Relevant bibliographies by topics / Membrane reactors

Academic literature on the topic 'Membrane reactors'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 30 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Membrane reactors"

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Ma, Yi Hua. "Dense Palladium and Perovskite Membranes and Membrane Reactors." MRS Bulletin 24, no. 3 (March 1999): 46–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s0883769400051915.

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The development of high-temperature processes and tighter environmental regulations requires utilization of efficient gas-separation processes that will provide high fluxes, high selectivity of separation, and the ability to operate at elevated temperatures. Dense inorganic membranes and membrane reactors are especially well suited for high-temperature reactions and separations, due in part to their thermal stability and high separation selectivity (in theory, infinite). Furthermore, membrane reactors offer an inherent advantage of combining reaction, product concentration, and separation in a single-unit operation for the improvement of process economics and waste minimization.The classification of membrane reactors can either be by membrane material and geometry or by the configuration of the reactor. Porous and dense membranes in both tubular and disk forms have been used for membrane reactors. The membrane can either be catalytically active (catalytic membrane reactor [CMR]) or simply act as a separation medium. In the latter case, the catalyst is packed in the reactor, whose walls are formed by the membrane (packed-bed membrane reactor [PBMR]). In addition, if the membrane is also catalytically active, the reactor is called a packed-bed catalytic membrane reactor (PBCMR).The principal materials from which porous inorganic (ceramic) membranes are made are alumina, zirconia, and glass. Alumina and zirconia membranes are usually asymmetric and composite, with a porous support (0.5–2.0 mm thick) for mechanical strength and one or more thin layers for carrying out separations.On the other hand, glass membranes, such as Vycor and microporous glass, have symmetric pores. Materials commonly used as the porous support are alumina, granular carbon, sintered metal, and silicon carbide.
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Taghizadeh, Majid, and Fatemeh Aghili. "Recent advances in membrane reactors for hydrogen production by steam reforming of ethanol as a renewable resource." Reviews in Chemical Engineering 35, no. 3 (March 26, 2019): 377–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/revce-2017-0083.

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AbstractDuring the last decade, hydrogen has attracted lots of interest due to its potential as an energy carrier. Ethanol is one of the renewable resources that can be considered as a sustainable candidate for hydrogen generation. In this regard, producing hydrogen from ethanol steam reforming (ESR) would be an environmentally friendly process. Commonly, ESR is performed in packed bed reactors; however, this process needs several stages for hydrogen separation with desired purity. Recently, the concept of a membrane reactor, an attractive device integrating catalytic reactions and separation processes in a single unit, has allowed obtaining a smaller reactor volume, higher conversion degrees, and higher hydrogen yield in comparison to conventional reactors. This paper deals with recent advances in ESR in terms of catalyst utilization and the fundamental of membranes. The main part of this paper discusses the performance of different membrane reactor configurations, mainly packed bed membrane reactors, fluidized bed membrane reactors, and micro-membrane reactors. In addition, a short overview is given about the impact of ESR via different catalysts such as noble metal, non-noble metal, and bi-metallic catalysts.
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Escolástico, Sonia, Falk Schulze-Küppers, Stefan Baumann, Katja Haas-Santo, and Roland Dittmeyer. "Development and Proof of Concept of a Compact Metallic Reactor for MIEC Ceramic Membranes." Membranes 11, no. 7 (July 16, 2021): 541. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes11070541.

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The integration of mixed ionic–electronic conducting separation membranes in catalytic membrane reactors can yield more environmentally safe and economically efficient processes. Concentration polarization effects are observed in these types of membranes when O2 permeating fluxes are significantly high. These undesired effects can be overcome by the development of new membrane reactors where mass transport and heat transfer are enhanced by adopting state-of-the-art microfabrication. In addition, careful control over the fluid dynamics regime by employing compact metallic reactors equipped with microchannels could allow the rapid extraction of the products, minimizing undesired secondary reactions. Moreover, a high membrane surface area to catalyst volume ratio can be achieved. In this work, a compact metallic reactor was developed for the integration of mixed ionic–electronic conducting ceramic membranes. An asymmetric all-La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3–δ membrane was sealed to the metallic reactor by the reactive air brazing technique. O2 permeation was evaluated as a proof of concept, and the influence of different parameters, such as temperature, sweep gas flow rates and oxygen partial pressure in the feed gas, were evaluated.
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Ishikawa, Haruo. "Membrane reactors for enzyme reactions." membrane 14, no. 3 (1989): 186–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5360/membrane.14.186.

