Journal articles on the topic 'Menstruation disorders Cross-cultural studies'
To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Menstruation disorders Cross-cultural studies.
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Menstruation disorders Cross-cultural studies.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Bobes, J., J. M. Montes, J. Mostaza, F. Rico-Villademoros, E. Vieta, and J. Saiz-Ruiz. "Gynaecological and Obstetric Comorbidities in Patients with Bipolar Disorder: A Systematic Review." European Psychiatry 24, S1 (January 2009): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(09)70825-9.
Full textAbstract:
Objective:To synthesize the available knowledge on gynaecological and obstetric comorbidities in patients with bipolar disorder (BD).Methods:Relevant studies were identified by a MEDLINE search from 1966 to January 2008, and supplemented by a manual review of reference lists of the articles identified and previous review articles. We included studies with any design, in patients with BD as diagnosed by any criteria, with sample size ≥30 patients, and reporting any measure of frequency or association as regards the comorbidities. When available, priority was given to comparative studies.Results:We identified 4 studies: 3 were comparative; 1 was cross-sectional and 3 were retrospective cohort studies; 1 was population-based study; and 4 used a convenience sample. A retrospective study reported an increased risk of pregnancy complications in patients with BD (OR1.23, 95%CI 1.06-1.44) but not of labor/delivery or neonatal complications; as compared to controls, patients with BD had an increased risk of placenta previa (OR2.04, 95% CI 1.11-3.73), antepartum hemorrhage (OR 1.66, 95%CI 1.15-2.39), and drug side-effects (OR 3.94, 95%CI 1.46-10.62). In another retrospective study, patients with BD had an increased risk of endometriosis (OR: 1.93, 95%CI 1.37-2.70), inflammatory disease of ovary (OR 2.17, 95%CI 1.84-2.57), and disorders of menstruation (OR 1.79, 95%CI 1.56-2.05). In a cross-sectional study, gynaecological disorders were more common in patients with BD than in patients with schizophrenia (4% vs 1.3%).Conclusion:Although the information is scanty, available data suggest that patients with BD might have an increased risk of gynaecological and obstetric comorbidities/complications.
2
Gibson, Douglas A., Ioannis Simitsidellis, Frances Collins, and Philippa T. K. Saunders. "Androgens, oestrogens and endometrium: a fine balance between perfection and pathology." Journal of Endocrinology 246, no. 3 (September 2020): R75—R93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/joe-20-0106.
Full textAbstract:
The endometrium is a complex multicellular tissue that is exquisitely sensitive to the actions of sex steroids synthesised in the ovary (endocrine system). Recent studies have highlighted a previously under-appreciated role for local (intracrine) metabolism in fine-tuning tissue function in both health and disease. In this review we have focused on the impact of oestrogens and androgens on endometrial function summarising data from studies on normal endometrial physiology and disorders including infertility, endometriosis and cancer. We consider the evidence that expression of enzymes including aromatase, sulphatase and AKR1C3 by endometrial cells plays an important role in tissue function and malfunction and discuss results from studies using drugs targeting intracrine pathways to treat endometrial disorders. We summarise studies exploring the spatial and temporal expression of oestrogen receptors (ERalpha/ESR1, ERbeta/ESR2 and GPER) and their role in mediating the impact of endogenous and synthetic ligands on cross-talk between vascular, immune, epithelial and stromal cells. There is a single androgen receptor gene and androgens play a key role in stromal-epithelial cross-talk, scar-free healing of endometrium during menstruation and regulation of cell proliferation. The development of new receptor-selective drugs (SERMs, SARMs, SARDs) has reinvigorated interest in targeting receptor subtypes in treatment of disorders including endometriosis and endometrial cancer and some show promise as novel therapies. In summary, understanding the mechanisms regulated by sex steroids provides the platform for improved personalised treatment of endometrial disorders as well as novel insights into the impact of steroids on processes such as tissue repair and regeneration.
3
Chowdhury, Mossamat Afroza, Md Monoarul Haque, Shahanaz Chowdhury, and Md Shafiullah Prodhania. "Determinants of Infertility Among Couples Seeking Treatment in A Selected Clinic in Dhaka City." Chattagram Maa-O-Shishu Hospital Medical College Journal 13, no. 3 (November 29, 2014): 42–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cmoshmcj.v13i3.21021.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Infertility is a global health issue affecting approximately 8-10% of couples and has multidimensional problem with social, economic and cultural implications, which can take threatening proportions in countries with strong demographic problems. Objective: To investigate the determinants of infertility among couples seeking treatment. Methodology: A cross sectional study was conducted in selected private clinic of Dhaka city among 196 infertile couple by face to face interview using pretested semi structured questionnaire.Results: The sample studied consisted of 196 infertile couple. One third (38%) aged 26-30 years, majority Muslims (96%), housewives (72%) and one fourth (24%) had education level of secondary to higher secondary. Slightly more than half of their family income was taka 5361-21270. More than three fourth (66%) had primary infertility. Concerning the determinants of infertility polycystic ovary, hormonal imbalance, and fallopian tube blockage was 19%, 16% and 7% respectively but unexplained factors (28%) crossed the other factors. Only male factor was 10% and combined male and female factors were 10% among study subjects. Regarding the daily habits of the male participants, 18% were smokers.Conclusions: The determinants of female infertility are problems in the fallopian tubes and the uterus, disorders of menstruation, sexual disorders, age and ovarian failure. Female infertility is a complex problem that should be considered carefully by the government and stakeholders in each country in order to find effective interventions and solutions.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cmoshmcj.v13i3.21021
4
Rahayu, Esty Puji. "The Correlation of Menstruation and Levels of Hemoglobin with Learning Motivation of Midwifery Student." Jurnal Ners dan Kebidanan (Journal of Ners and Midwifery) 4, no. 2 (October 16, 2017): 115–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.26699/jnk.v4i2.art.p115-119.
Full textAbstract:
The nutritional problems in Indonesia that still need serious attention from all parties include: lack of vitamin A, iodine deficiency disorders,anemia, and growth disorders.Factors affecting Hb levels in girls are blood loss caused by menstrual bleeding, lack of Fe in the food consumed, chronic diseases, changing patterns of young women from previously organized to less regular, an imbalance between nutritional intake and Activities performed. Lack of Hb levels is the cause of anemia. Lazy, often sleepy and weakness is one of the effects of low Hb levels. A student who is anemic, less motivated to learn so less can produce high achievement. The research design uses correlational analytic method with cross-sectional approach. In this study population is all female D3 midwifes 2nd semester academic year 2015-2016. Sampling in this research is done by using simple random sampling. The questionnaire used to measure learning motivation was a validated questionnaire was taken from Pintrich et.al's A Manual for the Use of the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ) of 30 items. Data of menstruation relationship with learning motivation using Chi Square test with result of menstrual relationship with learning motivation with p = 0,003 (p <0,05). The correlation of Hb level with learning motivation was analyzed using Spearman Rank Test test with the result of correlation between Hb level with learning motivation p = 0,036 (p <0,05)Keyword : The nutritional problems in Indonesia that still need serious attention from all parties include: lack of vitamin A, iodine deficiency disorders,anemia, and growth disorders.Factors affecting Hb levels in girls are blood loss caused by menstrual bleeding, lack of Fe in the food consumed, chronic diseases, changing patterns of young women from previously organized to less regular, an imbalance between nutritional intake and Activities performed. Lack of Hb levels is the cause of anemia. Lazy, often sleepy and weakness is one of the effects of low Hb levels. A student who is anemic, less motivated to learn so less can produce high achievement. The research design uses correlational analytic method with cross-sectional approach. In this study population is all female D3 midwifes 2nd semester academic year 2015-2016. Sampling in this research is done by using simple random sampling. The questionnaire used to measure learning motivation was a validated questionnaire was taken from Pintrich et.al's A Manual for the Use of the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ) of 30 items. Data of menstruation relationship with learning motivation using Chi Square test with result of menstrual relationship with learning motivation with p = 0,003 (p <0,05). The correlation of Hb level with learning motivation was analyzed using Spearman Rank Test test with the result of correlation between Hb level with learning motivation p = 0,036 (p <0,05)Keyword : menstruation, Hb, studies motivation
5
Baena-García, Laura, Virginia A. Aparicio, Ana Molina-López, Pilar Aranda, Laura Cámara-Roca, and Olga Ocón-Hernández. "Premenstrual and menstrual changes reported after COVID-19 vaccination: The EVA project." Women's Health 18 (January 2022): 174550572211122. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/17455057221112237.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Menstrual disorders were not reported as a possible secondary effect in any of the clinical trials for the SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. Aim: To describe the prevalence of perceived premenstrual and menstrual changes after COVID-19 vaccine administration. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: A total of 14,153 women (mean age 31.5 ± 9.3 years old) who had received the full course of vaccination at least three months earlier were included in this cross-sectional study. Data including the type of vaccine administered, perceived changes in the amount and duration of menstrual bleeding, presence of clots, cycle length, and premenstrual symptoms were collected through a retrospective online survey from June to September 2021. Results: Of the women who participated in this study, 3136 reported no menstrual changes and 11,017 (78% of the study sample) reported experiencing menstrual cycle changes after vaccination. In summary, women who reported menstrual changes after vaccination were older (overall p < 0.001) and slightly more smokers ( p = 0.05) than women who did not report any changes. The most prevalent changes in relation to premenstrual symptoms were increased fatigue (43%), abdominal bloating (37%), irritability (29%), sadness (28%), and headaches (28%). The most predominant menstrual changes were more menstrual bleeding (43%), more menstrual pain (41%), delayed menstruation (38%), fewer days of menstrual bleeding (34.5%), and shorter cycle length (32%). Conclusion: Women vaccinated against COVID-19 usually perceive mild menstrual and premenstrual changes. Future studies are warranted to clarify the physiological mechanisms behind these widely reported changes.
