initial plausibility might be taken to derive are themselves mistaken, and that the fact that they have been proposed at all betrays insufficient attention to the distinction between semanti-cally and pragmatically determined aspects of utterance interpretation. It is concluded that these results disturb both the overall structure of Searle's and Vanderveken's theory of speech acts, and the logic of several other similarly reductionist claims in the philosophy of language.

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Greenblatt, Ethan J., and Allan C. Spradling. "Fragile X mental retardation 1 gene enhances the translation of large autism-related proteins." Science 361, no. 6403 (August 16, 2018): 709–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aas9963.

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Mutations in the fragile X mental retardation 1 gene (FMR1) cause the most common inherited human autism spectrum disorder. FMR1 influences messenger RNA (mRNA) translation, but identifying functional targets has been difficult. We analyzed quiescent Drosophila oocytes, which, like neural synapses, depend heavily on translating stored mRNA. Ribosome profiling revealed that FMR1 enhances rather than represses the translation of mRNAs that overlap previously identified FMR1 targets, and acts preferentially on large proteins. Human homologs of at least 20 targets are associated with dominant intellectual disability, and 30 others with recessive neurodevelopmental dysfunction. Stored oocytes lacking FMR1 usually generate embryos with severe neural defects, unlike stored wild-type oocytes, which suggests that translation of multiple large proteins by stored mRNAs is defective in fragile X syndrome and possibly other autism spectrum disorders.

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Hermans, Erno J., and Jack van Honk. "Toward a framework for defective emotion processing in social phobia." Cognitive Neuropsychiatry 11, no. 3 (May 2006): 307–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13546800500213993.

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Allen, P., L. C. Johns, C. Fu, M. R. Broome, P. K. McGuire, and N. Vjthelingum. "Auditory hallucinations are not simply due to defective self-monitoring." Schizophrenia Research 60, no. 1 (March 2003): 164. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0920-9964(03)81018-6.

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Ritchie, Kieran, Claudia Seah, Jana Moulin, Christian Isaac, Frederick Dick, and Nathalie G. Bérubé. "Loss of ATRX leads to chromosome cohesion and congression defects." Journal of Cell Biology 180, no. 2 (January 28, 2008): 315–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200706083.

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αThalassemia/mental retardation X linked (ATRX) is a switch/sucrose nonfermenting-type ATPase localized at pericentromeric heterochromatin in mouse and human cells. Human ATRX mutations give rise to mental retardation syndromes characterized by developmental delay, facial dysmorphisms, cognitive deficits, and microcephaly and the loss of ATRX in the mouse brain leads to reduced cortical size. We find that ATRX is required for normal mitotic progression in human cultured cells and in neuroprogenitors. Using live cell imaging, we show that the transition from prometaphase to metaphase is prolonged in ATRX-depleted cells and is accompanied by defective sister chromatid cohesion and congression at the metaphase plate. We also demonstrate that loss of ATRX in the embryonic mouse brain induces mitotic defects in neuroprogenitors in vivo with evidence of abnormal chromosome congression and segregation. These findings reveal that ATRX contributes to chromosome dynamics during mitosis and provide a possible cellular explanation for reduced cortical size and abnormal brain development associated with ATRX deficiency.

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Iqbal, K., T. Zaidi, GY Wen, I. Grundke-Iqbal, PA Merz, SS Shaikh, HM Wisniewski, I. AlafuzofT, and B. Winblad. "Defective brain microtubule assembly in Alzheimer??s disease." Alzheimer Disease & Associated Disorders 1, no. 3 (1987): 201–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00002093-198701030-00017.

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Fithri, Prima. "SIX SIGMA SEBAGAI ALAT PENGENDALIAN MUTU PADA HASIL PRODUKSI KAIN MENTAH PT UNITEX, TBK." J@ti Undip : Jurnal Teknik Industri 14, no. 1 (May 21, 2019): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jati.14.1.43-52.

