Academic literature on the topic 'Menstruation disorders Cross-cultural studies'
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Journal articles on the topic "Menstruation disorders Cross-cultural studies"
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Bobes, J., J. M. Montes, J. Mostaza, F. Rico-Villademoros, E. Vieta, and J. Saiz-Ruiz. "Gynaecological and Obstetric Comorbidities in Patients with Bipolar Disorder: A Systematic Review." European Psychiatry 24, S1 (January 2009): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(09)70825-9.
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Objective:To synthesize the available knowledge on gynaecological and obstetric comorbidities in patients with bipolar disorder (BD).Methods:Relevant studies were identified by a MEDLINE search from 1966 to January 2008, and supplemented by a manual review of reference lists of the articles identified and previous review articles. We included studies with any design, in patients with BD as diagnosed by any criteria, with sample size ≥30 patients, and reporting any measure of frequency or association as regards the comorbidities. When available, priority was given to comparative studies.Results:We identified 4 studies: 3 were comparative; 1 was cross-sectional and 3 were retrospective cohort studies; 1 was population-based study; and 4 used a convenience sample. A retrospective study reported an increased risk of pregnancy complications in patients with BD (OR1.23, 95%CI 1.06-1.44) but not of labor/delivery or neonatal complications; as compared to controls, patients with BD had an increased risk of placenta previa (OR2.04, 95% CI 1.11-3.73), antepartum hemorrhage (OR 1.66, 95%CI 1.15-2.39), and drug side-effects (OR 3.94, 95%CI 1.46-10.62). In another retrospective study, patients with BD had an increased risk of endometriosis (OR: 1.93, 95%CI 1.37-2.70), inflammatory disease of ovary (OR 2.17, 95%CI 1.84-2.57), and disorders of menstruation (OR 1.79, 95%CI 1.56-2.05). In a cross-sectional study, gynaecological disorders were more common in patients with BD than in patients with schizophrenia (4% vs 1.3%).Conclusion:Although the information is scanty, available data suggest that patients with BD might have an increased risk of gynaecological and obstetric comorbidities/complications.
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Gibson, Douglas A., Ioannis Simitsidellis, Frances Collins, and Philippa T. K. Saunders. "Androgens, oestrogens and endometrium: a fine balance between perfection and pathology." Journal of Endocrinology 246, no. 3 (September 2020): R75—R93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/joe-20-0106.
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The endometrium is a complex multicellular tissue that is exquisitely sensitive to the actions of sex steroids synthesised in the ovary (endocrine system). Recent studies have highlighted a previously under-appreciated role for local (intracrine) metabolism in fine-tuning tissue function in both health and disease. In this review we have focused on the impact of oestrogens and androgens on endometrial function summarising data from studies on normal endometrial physiology and disorders including infertility, endometriosis and cancer. We consider the evidence that expression of enzymes including aromatase, sulphatase and AKR1C3 by endometrial cells plays an important role in tissue function and malfunction and discuss results from studies using drugs targeting intracrine pathways to treat endometrial disorders. We summarise studies exploring the spatial and temporal expression of oestrogen receptors (ERalpha/ESR1, ERbeta/ESR2 and GPER) and their role in mediating the impact of endogenous and synthetic ligands on cross-talk between vascular, immune, epithelial and stromal cells. There is a single androgen receptor gene and androgens play a key role in stromal-epithelial cross-talk, scar-free healing of endometrium during menstruation and regulation of cell proliferation. The development of new receptor-selective drugs (SERMs, SARMs, SARDs) has reinvigorated interest in targeting receptor subtypes in treatment of disorders including endometriosis and endometrial cancer and some show promise as novel therapies. In summary, understanding the mechanisms regulated by sex steroids provides the platform for improved personalised treatment of endometrial disorders as well as novel insights into the impact of steroids on processes such as tissue repair and regeneration.
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Chowdhury, Mossamat Afroza, Md Monoarul Haque, Shahanaz Chowdhury, and Md Shafiullah Prodhania. "Determinants of Infertility Among Couples Seeking Treatment in A Selected Clinic in Dhaka City." Chattagram Maa-O-Shishu Hospital Medical College Journal 13, no. 3 (November 29, 2014): 42–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cmoshmcj.v13i3.21021.