6
Silalahi, Veronica. "HUBUNGAN TINGKAT KECEMASAN DENGAN SIKLUS MENSTRUASI PADA MAHASISWI TINGKAT AKHIR." JURNAL KESEHATAN MERCUSUAR 4, no. 2 (October 30, 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.36984/jkm.v4i2.213.
Full textAbstract:
Menstruation is a natural process in every woman and repeats itself every month. Irregular menstrual cycles are one of the signs of menstrual disorders and can be caused by anxiety. The phenomenon found by female students has anxiety with the final task and the menstrual cycle is not normal. The study's aim to analyze the relationship anxiety levels and the late-level menstrual cycle of St.Vincentius a Paulo College of Health Sciences, Surabaya. Design with correlation studies with a cross-sectional. The sample number was 56 respondents using the Simple Random Sampling technique. Anxiety levels were measured by the Psychometric Properties of The Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 42 (DASS 42) questionnaire and the menstrual cycle with menstrual cycle questionnaire. The results showed 38% had very severe anxiety, 23.2% no anxiety, 19.6% severe anxiety, 12.5% moderate anxiety, 7.1% mild anxiety, and more than half (61%) had normal menstrual cycles. Analysis of data with spearman rank test with a value of p = 0.098 (p>0.05) which means there is no relationship between anxiety levels and menstrual cycles in final-level students. Irregular menstrual can be caused by other factors such as weight, physical activity. College students can maintain a diet, regular exercise, and manage self-anxiety.
Keywords : menstrual cycle, anxiety level
7
Fitriningtyas, Enno, Endang Sri Redjeki, and Agung Kurniawan. "USIA MENARCHE, STATUS GIZI, DAN SIKLUS MENSTRUASI SANTRI PUTRI." Preventia : The Indonesian Journal of Public Health 2, no. 2 (December 30, 2017): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.17977/um044v2i2p58-56.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract: A female teenager, puberty is marked by beginning of menstruation, its called the age of menarche. Menstruation should have a reguler cycle that is 21-35 days. Teenagers with less or more nutritional status have the risk of menstrual cycle disorders. Currenly, the health condition in a religious boarding schools are not considered. Whereas most of female students are school-age tenaager, they will be the next generation, that their qualities must be prepared carefully. The purpose of this study is to know the correlation the age of menarche and nutritional status with the menstrual cycle female students in Nurul Huda a religious boarding school for moslem at Malang regency. This study is an correlational-quantitative studies with the cross sectional approach’s. The samples are 50 female students chosen by purposive sampling technique. Data analysis is using the alternative test of chi square test i.e fisher test. The results showed that in the first, 74% female students have age menarche in the normal category (11-13 years old), 74% have a normal nutritional status (BMI 18.5-25.0) and 68% have a normal menstrual cycle (21-25 days). Second, the correlation test showed that there is no correlation between the age of menarche and menstrual cycle, with p-value = 0.082 and there is a significant correlation between the nutritional status and menstruation cycle in female students, with p-value = 0.001(α = 0.05).Keyword: menarche, nutritional status, menstrual cycle, female studentAbstrak: Pada remaja putri, pubertas ditandai dengan permulaan menstruasi yang disebut dengan usia menarche. Menstruasi seharusnya memiliki siklus yang teratur yaitu 21-35 hari. Remaja dengan status gizi kurang ataupun lebih memiliki resiko terjadinya gangguan siklus menstruasi. Saat ini kondisi kesehatan di pondok pesantren masih dipandang sebelah mata. Padahal sebagian besar santri putri di pondok pesantren adalah remaja usia sekolah yang merupakan generasi penerus harapan bangsa yang kualitasnya harus dipersiapkan dengan sebaik-baiknya. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan usia menarche dan status gizi dengan siklus menstruasi santri putri di Pondok Pesantren Nurul Huda. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif korelasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Jumlah sampel adalah 50 orang yang dipilih dengan teknik purposive sampling. Analisis data menggunakan uji alternatif chi-square yaitu uji fisher. Hasil penelitian adalah sebagai berikut: pertama, 74% mengalami menarche kategori usia normal (11-13 tahun), 76% memiliki status gizi kategori normal (IMT 18,5-25,0) dan 68% memiliki siklus menstruasi kategori normal (21-35 hari). Kedua, uji korelasi menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara usia menarche dengan siklus menstruasi santri putri, diketahui nilai p-value = 0,082, sedangkan ada hubungan yang signifikan antara status gizi dengan siklus menstruasi santri putri p-value = 0,001 (α = 0,05).Kata Kunci: usia menarche, status gizi, siklus menstruasi, santri putri
8
Monserrat Hernández, Montserrat, Ángeles Arjona Garrido, Juan Carlos Checa Olmos, and Darío Salguero García. "Relationship between Negative Running Addiction and Eating Disorder Patterns in Runners." Nutrients 13, no. 12 (December 1, 2021): 4344. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13124344.
Full textAbstract:
Current studies show an increase in the risk of eating disorders in runners. Since it is known that abusive exercise can be both a cause and a consequence of such developments, the main objective of the present study was to examine the risk and possible relationships between negative running addiction (NRA), as measured by the reduced and validated SAS-40 scale, and the tendency to be a compulsive eater (measured by YFAS 2.0), anorexia nervosa (AN), and/or bulimia nervosa (BN) (measured by EAT-40). This study highlights the novelty of researching the level of influence of NRA on each defined eating disorder. Method: A total of 167 Spanish-speaking federated runners in cross-country and track running (42% women and 58% men), with an average age of 24 years and an average BMI of 21 kg/m2, responded to an online questionnaire that asked about sociodemographic data and the Spanish versions of the SAS-40, YFAS 2, YFAS 3, and YFAS 4. Through a quantitative methodology using logistic regressions—the coefficient of determination and Pearson’s correlation coefficient—we created a sample analysis that related the significant items of the DSM-V to the results of the questionnaires administered, as well as their relationship with the practice of the sport in question and various variables of the environment. Results: The rates of CE, AN, and BN were 65, 11.4, and 16.2%, respectively. The tendency towards CE increased with a lower weight (r = 0.156, p < 0.05), not having been overweight in childhood (r = 0.151, p < 0.05), and being a long-distance runner (r = 0.123 p < 0.05). The risk of AN increased with the absence of menstruation for more than 3 months (r = 0.271 p < 0.01), having suffered from childhood obesity (r = 0.213 p < 0.05), and being underweight (r = 0.064 p < 0.05). The risk of BN increased with having suffered from childhood obesity (r = 0.194 p < 0.05), having a higher weight (r = 0.140, p < 0.05), and practicing athletics, especially the relay modality (r = 0.044 p < 0.05). Conclusions: A considerable number of runners are at risk of suffering from some type of eating disorder. A significant relationship was observed between long-distance runners and the risk of eating disorders (AN, BN, and CE), and the association is stronger for CE than for AN and BN. Lastly, childhood experiences (such as being obese/a healthy weight) were notorious for increasing the risk of eating disorders. Further studies are needed to research each particular parameter and the relationships between the possible levels of dependence on exercise. Level of evidence: Level III, cohort analytic study.
9
Vale, Beatriz, Sara Brito, Lígia Paulos, and Pascoal Moleiro. "Menstruation disorders in adolescents with eating disorders – target body mass index percentiles for their resolution." Einstein (São Paulo) 12, no. 2 (June 2014): 175–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1679-45082014ao2942.
Full textAbstract:
Objective To analyse the progression of body mass index in eating disorders and to determine the percentile for establishment and resolution of the disease.Methods A retrospective descriptive cross-sectional study. Review of clinical files of adolescents with eating disorders.Results Of the 62 female adolescents studied with eating disorders, 51 presented with eating disorder not otherwise specified, 10 anorexia nervosa, and 1 bulimia nervosa. Twenty-one of these adolescents had menstrual disorders; in that, 14 secondary amenorrhea and 7 menstrual irregularities (6 eating disorder not otherwise specified, and 1 bulimia nervosa). In average, in anorectic adolescents, the initial body mass index was in 75thpercentile; secondary amenorrhea was established 1 month after onset of the disease; minimum weight was 76.6% of ideal body mass index (at 4th percentile) at 10.2 months of disease; and resolution of amenorrhea occurred at 24 months, with average weight recovery of 93.4% of the ideal. In eating disorder not otherwise specified with menstrual disorder (n=10), the mean initial body mass index was at 85thpercentile; minimal weight was in average 97.7% of the ideal value (minimum body mass index was in 52nd percentile) at 14.9 months of disease; body mass index stabilization occured at 1.6 year of disease; and mean body mass index was in 73rd percentile. Considering eating disorder not otherwise specified with secondary amenorrhea (n=4); secondary amenorrhea occurred at 4 months, with resolution at 12 months of disease (mean 65th percentile body mass index).Conclusion One-third of the eating disorder group had menstrual disorder − two-thirds presented with amenorrhea. This study indicated that for the resolution of their menstrual disturbance the body mass index percentiles to be achieved by female adolescents with eating disorders was 25-50 in anorexia nervosa, and 50-75, in eating disorder not otherwise specified.
