Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Mémoire à stockage de charges'
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Habhab, Radouane. "Optimisation d'architectures mémoires non-volatiles à piégeage de charges pour les applications microcontrôleur et mémoire autonome." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023COAZ4102.
Full textThe aim of this thesis work is to evaluate the performance in programming/cycling/retention of a SONOS memory cell based on a highly innovative split-gate architecture developed by STMicroelectronics, the eSTM™ (embedded Select in Trench Memory). Firstly, we explain the realization of this SONOS memory, which is based on a process step modification of the floating gate eSTM™ memory, with this modification carried out without additional cost.Secondly, we investigate the most efficient program and erase mechanisms for this memory, which also leads us to propose a new SONOS memory architecture. Thirdly, we electrically characterize the P/E activations of the SONOS eSTM™ cell for the two available architectures: dual gate and overlap. For dual gate memory, both memory cells on either side of the selection transistor have their own "ONO/control gate" stack. For overlap memory, the ONO layer is common to both memory cells. Even though this layer is shared, the information storage in ONO is localized only under the relevant control gate due to the discrete nature of charge trapping. The mechanism implemented for write and erase operations is carrier hot injection, and we detail the optimization of biases (different for the two available architectures) of the drain and select gate, which define the written and erased threshold voltages. We then perform endurance tests up to one million cycles for both architectures. Finally, we conduct a study on retention and charge pumping to assess the oxide quality at the interface of our cells. In a fourth phase, we seek to better understand the operation of the memory transistor and the variability of eSTM™ using TCAD simulations and electrical measurements on structures with various geometries
Duguay, Sébastien. "Propriétés de stockage de charges de nanocristaux de germanium incorporés dans des couches de silice par implantation ionique." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2006. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2006/DUGUAY_Sebastien_2006.pdf.
Full textOne way to improve current Flash memories is to replace the actual continuous floating gate by an array of nanocrystals discrete charge storage. In this work, silicon dioxide (SiO2) on Si layers with embedded germanium nanocrystals (Ge-ncs) were fabricated using Ge+-implantation and subsequent annealing. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry have been used to study the Ge redistribution in the SiO2 films as a function of annealing temperature and implantation conditions (dose, energy). A monolayer of Ge-ncs near and clearly separated of the Si/SiO2 interface was formed under specific annealing and implantation conditions. This layer, with a nc density and mean-size measured to be respectively of the order of 1x1012 /cm2 and 4,5 nm, is located at approximately 4 nm from the Si/SiO2 interface. Increasing the implantation dose leads to the formation of a second monolayer situated in the middle of the SiO2 film. Capacitance-voltage measurements were performed on metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) structures containing such implanted SiO2 layers in order to study their electrical properties. The results indicate a strong memory effect at relatively low programming voltages (< 5V), due to the presence of Ge-ncs near the Si/SiO2 interface. Retention and charging times are however found to be incompatible with industrial requirements
Gacem, Karim. "Contribution à l’étude du transport et du stockage de charges dans des structures contenant des nanocristaux de germanium." Reims, 2008. http://theses.univ-reims.fr/exl-doc/GED00000978.pdf.
Full textThe work reported in this thesis is devoted to electrical characterization of germanium nanocrystals (Ge-ncs) elaborated by dewetting on a silicon dioxide layer which is thermally grown on a silicon substrate. The study is divided in two parts: First, current - voltage (I-V) and capacitance (high frequency; 1 MHz) - voltage (C-V) measurements were performed to characterize nanocrystals capped with amorphous silicon. Hence, Coulomb blockade effect at room temperature has been evidenced for nanocrystals with the smallest (~ 3. 5 nm) mean diameter. Both I-V and C-V measurements revealed the charge trapping phenomenon in the nanocrystals. The latter is affected by Ge-ncs average size and density and the effects of these two parameters have been separated thanks to measurements at different temperatures. Accordingly, a thermal activation energy of the charge detrapping was calculated and shown to be dependent on the average size (or gap) of nanocrystal. Secondly, characterization with conductive atomic force microscopy was performed on samples containing uncapped nanocrystals. The effects of Ge-ncs size and density on charge trapping and transport have been studied. NF-EBIC (Near Field - Electron Beam Induced Current) measurements showed the electrical activity of sample surface with uncapped Ge-ncs. Finally, minority carrier diffusion lengths measurements have been made. The results showed that this key parameter is reduced by the presence of Ge-ncs and the enhancement of their density
Gacem, Karim. "Contribution à l'étude du transport et du stockage de charges dans des structures contenant des nanocristaux de germanium." Phd thesis, Université de Reims - Champagne Ardenne, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00354362.
Full textEn premier lieu, des mesures courant – tension (I-V) et capacité (haute fréquence ; 1 MHz) – tension (C-V) ont été effectuées pour caractériser des nanocristaux recouverts par du silicium amorphe. Les résultats ont montré l'apparition du blocage de Coulomb à température ambiante dans des nc-Ge ayant le plus petit (~3.5 nm) diamètre. Les mesures I-V et C-V ont révélé le phénomène de piégeage dans les nanocristaux. Ce dernier est conditionné par leur taille et densité moyennes, dont les effets ont été séparés grâce aux mesures en température. En conséquence, la variation en température du nombre moyen d'électrons piégés par nanocristal a permis d'accéder à une énergie d'activation thermique qui s'est révélée être dépendante de la taille moyenne (ou du gap) du nanocristal.
En deuxième lieu, des caractérisations par microscopie à force atomique en mode conducteur ont été effectuées sur des échantillons contenant des nc-Ge non recouverts. Là aussi, le transport et le piégeage ont été abordés en mettant en évidence l'effet de la taille et la densité moyennes des nc-Ge. Des mesures EBIC (courant induit par faisceau d'électrons) en champ proche (NF-) ont aussi été menées pour cartographier l'activité électrique en surface des échantillons. Elles ont été suivies par des mesures de la longueur effective de diffusion des porteurs minoritaires en excès. Les résultats ont montré que ce paramètre est réduit par la présence de nc-Ge et par l'augmentation de leur densité
Melul, Franck. "Développement d'une nouvelle génération de point mémoire de type EEPROM pour les applications à forte densité d'intégration." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022AIXM0266.
Full textThe objective of this thesis was to develop a new generation of EEPROM memory for high reliability and high density applications. First, an innovative memory cell developed by STMicroelectronics - eSTM (Split-gate charge storage memory with buried vertical selection transistor) - was studied as a reference cell. In a second part, to improve the reliability of the eSTM cell and to allow a more aggressive miniaturization of the EEPROM cell, a new memory architecture has been proposed: the BitErasable cell. It showed an excellent reliability and allowed to bring elements of under-standing on the degradation mechanisms present in these memory devices with buried selection transistor. This new architecture also offers the possibility to individually erase cells in a memory array: bit by bit. Aware of the great interest of bit-by-bit erasing, a new erasing mechanism by hot hole injection has been proposed for the eSTM cell. It has shown performances and a level of reliability perfectly compatible with the industrial requirements of Flash-NOR applications
Armeanu, Dumitru Constantin. "Modélisation physique du stockage dans les nanocristaux de mémoires flash quantiques." Strasbourg, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011STRA6144.