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Background: Infertility is a global health issue affecting approximately 8-10% of couples and has multidimensional problem with social, economic and cultural implications, which can take threatening proportions in countries with strong demographic problems. Objective: To investigate the determinants of infertility among couples seeking treatment. Methodology: A cross sectional study was conducted in selected private clinic of Dhaka city among 196 infertile couple by face to face interview using pretested semi structured questionnaire.Results: The sample studied consisted of 196 infertile couple. One third (38%) aged 26-30 years, majority Muslims (96%), housewives (72%) and one fourth (24%) had education level of secondary to higher secondary. Slightly more than half of their family income was taka 5361-21270. More than three fourth (66%) had primary infertility. Concerning the determinants of infertility polycystic ovary, hormonal imbalance, and fallopian tube blockage was 19%, 16% and 7% respectively but unexplained factors (28%) crossed the other factors. Only male factor was 10% and combined male and female factors were 10% among study subjects. Regarding the daily habits of the male participants, 18% were smokers.Conclusions: The determinants of female infertility are problems in the fallopian tubes and the uterus, disorders of menstruation, sexual disorders, age and ovarian failure. Female infertility is a complex problem that should be considered carefully by the government and stakeholders in each country in order to find effective interventions and solutions.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cmoshmcj.v13i3.21021
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Rahayu, Esty Puji. "The Correlation of Menstruation and Levels of Hemoglobin with Learning Motivation of Midwifery Student." Jurnal Ners dan Kebidanan (Journal of Ners and Midwifery) 4, no. 2 (October 16, 2017): 115–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.26699/jnk.v4i2.art.p115-119.
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The nutritional problems in Indonesia that still need serious attention from all parties include: lack of vitamin A, iodine deficiency disorders,anemia, and growth disorders.Factors affecting Hb levels in girls are blood loss caused by menstrual bleeding, lack of Fe in the food consumed, chronic diseases, changing patterns of young women from previously organized to less regular, an imbalance between nutritional intake and Activities performed. Lack of Hb levels is the cause of anemia. Lazy, often sleepy and weakness is one of the effects of low Hb levels. A student who is anemic, less motivated to learn so less can produce high achievement. The research design uses correlational analytic method with cross-sectional approach. In this study population is all female D3 midwifes 2nd semester academic year 2015-2016. Sampling in this research is done by using simple random sampling. The questionnaire used to measure learning motivation was a validated questionnaire was taken from Pintrich et.al's A Manual for the Use of the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ) of 30 items. Data of menstruation relationship with learning motivation using Chi Square test with result of menstrual relationship with learning motivation with p = 0,003 (p <0,05). The correlation of Hb level with learning motivation was analyzed using Spearman Rank Test test with the result of correlation between Hb level with learning motivation p = 0,036 (p <0,05)Keyword : The nutritional problems in Indonesia that still need serious attention from all parties include: lack of vitamin A, iodine deficiency disorders,anemia, and growth disorders.Factors affecting Hb levels in girls are blood loss caused by menstrual bleeding, lack of Fe in the food consumed, chronic diseases, changing patterns of young women from previously organized to less regular, an imbalance between nutritional intake and Activities performed. Lack of Hb levels is the cause of anemia. Lazy, often sleepy and weakness is one of the effects of low Hb levels. A student who is anemic, less motivated to learn so less can produce high achievement. The research design uses correlational analytic method with cross-sectional approach. In this study population is all female D3 midwifes 2nd semester academic year 2015-2016. Sampling in this research is done by using simple random sampling. The questionnaire used to measure learning motivation was a validated questionnaire was taken from Pintrich et.al's A Manual for the Use of the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ) of 30 items. Data of menstruation relationship with learning motivation using Chi Square test with result of menstrual relationship with learning motivation with p = 0,003 (p <0,05). The correlation of Hb level with learning motivation was analyzed using Spearman Rank Test test with the result of correlation between Hb level with learning motivation p = 0,036 (p <0,05)Keyword : menstruation, Hb, studies motivation
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Baena-García, Laura, Virginia A. Aparicio, Ana Molina-López, Pilar Aranda, Laura Cámara-Roca, and Olga Ocón-Hernández. "Premenstrual and menstrual changes reported after COVID-19 vaccination: The EVA project." Women's Health 18 (January 2022): 174550572211122. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/17455057221112237.
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Background: Menstrual disorders were not reported as a possible secondary effect in any of the clinical trials for the SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. Aim: To describe the prevalence of perceived premenstrual and menstrual changes after COVID-19 vaccine administration. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: A total of 14,153 women (mean age 31.5 ± 9.3 years old) who had received the full course of vaccination at least three months earlier were included in this cross-sectional study. Data including the type of vaccine administered, perceived changes in the amount and duration of menstrual bleeding, presence of clots, cycle length, and premenstrual symptoms were collected through a retrospective online survey from June to September 2021. Results: Of the women who participated in this study, 3136 reported no menstrual changes and 11,017 (78% of the study sample) reported experiencing menstrual cycle changes after vaccination. In summary, women who reported menstrual changes after vaccination were older (overall p < 0.001) and slightly more smokers ( p = 0.05) than women who did not report any changes. The most prevalent changes in relation to premenstrual symptoms were increased fatigue (43%), abdominal bloating (37%), irritability (29%), sadness (28%), and headaches (28%). The most predominant menstrual changes were more menstrual bleeding (43%), more menstrual pain (41%), delayed menstruation (38%), fewer days of menstrual bleeding (34.5%), and shorter cycle length (32%). Conclusion: Women vaccinated against COVID-19 usually perceive mild menstrual and premenstrual changes. Future studies are warranted to clarify the physiological mechanisms behind these widely reported changes.
