Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Memetics'
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Kaya, Utku. "An Extended Functionalist Approach To Memetics." Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12611482/index.pdf.
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Memetics is a Darwinian approach to evolution of culture proposed in late 1970s. This thesis proposes an approach to Memetics, which is an effort to overcome some of the problems involved. It is argued in this thesis that units of cultural evolution are functional abstraction of physical reality and are realized within the boundaries of our cognitive processes. The boundaries of human cognitive processes are defined by Clark and Chalmers (1998) in their extended cognition hypothesis according to which, human cognition is understood as a part of the cultural environment. Therefore human cognition and cultural environment can best be understood by studying them together.
As for identifying these units, an extended functionalist approach has been proposed and an empirical cultural transmission study has been conducted and explored in the thesis.
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Aytaç, Aysun Özcan A. Can. "Memes And Memetics In Industrial Product Design/." [s.l.]: [s.n.], 2005. http://library.iyte.edu.tr/tezler/master/endustriurunleritasarimi/T000371.pdf.
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Rousso, Alex. "A critical analysis of the application of memes to the social sciences." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.273564.
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Elton, Candida. "Incommensurability : contemporary considerations: historical concerns." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.364456.
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Gill, Jameson. "Evaluating memetics : a case of competing perspectives at an SME." Thesis, Sheffield Hallam University, 2013. http://shura.shu.ac.uk/19687/.
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Memetics, which posits a cultural replicator similar to the gene in biology, has been proposed as a theory with which to study cultural phenomena such as organisations. However, much of the theory of memetics has been developed without empirical testing. Consequently, its application to organisations and its operationalisation in empirical studies tends to make assumptions about the nature of putative memes. The purpose of this project is to design a study to test the fundamental tenets of meme theory in an organisational setting. To do so the study poses research questions relating to the possibility of identifying units of culture and investigates whether such units can be seen to replicate. The questions posed require the development of an 'extra-memetic' method which avoids the pitfalls of previous studies by rejecting the operationalisation of memes as part of its design. By considering complexity theory a narrative approach, grounded in a realist philosophy, is selected as the basis of an extra-memetic method. To accommodate the various technical terms used in the literature a glossary is included. Subsequently, an analysis based on first, structural narrative units and second, narrative evaluation is developed in the context of a case study organisation. The narrative approach enables the generic use of the underlying rationale of the genetic theory which underpins the proposal of the meme but without resorting to genetic analogy. In particular, the concept of the optimon is adopted. By comparing competing perspectives at the case study organisation, the study finds that it is possible to identify 'optimon' units of culture similar to the optimon genes which are described in Mendelian heredity. However, the notion of replication in culture, similar to that of DNA, is not supported. The original contribution to knowledge is constituted by a critical evaluation of the extant memetic theory, an approach to identifying units of culture which might aid the application of genetic metaphor or discourse theory and a new methodological approach to investigating the meme. In particular, one unit of culture, the 'proof, is identified and through the use of a punnett square model its credibility as a replicator is critically evaluated. The limitations of a single case study are recognised and summarised. However, in addition to the contribution to meme theory, the project points towards possible avenues for further research which are related to critical realism, discourse analysis and action research in organisations.
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Chan, Tak-Shing Thomas. "A cognitive information theory of music : a computational memetics approach." Thesis, Goldsmiths College (University of London), 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.479386.
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Jesiek, Brent K. "Betwixt the Popular and Academic: The Histories and Origins of Memetics." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/42774.
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In this thesis I develop a contemporary history of memetics, or the field dedicated to the study of memes. Those working in the realm of meme theory have been generally concerned with developing either evolutionary or epidemiological approaches to the study of human culture, with memes viewed as discrete units of cultural transmission. At the center of my account is the argument that memetics has been characterized by an atypical pattern of growth, with the meme concept only moving toward greater academic legitimacy after significant development and diffusion in the popular realm. As revealed by my analysis, the history of memetics upends conventional understandings of discipline formation and the popularization of scientific ideas, making it a novel and informative case study in the realm of science and technology studies. Furthermore, this project underscores how the development of fields and disciplines is thoroughly intertwined with a larger social, cultural, and historical milieu.Master of Science
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Cartwright-Jones, Catherine Jane. "The Geographies of the Black Henna Meme Organism and the Epidemic of Para-phenylenediamine Sensitization: A Qualitative History." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1427633329.
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Stone, Derrick Jason. ""I am not my parts. I am one system" : Charles Olson's memetic methodology /." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ34232.pdf.
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Hales, David. "Tag based co-operation in artificial societies." Thesis, University of Essex, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.340588.
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Park, Junguk. "Development of neutral phosphotyrosine memetics as a protein tyrosine phosphatase inhibitor and studies on its inhibition mechanism." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1133278132.
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Fourie, Morne. "Mêmes in amaNdzundza architecture." Thesis, McGill University, 1999. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=30129.
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The amaNdzundza are a South African abaNtu people. This thesis sets forth to determine the role of their world (in the Heideggerian sense) as it impacts on their Architecture. First the evolutionary process of the amaNdzundza architecture is established. An infinite series of memes (much like genes) that function both on an intra- and inter-cultural level govern this process. Next, the cultural interaction of the amaNdzundza over a period of half a millenium are mapped (and a space-time matrix drawn up: ch.3), as to find the sources of introduction on an intercultural level. Finally, the architecture of the amaNdzundza milieu, both of their settlements and of the cultures with which they shared their environment, is analyzed and a sample of memes identified, which best illustrate the meme-exchange and evolution. This is done in a structure comprising the analysis of selected religious spatial incentives, and some aspects and elements of the settlement, the dwelling and the mural. A summary is given of the memes involved in the amaNdzundza architecture, and their evolutionary dynamics and origins. The researcher thus concludes that, rather than a singular factor such as the patronage of apartheid, the cultural 'memes' in the amaNdebele ya amaNdzundza milieu played the predominant role in the shaping of their existential, spatial and structural dwelling, through a process of 'loci meme' evolution.
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Boyd, Judith K. "Introducing the future now using memetics and popular culture to identify the post 9/11 homeland security Zeitgeist /." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2008. http://bosun.nps.edu/uhtbin/hyperion-image.exe/08Mar%5FBoyd.pdf.
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Thesis (M.A. in Security Studies (Homeland Security and Defense))--Naval Postgraduate School, March 2008.Thesis Advisor(s): Wollman, Lauren. "March 2008." Description based on title screen as viewed on June 5, 2008. Includes bibliographical references (p.145-166). Also available in print.
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Brucelle, Morgane. "Fan culture : résistance et mémétique sur les médias sociaux." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MON30021/document.
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Ce travail doctoral consiste en une observation mémique des phénomènes de résistance caractéristiques des pratiques de fans sur les médias sociaux. L'objectif est double : d'une part, resituer les fans et les producteurs de sens officiels dans la fonction qu'ils tiennent respectivement au sein de la structure de la production culturelle de manière à en exposer les rapports de force. Pour ce faire, nous ciblerons notre analyse sur un type de fans spécifique, ceux réunis autour de thématiques queer visibles ou non dans les séries télévisées américaines et qui utilisent la technologie numérique dans leurs démarches de réécriture et de contestation de l'état actuel de la représentation télévisuelle des diverses identités et expériences sociales.Un recours à la théorie mémique nous permettra, d'autre part, d'envisager les acteurs impliqués dans les dynamiques qui s'opèrent au sein de la structure de production et de réception des contenus culturels, non plus selon la fonction qu'ils occupent, mais en s'intéressant à la formation de ces fonctions en amont au gré d'idées qui voyagent et d'informations qui s'encodent. La mémétique en tant que théorie évolutionniste darwinienne représentera un outil nécessaire à la compréhension de la formation des groupes et des dynamiques qui régissent leurs interactions, et rendra ainsi possible une conception des groupes « fans » et « producteurs » en tant que super-organismes, soit en tant que complexes sociaux formés d'individus mus par un mème commun. Nous nous emploierons donc, à travers l'analyse de la transmission des récits LGBTQ sur le paradigme des séries TV américaines, à conceptualiser la résistance en tant que phénomène mémique résultant de l'ascendance d'un super-organisme sur un autreThis dissertation aims at looking at the phenomena of fan resistance on social media through the memetic perspective. The objective is twofold: on one hand, to determine the function held by fans and official meaning-makers in the overall structure of cultural production as to reveal their power dynamics. For that purpose, we shall focus on a specific type of fans, namely television fans who connect around queer matters – whether those matters are broached in American TV contents or not – and who make digital technology part of their rewriting practices as well as their protests against the lack of diversity and authentic representation in current US television shows.On the other hand, adopting the meme's eye view will allow us to contemplate these power dynamics between fans and producers by questioning the mecanisms at play in the formation of each of their functions in the production/reception structure. Memetics understood as a Darwinian theory of cultural evolution shall prove to be an efficient tool for interpreting the creation of groups and group interactions, and thus allow us to conceptualize "fans" and "producers" as superorganisms, social complexes of individuals driven by a common meme. We will, through an analysis of the ways in which LGBTQ television narratives are transmitted, problematize fan resistance to cultural contents as a memetic instance: a battle between superorganisms
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Shiflet, Matthew. "Viral Marketing: Concept Explication and Case Studies in the Video Game and Esports Industries." Ohio University Honors Tutorial College / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ouhonors1555957153106043.
