Academic literature on the topic 'Memory verbs'
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Journal articles on the topic "Memory verbs":
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Jung, Young-Hee, and Hee-Ran Lee. "Characteristics of Working Memory and Mental Verbs in Preschool Children." Communication Sciences & Disorders 27, no. 4 (December 31, 2022): 769–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.12963/csd.22933.
Abstract:
Objectives: The purpose of study was to examine preschool children’s attribute to understand mental verbs (emotion, cognitive) depending on their working memory ability. Methods: The participants were 45 children who were 5 years old. They were classified into groups: higher, intermediate and lower group, based on the results of a working memory task which included non-word repetition and judging whether a sentence was said with correct grammar. We analyzed their understanding of mental verbs and gave them mental verb comprehension task. Results: First, there was a statistically significant difference among the three groups in understanding mental verbs. Second, in examining the difference in comprehension between the two different types of mental verbs among the three groups, both emotional verbs and cognitive verbs showed higher understanding in the order of higher group working memory, intermediate group, and lower group respectively. Lastly, in analyzing the difference in comprehension of the two different types of mental verbs within the three groups; in the higher group, children performed better on cognitive verbs performed compared to emotion verbs; there was no difference in the intermediate group; and in the lower group, children performed better on the emotion verbs compared to the cognitive verbs. Conclusion: This study could be an indication of a shortage of capacity in comprehension or in processing those words due to poor working memory compared to the other groups that performed relatively better. Therefore, this suggests that there is a need to understand the importance of considering children’s working memory and improving it as we provide intervention for them, rather than solely focusing on vocabulary comprehension or expanding expression.
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Peelen, Marius V., Domenica Romagno, and Alfonso Caramazza. "Independent Representations of Verbs and Actions in Left Lateral Temporal Cortex." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 24, no. 10 (October 2012): 2096–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_00257.
Abstract:
Verbs and nouns differ not only on formal linguistic grounds but also in what they typically refer to: Verbs typically refer to actions, whereas nouns typically refer to objects. Prior neuroimaging studies have revealed that regions in the left lateral temporal cortex (LTC), including the left posterior middle temporal gyrus (pMTG), respond selectively to action verbs relative to object nouns. Other studies have implicated the left pMTG in action knowledge, raising the possibility that verb selectivity in LTC may primarily reflect action-specific semantic features. Here, using functional neuroimaging, we test this hypothesis. Participants performed a simple memory task on visually presented verbs and nouns that described either events (e.g., “he eats” and “the conversation”) or states (e.g., “he exists” and “the value”). Verb-selective regions in the left pMTG and the left STS were defined in individual participants by an independent localizer contrast between action verbs and object nouns. Both regions showed equally strong selectivity for event and state verbs relative to semantically matched nouns. The left STS responded more to states than events, whereas there was no difference between states and events in the left pMTG. Finally, whole-brain group analysis revealed that action verbs, relative to state verbs, activated a cluster in pMTG that was located posterior to the verb-selective pMTG clusters. Together, these results indicate that verb selectivity in LTC is independent of action representations. We consider other differences between verbs and nouns that may underlie verb selectivity in LTC, including the verb property of predication.
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VAN HELL, JANET G., and ANNETTE M. B. DE GROOT. "Conceptual representation in bilingual memory: Effects of concreteness and cognate status in word association." Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 1, no. 3 (December 1998): 193–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1366728998000352.
Abstract:
A word association experiment examined conceptual representation in bilingual memory. Dutch-English bilinguals associated twice to nouns and verbs that varied on concreteness and cognate status, once in the language of the stimuli (within-language), and once in the other language (between-language). Within- and between-language associations for concrete words and for cognates were more often translations of one another than those for abstract words and noncognates, and nouns evoked more translations than verbs. In both within- and between-language association, retrieving an associate was easier to concrete than to abstract words, to cognates than to noncognates, and to nouns than to verbs. These findings suggest that conceptual representation in bilingual memory depends on word-type and grammatical class: concrete translations, cognates, and noun translations more often share, or share larger parts of, a conceptual representation than abstract translations, noncognates, and verb translations. The results are discussed within the framework of distributed memory representation.
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PLIATSIKAS, CHRISTOS, and THEODOROS MARINIS. "Processing of regular and irregular past tense morphology in highly proficient second language learners of English: A self-paced reading study." Applied Psycholinguistics 34, no. 5 (March 14, 2012): 943–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0142716412000082.
Abstract:
ABSTRACTDual-system models suggest that English past tense morphology involves two processing routes: rule application for regular verbs and memory retrieval for irregular verbs. In second language (L2) processing research, Ullman suggested that both verb types are retrieved from memory, but more recently Clahsen and Felser and Ullman argued that past tense rule application can be automatized with experience by L2 learners. To address this controversy, we tested highly proficient Greek–English learners with naturalistic or classroom L2 exposure compared to native English speakers in a self-paced reading task involving past tense forms embedded in plausible sentences. Our results suggest that, irrespective to the type of exposure, proficient L2 learners of extended L2 exposure apply rule-based processing.
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Altakhaineh, Abdel Rahman, Rozan Alhloul, and Aseel Zibin. "Foreign Language Processing of English Regular and Irregular Past Tense Verbs by Arabic-Speaking EFL Children." PSYCHOLINGUISTICS 32, no. 2 (October 11, 2022): 6–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.31470/2309-1797-2022-32-2-6-28.
Abstract:
Purpose. This paper examines whether irregular past verbs are acquired earlier than regular past verbs by Arabic-speaking EFL children.
Methods and procedure. Ninety fifth graders were tested using pictures representing 20 regular and 20 irregular past tense verbs through a sentence completion task. An introspective session was conducted with 70 children following the administration of the tests in order to determine the areas of difficulty.
Results. The results mainly revealed that there is a statistically significant difference between regular and irregular verbs in favour of regular verbs. This suggests that the children learn regular forms prior to irregular ones contradicting the Natural Order Hypothesis and providing credence to the two Interlanguage strategies, namely, the L2 Overgeneralization of Alternative L2 Category Strategy and L1 Transfer Strategy. The children’s failure to produce the irregular form of the verb can be ascribed to the default system that they rely on, which is the computation system rather than the storage system. Thus, Arabic-speaking EFL children apply regular inflection of -ed whenever their memory fails to produce an irregular verb form.
Conclusions. This study has demonstrated that Arabic-speaking EFL children do not follow the same sequence of acquisition as that exhibited by first language learners in acquiring the regular and irregular simple past forms. These learners acquire the regular past tense forms prior to the irregular ones contradicting the Natural Order Hypothesis. Due to the lack of irregularities in their first language, these learners apply the regular inflection rule to novel or unfamiliar verbs without sometimes considering the possibility of an existent irregular form that needs to be retrieved from memory. This also provides credence to two Interlanguage strategies, namely, the L2 Overgeneralization of Alternative L2 Category Strategy and L1 Transfer Strategy. More studies that investigate the sequence of acquisition of other types of morphemes by Arabic-speaking EFL children are needed to explore the effect of L1 and other factors such as the learning situation on the acquisition of English morphemes.
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Münte, Thomas F., Mike Matzke, and Sönke Johannes. "Brain Activity Associated with Syntactic Incongruencies in Words and Pseudo-Words." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 9, no. 3 (May 1997): 318–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn.1997.9.3.318.