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Silalahi, Veronica. "HUBUNGAN TINGKAT KECEMASAN DENGAN SIKLUS MENSTRUASI PADA MAHASISWI TINGKAT AKHIR." JURNAL KESEHATAN MERCUSUAR 4, no. 2 (October 30, 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.36984/jkm.v4i2.213.
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Menstruation is a natural process in every woman and repeats itself every month. Irregular menstrual cycles are one of the signs of menstrual disorders and can be caused by anxiety. The phenomenon found by female students has anxiety with the final task and the menstrual cycle is not normal. The study's aim to analyze the relationship anxiety levels and the late-level menstrual cycle of St.Vincentius a Paulo College of Health Sciences, Surabaya. Design with correlation studies with a cross-sectional. The sample number was 56 respondents using the Simple Random Sampling technique. Anxiety levels were measured by the Psychometric Properties of The Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 42 (DASS 42) questionnaire and the menstrual cycle with menstrual cycle questionnaire. The results showed 38% had very severe anxiety, 23.2% no anxiety, 19.6% severe anxiety, 12.5% moderate anxiety, 7.1% mild anxiety, and more than half (61%) had normal menstrual cycles. Analysis of data with spearman rank test with a value of p = 0.098 (p>0.05) which means there is no relationship between anxiety levels and menstrual cycles in final-level students. Irregular menstrual can be caused by other factors such as weight, physical activity. College students can maintain a diet, regular exercise, and manage self-anxiety.
Keywords : menstrual cycle, anxiety level
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Fitriningtyas, Enno, Endang Sri Redjeki, and Agung Kurniawan. "USIA MENARCHE, STATUS GIZI, DAN SIKLUS MENSTRUASI SANTRI PUTRI." Preventia : The Indonesian Journal of Public Health 2, no. 2 (December 30, 2017): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.17977/um044v2i2p58-56.
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Abstract: A female teenager, puberty is marked by beginning of menstruation, its called the age of menarche. Menstruation should have a reguler cycle that is 21-35 days. Teenagers with less or more nutritional status have the risk of menstrual cycle disorders. Currenly, the health condition in a religious boarding schools are not considered. Whereas most of female students are school-age tenaager, they will be the next generation, that their qualities must be prepared carefully. The purpose of this study is to know the correlation the age of menarche and nutritional status with the menstrual cycle female students in Nurul Huda a religious boarding school for moslem at Malang regency. This study is an correlational-quantitative studies with the cross sectional approach’s. The samples are 50 female students chosen by purposive sampling technique. Data analysis is using the alternative test of chi square test i.e fisher test. The results showed that in the first, 74% female students have age menarche in the normal category (11-13 years old), 74% have a normal nutritional status (BMI 18.5-25.0) and 68% have a normal menstrual cycle (21-25 days). Second, the correlation test showed that there is no correlation between the age of menarche and menstrual cycle, with p-value = 0.082 and there is a significant correlation between the nutritional status and menstruation cycle in female students, with p-value = 0.001(α = 0.05).Keyword: menarche, nutritional status, menstrual cycle, female studentAbstrak: Pada remaja putri, pubertas ditandai dengan permulaan menstruasi yang disebut dengan usia menarche. Menstruasi seharusnya memiliki siklus yang teratur yaitu 21-35 hari. Remaja dengan status gizi kurang ataupun lebih memiliki resiko terjadinya gangguan siklus menstruasi. Saat ini kondisi kesehatan di pondok pesantren masih dipandang sebelah mata. Padahal sebagian besar santri putri di pondok pesantren adalah remaja usia sekolah yang merupakan generasi penerus harapan bangsa yang kualitasnya harus dipersiapkan dengan sebaik-baiknya. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan usia menarche dan status gizi dengan siklus menstruasi santri putri di Pondok Pesantren Nurul Huda. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif korelasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Jumlah sampel adalah 50 orang yang dipilih dengan teknik purposive sampling. Analisis data menggunakan uji alternatif chi-square yaitu uji fisher. Hasil penelitian adalah sebagai berikut: pertama, 74% mengalami menarche kategori usia normal (11-13 tahun), 76% memiliki status gizi kategori normal (IMT 18,5-25,0) dan 68% memiliki siklus menstruasi kategori normal (21-35 hari). Kedua, uji korelasi menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara usia menarche dengan siklus menstruasi santri putri, diketahui nilai p-value = 0,082, sedangkan ada hubungan yang signifikan antara status gizi dengan siklus menstruasi santri putri p-value = 0,001 (α = 0,05).Kata Kunci: usia menarche, status gizi, siklus menstruasi, santri putri
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Monserrat Hernández, Montserrat, Ángeles Arjona Garrido, Juan Carlos Checa Olmos, and Darío Salguero García. "Relationship between Negative Running Addiction and Eating Disorder Patterns in Runners." Nutrients 13, no. 12 (December 1, 2021): 4344. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13124344.