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Wang, Zhigang, Tianjia Chen, Nikita Dewangan, Ziwei Li, Sonali Das, Subhasis Pati, Zhan Li, Jerry Y. S. Lin, and Sibudjing Kawi. "Catalytic mixed conducting ceramic membrane reactors for methane conversion." Reaction Chemistry & Engineering 5, no. 10 (2020): 1868–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0re00177e.

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Schematic of catalytic mixed conducting ceramic membrane reactors for various reactions: (a) O2 permeable ceramic membrane reactor; (b) H2 permeable ceramic membrane reactor; (c) CO2 permeable ceramic membrane reactor.
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Itoh, Naotsugu. "Membrane Reactors." MEMBRANE 31, no. 1 (2006): 14–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5360/membrane.31.14.

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Algieri, Catia, Gerardo Coppola, Debolina Mukherjee, Mahaad Issa Shammas, Vincenza Calabro, Stefano Curcio, and Sudip Chakraborty. "Catalytic Membrane Reactors: The Industrial Applications Perspective." Catalysts 11, no. 6 (May 29, 2021): 691. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal11060691.

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Catalytic membrane reactors have been widely used in different production industries around the world. Applying a catalytic membrane reactor (CMR) reduces waste generation from a cleaner process perspective and reduces energy consumption in line with the process intensification strategy. A CMR combines a chemical or biochemical reaction with a membrane separation process in a single unit by improving the performance of the process in terms of conversion and selectivity. The core of the CMR is the membrane which can be polymeric or inorganic depending on the operating conditions of the catalytic process. Besides, the membrane can be inert or catalytically active. The number of studies devoted to applying CMR with higher membrane area per unit volume in multi-phase reactions remains very limited for both catalytic polymeric and inorganic membranes. The various bio-based catalytic membrane system is also used in a different commercial application. The opportunities and advantages offered by applying catalytic membrane reactors to multi-phase systems need to be further explored. In this review, the preparation and the application of inorganic membrane reactors in the different catalytic processes as water gas shift (WGS), Fisher Tropsch synthesis (FTS), selective CO oxidation (CO SeLox), and so on, have been discussed.
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Helmi, Arash, and Fausto Gallucci. "Latest Developments in Membrane (Bio)Reactors." Processes 8, no. 10 (October 2, 2020): 1239. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr8101239.

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The integration of membranes inside a catalytic reactor is an intensification strategy to combine separation and reaction steps in one single physical unit. In this case, a selective removal or addition of a reactant or product will occur, which can circumvent thermodynamic equilibrium and drive the system performance towards a higher product selectivity. In the case of an inorganic membrane reactor, a membrane separation is coupled with a reaction system (e.g., steam reforming, autothermal reforming, etc.), while in a membrane bioreactor a biological treatment is combined with a separation through the membranes. The objective of this article is to review the latest developments in membrane reactors in both inorganic and membrane bioreactors, followed by a report on new trends, applications, and future perspectives.
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Hwang, Sun-Tak. "Inorganic membranes and membrane reactors." Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering 18, no. 6 (November 2001): 775–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02705597.

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Nishida, Ryoichi, Toshiki Tago, Takashi Saitoh, Masahiro Seshimo, and Shin-ichi Nakao. "Development of CVD Silica Membranes Having High Hydrogen Permeance and Steam Durability and a Membrane Reactor for a Water Gas Shift Reaction." Membranes 9, no. 11 (October 30, 2019): 140. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes9110140.

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Water gas shift reaction of carbon monoxide (CO) with membrane reactors should be a promising method for hydrogen mass-production because of its high CO conversion, high hydrogen purity and low carbon dioxide emission. For developing such membrane reactors, we need hydrogen permselective membranes with high hydrogen permeance with order of 10−6 mol m−2 s−1 Pa−1 at 573 K and high steam durability. In this study, we have optimized the kind of substrates, precursors, vapor concentration, and chemical vapor deposition (CVD) time using the counter-diffusion CVD method for developing such membranes. The developed membrane prepared from hexamethyldisiloxane has a hydrogen permeance of 1.29 × 10−6 mol m−2 s−1 Pa−1 at 573 K and high steam durability. We also conducted water gas shift reactions with membrane reactors installed the developed silica membranes. The results indicated that reactions proceed efficiently with the conversion around 95–97%, hydrogen purity around 94%, and hydrogen recovery around 60% at space velocity (SV) 7000.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Membrane reactors"

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Wales, Michael Dean. "Membrane contact reactors for three-phase catalytic reactions." Diss., Kansas State University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/20589.

