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1
Silva, Renato Izidoro da. "O impossível material de algumas proposições para a realidade da educação escolar indígena: aporias, alquimias e ideologias." Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação da UFBA, 2011. http://www.repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/11743.
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Trata da educação escolar indígena acerca da configuração de sua realidade contemporânea. Sugerimos como hipótese central que a educação escolar indígena contemporânea apresenta como sendo uma de suas facetas mais relevantes e possivelmente hegemônicas em relação a outros direcionamentos nesse campo, a constituição e desenvolvimento profícuo de uma realidade científica confluente com o privilégio e a ênfase que nossa sociedade nacional e globalizada investe sobre a produção de ciência, cultura, política e economia na forma de textos e literaturas fundamentalmente codificadas a partir da escrita, designando a modernidade ocidental como sendo grafocêntrica alfabética em detrimento de outros modos de informação, comunicação, pensamento e práticas próprias de outras formas de sociedade como o caso das etnias indígenas. Defendemos que a prerrogativa empreendida em prol do desenvolvimento textual ou literário grafocentrado no sistema alfabético de comunicação governamental e acadêmico provoca um distanciamento do pensamento e da ação cientifica que se anunciam como comprometidos com as realidades mundanas, objetiva, material – em oposição ao ideal – realista das escolas indígenas cada vez mais presentes e participantes da vida comunitária das inúmeras e diversas etnias habitantes do território político e econômico brasileiro. O privilégio sobre as produções textuais tem como guia hodierno quatro conceitos legislativos e também científicos fundamentais para a configuração teórica e prática da educação escolar indígena: interculturalidade, bilinguismo, diferenciada e específica. Em sendo o centro motriz das experiências e análises acadêmicas e políticas sobre a educação escolar indígena, tais conceitos surgem e são assim reforçados como proposições teóricas e políticas para o desenvolvimento de intervenções educacionais no seio das aldeias indígenas tomando como ambiente privilegiado a escola. Entretanto, os incontáveis fracassos, os diversos efeitos colaterais teóricos e metodológicos provocados pelas aplicações das proposições legislativas; o agravamento de situações específicas junto a um imenso conjunto de mal-entendidos ao lado do acirramento de contradições filosóficas, ideológicas, políticas, econômicas, científicas, críticas e experimentais fizeram com que passássemos a desconfiar – e investigar as – das possibilidades objetivas de realização dos referidos conceitos fundamentais fora dos campos de produções imaginárias – mentais – e textuais concebidas aqui como virtuais, assim como impossíveis de realização dentro das dinâmicas mundanas das comunidades indígenas, suas escolas e seus sujeitos. Em suma, os excelentes e esclarecedores desdobramentos das produções textuais e literárias sobre educação escolar indígena, assim como por esse meio a produção e aperfeiçoamento de instrumentos teórico-metodológicos e técnicotecnológicos cada vez mais complexos e arrojados, não vêm correspondendo com as aparências superestruturais e com as bases infra-estruturais da vida indígena na Modernidade. Assim, a dúvida que passou a nos acometer toma a forma de perguntas como: não seriam os quatro conceitos fundamentais da educação escolar indígena atual aporias e ideologias cujas tentativas de efetivação não seriam esquadrinhadas pelo que entendemos por práticas da alquimia? Nesse sentido, a partir de pensadores como Bachelard, Peirce e Marx/Gramsci sugerimos como práxis o estabelecimento de experimentações cada vez mais radicais e controladas dos mencionados quatro conceitos fundamentais em contextos particulares de educação escolar indígena não em prol da afirmação dos mesmos, mas sim em favor de um ponto de vista científico que tem como garantia de um conhecimento aproximado do real a dúvida e a desconfiança sobre as proposições teóricas geralmente tidas como imutáveis e necessárias.
Salvador
2
Bohman, Martin. "Tänk mer, spela mindre? : En studie om hur mental övning kan påverka inlärning och utförande av musikaliskt material." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Musikhögskolan, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-67557.
3
Black, Amelia Kathleen. "Language Translation for Mental Health Materials: A Comparison of Current Back-Translation and Skopostheorie-Based Methods." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2018. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6720.
Abstract:
As mental health professionals seek to disseminate information in many languages in order to meet the needs of an increasingly diverse population, it is important to consider the methods of written translation that the field is choosing to employ. The method chosen for translation can affect the accuracy and usability of the translated text. This study begins with a survey of current literature, the results of which suggest that the most popular translation method in the mental health field is back-translation, a translation method based in the premise that translating a text back into its original English after it has been translated into a second language provides an accurate indication of the success of the translation. This study then compares back-translation with an alternative translation approach based in skopostheorie, an area of translation theory that asserts that translational activity should be ultimately grounded in the purpose of the translation rather than the objective equivalency of the source and target texts. Each of the two approaches is applied separately in the translation of the Centers for Disease Control's handout, "Helping Parents Cope with Disaster," into Spanish and Chinese. The two resulting target texts for each language are compared in terms of linguistic equivalence by review committees and compared in terms of usability by individuals from the target audiences. Feedback from reviewers and audience members in both languages suggest that the skopostheorie based approach to translation may facilitate higher quality translation than back-translation in terms of both equivalence and usability. Suggestions for mental health professionals engaging in translation are then offered, as well as directions for future research.
4
Deguara, Michael C. "Feel it and deal with it : mental health practitioners' experiences of exposure to the trauma material of survivor clients /." St. Lucia, Qld, 2003. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe17280.pdf.
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Broström, Emilia. "What a man can be, he must be : En kvantitativ studie i postmateriella värderingars påverkan på psykisk ohälsa i olika välfärdsstatsregimer." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-295696.
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In an economically developing world, the process of modernization has been proven to change people’s cultural and political values. Political scientists Ronald Inglehart and Christian Wetzel’s revised theory of modernization shows evidence that people’s political and cultural values move along two dimensions in a predictable pattern. Economic development shift people’s values from traditional and survival toward more secular-rational and self- expressive. This rise in post-material values has unknown effects on people’s mental health. Using Esping-Andersen’s theory on welfare state regimes the aim of this study is to both examine what effect post-material values have on mental health and, furthermore, if this effect plays out differently in different welfare state regimes. This was done using regression analysis based on data from a large number of countries from all over the world. The results of the analysis show that a rise in post-material values is positively correlated with worse mental health. But when welfare state regimes were brought into the model the relationship between post-material values and mental health did not stay the same but varied in its effect across the different regimes. The conservative welfare state regime stood out as the regime in which post-material values generated the worst mental health. On the whole, results indicate that the relationship between post-material values, welfare state regimes and mental health is a very complex relationship that is in need of further examination.
6
Escobal, Giovana. "Escolha e desempenho no trabalho de adultos com deficiência mental." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/2961.
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Previous issue date: 2007-02-23Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
Choice making is a fundamental skill for all individuals. Choice opportunities are related with important questions of human development, and of paramount importance to the development of clinical and educational programs for mentally retarded individuals. Despite its practical importance, little is known about the effects that choice may have in the work environment of this population. In this study, choice was investigated under two conditions: with and without environmental work support. Work performance was assessed as a function of conditions chosen. First, four mentally retarded adults learned to perform a work task under those two conditions. The task consisted of assembling notebook covers. An MDF (medium density fiber) board measuring 30cm by 40 cm, was employed as work support and displayed several low relief recipients to suit its different components and was designed to provide immediate feedback, to increase or maintain the rate of work response and to prevent errors during the task routine. A number of small pieces of paper, 2cm by 2cm, in different colors, pieces of thin cardboard, 10cm by 8cm, glue sticks, candies and chocolate bars previously chosen by the participants in preference tests were used. The study took place in quiet, well lit and ventilated room at the participants institution, isolated from other workshop clients. Following initial training the participants worked individually either under multiple schedules or under concurrent-chain schedules according to a multiple-element design. When the multiple schedules condition was on, the components were either presence or absence of work support, quasi-randomly distributed. Under the concurrent-chain schedules conditions a FR-1 was used on the first link, and either one of the two work alternatives, on the second link. Throughout the study, whenever the participant presented an error, verbal, gestual prompts and model were provided. Initially verbal prompts were provided and, if necessary, by gestual, verbal plus gestual prompts, and model, in this sequence, until the target responses were emitted. In relation to the parameters analyzed, the number of errors and prompts were higher working without work support than working with it, during the teaching phase. Baseline on task performance, under multiple schedules, showed prompts lower in the work support component in relation to the no work support component. Under concurrent chain schedule, however, the percentage of prompts under work support was higher in relation to the no work support alternative. As far as time spent to complete the task, in the teaching phase, two participants finished the work activity faster in the component without support. During baseline on task performance, under multiple schedules and chain concurrent schedules, three participants finished the task faster working with the work support. The results showed a preference for the work support alternative for two participants, while the other two distributed their choices evenly between the two alternatives. With the work support, time on task was relatively lower as compared to the no work support. The number of errors by P3 was different from the other participants, who showed a much smaller number of errors evenly distributed between the experimental conditions. Working with support was preferable from the participant s point of view. Besides that, under supported work, participants finished the task faster and the number of errors was kept in a low level. The participants could choose independently of his performance in the parameters analyzed. The study brings a contribution to vocational training programs for the severely retarded and to the development of a common interface with the areas of Behavior Analysis, Special Education and Ergonomics and brings practical implications for the design of teach procedures for mentally retarded.