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Current studies show an increase in the risk of eating disorders in runners. Since it is known that abusive exercise can be both a cause and a consequence of such developments, the main objective of the present study was to examine the risk and possible relationships between negative running addiction (NRA), as measured by the reduced and validated SAS-40 scale, and the tendency to be a compulsive eater (measured by YFAS 2.0), anorexia nervosa (AN), and/or bulimia nervosa (BN) (measured by EAT-40). This study highlights the novelty of researching the level of influence of NRA on each defined eating disorder. Method: A total of 167 Spanish-speaking federated runners in cross-country and track running (42% women and 58% men), with an average age of 24 years and an average BMI of 21 kg/m2, responded to an online questionnaire that asked about sociodemographic data and the Spanish versions of the SAS-40, YFAS 2, YFAS 3, and YFAS 4. Through a quantitative methodology using logistic regressions—the coefficient of determination and Pearson’s correlation coefficient—we created a sample analysis that related the significant items of the DSM-V to the results of the questionnaires administered, as well as their relationship with the practice of the sport in question and various variables of the environment. Results: The rates of CE, AN, and BN were 65, 11.4, and 16.2%, respectively. The tendency towards CE increased with a lower weight (r = 0.156, p < 0.05), not having been overweight in childhood (r = 0.151, p < 0.05), and being a long-distance runner (r = 0.123 p < 0.05). The risk of AN increased with the absence of menstruation for more than 3 months (r = 0.271 p < 0.01), having suffered from childhood obesity (r = 0.213 p < 0.05), and being underweight (r = 0.064 p < 0.05). The risk of BN increased with having suffered from childhood obesity (r = 0.194 p < 0.05), having a higher weight (r = 0.140, p < 0.05), and practicing athletics, especially the relay modality (r = 0.044 p < 0.05). Conclusions: A considerable number of runners are at risk of suffering from some type of eating disorder. A significant relationship was observed between long-distance runners and the risk of eating disorders (AN, BN, and CE), and the association is stronger for CE than for AN and BN. Lastly, childhood experiences (such as being obese/a healthy weight) were notorious for increasing the risk of eating disorders. Further studies are needed to research each particular parameter and the relationships between the possible levels of dependence on exercise. Level of evidence: Level III, cohort analytic study.
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Vale, Beatriz, Sara Brito, Lígia Paulos, and Pascoal Moleiro. "Menstruation disorders in adolescents with eating disorders – target body mass index percentiles for their resolution." Einstein (São Paulo) 12, no. 2 (June 2014): 175–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1679-45082014ao2942.
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Objective To analyse the progression of body mass index in eating disorders and to determine the percentile for establishment and resolution of the disease.Methods A retrospective descriptive cross-sectional study. Review of clinical files of adolescents with eating disorders.Results Of the 62 female adolescents studied with eating disorders, 51 presented with eating disorder not otherwise specified, 10 anorexia nervosa, and 1 bulimia nervosa. Twenty-one of these adolescents had menstrual disorders; in that, 14 secondary amenorrhea and 7 menstrual irregularities (6 eating disorder not otherwise specified, and 1 bulimia nervosa). In average, in anorectic adolescents, the initial body mass index was in 75thpercentile; secondary amenorrhea was established 1 month after onset of the disease; minimum weight was 76.6% of ideal body mass index (at 4th percentile) at 10.2 months of disease; and resolution of amenorrhea occurred at 24 months, with average weight recovery of 93.4% of the ideal. In eating disorder not otherwise specified with menstrual disorder (n=10), the mean initial body mass index was at 85thpercentile; minimal weight was in average 97.7% of the ideal value (minimum body mass index was in 52nd percentile) at 14.9 months of disease; body mass index stabilization occured at 1.6 year of disease; and mean body mass index was in 73rd percentile. Considering eating disorder not otherwise specified with secondary amenorrhea (n=4); secondary amenorrhea occurred at 4 months, with resolution at 12 months of disease (mean 65th percentile body mass index).Conclusion One-third of the eating disorder group had menstrual disorder − two-thirds presented with amenorrhea. This study indicated that for the resolution of their menstrual disturbance the body mass index percentiles to be achieved by female adolescents with eating disorders was 25-50 in anorexia nervosa, and 50-75, in eating disorder not otherwise specified.
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Lidaka, Lasma, Laine Bekere, Gunta Lazdane, Iveta Dzivite-Krisane, Anda Kivite-Urtane, and Linda Gailite. "Non-Classical Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia-Causing Alleles in Adolescent Girls with PCOS and in Risk Group for PCOS Development." Diagnostics 11, no. 6 (May 28, 2021): 980. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11060980.