Abstract:
Event-related brain potentials (EMS) were recorded while normal German subjects read either simple declarative sen- tences made up from real German words, or sentences that contained German pseudo-words instead of nouns and verbs. The verb (pseudo-verb) of the sentences disagreed in number with the subject noun (pseudo-noun) in 50% of the sentences. The subjects had the task either to read the sentences for an interspersed memory test (memory condition, pseudeword sentences only) or to make a syntactic judgment after each real-word/pseudo-word sentence. While in the real-word condition a late and widespread positivity resembling the previously described syntactic positive shift was found for the disagreeing verbs, a negativity with an onset latency of about 300 msec was seen for the disagreeing pseudo-verbs. In the pseudo-word conditions no positivity followed the initial negativity. This dissociation of negative and positive waves occurring in response to morphosyntactic mismatches by the pseudo/real-word manipulation suggests that the positive shift is a concomitant of a recomputation routine initiated to account for the number incongruency. This routine is based upon the semantics of the sentence and therefore is not observed in the pseudo-word conditions. The earlier negativity, on the other hand, appears to be a more direct index of morphosyntactic incongruency.
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Chertykova, Maria. "REALIZATION OF SYNTAGMATIC PROPERTIES MENTAL VERBS IN THE KHAKAS LANGUAGE." Alatoo Academic Studies 19, no. 3 (October 30, 2019): 129–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.17015/aas.2019.193.11.
Abstract:
The ability of a person to think, including such aspects of mental space as knowledge, understanding, opinion, faith and memory, is one of the most important and complex systems in the inner world of man. The lexical means that reflect and describe these and other elements of the functioning of the intellect are the richest and most diverse stratum in any language where the verb sphere is the most complex and central. The article analyzes the functional-syntagmatic properties of the Khakass mental verbs. To realize the meaning of mental verbs, such construction members as the thinking subject (usually animated) and the object of thought (direct, deliberative, infinitive, propositional) are needed. Since most mental verbs are ambiguous, its various lexical-semantic variants (LSV) often have an unequal compatibility structure.
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Arciuli, Joanne, Linda Cupples, and Gabriella Vigliocco. "Are word meanings corresponding to different grammatical categories organised differently within lexical semantic memory?" Mental Lexicon 1, no. 2 (August 30, 2006): 251–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ml.1.2.05arc.
Abstract:
We report on two experiments that examined lexical semantic memory. Experiment 1 included semantically related word-pairs (similarity of meaning) and unrelated word-pairs from three grammatical categories (nouns, verbs, adjectives). Experiment 2 included semantically related word-pairs (contrasting meaning) and unrelated word-pairs from the same three categories. Results of both experiments showed similar levels of semantic priming across same versus different grammatical category word-pairs (e.g., verb–verb pairs vs. verb–adjective pairs). Additional analyses of each experiment showed similar levels of priming within each of the three grammatical categories (i.e., noun–noun vs. verb–verb vs. adjective–adjective pairs). These findings suggest that there are no sharp architectural distinctions amongst words from different grammatical categories within lexical semantic memory.
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S., Deepa M., and Shyamala K. C. "Analysis of Verb Expressions in the Conversational Speech of Kannada-English Speaking Bilingual Persons with Mild." Studies in Linguistics and Literature 3, no. 2 (May 21, 2019): p182. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/sll.v3n2p182.
Abstract:
Dementia is characterized by the breakdown of intellectual and communicative functioning accompanied by personality change (DSM IV, American Psychiatric Association, 1994). Persons with dementia often experience difficulty in naming skills which can be attributed to semantic memory deficits. This can further influence various linguistic expressions such as lexical and morphological structures. The present study aimed to quantitatively and qualitatively analyze the presence of different types of verb inflections in bilingual (Kannada-English) persons with mild dementia. Considered for the study were 10 healthy elderly and 10 persons with mild dementia who were Kannada-English bilinguals. Spontaneous, conversational speech in all the participants was transcribed from which different types of verb inflexions in Kannada were extracted and analyzed. They included infinite verb, imperative verbs, negative imperatives, optative, and participle verbs. These were quantitatively and qualitatively analyzed for mean number of verbs and their nature including code mixing and switching identifying the significant differences between the two groups of participants. Results suggest that these measures offer a sensitive method for differentiating persons with mild dementia from healthy elderly. The study further helps in delineating prognostic indicator and planning rehabilitative measures which can be helpful tool for management.
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Takashima, Atsuko, Agnieszka Konopka, Antje Meyer, Peter Hagoort, and Kirsten Weber. "Speaking in the Brain: The Interaction between Words and Syntax in Sentence Production." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 32, no. 8 (August 2020): 1466–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_01563.
Abstract:
This neuroimaging study investigated the neural infrastructure of sentence-level language production. We compared brain activation patterns, as measured with BOLD-fMRI, during production of sentences that differed in verb argument structures (intransitives, transitives, ditransitives) and the lexical status of the verb (known verbs or pseudoverbs). The experiment consisted of 30 mini-blocks of six sentences each. Each mini-block started with an example for the type of sentence to be produced in that block. On each trial in the mini-blocks, participants were first given the (pseudo-)verb followed by three geometric shapes to serve as verb arguments in the sentences. Production of sentences with known verbs yielded greater activation compared to sentences with pseudoverbs in the core language network of the left inferior frontal gyrus, the left posterior middle temporal gyrus, and a more posterior middle temporal region extending into the angular gyrus, analogous to effects observed in language comprehension. Increasing the number of verb arguments led to greater activation in an overlapping left posterior middle temporal gyrus/angular gyrus area, particularly for known verbs, as well as in the bilateral precuneus. Thus, producing sentences with more complex structures using existing verbs leads to increased activation in the language network, suggesting some reliance on memory retrieval of stored lexical–syntactic information during sentence production. This study thus provides evidence from sentence-level language production in line with functional models of the language network that have so far been mainly based on single-word production, comprehension, and language processing in aphasia.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Memory verbs":
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Jessen, Ashlee Marie. "The Effect of the Semantic Depth of Spanish Verbs on Processing Demands of Filler-Gap Relationships in Noun Clauses." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2012. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3502.
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This study explored the relationship between syntax and semantics in an effort to provide evidence against a strict theory of the Autonomy of Syntax. The evidence was provided by an acceptability survey given to 20 native, adult Mexicans who ranked both declarative and wh-questions which manifested a filler-gap relationship where the gap was located in an embedded noun clause. The main verbs were controlled for semantic depth by being ranked within verbal categories according to external evidence of markedness or semantic depth. The primary hypothesis was that semantically deeper verbs would add to the already increased strain on working memory associated with filler-gap processing, thereby resulting in decreased acceptability. The results of the survey showed that, while this hypothesis held true to some degree, further research will be required to confirm the results and to further understand the intricate interactions between syntax and semantics.
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Raissi, Nesrine. "La parole testimoniale. Analyse lexico-discursive de témoignages du Camp de Rivesaltes." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Montpellier 3, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024MON30002.