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Doctor of Philosophy
Chemical Engineering
Mary E. Rezac
Membrane contact reactors (MCRs) have been evaluated for the selective hydro-treating of model reactions; the partial hydrogenation of soybean oil (PHSO), and the conversion of lactic acid into commodity chemicals. Membranes were rendered catalytically active by depositing metal catalyst onto the polymer "skin" of an asymmetric membrane. Hydrogen was supplied to the support side of the membrane and permeated from the support side to the skin side, where it adsorbed directly onto the metal surface. Liquid reactant was circulated over the membrane, allowing the liquid to come into direct contact with the metal coated surface of the membrane, where the reaction occurred. Our membrane contact reactor approach replaces traditional three-phase batch slurry reactors. These traditional reactors possess inherent mass transfer limitations due to low hydrogen solubility in liquid and slow diffusion to the catalyst surface. This causes hydrogen starvation at the catalyst surface, resulting in undesirable side reactions and/or extreme operating pressures of 100 atmospheres or more. By using membrane reactors, we were able to rapidly supply hydrogen to the catalyst surface. When the PHSO is performed in a traditional slurry reactor, the aforementioned hydrogen starvation leads to a high amounts of trans-fats. Using a MCR, we were able to reduce trans-fats by over 50% for equal levels of hydrogenation. It was further demonstrated that an increase in temperature had minimal effects on trans-fat formation, while significantly increasing hydrogenation rates; allowing the system to capture higher reaction rates without adversely affecting product quality. Additionally, high temperatures favors the hydrogenation of polyenes over monoenes, leading to low amounts of saturated fats. MCRs were shown to operator at high temperatures and: (1) capture high reaction rates, (2) minimize saturated fats, and (3) minimize trans-fats. We also demonstrated lactic acid conversion into commodity chemicals using MCRs. Our results show that all MCR experiments had faster reaction rate than all of our controls, indicating that MCRs have high levels of hydrogen coverage at the catalyst. It was also demonstrated that changing reaction conditions (pressure and temperature) changed the product selectivities; giving the potential for MCRs to manipulate product selectivity.
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Keuler, Johan Nico. "Optimising catalyst and membrane performance and performing a fundamental analysis on the dehydrogenation of ethanol and 2-butanol in a catalytic membrane reactor." Thesis, Link to the online version, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1277.

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Mokrani, Touhami. "Transport of gases across membranes." Thesis, Peninsula Technikon, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/878.

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Thesis (MTech (Chemical Engineering))--Peninsula Technikon, 2000.
Oxygen transport across biofilms and membranes may be a limiting factor in the operation of a membrane bio-reactor. A Gradostat fungal membrane bio-reactor is one in which fungi are immobilized within the wall of a porous polysulphone capillary membrane. In this study the mass transfer rates of gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide) were investigated in a bare membrane (without a biofilm being present). The work provides a basis for further transport study in membranes where biomass is present. The diaphragm-cell method can be employed to study mass transfer of gases in flat-sheet membranes. The diaphragm-cell method employs two well-stirred compartments separated by the desired membrane to be tested. The membrane is maintained horizontally. -The gas (solute) concentration in the lower compartment is measured versus time, while the concentration in the upper liquid-containing compartment is maintained at a value near zero by a chemical reaction. The resistances-in-series model can be used to explain the transfer rate in the system. The two compartments are well stirred; this agitation reduces the resistances in the liquid boundary layers. Therefore it can be assumed that in this work the resistance in the membrane will be dominating. The method was evaluated using oxygen as a test. The following factors were found to influence mass transfer coefficient: i) the agitation in the two compartments; ii) the concentration of the reactive solution and iii) the thickness of the membrane.
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Xu, Lili. "Electrically tuneable membranes : revolutionising separation and fouling control for membrane reactors." Thesis, University of Bath, 2017. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.715263.