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Sparkes-Vian, Cassian. "The evolution of propaganda : investigating online electioneering in the UK General Election of 2010." Thesis, De Montfort University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2086/10752.
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This research project is an analysis of the use of digital propaganda by the three major parties in the UK 2010 General Election. In addition to this empirical aim, the study also employs the discipline of memetics to generate a theoretical and methodological approach with which to study digital propaganda. Memetics is an evolutionary theory of culture based around the concept of the ‘meme’ or cultural replicator. This study contends that propaganda can be understood as an evolutionary phenomenon, with the ethical implications of its use specifically addressed in each instance, rather than assumed as part of its definition. The memetic ‘methodological toolkit’ which is used to analyse the data on the 2010 election is a means by which key concepts from within the literature on memetics can be practically deployed. As part of the study this ‘toolkit’ is presented and the testing of it is continually evaluated in order to improve upon the initial design, something which also has implications for the use of memetic concepts within thematic textual analysis. The election itself was not an ‘Internet election’ in the way that the 2008 Presidential Election in the USA might be characterised. Such an election can be identified by a convergence of factors from within the party campaign structures and the wider political environment on a specific subject or individual – commonly a candidate for office – resulting in a high degree of spontaneous online participation and organisation amongst citizen supporters. This study argues that the UK 2010 election did not produce such a convergence due to low levels of voter enthusiasm, uneven social and financial resources and an inability by the major parties to capitalise on the potential opportunities for digital campaigning which arose.
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Caleiro, Diego. "Simulando Dennett: ferramentas e construções de um naturalista." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8133/tde-17102014-145500/.
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A dissertação pretende permitir ao leitor simular a forma de pensar de Daniel Dennett, e perpassa toda sua filosofia, com ênfase em seu tratamento de o que são padrões, o algoritmo evolutivo, intuition pumps, consciência, e seu uso dos conceitos de illata, abstracta, semântica e sintaxe para compreender a natureza, a biologia e a mente humana. O trabalho reapresenta, sob nova luz, grande parte das ideias mais importantes de Dennett, e procura fazer a engenharia reversa de o que o levou a pensar de determinadas maneiras, guiando o leitor através de caminhos similares, procurando fomentar um aprendizado ativo de uma forma de pensar, acima e além de uma exposição dos resultados obtidos ao longo de décadas desse pensamento no próprio DennettThis dissertation intends to provide the reader with an inner simulation of Daniel Dennetts form of reasoning, spreading over his whole philosophy, emphasizing his treatment of patterns, the evolutionary algorithm, consciousness, and his use of illata, abstracta, semantic, and synthax, to carve nature at its joints, especially biology and the human mind. It recasts, in a new light, great part of his most important ideas, and reverse engineers what made him think in particular ways, walking the reader through similar pathways, fostering an active learning of a thinking style, above and beyond a mere exposition of the results obtained by this thinking style over the years
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Bonfim, Tatiane Regina. "Escalonamento memetico e neuro-memetico de tarefas." [s.n.], 2006. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/260503.
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Orientador: Akebo YamakamiTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Eletrica e de Computação
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Resumo: Este trabalho apresenta uma nova abordagem de resolução, por algoritmo memético e pela coevolução de algoritmo memético com redes neurais, para o problema de escalonamento de tarefas em máquinas paralelas idênticas e para o problema de job shop com parâmetros precisos. Para os problemas de escalonamento com parâmetros com incertezas, onde os parâmetros não são precisamente conhecidos, toma-se dificil classificar um determinado escalonamento ótimo. A noção de ótimo também torna-se imprecisa e o grau de otimalidade de um dado escalonamento ("o quanto um escalonamento é ótimo") pode ser caracterizada por um número fuzzy. Foi aplicado também o conceito de otimalidade possível para medir a possibilidade de um determinado escalonamento ser ótimo. O algoritmo memético foi aplicado para encontrar soluções para o problema, a rede neural foi aplicada para encontrar a função de fitness das soluções encontradas pelo algoritmo memético, e o conceito de possibilidade foi aplicado para avaliar as melhores soluções. Foram utilizadas as redes neurais backpropagation e com aprendizado por reforço para encontrar o valor da função de fitness. As simulações mostraram que as redes neurais apresentaram uma boa performance na coevolução com o algoritmo memético e na resolução dos problemas, e mostraram que o conceito de possibilidade teve uma boa perfomance na avaliação da otimalidade das soluções
Abstract: This work presents a new approach for the resolution of the problem of identical parallel machine scheduling and job shop scheduling with precise parameters, with memetic algorithm and memetic algorithm coevolving with neural networks. For problems with parameters with uncertainties, where the parameters of the problem are not precisely known, it is difficult to say in prior which schedule will be optimal. The notion of optimal also becomes imprecise and the degree of optimality of a given schedule ("how much a schedule is optimal") can be characterized by a fuzzy number. We was used also the concepts of possibility to measure the possibility of a given schedule be optimal. Memetic algorithm has been used to find the solutions of the problem, the neural network has been used to find the fitness function of these solutions, and the concept of possibility has been used to evaluate the best solutions. We was used neural networks with backpropagation and reinforcement learning to find the fitness function. Simulations showed that the neural networks presents a good performance in the coevolution of the memetic algorithm and in the resolution of the problems, and showed that the concept of possibility present a good performance in the evaluation of solutions optimality
Doutorado
Telecomunicações e Telemática
Doutor em Engenharia Elétrica
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Gondim, Gilson Marques. "Memética e Heresias no Mormonismo : uma viagem pelos memes da Grande Heresia Contemporânea , tais como expressos em seu catecismo." Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2009. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/4256.
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Previous issue date: 2009-09-25Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
Memetics and Heresies in Mormonism: an overview of the memes of the Great Contemporary Heresy , such as expressed in its catechism does a memetic analysis of the doctrine exposed in the Mormon catechism, Gospel Principles, including in this analysis the very front cover of the catechism and some internal illustrations. Memetic analysis consists in extracting from texts and images the memes behind the discourse; in this case, the Mormon discourse. The memetic analysis is preceded by the definition and discussion of the concept of meme, with special attention to the distinction between the concepts of meme and idea, the latter being defined not according to dictionaries, common sense or traditional theories, but according to the theory of memes itself. Distinction is also made between the concepts of viral meme (or mind virus) and non-viral meme. After the memetic analysis, the results are used in order to analyze the conflictional relationship and the rivalry between Mormons and Protestants and to explain the strong growth of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in many parts of the world.
Memética e heresias no mormonismo: Uma viagem pelos memes da Grande Heresia Contemporânea , tais como expressos em seu catecismo faz uma análise memética da doutrina exposta no catecismo mórmon, Gospel Principles ( Princípios do Evangelho ), incluindo, nesta análise, a própria capa do catecismo e algumas das ilustrações internas. A análise memética consiste em extrair de texto e imagens os memes que há por trás do discurso, no caso o discurso mórmon. A análise memética é precedida da definição e discussão do conceito de meme, com atenção especial para a distinção entre os conceitos de meme e idéia, sendo o conceito de idéia definido não segundo os dicionários, o senso comum ou as teorias tradicionais, mas conforme a própria teoria dos memes. É feita também uma distinção entre os conceitos de meme viral (ou vírus da mente) e meme não-viral. Após a análise memética, seus resultados são usados para analisar a relação conflituosa e a rivalidade entre mórmons e evangélicos e para explicar o forte crescimento da Igreja de Jesus Cristo dos Santos dos Últimos Dias em várias partes do mundo.
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Soares, Antonio Jose Espadinha Vieira. "Cultural evolution : making the case for the study of culture from an evolutionary perspective within the theoretical framework of neo-Darwinism and Meme Theory." Thesis, University of Macau, 2008. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b1874120.
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Franco, Clarissa de. "O ateísmo de Richard Dawkins nas fronteiras da ciência evolucionista e do senso comum." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2014. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/1925.