Abstract:
Cette thèse étudie des témoignages de personnes internées au camp de Rivesaltes pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale. Ces témoignages ont été recueillis entre 2007 et 2014 dans le cadre d’entretiens menés par l’Equipex Matrice. À partir d’une analyse quantitative et qualitative de ce corpus, elle vise à décrire le fonctionnement de la parole testimoniale et à dégager plus spécifiquement les aspects propres aux témoignages sur ce camp d’internement.Tel qu’il s’est conçu et élaboré au cours du XXe siècle, le genre testimonial présente trois caractéristiques essentielles : le témoignage concerne un événement historique collectif, il raconte l’expérience personnelle du locuteur, il atteste la vérité de ce récit. Dans les entretiens de Rivesaltes, la parole des hommes et des femmes interrogés présente ces caractéristiques : il s’agit de républicains espagnols et de déportés juifs pris dans la violence de l’Histoire ; ils enclenchent leur récit à l’aide de verbes mémoriels, principalement se rappeler et se souvenir ; ils en attestent la vérité, en prenant soin d’en préciser les limites, notamment par la négation des verbes de souvenir et par des modalisations qui parfois modèrent leur engagement (je crois, je ne sais pas), parfois l’accentuent (je sais).Pour approcher la vérité du camp de Rivesaltes telle que la livrent les témoins, la thèse mène une analyse outillée des réseaux lexico-sémantiques du corpus. Elle révèle que les témoins se souviennent bien sûr de la douleur des séparations et de la difficulté de la vie quotidienne, mais que la famille – en particulier la mère et le père –, l’école, les apprentissages, la pratique religieuse occupent une place majeure dans leur mémoire. Ils parlent très peu du travail dans le camp : les témoignages de Rivesaltes rappellent le vécu d’internés qui, à l’époque, étaient des enfants ou de jeunes gens. En dépit de la souffrance vécue par les témoins lors de leur internement, le camp de Rivesaltes apparait dans leurs représentations plutôt comme un camp de vie qu’un camp de mort, même si la mort faisait partie de leur quotidienThis thesis studies testimonies of people interned at the Rivesaltes camp during the Second World War. These testimonies were collected between 2007 and 2014 as part of interviews conducted by Equipex Matrice. Based on a quantitative and qualitative analysis of this corpus, it aims to describe the functioning of testimonial speech and to identify more specifically the aspects specific to the testimonies about this internment camp.As it was conceived and developed during the 20th century, the testimonial genre presents three essential characteristics: the testimony concerns a collective historical event, it recounts the personal experience of the speaker, it attests to the truth of this story. In the Rivesaltes interviews, the words of the men and women interviewed present these characteristics: they are Spanish republicans and Jewish deportees caught in the violence of History; they begin their story using memory verbs, mainly remember and remember; they attest to its truth, taking care to specify its limits, in particular by the negation of verbs of remembrance and by modalizations which sometimes moderate their commitment (I think, I don't know), sometimes accentuate it (I know).To approach the truth of the Rivesaltes camp as revealed by the witnesses, the thesis carries out a detailed analysis of the lexico-semantic networks of the corpus. It reveals that the witnesses of course remember the pain of separations and the difficulty of daily life, but that the family – in particular the mother and the father –, the school, the apprenticeships, the religious practice occupy a place major in their memory. They talk very little about work in the camp: Rivesaltes' testimonies recall the experiences of internees who, at the time, were children or young people. Despite the suffering experienced by the witnesses during their internment, the Rivesaltes camp appears in their representations more as a living camp than a death camp, even if death was part of their daily life
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Quinn, Julie E. A. "Autobiographical remembering, from noun to verb, a discursive approach to autobiographical memory." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ64974.pdf.
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Borges, Marlise. "Do registro ao documentário: uma tradução verbo-visual-sonora na Amazônia." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2009. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/5197.
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Previous issue date: 2009-05-07This research has proposed an analysis of the creation and the recreation process in the verb-sonorous work Tuyabaé Cuaá (The knowledge of the Ancient Pajés), whose author is the composer and writer Walter Freitas, born in Pará, Brazil a work which reverberates the Amazon culture and the author s fundamental knowledge of it. Its objective was to observe the process of cultural translation and the transformative mixes preset at the work, pointing the new ensemble which intercommunicates since ways, presuppositions and vehicles of a complex work of art. About notions of memory and métissage , the thoughts of authors like Jerusa Pires Ferreira and Amálio Pinheiro were utilized, moreover theoretical works such as Jesus Martin Barbero s and Serge Gruzinski s, that think the métissage and the relations between communication and culture in Latin America as a place of multi-confluence of diverse elements. The Semiotics of the Culture, beyond Iuri Lotman, Aron Gurévitch, and also using the party concept formulated by Mikhail Bakhtin, has grounded the followed courses, also providing a backup to its development. Tuyabaé Cuaá fulfils its function of recuperate and activate some kind of collective memory. Besides the intersemiotics translation, other recreation and translation processes were realized since Walter Freitas work. That s another phonographic register, Medievo Cabano . Therefore, it was presented, such as complementary experience of this paper, a sonorous re-lecture, funding the composer music with elements from medieval, baroque and renaissance period elements. It was also realized an experience in the visual creative field: the sense of sound has turn into image (eight paintings), established above the poetic and musical universe of Walter Freitas. To finalize, it was elaborated a proposition of a documentary work which, sharing new esthetics and diverse languages, could fit the kind of cinematographic production that, in the future, will be able to considerate the dimensions that point to ethnographic, overall to its deconstruction, and to the elements of the autobiography. Into this, everything also remits to subjective and reflexive discourses about the world
Esta pesquisa procurou fazer uma análise do processo de criação e recriação na obra de arte verbo-sonora Tuyabaé Cuaá (A Sabedoria dos Antigos Pajés), de autoria do compositor e escritor paraense Walter Freitas, uma obra que repercute a amazonidade e o conhecimento fundamental desta cultura. Teve como objetivo observar o processo de tradução cultural e as mesclas transformadoras, apontando o novo conjunto que se intercomunica, a partir de caminhos, pressupostos e veículos de uma obra de arte complexa. Sobre noções de memória e mestiçagem, foram utilizados pensamentos de autores como Jerusa Pires Ferreira e Amálio Pinheiro e de teóricos como Jesus Martin Barbero e Serge Gruzinski, que pensam a mestiçagem e relações entre comunicação e cultura na América Latina, como um lugar de multiconfluências de elementos diversos. A semiótica da cultura, através de Iuri Lotman, Aron Gurévitch e também utilizando a noção da festa em Mikhail Bakhtin fundamentaram os caminhos, dando apoios ao seu desenvolvimento. Tuyabaé Cuaá cumpre, portanto, sua função de recuperar e ativar certa memória coletiva. Além da tradução intersemiótica, outros processos de recriação e tradução foram realizados, partindo da obra de Walter Freitas. Trata-se de outro registro fonográfico, Medievo Cabano . Assim, esteve presente, como experiência complementar deste trabalho, uma releitura sonora, fundindo a música do compositor com elementos dos períodos medieval, renascentista e barroco. Foi também realizada uma experiência no campo do criativo visual. Aí, o sentido do som transformou-se em imagem (oito telas), plasmadas a partir do universo poético e musical de Walter Freitas. Para terminar, foi pensada uma proposta de documentário que, compartilhando novas estéticas e várias linguagens, pudesse se encaixar no tipo de produção cinematográfica que venha futuramente a considerar as dimensões que apontam para o etnográfico mas sobretudo para a sua desconstrução e elementos do autobiográfico. Aí tudo remete também para discursos subjetivos e reflexivos sobre o mundo
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Removille, Sébastien. "VERS UNE MEMOIRE QUANTIQUE AVEC DES IONS PIEGES." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00430795.
