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Journal articles on the topic 'Memory disorders'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 29 July 2024

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1

McNally, Richard J. "Memory and anxiety disorders." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 352, no. 1362 (November 29, 1997): 1755–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.1997.0158.

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Experimental psychopathologists have identified varying patterns in memory bias in people with depressive and anxiety disorders. Individuals suffering from depression tend to exhibit explicit memory deficits for positively-valanced material, and sometimes exhibit biases for retrieving negative self-relevant information as well. Most studies, however, provide scant evidence for implicit memory biases in depression. In contrast to depression, anxiety disorders are rarely associated with enhanced esplicit memory for threat-related information (with the exception of panic disorder). Evidence for implicit memory biases for threat in these syndromes is mixed. After providing an overview of findings on memory abnormalities in depressive and anxiety disorders, data from several new studies bearing on posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in Vietnam combat veterans and in women with histories of childhood sexual abuse are presented. Involving directed forgetting, implicit memory and autobiographical cueing paradigms, these experiments point to a pattern of abnormalities linked to PTSD rather than to trauma per se.

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2

Miller, E. "Disorders of memory." Current Opinion in Psychiatry 1, no. 6 (November 1988): 740–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001504-198811000-00016.

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3

Miller, Edgar. "Disorders of memory." Current Opinion in Psychiatry 4, no. 6 (December 1991): 902–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001504-199112000-00017.

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4

Kopelman, M. D. "Disorders of memory." Brain 125, no. 10 (October 1, 2002): 2152–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/brain/awf229.

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5

Hodges, John R., and Karalyn Patterson. "Semantic memory disorders." Trends in Cognitive Sciences 1, no. 2 (May 1997): 68–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1364-6613(97)01022-x.

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6

Lucas, John A. "Disorders of Memory." Psychiatric Clinics of North America 28, no. 3 (September 2005): 581–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psc.2005.05.009.

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7

CAINE, ERIC D. "Clinical Disorders of Memory; Rehabilitation of Memory." American Journal of Psychiatry 145, no. 6 (June 1988): 760—a—761. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/ajp.145.6.760-a.

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8

Ullman, Michael T., F. Sayako Earle, Matthew Walenski, and Karolina Janacsek. "The Neurocognition of Developmental Disorders of Language." Annual Review of Psychology 71, no. 1 (January 4, 2020): 389–417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-122216-011555.

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Developmental disorders of language include developmental language disorder, dyslexia, and motor-speech disorders such as articulation disorder and stuttering. These disorders have generally been explained by accounts that focus on their behavioral rather than neural characteristics; their processing rather than learning impairments; and each disorder separately rather than together, despite their commonalities and comorbidities. Here we update and review a unifying neurocognitive account—the Procedural circuit Deficit Hypothesis (PDH). The PDH posits that abnormalities of brain structures underlying procedural memory (learning and memory that rely on the basal ganglia and associated circuitry) can explain numerous brain and behavioral characteristics across learning and processing, in multiple disorders, including both commonalities and differences. We describe procedural memory, examine its role in various aspects of language, and then present the PDH and relevant evidence across language-related disorders. The PDH has substantial explanatory power, and both basic research and translational implications.

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Delgadillo, Mia, Megan Frank, Aidan Boese, Tilman Schulte, and J. Kaci Fairchild. "Psychiatric Disorders and Mild Cognitive Impairment in Older Veterans With Subjective Memory Complaints." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2020): 295. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.944.

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Abstract Psychiatric disorders pose a unique risk for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Prior research indicates psychiatric disorders in MCI increase AD vulnerability. Less research has been done to understand how psychiatric disorders may affect the development of MCI. Understanding these potentially modifiable risk factors is important as they may represent a potential target of intervention for secondary prevention of AD. The present study examines the relationship between psychiatric disorders and amnestic MCI (aMCI) in a sample of Veterans with subjective memory complaints. The sample included 150 older adults with subjective memory complaints (90% male, age = 70.6±8.2). aMCI diagnosis was based upon performance on the delayed recall trials of the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test and Logical Memory II of the Wechsler Memory Scale-4th edition. Psychiatric disorders (e.g., Mood Disorders, Anxiety Disorders, and Substance Use Disorders) were assessed using the Mini Neuropsychiatric Interview for DSM-IV. Logistic regression modeling demonstrated that diagnosis of anxiety disorders, but not mood or substance use disorders, was significantly associated with aMCI status. Specifically, older adults with an anxiety disorder were less likely to have aMCI than those older adults without an anxiety disorder. Additional analyses revealed that within those with aMCI (n=107), persons with a psychiatric disorder were significantly younger than those without a psychiatric disorder by an average of 6 years. These findings support prior research on the complex relationship of anxiety and cognitive impairment as well as suggest that those with psychiatric disorders may be at risk for developing aMCI at younger ages.