10
Lidaka, Lasma, Laine Bekere, Gunta Lazdane, Iveta Dzivite-Krisane, Anda Kivite-Urtane, and Linda Gailite. "Non-Classical Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia-Causing Alleles in Adolescent Girls with PCOS and in Risk Group for PCOS Development." Diagnostics 11, no. 6 (May 28, 2021): 980. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11060980.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrinopathy in women. Depending on the diagnostic criteria applied, it occurs in up to 16.6% of the general female population. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia includes a group of autosomal recessive disorders, the most common of which is non-classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia (NCAH) caused by mutations in the CYP21A2 gene. PCOS and NCAH have similar clinical manifestations (hyperandrogenemia, i.e., hirsutism, acne, alopecia, and increased androgen levels in the blood) and potential impact on long-term health (infertility, increased risk of type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Consequently, it is thought that NCAH mutations in the heterozygous state may play a role in PCOS development and phenotypic expression. Objective: To determine the prevalence of the most common pathogenic alleles of the CYP21A2 gene in adolescents with PCOS and adolescents at risk of PCOS development, and to compare the results with healthy adolescents matched for gynecological age. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 55 PCOS patients, 23 risk patients (with hyperandrogenism but a normal menstrual cycle), and 49 healthy adolescents. Genetic variations in the CYP21A2 gene were analyzed using a standard Multiplex Ligation-dependent Probe Amplification test (SALSA MLPA Probemix P050-C1 CAH; MRC Holland). Results: No significant differences were found among the three groups regarding the frequency of carriers of NCAH variations in the heterozygous state. It was found that the I172N carrier in the PCOS group had a significantly higher Global Acne Grading Scale score than PCOS patients without this variation (p = 0.038). Within the control group of healthy adolescents, compound heterozygous carriers (IVS2-12A > G and -113G > A) had a significantly higher body mass index than non-carriers (p = 0.036). Conclusion: We found no differences in the incidence of NCAH-causing variations in the heterozygous state in adolescent PCOS patients, risk adolescents (with hirsutism but normal menstruation), and healthy adolescents. Future studies of larger cohorts and rarer pathogenic CYP21A2 gene variations are required.
11
Gawda, Barbara. "Cross-cultural studies on the prevalence of personality disorders." Current Issues in Personality Psychology 6, no. 4 (2018): 318–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5114/cipp.2018.80200.
Full text
12
Verhulst, Frank C. "Cross-cultural studies of the prevalence of psychiatric disorders." Current Opinion in Pediatrics 3, no. 4 (August 1991): 630–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00008480-199108000-00011.
Full text
13
Das, Netri, and Anadi Swami Tasa. "Menstrual hygiene: knowledge and practices during menstruation among adolescent girls in urban slums of Jorhat district, Assam, India." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 6, no. 7 (June 28, 2019): 3068. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20192853.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Menstruation is still clouded by taboos and socio-cultural restrictions resulting in adolescent girls remaining ignorant of the facts of menstruation and hygienic practices, which sometimes results in adverse health outcomes. The present study was carried out to assess the knowledge and practices regarding menstrual hygiene, to find out the disorders during menstruation and to determine the factors associated with existing practices of menstrual hygiene among adolescent girlsMethods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in two randomly selected urban slums of Jorhat district from March to August 2017 among 110 adolescent girls using predesigned pretested proforma. Data were analyzed using SPSS; association was determined using chi-square test with Yates correction or Fisher’s exact test, as appropriate.Results: 47.27% girls were aware about menstruation prior to menarche. Mother was the first informant in 65.38% of them. 69.09% were ignorant about the source of menstrual bleeding. Sanitary pads were used by 59.09% of girls. Majority (97.27%) practiced some form of restriction during menstruation. Dysmenorrhoea was the most common complaint (53.63%). Type of absorbent used was significantly associated with literacy status of girls and their mothers, socio-economic status, religion and prior knowledge about menstruation. Educational status of girls and their mothers were also significantly associated with satisfactory cleaning of external genitalia during menstruation.Conclusions: Ignorance and unsafe practices regarding menstruation, menstruation related problems and traditional beliefs and restrictions are quite common among adolescent girls in urban slums. Literacy status and awareness are the most important factors affecting the menstrual behaviours.
14
Pate, Jennifer E., Andres J. Pumariega, Colleen Hester, and David M. Garner. "CROSS-CULTURAL PATTERNS IN EATING DISORDERS: A REVIEW." Pediatrics 94, no. 4 (October 1, 1994): A42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.94.4.a42a.
Full textAbstract:
Eating disorders were previously thought to be isolated to achievement-oriented, upper and middle class individuals in Western countries. It now appears that these disorders may be increasing in other sectors of society and in a number of diverse cultural settings. We review the studies that comprise the relevant cross-cultural research literature on eating disorders. We also discuss the changing cultural factors that may be contributing to the apparent increase in these disorders around the world and directions for future research on such factors.
15
Morrison, Joanna, Machhindra Basnet, Anju Bhatt, Sangeeta Khimbanjar, Sandhya Chaulagain, Nepali Sah, Sushil Baral, Therese Mahon, and Marian Hodgkin. "Girls’ Menstrual Management in Five Districts of Nepal: Implications for Policy and Practice." Studies in Social Justice 12, no. 2 (December 29, 2018): 251–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.26522/ssj.v12i2.1623.
Full textAbstract:
Discriminatory practices related to menstruation affect the social, mental and physical wellbeing of girls in many low-and middle-income countries. We conducted mixed methods research in five districts of Nepal to explore how menstruation affected girls’ ability to fully participate in school and community life. We conducted 860 structured interviews, 26 group interviews and 10 focus group discussions with schoolgirls in rural areas,14 semi-structured interviews with girls’ mothers, and 10 interviews with health teachers. Girls in all districts experienced social, material and information barriers to confident menstrual management. Menstrual blood was believed to carry diseases, and girls’ movement was restricted to contain ritual pollution and protect them from illness, spirit possession, and sexual experiences. Taboos prevented girls from worshipping in temples or in their home, and some girls were not allowed to enter the kitchen, or sleep in their home while menstruating. Teachers and parents felt unprepared to answer questions about menstruation and focused on the maintenance of restrictions. Teachers and students were embarrassed discussing menstruation in school and classes were not question-driven or skills-based. Gender disaggregated teaching of menstruation and engagement of health facility staff may have positive effects. Community participatory approaches that engage girls, their families and the wider community are necessary to address harmful cultural practices. Cross-sectoral approaches to provide clean, private, safe spaces for girls and increased availability of preferred materials could enable confident menstrual management.
16
Terracciano, Antonio, and Robert R. McCrae. "Cross-cultural studies of personality traits and their relevance to psychiatry." Epidemiologia e Psichiatria Sociale 15, no. 3 (September 2006): 176–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1121189x00004425.
Full textAbstract:
SUMMARYAims – This article provides a brief review of recent cross-cultural research on personality traits at both individual and culture levels, highlighting the relevance of recent findings for psychiatry. Method – In most cultures around the world, personality traits can be clearly summarized by the five broad dimensions of the Five-Factor Model (FFM), which makes it feasible to compare cultures on personality and psychopathology. Results – Maturational patterns and sex differences in personality traits generally show cultural invariance, which generates the hypothesis that age of onset, clinical evolution, and sex differences in the prevalence of psychiatric disorders might follow similar universal patterns. The average personality profiles from 51 cultures show meaningful geographical distributions and associations with culture-level variables, but are clearly unrelated to national character stereotypes. Conclusions – Aggregate personality scores can potentially be related to epidemiological data on psychiatric disorders, and dimensional personality models have implications for psychiatric diagnosis and treatment around the world.Declaration of Interest: This research was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Institute on Aging. Robert R. McCrae receives royalties from the Revised NEO Personality Inventory.
17
Matsunaga, Hisato, and Soraya Seedat. "Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders: Cross-national and Ethnic Issues." CNS Spectrums 12, no. 5 (May 2007): 392–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1092852900021180.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACTEpidemiological and clinical data from a variety of cultural and geographic settings on obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and many of the obsessive-compulsive spectrum disorders, suggest that this is a group of disorders with a good degree of transcultural homogeneity. However, the content and themes that predominate in patients with these disorders, and the course of illness, can be shaped by cultural, ethnic, and religious experiences. Across cultures, OCD is commonly comorbid with mood, anxiety, and impulse-control disorders. However, little is known about the mechanisms by which culture and ethnicity may affect the expression of OCD and related disorders. Cross-national comparative studies exploring culturally influenced differences in clinical course, treatment outcome, including ethnogenetic differences in drug response, and prognosis are needed.