Abstract:
Le domaine de l'information quantique tire partie des lois de la mécanique quantique pour élaborer des protocoles de traitement de l'information originaux. Des réseaux qui transportent ce type d'information ont déjà été démontrés mais leur portée est cependant limitée à une centaine de kilomètres à cause des pertes en ligne. Pour franchir cette limite l'élément clef à développer est une mémoire quantique, c'est à dire un milieu atomique capable de stocker un état quantique et dont les performances reposent conjointement sur un excellent couplage avec la lumière (pour les phases d'écriture ou de lecture) et un temps de cohérence important (pour la phase de stockage). Les ions piégés constituent un candidat intéressant pour l'implémentation d'une mémoire quantique, notamment car ils peuvent présenter d'excellentes propriétés d'isolation par rapport à leur environnement. La difficulté à réaliser une mémoire quantique avec des ions piégés tient en particulier à l'obtention d'un couplage important entre l'ensemble d'ions et la lumière, c'est à dire l'obtention d'un nuage atomique le plus dense et froid possible. Durant le travail de thèse, nous avons développé un ensemble expérimental capable de confiner, refroidir et observer plusieurs millions d'ions. Une méthode originale de chargement du piège fondée sur l'absorption simultanée de deux photons a été développée, nous permettant de limiter l'énergie initiale d'un ion et la pollution de l'environnement d'un tel nuage. Un piège de Paul linéaire de dimensions centimétriques a été dessiné et fabriqué au laboratoire pour confiner les ions et faciliter le régime de très faible température. En utilisant une technique de refroidissement laser, nous avons atteint ce régime dans lequel les ions adoptent une structure spatiale périodique, le cristal de Wigner. Cette structure a été observée dans des chaînes contenant quelques ions et dans des nuages dont la population dépasse le million. Les paramètres pertinents qui gouvernent la densité et la stabilité de ces cristaux ont été identifiés. Ces travaux sont une étape très encourageante pour l'obtention d'un couplage important entre les ions et la lumière, et la mise en oeuvre d'un protocole de mémoire quantique.
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Engström, Lisa. "Carry-Over Facilitation for Non-Familiar Trials in Item-Recognition." Thesis, University of Skövde, School of Humanities and Informatics, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-4250.
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Two aspects of cognitive control were investigated using the item-recognition task and the verb generation task. The item-recognition task had two conditions, high and low interference. The verb generation task was manipulated in three ways, for different levels of interference and time interval. The intention was to more deeply investigate one aspect of the item-recognition task, comparing response times for different trial types in different conditions, and to investigate a fatigue effect between the item-recognition and verb generation task. Thirty-two participants were tested at two occasions, in a within-subjects design. Results for the verb generation task revealed effects for levels of interference and time interval, although there was no difference in the manipulation. Results for the item-recognition task revealed effects for condition and trial type, as well as an interaction effect between these. The non-familiar trials in the high interference condition resulted in faster response times compared to the same kind of trials in the low condition. The result from the item-recognition task extends those from previous studies, revealing details for differences between trial types. This finding demonstrates a carry-over facilitation effect.
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Fantin, Sandra Jacqueline 1980. "Confabulações entre memórias e imagens de Maringá : a fotomontagem como exploração da narrativa verbo-visual." [s.n.], 2013. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/284513.
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Orientador: Fabiana BrunoDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Artes
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Resumo: O objetivo desta pesquisa é contribuir para uma composição metodológica acerca das memórias do município de Maringá, considerando sua condição de núcleo urbano projetado ao final da década de 1940, por iniciativa da Companhia Melhoramentos do Paraná. Os resultados deste estudo se fundamentam pela contribuição de uma rede de interlocutores, homens octogenários e sexagenários - aos quais denominamos de "confabuladores", reconhecidos pioneiros moradores da cidade paranaense - os quais por meio de suas histórias de vida, de um vivo fluxo de reminiscências em torno do viver e do lugar, da palavra e da imagem, nos revelaram, como sujeitos sociais, que reconhecem o entrelaçamento de seus destinos, com o destino da cidade em formação. Aliando às histórias de vida, uma sistematização para a leitura de antigas fotografias, o trabalho amplia o espectro de interpretações das narrativas, possibilitando experimentações para a recriação de representações de acontecimentos, lembranças do cotidiano e da fisionomia da cidade em seus primeiros anos de vida, o que identificamos como "fotomontagens". Memória, palavra e imagem se reúnem para a articulação de uma memória individual que conspira para uma possível memória coletiva, se permitindo novas visitações e projeções de sua natureza plural e infinita
Abstract: The objective of this research is to contribute to a composition methodological about of the memory of the city of Maringá, considering the condition of urban center planned at the end of the 1940s, at the initiative of the Companhia Melhoramentos do Paraná. The results of this study are based on contributions from a network of informers, men octogenarian and sexagenarian - which we call "the speculaters" recognized pioneer residents of the city of Paraná - which through their life stories, a live stream of reminiscences around the live and the place of word and image, we revealed, as social man, who recognize the intertwining of their fates, with the fate of the city in formation. Combining the stories of life, to a systematic reading of old photographs, the work broadens the spectrum of interpretations of the narratives, allowing trials for recreating representations of events, memories and everyday face of the city in their first years of life, which identified as "photomontage". Memory, word and image come together to articulate a personal memory that conspires for a possible collective memory, is enabling new visitations and projections of its pluralistic nature and infinite
Mestrado
Multimeios
Mestra em Multimeios
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Aussems, Suzanne. "How seeing iconic gestures facilitates action event memory and verb learning in 3-year-old children." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2017. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/98793/.
Abstract:
People naturally produce iconic gestures when they speak. Iconic gestures that depict people's actions may influence the way children process action events. This dissertation investigates experimentally whether seeing such iconic gestures promotes 3-year-old children's action event memory and verb learning. Chapter 1 introduces the topic and presents an outline of the dissertation. Chapter 2 provides a working de nition of gesture and a literature review on iconicity. Chapter 3 describes the development and norming of a large database that contains stimuli videos of actions events and iconic gestures. Action videos showed actors moving in unusual manners and iconic gestures depicted how the actors moved. Chapter 4 examines whether children remember action events differently when they see iconic gestures while encoding these events. Seeing iconic gestures that depicted how actors moved while encoding action events boosted children's memory of actors and their actions. Specifically, children showed better memory for event aspects that were depicted in gesture. Chapter 5 asks whether prior action knowledge promotes verb learning and whether seeing iconic gestures influences this process. Pre-exposure to unlabeled actions facilitated verb learning when those actions were shown with iconic gestures and when children were shown two actors performing the same actions simultaneously, but children performed better in the iconic-gesture condition. Chapter 6 investigates whether children learn that verbs typically refer to actions from seeing iconic gestures that depict individual verb meanings. Children who were taught verbs with iconic gestures demonstrated such word-category knowledge about verbs in an immediate and delayed novel verb learning task in which different novel verbs were taught without iconic gestures. Chapter 7 discusses theoretical and practical implications of the experimental findings. Iconic gestures are meaningful social cues that help children individuate people's actions, encode and remember complex action events, acquire individual verb meanings, and generate word-category knowledge about verbs.
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Santos, Viviane Aparecida. "E a carne se faz verbo em Ferreira Gullar: memória, engajamento e resistência em prosa e verso." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2016. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/3100.