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10

Fujii, Toshikatsu. "Memory and its disorders." Higher Brain Function Research 30, no. 1 (2010): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2496/hbfr.30.19.

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11

Kopelman, M. "Human Organic Memory Disorders." Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 52, no. 11 (November 1, 1989): 1327–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.52.11.1327-b.

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12

FUSTER, JOAQUIN M. "Handbook of Memory Disorders." American Journal of Psychiatry 153, no. 5 (May 1996): 727—a—728. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/ajp.153.5.727-a.

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13

Garrard, P., R. Perry, and J. R. Hodges. "Disorders of semantic memory." Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 62, no. 5 (May 1, 1997): 431–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.62.5.431.

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14

McNally, Richard J. "Memory and anxiety disorders." Journal of the Neurological Sciences 134, no. 1-2 (December 1995): 7–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-510x(96)80090-6.

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15

Glosser, Guila, Harold Goodglass, and Carol Biber. "Assessing visual memory disorders." Psychological Assessment: A Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 1, no. 2 (1989): 82–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/1040-3590.1.2.82.

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16

Gong, William C., Odette P. Pashayan, and Thomas X. Cuyegkeng. "Memory disorders consultation service." American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy 54, no. 1 (January 1, 1997): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajhp/54.1.92.

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17

Brandt, Jason. "Clinical Disorders of Memory." Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 175, no. 12 (December 1987): 746–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005053-198712000-00011.

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18

Kopelman, Michael. "Human organic memory disorders." Neuropsychologia 32, no. 8 (August 1994): 1027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0028-3932(94)90051-5.

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19

Schnider, Armin, and Radek Ptak. "Rehabilitation of Memory Disorders." Clinical and Translational Neuroscience 7, no. 1 (February 14, 2023): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ctn7010007.

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Memory disorders are common in clinical practice. This review focuses on the rehabilitation of anterograde amnesia, the inability to learn and retrieve new information, in non-degenerative brain disease. Diverse mnemonic strategies may be helpful in learning specific pieces of information. Their success also depends on the severity of associated cognitive failures, in particular, executive dysfunction. However, unless transfer to everyday activities is specifically trained, such strategies are of limited value in promoting independence in daily life. External memory aids are often necessary to allow for independent living. Learning to use them requires intact capacities such as procedural learning or conditioning. This review further discusses the rehabilitation of confabulation, that is, the emergence of memories of events that never happened. The rehabilitation of memory disorders needs to be tailored to patients’ individual capacities and needs.

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20

Wills, Chloe, Brooke Mason, Andrew Tubbs, William Killgore, and Michael Grandner. "0117 Two-Year Memory Change is Associated with Sleep Disorders in a Survey of Older Adults." Sleep 45, Supplement_1 (May 25, 2022): A52—A53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsac079.115.