18
Rodríguez-Biglieri, Ricardo, and Giselle Lorena Vetere. "Psychometric Characteristics of the Penn State Worry Questionnaire in an Argentinean Sample: A Cross-Cultural Contribution." Spanish journal of psychology 14, no. 1 (May 2011): 452–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5209/rev_sjop.2011.v14.n1.41.
Full textAbstract:
Although studies in several populations have provided support for Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSQW) reliability and validity, factor analysis studies carried out on different populations show divergent results. The aim of this article is to contribute with the cross-cultural literature on PSWQ. This report describes two studies examining the psychometric characteristics of a revised Argentinean version of the PSWQ. In the first study, items of original PSWQ were translated into Spanish and then back-translated into English. Then, in order to examine its reliability and factorial structure, the instrument was completed by 400 community participants. The second study included two groups of participants as follows: patients with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), and patients with other anxiety disorders (AC). Results revealed appropriated test-retest reliability over a four-week period, high internal consistency, and good convergent and discriminant validity for PSWQ. In concordance with some results reported in previous studies, a single factorial structure was confirmed for the Argentinean version of PSWQ. By the other hand, a receiver operating characteristic analysis was made to evaluate the ability of PSWQ to discriminate GAD from individuals with others anxiety disorders. A total score of 63 simultaneously optimized sensitivity and specificity in discriminating GAD patients from patients with others anxiety disorders.
19
Kleinman, Arthur. "Anthropology and Psychiatry." British Journal of Psychiatry 151, no. 4 (October 1987): 447–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.151.4.447.
Full textAbstract:
To illustrate the contribution anthropology can make to cross-cultural and international research in psychiatry, four questions have been put to the cross-cultural research literature and discussed from an anthropological point of view: ‘To what extent do psychiatric disorders differ in different societies?’ ‘Does the tacit model of pathogenicity/pathoplasticity exaggerate the biological aspects of cross-cultural findings and blur their cultural dimensions?’ ‘What is the place of translation in cross-cultural studies?’ and ‘Does the standard format for conducting cross-cultural studies in psychiatry create a category fallacy?’ Anthropology contributes to each of these concerns an insistence that the problem of cross-cultural validity be given the same attention as the question of reliability, that the concept of culture be operationalised as a research variable, and that cultural analysis be applied to psychiatry's own taxonomies and methods rather than just to indigenous illness beliefs of native populations.
20
Heim, Eva, Andreas Maercker, and Diana Boer. "Value Orientations and Mental Health: A Theoretical Review." Transcultural Psychiatry 56, no. 3 (March 29, 2019): 449–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1363461519832472.
Full textAbstract:
Cross-national epidemiological studies show that prevalence rates of common mental disorders (i.e. depression, anxiety disorders, and PTSD) vary considerably between countries, suggesting cultural differences. In order to gather evidence on how culture relates to the aetiology and phenomenology of mental disorders, finding meaningful empirical instruments for capturing the latent (i.e. non-visible) construct of ‘culture’ is vital. In this review, we suggest using value orientations for this purpose. We focus on Schwartz's value theory, which includes two levels of values: cultural and personal. We identified nine studies on personal values and four studies on cultural values and their relationship with common mental disorders. This relationship was assessed among very heterogeneous cultural groups; however, no consistent correlational pattern occurred. The most compelling evidence suggests that the relationship between personal values and mental disorders is moderated by the cultural context. Hence, assessing mere correlations between personal value orientations and self-reported symptoms of psychopathology, without taking into account the cultural context, does not yield meaningful results. This theoretical review reveals important research gaps: Most studies aimed to explain how values relate to the aetiology of mental disorders, whereas the question of phenomenology was largely neglected. Moreover, all included studies used Western instruments for assessing mental disorders, which may not capture culturally-specific phenomena of mental distress. Finding systematic relationships between values and mental disorders may contribute to making more informed hypotheses about how psychopathology is expressed under different cultural circumstances, and how to culturally adapt psychological interventions.
21
Jiang, Nan, and Jing Wang. "EFFECTS OF SOCIAL SUPPORT ON PERSONS’ NEUROLOGICAL WELL-BEING:IMPLICATIONS FROM CROSS-CULTURAL STUDIES." Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (November 2019): S817. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.3012.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The impact of social determinants on health is well documented. Among them, social support has emerged as one of the most important old ideas being revisited from a new perspective. Social support refers to perceived supportive resources from an individual’s social engagement or social network. Recently, the concept of social support has become the subject of intense discussion, as it represents a mechanism by which interventions lead to health improvement. Neuropsychological disorders, on the other hand, represent a large burden on worldwide health. Research has shown that older adults with neurological conditions are embedded in social structures that may affect their outcomes, but not enough attention has been paid to the potential effect of social support on many neurological conditions. Using data collected from studies across cultures that have sought to understand neurological well-being worldwide, this symposium will present evidence of the relationship between social support and neurological conditions among older adults and explore how these mechanisms of social support extend the understanding of health disparities in old-age neurological wellbeing. A discussant will draw out common themes from these papers and connect them with the broader literature on the effect of social support on neurological well-being. We propose that social support constitutes an integral part of medical care for older adults with neurological conditions. This symposium will generate insights to help clinical practitioners more effectively design their social support interventions.
22
Thorpe, Holly, Julie Brice, and Anna Rolleston. "Decolonizing Sport Science: High Performance Sport, Indigenous Cultures, and Women's Rugby." Sociology of Sport Journal 37, no. 2 (June 1, 2020): 73–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ssj.2019-0098.
Full textAbstract:
To date, there is little research focusing on the role of culture and Indigenous ways of knowing in Western science-dominated high performance sporting environments. This paper takes inspiration from the emerging field of Postcolonial Science Studies and feminist Indigenous scholars to explore how Aotearoa (New Zealand) Black Ferns Sevens players from Māori and Samoan descent make meaning of their bodies within Westernized high performance sporting spaces. Drawing upon a thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews with 18 members of the Black Ferns Sevens squad, we illustrate how players navigate divergent cultural value systems within and across various aspects of the high performance sport environment, including training, nutrition, menstruation, and the everyday quantification of their bodies. This paper also reveals some of the important considerations, learnings, and vulnerabilities experienced during this cross-cultural research collaboration, and highlights the need for more research by/with/for Indigenous women in high performance sport environment.
23
Essau, C. A., S. I. Ishikawa, and S. Sasagawa. "Early learning experience and adolescent anxiety: A cross-cultural comparison between Japan and England." European Psychiatry 26, S2 (March 2011): 2046. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(11)73749-x.
Full textAbstract:
Anxiety disorders are among the most common psychiatric conditions in children and adolescents. One of the most consistent findings across studies is that anxiety disorders tend to run in families. While these high prevalence rates suggest that anxiety may be “transmitted” within the family, the exact mechanism involved in this transmission is still unclear. An area that has been suggested in the transmission of anxiety from parents to children is the role of learning experiences (i.e., through modeling and information transfer). While these studies have enhanced our knowledge on the association between learning experience and anxiety symptoms, it is not known whether these findings which were based on studies conducted in Western culture could be replicated in Eastern culture.The present study compared the frequency of anxiety symptoms among adolescents in Japan and England, and examined the association between early learning experiences and anxiety symptoms. 299 adolescents (147 from England and 152 from Japan) were investigated. Adolescents in England reported significantly higher levels of anxiety symptoms than adolescents in Japan. No significant differences emerged between the two countries for parent punishment/reinforcement of anxious behavior. However, for non-anxiety symptoms, adolescents in England scored significantly higher in parent punishment and the Japanese sample scored higher in parent reinforcement. Parent verbal transmission about the danger of anxiety and cold symptoms was more common in Japan than in England. The impact of learning experience on adolescent's anxiety seemed to differ across cultures, which underscore the importance of cultural factors on adolescent's anxiety.
24
Ganiger, Fakirappa B., Safeekh AT, Somashekhar Bijjal, and Manisha Sharma. "Prevalence and characteristics of Thyroid dysfunction in patients with Depressive Disorders presenting to Tertiary care center- A cross-sectional study." Kerala Journal of Psychiatry 35, no. 1 (April 19, 2022): 301. http://dx.doi.org/10.30834/kjp.35.1.2022.301.
Full text
25
Kira, Ibrahim A., Mounir H. Fawzi, and Mohab M. Fawzi. "The dynamics of cumulative trauma and trauma types in adults patients with psychiatric disorders: Two cross-cultural studies." Traumatology 19, no. 3 (2013): 179–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1534765612459892.
Full text
26
Kirmayer, Laurence J., and Harry Minas. "The Future of Cultural Psychiatry: An International Perspective." Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 45, no. 5 (June 2000): 438–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/070674370004500503.