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Este trabalho propõe o diálogo entre a crônica e a poesia de Ferreira Gullar. Para tanto, tomamos como objeto de pesquisa as crônicas publicadas pela Folha de São Paulo entre os anos de 2012 e 2014 e as obras Dentro da noite veloz (1975) e Poema sujo (1976). A partir da discussão do conceito de engajamento, procuramos, em um primeiro momento, focalizar a atuação política do poeta, em prosa e verso, fazendo um contraponto entre a atual perspectiva política de Gullar e sua postura política e poética dos anos 1960 e 1970, marcada pela militância e resistência, o que observamos em Dentro da noite veloz (1975). Em um segundo momento, tomamos, além das crônicas, Poema sujo (1976), em que observamos como é possível o resgate do próprio passado a partir de diferentes perspectivas discursivas e momentos históricos distintos. Verificamos, assim, que, em prosa e em verso, o poeta consegue, através da escrita, não apenas trazer à tona o próprio passado, pela memória, mas fazer da vida vivida um instrumento de intervenção política e representação de toda uma coletividade. O diálogo entre poesia e crônica em Ferreira Gullar se faz, portanto, não apenas possível, mas também fecundo e uma nova possibilidade de pesquisa no campo literário.
This paper proposes a dialogue between Ferreira Gullar’s chronicle and poetry. To do so, the chronicles published by Folha de São Paulo between 2012 and 2014 and the books Dentro da noite veloz (1975) and Poema sujo (1976) were taken as objects of research. From a discussion of the concept of engagement, at a first stage, we focus on the poet’s political involvement, in prose and poetry, creating a counterpoint between the poet’s current political perspective and his political and poetic position in the 1960’s and 1970’s, characterized by militancy and resistance, which can be observed in Dentro da noite veloz (1975). At a second stage, besides the chronicles, we take Poema sujo (1976), in which we observe that it is possible to have one’s own rescue of the past through different discursive perspectives and different moments in history. Hence, it is observed that, in prose and poetry, not only can the poet bring out his own past, through memory, but he can also turn his lived life into an instrument of political intervention and representation of a whole collectivity. The dialogue between Ferreira Gullar’s poetry and chronicle is, therefore, not only possible, but also fruitful and a new possibility of research in the literary field.
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Rey, Amandine. "Liens entre mémoire et perception : vers des mécanismes communs." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO20076/document.
Abstract:
Dans notre vie quotidienne, nous recueillons et intégrons constamment un grand nombre d’informations sensorielles (Calvert & Thesen, 2004). Tout au long de nos activités perceptives, les connaissances que nous avons sur l’environnement sont continuellement "récupérées" en mémoire. Le cadre de la cognition incarnée et située proposent que les processus cognitifs (i.e. processus mnésiques, processus langagiers) sont ancrés dans les mêmes systèmes sensorimoteurs que ceux engagés dans les processus perceptivo-moteurs (Glenberg, 1997 ; Slotnick, 2004 ; Pecher & Zwaan, 2005).La mémoire contient des traces sensori-motrices encodées lors des multiples expériences de l’individu dans son environnement (Versace, Labeye, Badard, & Rose, 2009). De nombreux travaux en psychologie cognitive et en neurosciences démontrent que les connaissances sont construites et (re)émergent à partir de l’activation des systèmes neuronaux typiquement associés aux mécanismes perceptivo-moteurs. Le contenu et le fonctionnement de notre mémoire sont intrinsèquement liés à nos activités sensori-motrices passées et présentes. Pour être efficace, les connaissances impliquées dans nos activités cognitives doivent être étroitement liées à la situation présente. Cette capacité à s’adapter à des situations spécifiques ne serait pas possible à moins que les connaissances, y compris les connaissances conceptuelles, soientissues de la réactivation de traces mnésiques d’expériences passées (Barsalou, 2008 ; Versace et al., 2014). Réciproquement, les activités sensori-motrices sont totalement dépendantes des traces mnésiques d’expériences sensori-motrices passées. Ainsi, la différence entre perception et mémoire réside dans le fait que, dans le premier cas, les propriétés sont perceptivement présentes, tandis que, dans le deuxième cas, celles-ci sont absentes mais réactivées.Ce travail de thèse avait pour objectif d’étudier les liens entre mémoire et perception et, plus précisément, d’apporter des arguments en faveur de la similarité entre les processus mnésiques et perceptifs qui résultent de l’activation de composants de même nature sensorimotrice.Nous avons testé l’hypothèse selon laquelle des effets perceptifs devraient pouvoir être obtenus avec des composants réactivés en mémoire. Pour cela, nous avons utilisé des effets perceptifs - tels que l’effet de masquage ou les biais de jugement perceptif - afin d’explorer la possibilité de répliquer ce type d’effets avec l’intervention des dimensions mnésiquesIn everyday life, each of us is constantly processing perceptual input from the environment, we collect and then integrate numerous items of sensory information (Calvert & Thesen, 2004). Alongside these perceptual activities, knowledge related to our environment is continually "recovered" from memory. Embodied cognition and grounded cognition theories suggest that cognitive processes (e.g., memory processes, language processes) are grounded in the same sensory-motor systems as those used in perceptual and motor processes (Glenberg, 1997 ; Slotnick, 2004 ; Pecher & Zwaan, 2005).Memory is composed of sensorimotor traces encoded during the several experiences of an individual in his environment (Versace et al., 2009). A large number of studies in cognitive psychology and neurosciences demonstrated that knowledge is constructed and (re)emerged from the activation of neural systems typically associated with perceptual-motor mechanisms. The contents and the functioning of our memory are intrinsically linked to our past and present sensorimotor activities. To be effective, knowledge involved in our cognitive activities must be closely linked to the actual situation. This ability to adapt to specific situations would not be possible unless knowledge, including conceptual knowledge, is derived from the reactivation of memory traces of past experiences (Barsalou, 2008 ; Versace et al., 2014). Conversely, sensorimotor activities are totally dependent on memory traces of past sensorimotor experiences. Thus, the difference between perception and memory is that, in the former, properties are perceptually present, whereas, in the latter, they are absent but reactivated. This PhD research focused on the link between memory and perception and, more precisely, aims to provide arguments in favor of the similarity of memory and perceptual processes that result from the activation of components of same sensorimotor nature. We tested the hypothesis that perceptual effects should be observed with reactivated components in memory. We used well-known perceptual effects (such as masking effect or perceptual bias invisual illusion) to investigate the possibility to replicate these effects by replacing the sensorial present components by reactivated components in memory
Books on the topic "Memory verbs":
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Kostrubiec, Viviane. La mémoire émergente: Vers une approche dynamique de la mémorisation. Paris: L'Harmattan, 2001.
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McDonald, Ryan. Learn Japanese Verbs and Adjectives Using Memory Mnemonics. Trafford Publishing, 2006.
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Kanja, Joseph. Easy Irregular Verbs: The Easiest Way to Memorize Irregular Verbs for Children, Using Modern Techniques to Strengthen Memory and Also with the Flashcards to Enjoy Them. Independently Published, 2020.
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Perec, Georges. W, or the Memory of Childhood (Verba Mundi). David R Godine, 2002.
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Schneider, Wolfgang, and Elisabeth Löffler. The Development of Metacognitive Knowledge in Children and Adolescents. Edited by John Dunlosky and Sarah (Uma) K. Tauber. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199336746.013.10.
Abstract:
This chapter aims at depicting the development of metacognitive knowledge from early childhood through early adolescence. Children’s ability to reflect on their mental states develops rapidly in early childhood, beginning around the age of three. Thus the chapter first discusses important precursors of metacognitive knowledge, in particular, the correct use of mental verbs and the development of a “theory of mind.” Subsequently, it highlights essential stages in the acquisition of declarative metacognitive knowledge, with an emphasis on knowledge about the effectiveness of different strategies. Next, it discusses how and when important aspects of procedural metamemory, that is, monitoring and self-control, develop in childhood and how they interact. It then discusses developmental trends in the relationship between metamemory and memory in more detail. Finally, it presents attempts to assess and foster metacognitive skills in applied settings and discusses possible future directions of research on the development of metacognition.