Full textThe main objective is to refine the understanding of the phenomena of charge / discharge of a nanocrystal flash memory from the modeling of a single nanocrystal. This work is based on a previous model of a single isolated nanocrystal. First, an improvement of this model was carried out with a new modeling of the metal gate and the p-doped semiconducting channel in accumulation regime. The 3D continuum of energy is represented by a succession of 2D subbands selected to keep the density of states. Then, the goal was to include the electrostatic coupling between the nanocrystals. A method was developed to characterize the neighborhood of a particular nanocrystal in a disordered layer: the first neighbors of a nanocrystal are then generated in a realistic way. Next, a study of the electrostatic coupling from three-dimensional simulations between a nanocrystal of interest and the first neighbor nanocrystals was made: we can separate the influence of the dielectric neighborhood (nanocrystal empty) from the charged neighborhood (charged nanocrystals). For each influence, a method taking into account the first neighbor nanocrystals has been proposed, ensuring compatibility with the model of a single isolated nanocrystal. After validation of these two approaches, a model of a single nanocrystal taking into account the electrostatic influence of nearest neighbors has been developed
Richard, Jimmy. "Cyclophanes de viologènes adressables pour stockage de charges." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019STRAF021.
Full textStoring data on a molecule is a fundamental challenge in developing a system that can store a large amount of data in a minimum of space. The project of this thesis is part of this theme, namely the design of molecular switches oscillating by redox stimuli and being readable without altering the different states to allow the creation of molecular memory. The bis-viologen cyclophanes are therefore potential candidates for the creation of information storage devices that could be reversibly written and read in many ways thanks to the magnetic, optical and conductive properties of the π-dimer. The first chapter of this thesis is devoted to an introduction to the chemistry of cyclophanes and the use of surfaces in the chemistry of cyclophanes and molecular switches. The second chapter deals with the synthesis of viologenes and bis-viologen cyclophanes. The third chapter is devoted to the synthesis of diazapyrenium-viologenes cyclophanes, possible alternatives for bis-viologen cyclophanes
Ferraton, Stéphane. "Caractérisation et modélisation du stockage de charge dans des nanocristaux de silicium de nouvelles mémoires non volatiles." Grenoble INPG, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006INPG0011.
Full textThe reliability of the gate stack of conventional non volatile floating gate memory device is a major issue to pursue the downscaling of the memories. A solution consists in introducing new materials such as a discrete layer of silicon nanocrystals (Si-nc) acting as a floating gate. A study of the charging/discharging mechanisms of Si-nc using complementary electrical techniques (quasi-static C,I-V, LF noise, impedance, DLTS) is presented in this manuscript. The charging and the charge dynamics of the Si-nc is clearly evidenced using simultaneous quasi-static capacitance and current measurements based on the feedback charge method. The characteristics are simulated using models involving three states of charge and a size distribution of Si-nc in agreement with SEMITEM micrographs. Furthermore, the tunneling constant and the space charge density (Si-nc, traps HTO/Si02. . . ) in the gate oxide are determined by low frequency noise technique. Ln addition, the noise PSD obtained from the gate conductance measurements shows a good agreement with those obtained by the low frequency noise measurements. Finally, using a spectroscopy technique (FT-DLTS), the response of the Si-nc is distinguished from the slow traps response located at the interface between the tunnel oxide and the control oxide. The size dispersion and the accommodation of multiple charges in the biggest Si-nc are revealed. Different complementary electrical techniques and specifie physical models are used to highlight the charging mechanisms of the Si-nc
Patton, Gaël. "Étude des effets mémoire dans les matériaux scintillateurs." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO10125/document.
Full textThe interest of scintillating materials is the conversion of high energy radiations (γ or α particles, electrons, ...) in low energy photons detectable by usual photo-detectors. They are used in many applications : research in high energy physics, gamma spectrometry for research or radiation protection, medical and technical X-ray imaging, as well as for homeland security. The scintillation properties of this materials is dependent on the history of irradiation. This behavior, called memory effect, directly affects the performance of instruments using these materials. Three different memory effects can be distinguished : aging is a decrease in the scintillation yield after an absorption of ionizing radiation, the afterglow is the persistence of light emission after excitation, and finally radio-sensitization which is an increase of scintillation yield depending on the dose absorbed by the scintillator. This work mainly focus on the understanding of radio-sensitization phenomenon and afterglow in the scintillators. A model material, Y PO4 : Ce,Nd, was used to highlight the correlation between charges carrier traps present in the material and memory effects. Once this link is highlighted, a study of a commercial material widely used in many applications, thallium doped cesium iodide, was lead. Based on thermoluminescence measures, a numerical model was developed to simulate the memory effects in these materials and to predict their behavior in case of modification of charge carrier traps. Furthermore, several methods to reduce memory effects were investigated through the introduction of new traps with specific characteristics or through optical stimulation of the material in parallel to its irradiation. Finally, the role of radiosensitization in the scintillation efficiency under gamma excitation was highlighted on BaAl4O7 : Eu2+ ceramics. These results suggest a way to improve performance of some scintillating performance by the exaltation via prior irradiation
Beigneux, Katia. "Vieillissement cognitif et capacités de stockage de la mémoire de travail visuo-spatiale." Tours, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006TOUR2007.
Full textThe aim of this work was to evaluate the aging of the visuospatial sketchpad with the Visual Patterns Test and the Corsi blocks tapping test and to try to explain this age-related effect. Five experiments have compared young and older adults' visual and spatial spans. Results show an age-related effect is more pronounced on the visual storage capacities. Moreover, the age-related effect on the visuospatial sketchpad is mediated by the processing speed slowing and the reduction of the attentional resources. Lastly, the simultaneous presentation and the visual nature of information of the Visual Patterns Test can account for the more pronounced age-related effect on the visual storage capacities of the working memory insofar as these characteristics seem to require more self-initiated process than those of the Corsi blocks tapping test
Yin, Shaoyi. "Un modèle de stockage et d'indexation pour des données embarquées en mémoire flash." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011VERS0008.
Full textNAND Flash has become the most popular stable storage medium for embedded systems. Efficient storage and indexing techniques are very challenging to design due to a combination of NAND Flash constraints and embedded system constraints. In this thesis, we propose a new model relying on two basic principles: database serialization and database stratification. An indexing technique called PBFilter is presented to illustrate these principles. Analytical and experimental results show that the new approach meets very well the embedded system requirements. The PBFilter technique has been integrated into a complete embedded DBMS engine PlugDB. PlugDB is used in a real-life application implementing a secure and portable medico-social folder. PlugDB can be also seen as a central building block for a global vision named Personal Data Server, whose objective is to manage personal information in a secure, privacy-preserving and user-controlled way
Ceccom, Johnatan. "Quel rôle pour l'hippocampe dans le stockage rapide d'un souvenir épisodique ?" Toulouse 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011TOU30249.