Full textAbstract:
Cultural psychiatry has evolved along 3 lines: 1) cross-cultural comparative studies of psychiatric disorders and traditional healing; 2) efforts to respond to the mental health needs of culturally diverse populations that include indigenous peoples, immigrants, and refugees; and 3) the ethnographic study of psychiatry itself as the product of a specific cultural history. These studies make it clear that culture is fundamental both to the causes and course of psychopathology and also to the effectiveness of systems of healing. The provision of mental health services in multicultural societies has followed different models that reflect their specific histories of migration and ideologies of citizenship. Globalization has influenced psychiatry through socioeconomic effects on the prevalence and course of mental disorders, changing notions of ethnocultural identity, and the production of psychiatric knowledge. A cultural perspective can help clinicians and researchers become aware of the hidden assumptions and limitations of current psychiatric theory and practice and can identify new approaches appropriate for treating the increasingly diverse populations seen in psychiatric services around the world.
27
Chayal, Vinod, Garima Shivhare, Ramesh Verma, Meenakshi Kalhan, Rohit Dhaka, Ginni Agrawal, Gopal Kumar, Aman Sachdewa, Vidya Sagar, and Jitesh Satija. "Socio-demographic correlates of menstrual problems among school going adolescent girls in a rural block of Haryana." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 8, no. 4 (March 25, 2021): 1680. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20211216.
Full textAbstract:
Background: In the last few years, there has been a significant shift on the subject of human reproduction from mainly a ‘demographic issue’ to a broader ‘women’s health and development issue.’ Malnutrition, infection, early and repeated child bearing play an important role in determining menstrual problems of females in India. The other risk factors among women are the existing socio-economic and cultural environmental conditions. The present study was undertaken to know the prevalence of menstrual disorders and its various determinants in rural women of Haryana (Block Beri).Methods: The study was of descriptive type, undertaken on 252 adolescent girls (14-18 years) in a rural block of Haryana (Block Beri), the field practice area attached to department of community medicine Pt. B.D. Sharma PGIMS, Rohtak. Design used was cross-sectional. The subjects were selected by systematic random sampling technique. Informed verbal consent was taken. A semi-structured interview schedule was used. The data was analyzed by using percentages, proportions.Results: 48.8% of adolescent girls in the study group were suffering from menstrual problems. No statistically significant association of menstrual disorders was observed with type of family, age group, caste and literacy status. Income and mother’s education were statistically significantly associated with menstrual problems.Conclusions: It can be concluded from the study that even though menstrual problems are widely prevalent in the adolescent girls they are not addressed properly. Moreover, there is a need to generate awareness about menstruation at school level.
28
Odeniyi, OlanikeA, OluwadamilolaO Ojo, IfedayoAdeola Odeniyi, and NjidekaUlunma Okubadejo. "Association of serum uric acid and non-motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease: A cross-sectional study from a movement disorders clinic in Lagos, Nigeria." Journal of Clinical Sciences 19, no. 3 (2022): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jcls.jcls_29_22.
Full text
29
Hendrie, Hugh C., Sujuan Gao, and Olusegun Baiyewu. "A Comparison of Symptoms of Behavioral Disturbances in Yoruba and African American Individuals With Dementia." International Psychogeriatrics 12, S1 (July 2000): 403–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610200007353.
Full textAbstract:
Comparative cross-cultural studies represent a great opportunity for delineating risk factors for the dementias by providing a much wider diversity of both environmental exposures and genetic variation than studies within industrialized countries. Similarly, studies of the behavioral disturbances of dementia that allow for identification of similarities and differences may be useful both in understanding the etiology of these disorders and in determining the best approach to management. So far, few such comparative studies exist.
30
Izydorczyk, Bernadetta, Ha Truong Thi Khanh, Sebastian Lizińczyk, Katarzyna Sitnik-Warchulska, Małgorzata Lipowska, and Adrianna Gulbicka. "Body Dissatisfaction, Restrictive, and Bulimic Behaviours among Young Women: A Polish–Japanese Comparison." Nutrients 12, no. 3 (February 29, 2020): 666. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12030666.
Full textAbstract:
The growing number of women, who are characterized by restrictive and bulimic behaviours towards their own body is observed especially in countries influenced by Westernalization. However, there is a lack of cross-cultural studies in this area. The main aim of the present study was to examine the psychological and socio-cultural risk factors for eating disorders in Polish and Japanese women. A cross-sectional research study was conducted among 18- to 29-year old Polish (n = 89) and Japanese (n = 97) women. The variables were measured using the Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Scale SATAQ-3, and the Eating Disorders Inventory EDI-3. The descriptive and comparative statistics, Spearman’s rho, and the stepwise regression analysis were used. The global internalization of socio-cultural standards of body image proved to be a significant predictor of Body Dissatisfaction among Polish and Japanese women. The main analysis showed a significant relation between the Drive for Thinness and Interoceptive Deficits in the group of Japanese women, as well as a correlation between Drive for Thinness and Asceticism in the group of Polish women. The obtained results could improve the prevention aimed the dysfunctional eating behaviours. However, the cultural nuances need to be considered in understanding the risk factors for eating disorders.
31
Rathner, G., F. Túry, P. Szabó, M. Geyer, G. Rumpold, A. Forgács, W. Söllner, and G. Plöttner. "Prevalence of eating disorders and minor psychiatric morbidity in Central Europe before the political changes in 1989: a cross-cultural study." Psychological Medicine 25, no. 5 (September 1995): 1027–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291700037521.
Full textAbstract:
SYNOPSISThe prevalence of culture-bound syndromes such as eating disorders in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe is unclear and comparative epidemiological studies are lacking. Before the political changes in 1989 we therefore investigated eating disorders, eating attitudes and psychological health in two Eastern European countries and in one Western democracy. A total of 1225 female and male medical students in Hungary, the German Democratic Republic (GDR) and Austria were surveyed. The instruments included the Eating Disorder Inventory and the GHQ. The prevalence of eating disorders was calculated on the basis of simulated DSM-III-R diagnosis. In females, bulimia nervosa prevalence rates of 0·6% (95% CI 0·02, 3·46), 1% (0·2, 2·95) and 0% (0, 2·07) were calculated for Austria, Hungary and the GDR, respectively. For subclinical bulimia nervosa, the rate for Hungary (3·8%; 1·95, 6·72) was twice as high as for Austria (1·9%; 0·39, 5·5) and the GDR (1·7%; 0·36, 4·88). Hungarian subjects indicated more psychiatric ‘caseness’ than their GDR or Austrian counterparts. We conclude that eating disorders represented at least as common a problem in Eastern as Western Europe before the changes in political organization. This may be due to an identification process with Western values. A further increase of eating disorders in these countries induced by the recent changes may be possible.
32
Kokou-Kpolou, Kossigan, Daniel Mbassa Menick, Charlemagne S. Moukouta, Lucy Baugnet, and Dzodzo E. Kpelly. "A Cross-Cultural Approach to Complicated Grief Reactions Among Togo–Western African Immigrants in Europe." Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology 48, no. 8 (July 24, 2017): 1247–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022022117721972.
Full textAbstract:
Many researchers have noted that bereavement is a major stress factor associated with the etiopathogeny of psychological disorders among immigrants, but until now, the grief reactions of these ethnic minorities have not been analyzed. This study aims to examine the impact of the migration trajectory (immigration status and duration) as well as the use of ritual support to cope with grief reactions in the context of migration. Fifty-four migrants and 20 refugees ( N = 74) in France and Belgium were surveyed regarding their experience of mourning a family member. The results showed that complicated grief is associated with the status and duration of immigration. A majority of refugees reported a deterioration of their social life when the duration of their immigration exceeded 10 years. Feeling guilty, dazed or stunned, loneliness, bitterness, numbness, and emptiness made up the spectrum of severe and persistent guilt reactions. Those who took part in bereavement rituals suffered less from feelings of guilt and despondency. Eldest siblings presented a very high rate of complicated grief. These findings were discussed using a psycho-cultural approach; they demonstrated that in the context of migration, grief reactions develop around the principle of debt, based on the parent–child relationship inextricably associated with a feeling of belonging to the ethnic group and collective memory.
33
Sotgiu, Igor, Dario Galati, Mayra Manzano, Marina Gandione, Kyuttzza Gómez, Yuniel Romero, and Roberto Rigardetto. "Parental Attitudes, Attachment Styles, Social Networks, and Psychological Processes in Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Cross-Cultural Perspective." Journal of Genetic Psychology 172, no. 4 (October 2011): 353–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00221325.2010.544342.
Full text
34
Prata Ribeiro, Henrique, Inês Carreira Figueiredo, Joana Vitória-Silva, Pedro Barata, Eduardo Palha Fernandes, and Tiago Reis Marques. "Translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the Arizona Sexual Scale (ASEX) into Portuguese." Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy 41, no. 3 (September 2019): 247–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2237-6089-2018-0056.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Introduction Sexual dysfunction is common in individuals with psychiatric disorders and under psychotropic medication such as antidepressants and antipsychotics. Several scales have been developed to assess sexual function in these patients. The Arizona Sexual Scale (ASEX) is a five-item rating scale that quantifies sex drive, arousal, vaginal lubrication/penile erection, ability to reach orgasm, and satisfaction from orgasm. We describe the translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the ASEX into the Portuguese language, with the goal of contributing to the assessment of sexual function in Portuguese-speaking psychiatric patients under treatment with psychotropic drugs. Methods The translation and cross-cultural adaptation process thoroughly followed the steps recommended by the Task Force of the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research (ISPOR), namely: preparation, forward translation, reconciliation, back-translation, back-translation review, harmonization, cognitive debriefing, review of cognitive debriefing, finalization, proofreading, and final version. Results The process was successfully completed and no major differences were found between the translation, reconciliation and back-translation phases, with only small adjustments being made. Conclusion The translation of the ASEX was completed successfully, following international reference guidelines. The use of these guidelines is a guarantee of a Portuguese version that is qualitatively and semantically equivalent to the original scale. This availability of this new scale version will enable studies evaluating the sexual function of Portuguese-speaking psychiatric patients. Future studies may assess the validity of the scale for Portuguese-speaking populations.
