Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Mémoires collectives'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Mémoires collectives.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
Vanoni, Didier. "Mémoires collectives et politiques urbaines : une approche critique des politiques contractuelles de la ville." Paris 9, 1992. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1992PA090044.
Full textValognes, Stéphane. "De l'espace usinier aux nouveaux territoires urbains : mémoires collectives, projets urbains, appropriation de l'espace." Paris, EHESS, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002EHES0050.
Full textWhat are interactions between urban traces, groups and urban projects, in renewal of wastelands ? How architects and planners design the urban future ? Three examples are developed in this work : the former industrial area of Société Métallurgique de Normandie near Caen, the Nantes Island in Nantes, and the former central harbour area in Bordeaux. After the analyse of urban forms's heritage, we examine the ability of urban projects to play a role in the production of new urban morphology and new space appropriations
Ropp, Laurent. "Un passé dépassé ? : les mémoires protestantes des guerres de Religion (vers 1685-2022)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Le Mans, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024LEMA3006.
Full textWhile French Protestants cultivate the memory of St. Bartholomew's Day since the 16th century, the context of the Wars of Religion (1562-1598), in which the infamous massacres occurred seems to attract much less of their attention. However, these civil and religious conflicts represent a major crisis in national history and mark the first time that French Protestants took up arms. The purpose of this study is to grasp, over the long term, the memories of these conflicts within the communities that emerged from the Reformation.From the 1680s, marked by an interconfessional controversy over the French Wars of Religion, to the 450th anniversary of St. Bartholomew's Day (2022), this research sheds light on how the present influences the memory of the struggles of the late 16th century and examines the extent to which these past conflicts remain relevant in the centuries that followed. A vast corpus of printed materials, supplemented by more original sources, such as 526 responses to an online questionnaire, has been used to account for the reactivations of memory and to uncover the continuities and transformations in the representations and uses of these conflicts. Focused on French Reformed communities, while also incorporating Lutherans and Evangelicals from France as well as Protestant communities from three countries hosting the Huguenot diaspora, this investigation also offers a reflection on the unity and plurality of Huguenot memories
Cordoba, Pierre Emmanuel. "Le rôle des fêtes et légendes religieuses dans l'élaboration des mémoires collectives : approche théorique et analyse des patronages de Grenade (1492-1992)." Paris 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA030037.
Full textThis study of the supernatural protectors of the Andalousian city of Granada - San Cecilio and the Virgen de las Angustias - implies a plural approach : ethnologic, historic and semiotic. In a first part, we define the theoretical concepts : "mode of working", of the traditional narrative (myth, legend, tale) and "machines of enfolding" of the spectacles (rite, ceremony, play). We support that this two "cultural forms of knowledge" (speech and visibility) are generated by the social stategies of power and we intend to substitute notions as "pagans superstitions" or "popular religiosity" with more scientific (and abstract) tools. After the catholic conquest (1492), the city of Granada has two problems to solve : the existence of an Islamic population, which was finally expulsed in successive steps, and the constitution of a new identity for the "repobladors". In this context, two different devotions rise : San Cecilio who is suppodes to be an Arabic evangelist, companion of saint James martyred in the Sacromonte, and the Virgen de las Angustias. .
Leborgne, Mathieu. "L'espace d'un oubli : le rôle des mémoires collectives dans la construction du sentiment d'appartenance territoriale : le cas du Parc naturel régional du Verdon." Paris, EHESS, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006EHES0017.
Full textThe central assumption put forward that in territorialized identity construction processes, social group memories would have a central role to play. It is why we propose a contribution to a "sociology of signs" as an analysis of what is produced by spatial marking of memory. The regional nature park of Verdon, created in 1997 in the south-east of France, is our field of investigation. After a theoretical approach on the foundations of thought wich link memory and territory, reffering in particular to Maurice Halbwachs works (part1), we will describe the history of both physical and symbolic construction of the Verdon territories (part 2). The role of hydroelectric area, are the two central poles of a specific territorial character where more than memory, it is oblivion wich seems to prevail. How consequently, can the regional nature park of Verdon appear as territory in this area with differentiated links with past (part 3) ? The appeal to nature seems to be a possible referent of local identity
Girard-Hainz, Brigitte. "Mythes et réalités urbaines dans la vie associative de quartier : imaginaires de la ville, mémoires et identités collectives dans la construction de la solidarité associative à Saint-Ferjeux (Besançon)." Besançon, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BESA1001.
Full textThis thesis aims to understand the modes in which local groups and organisations are rooted in the area, following a monographical approach based on the points of view of members of local voluntary groups sharing the same urban entity of reference : the Saint-Ferjeux district, in the city of Besançon. It highlights the ways in which they contribute to the construction of representations of interwoven urban territories - everyday life, residential and/or emotional territories and local community group territories - by fostering the Myth of a Village-Area within the city, which is both an account of origins and a utopia, like an ideal City providing a framework for local community life and allowing the experimentation of many forms of local community group solidarity
Hozé, Bertrand. "Mémoires d'une terre promise : les mémoires françaises de l'Alsace-Lorraine de 1870 à nos jours : entre mémoire et oubli." Metz, 2000. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/2000/Hoze.Bertrand.LMZ0006.pdf.
Full textAugustin, Jean Ronald. "Mémoire de l'esclavage en Haïti : entrecroisement des mémoires et enjeux de la patrimonialisation." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26648.