Full textEpisodic memory supports acquisition, storage and recall of autobiographic memories experienced in a specific temporo-spatial context. Many parameters and particularly the emotional burden can modulate episodic memory formation and improve the anchoring of "one-shot learning" as it is the case in "flashbulb memories". The CA3 hippocampal area is specifically involved in this type of memory. The high content of zinc and now acknowledged presence of NMDA receptors at the postsynaptic level allow Mossy Fibers to play the role of a detonator responsible of the fast generation and storage of episodic memories into the CA3 recurrent network. We also showed that memory impairments induced by reversible inactivation of zinc and NMDA receptors may be compensated by spaced learning procedures resulting in a "spacing effect" phenomenon that is dependent of proteins expression in CA3. Although the implication of CA1 and CA3 hippocampal area is clearly established for the acquisition and storage of multimodal information, their role in memory recall is less clear. Using simultaneous reversible inactivations of CA1 and CA3 areas by a local anaesthetic, we showed that these regions are both involved in the recall of memories acquired 24h earlier and that each of them is sufficient for triggering the recall of a complete memory. Finaly, our last study focused on episodic memory impairments in a neurodegenerative syndrom : Alzheimer disease. A "fast" mouse model of amyloid pathology was designed by injecting an oligomeric solution of Aß1-42 peptide in the brain of wild type mice. 21 days after injection, mice showed long term memory impairments in the contextual fear conditioning paradigm. The effects of different treatments were compared using this model : memantin, a symptomatic treatment used in Humans and heavy metal chelators, clioquinol and a new drug, PA1637 were used. These chelators designed to reduce oxidative stress proved successful in reversing the disturbing effect induced by the amyloid pathology. PA1637 that proved less toxic and displayed greater efficacy than clioquinol, carries good curative potentialities as a lead treatment for Alzheimer's disease
Michelot, Julien. "Développement d'une photodiode à stockage de charges vertical pour les capteurs d'image CMOS éclairés par la face arrière." Thesis, Grenoble, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012GRENT127.
Full textThe continuous improvement of CMOS image sensor resolution leads to pixel size downscaling that degrades the amount of storable charges in the photodiode and the pixel’s dynamic range. Purpose of this study is to evaluate new photodiode architecture, dedicated to backside illuminated image sensor technology that maintains the same amount of storable charges despite the pixel size shrink. The disclosed solution consists in realizing a vertical pinned photodiode with silicon in-depth charge storage. The setup of a one-dimensional, pinned photodiode with symmetric junctions, analytical model allows the understanding of the physical parameters impact – cathode and anode doping concentration, distance from junction to junction – on full well capacity. On the other hand, the development of a non-self-aligned drain to the transfer gate eliminates the charge lag due to the transfer gate architecture. The optimization of technological process steps specific to vertical pinned photodiode and to transfer gate was conducted through finite elements simulations and dedicated technological trials. Finally, the feasibility of a pinned photodiode with a full well capacity of 11000 electrons has been demonstrated for a 1.4 μm pixel pitch.Keywords : CMOS Image Sensor, Vertical Pinned Photodiode, In-depth Charge Storage, Backside Illumination
Duguay, Sébastien Grob Jean-Jacques Slaoui Abdelilah. "Propriétés de stockage de charges de nanocristaux de germanium incorporés dans des couches de silice par implantation ionique." Strasbourg : Université Louis Pasteur, 2007. http://eprints-scd-ulp.u-strasbg.fr:8080/637/02/duguay2006.pdf.
Full textGacem, Karim El Hdiy Abdelillah. "Contribution à l'étude du transport et du stockage de charges dans des structures contenant des nanocristaux de germanium." Reims : S.C.D. de l'Université, 2008. http://scdurca.univ-reims.fr/exl-doc/GED00000978.pdf.
Full textGuittenit, Christophe. "Placement d'objets multimédias sur un groupe hétérogène de dispositifs de stockage." Toulouse 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002TOU30098.
Full textThe data administration of storage system consists in providing to each application a storage space having a quality of service appropriate to the needs for this application: quality expressed in term of storage capacity, reliability and availability of storage, and of performances in access time and throughput (bandwidth). This thesis proposes to make the study of the automatic administration of a heterogeneous storage system dedicated to the service of multimedia objects. After having studied and having carried out the classification of the various policies of placement designed to exploit this type of storage system, we propose a new data placement, the EFLEX (Entrelacement FLEXible - that is "flexible interleaving") that makes it possible to jointly exploit the bandwidth and the storage capacity of the system. .
Secret, Ghislain. "La maintenance des données dans les systèmes de stockage pair à pair." Amiens, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AMIE0111.
Full textPeer to peer systems are designed to share resources on the Internet. The independence of the architecture from a centralized server provides the peer-to-peer networks a very high fault tolerance (no peer is essential to the functioning of the network). This property makes the use of this architecture very suitable for permanent storage of data on a large scale. However, peer to peer systems are characterised by peer’s volatility. Peers connect and disconnect randomly. The challenge is to ensure the continuity of data in a storage media constantly changing. For this, to cope with peer’s volatility, data redundancy schemes coupled with reconstruction mechanism of lost data are introduced. But the reconstructions needed to maintain the continuity of data are not neutral in terms of burden on the system. To investigate factors that impact the higher the data maintenance cost, a model of peer to peer storage system was designed. This model is based on an IDA (Information Dispersal Algorithm) redundancy scheme. Built on this model, a simulator was developed and the system behaviour for the cost of regeneration of the data was analyzed. Two reconstruction strategies are observed. The first mechanism is based on a threshold from the level of data redundancy. It requires constant monitoring of the state data. The second strategy involves a number of reconstructions by a system of quota allocation for a defined period of time. It is less comfortable psychologically because it significantly reduces the control of the data state by abstracting the threshold mechanism. Based on a stochastic analysis of the strategies, keys are provided to define the parameters of the system according to the target level of durability desired
Laga, Arezki. "Optimisation des performance des logiciels de traitement de données sur les périphériques de stockage SSD." Thesis, Brest, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BRES0087/document.