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PT Unitex merupakan perusahaan manufaktur yang bergerak di industri tekstil yang mengolah kapas menjadi kain jadi. Departemen tenun adalah salah satu departemen di PT Unitex, yang memproses benang menjadi kain mentah. Seringnya terjadi permasalahan terhadap pengendalian mutu yang tidak mencapai target di Departemen Tenun, menyebabkan peningkatan waktu pemrosesan produk untuk memperbaiki produk yang cacat juga akan berdampak pada jumlah produksi. Untuk itu penelitian dilakukan dengan mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis proses pengendalian mutu untuk mengetahui faktor utama penyebab terjadinya produk cacat sehingga didapatkan ususlan untuk mengurangi jumlah produk cacat pada hasil produksi. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Metode Six Sigma, dengan langkah-langkah Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control (DMAIC). Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan, didapatkan nilai Defect per Million Opportunity yang diperoleh adalah sebesar 181.67 dan nilai Sigma sebesar 5.07. Dengan nilai sigma sebesar 5.07 berarti Departmen Tenun telah mencapai tingkat industri rata-rata USA. Tapi masih ada cacat yang terjadi dari satu juta peluang. Untuk memaksimalkan kontrol kualitas, rekomendasinya adalah untuk memperkuat pengawasan kepada operator, memprioritaskan pemeriksaan mesin, dan menekankan ketersediaan suku cadang mesin, terutama yang rentan terhadap kerusakan.AbstractPT Unitex is a manufacturing company engaged in the textile industry. Processing carried out at PT Unitex is processing cotton into finished cloth. The Weaving Department is one of the departments at PT Unitex, which processes yarn into raw fabrics. The most frequent and most noticed problem in the Weaving Department is the quality control problem that often does not reach the target. In addition, this also causes an increase in product processing time to repair defective products which will also have an impact on the amount of production. For this reason, this research is carried out by identifying and analyzing the quality control process to determine the main factors causing the occurrence of defective products so that will reduce the number of defective products in the production. The method used in this study is the Six Sigma Method, with steps Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control (DMAIC). As soon as the calculation is done, the Defect per Million Opportunity (DPMO) value obtained is 181.67 and the Sigma value is 5.07. With a sigma value of 5.07, Weaving Department has reached the average industry level of the USA. But there are still defects that occur from one million opportunities. To maximize quality control, the recommendations are to strengthen supervision of operators, prioritize inspection of machinery, and emphasize the availability of machine parts, especially those that are vulnerable to damage.Keywords: DPMO; Six Sigma; Production; Quality Control; Weaving Department

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Wilson, A. S., and H. B. Lee. "Hypothesis relevant to defective position sense in a damaged knee." Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 49, no. 12 (December 1, 1986): 1462–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.49.12.1462.

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Christos, P., H. Patel, B. A. Chioza, K. Dick, A. Al-Memar, Z. M. A. Chrzanowksa-Lightowlers, H. Cross, M. A. Patton, R. N. Lightowlers, and A. H. Crosby. "07 Defective mitochondrial mRNA maturation is associated with spastic ataxia." Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 82, no. 3 (February 15, 2011): e1-e1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.2010.235572.7.

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Nishio, Y., H. Kazui, M. Hashimoto, K. Shimizu, K. Onouchi, S. Mochio, K. Suzuki, and E. Mori. "Actions anchored by concepts: defective action comprehension in semantic dementia." Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 77, no. 12 (July 25, 2006): 1313–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.2006.096297.

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Curtis, Melanie, and Lionel Standing. "THE DECISION TO ABORT: NO SEX-ROLE BIAS, AND LITTLE ENTHUSIASM." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 20, no. 4 (January 1, 1992): 237–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.1992.20.4.237.

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The hypothetical decision to abort a genetically defective fetus was studied as a function of the subject's gender, the gender of the fetus, and the nature of the fetal impairment (physical versus mental defect). A questionnaire technique was employed, with a sample of students (N = 181) who were asked to imagine that they faced this decision themselves. No evidence was found for sex-role bias with regard to the gender of the fetus, or its interaction with type of defect. The only significant factor found was that females were more opposed to aborting than males. Both males and females expressed a wide range of attitudes, but showed anti-abortion views overall.

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HALLETT, STEPHEN, DAVID QUINN, and JOHN HEWITT. "Defective Interhemispheric Integration and Anomalous Language Lateralization in Children at Risk for Schizophrenia." Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 174, no. 7 (July 1986): 418–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005053-198607000-00006.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Mental defectives'

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