A habilidade de fazer boas escolhas é fundamental para o sucesso da adaptação de indivíduos em seu ambiente social e relaciona-se com importantes questões de programação de ensino e de tratamento clínico para deficientes mentais. Apesar dessa importância, pouco se sabe sobre seus efeitos em ambientes de trabalho para esses indivíduos. O presente estudo analisou o comportamento de escolha de indivíduos deficientes mentais sob duas condições de trabalho e avaliou a influência da situação de escolha e de não escolha sobre parâmetros de desempenho nessas condições. Quatro indivíduos deficientes mentais adultos aprenderam uma tarefa de trabalho com e sem arranjo instrucional. A tarefa consistia em montar capas de blocos de anotações por meio da colagem de pedaços de papel dobradura sobre papel cartão. O arranjo, desenvolvido para a tarefa de trabalho, continha dispositivos para colocação de papel, fundo de capas de bloco de anotações e cola. Seu objetivo foi prover assistência imediata, aumentar ou manter a freqüência do comportamento e prevenir erros na rotina da tarefa. Em seguida, os participantes realizaram a tarefa alternadamente, sob esquemas múltiplos de reforçamento, ou sob esquemas concorrentes com encadeamento, organizados em um delineamento experimental de múltiplos elementos. Nos esquemas múltiplos, os componentes se alternavam de forma quase randômica e diferiam com relação à presença ou ausência do arranjo instrucional. Nos esquemas concorrentes com encadeamento, o participante pôde escolher, no primeiro elo, sob esquemas de razão fixa (FR 1), a alternativa, com ou sem arranjo instrucional, com a qual trabalharia no segundo elo. O desempenho sob esquemas múltiplos, sem escolha do componente, foi comparado com o desempenho sob esquemas concorrentes com encadeamento, em que os participantes puderam escolher a alternativa com que iriam trabalhar para verificar a função da escolha sobre o desempenho nas alternativas, com e sem arranjo. Ao longo de todas as fases do estudo, à medida que o participante apresentasse erros, eram fornecidas instruções verbais, gestuais, e modelo. Inicialmente eram apresentadas instruções verbais, seguidas de gestuais e modelo, até que a resposta correta fosse emitida. Na fase de ensino, os participantes aprenderam os seis passos da tarefa e houve maior quantidade de instrução na presença do componente A, sem arranjo. Na fase de linha de base, nas tentativas com esquemas múltiplos, houve maior quantidade de instrução na presença do componente A; e nas tentativas com esquemas concorrentes com encadeamento, houve maior quantidade de instrução na alternativa com arranjo. Nessa, tanto em esquemas múltiplos como em esquemas concorrentes com encadeamento, três dos participantes concluíram a tarefa mais rapidamente quando na presença do arranjo. Na situação de escolha, dois participantes apresentaram preferência pela alternativa com arranjo, enquanto dois distribuíram suas escolhas igualmente entre as duas alternativas. Três dos quatro participantes apresentaram um número de erros bastante reduzido e relativamente bem distribuído dentre as alternativas. A alternativa com arranjo instrucional mostrou ser uma opção preferível, sob o ponto de vista do indivíduo com deficiência mental. Além disso, trabalhando na presença do arranjo, os participantes concluíram a tarefa mais rapidamente e mantiveram o número de erros em nível baixo. A escolha foi exercida, portanto, sem prejuízo de seu desempenho nos parâmetros analisados. O estudo contribui para o desenvolvimento de programas de capacitação profissional do deficiente mental severo e traz implicações práticas importantes para o planejamento de ensino para essa população.
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Melin, Matilda. "Hur visuellt material används för att påverka känslor och upplevelser i stunden : En analys av nio Instagraminlägg på temat välmående." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Institutionen för konst, kultur och kommunikation (K3), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-43958.
Abstract:
I denna uppsats undersöks och analyseras nio Instagraminlägg på temat välmående utifrån teorin om visuell perception och visuellt berättande. Syftet är att undersöka hur företag, med Instagraminlägg på temat välmående, kan ge personer verktyg att förbättra sitt eget välmående. Frågeställningen som uppsatsen söker svar på är; Hur kan Instagraminlägg på temat välmående användas för att påverka känslor och upplevelser positivt i stunden? En kvalitativ fokusgruppsintervju används för att undersöka fyra individers upplevelser och känslor kring inläggen. Resultatet av undersökningen visar att ansiktsuttryck är ett bra medel för att få deltagarna att reflektera över sitt eget mående. När ansiktsuttrycken inte passar ihop med text och sammanhang upplevs inlägget som förvirrande även om färgerna i sig kändes lugnande eller upplyftande. Till vidare forskning hade det därför varit intressant att undersöka mer kring hur och varför ansiktsuttryck påverkar välmåendet.
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Katzenbach, Michael. "Individual Approaches in Rich Learning Situations Material-based Learning with Pinboards." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-80328.
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Active Approaches provide chances for individual, comprehension-oriented learning and can facilitate the acquirement of general mathematical competencies. Using the example of pinboards, which were developed for different areas of the secondary level, workshop participants experience, discuss and further develop learning tasks, which can be used for free activities, for material based concept
formation, for coping with heterogeneity, for intelligent exercises, as tool for the presentation of students’ work and as basis for games. The material also allows some continuous movements and can thus prepare an insightful usage of dynamic geometry programs. Central Part of the workshop is a work-sharing group work with learning tasks for grades 5 to 8. The workshop will close with a discussion of general aspects of material-based learning.
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Webb, Rebecca. "Maternal mental health, processing of emotion and maternal sensitivity." Thesis, City, University of London, 2017. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/21219/.
Abstract:
Background: Research suggests that postnatal affective disorders such as anxiety, depression and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are associated with lower levels of maternal sensitivity. Understanding the mechanisms through which maternal affective disorders influence maternal sensitivity is important as it could lead to more tailored effective interventions to improve outcomes for women and their infants. One mechanism that is yet to be explored is the way in which mothers' process infant-related information. This thesis therefore developed a cognitive model that aimed to examine this mechanism. Aim: The aim of this thesis was to test this cognitive model of maternal sensitivity using a range of experimental, observational and questionnaire studies. The model proposed that maternal affective symptoms would be associated with maternal processing of infant-related information, which in turn would be associated with maternal sensitivity. Methods & Results: The aims were addressed through a systematic review and a study of women with (n = 23) and without (n = 47) affective symptoms and their infants (aged 2-8 months) after birth. The systematic review found that mothers with perinatal affective disorders are faster to disengage from sad infant faces and are more accurate at identifying sadness in infant faces (Article 1). To assess how mothers process infant-related information, validated pictures of infants' emotional faces were needed. Therefore, a validated set of infant emotional expressions was created and validated on student midwives and nurses and members of the general public. The images were found to have high criterion validity and good test-retest reliability (Article 2). Mothers processing of infant-related information and its relationship with maternal sensitivity was tested using a series of questionnaires, computerised and observational tasks. Results are reported in Articles 3, 4 and 5. Conclusion: Overall, the cognitive model of maternal sensitivity was only partly supported, in that maternal affective symptoms explained more of the variance of maternal sensitivity than maternal processing of infant-related information. Despite this, the work in this thesis provides a novel contribution to the literature by developing and testing a model based on previous research and by using robust measures such as eye-tracking technology and observational measures of mother-infant interaction. However, interpretation of the data is hindered due to methodological issues such as small sample sizes, homogeneous sample and demand characteristics. Therefore, more research is needed to test this model on a larger, more heterogenous sample.
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Shaeffer, Megan K. "A Social History of Hoarding Behavior." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1333842460.
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Steadman, Joanna. "Maternal mental illness, mother-infant interactions and maternal cognitive functioning." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.442852.
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Pasquim, Heitor Martins. "Lazer na área de drogas: construção coletiva de crítica e de práticas emancipatórias." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/7/7141/tde-28062017-083922/.