Full textThe growing volume of data poses a real challenge to data processing software like DBMS (DataBase Management Systems) and data storage infrastructure. New technologies have emerged in order to face the data volume challenges. We considered in this thesis the emerging new external memories like flash memory-based storage devices named SSD (Solid State Drive).SSD storage devices offer a performance gain compared to the traditional magnetic devices.However, SSD devices offer a new performance model that involves 10 cost optimization for data processing and management algorithms.We proposed in this thesis an 10 cost model to evaluate the data processing algorithms. This model considers mainly the SSD 10 performance and the data distribution.We also proposed a new external sorting algorithm: MONTRES. This algorithm includes optimizations to reduce the 10 cost when the volume of data is greater than the allocated memory space by an order of magnitude. We proposed finally a data prefetching mechanism: Lynx. This one makes use of a machine learning technique to predict and to anticipate future access to the external memory
Maynard, Marie-Aude. "Stockage d'impulsions lumineuses dans l'hélium métastable à température ambiante." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS445/document.
Full textThe need to synchronise quantum information and communication protocols implies the use of quantum memories. Different physical systems are investigated nowadays, among which ions in crystals, cold atoms and atomic vapours. The most common protocol is based on the Electromagnetically Induced Transparency (EIT) phenomenon: a light pulse is engraved in the Raman coherence of both ground states of an atomic Lambda–type three-level system. Though it opens promising perspectives, with respect to efficiency, fidelity and storage time, this technique is, however, sensitive to dephasing effects such as magnetic field gradients.In this thesis, I first study the storage of classical light pulses via EIT in a room- temperature metastable helium vapor. The obtained experimental results agree with the numerical simulation of the complete Maxwell-Bloch equations of the system. In particular, the existence of an extra phase acquired by the retrieved pulse is demonstrated in the detuned configuration, which can be explained by the propagation of the signal beam in the medium. In the second part, I experimentally isolate, in the same system, a new storage protocol based on the Coherent Population Oscillation (CPO) phenomenon, which is by nature more robust than EIT to dephasing effects. The numerical simulations allow us to precisely analyse the mechanisms involved in a CPO memory and, in particular, the influence of the relative phase between the signal and coupling beams on the storage efficiencies
Taleb, Mohammed Yacine. "Optimizing Distributed In-memory Storage Systems˸ Fault-tolerance, Performance, Energy Efficiency." Thesis, Rennes, École normale supérieure, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ENSR0015/document.
Full textEmerging technologies such as connected devices and social networking applications are shaping the way we live, work, and interact with each other. These technologies generate increasingly high volumes of data. Dealing with large volumes of data has been an important focus in the last decade, however, today the challenge has shifted from data volume to velocity: How to store, process, and extract value from data generated With the growing capacity of DRAM, service providers largely rely on DRAM-based storage systems to serve their workloads. Because DRAM is volatile, usually, distributed in-memory storage systems rely on expensive durability mechanisms to persist data.This creates trade-offs between performance, durability and efficiency in in-memory storage systems We first study these trade-offs by means of experimental study. We extract the main factors that impact performance and efficiency in in-memory storage systems. Then, we design and implement a new RDMA-based replication mechanism that greatly improves replication efficiency in in-memory storage systems. Finally, we leverage our techniques and apply them to stream storage systems. We design and implement high-performance replication mechanisms for stream storage, while guaranteeing linearizability and durability
Dantan, Aurélien. "Génération, stockage et manipulation d'états non classiques pour des ensembles atomiques et des champs électromagnétiques." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011004.
Full textmanipulation d'états non classiques de la lumière et des atomes
grâce à l'interaction entre un nuage d'atomes froids et de champs
optiques en cavité.
Après avoir généré expérimentalement des états comprimés et
intriqués du champ lorsque les atomes se comportent comme un milieu
Kerr, nous étudions théoriquement la possibilité de générer de tels
états dans des systèmes à trois niveaux, ainsi que la réduction des
fluctuations quantiques atomiques sous le bruit quantique standard.
Nous présentons ensuite plusieurs schémas pour transférer et stocker
les fluctuations d'états non classiques du champ au spin collectif
d'un ensemble atomique afin de réaliser une mémoire quantique à
atomes froids.
Comme applications pour l'information quantique nous étudions
l'intrication et la téléportation d'ensemble atomique, la
réalisation de mémoires quantiques de longue durée de vie avec des
spins nucléaires d'3He et l'intrication d'oscillateurs
mécaniques.
Mortreuil, Florian. "Etude des mécanismes d'injection et de stockage de charges électriques dans un film mince diélectrique par microscopie à sonde de Kelvin (KPFM)." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU30176/document.
Full textOne of the intrinsic properties of dielectrics is to accumulate electrical charges when subjected to external stresses (temperature, electrical field ...). This property can be helpful for some applications (DRAM...), but leads generally to failure of the device (micro-system...). Thus, a charge density measurement technics is mandatory for the scale of relevance according to the observed system. However due to miniaturization, the measurement technics classically used are helpless to study tiny systems of a few tens nanometers thick, as their spatial resolution is of the order a few micrometers. A new measurement technics represented by KPFM (Kelvin Probe Microscopy) and based on near field microscopy technology, can measure charges on a material with nanoscale lateral resolution. Our purpose here is to characterize charges injection and decay mechanisms in thin SiOxNy and SiNx film deposited by plasma process, thanks to near field microscopy. To achieve this goal, two approaches have been explored. The first one consists in localized injection of electrical charges at the surface of a thin SiOxNy layer of variable thickness (between 6 nm and 130nm) and to measure surface potential modification induced by injected charges. Surface potential (KPFM) and current (C-AFM) measurements coupled to electric field simulation by finite element (COMSOL(r)) emphasizes that two mechanisms are involved during charges injection: trapping and conduction through the layer. For thinner layers, conduction mechanism is predominant (which limits trapped charges amount); while for thicker films trapping is the main mechanism. For intermediate thickness films both mechanisms are in competition. Once the charges injected, dissipation in volume appears to be the predominant mechanism for any thickness. The second approach is the study of charges injection and transport between two embedded lateral electrodes. This structure allows overcoming the lack of in-depth sensitivity of the KPFM measurement toward the position of charges in the volume, to study injection phenomena at interfaces and transport of charges within the volume under electrical field constraint. The electric field induced between the two polarized electrodes was simulated by finite element using COMSOL and compared to surface potential measured by KFM. Results emphasize technical issues related to charges injection/transport between lateral electrodes. According to this analysis an experimental set up and data post-treatment protocol is developed which permits to characterized charges injection at interface. Besides, feasibility of charges mobility investigation using this type of structure was demonstrated
Marchand, Aude. "Contribution à l'étude de la dynamique de capture et d'émission de porteurs de charges dans les nanocristaux." Thesis, Reims, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013REIMS032/document.