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Previous issue date: 2014-06-09Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo
The object of study is the main Richard Dawkins ideas of atheism and this reception on the brasilian atheists. Dawkins is one of the leading publishers and militant atheist movement today, and despite his public facet - released worldwide on websites and in books of recognized success - there are debates of the author , pertaining to academic spaces and restricted to scientists, who do not always have congruent to its exhibitions and public defenders . Internally the walls of science, Richard Dawkins can not find full verification and corroboration of some central points of his theory that seem to support its public arguments of atheism, such as the theory and the concept of memetic and selection gene, ideas presented to the lay public one of his most famous books, The Selfish Gene (2001a [1976]) and maintained publicly with the status of consolidated science. We assume that the figures of scientist and militant atheist from Dawkins mingle in front of the public imagination, which tends to lead his followers to understand atheism as a more legitimate and true way that religious, being interpreted that as a way to free choice and the latter undergoes a indoctrination. We believe, however, that atheism can be understood as subject to natural cognitive mechanisms, as religion. We take into account the political scene today is favorable to atheists, since we observed a phenomenon we call "moral atheists revenge", a reversal of official protection and legitimacy of the state, which has long been welcoming and protecting the speech religious and today happened to be synchronized with atheistics claims, being religious in an outdated and uncomfortable place in the democratic debate. These hypotheses was investigated by means of confrontation between the scientific and public speeches of Richard Dawkins and through a mixed questionnaire (with open and closed questions ) that investigated 1022 atheists, noting whether and to what extent atheism sample follows trends thinking of Richard Dawkins. We observed patterns of response, three groups: Super Atheists, Moderates Atheists and Discrete Atheists. Approximately 30% of the sample declare themselves as followers of the author, and all, nearly 80% have knowledge about any point of the theory of Dawkins
O objeto de estudo consiste nas principais ideias ateístas de Richard Dawkins e na recepção destas por parte dos ateus inseridos na cultura brasileira. Dawkins é um dos principais divulgadores e militantes do movimento ateísta da atualidade, e a despeito de sua faceta pública divulgada em sites mundiais e em livros de reconhecido sucesso existem debates do autor, concernentes aos espaços acadêmicos e restritos a cientistas, que nem sempre se apresentam congruentes às suas exposições e defesas públicas. Internamente aos muros da ciência, Richard Dawkins não encontra plena verificação e corroboração de alguns pontos centrais de sua teoria que parecem embasar sua argumentação pública do ateísmo, tais como a teoria da memética e o conceito de seleção de gene, ideias apresentadas ao público leigo em um de seus mais célebres livros, O gene egoísta (2001a [1976]) e mantidas publicamente com o status de ciência consolidada. Consideramos que as figuras de cientista e militante ateu em Dawkins fundem-se diante do imaginário público, o que tende a levar seus seguidores a compreenderem o ateísmo como um caminho mais legítimo e verdadeiro que o religioso, sendo aquele interpretado como um caminho de livre escolha e este último submetido a uma doutrinação. Acreditamos, no entanto, que o ateísmo pode ser compreendido como submetido a mecanismos cognitivos naturais, como a religião. Levamos em conta que o cenário político hoje é favorável aos ateus, uma vez que observamos um fenômeno que chamamos de vingança moral dos ateus , uma inversão da proteção oficial e da legitimidade do Estado, que durante muito tempo esteve acolhendo e protegendo o discurso religioso e hoje passou a se afinizar com reivindicações ateístas, ficando o religioso em um lugar ultrapassado e incômodo no debate democrático. Estas hipóteses foram investigadas por meio da confrontação entre os discursos científico e público de Richard Dawkins e através de um questionário misto (com questões fechadas e abertas) que investigou 1022 ateus, observando se, e em que intensidade, o ateísmo da amostra segue as tendências do pensamento de Richard Dawkins. Pudemos observar nos padrões de resposta, três grupos: Super Ateus, Ateus Moderados e Ateus Discretos. Aproximadamente 30% da amostra declara-se fã do autor, e ao todo, perto de 80% tem conhecimento sobre algum ponto da teoria de Dawkins
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Pachi, Clarice Gameiro da Fonseca. "Modelo matemático para o estudo da propagação de informações por campanhas educativas e rumores." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5160/tde-17042007-085041/.
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Formulamos um modelo matemático determinístico baseado no princípio de ação de massas, em analogia aos trabalhos que estudam a dinâmica de doenças infecciosas em Epidemiologia. Analisamos a dinâmica do espalhamento de rumores levando em conta a simetria no número de contatos diretos entre suscetíveis e infectados pelo rumor e estudamos as implicações de uma campanha publicitária educativa na dinâmica do modelo. Posteriormente, propomos uma simplificação do modelo e desconsideramos o contato entre os indivíduos suscetíveis e infectados supostamente mais resistentes às novidades. Discutimos suas implicações no espalhamento do rumor e a conexão com os parâmetros que descrevem o comportamento social.We have developed a deterministic mathematical model based on the mass-action principle, in analogy to the works that study the dynamics of infectious diseases in Epidemiology. We analyzed the dynamic of rumors spreading, taking into account the symmetry of contacts among susceptible and infectious individuals and studied the implications of an educative broadcasting advertising in the model. Afterwards, we proposed a simplification ot the model excluding the contact among susceptible and infected individuals supposedly more resistant to novelities. Their implications to the spread of rumor and its connection with parameters describing social behavior are discussed.
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Júnior, Jaime de Souza. "Memes pluralistas práticas linguístico-midiáticas em fenômenos bilíngues: um estudo sistêmico-funcional e multimodal sobre propagação via corpora digitais." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2014. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=8781.
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Investigou-se pelo presente estudo se a concepção presente na Teoria de Replicadores, expressa através do conceito de meme (DAWKINS, 1979), poderia ser um modelo compatível para explicar a propagação de memes no substrato das mídias sociais. No âmbito dos estudos locais, Recuero (2006) sugeriu uma transdução desse modelo, baseando-se nas concepções de Dawkins (1979). Refletindo sobre o posicionamento epistemológico de Recuero (2006), o presente trabalho, baseando-se em Dennett (1995), Blackmore (2002) e Tyler (2011b; 2013b), procedeu às instâncias de Análise Conceitual e Composicional dessa transdução. A partir do conceito de memeplexo (BLACKMORE, 2002), esta pesquisa de base linguística (HALLIDAY, 1987) entende os memes, no substrato das mídias digitais/sociais, como práticas de produção e distribuição linguístico-midiáticas, propaladas a partir de diversas unidades de propagação e das relações criadas pelos internautas nesse processo de transmissão. Investigando tais relações, a partir da instância de Análise Relacional, propõe-se examinar duas unidades de propagação. Expressões meméticas (Que deselegante e #Tenso) e imagens meméticas (oriundas do fenômeno memético Nana em desastres). Integram este estudo dois corpora de expressões meméticas (5275 postagens oriundas ou redirecionadas para o Twitter.com total de 83.655 palavras/tokens) e um corpus bilíngue (Português/Inglês) de imagens meméticas (um total de 134 imagens oriundas do Tumblr.com e Facebook.com). Para analisar os corpora de expressões meméticas utilizou-se a metodologia de Linguística de Corpus (BERBER-SARDINHA, 2004; SHEPHERD, 2009; SOUZA JÚNIOR, 2012, 2013b, 2013c). Para a análise do corpus multimodal de imagens meméticas, utilizou-se a metodologia que chamamos de Análise Propagatória. Objetivamos verificar se essas unidades de propagação e as práticas linguístico-midiáticas que estas transmitem, evoluiriam somente devido a aspectos memético-midiáticos, conforme Recuero (2006) apontara, e com padrão de propagação internalista (DAWKINS, 1979; 1982). Após análise dos dados, revelou-se que, ao nível do propósito, os fenômenos locais investigados não evoluíram por padrão internalista (ou homogêneo) de propagação. Tais padrões revelam ser de natureza externalista (ou heterogênea). Ademais, constatou-se que princípios constitutivos meméticos de evolução como os de fecundidade, longevidade (DAWKINS 1979; 1982) e o de design (DENNETT, 1995), junto com o princípio midiático de evolução de alcance (RECUERO, 2006) mantiveram-se presentes com alto grau de influencia nas propagações de natureza externalista. Por outro lado, o princípio memético da fidelidade (DAWKINS, 1979; 1982) foi o que menos influenciou esses padrões de propagação. Neutralizando a fidelidade, e impulsionados pelo princípio de design, destacaram-se nesse processo evolutivo os princípios linguísticos sistematizadores revelados por este estudo. Isto é: o princípio da funcionalidade (memes evoluem porque podem indicar propósitos diferentes) e o princípio do alcance linguístico (memes podem ser direcionados a itens animados/ inanimados; para internautas em idioma nativo/ estrangeiro)This study investigated whether the conception present in the Replicators Theory, expressed through the concept of meme (DAWKINS, 1979), could be a compatible model to be transducted and feasible to explain the propagation of memes in the substratum of social media. In the scope of local studies, Recuero (2006) suggested a model for such transduction. Reflecting on Recueros epistemological positioning, the present Linguistics-oriented research (HALLIDAY, 1987) examined the authors (2006) transduction through two investigative steps: Conceptual and Compositional Analysis, respectively. Those two investigative steps followed the conceptions presented by Dennett (1995), Blackmore (2002), and Tyler (2011b; 2013b). By departing from the concept of memeplex (BLACKMORE, 2002), this work understands memes, in the substratum of digital/social media, as practices of production and distribution through language and media. Moving to