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The overall aim of this research is to develop unique conducting polyaniline (PANI) membranes that can be electrically tuned to achieve different fluxes and selectivity. The target application is in a tuneable membrane reactor, where these membranes allow the fouling layer to be pushed off/through membranes by application of external potential. To achieve this, several different types of PANI membranes were examined. The permeation properties of HCl-doped PANI membranes can be modified electrically to produce in-situ tuneable separations. However, acid dopant leaching and membrane brittleness limit the further application of these membranes. Polymer acid doped PANI membranes using poly(2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid) or PAMPSA were investigated as a solution. These PAMPSA doped PANI membranes displayed improved mechanical strength and filtration stability. However, the membranes showed decreased electrical conductivity, leading to a limited tuneable permeance and selectivity under applied potential. To overcome this new challenge, expanded graphite and a large acid (dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid or DBSA) were incorporated into the PAMPSA doped PANI membranes to increase the conductivity. Despite increasing both conductivity and electrical tuneability, the resulting membranes were more porous with looser molecular weight cut-off (outside of the desired NF/low UF MWCO range) than without modification. Efforts to tighten PAMPSA doped membranes to the same MWCO as HCl doped membranes using volatile co-solvents (THF and acetone) were unsuccessful: porosity was due to the large acid dopants. Membranes were examined for their potential for in-situ fouling removal of model foulant bovine serum albumin under applied voltage. This was successful and defouling extent was found to be closely related to membranes with higher conductivity and greater acid stability. Overall, it has been demonstrated that the conducting polyaniline composite membranes can be made to be stable to acid leaching and be more mechanically robust, whilst also being externally electrically tuned to different molecular selectivities with the potential for in-situ fouling control.
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Constantinou, A. "CO2 absorption in microstructured membrane reactors." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2012. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1348316/.

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The objective of this work is to study experimentally and theoretically novel multiphase microreactors and characterize them in relation to hydrodynamics and mass transfer, in order to evaluate, understand and improve their performance. In order to achieve this CO2 absorption in sodium hydroxide and amine solutions an example of a fast gas-liquid reaction has been investigated in a single microstructured metallic mesh reactor, CRL reactor, PTFE single channel membrane reactor and the silicon nitride mesh reactor. CO2 absorption in sodium hydroxide solution was initially studied experimentally and theoretically in a metal microstructured mesh reactor. The differential mass balances to describe the concentration profiles of components in the three domains (gas/membrane/liquid), were solved with Comsol Multiphysics (modeling software for finite element analysis of partial differential equations). The model indicated that the carbon dioxide is consumed within few microns from the gas – liquid interface, and the dominant resistance for mass transfer is located in the mesh because it is wetted by the liquid reactant. In order to overcome the limitation of the extra resistance to the mass transfer in the metallic mesh, PTFE membranes were used in the single channel reactor, which are considered as hydrophobic to aqueous solutions of NaOH and amines. Monoethanolamine solution (MEA) absorbed more CO2 than diethanolamine (DEA) since the reaction rate constant for MEA is higher than DEA. 8 channel (PTFE) microreactor showed much higher CO2 removal efficiency than the metallic mesh microreactor. Furthermore the model indicated partial-wetting of the PTFE membrane when NaOH solution was used as an absorbent. In order to enhance mass transfer staggered herringbones were used on the floor of the liquid side of the single channel PTFE microreactor. No enhancement of mass transfer was observed with the use of staggered herringbones. A possible reason for that is that a limit for the fast second-order reaction is reached for enhancement and that the apparent reaction rate is independent from mass transfer for our case, or that the herringbones are far away from the reaction zone and cannot create the appropriate stirring for enhancement. In order to increase throughput, carbon dioxide absorption in sodium hydroxide solution was performed in the metallic mesh ‘scale-out’ reactor (with 4 meshes). CO2 removal efficiency for the ‘scale-out’ reactor was significantly lower than the single mesh reactor, which is probably due to breakthrough of liquid in the gas phase (stagnant liquid) or uneven flow distribution in each plate of the ‘scale-out’ reactor. Finally a silicon nitride mesh reactor developed by Bayer Technology Services and FluXXion was used for CO2 absorption in aqueous solutions of NaOH and DEA. The silicon nitride mesh reactor showed better performance than the PTFE single channel reactor, the metallic 8 channel reactor and the CRL mesh reactor when NaOH was used, due to the very thin membrane of 1 μm thickness, which makes the resistance to mass transfer very small.
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Damm, David Lee. "Batch reactors for scalable hydrogen production." Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/29705.