Abstract:
Introdução: O objeto desta tese é a potencialidade educativa do lazer para gerar crítica sobre a ideologia do consumo problemático de drogas. Revisão bibliográfica sobre o lazer em unidades de saúde mostrou que ele é reconhecido como espaço para recreação ou como atividade que ocupa o tempo. A maior parte dos artigos científicos relatava objetivos funcionalistas para o lazer, o que remete ao lazer viciado, conceito cunhado para designar a forma hegemônica do lazer capitalista na área de drogas. Os aplicativos para dispositivos móveis e os jogos educativos sobre drogas analisados não incentivavam a discussão do processo de produção de drogas lícitas e ilícitas, tampouco abordavam o consumo problemático de drogas como consequência de relações sociais alienadas e do mal-estar contemporâneo. Apesar da potencialidade educativa que os jogos e os aplicativos oferecem, as finalidades detectadas reiteravam posições amplamente criticadas no campo da saúde, filiadas ao proibicionismo e à guerra às drogas. Objetivo: Construir arcabouço teórico-metodológico para uma proposta crítica ao lazer viciado da área de drogas. Parte-se da perspectiva da saúde coletiva para compreender os problemas relacionados ao consumo de drogas como determinados socialmente e por isso, intimamente, ligados à totalidade social, expressando-se como sintomas de conflitos, que indivíduos e grupos sociais enfrentam no cotidiano. Método: Realizou-se pesquisa-ação com trabalhadores da saúde mental, por meio de oficinas emancipatórias, coerentes com a epistemologia materialista histórico-dialética. Resultados: As oficinas emancipatórias permitiram transformação de representações cotidianas, assim como, identificação de convicções de trabalhadores da saúde mental. Entre estas estavam: a concepção enraizada da dependência química, da educação sobre drogas como prevenção ao uso e do lazer como atividade terapêutica. São representações ilusórias que tomam o consumo de drogas como doença. Os resultados afirmam a necessidade de construção de práticas críticas à ideologia da doença mental e comportamental do consumo de drogas. Conclusões: Fundamentado na perspectiva da saúde coletiva, o arcabouço teórico-metodológico concebido nesta pesquisa propõe a realização de oficinas emancipatórias de lazer em serviços de saúde e intersetorialmente nos serviços de educação, entre outros, que trabalham com a temática do consumo de drogas, mantida a coerência com o referencial teórico, que propõe a crítica a relações sociais alienadas. Essa estratégia pode se valer de conteúdos lúdicos, esportivos, culturais, entre outros. Advoga-se que o processo educativo tem potencial emancipatório se for radicalmente participativo; e que as formas contemporâneas de vivenciar o tempo de não trabalho, que compõem as estratégias de alívio do mal-estar social na atualidade, podem ser problematizadas. Tal problematização deve iluminar o embate entre projetos de hegemonia no capitalismo, o que é potencialmente fortalecedor para os participantes, na medida em que desnaturaliza a alienação que produz desentendimentos e frustrações. Sugere-se ainda, como material de apoio educativo, o jogo Cidade Dorme: representações cotidianas sobre drogas, legitimado coletivamente nesta pesquisa.Introduction: The object of this thesis is the educational potential of leisure to develop a critical understanding of the ideology around substance/drug use/consumption. A literature review in the context of health services showed that leisure and the playful are perceived as recreation, as well as an activity to fill-in time such. However, most of scientific articles listed functionalist objectives for leisure, which is associated to hooked leisure, concept coined to designate the hegemonic form of capitalist leisure in the area of drugs. Applications for mobile devices and educational games about drugs do not promote discussion about the legal and illegal drug production process; neither approaches the problematic consumption of drugs as a consequence of alienated social relations and the contemporary malaise. Despite the educational potential that games and apps offer, their purposes reinforced conceptions widely criticized in the health area, being associated with prohibitions and war on drugs. Objective: To develop a theoretical and methodological critical proposal to hooked leisure practices in the field of drugs. The Collective Health approach was adopted to understand the problems related to drug consumption as socially determined; as so they are intimately connected to the social totality, expressing themselves as symptoms of conflicts that individuals and social groups face in their daily lives. Method: An action research was carried out with mental health workers through emancipatory workshops, aligned with the epistemology of historical-dialectical materialism. Results: Emancipatory workshops promoted the transformation of everyday representations, as much as it has promoted the identification of the convictions of mental health workers. Among them there were: a traditional conception of chemical addiction, drug education as prevention of drug use and leisure as a therapeutic activity. Those are illusory representations which presume that all drug consumption is a disease. The results indicate the need to create critical practices that challenge the ideology of drug consumption as mental and behavioral sickness. Conclusions: Based on the perspective of Collective Health, the theoretical and methodological framework for leisure articulated in this research proposes the implementation of emancipatory workshops of leisure in health as well as education services, among others that work with the drug consumption theme as a cross-disciplinary approach, as long as it maintains consistency with the theoretical framework that proposes the critique on alienation. This strategy can use play, sports and cultural contents, among others. These features place leisure activities aligned with the purpose of emancipatory educational processes. It is argued that the educational process has emancipatory potential if it is radically participatory; and that the contemporary ways of experiencing nonworking time, which compose the strategies for alleviating contemporary malaise, can be debated. Such debate will certainly bring light to the battle among hegemonic projects in the capital system, which can be potentially strengthening to participants, as it denatures alienation that produce disagreements and frustrations. It is also suggested, as an educational support material, the game Cidade Dorme: representações cotidianas sobre drogas (City Sleeps: everyday representations on drugs), collectively legitimized in this research.
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Russell, Lynda. "Maternal mental health in the perinatal period." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2011. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/3153/.
Abstract:
Volume 1: Research component There are three papers contained in this volume, all concerned with maternal mental health problems in the perinatal period. The first is a review that examines the existing literature on eating disorders in the perinatal period. It examines prevalence, symptomatology levels across the perinatal period and factors associated with development and remission from eating disorders in the perinatal period. The second paper is a report of research, carried out by the author, investigating obsessive compulsive disorder, bonding and meta-cognitions in new mothers. It specifically examines whether bonding is impaired in new mothers with OCD when compared with mothers who have no symptoms of OCD, a subject that has not been investigated in previous research. Both papers have been prepared for submission to Archives of Women‟s Mental Health. The final paper is a public domain paper describing the literature review and empirical papers and has been used to disseminate the findings of the research amongst participants, mother and baby organisations and mental health professionals. The appendices contain information regarding ethical approval, measures used and instructions to authors from the Archives of Women‟s Mental Health. Volume 2: Clinical component This volume contains five clinical practice reports (CPR) submitted during the doctorate course. These reports reflect the training of the course and the work completed over the three years of the course. CPR 1 and 2 were conducted during a child and adolescent placement. CPR 1 describes a doctor phobia in a five year old girl, formulated from a behavioural and a systemic perspective. CPR 2 reports a single case experimental design study on a narrative intervention for sleep difficulties in a nine year old boy. CPR 3 describes a qualitative service evaluation of a waiting list initiative and changes to the referral system to a Psychological Therapies Service within an adult mental health service. CPR 4 is a case study of a CBT intervention for a client with OCD in a specialist adult service. The abstract of CPR 5, a presentation on a CBT and narrative intervention for anger in a woman with a learning disability in an inpatient setting. The names and identifying details have been changed or removed from these reports to protect anonymity.
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Stewart, Robert Charles. "Maternal common mental disorder in Malawi, Africa." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/25898.
Abstract:
Background: Maternal common mental disorder (CMD), characterised by depression, anxiety and somatic symptoms of distress, is known to be an important health problem in low-and-middle-income countries, but had not been investigated in Malawi, Africa. In preliminary work, we adapted a CMD screening measure and showed that post-partum CMD was common and associated with child stunting. In the research presented here, we expanded the investigation of CMD in Malawi to include pregnant women and mothers of children with severe acute malnutrition (SAM). Using validated measures, we aimed to estimate the prevalence of antenatal CMD/depression and investigate its relationship to social support and intimate partner violence. Secondly, we sought to explore women’s lived experiences of the perinatal period. Finally, we investigated CMD amongst mothers of children admitted with SAM and other life-threatening illness and, in the former, we tested the hypothesis that maternal CMD would be associated with impaired child recovery. Method: In an antenatal clinic-based study, we validated and compared Chichewa and Chiyao versions of the Self Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ) and Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) using major depressive episode (MDE) as the criterion diagnosis. We adapted and validated the Multi-dimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS). We measured the prevalence of antenatal MDE and identified associated factors. We conducted focus group discussions with women and enquired about perinatal stressors and supports. We administered the SRQ to mothers of children with SAM during admission to a nutritional rehabilitation unit (NRU) and at 1-month post-discharge, and investigated whether CMD was a risk factor for lower child weight gain at follow-up. In a subsequent study, we compared levels of CMD symptoms between mothers of children admitted to a NRU, a high dependency unit and an oncology ward. Results: We found that the adapted EPDS and SRQ were both valid screening instruments for antenatal CMD/depression. The weighted prevalence of antenatal MDE was 10.7% (95% CI 6.9% - 14.5%). The adapted MSPSS showed adequate test characteristics and differentiated between sources of social support. MDE was associated with lack of support by a significant other; intimate partner violence moderated this association. We found that women in rural Malawi recognised depressive and anxious states in the perinatal period and identified lack of partner support as a key stressor. During admission with a severely malnourished child to a NRU, mothers had very high SRQ scores that greatly reduced post-discharge. There was no association between SRQ score and child weight gain at follow-up. We found no higher level of CMD symptoms amongst mothers of children admitted for treatment of SAM compared with those admitted to other wards. Conclusions: We demonstrated that measures of antenatal CMD and perceived social support can be adapted for use in Malawi. We found that maternal CMD is common and associated with lack of social support, intimate partner violence and child illness. We did not find evidence for a specific association between maternal CMD and child SAM but further prospective studies are required. Our findings suggest that treatment of CMD in mothers in Malawi will require attention to social support and partner behaviour.