a third investigative step Relational Analysis this study investigated the relations and connexions created by internet users whilst they spread memetic phenomena through several unities of propagation, i.e.: the local phenomenas memetic expressions (from #Tenso and Que deselegante), and the memetic images (from Nana em desastres). This research used two corpora of memetic expressions (5275 posts coming from or forwarded to Twitter.com 83,655 tokens), and one bilingual corpus (Portuguese/English) of memetic images (a total of 134 images coming from Tumblr.com and Facebook.com). To analyse the corpora of memetic expressions this investigation used the methodology of Corpus Linguistics (BERBER-SARDINHA, 2004; SHEPHERD, 2009; SOUZA JÚNIOR, 2012, 2013b, 2013c). To examine the multimodal corpus of memetic images this study suggested a methodology called Propagatory Analysis. The aim of this research was to investigate if those units of propagation and the linguistic/media practices they transmit, evolved only via memetic/media aspects, and presenting an internalist pattern of propagation (DAWKINS, 1979; 1982), as Recuero (2006) argued. The findings of the present study suggested that, at the purpose level, the local phenomena investigated didnt evolve through an internalist (or homogeneous) pattern of propagation. Those patterns were of externalist (heterogeneous) nature. Furthermore, the memetic constitutive principles of evolution such as fecundity, longevity (DAWKINS, 1979; 1982), along with the media constitutive principle of reach (RECUERO, 2006) have been highly influential over propagations of externalist pattern. Conversely, the memetic constitutive principle of fidelity (DAWKINS, 1979; 1982) was the least influential in such externalist patterns of propagation. Fidelity was undermined by two linguistic constitutive principles that emerged, empowered by the principle of design (DENNETT, 1995). Firstly, appeared the linguistic constitutive principle of functionality (memes evolve because they can express different purposes), followed by the principle of linguistic reach (memes can address animate/inanimate items; and Internet users in their native or foreign languages)
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Kononova, Anna. "Memetic computing in chemical kinetics." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.531526.
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Vitiello, Autilia. "Memetic algorithms for ontology alignment." Doctoral thesis, Universita degli studi di Salerno, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10556/1156.
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2011 - 2012Semantic interoperability represents the capability of two or more systems to meaningfully and accurately interpret the exchanged data so as to produce useful results. It is an essential feature of all distributed and open knowledge based systems designed for both e-government and private businesses, since it enables machine interpretation, inferencing and computable logic. Unfortunately, the task of achieving semantic interoperability is very difficult because it requires that the meanings of any data must be specified in an appropriate detail in order to resolve any potential ambiguity. Currently, the best technology recognized for achieving such level of precision in specification of meaning is represented by ontologies. According to the most frequently referenced definition [1], an ontology is an explicit specification of a conceptualization, i.e., the formal specification of the objects, concepts, and other entities that are presumed to exist in some area of interest and the relationships that hold them [2]. However, different tasks or different points of view lead ontology designers to produce different conceptualizations of the same domain of interest. This means that the subjectivity of the ontology modeling results in the creation of heterogeneous ontologies characterized by terminological and conceptual discrepancies. Examples of these discrepancies are the use of different words to name the same concept, the use of the same word to name different concepts, the creation of hierarchies for a specific domain region with different levels of detail and so on. The arising so-called semantic heterogeneity problem represents, in turn, an obstacle for achieving semantic interoperability... [edited by author]
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Procházka, Vít. "Pokročilé optimalizační modely v odpadovém hospodářství." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-231395.
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This thesis deals with an optimization of waste collection in a mid-sized town. The model is formulated based on requirements from a real process. To deal with this problem, the original memetic algorithm was developed and implemented in C++.
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Dang, Hieu. "Adaptive multiobjective memetic optimization: algorithms and applications." Journal of Cognitive Informatics and Natural Intelligence, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/30856.
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The thesis presents research on multiobjective optimization based on memetic computing and its applications in engineering. We have introduced a framework for adaptive multiobjective memetic optimization algorithms (AMMOA) with an information theoretic criterion for guiding the selection, clustering, and local refinements. A robust stopping criterion for AMMOA has also been introduced to solve non-linear and large-scale optimization problems. The framework has been implemented for different benchmark test problems with remarkable results.
This thesis also presents two applications of these algorithms. First, an optimal image data hiding technique has been formulated as a multiobjective optimization problem with conflicting objectives. In particular, trade-off factors in designing an optimal image data hiding are investigated to maximize the quality of watermarked images and the robustness of watermark. With the fixed size of a logo watermark, there is a conflict between these two objectives, thus a multiobjective optimization problem is introduced. We propose to use a hybrid between general regression neural networks (GRNN) and the adaptive multiobjective memetic optimization algorithm (AMMOA) to solve this challenging problem. This novel image data hiding approach has been implemented for many different test natural images with remarkable robustness and transparency of the embedded logo watermark. We also introduce a perceptual measure based on the relative Rényi information spectrum to evaluate the quality of watermarked images.
The second application is the problem of joint spectrum sensing and power control optimization for a multichannel, multiple-user cognitive radio network. We investigated trade-off factors in designing efficient spectrum sensing techniques to maximize the throughput and minimize the interference. To maximize the throughput of secondary users and minimize the interference to primary users, we propose a joint determination of the sensing and transmission parameters of the secondary users, such as sensing times, decision threshold vectors, and power allocation vectors. There is a conflict between these two objectives, thus a multiobjective optimization problem is used again in the form of AMMOA. This algorithm learns to find optimal spectrum sensing times, decision threshold vectors, and power allocation vectors to maximize the averaged opportunistic throughput and minimize the averaged interference to the cognitive radio network.February 2016
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Caraffini, Fabio. "Novel memetic computing structures for continuous optimisation." Thesis, De Montfort University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2086/10629.
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This thesis studies a class of optimisation algorithms, namely Memetic Computing Structures, and proposes a novel set of promising algorithms that move the first step towards an implementation for the automatic generation of optimisation algorithms for continuous domains. This thesis after a thorough review of local search algorithms and popular meta-heuristics, focuses on Memetic Computing in terms of algorithm structures and design philosophy. In particular, most of the design carried out during my doctoral studies is inspired by the lex parsimoniae, aka Ockham’s Razor. It has been shown how simple algorithms, when well implemented can outperform complex implementations. In order to achieve this aim, the design is always carried out by attempting to identify the role of each algorithmic component/operator. In this thesis, on the basis of this logic, a set of variants of a recently proposed algorithms are presented. Subsequently a novel memetic structure, namely Parallel Memetic Structure is proposed and tested against modern algorithms representing the state of the art in optimisation. Furthermore, an initial prototype of an automatic design platform is also included. This prototype performs an analysis on separability of the optimisation problem and, on the basis of the analysis results, designs some parts of the parallel structure. Promising results are included. Finally, an investigation of the correlation among the variables and problem dimensionality has been performed. An extremely interesting finding of this thesis work is that the degree of correlation among the variables decreases when the dimensionality increases. As a direct consequence of this fact, large scale problems are to some extent easier to handle than problems in low dimensionality since, due to the lack of correlation among the variables, they can effectively be tackled by an algorithm that performs moves along the axes.
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Filák, Jakub. "Evoluční optimalizace turnusů jízdních řádů." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-236673.
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This thesis deals with the problem of vehicle scheduling in public transport. It contains a theoretical introduction to vehicles scheduling and evolutionary algorithms. Vehicle scheduling is analyzed with respect to the bus timetables. Analysis of evolutionary algorithms is done with emphasis on the genetic algorithms and tabu-search method After the theoretical introduction, a memetic algorithm for the given problem is analyzed. Finally, the thesis contains a description of the optimization system implementation and discusses the experiments with the system.
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Trindade, Rosaria da Paixão. "Gestão democrática na escola: percursos e percalços para a sua difusão." Faculdade de Educação, 2018. http://repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/26647.