Full textThe objective of this work is to contribute to the production of germanium nanocrystals (NCs) and to highlight some electronic properties of Si(n)/SiO2 structures containing those uncovered NCs on top thanks to the nano-EBIC technique (electron beam induced current collected by a nano-contact). The distinctive feature of this technique based on classic EBIC is the use of an AFM conducting probe instead of the standard electrode. Our study focuses on the capability of a single NC (or a few number of NCs) to trap and to release charge carriers as a result of a non-continuous electronic irradiation. The structure containing NCs can be connected to the ground (ensuring the Fermi levels alignment) or polarized under a low voltage. With this procedure, carriers charging times had been measured and their values depend on the mean diameter of the NCs. Indeed, the charging process takes more time in small NCs due to their weak storage efficiency. Nonetheless, the collected current reaches a higher saturation value in small NCs. Both of these effects (large charging time and high saturation current for small NCs) are explained by the lowering of the energy barrier at the AFM-tip/NCs contact, which results from the widening band-gap of NCs and the increase of the electric field across the oxide and in the Si depletion zone at a given bias voltage for small NCs. At last, this novel procedure allows measuring the electric resistivity of the 5 nanometers thin oxide
Olivier, Pierre. "Estimation de performances et de consommation énergétique de systèmes de stockage à base de mémoire flash dans les systèmes embarqués." Thesis, Lorient, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORIS346/document.
Full textControlling and optimizing embedded system performance and power consumption is critical. In this context, estimation techniques are used when performing measurement campaigns is difficult due to time or financial constraints. This work targets the performance and power consumption evaluation of the secondary storage service in an embedded operating system using NAND flash memory. One way to manage flash memory is to used dedicated Flash File Systems (FFS). One can observe a lack of work in the literature concerning FFS performance and power consumption estimation techniques.The contributions presented in this thesis rely on a three steps performance and power consumption modeling methodology. During the exploration phase, we identify through micro-benchmarking the main elements of a FFS based system impacting performance and power consumption of the embedded system. In the modeling phase, this impact is represented by building models of various types. The main models types are the functional, performance and power consumption models. Models parameters are extracted through measurements on a real platform. During the simulation phase the models are implemented in a simulator. This tool allows obtaining performance and power consumption estimations concerning a flash-based storage system processing a given I/O workload
Knaff, Alain. "Conception et réalisation d'un service de stockage fiable et extensible pour un système réparti à objets persistants." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1996. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00004998.
Full textGradinariu, Iulian Constantin. "Etude de la faisabilité d'un circuit intégré destine au traitement de signaux fournis par les vide capteurs monolithiques à transfert de charges utilisant des filtres couleur en mosaïques." Lyon, INSA, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997ISAL0073.
Full textThe subject of this thesis is the feasibility of an ASIC for CCD CFA video sensor signal processing. The universality of the circuit imposes specific constrains as far as supply voltages, input signal ranges, top frequencies and processing algorithms. New circuits, such as operational amplifiers or TIL buffers, have been developed in order to meet these constrains. New AD and DlA converter and contour corrector architectures have been proposed as well The existence of an universally applicable CFA video sensor related algorithm bas been demonstrated and then implemented. Ali the component circuits are simulated and sometimes measured. The conclusions show the feasibility of the proposed ASIC, and also the broader applications of the new circuits and architectures
Knaff, Alain. "Conception et réalisation d'un service de stockage fiable et extensible pour un système réparti à objets persistants." Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 1996. https://theses.hal.science/tel-00004998.
Full textNeveu, Pascal. "Propagation de lumière dans l'hélium métastable : stockage, amplification, fluctuations et bruit quantique." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLN044/document.
Full textA quantum state of light is characterized by its statistics of number of photons. These statistics can change in the presence of coherent phenomena. This PhD focuses both experimentally and theoretically on the propagation of quantum states within a room temperature vapor of metastable helium. First, we show that ultranarrow coherent population oscillations allow to efficiently store a specific quadrature of a light wave. Nevertheless, this protocol cannot be use to store the two quadratures of a light field. Indeed, the propagation conditions deteriorates its statistical properties, forbidding its use for quantum application. Secondly, we show that it is possible to generate twomode squeezed states of light in that system. High amplification can be achieved (9 dB), exploiting the strong nonlinearities enabled by coherent population trapping of a transition, and because of the energy level structure. Finally, we study atomic spin noise transfer to light polarization noise via Faraday effect. These fluctuations, probed by spin noise spectroscopy, show original behaviors that may be useful in another systems
Leclercq, Ludovic. "Apport du stockage inertiel associé à des éoliennes dans un réseau électrique en vue d'assurer des services systèmes." Lille 1, 2004. https://ori-nuxeo.univ-lille1.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/c9b51000-1e3c-44ac-9333-ca1a8d18965c.
Full textLauro, Romain. "protocoles adiabatiques pour le ralentissement et le stockage de la lumière dans un cristal de Tm:YAG." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00550157.
Full textBOUDALAA, MOHAMED. "Etude des charges electrostatiques apparaissant au cours du transport et du stockage de milieux pulverulents et granulaires. Applications aux silos a grains et a l'industrie agro-alimentaire." Poitiers, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991POIT2287.
Full textLannelongue, Pierre. "Oxydes polycationiques pour supercondensateurs à haute densité d'énergie volumique." Thesis, Montpellier, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MONTS146/document.
Full textSupercapacitors are attractive electrochemical energy storage devices for high power applications. However, volumetric energy density is the main limitation for their integration in such applications as terrestrial transport systems. The use of high density pseudocapacitive oxides as electrode material could lead to a volumetric energy density improvement. With this aim, materials from Ba0,5Sr0,5CoxFe1-xO3-δ family, so called BSCFs, have been studied. Several compositions have been prepared and evaluated as positive electrode materials in aqueous neutral electrolyte. Volumetric capacitances have shown to be greater than those of activated carbons, already used in marketed supercapacitors. They have also shown to depend on cobalt and iron ratio, charge rate, electrolyte composition... The study of the charge storage mechanism in these materials has been investigated thanks to in situ (X-Ray absroption spectroscopy) and operando (X-Ray diffraction) technics performed at SOLEIL (France) and SPring-8 (Japan) synchrotron facilities. Finally, devices coupling BSCF based positive electrode material with activated carbon or FeWO4 based negative electrode materials have demonstrated the added value of such materials to improve the volumetric energy density of supercapacitors
Brice, Goglin. "Réseaux rapides et stockage distribué dans les grappes de calculateurs : propositions pour une interaction efficace." Phd thesis, Ecole normale supérieure de lyon - ENS LYON, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00408722.
Full textBridier, Laurent. "Modélisation et optimisation d'un système de stockage couplé à une production électrique renouvelable intermittente." Thesis, La Réunion, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LARE0038/document.