15
Hohnen, Bettina. "Maternal attributions for premature labour and their relationship to maternal mental health and maternal bonding." Thesis, Open University, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.369032.
16
Carreon-Bailey, Rebecca Socorro. "Influences of maternal parenting behaviors: Maternal mental health, attachment history and eduction." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2006. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2989.
Abstract:
Studies have found that the type of parenting a child receives affects his or her subsequent development. This study investigates the relative influence of maternal parenting behavior and the impact of multiple variables influencing the quality of mothers' parenting behaviors. This knowledge will help to understand how early attachment experiences impact future parenting behavior.
17
Halpin, Lisa. "Foetal congenital anomaly diagnoses and maternal mental health." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2017. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/3009541/.
Abstract:
Pregnancy is a time of physiological and psychosocial change for women, and can be a stressful life event (Hodgkinson, Smith & Wittkowski, 2014). Therefore, for some women, pregnancy can exacerbate existing psychological distress (e.g. depression, anxiety and/or stress), or contribute to its development (Biaggi, Conroy, Pawlby & Pariante, 2016). Although there are many reasons why some women experience psychological distress during pregnancy (e.g. lack of social support; Biaggi et al., 2016), this thesis is concerned with the impact of foetal congenital anomaly diagnosis on maternal mental health. Specifically, congenital heart disease (CHD) and cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P). The original focus of the thesis was planned to be exclusively on prenatal CL/P diagnosis, however it was deemed unfeasible to conduct a systematic review in this area due to a lack of relevant quantitative research. CHD was therefore chosen as it is a commonly diagnosed congenital anomaly with sufficient literature available to conduct a systematic review. Chapter one of this thesis therefore aims to critically review, and synthesise the available literature to gain an understanding of whether prenatal CHD diagnosis is associated with maternal mental health difficulties. Clinical implications and directions for future research are considered. The empirical paper presented in chapter two of this thesis focusses on the impact of prenatal CL/P diagnosis on maternal mental health and its associations with antenatal attachment (AA), mindfulness and self-compassion (SC). AA was selected as a variable of interest due to associations between psychological distress in pregnancy and reduced maternal-foetal attachment (Alhusen, 2008; Rubertsson, Pallant, Sydsjo, Haines & Hildingsson, 2015). Furthermore, identifying factors that might contribute to the promotion of increased AA and optimal mental health in pregnancy is therefore important. Mindfulness and SC are two such factors which are increasingly demonstrating their efficacy as concepts related to reducing psychological distress and enhancing AA in pregnant women (Dunn, Hanich, Roberts & Powrie, 2012; Matvienko-Silkar, Lee, Murphy & Murphy, 2016; Mohamadirizi & Kordi, 2016). The empirical paper provides an overview of relevant research, a description of the methods used to address the research question, followed by a discussion of the results. Implications for antenatal services and directions for future research are provided.
18
Dlamini, Ncamsile Nombulelo. "Testing the effectiveness and/or appropriateness of the information material in The Alliance Programme used for Tshwana speaking patients suffering from schizophrenia in the South African context." Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2009. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-06232009-140826/.
19
Krizova, Katarina. "ADHD CHILDREN AND MENTAL HEALTH SERVICE USE: MATERNAL DETERMINANTS." UKnowledge, 2015. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/hes_etds/28.
Abstract:
The current study investigated maternal determinants of mental health service use, namely, individual child therapy, among preadolescent children diagnosed with ADHD. The Behavioral Model of Health Care Utilization (Andersen, 2008) was used as a theoretical framework for the study. Data from the last three rounds of ECLS-K dataset were employed to test a longitudinal model using Bayesian analysis. Socio-demographic variables and maternal mental health were tested as exogenous variables and mother-child relationship variables, discipline variables, and perceived maternal concern about child’s overall behavior and child’s emotional symptoms were tested as intervening variables. Results showed that only maternal mental health remained in the model as an exogenous variable. The effect of mental health on child therapy was mediated by maternal aggravation and maternal concern about overall behavior in one path and by maternal concern about emotional symptoms in another path, suggesting that maternal mental health needs to be considered when attempting to understand help-seeking determinants. Both concern variables were found to have large direct effects on child therapy. The results of the current study showed the importance of maternal mental health and the importance of determinants related to mother-child relationship in a mother’s decision to seek therapy for a child.
20
Lundin, Sofia. "Av mig är du kommen och konstnär varde ditt namn : En studie om Mathilde Wigert-Österlund och psykisk ohälsa i konsten." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Konstvetenskapliga institutionen, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-323518.
Abstract:
The aim of this study was to investigate the connection between an artists mental illness and his or her art and this was made with the artist Mathilde Wigert-Österlund (1873-1943) as an example. Wigert-Österlund was an artist who suffered from mental illness and was a patient at a mental institution during two periods throughout her life. After she became ill, she made textile artworks that have been considered to be products of her illness. To investigate if this is true or not and to understand Wigert-Österlunds means of expression, the study was based on the purpose that with Wigert-Österlund as example investigate the connection between mental illness and creative production and study the artist and the artists role as a social and cultural construction. This was done with the following questions: How did Mathilde Wigert-Österlunds artistic expression change when she became ill? What role did Wigert-Österlund take och recieve in the artistic field? And; what resemblances and differences were there between Wigert-Österlunds artworks and her contemporary textile art? The questions were answered with studies of literature and objects as material, together with a method of material culture. Theory of practice and a theory of the artist role were applied on the material and the results. The analysis shows that Wigert-Österlunds artistic expression primarily changed with her use of other techniques and materials than before and secondarily that she had a slight change in the choice of motif and especially symbols in her work. The works shows that Wigert-Österlund is to be considered as having the role of a melancholic artist due to the theory of the artists role. Her work had no distinct recemblances with the contemporary textile art but shows that she is considered to share habitus and expression with the artist group that were defined as painters. Wigert-Österlund and her textile artcan be considered as unique in the time they were made. The study also reveals that the groups within the field were changeable and that Wigert-Österlund and her variated expression made her belong to separate groups but that she might have identified herself with the one with highest social and cultural status. The study showed that there is a slight connection between mental illness and an artists expression and that an artist can correlate to an artistic role and at the same time be a production of and a construction of the society and its expectations connected to that construction.
21
Franks, Wendy. "Social representations of maternal mental health in a disadvantaged community." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.251620.
22
Moser, Michele R. "Infant Mental Health 101." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2015. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/5002.
23
Yip, Sau-kuen, and 葉秀娟. "Mother-infant intervention to promote maternal mental health after preterm birth." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2012. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B48339477.
Abstract:
Compared to term infants, it is known that preterm infants have relatively poor regulation and are less able to handle stimulation, which only allows limited time of alertness favorable for productive social interaction. Parents that are less knowledgeable in this would often feel distressed when they try to interact with their babies. Also, non-optimal parent-infant interaction may further stress the preterm infants. So, intervention that seeks to handle this problem is needed. Mother-infant intervention is a strategy that teaches mothers or parents to respond appropriately to infants’ cues and when to stop handling. This intervention helps to achieve optimal parent-infant interaction. Evidence in the current literature has suggested that early mother-infant intervention in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit is effective in promoting maternal mental health after preterm delivery. Therefore, the proposed innovation attempts to use mother-infant intervention to reduce depressive symptoms and parenting stress of these mothers.
The implementation potential of the mother-infant intervention was explored. It was found that the intervention is highly transferable and feasible to be applied in the hospital settings of Hong Kong with Chinese women. The benefits of implementing the proposed innovation also far outweigh the cost. An evidence-based practice guideline was then developed. Thorough communication plan, implementation plan and pilot study plan will be launched. The whole program will last for 24 months including stages from obtaining approval, planning, carrying out pilot study, launching the actual implementation, to conducting data collection and program evaluation.published_or_final_version
Nursing Studies
Master
Master of Nursing
24
Rigby, Janice. "The impact of maternal mental illness on mothers and their infants." Thesis, City University London, 2015. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.649959.
Abstract:
Research has shown that maternal mental illness can affect mother-infant interactions with implications for infant outcomes, including attachment outcome. Severe and chronic mental illness (SMI), particularly schizophrenia, is associated with the greatest risk. Schizophrenia is also associated with impairments in theory of mind (ToM). Recent attachment research has suggested that maternal mentalising skills are strongly associated with attachment outcome in infants. To date, no research has explored the relationship between ToM and maternal sensitivity in mothers with SMI using standard tests of ToM. 40 women with SMJ in the post-partum period were administered a battery of ToM tasks and general neuropsychological tasks. The women also participated in an unstructured play session with their infants, which was filmed and coded for maternal sensitivity. One ToM task, the Frith -Happe Animations, predicted maternal sensitivity across all diagnoses. An unexpected moderator effect was observed; ToM and maternal sensitivity were most strongly related in mothers with primary/secondary-only (versus tertiary) education and mothers from an ethnic minority background. There was also an effect of diagnosis, with lower sensitivity observed in the mothers with schizophrenia. ToM impairments did not fully explain effect of diagnosis. Mothers of girls were rated as. being more sensitive than mothers of boys.