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No Brasil, o princípio da gestão democrática é assegurado na legislação, nas esferas federais, estaduais e municipais, como por exemplo na Constituição Federal de 1988, na Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional de 1996, além dos planos educacionais. Tal princípio passa a ser replicado e ratificado na legislação federal de estados e municípios brasileiros. Durante cerca de três décadas, o princípio da gestão democrática vem sendo replicado em leis, diretrizes e documentos da educação brasileira. Neste contexto, a pergunta norteadora desta investigação é: A legislação e documentos educacionais brasileiros garantem a difusão do princípio da gestão democrática na escola? Esta questão problema encaminhou este estudo para seus objetivos. O objetivo principal busca: analisar a difusão do princípio da gestão democrática em escolas públicas municipais de Feira de Santana. E, através de três objetivos específicos, procura: discutir os mecanismos e/ou instrumentos de difusão, fomento e acompanhamento da gestão democrática nas escolas públicas municipais de Feira de Santana; analisar o alinhamento e desdobramentos da temática gestão democrática nessas escolas públicas municipais, a partir da legislação e documentos oficiais da educação; bem como compreender os sentidos atribuídos à gestão democrática pelos diversos segmentos envolvidos no processo educacional das escolas públicas municipais de Feira de Santana. Este estudo fundamenta-se nos temas: Gestão Democrática e Participação, Difusão, Memética, além da legislação educacional e diretrizes nacionais brasileiras. Para alcançar os objetivos propostos, optou-se por uma metodologia que privilegiasse ouvir os sujeitos e explorar documentos e leis. Seguindo esta dinâmica, foi realizada uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, por entender que esta pode contribuir para uma maior aproximação entre o pesquisador, os sujeitos e o objeto de investigação, seu contexto e sua complexidade. Os resultados alcançados revelaram que, o princípio da gestão democrática é bem difundido entre documentos e legislação educacional dos sistemas, porém há lacunas e dissipação das informações nos documentos no âmbito das escolas. No que se refere à difusão entre documento - pessoas e pessoas- pessoas, a dissipação é mais acentuadas. Segmentos como alunos e funcionários desconhecem a legislação educacional e são, também, os que menos participam da tomada de decisões na escola.
ABSTRACT In Brazil, the principle of democratic management is ensured in legislation at the federal, state and municipal levels, such as the Federal Constitution of 1988, the Law on the Guidelines and Bases of National Education of 1996, and educational plans. This principle is now replicated and ratified in the federal legislation of Brazilian states and municipalities. For about three decades, the principle of democratic management has been replicated in laws, directives and documents of Brazilian education. In this context, the guiding question of this research is: Do Brazilian legislation and educational documents guarantee the diffusion of the principle of democratic management in school? This issue has guided this study to its objectives. The main objective is to analyze the diffusion of the principle of democratic management in municipal public schools in Feira de Santana. And, through three specific objectives, it seeks: to discuss the mechanisms and / or instruments for the diffusion, promotion and monitoring of democratic management in the municipal public schools of Feira de Santana; to analyze the alignment and unfolding of the democratic management theme in these municipal public schools, from the legislation and official education documents; as well as to understand the meanings attributed to democratic management by the various segments involved in the educational process of the municipal public schools of Feira de Santana. This study is based on the themes: Democratic Management and Participation, Diffusion, Memetics, besides the educational legislation and national Brazilian guidelines. To reach the proposed objectives, a methodology was chosen that privileged to listen to the subjects and to explore documents and laws. Following this dynamic, a qualitative research was carried out, since it could contribute to a closer approximation between the researcher, the subjects and the research object, its context and its complexity. The results revealed that the principle of democratic management is well disseminated among educational documents and systems legislation, but there are gaps and dissipation of information in the documents within the schools. As far as the diffusion between document - people and people - people, the dissipation is more accentuated. Segments such as students and staff are unaware of educational legislation and are also the least involved in decision making in school.
RESUMEN En Brasil, el principio de la gestión democrática en la legislación se asegura en las esferas federal, estatal y municipal a través de la Constitución Federal de 1988, la Ley de Directrices y Bases de la Educación Nacional de 1996, además de los planes educativos. Este principio se replica y ratifica en la legislación federal de estados y municipios brasileños. Durante casi tres décadas, el principio de la gestión democrática viene siendo replicado en leyes, directrices y documentos de la educación brasileña. En este contexto, la pregunta orientadora de esta investigación es: ¿La legislación y documentos educativos brasileños garantizan la difusión del principio de la gestión democrática en la escuela? Esta cuestión problema encaminó el estudio en sus objetivos. El objetivo principal busca: analizar la difusión del principio de la gestión democrática en escuelas públicas municipales de Feira de Santana. A través de tres objetivos específicos, busca: discutir los mecanismos y / o instrumentos de difusión, fomento y seguimiento de la gestión democrática en las escuelas públicas municipales de Feira de Santana; analizar la alineación y desdoblamientos de la temática gestión democrática en esas escuelas públicas municipales, a partir de la legislación y documentos oficiales de la educación; así como comprender los sentidos atribuidos a la gestión democrática por los diversos segmentos involucrados en el proceso educativo de las escuelas públicas municipales de Feira de Santana. Este estudio se fundamenta en los temas: Gestión Democrática y Participación, Difusión, Memética, además de la legislación educativa y directrices nacionales brasileñas. Para alcanzar los objetivos propuestos, se optó por una metodología que privilegia la voz de los sujetos y la búsqueda y análisis de documentos y leyes. Siguiendo esta dinámica, se realizó una investigación de abordaje cualitativo, por entender que ésta contribuye a lograr una mayor aproximación entre el investigador, los sujetos y el objeto de investigación, su contexto y su complejidad. Los resultados alcanzados revelaron que el principio de la gestión democrática es bien difundido en los documentos de legislación educativa de los sistemas, pero hay lagunas y disipación de la información en los documentos en el ámbito de las escuelas. En lo que se refiere a la difusión entre documento - personas y personas - personas, la dispersión de la información se acentúa más. Alumnos y empleados desconocen la legislación educativa y son también, los que menos participan en la toma de decisiones en la escuela.
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Aldogan, Deniz. "Memetic Algorithms For Timetabling Problems In Private Schools." Master's thesis, METU, 2005. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12606218/index.pdf.
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The aim of this study is to introduce a real-world timetabling problem that exists in some private schools in Turkey and to solve such problem instances utilizing memetic algorithms.
Being a new type of problem and for privacy reasons, there is no real data available. Hence for benchmarking purposes, a random data generator has been implemented. Memetic algorithms (MAs) combining genetic algorithms and hill-climbing are applied to solve synthetic problem instances produced by this generator.
Different types of recombination and mutation operators based on the hierarchical structure of the timetabling problem are proposed. A modified version of the violation directed hierarchical hill-climbing method (VDHC), introduced by A. Alkan and E. Ozcan, coordinates the process of 12 different low-level hill-climbing operators grouped in two distinct arrangements that attempt to resolve corresponding constraint violations. VDHC is an adaptive method advocating cooperation of hill-climbing operators. In addition, MAs with VDHC are compared with different versions of multimeme algorithms and pure genetic algorithms.
Experimental results on synthetic benchmark data set indicate the success of the proposed MA.
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Maciel, Cristiano Baptista Faria. "A memetic algorithm for logistics network design problems." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/8601.
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Mestrado em Decisão Económica e EmpresarialNeste trabalho, um algoritmo memético é desenvolvido com o intuito de ser aplicado a uma rede logística, com três níveis, múltiplos períodos, seleção do meio de transporte e com recurso a outsourcing. O algoritmo memético pode ser aplicado a uma rede logística existente, no sentido de otimizar a sua configuração ou, se necessário, pode ser utilizado para criar uma rede logística de raiz. A produção pode ser internalizada e é permitido o envio direto de produtos para os clientes. Neste problema, as capacidades das diferentes infraestruturas podem ser expandidas ao longo do período temporal. Caso se trate uma infraestrutura já existente, após uma expansão, já não pode ser encerrada. Sempre que se abre uma nova infraestrutura, a mesma também não pode ser encerrada. A heurística é capaz de determinar o número e localizações das infraestrutura a operar, as capacidades e o fluxo de mercadoria na rede logística.
This thesis describes a memetic algorithm applied to the design of a three-echelon logistics network over multiple periods with transportation mode selection and outsourcing. The memetic algorithm can be applied to an existing supply chain in order to obtain an optimized configuration or, if required, it can be used to define a new logistics network. In addition, production can be outsourced and direct shipments of products to customer zones are possible. In this problem, the capacity of an existing or new facility can be expanded over the time horizon. In this case, the facility cannot be closed. Existing facilities, once closed, cannot be reopened. New facilities cannot be closed, once opened. The heuristic is able to determine the number and locations of facilities (i.e. plants and warehouses), capacity levels as well as the flow of products throughout the supply chain.