Full textAlthough the study of the memories of slavery has still attracted little attention among scholars in Haïti, the first country to be freed from the jaws of transatlantic slavery. Existing synthesis work on the subject are incomplete and take little these memories into account as being of heritage. The present thesis aims to fill this gap and to better our understanding of the situation, the entanglement and the stakes of the memories of slavery in Haiti today. Drawing from a large variety of oral and written sources, the study reveals a two parallel currents of thought characterized by, on the one hand, a lacunar amnesia of slavery and its social consequences (poverty, problem of color, social exclusion), and, on the other hand, by a hypermnesia of glorious historical events (war of independence, slave revolts and liberation). The perceptions of Haitians are divided around the tangible and intangible elements present in public and social space and these divergent views remain at the heart of numerous controversies which shape a wide range of memories: prestigious memory, traumatizing memory, memory of guilt, memory of victimization, memory of reclamation, and consensual memory. Religious practices such as voodoo form the very apotheosis of a memorial occultism connected to this past. All of these memories shed light on the main issues -historic and mnemonic, cultural and religious, social and political, and economic - of the processes of heritage making in Haiti today. The consequences of slavery are very profond and complex. It is difficult to fully appreciate their full depth. Because the memory of slavery is like an iceberg, we only perceive the summit: the base is submerged and hidden under water of forgetfulness. This thesis throws light on the role of these multiple memories in the construction of Haitian identity, torn between recognition and non-recognition of the ancestry of slavery and the appropriation of the ancestry of a free man. Through its memories of slavery, Haiti teaches us that valorizing heritage - beyond the oft-mentioned aspects of “living together” and tourism - is also a tool for making demands, for perpetual combat, for questioning social inequalities, and for resistance. This thesis also teaches us that the heritage status of the memories of slavery in Haitian society today must accommodate the trauma suffered pain, the pride of having triumphed over this tragedy and the consequences of
Verhaeghe, Sidonie. "De la Commune de Paris au Panthéon (1871-2013) : célébrité, postérité et mémoires de Louise Michel Sociologie historique de la circulation d’une figure politique." Thesis, Lille 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIL20010/document.
Full textAt the crossroads of political historical sociology, social history of ideas, and political sociology of collective memories, this research starts from an interrogation on the republican integration dynamics of political radicalism. Itfocuses on explaining the conditions in which Louise Michel, a 19th century woman and anarchist, has become an eligible icon for pantheonisation in 2013. The longitudinal analysis of Louise Michel's career broadly questions the processes of canonization, circulation and transmission which characterize the schemes of political celebration. Initiated by the monographic study of Louise Michel's numerous apparitions, from the last third of the 19th century to the early21st century (press, speeches, memorial events, biographies or textbooks), this essay highlights how a politically marginalized character turns into a leftist icon. It's only by apprehending the political posture and social background ofher interpreters that one can acknowledge the different areas and forms of commemoration. The process of institutional recognition of Louise Michel's legacy is made possible on the one hand by the pacification process of the officialremembrance of the Paris Commune, and on the other hand by the incorporation of Women History in state feminism. It explained the enlargement of both collective and individual identification to Louise Michel's figure. It also authorizedthe hypothesis of Louise Michel's entry to the republican Pantheon. However, this thesis demonstrates as well that some resistance mechanisms remains. The edification of Louise Michel's emblematic figure isn't a linear process but issubject to multiples appropriations that coexist nowadays. Historical figure in collective memories poses a divisive mechanism, characterized by shifting conjunctures that confront forces at the crossroads of different political, activist, academic and intellectual spaces
Ridley, Simon. "Les sens de la liberté d’expression : socio-anthropologie comparative des campus de Berkeley et de Nanterre : appropriations, retournements, récupérations, recompositions et prolongements des mémoires collectives du Free Speech Movement de 1964 et du Mouvement du 22 Mars de 1968." Thesis, Paris 10, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA100013.
Full textThe university is one of the strongest institutions of the modern era. After having been a prime place for dissent in the 1960s, today it is the target of unprecedented attacks by the far-right. This work aims to follow a conflict of definition via a multi-sited ethnography using freedom of expression on university campuses as a world for research. The method combines comparative historical sociology – of the Free Speech Movement (1964) and the Mouvement du 22 Mars (1968) – with a socio-anthropological approach, to shed light over the dualization of the collective memories of student movements. Taking an inductive approach, I travel with my fieldwork via commemorative rites, terrorist attacks, an immersion in several revolutionary groups and a diversity of autonomous practices, all the way to the Trump inauguration and the battle of free speech with the rise of the alt-right and the far-right shows/meetings on campuses, and a series of urban riots. The systematic radical contextualization as well as the practice and genealogy of archives, a living knowledge and lateral comparison, commit to a historical study of the university. Against the theories of human capital and of democracy as a marketplace of ideas, I trace the questions of emancipation following the emergence of a « civic generation » after 1944 to the uses of digital technologies as cultural attacks on democracy. This political ethnography encourages us to (re)think sociology and critical pedagogy as counter-discourses against an anti-intellectual culture, and in doing so it aims to empower a culture of democratic intelligence, a reflexive heritage
St-Louis, Hugo. "Création d'une mémoire collective." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25348/25348.pdf.
Full textWith the improvement and the proliferation of teleinformatics, the distributed systems are widely used in the software industry. A distributed system is a system for which each component is independent and often located in a place away from the other components. In such system, components communicate with each other to exchange information, to coordinate their actions, to make group decisions, etc. However, in these systems, some problematic remain; how to represent information, how to transmit information and how to manage the update information? This study is mainly interested in these problematic of distributed systems where information is centralized on a server. For the case which interests us here, only a part of information is duplicated in the components and it may not be exact. This study is related to the way of sharing knowledge between components of such distributed system. We will more particularly detail the knowledge representation, based on conceptual graphs, as well as a method of indexing this knowledge representation. We proposed an original technique of management of the updates. This technique, based on a statistical analysis of the updates, makes it possible to perceive and maintain up to date the information between the components of the system and the server. With these techniques, we hope to decrease the use of the bandwidth as well as the temporary inconsistency of information between the components and the server.