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Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrinopathy in women. Depending on the diagnostic criteria applied, it occurs in up to 16.6% of the general female population. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia includes a group of autosomal recessive disorders, the most common of which is non-classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia (NCAH) caused by mutations in the CYP21A2 gene. PCOS and NCAH have similar clinical manifestations (hyperandrogenemia, i.e., hirsutism, acne, alopecia, and increased androgen levels in the blood) and potential impact on long-term health (infertility, increased risk of type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Consequently, it is thought that NCAH mutations in the heterozygous state may play a role in PCOS development and phenotypic expression. Objective: To determine the prevalence of the most common pathogenic alleles of the CYP21A2 gene in adolescents with PCOS and adolescents at risk of PCOS development, and to compare the results with healthy adolescents matched for gynecological age. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 55 PCOS patients, 23 risk patients (with hyperandrogenism but a normal menstrual cycle), and 49 healthy adolescents. Genetic variations in the CYP21A2 gene were analyzed using a standard Multiplex Ligation-dependent Probe Amplification test (SALSA MLPA Probemix P050-C1 CAH; MRC Holland). Results: No significant differences were found among the three groups regarding the frequency of carriers of NCAH variations in the heterozygous state. It was found that the I172N carrier in the PCOS group had a significantly higher Global Acne Grading Scale score than PCOS patients without this variation (p = 0.038). Within the control group of healthy adolescents, compound heterozygous carriers (IVS2-12A > G and -113G > A) had a significantly higher body mass index than non-carriers (p = 0.036). Conclusion: We found no differences in the incidence of NCAH-causing variations in the heterozygous state in adolescent PCOS patients, risk adolescents (with hirsutism but normal menstruation), and healthy adolescents. Future studies of larger cohorts and rarer pathogenic CYP21A2 gene variations are required.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Menstruation disorders Cross-cultural studies"
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Topçuoğlu, Tuba. "Parents' use of corporal punishment & children's externalising behaviour problems : a cross-cultural assessment." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.609932.
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Geach, Michele Fiona. "A cross-cultural study of eating disordered behaviour in female university residence students." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1009452.
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The compilation of information on the incidence of eating disorders in South African university residence women has been identified as an urgent matter by the National Eating Disorders Coordinating Committee (NEDCC). This study was undertaken to determine the degree of eating disordered behaviour across cultures in female university residence students from the University of Natal, Durban and Pietermaritzburg campuses, and the University of Durban Westville. The Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI) was completed by 39 black, 41 white, 6 Indian and 4 Coloured students. It was hypothesised that white women would show higher rates of disordered eating; that black women in more advanced years of study ie. those who are more acculturated, would show more disordered eating behaviour than first year black students; that black females would demonstrate higher Body Mass Index (BMI) scores than white students; and that a positive relationship would be found between Socio-economic status (SES) and disordered eating. The results of this study indicated that there was no significant difference in disordered eating among black and white female students. Degree of disordered eating did not increase with year of study. Although black students demonstrated significantly higher BMI scores than white students, there was no difference in body dissatisfaction scores. Furthermore there was no relationship found between SES and degree of disordered eating behaviour. An attempt is made to explain these results by exploring the role of acculturation to Western appearance standards.
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Dorrer, Nike Cornelia. "Women, body and eating : a social representational study in British and Tobagonian cultural contexts." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/21460.
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In this thesis I explore women's engagement with body, weight and eating from a socio-cultural perspective. I discuss the limitations of current research on body dissatisfaction and propose that women's negative appraisal of their body needs to be understood as an active engagement with their social context. Research that focuses on the interaction of ethnic/cultural differences and body dissatisfaction seeks to clarify the interrelationship between femininity, gender and culture and suggests that women's dissatisfaction with their body is linked to levels of global Westernisation. My criticism of this research is that it conceptualises culture and social knowledge in a simplistic way. I propose social representations theory and the principles of dialogicality as an alternative research paradigm and argue that such an approach can overcome the dichotomy of individual and social, inner and outer. In order to explore the interaction of the subjective with the social in relation to the negative and positive appraisal of the body an interview study was conducted in two distinct cultural contexts. In depth interviews were conducted with 14 women in the UK and 12 women in Tobago, WI. The thema recognition/disrespect was used as an interpretative frame. The results show that the meanings that were assigned to the body interlinked with socially enacted representations of self, other and femininity. While the thema recognition/disrespect could be seen to be problematised through contradictory conditions of worth in the UK, it was the notion of 'disrespect' in interrelation with representations of others that was foregrounded in women's reflections in Tobago. In both research locations women negotiated constraining or contradictory demands of femininity and 're-presented' themselves through the construction of alternative identities.
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Tanner, Janis, and University of Lethbridge Faculty of Arts and Science. "An ethnography of disordered eating in urban Canada." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Faculty of Arts and Science, 2006, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/362.