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Abstract Introduction Insufficient sleep and sleep disorders have been previously associated with worse cognitive outcomes, such as worse memory performance. This analysis aims to assess the relationship between diagnosed sleep disorder and memory change over a period of two years. Methods N=17,156 older adults residing in the United States were assessed using the Health and Retirement Survey (Core) in 2018, with additional variables obtained in the previous wave (2016 on the same participants). Those who reported no sleep disorder in either wave were categorized as “no sleep disorder,” and they were compared to those who reported a sleep disorder in both waves (“sustained sleep disorder”) or one wave but not the other (“new sleep disorder” or “remitted sleep disorder.” Memory change was assessed using a survey item asking if the respondent’s memory was “worse”, “better”, or “the same” as compared to two years prior. Multinomial logistic regression was used to assess the relationship between these variables, and results were adjusted for sex, age, race, ethnicity, and depression. Results In adjusted results, those who reported that their memory improved were 124% (OR=2.24; 95%CI[1.51, 3.31]; p<0.001) more likely to have a sleep disorder that was remitted in the past 2 years. Those who reported that their memory worsened were 103% more likely to have a new sleep disorder (OR=2.03; 95%CI[1.65,2.50]; p<0.001), and 58% more likely to have a sustained sleep disorder (OR=1.58; 95%CI[1.40,1.77]; p<0.001). Interestingly, those whose memory worsened were also 39% more likely to have a remitted sleep disorder (OR=1.35; 95%CI[1.10,1.77]; p=0.006). Conclusion In older adults, there is a relationship between change in memory function and sleep disorders, such that improved memory is associated with improved sleep and worsened memory is associated with worse sleep or sustained sleep problems. Unfortunately, the specific sleep disorders associated were not reported. Future work should examine these effects in terms of specific sleep disorders, additional effect modifiers/covariates, and the role of sleep health in improving memory function. Support (If Any) The HRS (Health and Retirement Study) is sponsored by the National Institute on Aging (grant number NIA U01AG009740) and is conducted by the University of Michigan.

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21

McCarthy, James, Mandy Habib, Diana Miley, Shuamis Freeman, Dena Rabinowitz, Heather Goldman, Hanna Yim Stefanyshyn, Tracey Murray, and Renee Clauselle. "Bender Gestalt Recall as a Measure of Short-Term Visual Memory in Children and Adolescents with Psychotic and other Severe Disorders." Perceptual and Motor Skills 95, no. 3_suppl (December 2002): 1233–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.2002.95.3f.1233.

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To investigate the short-term visual memory ability of children and adolescents with severe psychiatric disorders, 82 child and adolescent in patients and day hospital patients in a state psychiatric hospital were administered the Bender Gestalt Test as part of a psychological assessment and then asked to reproduce the designs from memory. No significant differences were found between groups on either the Bender Gestalt Recall, or the WISC-III IQs and the Digit Span and Symbol Search subtests for Psychotic Disorders (Schizophrenia, Schizoaffective Disorder, Psychosis Not Otherwise Specified), Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Mood Disorders or Mood Disorders with co-morbid Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. The Coding subtest scores of the Psychotic Disorders group were significantly lower than the ADHD group. Analyses showed that the Bender Gestalt Recall was significantly related to age, Performance IQ, and sex. The results were discussed in terms of both the poor cognitive functioning of children and adolescents with persistent, severe mental illness, and the importance of developmental level when using the Bender Gestalt Recall as a rough measure of short-term visual memory.

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22

Park, Hee Ra, Mudan Cai, and Eun Jin Yang. "Neurogenic Interventions for Fear Memory via Modulation of the Hippocampal Function and Neural Circuits." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 7 (March 25, 2022): 3582. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23073582.

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Fear memory helps animals and humans avoid harm from certain stimuli and coordinate adaptive behavior. However, excessive consolidation of fear memory, caused by the dysfunction of cellular mechanisms and neural circuits in the brain, is responsible for post-traumatic stress disorder and anxiety-related disorders. Dysregulation of specific brain regions and neural circuits, particularly the hippocampus, amygdala, and medial prefrontal cortex, have been demonstrated in patients with these disorders. These regions are involved in learning, memory, consolidation, and extinction. These are also the brain regions where new neurons are generated and are crucial for memory formation and integration. Therefore, these three brain regions and neural circuits have contributed greatly to studies on neural plasticity and structural remodeling in patients with psychiatric disorders. In this review, we provide an understanding of fear memory and its underlying cellular mechanisms and describe how neural circuits are involved in fear memory. Additionally, we discuss therapeutic interventions for these disorders based on their proneurogenic efficacy and the neural circuits involved in fear memory.

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23

Yang, Zhiwei, and Xufeng Liu. "Emotional autobiographical memory impairment features in three mental disorders." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 50, no. 2 (February 9, 2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.10915.

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We proposed the Emotional Autobiographical Memory Test (EAMT) as a specialized method for measuring emotional autobiographical memory impairment in patients with mental disorders. The EAMT was tested with 32 patients with schizophrenia, 18 patients with bipolar disorder, 32 patients with depression, and 42 people undiagnosed with such disorders. We extracted 13 indices of five kinds of features from participants' emotional autobiographical memory and compared them among the four groups. The overgeneralization result in the schizophrenia and depression groups was consistent with previous results, supporting the EAMT's validity. However, inconsistent with previous results, overgeneralization was not found in the bipolar disorder group. Further, the count of involuntary memories in the patient groups (vs. control group) was significantly smaller, which can guide future researchers in investigating the psychopathology of mental disorders.