Principe, José Luis. "Mémoire individuelle et mémoire collective chez saint Augustin." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021AIXM0336.
Full textMy thesis examines the diversity of meanings of memory in the work of St Augustine. The latin term "memoria" is encountered with a semantic richness and diversity that goes beyond its most usual meaning : memory as the psychological faculty of retaining memories. This polysemy includes this psychological meaning, of course, but it also includes a cultic meaning that can mean ‘relic’ or ‘tomb’. In this status, the "memoria"- a physical object invested with a religious value and a cultic function – seems very far from memory as a psychic function. Finally, this polysemy can be further enriched by a liturgical meaning linked to the cultic meaning : "memoria" then designates the evocation of the memory of the saint. This semantic diversity is matched by a certain disciplinary compartmentalisation in Augustinian studies. The aspects that interest philosophers and historians of philosophy are those where memory is treated from a psychological and metaphysical point of view. On the other hand, the collective and social aspects of memory are mostly studied by historians. The bibliography shows that memory and history are treated disjointedly by commentators. The scholarly studies devoted to Augustine’s works most often focus either on memory as a faculty or activity of the individual soul (with particular emphasis on "The Confessions" or "The Trinity"); or on memory as the constitution of a collective identity through history (with a focus on "The City of God", "The sermons"," The Commentaries on the Psalms" or "The Homilies on the Gospel of John")
Lavielle, Julie. "Mémoires d’une violence rémanente : genèse, appropriations et contestations des lieux de mémoire en Colombie." Thesis, Paris 10, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA100010.
Full textThe aim of this research is to capture the plural and fragmented mobilisations around the elaboration of a public narrative of the armed conflict in a context of violence in Colombia. Inspired by works on conflict resolution and on the sociology of memory, it takes as its field of study the places of memory (museums and houses of memory, monuments) that have multiplied since the end of the eighties. It considers the places of memory as relevant objects to grasp the relationships that come into being between political and social forces in a context of a very relative conflict resolution. From interviews and ethnographic observations conducted in three places of memory, the thesis questions the effects of places of memory on politics. This work highlights the limits of the power of the influence that places of memory have on the framing of the memories and in participating in the conflict resolution. On the other hand, they pacify the historically conflictual relationship that the state maintains with certain social groups by reformulating political and economic problems, giving them a symbolic prism, and by creating new forms of struggle and political activism. Places of memory reconfigure relations between those that govern and the governed: through the elaboration of a narrative for the armed conflict, social and political demands come out pacified and re-politicized
Ionescu-Gaglio, Octavia. "Caravan : Investigating the dynamics and consequences of Collective mentAl time tRAvel in light of perceiVed societAl aNomie." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021PA080043.
Full textAfter neglecting the temporal aspect of social groups for a long time, a growing body of research in social psychology now apprehends groups as entities that move through time and suggests that people’s representations of the collective past and future, in addition to being continuously (re)constructed according to the present, are relevant for understanding current collective behaviours. This new line of research has recently led to the idea of a collective mental time travel (CMTT) -i.e., the collective equivalent of individual mental time travel, that would gather the cross-influences between people’s representations of the group’s present, past, and future. This thesis aimed to examine the dynamics and consequences of these CMTT in light of perceived societal anomie -i.e., perceiving that current society is disintegrated and disregulated. Through nine correlational and experimental studies, we found that perceiving anomie within current society (a) lead individuals to reinterpret the national past (e.g., even more positive representations of the former French president Charles de Gaulle) (b) fostered the projection of negative, anxiety-inducing national futures and (c) influenced the relationships between people’s representations of the national past and future (e.g., declinist representations of the nation across time that were steeper when current society was perceived as highly anomic). Moreover, these CMTT were in turn associated with people’s current support for and intention to engage in various types of actions aimed at defending France (including anti-immigration actions)
Castano, Christophe. "Valeurs démocratiques, mémoire et mobilisation collectives : études expérimentales." Paris 5, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA05H032.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to analyse the role of democratic values for collective memory and mobilisation. A first study tries to understand how values of freedon and equality organize collective memory of important events of history. This collective memory is compared according to the age of the participants and their nationality (French, Portuguese, Brazilian and Mexican). The second study concerns social representation of French revolution and the evaluations of his actors. An other study analyzes the links between social representation of democracy and political mobilisation during the social crisis of French presidential elections of 2002. The last study explores the link between social representation of ideal democracy and intentions of action to fight racism. The results obtained in these four studies are analyzed in particular according to the role of democratic institutions to form the historical identity of the community
Thompson, Ashley. "Mémoires du Cambodge." Paris 8, 1999. http://octaviana.fr/document/174487320#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Full textBatambouladio, Ghislain. "Du caractère sacré de la mémoire collective américaine à la contre-mémoire." Thesis, Saint-Etienne, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STET2200.
Full textThis study aims to highlight the contradictory and problematic features of U.S. collective memory, across the generational evolution of the different ethnies. First and foremost, the present study ponders about the viability of American shared History transcending the racial bulwark, as well as the melting-pot ideal. Nowadays, a part of the American citizens bears the scars of slavery, of racial violence, and of the past injustices. The victims of such crimes have failed to mourn for them away, since those tragedies still catch up African-Americans and Native~Americans. By annlyzing the effects of intergenerational and psychic transmission within the upset Black community, it is obvious that we aIso enlighten the way the laltter entertains the feeling of being both a victim and a culprit. Finally. the silence surrounding the United States' historiography shows the signiticant part of a counter-memory, inasmuch as the cultural and linguistic identical labels of those minorities have been gradually denieed. lt thus transpires that a quarter of white Americans descend from enslaved ancestors, which has long turned into psychic pains and lasting conflicts. This dissertal'ion therefore establishes the link between the plight sufferecl by some ethnic groups and the hidden side of America wrestling with the ghosts of her history. Far from reaching a post-racial society. the USA keep on facing again their past days' hardship and sufferings through the hateful scope of racism, despite the multiracial and multicultural policy boasted by the country's official image
Goncalves-Lemée, Carole. "Les mémoires de Vichy dans le présent : pratiques mémorielles, relations sociales et temporalités : Approche anthropologique de la Mémoire et des Temps Sociaux." Bordeaux 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BOR21602.