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This thesis examines the problem of disordered eating based on ethnographic fieldwork
in emergency shelters, soup kitchens, and eating disorder support groups, as well as
interviews with medical professionals, and other residents of a Canadian city. This
person-centered ethnography that explores the eating behaviors of not only those who
have been diagnosed with 'eating disorders', but also those who are unable at times to
provide themselves with food reveals that in spite of a prevailing discourse that
determines eating as an independent act, food choices and eating patterns are dependent
social 'works of the imagination' affected and shaped by social determinants and cultural
norms. From eating disorders to type 2 diabetes and 'food as gift,' the lived experience
of individuals indexes the ways in which food, power, and identity are enmeshed and
embedded within culture. This critical perspective argues that disordered eating is
socially and culturally produced and reproduced.vi, 182 leaves ; 29 cm.
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Gelaye, Bizu, Alan M. Zaslavsky, Jesse R. Fann, Marta B. Rondón, Sixto E. Sánchez, Michelle A. Williams, and Qiu-Yue Zhong. "Diagnostic Validity of the Generalized Anxiety Disorder - 7 (GAD-7) among Pregnant Women." PLoS ONE, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/552241.
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OBJECTIVE: Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) during pregnancy is associated with several adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes. A reliable and valid screening tool for GAD should lead to earlier detection and treatment. Among pregnant Peruvian women, a brief screening tool, the GAD-7, has not been validated. This study aims to evaluate the reliability and validity of the GAD-7. METHODS: Of 2,978 women who attended their first perinatal care visit and had the GAD-7 screening, 946 had a Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI). The Cronbach's alpha was calculated to examine the reliability. We assessed the criterion validity by calculating operating characteristics. The construct validity was evaluated using factor analysis and association with health status on the CIDI. The cross-cultural validity was explored using the Rasch Rating Scale Model (RSM). RESULTS: The reliability of the GAD-7 was good (Cronbach's alpha = 0.89). A cutoff score of 7 or higher, maximizing the Youden Index, yielded a sensitivity of 73.3% and a specificity of 67.3%. One-factor structure of the GAD-7 was confirmed by exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Concurrent validity was supported by the evidence that higher GAD-7 scores were associated with poor self-rated physical and mental health. The Rasch RSM further confirmed the cross-cultural validity of the GAD-7. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that the Spanish-language version of the GAD-7 may be used as a screening tool for pregnant Peruvian women. The GAD-7 has good reliability, factorial validity, and concurrent validity. The optimal cutoff score obtained by maximizing the Youden Index should be considered cautiously; women who screened positive may require further investigation to confirm GAD diagnosis.: This research was supported by an award from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R01-HD-059835) at the National Institutes of Health (NIH). The NIH had no further role in the study design; in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; and in the decision to submit the paper for publication
Revisión por pares
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Hawkins, Misty Anne. "Affective traits and adiposity : a prospective, bidirectional analysis of the African American Health study data." Thesis, Proquest, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/4840.
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Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)Research indicates that negative affective traits (e.g., depression) are predictors and consequences of excess adiposity. Given that racial minorities and positive affective traits have been underrepresented in past investigations, more prospective studies are needed which examine multiple affective traits in relation to obesity in these populations. The objective of the current study was to investigate the prospective, bidirectional associations between multiple affective traits and multiple adiposity indicators in African Americans using data from the African American Health (AAH) study. The AAH study is a prospective cohort study of African Americans aged 49-65 years at baseline (N = 998). The longest follow-up period in the current study was 9 years (N = 579). Self-reported and measured body mass index (BMI; kg/m2) and body fat percent (BF%) were used as adiposity indicators. Depressive symptoms were assessed with the 11-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D), and anxiety was assessed using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-2 (GAD-2) scale. Positive affective traits were assessed with the Vitality subscale of the Short Form-36 and Positive Affect subscale from the CES-D. Latent variable path analysis, a structural equation modeling technique, was conducted. Although fit statistics indicated that the models fit the data (RMSEA < .06), examination of the structural paths revealed that the CES-D and GAD-2 were not predictors or consequences of self-reported BMI, measured BMI, or BF% (ps > .05). Likewise, Vitality and CES-D Positive Affect were not related to any adiposity indicator (ps > .05). The results of this prospective cohort study suggest that affective traits are not predictors or consequences of adiposity in middle-aged African Americans and that this group may require obesity prevention or intervention programs with little to no emphasis on affective traits. Possible explanations for the current results include ethnic differences in the mechanistic pathways between affective traits and adiposity.
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Zahoul, Brigitte. "Prevalence of eating disturbances among South African university students : a cross-cultural comparison." Thesis, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/6048.
Full textAbstract:
A total sample of 1,105 students from the universities of Natal, Witwatersrand and the North
participated in this study. The Eating Attitude Test (EAT) and the Bulimic Investigatory Test,
Edinburgh (BITE) were administered to three female and three male student samples. Subjects
also provided biographic, demographic and weight-related information.