Full textThis thesis aims at presenting an optimal management and sizing of an Energy Storage System (ESS) paired up with Intermittent Renewable Energy Sources (IReN). Firstly, wedeveloped a technico-economic model of the system which is associated with three typical scenarios of utility grid power supply: hourly smoothing based on a one-day-ahead forecast (S1), guaranteed power supply (S2) and combined scenarios (S3). This model takes the form of a large-scale non-linear optimization program. Secondly, four heuristic strategies are assessed and lead to an optimized management of the power output with storage according to the reliability, productivity, efficiency and profitability criteria. This ESS optimized management is called “Adaptive Storage Operation” (ASO). When compared to a mixed integer linear program (MILP), this optimized operation that is practicable under operational conditions gives rapidly near-optimal results. Finally, we use the ASO in ESS optimal sizing for each renewable energy: wind, wave and solar (PV). We determine the minimal sizing that complies with each scenario, by inferring the failure rate, the viable feed-in tariff of the energy, and the corresponding compliant, lost or missing energies. We also perform sensitivity analysis which highlights the importance of the ESS efficiency and of the forecasting accuracy and the strong influence of the hybridization of renewables on ESS technico-economic sizing
Lefort, Anatole. "A Support for Persistent Memory in Java." Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023IPPAS001.
Full textRecently released non-volatile main memory (NVMM), as fast and durable memory, dramatically increases storage performance over traditional media (SSD, hard disk). A substantial and unique property of NVMM is byte-addressability -- complex memory data structures, maintained with regular load/store instructions,can now resist machine power-cycles, software faults or system crashes. However, correctly managing persistence with the fine grain of memory instructions is laborious, with increased risk of compromising data integrity and recovery at any misstep. Programming abstractions from software libraries and support from language runtime and compilers are necessary to avoid memory bugs that are exacerbated with persistence. In this thesis, we address the challenges of supporting persistent memory in managed language environments by introducing J-NVM, a framework to efficiently access NVMM in Java. With J-NVM, we demonstrate how to design an efficient, simple and complete interface to weave NVMM-devised persistence into object-oriented programming,while remaining unobtrusive to the language runtime itself. In detail, J-NVM offers a fully-fledged interface to persist plain Java objects using failure-atomic sections. This interface relies internally on proxy objects that intermediate direct off-heap access to NVMM. The framework also provides a library of highly-optimized persistent data types that resist reboots and power failures. We evaluate J-NVM by implementing a persistent backend for Infinispan, an industrial-grade data store. Our experimental results, obtained with a TPC-B like benchmark and YCSB, show that J-NVM is consistently faster than other approaches at accessing NVMM in Java
Bonarota, Matthieu. "Optimisation de la programmation d'un cristal dopé aux ions de terres rares, opérant comme processeur analogique d'analyse spectrale RF, ou de stockage d'information quantique." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00766334.
Full textIslam, Rakibul. "Electrical and thermal transport properties of polymer/carbonaceous nanostructured composites." Thesis, Lille 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIL10131/document.
Full textConducting polymer nanocomposites exhibit for instance interesting thermoelectric properties which make them a promising, inexpensive, clean and efficient solution for heat waste harvesting. This thesis reports on properties of polyaniline (PANI) nanostructured composites as a function of various carbonaceous nano-fillers content such as carbon nanotubes (1-D), and 2-D reduced graphene oxide (RGO). SEM, TEM, X-ray diffraction, and Raman spectroscopy have been employed to investigate their structure and morphology. Electrical and thermal conductivity, Seebeck coefficient, and thermoelectric figure of merit (ZT) have been systematically performed. An important increase of electrical conductivity has been observed with increasing filler fraction whereas thermal conductivity only slightly increases, which enhances ZT of several orders of magnitude. Fillers dimension effect is evidenced, but, whatever this dimension, it is shown that, in contrast with thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity follows a percolation behavior through 2D conduction process. This behavior is also observed in the case of the volumetric heat capacity of PANI/RGO nanohybrids which make them potential candidates as high heat capacitive materials. For the first time their heat storage factor is assessed with a new analytical model proposed in this study. The PANI/RGO samples have also been investigated by Dielectric Spectroscopy at different temperatures. Results evidence an interesting charge trapping phenomenon occurring at the PANI/RGO interface which might find promising applications in supercapacitors or gate memory devices
Ezzadeen, Mona. "Conception d'un circuit dédié au calcul dans la mémoire à base de technologie 3D innovante." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2022. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/221212_EZZADEEN_955e754k888gvxorp699jljcho_TH.pdf.
Full textWith the advent of edge devices and artificial intelligence, the data deluge is a reality, making energy-efficient computing systems a must-have. Unfortunately, classical von Neumann architectures suffer from the high cost of data transfers between memories and processing units. At the same time, CMOS scaling seems more and more challenging and costly to afford, limiting the chips' performance due to power consumption issues.In this context, bringing the computation directly inside or near memories (I/NMC) seems an appealing solution. However, data-centric applications require an important amount of non-volatile storage, and modern Flash memories suffer from scaling issues and are not very suited for I/NMC. On the other hand, emerging memory technologies such as ReRAM present very appealing memory performances, good scalability, and interesting I/NMC features. However, they suffer from variability issues and from a degraded density integration if an access transistor per bitcell (1T1R) is used to limit the sneak-path currents. This thesis work aims to overcome these two challenges. First, the variability impact on read and I/NMC operations is assessed and new robust and low-overhead ReRAM-based boolean operations are proposed. In the context of neural networks, new ReRAM-based neuromorphic accelerators are developed and characterized, with an emphasis on good robustness against variability, good parallelism, and high energy efficiency. Second, to resolve the density integration issues, an ultra-dense 3D 1T1R ReRAM-based Cube and its architecture are proposed, which can be used as a 3D NOR memory as well as a low overhead and energy-efficient I/NMC accelerator
Bonarota, Matthieu. "Optimisation de la programmation d’un cristal dopé aux ions de terres rares, opérant comme processeur analogique d’analyse spectrale RF, ou de stockage d’information quantique." Thesis, Paris 11, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA112324/document.
Full textThe development of a quantum memory for light involves the most fundamental aspects of the light-matter interaction. To store the quantum information carried by light, the material has to be able to stay in a state of quantum superposition. The storage time is limited by the lifetime of this state, characterized by the coherence time. The first experiments involved the well-known cold atomic vapors. More recently, Rare Earth Ions doped Crystals (REIC) have drawn attention because of their remarkably long coherence time, combined with a large interaction bandwidth. Specific protocols have been proposed to take the most out of these properties. We have opted for a promising spin-off of the well-known photon echo, named the Atomic Frequency Comb (AFC, proposed in 2008), based on the transmission of the incoming field through a spectrally periodic absorption profile. The first chapters of this manuscript present this protocol and our works aimed at improving its efficiency (the probability for capturing and retrieving the incoming information), increasing its bandwidth and its multiplexing capacity and measuring its noise. The following chapters present a new protocol, proposed in our group during this thesis, and called Revival Of Silenced Echo (ROSE). This protocol, similar to the photon echo, have been demonstrated and characterized experimentally. It seems really promising in terms of efficiency, bandwidth and noise
Ouarnoughi, Hamza. "Placement autonomique de machines virtuelles sur un système de stockage hybride dans un cloud IaaS." Thesis, Brest, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BRES0055/document.