25
Beck, Alexandra. "Maternal expressed emotion towards children with and without learning disabilities." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.273879.
26
Hummel, Alexandra Carlyle. "Maternal Depressive Symptoms, Maternal Behavior, and Toddler Internalizing Outcomes: A Moderated Mediation Model." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1366881153.
27
Moser, Michele R., H. Taylor, and T. Chusac. "Infant Mental Health and Violence." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2013. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/4985.
28
Moser, Michele R., T. Clark, and Andres Pumariega. "Mental Health Disparities in Child Welfare." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2004. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/4973.
29
Moser, Michele R., and Janet Todd. "Infant and Early Childhood Mental Health." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2011. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/4982.
30
Lindsay, Caroline. "Mothers' feeding styles and their relationship to maternal mental health and child temperament." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.577635.
Abstract:
Background and Aims. A controlling feeding style has been related to obesity amongst young children. Influences on the feeding style of mothers are a novel area of research. Preliminary studies have found maternal emotional health and child temperament may be important factors. Thus, the current study intended to add to the knowledge in this area by investigating these factors and their relationship to maternal feeding style. A further aim was to investigate the reliability of mothers' reports of their feeding style by comparing them to observations. Method. This study used a correlational design with a non-clinical population of mothers and their young children (N= 71). All participants completed measures of maternal mental health, child feeding and child temperament. A subsample of participants (N = 19) were also videoed feeding their child at one mealtime. Results. Mothers scoring higher on a self-report measure of maternal mental health did report a more controlling feeding style. However the relationship between maternal mental health and negative perception of child temperament was only partially supported as was the relationship between negative perception of child temperament and feeding style. Finally no relationship was found between mothers' self-reported feeding style and their observed feeding style. Conclusions. As predicted, a relationship was found between maternal mental health and reported controlling feeding style, although the relationship between child temperament and feeding style warrants further exploration. A relationship was not found between mothers reported and observed feeding style however the small sample size must be acknowledged when interpreting this result. The findings of this study support the importance of recognising maternal mental health difficulties and the impact they may have on the mother- child feeding relationship. However, further research is needed, in particular with larger clinical populations to further explore influences on the mother-child feeding relationship.
31
De, Silva Mary Joan. "Context and composition? : social capital and maternal mental health in low income countries." Thesis, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (University of London), 2005. http://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/682343/.
Abstract:
Background and rationale Women and the poor are disproportionately affected by common mental disorders (CMD), yet few studies have explored their aetiology in low income countries. Social capital may explain some of the geographical variation in CMD. A systematic review shows that only one study has examined the association between individual social capital and CMD in low income countries. No study has explored the effect of ecological social capital on CMD in this setting. The objective of this thesis is to explore the relationship between individual and ecological measures of social capital and maternal CMD in four low income countries. Methods Cross-sectional data from the Young Lives (YL) project with information across 234 communities in Peru, Ethiopia, Vietnam and Andhra Pradesh (India) were used. The mental health of caregivers of one-year-old children, and the individual social capital of all caregivers was assessed. Ecological social capital was calculated by aggregating individual responses to the community level. Mothers of one year old children were selected for analysis (n=6909). Multi-level modelling was used to explore the association between individual and ecological social capital in each of the four countries, adjusting for a wide range of individual and community level confounders. Psychometric techniques and qualitative interviews were used in Peru to validate the tool used by YL to measure social capital. Results of these interviews were supplemented with a literature review to explore the nature of social capital in Peru, and analyses were conducted to explore the determinants of social capital. The results of these analyses were used to help interpret the results of a further analysis of the Peruvian data. Results The comparative analysis of social capital and CMD across the four countries shows that combined measures of individual cognitive social capital are associated with reduced odds of CMD. The results for structural social capital are more mixed and culturally specific, with some aspects associated with increased odds of CMD. The 3 validation of the tool to measure social capital in Peru emphasises the difficulties of measuring complex concepts in different cultural settings, and illustrates the culturally specific nature of social capital. The description and analysis of social capital in Peru show it to be multi-dimensional and complex and suggest that social capital may have different effects on CMD in different sub-groups. Conclusions and implications Contextual and compositional factors are inter-related and are both associated with CMD. Structural social capital has context-specific effects and cognitive social capital more universal effects on CMD. Social capital may have different effects in different sub-groups, with potentially damaging effects in some disadvantaged groups. While social capital is important for mental health, its complex and context-specific nature means that it is impractical to use it as an intervention to prevent or treat CMD. Instead, its value is as a tool for understanding the social context in which the complex relationship between an individual's own characteristics and those of their environment is played out.
32
Self, Joanna F. "Maternal depression and the nature of mother-toddler interaction : infant bids for engagement and maternal responsiveness /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/9162.
33
Delker, Brianna. "Relationships without Reward: The Role of Childhood Abuse History in Maternal Addiction, Mental Health, and Parenting." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/22615.
Abstract:
Being a mother is often described as a difficult but rewarding experience. Maternal parenting reward (PR) may serve an important function, helping to facilitate responsive maternal care and healthy infant development. However, it should not be taken for granted that the rewards of parenting will emerge naturally for women, particularly women who were abused by their own caregivers in childhood, within family systems that enabled or perpetuated the abuse. Despite an abundance of research on the neurobiological correlates of PR, surprisingly little is known about mothers’ self-reported experience of PR, both in general and in relation to early adversity. The aims of this survey-based dissertation were to develop and psychometrically evaluate a PR self-report measure, and to determine the extent to which childhood abuse predicts short-term (family betrayal) and long-term (maternal depression, posttraumatic stress, and problematic substance use) sequelae of abuse that are associated with diminished PR.
In Study 1, with 203 mothers of young children, the final 14-item questionnaire assessed PR in a way that was not confounded with social desirability or maternal demographic characteristics, and was distinct from the related constructs of parenting pleasure and satisfaction. On average, mothers reported being highly rewarded by parenting, though there were individual differences in PR within and across mothers.
In Study 2, with 270 mothers of young children, maternal history of childhood psychological and sexual abuse by caregivers each predicted diminished PR indirectly. Childhood psychological abuse was strongly associated with family betrayal, or actions and inactions by the family of origin that enabled or perpetuated abuse, which in turn predicted recent maternal depression and posttraumatic stress, each of which predicted diminished PR. The association between childhood sexual abuse and diminished PR was mediated by increased maternal posttraumatic stress symptoms only, not by family betrayal or alcohol use problems related to posttraumatic stress, as hypothesized. Although alcohol use problems predicted diminished PR at the bivariate level, they did not predict PR in the full model. Maternal childhood abuse by caregivers is indirectly associated with disruptions to the social rewards of attachment, with potential intergenerational consequences for the mother-infant relationship and infant development.10000-01-01
34
Moser, Michele R., and L. Lucinski. "Infant Mental Health in Tennessee: Our Journey." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/4990.
35
Plant, Dominic. "When one childhood meets another : maternal child maltreatment and offspring child psychopathology." Thesis, Canterbury Christ Church University, 2016. http://create.canterbury.ac.uk/15001/.
Abstract:
Studies have shown that a mother’s history of child maltreatment is associated with her child’s experience of internalising and externalising difficulties. This study aimed to characterise the mediating pathways that may underpin this association. Data on a mother’s history of child maltreatment, depression during pregnancy, depression after birth, maladaptive parenting practices and her child’s experience of maltreatment and preadolescent internalising and externalising difficulties were analysed in a sample of 9,397 mother-child dyads followed prospectively from pregnancy to child age 13. The results showed that maternal history of child maltreatment was significantly associated with child internalising and externalising difficulties in preadolescence. Maternal antenatal depression, post-birth depression, maladaptive parenting and child maltreatment were observed to significantly mediate this association. The study concluded that psychological and psychosocial interventions focused around treating maternal depression, particularly during pregnancy, and improving parenting skills, could be offered to mothers with traumatic childhood experiences to help protect against psychopathology in the next generation.
36
Baharnoori, Moogeh. "The adverse effects of maternal infection on brain development-implications for neuropsychiatric disorders." Thesis, McGill University, 2012. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=110561.