35
Menezes, Gabriela Bezerra de, Leonardo F. Fontenelle, and Márcio Versiani. "Trans-cultural aspects of social anxiety disorder and related conditions: a Brazilian case series and a review of international clinical studies." Jornal Brasileiro de Psiquiatria 55, no. 3 (2006): 196–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0047-20852006000300004.
Full textAbstract:
Cross-cultural studies have much to teach clinicians and researchers alike about psychopathology in general and about social anxiety disorder (SAD) in particular. Unfortunately, little is known about the degree and the mechanisms through which cultural environment may influence clinical manifestations of SAD. OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to identify culture-related clinical patterns in SAD and related disorders. METHODS: We described socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of a sample of 62 adult outpatients with SAD seen at a university clinic for anxiety and depressive disorders in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and compared them with those reported in clinical samples from North America, Europe, Asia and Oceania identified through a systematic review in Medline, PsychINFO, and LILACS. RESULTS: Our comparison of trans-cultural features of SAD lends partial support to Heimberg's (1997) contention that the majority of socio-demographic features and symptoms of this disorder are relatively independent of geographic and cultural differences. CONCLUSION: Patients with SAD were almost universally characterized by: 1) a predominance of males in clinical samples; 2) early onset of the disorder; 3) high educational attainment; and 4) great frequency of comorbidities.
36
Thaker A.A. Abdulrahman, Ali Alhaj, and Mokhtar E.M. Saif. "Thalassemia Phenotypes and Associated Mortality among Yemeni Patients: A Single-Center Retrospective Analysis." Yemeni Journal for Medical Sciences 14, no. 1 (December 24, 2020): 7–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.20428/yjms.v14i1.1703.
Full textAbstract:
Objective: To retrospectively analyze thalassemia phenotypes and associated mortality among Yemeni patients seeking healthcare in Sana’a city, Yemen.
Methods: This retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted in the medical center of Yemen Society for Thalassemia and Genetic Blood Disorders (YSTGBD) in Sana'a city from January 2010 to December 2016. Data about gender, age, governorate of origin, type of thalassemia and thalassemia-related mortality were retrieved from the records of 496 thalassemia patients. Data were then entered into an Excel spreadsheet, cross-checked for accuracy and presented as frequencies and proportions. Factors associated with deaths among thalassemia patients were analyzed using chi-square or Fisher’s exact tests.
Results: A total number of 496 patients attended the medical center of YSTGBD in Sana’a city in the period from January 2010 to December 2016. The majority of thalassemia patients were males (57.9%), and approximately half of the patients were aged 10 years or younger with a comparable proportion to those older than 10 years. Most thalassemia patients had β-thalassemia (92.7%), while 7.3% had α-thalassemia. The majority of patients were from Hajjah governorate (16.5%) followed by those from Sana'a (13.1%) and Amran (11.9%), while lower proportions ranging from 0.2% to 8.1% were recorded for patients from other governorates. Thirty out of the total attending thalassemia patients died, and mortality was significantly associated with recurrent transfusions of whole blood but not with the gender and age of the patients or thalassemia phenotype.
Conclusions: The majority of thalassemia patients seeking healthcare in Sana’a city suffer from thalassemia, where males represent more than half of them and the patients are almost equally distributed in relation to the cut-off age of 10 years. The mortality incidence among Yemeni thalassemia patients seeking healthcare is lower than that reported elsewhere in the world, and mortality was significantly associated with recurrent blood transfusions. Further studies to identify the genetic abnormalities associated with thalassemia are recommended together with the need for the launch of a national center for counseling, research and supervision of voluntary activities related to thalassemia and genetic blood disorders in Yemen.
Keywords: Thalassemia, Phenotype, Mortality, Yemen
37
Hansen, Alice Ørts, Karin Knygsand-Roenhoej, and Kecia Ardensø. "Danish version of the Patient-Rated Wrist/Hand Evaluation questionnaire: Translation, cross-cultural adaptation, test–retest reliability and construct validity." Hand Therapy 24, no. 1 (October 18, 2018): 22–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1758998318807238.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction In Denmark, there is a growing need for valid, reliable and standardized patient-rated outcome measures for use in clinical practice and research. The Patient-Rated Wrist/Hand Evaluation (PRWHE) is a self-reported assessment of hand-related disorders that measures pain and functional difficulties in activities of daily living. The purpose of this study was to: (1) translate and cross-culturally adapt the PRWHE into Danish and (2) assess the reliability and construct validity of the Danish version in patients with hand-related disorders. Methods The PRWHE was translated and cross-culturally adapted into Danish using the dual-panel approach. A total of 97 patients with diverse hand-related disorders and a mean age of 52.6 years (SD 15.2) participated in the psychometric testing. They were assessed on two occasions. Test–retest reliability was assessed using the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC2.1) to assess test–retest, Cronbach’s alpha to assess internal consistency and a Bland–Altman plot to estimate measurement error. Construct validity was investigated by evaluating the relationship between the Danish PRWHE (PRWHE-DK) and the Danish validated version of the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand questionnaire (DASH). Results Psychometric testing demonstrated an excellent test–retest reliability (ICC2.1 = 0.94) and internal consistency (alpha = 0.96). A systematic error of 1.5 and a measurement error of ± 16.1 were found. Furthermore, a strong correlation was found between PRWHE-DK and DASH ( r = 0.71). Conclusions The PRWHE-DK is a reliable, valid instrument for patients with different kinds of hand-related disorders, and can be used in clinical practice and multi-cultural research studies to measure pain and functional disability.
38
Costa, Letícia Miranda Resende da, Daiane Lazzeri de Medeiros, Lilian Gerdi Kittel Ries, Audria Beretta, and Marcos Amaral de Noronha. "Assessment of cross-cultural adaptations and measurement properties of self-report outcome measures in Portuguese relevant to temporomandibular disorders: a systematic review." Fisioterapia e Pesquisa 21, no. 2 (April 2014): 107–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1809-2950/35421022014.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this study was to identify, through a systematic review, which questionnaires used to assess temporomandibular (TMD) disorders are available in the Portuguese language, describing and analyzing the procedures used to translate and adapt the questionnaire into Portuguese, as well their measurement properties. Systematic searches were performed in five electronic databases (MEDLINE by PubMed, Embase, CINAHL by EBSCO, SciELO and LILACS). All studies were analyzed according to the criteria of quality guidelines for the procedures for cross-cultural adaptation and measurement properties. There were 1.418, of which only six were eligible. Manual search retrieved two additional articles and a book chapter, totaling nine eligible studies. Four instruments were translated/adapted into Portuguese: The Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders: Axis II (RDC/TMD); the Fonseca Questionnaire and Anamnestic Index; the Questionnaire from the American Academy of Orofacial Pain (QAADO); and Mandibular Function Impairment Questionnaire (MFIQ), but none of these questionnaires where fully submitted to the steps for translation and adaptation recommended by the followed guidelines and none of the questionnaires had all measurement properties tested. The RDC/TMD and tehe MFIQ are the best available questionnaires in Portuguese to assess TMD, as were those with the most measurement properties acceptable results tested.
39
Bansal, Deepali, Rajesh Raman, and T. S. Sathyanarayana Rao. "Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder: Ranking the Symptoms and Severity in Indian College Students." Journal of Psychosexual Health 1, no. 2 (April 2019): 159–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2631831819827183.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) are common conditions causing significant impairment in various domains of life. Both the conditions are associated with physical, emotional, and behavioral symptoms. There is dearth of studies regarding symptomatology and severity of the condition in Indian college students. Aim: Aim of this study is to categorize and rank the symptoms and severity of PMDD in college students in India. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in various colleges of Mysuru. A total of 600 girls were approached over a period of 1 year. Confidentiality was assured and written informed consent was taken. Girls with irregular periods and those who had an absence of menstruation since last 3 consecutive menstrual cycles were excluded. A total of 571 filled up forms were taken for analysis. Data was analyzed using SPSS 22 version software. Chi-square test was used as the test of significance for qualitative data. Results: The mean age of participants was 21.12 ± 2.6 years. Majority of the subjects were unmarried and were from urban background. The prevalence of PMS/PMDD was 46.1%, out of which 10.2% met the criteria for PMDD. Physical symptoms (91.4%) were the most commonly reported symptom domain in the PMDD category, followed by anger or irritability (84.5%). Almost half of the subjects with no or mild PMS had reported physical symptoms. The least reported symptom was insomnia. PMDD group had reported maximum impairment in the domain of relationship with family members (77.6%), followed by home responsibilities and relationship with coworkers. Conclusion: This study suggests that the prevalence of clinically relevant PMS/PMDD is higher than widely cited estimates and is a cause of concern for health care authorities in India. Physical complaints are the most commonly reported among all the symptoms in all groups. There is a need to actively assess for premenstrual symptoms in young women for comprehensive treatment and good outcome.