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24

Shobahah, Nurush. "The Right to Vote for People Who Experience Mental/Memory Disorders in Elections Post Constitutional Court Ruling No.135/PUU-XIII/2015." al-Daulah Jurnal Hukum dan Perundangan Islam 12, no. 1 (April 1, 2022): 148–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.15642/ad.2022.12.1.148-170.

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ABSTRACT: MK Decision No.135/PUU-XIII/2015 stipulates that to declare that a voter with mental/memory disorders does not meet the requirements, they must use a mental illness certificate from a doctor. Voters with cognitive/memory disorders who do not have a medical certificate from a doctor will still be recorded in the Permanent Voter List or DPT data collection. Problems arise about how to update the data. What problems arise? Are there voters with mental/memory disorders exercising their right to vote? In reality, many voters with cognitive/memory disorders do not have a cognitive/memory disorder certificate from a doctor. Election organizers responded by continuing to register and include them in the DPT regardless of whether they could exercise their right to vote. The reason is that election organizers avoid the potential for criminal acts to eliminate someone's right to vote. Due to this situation, researchers feel that there is a need to update and reconstruct the voter list updating system for voters with mental/memory disorders. The system used is the Civil Registry, so the government bears data availability for updating. This research is included in socio-legal research with two approaches: the statutory approach and the case approach. The study was conducted in Tulungagung Regency. Keywords: Election, Voters with Mental/Memory Disorders, DPT

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25

Dastidar, Shaon Ghosh, Chaithanya Leon, Nishi Pegwal, Yatan Pal Singh Balhara, Suriya M. Prakash, Prashant Tayade, Ratna Sharma, and Simran Kaur. "Default mode network aberrance in subjects of alcohol and opioid use disorders during working memory task: An exploratory EEG microstates study." Indian Journal of Psychiatry 66, no. 3 (March 2024): 272–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/indianjpsychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_930_23.

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Background: Aberrance in switching from default mode network (DMN) to fronto-parietal network (FPN) is proposed to underlie working memory deficits in subjects with substance use disorders, which can be studied using neuro-imaging techniques during cognitive tasks. The current study used EEG to investigate pre-stimulus microstates during the performance of Sternberg’s working memory task in subjects with substance use disorders. Methods: 128-channel EEG was acquired and processed in ten age and gender-matched subjects, each with alcohol use disorder, opioid use disorder, and controls while they performed Sternberg’s task. Behavioral parameters, pre-stimulus EEG microstate, and underlying sources were analyzed and compared between subjects with substance use disorders and controls. Results: Both alcohol and opioid use disorder subjects had significantly lower accuracy (P < 0.01), while reaction times were significantly higher only in subjects of alcohol use disorder compared to controls (P < 0.01) and opioid use disorder (P < 0.01), reflecting working memory deficits of varying degrees in subjects with substance use disorders. Pre-stimulus EEG microstate revealed four topographic Maps 1-4: subjects of alcohol and opioid use disorder showing significantly lower mean duration of Map 3 (visual processing) and Map 2 (saliency and DMN switching), respectively, compared to controls (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Reduced mean durations in Map 3 and 2 in subjects of alcohol and opioid use disorder can underlie their poorer performance in Sternberg’s task. Furthermore, cortical sources revealed higher activity in both groups of substance use disorders in the parahippocampal gyrus- a hub of DMN; superior and middle temporal gyri associated with impulsivity; and insula that maintains balance between executive reflective system and impulsive system. EEG microstates can be used to envisage neural underpinnings implicated for working memory deficits in subjects of alcohol and opioid use disorders, reflected by aberrant switching between neural networks and information processing mechanisms.

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26

Takahashi, Yumi, Kenichi Meguro, Masahiro Nakatsuka, Mari Kasai, Kyoko Akanuma, and Satoshi Yamaguchi. "Semantic Dementia Shows both Storage and Access Disorders of Semantic Memory." Behavioural Neurology 2014 (2014): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/508960.