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Hawarden-Lord, Andrew Sinclair. "Organisational phylogenesis : developing and evaluating a memetic methodology." Thesis, Sheffield Hallam University, 2004. http://shura.shu.ac.uk/19772/.
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This research evaluates the unorthodox proposition that organisational development proceeds through the Darwinian processes of variation, selection and inheritance acting upon a non-genetic replicating code. This new replicator represents the fundamental unit of cultural transmission and was termed by evolutionist, Richard Dawkins, as the meme. The memetic position re-introduces many often neglected, sometimes shunned, evolutionary arguments into social and organisational debate by providing a naturalistic and plausible hereditary element upon which socio-cultural adaptation operates. The popularity of the neologism 'meme' initially grew through rather ad-hoc non-scientific usage on the Internet. For some time, this geekish tendency has tarnished the idea of memetics and impeded serious academic investigation into the subject. A more rigorous philosophical treatment has been provided by Daniel Dennett who has argued that, while a science of memetic cladistics may be both desirable and feasible, it remains unlikely. On the other hand one of Dawkins' most famous critics, Mary Midgley, heralds dark forebodings that one-day memes may be given actual credence. The present study necessitated the adaptation of conventional genealogical and taxonomic methods, for novel application in confirming congruence between actual organisational phylogeny and hereditary traits. One specific requirement was to develop a means of identifying, capturing and codifying such traits as meme strips for phenetic analysis. In order to handle the computational complexity inherent in the phenetic reconstruction algorithms, proprietary software had to be produced. This was extensively tested upon meme strips generated through simulated evolution. Western Christian denominational families provided a source of empirical evidence and demonstrated that the methods could be successfully applied to real organisational forms. A theological phylogeny was reliably reconstructed thereby upholding the hypothesis of cultural descent with modification based on a memetic replication. Further support for the claim was made in conjunction with the rendering of a facilities management market landscape. More importantly however, the results coming from this research suggest that the potential for formulating a science of memetics may be significantly greater than in Dennett original consideration.
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Araújo, Ricardo Matsumura de. "Memetic networks : problem-solving with social network models." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/25515.
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Sistemas sociais têm se tornado cada vez mais relevantes para a Ciência da Computação em geral e para a Inteligência Artificial em particular. Tal interesse iniciou-se pela necessidade de analisar-se sistemas baseados em agentes onde a interação social destes agentes pode ter um impacto no resultado esperado. Uma tendência mais recente vem da área de Processamento Social de Informações, Computação Social e outros métodos crowdsourced, que são caracterizados por sistemas de computação compostos de pessoas reais, com um forte componente social na interação entre estas. O conjunto de todas interações sociais e os atores envolvidos compõem uma rede social, que pode ter uma forte influência em o quão eficaz ou eficiente o sistema pode ser. Nesta tese, exploramos o papel de estruturas de redes em sistemas sociais que visam a solução de problemas. Enquadramos a solução de problemas como uma busca por soluções válidas em um espaço de estados e propomos um modelo - a Rede Memética - que é capaz de realizar busca utilizando troca de informações (memes) entre atores interagindo em uma rede social. Tal modelo é aplicado a uma variedade de cenários e mostramos como a presença da rede social pode melhorar a capacidade do sistema em encontrar soluções. Adicionalmente, relacionamos propriedades específicas de diversas redes bem conhecidas ao comportamento observado para os algoritmos propostos, resultando em um conjunto de regras gerais que podem melhorar o desempenho de tais sistemas sociais. Por fim, mostramos que os algoritmos propostos são competitivos com técnicas tradicionais de busca heurística em diversos cenários.Social systems are increasingly relevant to computer science in general and artificial intelligence in particular. Such interest was first sparkled by agent-based systems where the social interaction of such agents can be relevant to the outcome produced. A more recent trend comes from the general area of Social Information Processing, Social Computing and other crowdsourced systems, which are characterized by computing systems composed of people and strong social interactions between them. The set of all social interactions and actors compose a social network, which may have strong influence on how effective the system can be. In this thesis, we explore the role of network structure in social systems aiming at solving problems, focusing on numerical and combinatorial optimization. We frame problem solving as a search for valid solutions in a state space and propose a model - the Memetic Network - that is able to perform search by using the exchange of information, named memes, between actors interacting in a social network. Such model is applied to a variety of scenarios and we show that the presence of a social network greatly improves the system capacity to find good solutions. In addition, we relate specific properties of many well-known networks to the behavior displayed by the proposed algorithms, resulting in a set of general rules that may improve the performance of such social systems. Finally, we show that the proposed algorithms can be competitive with traditional heuristic search algorithms in a number of scenarios.
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Kılıç, Ulaş Cengiz Yavuz. "Memetic optimizasyon ile geniş band mikrodalga kuvvetlendirici tasarımı /." Isparta: SDÜ Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2006. http://tez.sdu.edu.tr/Tezler/TF01034.pdf.
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Mendes, Alexandre de Sousa. "Algoritmos memeticos aplicados aos problemas de sequenciamento em maquinas." [s.n.], 1999. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/259722.
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Orientador: Paulo Morelato FrançaDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Eletrica e de Computação
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Resumo: O problema de Sequenciamento em Máquina Simples (SMS) é um dos mais tradicionais na área de sequenciamento. Neste trabalho é explorado inicialmente o problema de SMS com restrições de tempo (datas de entrega de produtos e tempos de preparação). O objetivo é a minimização do atraso total, que se caracteriza pela soma dos atrasos na entrega de todos os produtos. O método escolhido é baseado em Algoritmos Meméticos (AM). AM constituem uma classe de metaheurística do tipo populacional que engloba outras já conhecidas, como Algoritmos Genéticos híbridos, Busca por Espalhamento, entre outras. Nesta tese, o AM utilizado é um Algoritmo Genético (AG) acrescido de uma rotina de busca local aplicada a cada elemento novo da população. Na parte evolutiva são estudadas e testadas várias possibilidades para os operadores de recombinação, mutação, estruturas populacionais, etc. São também pesquisadas estruturas de busca local que melhor se adequam para a formação de um AM. As comparações de desempenho são feitas com três diferentes abordagens encontradas na literatura. Como complementação ao trabalho são ainda analisadas a robustez do AM e o fitness landscape. Ambos são de extrema importância para validar o método e para caracterizar a dificuldade em resolver diferentes instâncias do problema. ...Observação: O resumo, na íntegra, poderá ser visualizado no texto completo da tese digital
Abstract: The Single Machine Scheduling Problem (SMS) is one of the most representative in the scheduling area. In this work we initially explore the SMS problem with time constraints (due-dates and setup times). The goal is to minimize the total tardiness, which is characterized by the sum of the delays in the production of all products. The method chosen is based on Memetic Algorithms (MA). MA constitute a class of population metaheuristics that comprise many others, such as Hybrid Genetic Algorithms, Scatter Search, etc. In this thesis the MA implemented is a Genetic Algorithm (GA) with a local search routine that is applied to each new element of the population. Concerning the evolutionary part we study and test several possibilities of recombination operators, mutation, population structures, etc. We also test local search structures that are better fitted to the design of an MA. Performance comparisons are carried out with three different approaches found in the literature. As an addition to this work we also analyze the robustness of the MA and the Fitness Landscape. 80th are extremely important to validate the method and to characterize the difficulty to solve different instances of the problem. As an extension we show some results for the Parallel Machine Scheduling (PMS) problem with sequence-dependent setup times. ...Note: The complete abstract is available with the full electronic digital thesis or dissertations
Mestrado
Automação
Mestre em Engenharia Elétrica
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Tin, Junior Gilberto Jorge. "Algoritmos memeticos aplicados ao problema de no-wait flowshop." [s.n.], 2001. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/259672.
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Orientador: Paulo Morelato FrançaDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Eletrica e de Computação
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Garcia, Vinicius Jacques. "Algoritmos memeticos paralelos aplicados a problemas de otimização combinatoria." [s.n.], 2002. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/260167.
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Orientador : Paulo Morelato FrançaDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Eletrica e de Computação
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Fischer, Thomas. "Distributed memetic algorithms for graph theoretical combinatorial optimization problems." Berlin Logos-Verl, 2008. http://d-nb.info/994066945/04.
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Noonan, Jo Howarth. "Men are from Mars, Women are from Venus: An Analysis of a Potential Meme." unrestricted, 2007. http://etd.gsu.edu/theses/available/etd-08032007-112154/.
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Thesis (M.A.)--Georgia State University, 2007.Title from file title page. Jaye Atkinson, committee chair; David Cheshier, Marian Meyers, committee members, Electronic text (105 p.) : digital, PDF file. Description based on contents viewed Dec. 6, 2007. Includes bibliographical references (p. 87-102).