Abstract:
Animal models of complex heterogeneous disorders such as schizophrenia and autism are very valuable paradigms to understand etiological and patholphysiological mechanisms underlying the disorders, as well as to test novel therapeutics strategies. Based on the hypothesis that these disorders may have origins in aberrant brain development, neurodevelopmental animal models involving manipulations of environment during sensitive prenatal period have been extensively used. Epidemiological studies have confirmed an association between bacterial and viral infections during pregnancy and the higher incidence of schizophrenia and autism in the offspring. A number of animal models of maternal infection and immune activation have been established to show behavioural and neurochemical abnormalities in the adult offspring exposed to infection during prenatal life. My PhD thesis was designed to evaluate the extent to which prenatal infection at mid pregnancy precipitates structural, behavioural and cellular changes during postnatal brain development. To do so, I used a well-established rat model of immune activation by administration of lipopolysaccaride (LPS) at mid gestation. First, I assessed morphology of pyramidal neurons in medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and hippocampus at neonatal, pre and post pubertal ages. Our result showed significant structural changes in both regions starting at very early postnatal days, with some of the changes persisting through adulthood. Next, I examined the potential effects of prenatal immune activation on neonatal behaviour and maternal bonding in the neonate offspring using a standard battery of behavioural tests. Our observation of an attenuation in maternal attachment, communicative behaviours and associative learning as result of prenatal LPS treatment is relevant to the behaviours reported in autism and premorbid phase of schizophrenia. Using this model we further demonstrated that prenatal LPS treatment leads to pre and post pubertal alterations in the development of mesolimbic and mesocortical dopaminergic system. More specifically, I found a decrease in dopamine receptor-2 (D2R) expression in the GABAergic interneurons in the mPFC may be neuronal substrate for cognitive dysfunction already reported in prenatal infections models. Lastly, we found that while basic anxiety-like behaviour at pre pubertal age was similar between prenatal LPS and control offspring, , LPS treated offspring showed attenuated anxiety response in more stressful environments. These observations highlight that prenatal immune activation is involved in the control of emotionality at pre pubertal ages which might be relevant to behavioral reactivity reported in young individuals susceptible to neuropsychiatric disorders. Taken together, the data in my thesis have confirmed that prenatal LPS treatment is capable of inducing important morphological, behavioral and neurochemical changes in the brain of offspring some of them starting at early ages during postnatal life.Les modèles animaux de troubles complexes hétérogènes comme la schizophrénie et l'autisme sont des paradigmes très précieux pour comprendre les mécanismes étiologiques de ceux troubles, ainsi que de tester de nouveaux traitements. Basé sur l'hypothèse que ces troubles peuvent avoir des origines dans le développement des cerveaux aberrants, des modèles animaux neurodéveloppementaux impliquant des manipulations de l'environnement pendant la période prénatale sensibles ont été largement utilisés. Des études épidémiologiques ont confirmé une association entre les infections bactériennes et virales pendant la grossesse et l'incidence plus élevée de la schizophrénie et l'autisme chez les enfants. Un certain nombre de modèles animaux d'infection maternelle et l'activation immunitaire ont été mis en place pour montrer des anomalies comportementales et neurochimiques dans la progéniture adulte exposée à l'infection pendant la vie prénatale. Ma thèse de doctorat a été conçue pour évaluer la mesure dans laquelle prénatale infection à la grossesse précipite des changements structurels, comportementaux et cellulaires durant le développement du cerveau postnatal. Pour ce faire, j'ai utilisé un modèle de rat bien établi de l'activation immunitaire par l'administration de lipopolysaccaride (LPS) à la gestation mi. D'abord, j'ai évalué la morphologie des neurones pyramidaux du cortex préfrontal (mPFC) et de l'hippocampe au nouveau-né, pré et post-pubertaire âges. Notre résultat a montré des changements structurels importants dans les deux régions à partir de très tôt jours après la naissance, avec certaines des modifications persistantes à l'âge adulte. Notre observation d'une atténuation de l'attachement maternel, les comportements communicatifs et d'apprentissage associatif, comme résultat du traitement LPS prénatale est pertinente pour les comportements rapportés dans l'autisme et la phase prémorbide de la schizophrénie. En utilisant ce modèle nous avons encore démontré que le traitement prénatal LPS conduit à des altérations pré et post pubères dans le développement du système dopaminergique mésolimbique et mésocortical. Plus précisément, j'ai trouvé une diminution de récepteurs de la dopamine-2 (D2R) expression dans les interneurones dans le mPFC peut être substrat neuronal des dysfonctionnements cognitifs déjà rapporté dans des modèles d'infections prénatales.Enfin, nous avons constaté que si l'anxiété de base-comme le comportement à l'âge de la puberté pré était similaire entre les LPS prénatale et la progéniture de contrôle, la progéniture LPS traités ont montré réaction d'anxiété atténué dans des environnements plus stressants. Ces observations mettent en évidence que l'activation prénatale immunitaire est impliqué dans le contrôle des émotions au pré pubères dont les âges pourrait être pertinente pour la réactivité comportementale signalés chez des personnes jeunes sensibles aux troubles neuropsychiatriques. Pris ensemble, les données de ma thèse ont confirmé que le traitement prénatal LPS est capable d'induire d'importants changements morphologiques, comportementales et neurochimiques dans le cerveau de la progéniture certains d'entre eux dès le jeune âge au cours de la vie postnatale.
37
McCloskey, Rebecca Jane. "Adverse Childhood Experiences, Postpartum Health, and Breastfeeding: A Mixed Methods Study." The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1586539670575903.
38
Thakur, Geeta Angeli. "Maternal smoking during pregnancy: An environmental factor indexing a more homogenous subgroup of ADHD." Thesis, McGill University, 2013. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=114156.
Abstract:
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent neurobehavioral disorder with a complex etiology implicating both genetic and environmental factors. Although it is now established that multiple genes are involved in ADHD, no single risk gene has been identified. Furthermore, several environmental factors, such as maternal smoking, alcohol use, and stress during pregnancy, have been consistently associated with this disorder. This thesis will describe how maternal smoking during pregnancy (MSDP) is indexing a more homogenous subgroup of ADHD children. By studying behavioral and neurocognitive characteristics in these children, we found that exposure to MSDP is associated with a form of ADHD characterized by more severe clinical manifestations and poorer neuropsychological performance. Subsequently, we stratified children with ADHD by MSDP to investigate the implication of candidate genes in increasing the risk for ADHD. This strategy allowed the uncovering of differential associations between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the norepinephrine transporter gene (SLC6A2) and a number of endophenotypes in patients according to their exposure to MSDP. Finally, we used comorbidity as a tool to investigate several SNPs identified through genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of smoking behavior, a phenotype comorbid with ADHD. These SNPs were investigated in relation to ADHD diagnosis, as well as behavioral and neurocognitive traits relevant to ADHD, and we found that an allele of rs1329650 may be increasing risk for ADHD and smoking behavior through a common mechanism. This work identifies a phenotypic signature associated with MSDP that may help to identify a more homogenous subgroup of children with ADHD and highlights significant associations between the SLC6A2 gene and ADHD in children exposed to MSDP. Moreover, this is the first report of SNPs identified through GWAS of smoking behavior shown to be tentatively associated with ADHD.Le trouble de déficit de l'attention avec hyperactivité (TDAH) est un désordre neurocomportemental répandu avec une étiologie complexe impliquant des facteurs génétiques et environnementaux. Bien qu'il soit maintenant établi que plusieurs gènes sont impliqués dans le TDAH, aucun seul gène de risque a été identifié. De plus, plusieurs facteurs environnementaux, tels que le tabagisme maternel, l'abus de l'alcool, et le stress maternel, ont été fortement associé à cette maladie. Cette thèse décrira comment la cigarette durant la grossesse est un indexe pour un sous-groupe plus homogène d'enfants atteints d'un TDAH. En étudiant les caractéristiques comportementales et neurocognitives chez ces enfants, nous avons remarqué que l'exposition à la cigarette durant la grossesse est associée à une forme de TDAH, caractérisée par de graves manifestations cliniques et une plus basse performance neuropsychologique. Par la suite, nous avons stratifié notre échantillon d'enfants atteints d'un TDAH par l'exposition à la cigarette pour enquêter sur l'implication des gènes candidats à augmenter le risque pour le TDAH. Cette stratégie nous a permis de découvrir des associations différentielles entre des polymorphismes nucléotidiques simples (SNP) du gène transporteur de la noradrénaline (SLC6A2) et un certain nombre d'endophénotypes chez les patients en fonction de leur exposition à la cigarette. Enfin, nous avons utilisé la comorbidité comme un outil pour étudier plusieurs SNPs identifiés par des études d'association de l'ensemble du génome (GWAS) du comportement des fumeurs, un phénotype de comorbidité avec le TDAH. Ces SNPs ont été étudiés en relation avec le diagnostic du TDAH, ainsi que des traits comportementaux et neurocognitifs pertinents pour le TDAH, et nous avons observé qu'un allèle du rs1329650 pourrait augmenter le risque pour le TDAH et le tabagisme par le biais d'un mécanisme commun.Bref, ce travail identifie une signature phénotypique associée à la cigarette durant la grossesse qui pourrait aider à identifier un sous-groupe plus homogène d'enfants atteints d'un TDAH et met en évidence des associations significatives entre le gène SLC6A2 et le TDAH chez les enfants exposés à la cigarette durant la grossesse. De plus, ceci est le premier rapport où des SNPs identifiés par des GWAS de tabagisme ont démontré une association avec le TDAH.