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Objective. Previous studies have shown that some patients with semantic dementia (SD) have memory storage disorders, while others have access disorders. Here, we report three SD cases with both disorders.Methods. Ten pictures and ten words were prepared as visual stimuli to determine if the patients could correctly answer names and select pictures after hearing the names of items (Card Presentation Task, assessing memory storage disorder). In a second task, the viewing time was set at 20 or 300 msec (Momentary Presentation Task, evaluating memory access disorder) using items for which correct answers were given in the first task. The results were compared with those for 6 patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD).Results. The SD patients had lower scores than the AD group for both tasks, suggesting both storage and access disorders. The AD group had almost perfect scores on the Card Presentation Task but showed impairment on the Momentary Presentation Task, although to a lesser extent than the SD cases.Conclusions. These results suggest that SD patients have both storage and access disorders and have more severe access disorder than patients with AD.

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27

Miller, Michael Craig. "Memory Disorders in Psychiatric Practice." Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 64, no. 6 (June 15, 2003): 736–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4088/jcp.v64n0619b.

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Türkoğlu, Serhat, Fatih Hilmi Çetin, Yaşar Tanır, and Serdar Karatoprak. "Working Memory and Neurodevelopmental Disorders." Turkish Journal of Child and Adolescent Mental Health 26, no. 2 (July 1, 2019): 52–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4274/tjcamh.galenos.2019.2018.11.034.

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29

&NA;. "Duxil?? may improve memory disorders." Inpharma Weekly &NA;, no. 964 (November 1994): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128413-199409640-00052.

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Wilding, E. "THE HANDBOOK OF MEMORY DISORDERS." Brain 127, no. 7 (June 14, 2004): 1681–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/brain/awh185.

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31

Ron, M. M. "Memory Disorders in Clinical Practice." Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 52, no. 4 (April 1, 1989): 551. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.52.4.551-a.

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32

Lee, Gregory P. "Memory Disorders in Clinical Practice." Contemporary Psychology: A Journal of Reviews 41, no. 8 (August 1996): 829–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/003074.

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33

Roberts, Carole. "The Management of Memory Disorders." British Journal of Occupational Therapy 48, no. 3 (March 1985): 76–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030802268504800306.

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This article discusses the range of methods that are available to help patients with memory problems, including both external and internal strategies. Learning these strategies is difficult, so care must be taken in choosing a suitable method for each patient. Memory games can then be used to teach patients how to use the most effective strategy to improve memory function.

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34

Seelye, Edward E. "Memory Disorders in Clinical Practice." American Journal of Psychotherapy 44, no. 1 (January 1990): 136–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.psychotherapy.1990.44.1.136a.

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35

O'NEILL, D., D. J. SURMON, and G. K. WILCOCK. "Longitudinal Diagnosis of Memory Disorders." Age and Ageing 21, no. 6 (1992): 393–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ageing/21.6.393.

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36

Becker, Eni S., Walton T. Roth, Matthias Andrich, and Jürgen Margraf. "Explicit memory in anxiety disorders." Journal of Abnormal Psychology 108, no. 1 (1999): 153–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0021-843x.108.1.153.

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37

Cellini, Nicola. "Memory consolidation in sleep disorders." Sleep Medicine Reviews 35 (October 2017): 101–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.smrv.2016.09.003.

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38

Lim, Chun, and Michael P. Alexander. "Stroke and episodic memory disorders." Neuropsychologia 47, no. 14 (December 2009): 3045–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2009.08.002.

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Yang, Dongmei, and Ling Ye. "Temporomandibular disorders and declarative memory." Medical Hypotheses 76, no. 5 (May 2011): 723–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mehy.2011.02.007.

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TOONE, B. "Memory Disorders in Psychiatric Practice." Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 70, no. 1 (January 1, 2001): 138f—138. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.70.1.138f.

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Wilson, B. "009 Rehabilitation of memory disorders." Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 81, no. 10 (September 24, 2010): e4-e5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.2010.217554.9.

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MOGUL, KATHLEEN M. "Memory Disorders in Psychiatric Practice." American Journal of Psychiatry 158, no. 8 (August 2001): 1351–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.158.8.1351.

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Dalla Bella, Simone, Alexandra Tremblay-Champoux, Magdalena Berkowska, and Isabelle Peretz. "Memory disorders and vocal performance." Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1252, no. 1 (April 2012): 338–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.2011.06424.x.