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Petreca, Paula Carolina. "O papel do jornalismo cultural no percurso da dançateatro no Brasil: a replicação do Meme Pina Bausch." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2008. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/5063.
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Previous issue date: 2008-05-06Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
The German choreographer Pina Bausch has had her work diffused thanks to the contribution of cultural journalism, legitimizing its assimilation into symbolic systems which compose Brazilian cultural assembly. The phenomenon performed by cultural journalism between the first two Bausch s Brazilian tours, occurred in 1980 and 1990 respectively, the first being a pale episode as the audiences reception has been cold and critical, while the second has elevated the German company to a greater level of recognition. What happened meanwhile that promoted such a change? The hypothesis is that the diffusion of information operated by press has dealt to a better knowledge of the choreographer s work, as well as turning it to be familiar to local cultural production, dealing to the construction of a context which is being under process for more than two decades. Reflections raised by Critical Theories of Communication, according to the following authors: Benjamin (1936), Baudrillard (1995), Jameson (1998) and Bauman (2001); evoke arguments which contextualize the cultural compreension of the environment that hosts the object of this research, and the object (the action of cultural journalism between 1980 and 1990 over the diffusion of information about Pina Bausch) focus on the scope of multitude s speech (Negri, 2005). The research over material published in two newspapers from São Paulo: O Estado de São Paulo e Folha de São Paulo, has been related to testimonials of various Brazilian choreographers who recognise that the information brought by Pina Bausch has transformed and impacted their work. The methodology applied has enabled the delimitation of the role played by the newspapers previously mentioned, while interchanging information between public and artists. Theoric-practical transit has been estabilished while interviewing local choreographers whose production relate in a certain way to Pina Bausch s one, that have argumented over this issue. Regarding the lack of specific conjunctural historic source concerning dance in Brazil, this dissertation aims to contribute to on-course discussions over cultural journalism impact and its traces in Brazilians dance
O jornalismo cultural contribuiu para difundir o trabalho da coreógrafa alemã Pina Bausch, legitimando sua assimilação junto aos sistemas simbólicos componentes da tessitura cultural brasileira. Trata-se de um fenômeno operado pelo jornalismo cultural entre as duas primeiras turnês brasileiras de Bausch, ocorridas respectivamente nos anos de 1980 e 1990, sendo a primeira um episódio pálido, com recepção fria de público e crítica, enquanto a segunda reverteu-se em total consagração da companhia germânica. O que aconteceu nesse intervalo de tempo que promoveu tamanha mudança? A hipótese é a de que as informações veiculadas pela mídia impressa puderam formar um conhecimento sobre o trabalho da coreógrafa e torná-lo familiar para a produção cultural local, tecendo um contexto que vem se estabelecendo ao longo de mais de duas décadas. As reflexões suscitadas pelas Teorias Críticas da Comunicação - conforme se apresentam nas obras de Benajmin (1936), Baudrillard (1995), Jameson (1998) e Bauman (2001)- fornecem os intrumentos argumentativos para a compreensão conjuntural do ambiente que acolhe o objeto da pesquisa realizada, e o objeto (a ação do jornalismo cultural entre 1980 e 1990 na difusão de informações sobre Pina Bausch) é focado no âmbito dos discursos das multidões (Negri, 2005). A pesquisa do material publicado em dois jornais paulistanos de circulação nacional, O Estado de São Paulo e Folha de São Paulo, foi reunida a investigações a respeito dos processos contaminatórios que se estabeleceram a partir daí. Com essa metodologia tornou-se possível delimitar qual o papel que os dois jornais acima citados desempenharam no fluxo informacional entre a esfera artística e a pública. O trânsito teórico-prático se deu na realização de entrevistas realizadas com coreógrafos locais, que se relacionam, de alguma maneira, com a produção de Pina Bausch, e desenvolveram discursos a esse respeito. Tendo em vista a pouca quantidade de registros históricos conjunturais específicos sobre dança no Brasil, a pesquisa espera colaborar com as discussões em curso sobre o impacto do jornalismo cultural e sobre seus rastros na produção de dança brasileira
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Krasnogor, Natalio. "Studies on the theory and design space of memetic algorithms." Thesis, University of the West of England, Bristol, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.249135.
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Burrows, James. "Rhizo-Memetic art : the production & curation of transdisciplinary performance." Thesis, Edge Hill University, 2017. http://repository.edgehill.ac.uk/10044/.
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Contemporary discourse in the field of Memetics offers potential new insights upon the ways and means of producing and curating contemporary Performance beyond the limits of discipline specific Performance taxonomies. Alongside the rise of Internet Culture and the rapid adoption of social media, it is argued that contemporary artistic practice is becoming ‘more fluid, elastic, and dispersed’ (Cornell, 2014: online). Given this circumstance, the researcher acknowledges that notions of disciplinarity, performative agency and materiality remain in a state of flux and in need of reconsideration. Utilising a Practice-as-Research (PaR) framework, and based upon the above context, the researcher initiated an innovative three-phase methodological approach focused on the application of insights drawn from the concept of the ‘Meme’ (Dawkins, 1974) alongside a primarily Deleuze & Guattarian philosophy upon methods of artistic production, and the curation of transdisciplinary performance. The resulting praxis: ‘Rhizo-Memetic Art’ produced three major artworks including the hypertextual assemblage - Corpus 1 (2012-13), produced collaboratively online with users of Twitter and Facebook; the Florilegium: Exhibition (3rd -24th November, 2014): produced and curated alongside an invited group of contributing artists; and Florilegium: Remix (24th April 2015): an intermedial Live Art lecture. Each of these elements plugs into the following exegetic writing, and alongside the documentation of its artefacts (available on the project website), these elements produce the thesis. The outcomes of this PaR are twofold. The first outcome is a new theoretical understanding of the mechanisms of interdisciplinary creative practice emerging out of the synthesis of meme and rhizome. This outcome can be further developed to reveal insights relevant to the production of transdisciplinary performance and archival/curatorial discourses. The second outcome can be identified as the Rhizo-Memetic Artwork itself, or, rather the multiple creative artefacts and actions that combine to produce its assemblage. The implications of this research suggest that the functioning of Rhizo-Memetic Art raises permanent questions about the status of Performance in terms of its materiality and efficacy outside of the limitations of disciplinarity.
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Arshad, Shakeel. "Sequence based memetic algorithms for static and dynamic travelling salesman problems." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/10809.
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Hybridization of genetic algorithms (GAs) with local search techniques has received significant attention in recent years and is being widely used to solve real-world problems. These hybrid GAs, also called memetic algorithms (MAs), are able to incorporate other powerful techniques within the framework of GAs, working as a single unit and counterbalancing each other’s disadvantages. In this thesis, we propose a hybrid GA, called Sequence Based Memetic Algorithm (SBMA) with Inver Over (IO), for solving the travelling salesman problem (TSP). This is a 2-phase MA. The first phase (SBMA) consists of traditional binary operators, and the second phase is based on a unary operator. In SBMA, a tour is split into equal sub-tours. Further, the shortest tour is selected among the sub-tours and then optimized locally. The sub-tours are stored in the memory and then used to guide the evolutionary process via a kind of embedded local search. Additionally, we apply some techniques to adapt the key parameters based on whether the best individual within the population improves or not while also maintaining the diversity. After the first phase, the hybrid algorithm enters the second phase which is the Inver Over with elite population. Here, the IO is directed to get a clue from the elite population by adding and preserving good edges. We have also shown that the above approach can be extended to handle the dynamic TSP. The framework of our hybrid approach, along with the integration of the nearest neighbour list, applying 2-Opt local search on sub-tours and adaptive parameter control in the first phase, and the elite population with the rotating gene pool strategies in the second phase, works well for the DTSP. In order to test the performance of the proposed approach for the DTSP, experiments were carried out based on different DTSP test beds. From the study, it has been observed that the integrated heuristics or meta-heuristics are able to produce good-quality solutions for the DTSP. We also analysed the effect of the gene pool and immigrants generated with the nearest neighbour algorithm, which works well with all DTSP test instances, under different dynamics.
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Esseghir, Mohamed Amir. "Metaheuristics for the feature selection problem : adaptive, memetic and swarm approaches." Thesis, Artois, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ARTO0206/document.