Full textThis thesis is about the constant presence and evocations of the Vichy period and its memory in French life between 1995 and 2008. This social phenomenon of memory is unprecedented in this country’s history. By studying its characteristics, development and especially the manner in which it is fed by the people’s exchanges and practices, it raises the question of the high incidence in contemporary society of memorial facts, a major trait of modernity today. The question of social communication and memorial actions is at the heart of this work. Advocating a pragmatic approach it allows a functional collection of socio-memorial logics as part of the dynamics of this phenomenon. It uses the diversity of practices and exchanges, studied in vivo as a tool for understanding in the face of questions that a study of “the memory of society” does not generally generate, but which are ever present in “the memory in society”. Memory being linked to social times, this study deal, within the scope of a regime of historicity based on linear and irreversible conception of time, with new problematic of relations with the “other” established in France between the Vichy past, the present and the future. By pointing out the exchanges and practices implied, the study concerns the ever increasing importance given today to the culture of memory. This on the basis of the massive and inter-individual recourse to the public uses of history, or to communal processes of historicity in which the “Vichy” theme together with that of the Shoah constitute the epicentre
Dupuis, Isabelle. "Mémoire commune, mémoire collective : le cas de la grève de Louiseville, 1952-1953." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2001. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/2774/1/000680649.pdf.
Full textKattan, Emmanuel. "Le devoir de mémoire." Paris, EHESS, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999EHES0076.
Full textRossetto, Piera. "Mémoires de diaspora, diaspora de mémoires : juifs de Libye entre Israël et l’Italie, de 1948 à nos jours." Paris, EHESS, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EHES0656.
Full textMy rersearch aims at exploring the processes of memory and identity reconstruction of the jews from Libya emigrated to Israel and Italy during the second half of the 20th century. Based on oral histories, literary sources and artistic productions, I interrogate different ideas of what a "Libyan Jewish identity" consists of, with reference to the past in Libya and the present in the receiving country. The research is based on two main sources on the one hand, I interviewed Jews of Libyan origin in different countries of arrival. On the other hand, I have explored how this identity is performed in the public space, such as museums, heritage centres, as well as in literature and other forms ovf artistic expressions. This last type of sources is what I term "mise en récit publique" of the memories and representations of Jews from Libya
Ontiveros, Teresa. "Marin, la mémoire collective d'un "barrio" populaire à Caracas." Paris 7, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA07A014.
Full textCortazar-Rodriguez, Francisco Javier. "Newsgroups Chicanos et Mexico-Américains : identité et mémoire collective." Paris 13, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA131038.
Full textMacDubhghaill, Rónán. "La mémoire collective et la violence : radicalisation et enracinement." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCB207/document.
Full textThis doctoral thesis concerns Memory, Violence, and Radicalisation. In effect, we use the approaches of sociology of the imaginaire, comprehensive sociology, and narrative research to study these subjects. The hypothesis that we examine in this thesis is that collective memory is a vast and important resource in the radicalisation towards extreme violence. The terrain which we examine this hypothesis is that of the catholic community of Northern Ireland. We examine the testimony of several former combatants of the IRA, taken from a series of qualitative interviews, so as to understand the radicalisation that led them to carrying out acts of violence. This is read against the backdrop of the testimony of members of the same community who did not follow the same path, and illustrated with reference to the cultural resources and elements available to this community. This thesis proposes several modest yet original contributions in the field of collective memory studies (the notions of a poetics of collective memory and territory of collective memory) and radicalisation studies (radicalisation as enracinement, radicalisation as ignition into a narrative of collective memory). The main contribution of this thesis would seek to propose a framework for understanding radicalisation from the standpoint of collective memory
El, sakezli Oreida. "Recherche identitaire et mémoire collective dans l'oeuvre d'Annie Ernaux." Thesis, Tours, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TOUR2030/document.
Full textSearching for identity and collective memory in the works of Annie ُErnaux. This research aims to study Annie´s work on women and their multiple voices, Annie Ernaux is a famous writer who has enriched her novels through her own life experiences. A big figure in autobiography writing, Annie Ernaux has a unique style of writing. She addressed her history, her roots, and the social cultural context in which she grew up. She especially interrogates the feminine figure. Her works are both literary accounts and sociological documents of a life rooted in another centuries values and standards. She recalls the essential role of women in the family and in the city, questioning motherhood, sexuality, parenting, and the relationship between man and woman. She crafts her work in a simple and clear manner with pure emotion devoid of any effect that would divert from her true goal . Thus implicitly questioning the function of the novel
Macé, Jean-François. "Les conflits de mémoire : Espagne, Chili, Argentine." Paris 5, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA05H047.