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Roberts, Anthony. Verb Word Search Puzzle Book for Kids Ages 5-8: Improve Spelling, Vocabulary, and Memory for Smart Kids! Independently Published, 2020.
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Lobina, David J. On recursive parsing. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198785156.003.0006.
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The processing of a linguistic expression, when viewed as a complex of (Specifier)-Head-Complement(s) phrases (SHCs), whilst suggestive of a recursive solution—that is, a sentence is a matrix SHC (subject-verb-object) composed of internal SHCs and the completion of the overall task is divisible into smaller but equivalent subtasks—in fact proceeds iteratively. This is here shown by manipulating the memory load of processing SHCs and measuring the reaction times of participants to extraneous tones placed at specific places within a sentence. The results show that there is a decreasing tendency in reaction times across a sentence, this pattern being explained in terms of two different types of uncertainty, a linguistic type and a more perceptual type. The results are discussed in the context of classic results with the tone-monitoring technique and future work along these lines is announced.
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Garzón Martínez, María Teresa. Sólo las amantes serán inmortales. Ensayos y escritos en estudios culturales y feminismo. Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas. Centro de Estudios Superiores de México y Centroamérica, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.29043/cesmeca.rep.914.
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Sólo las amantes serán inmortales es una propuesta de viaje por paisajes y territorios que producen a la vez sensación de déjà vu y el deleite de lo nuevo por descubrir. Viaje donde tiempo y espacio son entretejidos a la manera del griot africano que hace de la oralidad un recurso de la memoria para hablar del pasado en el presente, del entonces en un aquí sin caer en la cronología perenne del deber ser que produce tradición, sino más bien el relato elíptico genealógico disruptivo de las verdades, de las formas de nombrar y del verbo que quiere controlar. Viaje de intervención política y de imaginación teórica que da otros sentidos a los márgenes habilitando otros posibles tránsitos y… bajo la metodología de la sospecha.
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Bruxelles - Namur - Membre-sur-Semois: Bruxelles - Forêt de Soignes - Villers-la-Ville - Spy - Floriffoux - Namur - Godinne - Dinant - Anseremme - Freyr - Houyet - Beauraing - Gedinne - Membre-sur-Semois (224 Km) Liaisons vers Namur-gare et vers Namur-La Plante (A.J.). Liège, Belgium: Les Sentiers de Grande Randonnée SGR asbl, 2004.
Book chapters on the topic "Memory verbs":
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Billman, Dorrit, and Meredyth Krych. "Path & Manner Verbs in Action: Effects of “Skipping” or “Exiting” on Event Memory." In Proceedings of the Twentieth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society, 156–61. New York: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315782416-37.
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Audet, Chad, and Curt Burgess. "Distinguishing Between Manner of Motion and Inherently Directed Motion Verbs Using a High-dimensional Memory Space and Semantic Judgments." In Proceedings of the Twentieth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society, 66–71. New York: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315782416-22.
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Sandra, Dominiek. "Homophonous Regular Verb Forms With a Morphographic Spelling: Spelling Errors as a Window on the Mental Lexicon and Working Memory." In Reading Complex Words, 315–30. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-3720-2_14.
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Jackendoff, Ray, and Jenny Audring. "Formalizing inflection." In The Texture of the Lexicon, 132–67. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198827900.003.0005.
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This chapter addresses the differences between derivational and inflectional morphology and how they are to be reflected in the Relational Morphology formalism. The formalization of inflectional features is illustrated in turn by English regular verbs, English irregular verbs, German weak verbs, and German strong verbs and past participles. Each case makes essential use of relational links among sister (or second-order) schemas. The analysis also offers a flexible description of inflectional classes. The chapter then discusses what verbal forms in a paradigm have to be stored in memory and how these are used to construct non-stored forms. The formalism for inflectional classes is applied to the “Same Verb Problem”: homophones with the same inflectional paradigm, for instance go/went away, go/went crazy, go/went for broke. This treatment is then extended to the polysemy of morphosyntactic tense.
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Engelkamp, J., H. D. Zimmer, and G. Möhr. "Differential memory effects of concrete nouns and action verbs." In 1990, 189–216. De Gruyter, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783112477069-005.
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Vasilyeva, Valeria, and Nina Vorobyeva. "ON THE PROBLEM OF INTERLANGUAGE ASYMMETRY OF RELATED LANGUAGES (CZECH VERB MÍT AND ITS RUSSIAN EQUIVALENTS)." In Czech Linguistics in Russia in the new Millennium : Collection of articles dedicated to the memory of the honoured professor of the Lomonosov Moscow State University Alexandra Grigoryevna Shirokova, 94–100. LLC MAKS Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29003/m1501.978-5-317-06484-6/94-100.
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This article presents an interlanguage comparative analysis of the Czech verb mít and its equivalents in Russian. Functional and semantic similarities and differences of the verbs under consideration demonstrate both the commonality of the processes of historical development of closely related languages and the national specifics of each language, which explains the interlanguage structural and functional asymmetry in the analyzed area.
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Dubovský, Peter. "Remembering Exodus: A Development of Formulas Containing the Verbs עלה and יצא in the Deuteronomistic History." In Collective Memory and Collective Identity, 149–76. De Gruyter, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110715101-007.
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"Two kinds of English non-manner how-clauses." In Non-Interrogative Subordinate Wh-Clauses, edited by Łukasz Jędrzejowski and Carla Umbach, 24–62. Oxford University PressOxford, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192844620.003.0002.
Abstract:
Abstract This chapter shows that English has two kinds of non-interrogative, non-manner embedded how-clauses: clauses that are licensed by perception, memory, and fiction verbs and allow paraphrase by a DP of the form the event in which [TP] (see Umbach et al., 2021), and clauses that are licensed by presuppositional and ‘say’-verbs and allow paraphrase by a DP of the form the fact that [TP] (see Legate, 2010). The chapter provides a compositional semantics for reports with these two kinds of how-clauses that captures the intuitive entailment behavior of these reports. This semantics provides an answer to the question of how the different non-manner readings of how come about and why languages like English use the manner word how for this purpose.
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B. P, Dr Abhishek, and Urvi Shantanu Mahajani. "RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN RECALL AND LANGUAGE." In Research Trends in Language, Literature & Linguistics Volume 3 Book 1, 81–92. Iterative International Publisher, Selfypage Developers Pvt Ltd, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.58532/v3bglt1p3ch2.
Abstract:
Memory is an important cognitive domain for different walks of life and is found to be crucial for mediating the activities of daily living. Recall is an integral aspect of memory. Memory would involve stages like encoding, storage, and retrieval. The way we encode the information enables us to remember information for a longer time. The ability to store information varies from one individual to another. While retrieval and recognition would involve access to the stored representation. Language and cognition are interrelated in nature. The same is applicable to language and recall as well. The linguistic aspects like semantic relatedness, and phonemic relatedness would facilitate easy encoding. Factors like word length, nature of the word (concrete vs abstract), and the grammatical class of the given word (nouns v/s verbs) would influence the storage as well access. This in turn can have an effect on recall. The current book chapter reviews the studies relating to language and recall and can help in devising assessment and therapeutic strategies for cognitive-linguistic intervention.