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Hamilton, Catharine Elizabeth. "The Relation between Depression and Trait Anxiety Symptoms and Maternal Utterances during Sonogram Procedures." Thesis, Illinois Institute of Technology, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10981646.
Abstract:
The present study examines the relation between depression and trait anxiety symptoms and women’s utterances during a routine ultrasound procedure in the second trimester of pregnancy. Participants included a diverse group of 70 women seeking prenatal care at an academic medical center in the Midwestern United States. The Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS-21) depression subscale and the State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), trait form were used to assess symptoms of depression and trait anxiety, respectively. Audio and video of participants’ faces during the ultrasound examination were used to assess the content, sentiment, and number of utterances. Results of regression analyses indicated that higher levels of depression symptoms were significantly related to a lower proportion of fetus-related utterances to total utterances. Higher levels of depression symptoms and trait anxiety were significantly related to a lower proportion of positive fetus-related utterances to total fetus-related utterances, after controlling for gestational age. Higher levels of depression symptoms were significantly related to a higher proportion of negative-fetus-related utterances to total fetus-related utterances, after controlling for education. These findings suggest that pregnant women who are experiencing symptoms of depression and anxiety may exhibit certain types and patterns of utterances during routine prenatal sonogram procedures. Thus, observation of pregnant women’s naturalistic speech may provide helpful supplemental information to the traditional self-report measure in screening for symptoms of depression and anxiety.
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Holloway, Geraldine. "Maternal filicide : grounded theorising from interviews with mothers with a diagnosis of mental illness." Thesis, University of Essex, 2016. http://repository.essex.ac.uk/17667/.
Abstract:
Background: Child homicide represents 11.5% of all homicides and parents are perpetrators in about 67% of all cases. Of parents who kill their children fathers have been found to more often be the perpetrator (filicide) in all age groups except in neonaticides, where mothers are nearly always responsible. Women have been found to be over-represented in rates of filicide. Diagnoses of mental illness (MI) have been found as a moderating variable for mothers who kill older children. The aim of the present study was to explore the conditions, processes and contexts that contribute to the development of maternal filicide (MF) in MI mothers. Method: Four mothers with a diagnosis of MI were interviewed using constructivist grounded theory methods to produce theorising about the development of MF. Due to the sensitivity of the research topic, the vulnerability of the population and the need to ensure support for study participants, the study design included only those mothers still receiving care from secure hospital services (N=30). Findings: The present study produced grounded theorising of a process of Disintegrating Security in a number of sequentially related domains: social, economic, relational and psychological as contributing to MF. Consistent with other research on filicide mothers with a diagnosis of MI, mothers were active in caring for their children but became hopeless and suicidal, believing that their own suicide would leave their children alone in a cruel and dangerous world. Conclusions: Mothers committed filicide in a perverse act of maternal love rather than out of anger, or as part of prolonged child abuse. A detailed account of the development of MF in MI mothers has been produced. The findings could be important to increase the understanding of MF for mental health professionals working with filicide mothers, surviving family members and mothers themselves.
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Moloney, Anne. "The relationship between maternal and child mental health among residents in domestic violence refuges." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.525903.
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Fauble, Mandy A. "How Maternal Childhood Maltreatment Negatively Impacts Children’s Mental Health Outcomes Among Polysubstance Exposed Children." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1238242697.
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Aran, Pavitra. "Effects of maternal mental disorders on mother-infant emotional availability in the perinatal period." Thesis, Aran, Pavitra (2021) Effects of maternal mental disorders on mother-infant emotional availability in the perinatal period. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2021. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/64521/.
Abstract:
Background: Maternal depressive symptoms are recognised as a significant risk factor for disturbances to the mother-infant relationship and child developmental outcomes. Less is known about the effects of specific maternal mental disorders, particularly comorbid or severe mental illness, on the mother-infant relationship.
Aims: This dissertation aimed to gather new insights regarding mother-infant interaction quality in the context of maternal mental disorders (Study One and Two) and the assessment of mother-infant interaction quality in research (Study Three) and its application to clinical practice (Study Four).
Methods: Empirical (Study One and Two), psychometric (Study Three), and translational (Study Four) research methods were used. Study One (N = 115) and Study Two (N = 127) involved a longitudinal pregnancy cohort of mother-infant dyads with repeated measurement of maternal disorders (major depression, generalised anxiety, bipolar disorder), symptoms (depressive, anxiety), and antidepressant use over the perinatal period, and assessment of mother-infant interaction quality at six months postpartum using the Emotional Availability Scales (EAS). Study Three (N =342) involved a higher-order factor analysis of EAS data followed by multigroup measurement invariance testing comparing a depressive disorder group to a comparison group not meeting diagnostic criteria. Lastly, Study Four (N =329) employed a translational approach using an online, cross-sectional survey and distributed globally to explore the parent-infant assessment practices and preferences of perinatal and infant mental health (PIMH) clinicians.
Results: Compared to a comparison group, the risk of emotional unavailability was higher among dyads with lifetime major depression and even higher among dyads with a comorbid perinatal generalised anxiety disorder. Compared to no disorder or major depressive disorder, the risk of emotional unavailability was also higher among dyads with bipolar disorders. Psychometric evaluation of the EAS showed comparison group EAS data best fit a unidimensional factor solution and the EAS to be only partially invariant between a depressed and nondepressed group. The translational study indicated a strong endorsement of parent-infant relationship assessments independent of demographic or service characteristics among PIMH clinicians globally. Regardless of service context and framework, most clinicians endorsed a dyadic focus to assessment as their individual preference.
Conclusions. Findings extend existing knowledge regarding parent-infant relationship quality in a mental health context, including assessment practices in research and practice settings and the potential effects of a range of maternal mental disorders on mother-infant emotional availability. Specifically, findings may support the identification of at-risk dyads who may require additional supports or specialised psychological interventions to assist them to improve emotional availability. Ongoing empirical, psychometric, and translational research involving mental health samples are needed to facilitate agreement among researchers and clinicians on optimal measures of parent-infant interaction quality.
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Lommerse, Kinke. "HIV testing rate and seroprevalence among people attending a mental health clinic in rural Malawi." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/11484.
Abstract:
This study was undertaken to assess HIV-prevalence, uptake of HIV-care, general clinical characteristics and risk factors among a population visiting a mental health clinic in a rural Malawian district hospital.
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Mills, Suzanne Barbara. "Maternal and infant factors influencing infant feeding : a longitudinal study." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/6385.
Abstract:
Introduction: There has been a lack of longitudinal studies on maternal and infant factors associated with feeding difficulties. Feeding difficulties are common, cause much anxiety for parents, and are associated with a range of child health and behavioural outcomes. This study aims to gain an understanding of the prevalence and type of feeding difficulties found in a community sample, the prevalence of maternal mental ill-health and identify maternal and infant factors predictive of feeding difficulties. A final aim is to identify factors associated with successful and unsuccessful feeding experiences from a maternal perspective. Method: A short questionnaire with questions about support and help-seeking was compiled, and several standardised measures were included in the pack; a measure of maternal mood (DASS-21), social support (SOS-S), and eating disorder symptomatology (EAT-26). Questionnaires were given to mothers in pregnancy, and again when infants were around 3 and 7 months old. An adapted version of the Child Feeding Assessment Questionnaire, and the food fussiness subscale from the Children’s Eating Behaviour Questionnaire examined feeding behaviour and maternal response. The Infant Temperament Questionnaire examined maternal perception of infant temperament. Content analysis was used to identify themes in mother’s narrative about factors which help feeding and barriers to a successful feeding experience. A within subjects design was employed to examine predictors of infant feeding difficulties. Results: 23% of mothers of 3 to 5 month old infants, and 13% of mothers of 7 to 10 month olds reported their child as having one or more feeding difficulties. Levels of stress remained stable across the length of the study, but prevalence of maternal anxiety and depression reduced. 47% of those mothers who breast fed found breast feeding difficult or very difficult. Maternally identified barriers to successful feeding with feeding were child illness, and painful or difficult breastfeeding. Mothers wanted an improvement in support and knowledge of health professionals, and a reduction in pressure from health professionals in relation to feeding method. Maternal depression and stress were correlated with severity of food refusal in infants, as well as maternal anxiety and food fussiness, prior to post-hoc analyses. Following post-hoc analyses these relationships were no longer significant. Discussion: Relationships between infant behaviour, maternal health and feeding difficulties are explored. The low prevalence of feeding difficulties and reasons for negative findings in relation to predictors of feeding difficulties are discussed. Implications for health services are presented in the light of maternal views about support and barriers to successfully feeding their child.
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di, GIACOMO ESTER. "MATERNAL PERSONALITY DISORDERS AND THEIR OUTCOMES IN THE OFFSPRING." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/241147.