Full textIn Spain, in Chile and in Argentina, internal violence generated by the political dictatorships left behind particularly traumatized memories. Marked by strong ideological differences, the interpretations of past still divide these countries. Therefore, the memory of the conflicts became conflict of memories. What is the anthropological nature of these conflicts of memory? What are the political and social stakes? In what sense do they participate in the construction of identities? Are they the reflection of a conflict between history and memory? To answer these questions, this study proposes first, a reading of the "historic fields" of the memory through the ethnology of the track. This aims to make possible a wider reflection on the connections between history and memory. Then secondly, through the facts and their observation, this research analyzes the meaning of the policies of memory and the memories of politics in these conflicts in order to define the political stakes and the social aspects. This investigation includes finally several researches on the ground, which aim to allow the comprehension of the role of the memory in the construction of the identity and to tackle better uses and abuses deriving from it. As epilogue, the study presents an introduction to the oral memory, together with a general approach to the relationship between the subjective side registered in memories and its translation to the objectiveness. Just itself, this last issue could be the subject of a different thesis
Delorme, Isabelle. "Les récits mémoriels historiques : mémoire individuelle et mémoire collective du XXe siècle en bande dessinée." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016IEPP0053.
Full textA new genre of comics has developped, the historical graphic memoir, which is based on the author’s personal experience (Marjane Satrapi- Persepolis ) of a major historical event of the twentieth or the twenty- first century, or on one of the author's relatives (Art Spiegelman- Maus ). A graphic novel of the sort is mainly based on the need to transmit a family history. The intimate and personal nature of this type of book implies that a historical graphic memoir is, in most cases, the work of a single author, who directs the script, as well as the drawing and possibly the colour setting. The moral commitment, the involvement of the author in giving an accurate picture of the facts, both personal and historical, induces an important documentary research. The historical graphic memoir is the expression of an individual memory, that is also representative of a collective memory. The appearance of this new genre is linked with the growing interest in memory since the late twentieth century. This is, somehow, a visual and narrative marker of "memorial activism" as highlighted by Henry Rousso. This creates a pictorial memory, a traumatic memory where the picture is predominant; drawn or photographic, it interacts with the text and impresses durably. These albums are accurate and their publication influences the representation we have of historical facts. Maus, the one album ever to have been awarded a Pulitzer Prize (1992) has contributed to a profound change in people's outlook on the Holocaust
Kochbati, Mehdi. "L'écriture de la mémoire dans l'œuvre de Paul Auster : « croisement de mémoire personnelle et collective »." Thesis, Paris 10, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA100116.
Full textThis thesis questions the genesis of memory writing in the work of Paul Auster following a movement of reconstruction of collective and personal memory. On the basis of the assumption that the mechanism of the reconstruction of collective memory and individual memory is the result of the expansion and the reduction of memory space, we examine the crossing between a first movement directed towards the outside and gathering together the collective and a second one directed towards the interior and gathering together the personal. While referring to the paradoxical memory dialectics of personal/collective, interior/external, opening/seclusion, we tried to define how the memory speech, transcending the simple notion of isolated individuality, joins a collective space through a constant interaction established between the “self” and the “other”. Our research prompts us to check if the expansion of memory space, through the parallel text, intertextuality and the multiple metatextual references to the American and European former literary tradition, and to a vast register of literary genre (diary, travel literature and Judaic literary tradition) makes it possible to reconstruct a collective memory. The movement from the collective to the individual and the reconstruction of personal memory are connected with the exploration of the individual’s interior space supported by the reminiscence of childhood memories and filiation, the search for origins, fathering, generational transmission and surrogate fathers
Landron, Michel. "Mémoire individuelle et mémoire collective de la transition démocratique à travers l'oeuvre de Francisco Candel." Nantes, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010NANT3034.
Full textErbetta, Alejandro. "Mémoire et (re)construction d'histoires individuelles, familiales et collectives (approches photographiques)." Thesis, Paris 8, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA080033.
Full textIn a time of exacerbation of the self-representation (through the socialnetworks, among other things), our subject of study proposes a reflection onmemory and the reconstruction of histories in the artistic practices. Using as astarting point a personal photographical work (Reprises), we propose a linkbetween theory and creation, in a dialectic that starts from the analysis ofpersonal works, to establish a dialogue with theorists and contemporaryartworks dealing with these issues. In this kind of retrospective approaches thatreinterpret the past, the artists work from the material and memory traces, suchas the images of family albums, archives, documents, or testimonies. Mixingdifferent esthetical universes in a new unity, they make coexist their ownimages with existing sources, disappeared lives with their own existences. Theirworks thus become a artistic re-creation and postulate a special narrative spacewhich evokes a poetics of the memory. Partial and fragmentary, they show anarrative reconfigured by the imaginary and the editing. They exceed thestrictly photographical field and open their language to the dialogue with otherarts, taking the form of hybrid artworks. What relation can be set betweenmemory, reconstruction and identity, between individual and collectivehistory ? If the past is being transformed, how to rebuild it ?
Erbetta, Alejandro. "Mémoire et (re)construction d'histoires individuelles, familiales et collectives (approches photographiques)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA080033.
Full textIn a time of exacerbation of the self-representation (through the socialnetworks, among other things), our subject of study proposes a reflection onmemory and the reconstruction of histories in the artistic practices. Using as astarting point a personal photographical work (Reprises), we propose a linkbetween theory and creation, in a dialectic that starts from the analysis ofpersonal works, to establish a dialogue with theorists and contemporaryartworks dealing with these issues. In this kind of retrospective approaches thatreinterpret the past, the artists work from the material and memory traces, suchas the images of family albums, archives, documents, or testimonies. Mixingdifferent esthetical universes in a new unity, they make coexist their ownimages with existing sources, disappeared lives with their own existences. Theirworks thus become a artistic re-creation and postulate a special narrative spacewhich evokes a poetics of the memory. Partial and fragmentary, they show anarrative reconfigured by the imaginary and the editing. They exceed thestrictly photographical field and open their language to the dialogue with otherarts, taking the form of hybrid artworks. What relation can be set betweenmemory, reconstruction and identity, between individual and collectivehistory ? If the past is being transformed, how to rebuild it ?