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Di Salvo, Francesca. "12 Light Verb Constructions in Latin. A study on (in) memoria and (in) animo habeo." In Light Verb Constructions as Complex Verbs, 337–60. De Gruyter, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110747997-013.
Conference papers on the topic "Memory verbs":
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Chekalina, Elena M. "NORM AND VARIATION IN SWEDISH." In Second Scientific readings in memory of Professor V. P. Berkov. St. Petersburg State University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/11701/9785288063591.
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The paper examines the functional peculiarities of syntactic constructions with supine and participle 1 that came into existence by grammatical analogy but have not been included in the literary norm of the Swedish language. They are found in 16th–17th century Swedish texts and are persistently used in everyday colloquial speech. “Double” supine in predicates with preterit perfect forms derived from verbs with modal semantics expressing irreality, appear in the perfective-resultative meaning by analogy with the perfect infinitive ha + supine, in which the first component can be omitted in the preterite after modal verbs. The variation form of participle 1 with the final morpheme -s came into being by analogy with adverbs derived from nominal phrases with genitive forms and having the same final consonant. It forms part of predicates with the verbs komma (with participle 1 of verbs of movement to express the way the moving subject appears) and bli (with participle 1 of verbs of spatial position to express delimitative semantics). Furthermore, a participle with a final -s is used in adverbial functions of the subjective and objective predicative, as well as in syntactic constructions with secondary parts of sentence of the verbal type that express secondary predication. Thus, the variation form of the participle 1 with a final -s expresses the additional grammatical feature of “non-attribution”, which is not found in the standard Swedish language.
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Knyazev, Mikhail Yu. "AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF SYNTACTIC COMPLEXITY ON THE REALIZATION OF SENTENTIAL COMPLEMENTS IN RUSSIAN." In 49th International Philological Conference in Memory of Professor Ludmila Verbitskaya (1936–2019). St. Petersburg State University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/11701/9785288062353.14.
Abstract:
Declarative sentential complements in Russian can be realized either directly as čto-clauses or as čto-clauses embedded in the nominal construction headed by the “correlative” pronoun to. In previous studies, several factors that influence the choice of one of these two strategies have been identified, including the discourse status of the complement, the agentivity of the verb, the choice of the verb, register, etc. This study investigates the effect of syntactic complexity of the sententce in which the complement clause is embedded. The effect of complexity has been demonstrated before on the basis of several corpus studies of various constructions in English, which suggested that higher complexity is associated with the preference for the more explicit construction in the case of alternations. The goal of this study was to test whether complexity leads to a higher preference for the construction with the correlative (being the more explicit of the two alternants). Complexity was operationalized as additional embedding of the complement-taking predicate in a relative clause, either with a finite or a participial head (the latter presumably leading to still higher complexity). The hypothesis regarding the effect of complexity was tested in two experiments, an acceptability judgment study and a (100-scale) graded forced choice study. The experiments also tested the effect of the association between a verb and one of the two complementation strategies in the corpus (using the Attraction measure) as well as the effect of the subcategorization frame of the verb, i. e. whether it can take a direct object (by hypothesis, leading to the higher preference for čto-clauses) or only an oblique. The results of the experiments did not show an effect of complexity, which might be due to a small size of the effect and/or the nature of the task. However, the experiments revealed the effect of the Attraction class and of the subcategorization frame, namely, in oblique positions sentential complements show a higher preference for the correlative as opposed to direct positions. At the same time, verbs that have a higher association with čto-clauses in the corpus, show an approximately equal preference for both strategies. An explantion of this effect is proposed. Refs 16.
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Sladoje Bošnjak, Biljana M. "Metakognitivne sposobnosti djece predškolskog uzrasta." In Savremeno predškolsko vaspitanje i obrazovanje – tendencije, izazovi i mogućnosti. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Edaucatin in Uzice, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/spvo23.439sb.
Abstract:
Research reports that there are certain signs of metacognitive processes at preschool age. Wellman (Wellman, 1985; after: Ковач-Церовић, 1998), for example, finds that children during the third year of life talk about some mental states in a way that indicates a real understanding of the basic nature of the psyche. They (Schneider & Lockl, 2002) link the development of metacognition to the development of declarative metamemory: childrenʼs understanding of terms such as know, think, remember, and forget. From the age of four, memory verbs can be used to describe exact mental states. The aim of my research is to examine the metacognitive abilities of preschool children. In order to throw more light on the general aim, it was expanded to include several specific aims: 1) identifying memory verbs which children use to describe their mental states when solving a puzzle; 2) identifying two groups of children (those who managed to solve the puzzle and those who did not) and 3) determining the differences between them. The research has the characteristics of both qualitative and quantitative research. A case study and the technique of systematic observation with associated instruments were used. The obtained results have important implications for educational practice.
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Filippov, Konstantin A., Sergei S. Volkov, Liubov’ N. Grigor’eva, Mikhail V. Koryshev, Kristina V. Manerova, and Andrei K. Filippov. "GERMAN DICTIONARY OF MIKHAIL LOMONOSOV: PROJECT OUTCOMES." In 50th International Philological Conference in Memory of Professor Ludmila Verbitskaya (1936–2019). St. Petersburg State University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/11701/9785288063183.22.
Abstract:
From 2009 to 2020 researchers from St Petersburg State University and the Institute of Linguistic Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences have been working on a project to create a dictionary of German-language texts by Mikhail Lomonosov. The basic principle of the dictionary implies the complete coverage of lexicon, regardless of the status and frequency of individual words. One of the major tasks of the dictionary is to demonstrate the personality of Lomonosov as a thinker and creator, who was fluent in several languages, using linguistic material. M. V. Lomonosov’s German dictionary is a bilingual dictionary that provides a lexicographic description of words belonging to texts of different genres (letters, business documents, scientific and educational texts). The structure of dictionary entries includes extensive historical, sociolinguistic, biographical comments. The material of Lomonosov’s German-language texts made it possible to reveal a number of linguistic facts that characterize the nuances of the functioning of individual words within his idiolect, including nouns in the role of addresses, proper names (anthroponyms, toponyms, ideonyms), verbs, functional words and abbreviations. These facts include the frequency of certain lexical units, their collocability, use in a figurative context, sociocultural coloring, etc. The results of the project allow us to expand our understanding of the multifaceted personality of Lomonosov and at the same time place his German texts in the context of the German language of the 18th century. Refs 16.
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Sretenskaya, Larisa V. "A PARTICLE TCHUT NE (ALMOST) IN PERIPHRASTIC CONSTRUCTIONS AND THE CONTEXT OF THE SENTENCE." In 49th International Philological Conference in Memory of Professor Ludmila Verbitskaya (1936–2019). St. Petersburg State University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/11701/9785288062353.22.
Abstract:
Modern linguistics studies the combination of particles with notional words as a periphrastic construction which has a constant structure and semantics and is also regularly used in Russian spoken speech. The paper presents the analysis of the meaning of the analytical syntactic structure with a particle tchut’ ne (‘almost’) which implements subjective modality in the proposal and has a high emotionality and expression. Studying the features of the meaning, structure and grammar of the periphrastic construction tchut’ ne + V in the context of a sentence is the purpose of the article. In this paper the context is perceived in a narrow sense as a linguistic environment in which any given linguistic unit is used. With little emphasis having been put on the context, the existing works have mainly been focused on the meaning of the action which is close to completion, yet not fulfilled due to uncontrollability, surprise and suddenness of the situation. Test material analysis revealed that constructions with a particle almost do not only have a proximative meaning but also a contextually determined one, i. e., the maximum exaggeration of physical states and emotions of the subject (almost died of laughter etc.) and the controlled choice (almost said). Desemantization of verbs and the inclusion in the periphrastic construction of causatives provide a new meaning to it. Such type constructions as almost died from laughter, almost said become idiomatic. The article concludes that the contextual environment and communication goals affect the semantics of the periphrastic construction almost + V. Refs 22.