Full textIaaS cloud providers offer virtualized resources (CPU, storage, and network) as Virtual Machines(VM). The growth and highly competitive nature of this economy has compelled them to optimize the use of their data centers, in order to offer attractive services at a lower cost. In addition to investments related to infrastructure purchase and cost of use, energy efficiency is a major point of expenditure (2% of world consumption) and is constantly increasing. Its control represents a vital opportunity. From a technical point of view, the control of energy consumption is mainly based on consolidation approaches. These approaches, which exclusively take into account the CPU use of physical machines (PM) for the VM placement, present however many drawbacks. Indeed, recent studies have shown that storage systems and disk I/O represent a significant part of the data center energy consumption (between 14% and 40%).In this thesis we propose a new autonomic model for VM placement optimization based on MAPEK (Monitor, Analyze, Plan, Execute, Knowledge) whereby in addition to CPU, VM I/O and related storage systems are considered. Our first contribution proposes a multilevel VM I/O tracer which overcomes the limitations of existing I/O monitoring tools. In the Analyze step, the collected I/O traces are introduced in a cost model which takes into account the VM I/O profile, the storage system characteristics, and the cloud environment constraints. We also analyze the complementarity between the two main storage classes, resulting in a hybrid storage model exploiting the advantages of each. Indeed, Hard Disk Drives (HDD) represent energy-intensive and inefficient devices compared to compute units. However, their low cost per gigabyte and their long lifetime may constitute positive arguments. Unlike HDD, flash-based Solid-State Disks (SSD) are more efficient and consume less power, but their high cost per gigabyte and their short lifetime (compared to HDD) represent major constraints. The Plan phase has initially resulted in an extension of CloudSim to take into account VM I/O, the hybrid nature of the storage system, as well as the implementation of the previously proposed cost model. Secondly, we proposed several heuristics based on our cost model, integrated and evaluated using CloudSim. Finally, we showed that our contribution improves existing approaches of VM placement optimization by a factor of three
Carver, Damien. "Advanced consolidation for dynamic containers." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUS513.
Full textThe virtualization of computing resources has given rise to cloud computing. More recently, container-based lightweight virtualization has become increasingly popular. Containers offer performance isolation comparable to that of virtual machines, but promise better resource consolidation due to their flexibility. In this thesis we highlight performance isolation losses assumed to be guaranteed to an active container. These losses occur during consolidation, i.e. when the unused memory of an inactive container is transferred to a new container that starts. However, in a non-virtualized environment, this memory consolidation scenario does not result in a drop in performance among the most active processes. We therefore propose, as a first step, to measure the memory activity of containers using state-of-the-art metrics. Then, to ensure the isolation of the most active containers during memory consolidations, we modify the behavior of the Linux kernel in order to reclaim the memory of the containers defined as being the most inactive by the metric. In a second step, we propose another method for estimating the memory activity of containers based on a global clock of memory events. This method is more reactive than the previous one because it seeks to protect containers with the most recent memory activity
Gougeaud, Sebastien. "Simulation générique et contribution à l'optimisation de la robustesse des systèmes de données à large échelle." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLV011/document.
Full textCapacity of data storage systems does not cease to increase to currently reach the exabyte scale. This observation gets a real impact on storage system robustness. In fact, the more the number of disks in a system is, the greater the probability of a failure happening is. Also, the time used for a disk reconstruction is proportional to its size. Simulation is an appropriate technique to test new mechanisms in almost real conditions and predict their behavior. We propose a new software we callOpen and Generic data Storage system Simulation tool (OGSSim). It handles the heterogeneity andthe large size of these modern systems. Its modularity permits the undertaking of each storage technology, placement scheme or computation model as bricks which can be added and combined to optimally configure the simulation.Robustness is a critical issue for these systems. We use the declustered RAID to distribute the data reconstruction in case of a failure. We propose the Symmetric Difference of Source Sets (SD2S) algorithmwhich uses data block shifhting to achieve the placement scheme. The shifting offset comes from the computation of the distance between logical source sets of physical disk blocks. To evaluate the SD2S efficiency, we compared it to Crush method without replicas. It results in a faster placement scheme creation in normal and failure modes with SD2S and in a significant reduced memory space cost (null without failure). Furthermore, SD2S ensures the partial, if not total, reconstruction of data in case of multiple failures
BERNARDINI, Sandrine. "Modélisation des structures Métal-Oxyde-Semiconducteur (MOS) : Applications aux dispositifs mémoires." Phd thesis, Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille I, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00007764.
Full textDeloge, Matthieu. "Analysis of ultrathin gate-oxide breakdown mechanisms and applications to antifuse memories fabricated in advanced CMOS processes." Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ISAL0097/document.
Full textNon-volatile one-time programmable memories are gaining an ever growing interest in embedded electronics. Chip ID, chip configuration or system repairing are among the numerous applications addressed by this type of semiconductor memories. In addition, the antifuse technology enables the storage of secured information with respect to cryptography or else. The thesis focuses on the understanding of ultrathin gate-oxide breakdown physics that is involved in the programming of antifuse bitcells. The integration of advanced programming and detection schemes is also tackled in this thesis. The breakdown mechanisms in the dielectric material SiO2 and high-K under a high electric field were studied. Dedicated experimental setups were needed in order to perform the characterization of antifuse bitcells under the conditions define in memory product. Typical time-to-breakdown values shorter than a micro second were identified. The latter measurements allowed the statistical study of dielectric breakdown and the modeling in a high voltage range, i.e. beyond the conventional range studied in reliability. The model presented in this PhD thesis enables the optimization of the antifuse bitcell sizes according to a targeted mean time-to- breakdown value. A particular mechanism leading to a high bulk current overshoot occuring during the programming operation was highlighted. The study of this phenomenon was achieved using electrical characterizations and simulations. The triggering of a parasitic P-N-P bipolar transistor localized in the antifuse bitcell appeared as a relevant hypothesis. The analysis of the impact of the programming conditions on the resulting read current measured under a low voltage was performed using analog test structures. The amplitude of the programming current was controlled in an augmented antifuse bitcell. The programming time is controlled by a programming detection system and a delay. Finally, these solutions are to be validated using a 1-kb demonstrator yet designed and fabricated in a logic 32-nm CMOS process
Ton, That Dai Hai. "Gestion efficace et partage sécurisé des traces de mobilité." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLV003/document.