Park, Jin-Woo. "La mémoire collective saisie par les médias : l'enquête sociologique sur l'enjeu social à l'égard de la mémoire." Paris 5, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA05H111.
Full textThe principal object of this study is to understand the notion of « history » and « memory » relative to the actual circumstance, which is largely dominated by the logic of the media. It aims to understand the mode of existence of the history and the memory, in the sociological term, in the age of the media. The notion of memory and the amplified polemics concerning this notion is one of the most characteristic aspects of our time. Our study describes this aspect under the category of « social issue of the memory ». To analyse this problem concerning the memory, we have introduced the factor of media, which is omnipresent in the contemporary society. This study focuses on the reconstruction processus of the social memory, caused by the media interventions in this field of social activities. Today, the media is not anymore an auxiliary factor, but they play an important role for the construction and the propagation of memory, refoulee or modified
Charpenel, Marion. ""Le privé est politique !" : sociologie des mémoires féministes en France." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014IEPP0034.
Full textThis thesis investigates the ways feminist activists evoke the past in present-day France. Drawing on Halbwach’s sociology of memory and on collective action theory, this work aims to shed light on how shared visions of the past can arise from a social movement as open and plural as the feminist one. Based on biographical and projective interviews, on ethnographic fieldwork and on written archives, this thesis endeavours to demonstrate that there are three main conditions that allow for the existence of a feminist collective memory. First, owing to a consensus within this space about the need to make women more visible in history, a feminist “duty to remember” gives political reasons for the activists to regularly enact the past through collective action. Second, at a meso level, feminist groups may agree on certain representations of the past depending on current political debates and on internal power relationships. However, these convergences are so context-sensitive that it prevents them from constructing a feminist “official history”. Finally, at a micro level, the personal stories of each militant are expressed in comparable accounts and narrative forms. It is the statement "the personal is political" that allows for a common interpretation of the past, hinging on the assertion of oneself as an autonomous subject. Indeed, since the 1970s, feminist movements have developed collective practices that have encouraged activists to regularly tell their biographical story within feminist “spaces of the speakable”. The thesis demonstrates that it is this process of mutual framing of biographical accounts that leads to the homogenization of the activists’ memories
Sandrini, Clara. "Politique urbaine & mémoire collective : monumentalisation de Paris depuis l'Occupation." Paris 8, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA083582.
Full textChelbi, Mustapha. "Culture et mémoire collective "les trois degrés de la mémoire maghrébine : la tradition, l'éducation et les média"." Bordeaux 3, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986BOR30011.
Full textThe dialectical relation between culture and the collective memory can be assessed by the means put at the disposal of society in order to preserve its knowledge and to transmit it to the future generations. The cultural memory is produced by the memotchnical structures related to the development of communication media. From this reasoning, we've proved that the mechanism of communication pass through three stages and this by referring to maghrebin culture : the tradition stage, the education stage and the mass media stage. All these have conveyed a pattern of knowledge. In fact, the traditional society has established spaces of communication managed by orality, the educational society has been based on writing in order to transmit its knowledge and, finally, the audio-visual society uses mass media to broadcast its messages and preserve them. By dividing the history of cultural communication in the maghreb into three periods, we've been able to draw a problematic which intends to be universal and which has as motto : culture is what remains
Ostriïtchouk, Zazulya Olha. "Deux mémoires pour une identité en Ukraine post-soviétique." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/21527.
Full textSerrano, Moreno Juan Enrique. "Mémoires de vainqueurs, mémoires de vaincus. : La construction démocratique à l'épreuve des conflits autour des mémoires de la Guerre Civile et du franquisme." Thesis, Paris 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA010325.
Full textThis PhD thesis analyzes the role of conflict in relation to the memories of the Spanish Civil War and Francoism in the context of democracy building in the long-term and the local, regional and national levels. The socio-historical study of practices, discourses and intercations between agents such as the statee, the church, the political parties, historiography, victims' associations or families, elucidates how the memory of the Cicil War ceased to be a manichean story, being depoliticized during the transition, and finally becam, once democracy was consolidated, a policy field and a militant cause. The intersectorial circulation of political, religious, historical and legal knwledges, actions and agents-bearing dibergent and little reflexive interpretations of history-involved the establishment of cultural matrices by which ordinary citizens translate contemporary politics. The conflicts between the victors'memories and the vanquished's ones are both the cause and the effect of the policization of memory and the memorization of politics, thus participating in the undermining of the initial legitimacy of the Spanish democratic regime
Toma, Yann. "En cas d'oubli, prière d'en faire part : plasticité et mémoire collective." Paris 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA010655.
Full textDaynes, Sarah. "Le mouvement Rastafari : mémoire, musique et religion." Paris, EHESS, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001EHES0031.
Full textMartino-Fristot, Éléonora. "La mémoire du blocus de Léningrad 1945-1999." Paris, EHESS, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002EHES0014.
Full textKubler, Anne. "La mémoire de la deuxième guerre punique." Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010659.