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Kazakov, Vladimir P. "EXPRESSION OF MODAL MEANINGS IN CONSTRUCTIONS OF POSITIONAL-LEXICAL REPETITION IN THE NOVEL TEXT BY D. GLOUKHOVSKY." In 50th International Philological Conference in Memory of Professor Ludmila Verbitskaya (1936–2019). St. Petersburg State University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/11701/9785288063183.08.
Abstract:
The article features special aspects of the expression of modal meanings in the constructions of positional-lexical repetition based on the novel Text by D. Gloukhovsky. The ways of expressing the modal meanings of possibility, necessity, reliability, desirability, affirmation/ negation are being analyzed with the help of the method of linguistic observation and description. The method of unselected sampling has revealed cases of positional-lexical repetition in neighboring sentences with markers of modal meanings. It has been established that the ways of expressing these meanings in the novel ’Text’ are those that are considered basic for the grammatical system of the Russian language as a whole: modal verbs (moch’, khotet’), words of the category of state with a modal meaning (mozhno, nuzhno) in combination with an infinitive, modal words (mozhet), words da and net. The peculiarity of repetition constructions in the novel Text demonstrates that modal meanings in them appear, as a rule, with a minus sign: uncertainty, unwillingness, unrealistic desire, impossibility, denial. An important factor influencing the formation of modal meanings in the constructions of positional-lexical repetition is the context which makes it possible to identify implicit increments of meaning, also including the reflection of the emotions experienced by the character. The correct interpretation of modal meanings, even in such relatively closed space as the construction of positional-lexical repetition, is impossible without referring to the textual modality, which is shows itself in the characterization of the character. The analyzed cases of repetition refer to the experienced speech of the main character of the novel and illustrate his search for answers to the emerging questions, the choice of the right decision in a stressful situation, his state of excitement or a feeling of regret. Fears and worries, hopes and doubts determine the general sentiment of the text of the novel, and all these reveal themselves in modal meanings, explicitly and implicitly presented in the constructions of positional-lexical repetition. Refs 9.
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Iakovleva, Dariia V. "TRANSLATION OF THE NORWEGIAN SECOND PERSON SINGULAR PRONOUN DU INTO RUSSIAN." In Second Scientific readings in memory of Professor V. P. Berkov. St. Petersburg State University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/11701/9785288063592.
Abstract:
The article says about translation challenges related to the Norwegian second person singular pronoun du. The research aims to reveal translation alternatives that help to show pronoun usage characteristics in Russian and Norwegian. The point is that, apart from few exceptions, only pronoun du is used for address to one person in Norwegian nowadays, whereas Russian has two pronouns used in such a way. Based on theory and example analysis, translation guidelines have been presented. The general conclusion is that one might use either the pronoun ты, the pronoun вы, or the verb’s infinitive form instead of one of the pronouns, which depends on the situation considered and the text type, for it is important that the option should sound natural given the context.
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Kramskova, Anna S. "TESTIMONIAL EVIDENTIALITY AT EXPRESSING EMOTIONAL-EVALUATIVE INTENSION IN TIBETAN." In 49th International Philological Conference in Memory of Professor Ludmila Verbitskaya (1936–2019). St. Petersburg State University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/11701/9785288062353.15.
Abstract:
Modern Tibetan has a paradigm of evidential verb forms, with the help of which the speaker indicates the source of information or their access to it. The semantically marked testimonial evidentiality (which corresponds to sensory sources of information about the fact of the utterance) can be used by the speaker to implement various communicative intensions, in particular, emotional-evaluative intension. This article presents the results of a study of speaker’s expression of emotional-evaluative intension using the forms of testimonial evidentiality in Modern Literary Tibetan. The relevance of the work is based on the insufficient study of how Tibetan speakers express communicative intensions and how evidentiality is implemented in written Modern Tibetan. The analysis was carried out on a morphosyntactically marked corpus of 83,018 tokens combining 20 texts of various genres of fiction, academic and journalistic writing in Modern Tibetan. A speaker was understood as any addresser of an utterance in direct speech and first person narration parts of the text (author, literary character, lyrical subject). For the selection and analysis of utterances with an emotional-evaluative intension, contextual analysis was used, characterizing the addresser, addressee and the object of the utterance, speech situation, as well as the meaning of the verb form in the scope of the operational context. The analysis showed that when expressing emotional- evaluative intension with the help of testimonial evidentiality, the speaker emphasizes one of the aspects of the meaning of this type of evidentiality: 1) objective or perceptual lack of control over the observed action or situation by the speaker; 2) direct evidence of the fact of the utterance as a source for an unaddressed emotional state; 3) direct observation of the speaker as an evidence for assessing and validating the reliability of the reported fact. The article provides information on the evidential system of the Tibetan language and the most common communicative intensions formalized by testimonial evidentiality, as well as discusses in detail individual cases of expressing emotional-evaluative intension along with the analysis of the speaker’s communicative position and his choice of means of expression. Refs 22.
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Smirnova Henriques, Anna, Pavel A. Skrelin, Vera V. Evdokimova, Maria Cristina Borrego, and Sandra Madureira. "THE PRODUCTION OF BRAZILIAN PORTUGUESE MID VOWELS BY RUSSOPHONE MIGRANTS IN BRAZIL." In 49th International Philological Conference in Memory of Professor Ludmila Verbitskaya (1936–2019). St. Petersburg State University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/11701/9785288062353.29.
Abstract:
The history of Russophone immigration to Brazil began in the 19th century. The last wave of Russophone immigration to Brazil began after the USSR’s collapse and continues up to this day. There are few opportunities to study Portuguese in Russia, and many Russophones study Brazilian Portuguese (BP) on their own after arriving in Brazil. They learn the language in a naturalistic way and do not have any special knowledge of the BP phonetics. One important difficulty of Russophones who learn BP is to perceive and produce the contrast between open and closed mid vowels. In Portuguese, the contrasts in the pairs /ε/ — /e/ and /ɔ/ — /o/ are of fundamental importance and determine the difference in the semantic meaning of words, for example, in some homograph pairs that consist of a verb conjugated in the first-person singular of the present tense and a related noun. The aim of this work is to characterize the production of BP mid vowels by Russophone immigrants in Brazil. In this work, we analyzed the audio recordings of the words bebe [‘bεbı] ‘he drinks’, bebo [‘bebʊ] ‘I drink’, posso [‘pɔsʊ] ‘I can’ и poço [‘posɔ] ‘a well’, produced by 11 native BP speakers and 15 Russophones. For the Russophones, these was no difference between the F1 mean values of the vowels produced in the word pairs containing the two contrasting Portuguese mid vowels. The results of this study provide a base for developing strategies to improve the pronunciation of BP sounds by Russian speakers. Refs 31.
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Boonkwan, Prachya. "A memory-based approach to the treatment of serial verb construction in combinatory categorial grammar." In the 12th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Student Research Workshop. Morristown, NJ, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3115/1609179.1609181.