Full textNowadays, the advances in the development of mobile devices, as well as embedded sensors have permitted an unprecedented number of services to the user. At the same time, most mobile devices generate, store and communicate a large amount of personal information continuously. While managing personal information on the mobile devices is still a big challenge, sharing and accessing these information in a safe and secure way is always an open and hot topic. Personal mobile devices may have various form factors such as mobile phones, smart devices, stick computers, secure tokens or etc. It could be used to record, sense, store data of user's context or environment surrounding him. The most common contextual information is user's location. Personal data generated and stored on these devices is valuable for many applications or services to user, but it is sensitive and needs to be protected in order to ensure the individual privacy. In particular, most mobile applications have access to accurate and real-time location information, raising serious privacy concerns for their users.In this dissertation, we dedicate the two parts to manage the location traces, i.e. the spatio-temporal data on mobile devices. In particular, we offer an extension of spatio-temporal data types and operators for embedded environments. These data types reconcile the features of spatio-temporal data with the embedded requirements by offering an optimal data presentation called Spatio-temporal object (STOB) dedicated for embedded devices. More importantly, in order to optimize the query processing, we also propose an efficient indexing technique for spatio-temporal data called TRIFL designed for flash storage. TRIFL stands for TRajectory Index for Flash memory. It exploits unique properties of trajectory insertion, and optimizes the data structure for the behavior of flash and the buffer cache. These ideas allow TRIFL to archive much better performance in both Flash and magnetic storage compared to its competitors.Additionally, we also investigate the protect user's sensitive information in the remaining part of this thesis by offering a privacy-aware protocol for participatory sensing applications called PAMPAS. PAMPAS relies on secure hardware solutions and proposes a user-centric privacy-aware protocol that fully protects personal data while taking advantage of distributed computing. For this to be done, we also propose a partitioning algorithm an aggregate algorithm in PAMPAS. This combination drastically reduces the overall costs making it possible to run the protocol in near real-time at a large scale of participants, without any personal information leakage
Abi, Sejaan Georgina. "Energy harvesting and storage in multi-stable micro-actuator systems." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Compiègne, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022COMP2698.
Full textThe principle of energy harvesting is applied in this thesis to a wireless bistable micro-actuator system, developed in the Roberval laboratory. The bistable micro-actuator is made up of an antagonistic pre-shaped double beams, two shape memory alloy (SMA) elements and a laser source. The laser beam is used as a contactless energy transfer source to actuate the SMA elements. At their turn, SMA elements are the transitional components to activate the bistable beams among its two stable positions. From this context, the aim of this thesis is to harvest different types of unused available energies in this system. To start with, optical energy is harvested using the photovoltaic effect transforming optical energy into electrical energy. Moreover, due to the environment heating, the difference in temperature is harvested using thermoelectric effect transforming this difference in temperature into a voltage difference. The overall objective is to create two different playgrounds of energy harvesting in the system. The first one relies on harvesting only the optical energy. This design will be used when the micro-actuator requires an additional electrical energy without requiring high speed of actuation. However, when the speed represents a priority comparing to the electrical energy in demand, the micro-actuator switches to operate in the second playground where optical and thermal energies are harvested while the speed of actuation of the micro-actuator is higher than the first design
Nguyen, Huu tan. "Thermal Characterization of In-Sb-Te thin films for Phase Change Memory Application." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BORD0112/document.
Full textPhase change memories (PCM) are typically based on compounds of the Ge-Sb-Te (GST) ternary system. Nevertheless, a major drawback of PCM devices is the failure to fulfill automotive-level or military-grade requirements (125°C continuous operation), due to the low crystallization temperature of GST. To overcome this limitation, alloys belonging to the In-Sb-Te (IST) system have been proposed, which have demonstrated high crystallization temperature, and fast switching. Thermal properties of the chalcogenide alloy and of its interfaces within the PCM cell can influence the programming current, reliability and optimized scaling of PCM devices. The two methods, namely: 3ω and Modulated Photothermal Radiometry (MPTR) technique was implemented to measure the thermal conductivity of IST thin films as well as the thermal boundary resistance at the interface with other surrounding materials (a metal and a dielectric). The experiment was carried outin situ from room temperature up to 550oC in order to investigate the intrinsic thermal properties at different temperatures and the significant structural rearrangement upon the phase transition.The results obtained from the two thermal characterization techniques demonstrate that the thermal conductivity of IST decreases when increasing the Te content. Increasing the Te content could thus lead to a more thermally resistive alloy, which is expected to bring the advantage of a more confined heat flow and limiting the thermal cross-talk in the phase change memory device
Ngueya, Wandji Steve. "Conception de circuits mémoires flash pour plateforme ultra faible consommation." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0586.
Full textThe market of secure connected devices is booming and requires low power development platforms for contactless applications in reduced form factors. The reduction in the form factor impacts the antenna size and thus leads to a decrease of the energy available in the chip, which should reduce drastically its consumption while keeping performances. One of the main contributors to the chip consumption is the embedded non-volatile memory (eNVM) used for storage and code execution. Therefore, for a given technology, it is necessary to design peripheral blocks of the memory array under strong consumption constraints. The aim of the thesis is to select a very low-power embedded nonvolatile memory technology compatible with the classical CMOS process, to identify the critical blocks during the operations of the memory, and finally to propose solutions to minimize the power consumption of each critical block.In order to do this, a study of all the embedded non-volatile memories available on the market is carried out. It emerges that the Flash technology, in particular the SuperFlash® ESF3 based NOR Flash technology, is best suited for remote-powered systems. The study of the NOR Flash macrocell shows that during write and erase operations, the system consumption is mainly related to the high voltage generation by charge pumps. However, during a read operation, overall performances of the system is determined by the sense amplifier. A design work for each individual block is then implemented to reduce consumption
Ngueya, Wandji Steve. "Conception de circuits mémoires flash pour plateforme ultra faible consommation." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0586.
Full textThe market of secure connected devices is booming and requires low power development platforms for contactless applications in reduced form factors. The reduction in the form factor impacts the antenna size and thus leads to a decrease of the energy available in the chip, which should reduce drastically its consumption while keeping performances. One of the main contributors to the chip consumption is the embedded non-volatile memory (eNVM) used for storage and code execution. Therefore, for a given technology, it is necessary to design peripheral blocks of the memory array under strong consumption constraints. The aim of the thesis is to select a very low-power embedded nonvolatile memory technology compatible with the classical CMOS process, to identify the critical blocks during the operations of the memory, and finally to propose solutions to minimize the power consumption of each critical block.In order to do this, a study of all the embedded non-volatile memories available on the market is carried out. It emerges that the Flash technology, in particular the SuperFlash® ESF3 based NOR Flash technology, is best suited for remote-powered systems. The study of the NOR Flash macrocell shows that during write and erase operations, the system consumption is mainly related to the high voltage generation by charge pumps. However, during a read operation, overall performances of the system is determined by the sense amplifier. A design work for each individual block is then implemented to reduce consumption
Gilbert, Frédéric. "Méthodes et modèles pour la visualisation de grandes masses de données multidimensionnelles nominatives dynamiques." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR14498/document.
Full textSince ten years, informations visualization domain knows a real interest.Recently, with the growing of communications, the research on social networks analysis becomes strongly active. In this thesis, we present results on dynamic social networks analysis. That means that we take into account the temporal aspect of data. We were particularly interested in communities extraction within networks and their evolutions through time. [...]