The majority of subjects fell within the average weight range of the Body Mass Index (BMI), with
the percentage of underweight Indian subjects being higher than the corresponding
percentages of the black and white student groups. The majority of males in each race group
have accurate weight perceptions. In contrast, the minority of females (fewer than a third) of
Indian and white females and under half of black females have accurate weight perceptions.
However, all overweight white females assessed themselves as such and 89% of overweight
black women assessed themselves as overweight. In terms of exaggerated weight perceptions,
more white and Indian females (72% and 70% respectively) consider themselves as overweight
or very overweight when they were actually of average weight, than black females (47%).
Females in each race group scored consistently higher on all scales assessed than their male
counterparts. White females exhibited the most disturbed eating behaviours and attitudes in
terms of the categorised percentage scores obtained on all scales of the BITE and EAT. No
Indian males obtained scores in the pathological range. On the EAT scale, 19% of white
females, 17% of black females and 9% of Indian females, 7% of black males and 1% of white
males obtained scores which were categorised as pathological. The more stringent criteria of
the BITE showed a lower percentage of all subjects in the pathological range, albeit still
retaining the gender discrepancy. Thirteen percent of white female students, 8% of black
females, 3% of Indian females, 2% of white males and 1% of black males obtained a
pathological score on the BITE scale.
The Indian female and male sample exhibited the healthiest eating behaviours and attitudes
relative to the other two racial groups examined.
In terms of mean scores a general trend emerged in which black males obtained higher mean
scores than white and Indian males, and black females obtained mean scores (which were
overall) similar in magnitude to those of white females.
The majority of black females who obtained pathological scores were urban raised and were
from the upper socio-economic stratum. The majority of white females who obtained
pathological scores were from urban backgrounds, had exaggerated weight perceptions and
expressed a desire to lose at least 10 kilograms of weight.Thesis (M.A.)-University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 1996.
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Kramers, Anne Louise. "Acculturation and disordered eating : an exploration of disordered eating practices across cultures." Thesis, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/3789.
Full textAbstract:
Research suggests that the eating disorders (anorexia nervosa and bulimia) represent a caricature of the sociocultural values placed on young women to achieve thinness and beauty ideals. Although eating disorders have long been thought to occur only in White, "Western" cultures, more recent research suggests that women from different cultural groups are presenting with unhealthy eating attitudes and behaviours. In South Africa's pluralistic cultural context, the effects ofcontinuous first-hand contact between cultures (acculturation) is an important area of research, especially in light ofthe hypothesised etiological role ofsociocultural factors in eating disorders. The present study aims to address the association between acculturation and disordered eating in a non-clinical sample of nursing students in Pietermaritzburg. Additionally, it aims to contribute to the development of a local acculturation instrument. The South African Acculturation Scale (SAAS) was developed based on the work of Berry (1976), Berry, Trimble and Olmedo (1986) and Berry (1997). The Individualism-Collectivism (INDCOL) scale (Hui, 1988) and the Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI, Garner & Olmsted, 1984) were included in the questionnaire profile A pilot study was undertaken on 28 students in the health arena, in order to assess the psychometric properties of the assessment instruments. The results of the pilot study yielded adequate reliability co-efficients for the SAAS, although the INDCOL scale yielded unexpectedly inconsistent results. The formal study adopted a cross-sectional design on a population of 155 nursing students. The sample consisted of37 Blacks, 33 Whites, 11 Indians and 7 Coloureds between 19 and 28 years of age. Additionally, the sample included 49 Blacks, 3 Whites, 11 Indians and 4 Coloureds greater than, or equal to 29 years ofage. The research findings suggest that both Black and White respondents display a propensity towards disordered eating. Black respondents scored higher on measures of the psychological correlates of eating disorders, and Whites scored higher on the attitudinal and behavioural measures of disordered eating. Partial support was obtained for the hypothesis that assimilation and individualist values are correlated to eating disorder pathology. The findings suggest that acculturating young women from diverse cultural and racial backgrounds present with a degree of risk for the development of eating disorders.Thesis (M.Soc.Sc) - University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2000.
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Winship, Jacqueline Ruth. "Cross-cultural variation in disordered eating attitudes and behaviours : a study of female university students in KwaZulu-Natal." Thesis, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/5742.
Full textAbstract:
There is a paucity of South African data concerning the cross-cultural incidence of
attitudes and behaviours associated with eating disorders. Research in this area has
recognised that acculturation to a Western value system appears to have a pathogenic
impact on the prevalence of disordered eating among non-Western ethnic groups.
This study aimed to explore the relationship between acculturation and disordered
eating, and to compare the level of disordered eating (as measured by the Eating
Disorders Inventory [EDI]) among black and white female university students in
KwaZulu-Natal. The roles of Body Mass Index (BMI) and socioeconomic status were
also examined.