Full textDuring the Second Punic War, Rome and Carthage confront each other for the hegemony of the western part of the Mediterranean from 219/218 to 201 BC. This war was remembered throughout the centuries in the writings of the Antiquity. The study of the memory of the Second Punic War during the Antiquity consists to analyze the operation of this « collective memory », to identify its uses and abuses. To reach this objective, a text corpus about twenty authors of the Antiquity was selected, from Fabius Pictor to Augustin. A first comparative study of the stories about the Second Punic War of these twenty authors covers the identification of the characteristics of this collective memory. A second comparative study, based on a method elaborated with the semiotics concepts and discourse analysis, was used for a detailed analysis of three episodes of this war : the fall of Sagunto and the outbreak of war, the passage of the Alps by Hannibal, the battle of Lake Trasimeno. Thus, the collective memory of the Second Punic War, in addition to « war memory », can also be described as a « civic memory » and a « manipuled memory ». This collective memory develops the roman qualities (virtus, pietas and fides) who based their identity through a series of exempla. Some historical events of this war have become structuring elements of this collective memory. Between the second century BC and the fifth century AD., four moments were distinguished in the functioning of the collective memory of the Second Punic War : the moment of « historisation », the moment of« exemplarity », the moment of« reduction », and the moment of «diversion»
Foscarini, Giorgia. "Mémoire collective et identité culturelle : une étude comparative des politiques de mémoire et d’identité chez les Israéliens d’origine polonaise et tunisienne." Thesis, Paris 10, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PA100051.
Full textThe main aim of this thesis is to study how the identities and memories of Israelis of Ashkenazi and Mizrahi descent in Israel have been created and developed throughout time, up until today. As a case-study, two specific ethnic groups will be considered: Israelis of Polish and of Tunisian descent. The questions my work will try to answer are: how Israeli Jewish identities have been built over time and space? What is the role ethnic stratification played in their creation and why ethnicity still plays a central role in today’s Israel? My aim is to question the paradox of a shared Jewishness that has been used both as a unifying factor (Biblical narrative, Jewish law and tradition), and as a line of demarcation (different Jewish communities in the Diaspora), pushed me to ask questions about how references from the past have been reworked in the present to establish what does it mean to be “ethnically Jewish” in Israel today
Semati, Asma. "Les relations franco-algériennes dans la presse indépendante d'expression française (2007-2009) : mémoire collective, mémoire discursive et discours médiatique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Besançon, 2016. http://indexation.univ-fcomte.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/5a957e45-55fc-422d-87f5-ee435d73f1c2.
Full textUsing the concepts and analysis methods of speech, taking inconsideration the textometry to specify tbhistorical context, political and mediatheque. This thesis suggests to indicate throughout 783 french speakin algerian press articals, how the painful collective memory, caused by the colonisation and war, come up to mention the current relationship between France and Algeria. In four independant local newspapers emerging from the freedom of speech initated in the 90s, El watan, Le Quotidien d'Oran. Liberté and l'Expression, the study of this period is a « discursive moment » contained by two presidential elections, one in France (N. Sarkozy in 2007), the other in Algeria (A. Bouteflika reelected in 2009). Varying the different angles of analysis (content analysis, enunsiative analysis, argument-based analysis, textometry), bring out a general overview for the different elements and micro--corpus considered. In a perspective of dominante enonciativ and discursive, the related titles to the french nuclear testing in the 60s are investigated and the designation of events (« the war of Algeria », « 8th of May 1945 ») and the protagonists . A contextual analysis of the comparative and argumentative content about the different treatment of the four newspapers of some propose events. The exploration of the textometry will complete the analysis
Hureau, Joëlle. "Du devenir au souvenir : la mémoire collective des Français d'Algérie : 1830-1987." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990IEPP0016.
Full textAmongst many of the varied outlets, literature has been chosen to portray the collective memories of the French Algerian people. This undefined community produced writers who were to reflect its ambiguity. If the literary works which came to the fore from 1830 to 1987 are analysed, four periods can be distinguished. As the Algerian conquest by the french progressed (1830-1847), new experiences and memories were being developed. These were based on the varied cultural backgrounds of the people and on the entirely new circumstances. The overall theme was that their new land could be both dangerous and promising. However from 1848 to 1895 their collective memories seem to consolidate irrespective of the conquest now completed. These new works emphasize the need for harmony despite their heterogenous backgrounds but violent riots (1864-1881) were to defy this viewpoint. From 1896 to 1954, the themes become more constant and allow the differentiation of two groups: "Algerians" - this literaly refers the french or Europeans-and the "natives", not easily integrated with the new "Algerians". Finally their long established memories are shattered by Algeria's war (1954- 1962). Yet this war initiates a new process of memorisation based on individuals and associations
Moreno, Baptista César. "Mémoire collective et tradition orale dans la société paysanne de Boyaca (Colombie)." Paris 8, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA082620.
Full textThe investigation is intended to study the farmers’ religiosity in the Colombian Eastern Andes. The central element on which it is developed is the symbolism of the catholic sanctuaries where peregrinations and celebrations take place; element considered both as construction of cultural identity and collective memory among the farmers. A comparative study of the ritual practice of the celebrations and the peregrinations to four catholic sanctuaries is presented, and illustrates that these practices are the result of very old traditions that were synthesized with the arrival of the Spaniards to America. In the investigation it is also illustrated that these religious practices articulate the interpersonal and collective social relations of the farmers, at local and regional level. The apportions of the Hispanic religions are inferred from the oral narrations, the myths and the beliefs that are conserved by the oral tradition. The compilation of the information was made through interviews to the farmers by means of ethnographic field work
Sereno, Marie-Noëlle. "Résistance italienne et littérature : Contribution à une étude de la mémoire collective." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM3102.