Abstract:
Premesse: Le conoscenze attuali sugli effetti della psicopatologia durante la gravidanza e il postpartum sull'esito mentale nella prole sono molto scarse e si concentrano principalmente su ansia e disturbi depressivi. I disturbi della personalità sono meno indagati. I disturbi borderline e antisociali DP sono quelli maggiormente considerati, sebbene poco analizzati, ma gli altri risultano troppo spesso trascurati.
Scopo: L'obiettivo del presente progetto è orientato all'identificazione delle possibili conseguenze nella prole, a causa della psicopatologia materna, in particolare dei disturbi di personalità. Inoltre, cercheremo di identificare eventuali mediatori rispetto all’effetto della personalità, se presenti.
Metodi: 108 donne dell’ ambulatorio psichiatrico perinatale ("LUCE"), 152 del CPS, che non hanno avuto problemi specifici nei confronti dei loro figli o maternità (OUTPTS), e 198 controlli sani (HC) sono stati testati con EPDS, BAI, BDI, WHOQOL e CTQ. I loro bambini sono stati testati con CBCL.
Risultati: Le donne "LUCE" e OUTPTS non differivano da un punto di vista diagnostico, socioeconomico o farmacologico. I bambini "LUCE" presentavano problemi in tutti i domini sia a livello borderline che clinico, mentre i bambini di OUTPTS avevano difficoltá in pochi domini e ad un livello borderline. I bambini di madri passivo-aggressive sembravano emotivamente più reattivi, quelli delle madri narcisiste&borderline più inclini al ritiro. I bambini di madri passivo-aggressive mostrano una positivitá significativamente maggiore nella maggior parte dei domini clinici rispetto a quelli di madri senza DP, soprattutto ansia/depressione clinica, comportamento ritirato o aggressivo. I bambini delle madri narcisistiche hanno problemi di attenzione ad un livello clinico significativamente maggiori mentre i figli delle madri con disturbo ossessivo-compulsivo DP hanno significativamente più ansia/depressione e disturbi somatici. Un distacco clinicamente significativo differenzia i bambini di madri con differenti PD rispetto a quelle delle madri senza PD.
La mediazione EPDS nei bambini "LUCE" ha evidenziato un livello significativamente più alto di ritiro clinico.
Un'analisi approfondita del ruolo dell'EPDS nel confrontare i bambini di SCID_II-NEG e di ciascun PD (possibile a livello clinico solo in "LUCE") ha mostrato significato nell'ansia/depressione tra figli di donne con DP paranoide o passivo-aggressivo e SCID_II- NEG e comportamento aggressivo tra passivo-aggressivo e SCID_II-NEG.
Un'ulteriore analisi ha mostrato la mancanza di differenze significative in qualsiasi dominio CBCL in ogni PD se EPDS + e - vengono confrontati .
Conclusioni: Il presente studio ha lo scopo di indagare i possibili effetti psichici, dovuti alla psicopatologia materna, nella prole di madri affette da disturbi della personalità. Abbiamo selezionato pazienti psichiatrici sia da ambulatori di psichiatria perinatale che territoriali e controlli sani. Un confronto tra i loro figli permette due conclusioni preliminari: i figli di madri con PD hanno esiti peggiori e i figli di madri con una sofferenza psichica nel peripartum hanno un profilo peggiore rispetto a quelli di madri con la stessa diagnosi e trattamento farmacologico. La mediazione di una positività per il rischio di sviluppare una depressione postpartum non sembra sufficiente a giustificare tali risultati. Anche se le donne con quella positività hanno figli che mostrano una maggiore sofferenza, è la difficoltà nel legame madre-figlio o verso la maternità (espressa dalle donne in carico al Dipartimento perinatale) che costituiscono la migliore spiegazione delle maggiori difficoltà dei loro figli.
I nostri risultati suggeriscono e sottolineano l'importanza di una rapida identificazione e trattamento delle madri con sofferenza psichica durante la gravidanza al fine di prevenire o almeno ridurre gli esiti psichici nei figli.Background: Current knowledge on the effects of psychopathology during pregnancy and postpartum on offspring mental outcome is very poor and mainly focused on anxiety and depressive disorders. Personality disorders are less investigated. Borderline and Antisocial PDs are especially considered, but the other PDs are too often neglected. Aim: The aim of the present project drifts towards the identification of possible consequences in offspring, due to maternal psychopathology, particularly personality disorders. Moreover, we will try to identify eventual mediators within personality causal role if any. Methods: 108 women from Perinatal Psychiatric Department (“LUCE”), 152 from Outpatients Psychiatric Department who had no specific issues towards their children or motherhood (OUTPTS) and 198 healthy controls (HC) were tested with EPDS, BAI, BDI, WHOQOL and CTQ. Their children were tested with CBCL. Results: “LUCE” and OUTPTS women did not differ from a diagnostic, socioeconomic and pharmacological point of view. Children of “LUCE” patients showed issues in all the domains both at a borderline and clinical level, while children of OUTPTS patients had only issues in few domains and at a borderline level. Clinical issues are shown especially by children of mothers affected by Passive-aggressive, Paranoid, Narcissistic&Borderline, Obsessive-Compulsive and Narcissistic PDs. In particular, children of PA mothers seemed more emotionally reactive, those of N+B mothers more prone to withdrawn. Children of Passive-Aggressive PD mothers show significance in most of the clinical domains compared to SCID_II-NEG. In particular, it is interesting to underline significance in clinical anxiety/depression, withdrawn and aggressive behavior. Children of Narcissistic mothers have significantly more clinical attention problems while children of Obsessive-Compulsive PD mothers have significantly more clinical anxiety/depression and somatic complaints. Clinical withdrawn differences children of mothers with several PDs compared to those of SCID_II-NEG mothers. Children of “LUCE”-EPDS+ showed clinical issues in all the domains. EPDS mediation in “LUCE” children showed a significant higher level of clinical withdrawn. An in-depth analysis of the role of EPDS in comparing children of SCID_II-NEG and each PDs (possible at a clinical level only in “LUCE”) showed significance in anxiety/depression between PARA or PA and SCID_II-NEG and in aggressive behavior between PA and SCID_II-NEG. A further analysis showed lack of significant differences in any CBCL domain in each PDs if EPDS+ and – were compared. Conclusion: The present study aimed at investigating possible psychic effects in offspring of mothers affected by personality disorders due to maternal psychopathology. We selected psychiatric patients both from Perinatal and Outpatients Departments and healthy controls. A comparison among their children let to highlight two main preliminary conclusion: children of mothers with PDs have worse outcomes and children of mothers with a psychic sufferance in the peripartum have a worse profile compared with those of mothers with the same diagnosis and pharmacological treatment. The mediation of a positivity for the risk of developing postpartum depression does not seem enough to justify such results. Albeit women with that positivity have children that show higher sufferance, it is the difficulty in mother-child bond or toward motherhood (expressed by women admitted to Perinatal Department) that constitute the best explanation to their children higher difficulties. Our results suggest and stress the importance of an early identification and treatment of mothers with psychic sufferance during pregnancy in order to prevent or at least reduce their children psychic outcomes.
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Fauble, Mandy A. "How Maternal Childhood Maltreatment Negatively Impacts Children⁰́₉s Mental Health Outcomes Among Polysubstance Exposed Children." Cleveland, Ohio : Case Western Reserve University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1238242697.
Abstract:
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Case Western Reserve University, 2009Title from PDF (viewed on 26 May 2009) Includes abstract Mandel School of Applied Sciences (Social Welfare) Includes bibliographical references and appendices Available online via the OhioLINK ETD Center
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Moser, Michele R. "Tennessee Infant and Early Childhood Mental Health Initiative." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2013. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/4984.
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Moser, Michele R., L. Lucinski, and S. Steckel. "Tennessee Infant and Early Childhood Mental Health Initiative." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2013. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/4983.
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Eliseo-Arras, Rebecca K. "Maternal mental health and alcohol use and the impact on daughter's mental health, communication, and risky sexual behavior in a dyadic longitudinal community sample." Thesis, State University of New York at Buffalo, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10127748.
Abstract:
Research has shown that the effects of maternal stress, alcohol use, and depression can have lasting effects on offspring. These effects can lead to negative outcomes with her daughter, specifically depression and substance use. These compounding issues can then lead to communication issues between the mother/daughter pair. This secondary data analysis study of a longitudinal community dyadic sample of 811 mothers and daughter pairs sought to determine the impact of these negative maternal effects on daughter depression, alcohol use, communication between the pair, and later risky sexual behavior. Using regression analysis with mediation, results indicated that a relationship exists between mother alcohol use and daughter risky sexual behavior only when daughter alcohol use was present. High communication with the mother lead to a decrease in daughter depression. Mother depression predicted daughter depression whereas mother alcohol use predicted daughter alcohol use and daughter depression. While a negative outcome, risky sexual behavior can be seen as a coping strategy for daughters? experiencing a difficult environment and this coping mechanism may bring them temporary feelings of love and importance.