40
Duan, Haiping, Feng Ning, Dongfeng Zhang, Shaojie Wang, Dong Zhang, Qihua Tan, Xiaocao Tian, and Zengchang Pang. "The Qingdao Twin Registry: A Status Update." Twin Research and Human Genetics 16, no. 1 (November 27, 2012): 79–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/thg.2012.113.
Full textAbstract:
In 1998, the Qingdao Twin Registry was initiated as the main part of the Chinese National Twin Registry. By 2005, a total of 10,655 twin pairs had been recruited. Since then new twin cohorts have been sampled, with one longitudinal cohort of adolescent twins selected to explore determinants of metabolic disorders and health behaviors during puberty and young adulthood. Adult twins have been sampled for studying heritability of multiple phenotypes associated with metabolic disorders. In addition, an elderly twin cohort has been recruited with a focus on genetic studies of aging-related phenotypes using twin modeling and genome-wide association analysis. Cross-cultural collaborative studies have been carried out between China, Denmark, Finland, and US cohorts. Ongoing data collection and analysis for the Qingdao Twin Registry will be discussed in this article.
41
Madeira, L. "Shame and Guilt in Mental Disorders - Diagnostics and Treatment." European Psychiatry 41, S1 (April 2017): S23—S24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.127.
Full textAbstract:
Guilt and shame are important human emotions, which have been studied by several different disciplines. Seminal and recent inputs in Psychology (particularly Psychoanalysis) and Psychiatry are briefly reviewed including cross-cultural considerations and developmental psychology studies on these emotions. Yet this keynote focuses in the phenomenology and epistemology of guilt and shame as complex emotions. This includes considering that guilt is experienced in two moments (decompressed into a moment of negligence and another of guilt) while shame only in one moment (prolonged in a “frozen now”). All the inputs have suggested an operationalization of epistemic and phenomenic differences considering their context, formal object, particular object and action tendency. Lastly it refers to the relation of these experiences with psychopathology and nosology concerning their adaptive and maladaptive nature, their relation with empathy as well as their presence in several disorders such as anxious, depressive and obsessive compulsive sorts.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his declaration of competing interest.
42
Sari, Mila Triana, and Daryanto Daryanto. "Pemberdayaan Masyarakat dan Keluarga melalui Pemberian Pendidikan Kesehatan dalam Merawat Anggota Keluarga dengan Gangguan Jiwa." Jurnal Abdimas Kesehatan (JAK) 3, no. 3 (November 19, 2021): 334. http://dx.doi.org/10.36565/jak.v3i3.273.
Full textAbstract:
Mental health is still a significant health problem in the world, including in Indonesia. The results of the 2018 Basic Health Research show the prevalence of severe mental disorders, such as schizophrenia, is 1.7 per 1000 population or around 400,000 people. This condition needs serious attention from all levels of cross-sectoral government both at the Central and Regional levels, as well as attention from the entire community, especially families. The lack of understanding of the community and families about how to treat People with Mental Ilness (PwMI) will have a non-optimal impact on the recovery of family members who suffer from mental disorders. The purpose of this community service is to increase the knowledge and ability of the community and family as an effort to achieve community and family independence in caring for (PWMI). The activities carried out were in the form of socialization, pre-test, health education using power points and leaflets, demonstration of how to care for (PWMI), post test and assistance to families of (PWMI). The activity was attended by village officials, health workers, community leaders, cadres and families with (PWMI). The result of this activity was an increase in the knowledge and ability of the community and family in caring for (PWMI) with a difference of 27.5% in the pre and post test scores. The conclusion is that providing health education to families and communities is effective in increasing knowledge and ability in caring for (PWMI), it is hoped that this service activity can provide information, knowledge and motivation to the community and families about how to care for (PWMI), so that it will encourage (PWMI) to live independently, productively, and confidently. in the community, free from stigma, discrimination or fear, shame and doubt also reduce the risk of recurrence in (PWMI).
43
Barua, Ankur, MK Ghosh, N. Kar, and MA Basilio. "Distribution of depressive disorders in the elderly." Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice 01, no. 02 (July 2010): 067–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0976-3147.71719.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT Background: The community-based mental health studies have revealed that the point prevalence of depressive disorders in the elderly population of the world varies between 10% and 20% depending on cultural situations. Objective: To determine the median prevalence rates of depressive disorders in the elderly population of India and various other countries in the world. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study based on meta-analysis of various study reports. Setting: Community-based mental health surveys on geriatric depressive disorders conducted in the continents of Asia, Europe, Australia, North America, and South America. Study Period: All the studies that constituted the sample were conducted between 1955 and 2005. Sample Size: After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria on published and indexed articles, 74 original research studies that surveyed a total of 4,87,275 elderly individuals in the age group of 60 years and above, residing in various parts of the world were included for the fi nal analysis. Inclusion Criteria: The researchers had included only community-based cross-sectional surveys and some prospective studies that had not excluded depression on baseline. These studies were conducted on homogenous community of elderly population in the world, who were selected by simple random sampling technique. Exclusion Criteria: All the unpublished reports and unavailable or unanalyzed or inaccessible articles from the internet were excluded from the study. Statistical Analysis: The median prevalence rate and its corresponding interquartile range (IQR), Chi-square test, and Chi-square for Linear Trend were applied. A P value <0.05 was considered as statistically signifi cant. Results and Conclusion: The median prevalence rate of depressive disorders in the world for the elderly population was determined to be 10.3% [IQR = (4.7%–16.0%)]. The median prevalence rate of depression among the elderly Indian population was determined to be 21.9% [IQR = (11.6%–31.1%)]. Although there was a signifi cant decrease trend in world prevalence of geriatric depression, it was signifi cantly higher among Indians in recent years than the rest of the world.
44
Osório, Flávia de Lima, José Alexandre de Souza Crippa, and Sonia Regina Loureiro. "Cross-cultural validation of the Brief Social Phobia Scale for use in Portuguese and the development of a structured interview guide." Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria 28, no. 3 (September 2006): 212–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-44462006000300014.
Full textAbstract:
OBJECTIVE: To present the translation and validation of the Brief Social Phobia Scale for use in Brazilian Portuguese, to develop a structured interview guide in order to systemize its use and to perform a preliminary study of inter-rater reliability. METHOD: The instrument was translated and adapted to Portuguese by specialists in anxiety disorders and rating scales. A structured interview guide was created with the aim of covering all of the items of the instrument and grouping them into six categories. Specialists in mental health evaluated the guide. These professionals also watched the videotaped interviews of patients with and without social anxiety disorders, and, based on the interview guide, they rated the scale to evaluate its reliability. RESULTS: No semantic or linguistic adjustments were needed. For the complete scale, the general evaluation showed a percentage of agreement of 0.84 and intraclass coefficient of 0.91. The mean inter-rater correlation was 0.84. CONCLUSIONS: The Portuguese-language version of the Brief Social Phobia Scale is available for use in the Brazilian population, with rather acceptable indicators of inter-rater reliability. The interview guide was useful in providing these values. Further studies are needed in order to improve the reliability and to study other psychometric properties of the instrument.
45
Shah, Vishna, Helen Nabwera, Bakary Sonko, Fatou Bajo, Fatou Faal, Mariama Saidykhan, Yamoundaw Jallow, Omar Keita, Wolf-Peter Schmidt, and Belen Torondel. "Effects of Menstrual Health and Hygiene on School Absenteeism and Drop-Out among Adolescent Girls in Rural Gambia." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 6 (March 11, 2022): 3337. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19063337.
Full textAbstract:
Poor knowledge and management of menstruation impacts girls’ school attendance and academic performance. This paper aims to explore how menstrual hygiene management practices and related factors influence school absenteeism and drop-out among primary and secondary school girls in rural Gambia. Mixed-method studies were conducted among students and key informants from 19 schools from July 2015–December 2017. Focus group discussions, in-depth interviews, cross-sectional surveys, menstrual diaries, and school water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) facility observations were used. Key findings from the interviews were that menstrual pain, cultural beliefs, fear of peers knowing menstrual status, and poor school WASH facilities led to school absenteeism, however, they had no impact on school drop-out. Of the 561 girls surveyed, 27% reported missing at least one school day per month due to menses. Missing school during the most recent menstrual period was strongly associated with menstrual pain (extreme pain adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 16.8 (95% CI: 7.29–38.74)), as was having at least one symptom suggestive of urinary tract infection (AOR = 1.71 (95% CI: 1.16–2.52)) or reproductive tract infection (AOR = 1.99 (95% CI: 1.34–2.94)). Clean toilets (AOR = 0.44 (95% CI: 0.26–75)), being happy using school latrines while menstruating (AOR = 0.59 (95% CI: 0.37–0.93)), and soap availability (AOR = 0.46 (95% CI: 0.3–0.73)) were associated with reduced odds of school absenteeism. This study suggests menstrual pain, school WASH facilities, urogenital infections, and cultural beliefs affected school attendance among menstruating girls in rural Gambia.