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Afin d’améliorer la qualité de prédiction des techniques de classification automatique et de fouilles de données, plusieurs modèles ont été proposés dans la littérature en vue d’extraire des connaissances à partir des données. Toutefois, avec l’expansion des systèmes d’information et des technologies associées, ces techniques d’apprentissage s’avèrent de moins en moins adaptées aux nouvelles tailles et dimensions des données. On s’intéresse dans cette étude aux problèmes de grande dimensionnalité et à l’amélioration du processus d’apprentissage des méthodes de classification à travers les techniques de filtrage et de sélection d’attributs. Le problème « d’identification d’attributs pertinents » (Feature Selection Problem), tel qu’il est défini dans la littérature, relève d’une nature combinatoire. Dans le cadre de cette thèse, on s’est intéressé au développement de nouvelles techniques d’optimisation approchées et spécifiques au problème traité ainsi qu’à l’amélioration d’algorithmes existants. La conception, l’implémentation et l’étude empirique ont montré l’efficacité et la pertinence des métaheuristiques proposéesAlthough the expansion of storage technologies, networking systems, and information system methodologies, the capabilities of conventional data processing techniques remain limited. The need to knowledge extraction, compact representation and data analysis are highly motivated by data expansion. Nevertheless, learning from data might be a complex task, particularly when it includes noisy, redundant and information-less attributes. Feature Selection (FS) tries to select the most relevant attributes from raw data, and hence guides the construction of final classification models or decision support systems. Selected features should be representative of the underlying data and provide effective usefulness to the targeted learning paradigm (i.e. classification). In this thesis, we investigate different optimization paradigms as well as its adaptation to the requirements of the feature selection challenges, namely the problem combinatorial nature. Both theoritical and empirical aspects were studied, and confirm the effectiveness of the adopted methodology as well as the proposed metaheuristic based approaches
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Merz, Peter. "Memetic algorithms for combinatorial optimization problems fitness landscapes and effective search strategies /." [S.l. : s.n.], 2000. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=960860029.
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Shepherd, Jill. "An evolutionary (memetic) perspective on 'How and why does organizational knowledge emerge?'." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2002. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=21190.
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This thesis explores how and why organizational knowledge emerges. An underdeveloped branch of evolutionary theory called memetics, which applies to social evolution, is used as a theoretical back-drop. Evolutionary theory is an explanation of knowledge that assumes knowledge emerges in a system without foresight, making the system infinitely self-sustaining. This thesis explores the dynamics of knowledge emergence during social interactions. This is done on the basis that knowledge is created through social exchange and social exchange has to happen before knowledge can become embedded in minds and embodied in artefacts and anyway the knowledge stock of any social system can never be known as it is forever changing. The research is exploratory in that the theory, the research strategy and the empirical element of the thesis are all very novel. Two empirical settings are explored: 'un-managed' Internet chat rooms and a 'managed' organizational setting, with the aim of being able to compare these settings to determine how management can affect the emergence of knowledge. In order to be able to compare the emergence of knowledge within these settings knowledge emergence is described and explained. Knowledge emergence is decribed in terms of both content, specifically variety of content; and process, specifically the nature of the steps involved in adding that variety. Knowledge emergence is explained by characterising the system in which knowledge emerges. The system attributes of community interactivity, differential retention dynamics, rules of knowledge emergence and reflexivity are shown to be responsible for knowledge emergence. In comparing the three cases within each setting and the two settings, it is shown that each case of knowledge emergence has its own unique 'fingerprint'. which is more or less similar to others. aUsing these comparisons in association with the theory, the thesis elucidates the system attributes and concludes that the systemis beyond perfect control, but the system attributes are more or less controllable and hence more or less manageable. Community interactivity and retention dynamics are difficult to manage whereas rules of emergence and reflexivity are more manageable.
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Atkinson, Andrew Ross. "A synthesis of the memetic, cognitive, and group selectionist approaches to religion." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2016. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.683394.
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In brief, this work attempts to bridge a gap between theories which see religions as virulent memes or 'rogue cultural variants', the Cognitive Science of Religion, and the group-selectionists. As such, this is a synthesis of those fields with regard to their focus on religion. I begin by setting up a theory of Memetics - and, come to regard it as an incomplete evolutionary theory of [religious] culture, though valuable as a theory of transmission from which a phylogeny of religions might be drawn. A challenge to Memetics I credit to David Hull (in Aunger, 2000, pp51-52) is that a fuller understanding is needed of the mechanisms for cultural transmission. An account is needed for why human minds are particularly good at both picking up, and generating key religious concepts. Answers to this come from Cognitive Science or 'brain based' sciences which describe the neurological and cognitive con-elates of religious experience. The Cognitive Science of Religion sees religiosity as a by-product - an accident. I then proceed, drawing the reader into multi-level selection questions, by presenting D.S.Wilson's group-selectionist account of religion. His argument is that it is an evolutionary adaption. Respectively, either viral, accidental by-product, or adaptationist explanations of religion, there appears to be a conflict of interest. My aim is to bring together these theories and show that they overlap in important ways. I alter the group selectionist account to agree with most of its evidence, but not that belief in God has been selected for - rather that it's just incidental - and, I integrate viral transmission dynamics as a key ingredient of religion 's success. My original contributions to knowledge are as follows: to have merged three competing explanations of religion, and to have isolated which of those approaches explains the generation of God concepts insofar as such a concept has concomitant effects on behaviour - locating them within the proximate/ultimate distinction in philosophy of biology.
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BERTI, JACOPO. "Macchine migliori di noi. Calvino, Levi e Volponi tra memetica, ecologia e fantascienza." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Trieste, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11368/2908144.
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Questo studio riguarda l'opera di Italo Calvino, Primo Levi e Paolo Volponi e coinvolge, esaminando l’ampio spettro dell’interdisciplinarità scienza-letteratura, una serie di nodi tematici tra loro interconnessi, quali sono la memetica, l’ecologia, la fantascienza soprattutto nella sua accezione di estrapolazione sociale e tecnologica e, in un certo senso, quale summa delle due tematiche precedenti. Il primo capitolo inizia con un’introduzione alla memetica, intesa come disciplina che studia il rapporto (in termini di analogia e di reciproca influenza) tra evoluzione biologica ed evoluzione culturale. In una prospettiva memetica (ma già ecologica/ecocritica) la facoltà del linguaggio e la predisposizione dell’animale-uomo per la narratività e conseguentemente per la letteratura, sono biologicamente fondate (e quindi sottoposte a meccanicistica selezione naturale) ma al contempo consapevolmente guidate da un’evoluzione che a differenza di quella biologica, è eminentemente lamarckiana. In questo senso, la letteratura e la sua funzione primaria, quella retorica, per essere etiche devono essere orientate alla sopravvivenza della specie (o a un’alternativa accettabile). Il capitolo prosegue con un’analisi di quelle opere o brani nei quali i tre autori parlano di trasmissione culturale in termini biologici o viceversa; di letteratura come strumento di sopravvivenza della specie; di trasmissione memetica inter- o intra-specifica; di ereditarietà dei caratteri culturali e non fisici come elemento primario dell’uomo e quindi della possibilità che “macchine migliori di noi” ci sopravvivano.
Il secondo capitolo offre una lettura ecocritica delle opere di Calvino, Levi e Volponi, soffermandosi in particolare sulle nozioni di antropocentrismo e anti-antropocentrismo come caratterizzanti gli scritti dei tre autori a cavallo degli anni Sessanta e Settanta. Al centro dell’analisi vi sono da un lato l’attenzione dei tre autori per la crisi ambientale e antropologica frutto di un’economia industriale che si qualifica come sopraffazione e rapina della natura, dall’altro l’interesse e l’empatia per l’alterità animale, e per l’uomo stesso come animale.
Il terzo capitolo prende in considerazione il rapporto dei tre autori con la scienza (in particolare quella delle anomalie) e con la fantascienza. Tratta di alcune problematiche definitorie della fantascienza – nella consapevolezza che, quasi fosse sottoposto più di altri a una dinamica di selezione culturale, la sua caratteristica principale è la mutazione – e vaglia l’ascrizione di alcune delle opere dei suddetti autori a questo tipo di letteratura e il rapporto di tali opere
In conclusione, si propone una lettura complessiva dei tre precedenti alla luce del postumanesimo, ipotizzando per i tre autori oggetto di studio una collocazione in una cultura postumanistica ante litteram.
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TARDITI, SPAGNOLI GIORGIO. "Nurture becomes nature: the evolving place of psychology in the theory of evolution." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/80377.
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The thesis here presented establishes a triple parallelism between biology and psychology. First, through Haeckel's recapitulation theory as the source of freudian and jungian psychology. Second, from the reductionist view of science to the new phenomenology of evolutionary developmental biology. Third, by overcoming the reductionist paradigm in biology through the Extended Synthesis and in psychology though the revisited archetype theory. By establishing these parallelisms, the thesis faces the nature vs. nurture debate on three epistemological levels, in which the external and internal levels are being mediatied by a middle one. This turns the dualistic debate into a heuristic paradigm aimed to resolve any irreducible dualism inherent in the reductionist view