Full textSix notable Italian authors (Beppe Fenoglio, Italo Calvino, Elio Vittorini, Renata Viganò, Luigi Meneghello, Mario Tobino) portrayed what the life of the insurgents was during World War II. This research investigates the potential of their fictional works to help historian better understand this crucial period, they experienced.An appraisal of fictitious accounts of the war, as seen from the insurgent's perspective, may help understanding their state of mind once facing the armed forces of both the German occupant and fascists battalions. Their pre-political sensibility has been defined by the historian Guido Quazza as 'existential anti-Fascism". Historian's accounts of the Italian Resistance portrayed it from a somewhat idealistic view, mostly highlighting the heroic side. However, it is clear from the literature analyzed, that it was far from harmonious. The writer stresses the multifarious and the diversity of the population's comportments. Historical works of the 1950's concentrated on analyzing the support by the peasants to the Resistance, while in the 1970's this focus shifted to the importance of the "grey zone", the non-committal population. The novels underline the factual, supportive attitude of women throughout the Italian Resistance, only corroborated by recent scholarly works.This research indicates the efficacy of fictional literature as a complement to the use of historical cultural anthropology, for analyzing components of the Italian Resistance. Their keenness and subtlety allows scholars to better assess people's thoughts behind observed events. Use of this material may help avoid a simplified building of memory
Fernandez, Quintana Anabel. "Le culte de María Lionza au Venezuela contemporain : mémoire collective et politique." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEH025.
Full textThe cult of possession around María Lionza experienced a period of growth at the beginning of the twentieth century, when the heavy flow of migrants supplied not only the operation of the oilfields but also the urban spaces which, as the principal beneficiaries of the economic miracle created by the discovery of the “black gold”, underwent a dizzying process of modernization. This devotion to María Lionza, which originated in the north central region of Venezuela, was therefore strengthened in parallel with the rise of the rentier economic model and the erection of a centralised State determined to implement an ambitious programme of national unification in which the patriotic historiography, then broadly promoted by the authorities, was the driving force. Curiously, the great symbols of this republican cosmogony would gradually come to be found in the “spirit” centres (marialionceros) which flourished, especially in cities: thus, in the late 1950s, several historic figures (such as the Chief Guaicaipuro and the Liberator Simón Bolívar) were gradually integrated into the devotional altars, which were always ready to accept new entities. These characters, who came to be seen as divinities, communicate directly with the followers of the cult through mediums during the sacred trance ritual. This thesis examines the nature and sense of the interferences and possible overlaps between the representations of the past transmitted by the Venezuelan nation-state, and those promoted by the cult of María Lionza. Through an exploration of the mutations undergone by this religious devotion in the twentieth century, we examine the extraordinary capacity of this religious phenomenon to retrieve certain episodes of the past, from the Spanish Conquest and the Wars of Independence to the contradictory oil-based modernity. Within this approach, the notion of “collective memory” plays a central role, because this re-appropriation essentially presupposes the re-elaboration, in accordance with the political and economic crises which have shaken the country, of Venezuela’s history as seen in scholarly discourse. Starting with a field survey carried out at the most important pilgrimage site of the cult of María Lionza, the Sorte Mountain (Yaracuy state), we explain the threads of memory which have become intertwined and entangled in the cult over the course of the last two centuries, while offering a consideration of the new, sometimes completely unsuspected readings which they offer of the shared past. For this purpose, we offer firstly a detailed analysis of the sacred geography of Quibayo (Sorte Mountain) to demonstrate how the collected representations of previous times work in tandem with the historical periods of social tension whose coups and countercoups marked different generations of devotees. We then turn to the performative dimension of collective memory, by focusing on one of the most popular spiritual approaches, that of the Indians, and their staging of the principal ritual of collective possession, the “dance over coals”. Finally, we trace the recent development of the cult in this period of revolutionary fervour, and measure the impact of the powerful return of a nationalist ideology on this religious devotion
Rossetto, Piera. "Mémoires de diaspora, diaspora de mémoires. Juifs de Libye entre Israël et l'Italie, de 1948 à nos jours." Doctoral thesis, Université Ca’ Foscari et EHESS, 2015. https://hdl.handle.net/10278/5012741.
Full textMacaya, Lizano Ariana. "Histoire, mémoire et droit : les usages juridiques du passé." Thesis, Paris 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA010307/document.
Full textThe debate over the “memorial laws” that developed in France since 2005 catalyzed a discussion on the relationship between law, history and collective memory. While Law cannot and, above all, should not write history, there are actually numerous connections between the Law and the past that render the past a true legal object. Law is, indeed, part of a past that can be juridically organized. Hence, the claim that Law is a social phenomenon implies not only that it can affect the social context but also that it is inscribed in a given context. In this regard, the past that the Law aims to organize exercises an influence over its formation and its application. Furthermore, the past can be the basis of the Law’s legitimacy and authority. At the same time, the Law participates in the organization of the past. If the past needs to be represented or rebuilt in order to become an object of knowledge, the Law can not only regulate, guide and organize those representations, but it can also build them itself, thus contributing to the establishment of an appeased collective memory. The frequency and variety of the Law’s references to the past demonstrate their relevance and usefulness. However, a closer examination of the use of the past within the Law reveals that this use carries the seeds of potential misuse. If those risks were highlighted by the debate over the “memorial laws”, further critical examination relativizes the dangers of juridification of the past and stresses the need for a better articulation of the relationship between Themis, Mnemosyne and Clio
Bridji, Fateh. "Les appelés de la guerre d'Algérie : sociologie d'une mémoire." Nantes, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004NANT3009.
Full textThe memory of the conscripts during the Algerian War is apprehended from sociologically built up problematics. The first part of the thesis tries to define the colonial, military and warlike triple context. As far as the conscripts' experience could only be analysed if reintroduced in this context perspective, the second part of this work consists in the confrontation of the resuts given by the first one and obtained by the historians with those coming from an original interview. Hence, their specific position within the "civilian" social structure and the military resocialization they had to undergo have particularly subjected these young conscripts to State censure. The effects of symbolic violence legitimately exercised by the State and guarantor for official representation of past and present reality (as objective History), thus, operate the agreement between the State control censure and the silence of former young conscripts about a long repressed past