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Meshkova, K. S., and I. V. Damulin. "Memory Disorders in Multiple Sclerosis." Neuroscience and Behavioral Physiology 41, no. 8 (October 2011): 871–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11055-011-9501-y.

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Rapcsak, Steven Z. "Face memory and its disorders." Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports 3, no. 6 (November 2003): 494–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11910-003-0053-6.

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46

Hellweg, Rainer, and Maria Jockers-Scherübl. "Neurotrophic factors in memory disorders." Life Sciences 55, no. 25-26 (January 1994): 2165–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0024-3205(94)00397-1.

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47

Belleville, Sylvie, and AndréRoch Lecours. "Memory disorders in clinical practice." Journal of Neurolinguistics 5, no. 4 (January 1990): 439–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0911-6044(90)90024-s.

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48

Castaneda, A. E., J. Suvisaari, M. Marttunen, J. Perälä, S. I. Saarni, T. Aalto-Setälä, J. Lönnqvist, and A. Tuulio-Henriksson. "Cognitive functioning in a population-based sample of young adults with anxiety disorders." European Psychiatry 26, no. 6 (September 2011): 346–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2009.11.006.

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AbstractObjectiveCognitive functioning in anxiety disorders has received little investigation, particularly among young adults and in non-clinical samples. The present study examined cognitive functioning in a population-based sample of young adults with anxiety disorders in comparison to healthy peers.MethodsA population-based sample of 21–35-year-olds with a lifetime history of anxiety disorders (n = 75) and a random sample of healthy controls (n = 71) derived from the same population were compared in terms of performance in neuropsychological tests measuring verbal and visual short-term memory, verbal long-term memory, attention, psychomotor processing speed, and executive functioning.ResultsIn general, young adults with anxiety disorders did not have major cognitive impairments when compared to healthy peers. When participants with anxiety disorder in remission were excluded, persons with current anxiety disorder scored lower in visual working memory tests. Current psychotropic medication use and low current psychosocial functioning associated with deficits in executive functioning, psychomotor processing speed, and visual short-term memory.ConclusionsLifetime history of anxiety disorders is not associated with cognitive impairment among young adults in the general population. However, among persons with anxiety disorders, current psychotropic medication use and low psychosocial functioning, indicating more severe symptoms, may associate with cognitive impairments.

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Nikolai, Tomáš, and Ondřej Bezdíček. "Memory disorders and neuropsychological memory tests in clinical practice." Neurologie pro praxi 19, no. 6 (December 10, 2018): 405–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.36290/neu.2018.129.

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50

Valverde Barea, M., M. Solis, E. Perdiguero Sempere, M. Ortigosa Luque, and J. Santiago Paris. "Language disorders or mild cognitive disorder. About a case." European Psychiatry 65, S1 (June 2022): S656—S657. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.1685.

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Abstract:

Introduction Patients with mild cognitive impairment may present deficits in naming, speech production, oral comprehension and written comprehension. In the differential diagnosis, cerebrovascular disease that can lead to cognitive impairment must also be differentiated from endogenous depressive disorder or language impairment. Objectives The aim is to highlight the importance of differential diagnosis in cognitive disorders in relation to a case. Methods A 68-year-old female patient attended a psychiatric consultation derived from neurology when presenting a language disorder. The husband who accompanies her and the patient indicate that she has problems finding words and substitutes other expressions for them or sometimes does not answer or does so with something different from the topic that is being asked. She refers that she presents repetitive language with memory problems, alteration in the evocation of memories. The patient reports mood swings and irritability and crying with a low tolerance for frustration since she cannot express herself. Cranial MRI: cortical and central involutional changes. Periventricular leukoaraiosis and ischemic gliosis-like lesions in the white matter of both hemispheres. Psychopathological exploration: Conscious, oriented. She smiles at the questions but doesn’t answer them. Repetitive language. Alteration in the articulation of language. Depressed mood reactive to current situation. Some irritability Alteration in recent memory and evocation. Results She was diagnosed with organic mental disorder compatible with mild cognitive impairment. Treatment with rehabilitation of the language disorder of vascular etiology is established. Conclusions Imaging and neuropsychological tests should always be performed in a patient with language, memory, and mood disorders to study its etiology. Disclosure No significant relationships.

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