46
Megaputri, Putu Sukma, Ni Luh Putu Erna Purnama Wardani, Dewi Aprelia Meriyani, and Bayu Oka Widiarta. "Peer Group Proximity and Self-Esteem Among Bully Adolescents in Buleleng and Jembrana Regency." NurseLine Journal 6, no. 2 (November 17, 2021): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/nlj.v6i2.19397.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Bullying can be a mental problem for adolescents that has an impact on psychological disorders to suicide, not only for the victim but also for the bully. Handling the impact of bullying so far has only focused on victims, attention should also be directed to bully, because bully is the main actor in the occurrence of bullying. Purpose: To analyze the relationship between self-esteem and peer group proximity with bully behavior among adolescents in Buleleng and Jembrana. Methods: Quantitative research with a cross-sectional approach, samples were taken from junior high school students in Buleleng and Jembrana Districts. The measuring instrument used a questionnaire to screen adolescents who tend to be bully, a self-esteem questionnaire, a peer group closeness questionnaire and a bully behavior questionnaire. The number of samples in this study were 78 people taken by stratified random sampling technique. Univariate analysis was carried out to determine the sociodemographic characteristics of the respondents, then the analysis of the relationship between self-esteem and bully behavior used Rank Spearman as well as the relationship between peer group proximity and bully behavior. Results: Self-esteem has a significant relationship with p <0.05, r = -0.867 with teenage bullying. Peer group closeness has a significant relationship with p <0.05, r = -0.556 with bully behavior. Conclusion: Self-esteem and peer group proximity are significantly associated with bullying behavior. The higher the level of self-esteem and peer group closeness, the lower the bullying's behavior.
47
Al-Zubairi, Lutf M., Adel A. Al-Emad, Mabrook Bin Mohanna, and Tawfik H. Al-Bada’ani. "Prevalence of Nocturnal Enuresis among Schoolchildren in Sana’a City, Yemen." Yemeni Journal for Medical Sciences 12, no. 1 (November 12, 2018): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.20428/yjms.v12i1.1361.
Full textAbstract:
Objective: To estimate the prevalence, frequency and time of nocturnal enuresis (NE) among primary schoolchildren in Sana’a city, Yemen.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study was conducted among 2689 schoolchildren in the primary schools of four randomly selected districts in Sana’a city in the period from September 2012 to December 2013. Data about sociodemographic characteristics, frequency, time, psycho-social effects and the factors possibly associated with NE among children were collected using a pre-designed questionnaire and analyzed using appropriate statistical tests.
Results: The overall prevalence of NE was 11.2%, which was significantly higher among males than females (13.0% vs. 10.0%, respectively; P = 0.044) and decreased significantly with increasing age (P <0.001). More than half of children (55.3%) in Sana’a city had the habits of drinking excess fluids and tea at night and/or deep sleeping. Of physical and health disorders, difficulty in breathing and urinary tract infections were the two most frequent conditions among children with NE, being observed among 29.6% and 23.9% of cases, respectively. However, urogenital anomalies and mental retardation were the least frequent conditions in children with NE, being observed among 5.8% and 1.3% of cases, respectively. On the other hand, marital problems (24.8%) and arrival of a new baby (17.9%) were the most frequently observed social conditions among children with NE, while death in the family (8.5%) and parental separation (6.0%) were the least frequently observed conditions.
Conclusions: NE is prevalent among 11.2% of schoolchildren in Sana’a city with a significantly higher, though slight, rate among males. This rate is lower than the rates reported from Aden and Mukalla cities in the country and from Saudi Arabia and Turkey. However, it is higher than those reported from Iran and Malaysia. About a third of children experience nightly NE, whereas the lowest proportion of children experience NE twice a month. The habits of drinking excess fluid and tea at night and/or deep sleeping, the disorders of difficulty in breathing and urinary tract infections and the social conditions of marital problems and arrival of a new baby are the most frequent observations among children with NE in Sana’a city.
48
Garcia, Marília Barbosa Santos, Ana Paula Amaral, Cid Andre Fidelis de Paula Gomes, Fabiano Politti, and Daniela Aparecida Biasotto-Gonzalez. "Systematic review of the measurement properties of instruments utilized to diagnose Temporomandibular Disorders according to the COSMIN checklist." Brazilian Journal of Oral Sciences 15, no. 4 (September 20, 2017): 308. http://dx.doi.org/10.20396/bjos.v15i4.8650046.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction: Most of the instruments used in Brazil to diagnose Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD) were developed in another Language. To effectively use instruments that were created in another language, it must be translated into the relevant target language before cross-cultural adaptation. Clinimetric tests should also be performed. Measurement properties consist of quality criteria related to evaluation instruments. These criteria are necessary to determine the quality of the instruments used in Brazil. Objectives: The aim of the present systematic review was to assess the quality of the measurement properties of instruments utilized to diagnose TMD. Methods: Systematic searches were performed of the PUBMED, SCIELO, LILACS and SCIENCE DIRECT databases. Studies addressing questionnaires translated and cross-culturally adapted for use in Brazil were retrieved and the quality of the measurement properties was analyzed using the COSMIN checklist. Results: In the 11 eligible articles, 10 instruments were identified. The studies were evaluated based on their analysis of structural validity, internal consistency, reproducibility (concordance and reliability), responsiveness, ceiling effect and floor effect. None the assessment tools had all its measurement properties tested. Conclusion: The measurement properties of the instruments were not completely tested. Thus, care must be taken when interpreting the scores of these questionnaires.
49
Khait, Abdallah Abu, and Juliette Shellman. "The Translation and Cross-Cultural Adaptation of an Arabic Version of the Reminiscence Functions Scale." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2020): 343. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.1102.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The Reminiscence Functions Scale (RFS), a 43 item reliable and valid scale, measures eight specific reasons as to why individuals reminisce: (a) identity (b) death preparation; (c) problem-solving; (d) bitterness revival; (e) boredom reduction; (f) intimacy maintenance; (g) conversation; and (h) teach/Inform others. Research indicates that certain reminiscence functions have a positive impact on the mental-health and well-being of older adults. However, no known studies have been conducted in Arab countries examining the relationship between reminiscence functions and mental health outcomes due to the lack of an Arabic version of the RFS. The purpose of this study was to translate the RFS from English to Arabic (Modern Standard Arabic), back-translate from Arabic to English, and compare the two English versions for equivalence and accuracy through a multi-step translation method. A team of bilingual, bicultural, Arabic speaking experts assembled to conduct the forward, back translation and harmonization process. In the next step, professionals with expertise in linguistics communication sciences and disorders, Arabic literature, geriatric nursing, and medicine reviewed the translated documents to assess the content (relevant to the target culture) and semantic equivalencies (similarity of meaning in the target culture). Challenges that occurred during the study included finding nuanced translation equivalences for Likert scale responses, translation of idioms such as “when time is heavy on my hands”, and logistical issues such as coordinating virtual meetings for the team of experts. Lessons learned during the translation process and implications for use of the RFS-Arabic version with Jordanian older adults will be presented.
50
Ng, B. "FC20-06 - Cultural variation in depressive symptom burden and attribution of mental health ailments among older latinos." European Psychiatry 26, S2 (March 2011): 1926. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(11)73630-6.
Full textAbstract:
BackgroundThe influence of acculturation and nativity on depression in Latinos remains highly contested. One potential source of ambiguity is variation in their beliefs about the causes of their mental health ailments.MethodsWe conducted cross-sectional analyses of 450 older Latinos attending a rural mental health clinic near the U.S.-Mexico border. Primary diagnosis was grouped in one of 5 categories. The Center for Epidemiological Studies of Depression (CES-D) scale was used to measure depressive symptoms. Cultural variables included nativity and a validated acculturation scale. Patients rated their level of endorsement of 13 causes of mental health ailments A one-way ANOVA was conducted to identify cultural predictors of attribution items.ResultsLatinos had a mean age of 70.9 (SD = 9.1). The most common primary diagnoses were depressive disorders (67.1%) and dementia (15.3%). The mean CES-D score was 15.08 (SD = 18.16), but higher for the more acculturated (p = 0.048), and patients with psychotic (M = 26.31, SD = 19.78) and bipolar (M = 26.05, SD = 19.54) disorders. Acculturation increased attribution of mental health ailments to significant others (ρ = 0.091; p = 0.054), difficulty with work (ρ = 0.162; p = 0.001), and hereditary factors (r = 0.202, 95% CI = 0.002, 0.403). Patients with psychotic disorders were most likely to attribute their symptoms to curses (p = 0.001) and supernatural factors (p = 0.024) compared to other diagnostic categories.ConclusionsAcculturated Latinos attriattribute their mental health ailments to life circumstances. This may intensify depressive symptoms and partly explains the relationship between acculturation and depressive symptoms. Further, the patients’ major diagnosis must be considered when evaluating acculturative influences on depression in psychiatric populations.