The sample consisted of one hundred and twenty-two white female undergraduate
students from the University of Natal (Pietermaritzburg), fifteen black female
undergraduate students from the University of Natal (Pietermaritzburg), and one
hundred and fifty-four black female undergraduate students from the University of
Zululand. It was found that although black subjects obtained significantly higher scores
on the Drive for Thinness subscale of the EDI, white subjects obtained significantly
higher scores on a combination of the three subscales designated to assess disordered
eating attitudes and behaviours. Black subjects obtained significantly higher BMI
scores than white subjects, and BMI was positively correlated with Body Dissatisfaction
in both groups, and with Drive for Thinness in the white group only. No relationship
was found between socioeconomic status and disordered eating. Similarly, no
relationship was found between acculturation and disordered eating. This latter result
is partly a function of problems experienced with the measures of acculturation. A
comparison of black subjects from the two universities suggests that greater contact
with white students is influential in terms of the development of disordered eating.
The above results are discussed in terms of the available literature, and
recommendations for future research are made on the basis of the limitations of this
study. The data from this study is included in a nation wide cross-cultural study of
eating disorders initiated by the Eating Disorders Co-ordinating Committee.Thesis (M.A.)-University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 1996.
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Hyland, Colleen Anne. "Acculturation and eating attitudes and behaviours in female Chinese and Caucasian university students: a correlational and comparative study." Thesis, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/3837.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this study was to examine the role
of sociocultural factors in the occurrence of
pathological eating attitudes and behaviours by
determining the relationship between acculturation to
Canada, as a Western culture , and eating attitudes and
behaviours in a nonclinical sample of female Chinese
and Caucasian university students. In addition , as an
exploratory goal any possible relationship between
acculuturative stress and eating attitudes and
behaviours was also explored.
One hundred female Caucasian and 131 female
Chinese undergraduate students were recruited from the
University of British Columbia. Each subject was asked
to complete a Demographic Questionnaire as well as the
26 item Eating Attitudes Test (EAT; Garner, Olmsted,
Bohr, & Garfinkel, 1982). Additionally , the Chinese
subjects were asked to complete the Suinn-Lew Asian
Self-Identity Acculturation Scale (SL-ASIA; Suinn,
Rickard-Figueroa, Lew, & Vigil, 1987) and the 24 item
SAFE Acculturative Stress Scale (SAFE; Mean, Padilla, &
Maldonado, 1987).
Books on the topic "Menstruation disorders Cross-cultural studies"
1
1978-, Shail Andrew, and Howie Gillian, eds. Menstruation: A cultural history. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2005.
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2
Deśapāṇḍe, Aruṇā. Ekā "śāpā"cī janmakathā: Māsika pāḷī, eka sāmājika sã̄skr̥tika śodha. Mumbaī: Lokavāṅmaya Gr̥ha, 1994.
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3
Püschel, Erich. Die Menstruation und ihre Tabus: Ethnologie und kulturelle Bedeutung : eine ethnomedizin-geschichtliche Übersicht. Stuttgart: Schattauer, 1988.
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4
Malaguti, Raffaella. Le mie cose: Mestruazioni : storia, tecnica, linguaggio, arte e musica. [Milan]: B. Mondadori, 2005.
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5
Menstruation und weibliche Initiationsriten. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang, 2003.
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6
M, Herrera John, Lawson William B, and Sramek John J, eds. Cross cultural psychiatry. Chichester [England]: J. Wiley, 1999.
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7
Schlehe, Judith. Das Blut der fremden Frauen: Menstruation in der anderen und in der eigenen Kultur. Frankfurt [am Main]: Campus, 1987.
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8
1932-, Krippner Stanley, and Powers Susan Marie, eds. Broken images, broken selves: Dissociative narratives in clinical practice. Washington, DC: Brunner/Mazel, 1997.
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9
Knight, Chris. Blood relations: Menstruation and the origins of culture. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1991.
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10
Blood relations: Menstruation and the origins of culture. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1991.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Menstruation disorders Cross-cultural studies"
1
"10. Cross-Cultural Studies of Depressive Disorders: An Overview." In Culture and Depression, 299–324. University of California Press, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/9780520340923-015.
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2
Tanaka-Matsumi, Junko. "Abnormal Psychology and Culture." In The Handbook of Culture and Psychology, 431–67. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190679743.003.0014.
Full textAbstract:
More than a century of research on culture and psychopathology has shown that culture exerts a major influence on the identification, labeling, indigenous meaning, course, and outcome of maladaptive behaviors. The major goal of this chapter is to appraise the current state of knowledge of the relationship between culture and psychopathology. More specifically, this chapter aims to identify the contribution of different conceptual and methodological approaches to investigating the relationship between culture and psychopathology; seek integration of universal and culture specific approaches to cross-cultural psychopathology; and promote the development of linkage studies in the field of cross-cultural psychopathology in the age of globalization. These aims are pursued with a focus on major psychiatric disorders such as depression, schizophrenia, and anxiety disorders that have generated a large amount of literature from both emic and etic perspectives of psychopathology across cultures.