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Thesis (Ph.D)--Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009.
Committee Chair: Andrei Fedorov; Committee Member: Srinivas Garimella; Committee Member: Timothy Lieuwen; Committee Member: William Koros; Committee Member: William Wepfer. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.
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Winkler, Gudrun. "Effects of configuration on the operation of membranes in membrane biological reactors." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2011. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/7960.

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The aim of this work included the investigation of the impact of membrane material properties on fouling propensity and permeate flux decline in MBR biomass systems. Furthermore, the impact of membrane configuration on the respective fouling behaviour was of interest. A direct comparative study of different membrane module configurations including a multi-tubular membrane (MT), a single flat sheet module (FS) and a hollow fibre (HF) pilot scale module was undertaken. Membrane module filtration performances, especially with respect to their fouling propensity under varying hydraulic conditions, were investigated to ultimately evaluate the impact of varying parameters such as aeration and biomass make up on fouling and to determine optimised operational parameters. Subsequently, a range of different membrane materials, such as flat sheet membrane samples made of polyethylene (PE), polyethersulfone (PES), polysulfone (PS) and polyvynilidene fluoride (PVDF) and a single-tube made of PVDF and PES were characterised and their fouling propensity to MBR biomass was studied at bench-scale. Cont/d.
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Angueira, Ernesto J. "Membrane's properties and potential operational savings for a membrane reactor system versus a conventional reactor system in propylene production." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/11763.

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Shi, Xinlong. "Membrane fouling of activated sludge." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2004. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B30731884.

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Escorihuela, Roca Sara. "Novel gas-separation membranes for intensified catalytic reactors." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/121139.

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[ES] La presente tesis doctoral se centra en el desarrollo de nuevas membranas de separación de gases, así como su empleo in-situ en reactores catalíticos de membrana para la intensificación de procesos. Para este propósito, se han sintetizado varios materiales, como polímeros para la fabricación de membranas, catalizadores tanto para la metanación del CO2 como para la reacción de síntesis de Fischer-Tropsch, y diversas partículas inorgánicas nanométricas para su uso en membranas de matriz mixta. En lo referente a la fabricación de las membranas, la tesis aborda principalmente dos tipos: orgánicas e inorgánicas. Con respecto a las membranas orgánicas, se han considerado diferentes materiales poliméricos, tanto para la capa selectiva de la membrana, así como soporte de la misma. Se ha trabajado con poliimidas, puesto que son materiales con temperaturas de transición vítrea muy alta, para su posterior uso en reacciones industriales que tienen lugar entre 250-300 ºC. Para conseguir membranas muy permeables, manteniendo una buena selectividad, es necesario obtener capas selectivas de menos de una micra. Usando como material de soporte otro tipo de polímero, no es necesario estudiar la compatibilidad entre ellos, siendo menos compleja la obtención de capas finas. En cambio, si el soporte es de tipo inorgánico, un exhaustivo estudio de la relación entre la concentración y la viscosidad de la solución polimérica es altamente necesario. Diversas partículas inorgánicas nanométricas se estudiaron para favorecer la permeación de agua a través de los materiales poliméricos. En segundo lugar, en cuanto a membranas inorgánicas, se realizó la funcionalización de una membrana de paladio para favorecer la permeación de hidrógeno y evitar así la contaminación por monóxido de carbono. El motivo por el cual se dopó con otro metal la capa selectiva de la membrana metálica fue para poder emplearla en un reactor de Fischer-Tropsch. Con relación al diseño y fabricación de los reactores, durante esta tesis, se desarrolló el prototipo de un microreactor para la metanación de CO2, donde una membrana polimérica de capa fina selectiva al agua se integró para evitar la desactivación del catalizador, y a su vez desplazar el equilibrio y aumentar la conversión de CO2. Por otro lado, se rediseñó un reactor de Fischer-Tropsch para poder introducir una membrana metálica selectiva a hidrogeno y poder inyectarlo de manera controlada. De esta manera, y siguiendo estudios previos, el objetivo fue mejorar la selectividad a los productos deseados mediante el hidrocraqueo y la hidroisomerización de olefinas y parafinas con la ayuda de la alta presión parcial de hidrógeno.
[CAT] La present tesi doctoral es centra en el desenvolupament de noves membranes de separació de gasos, així com el seu ús in-situ en reactors catalítics de membrana per a la intensificació de processos. Per a aquest propòsit, s'han sintetitzat diversos materials, com a polímers per a la fabricació de membranes, catalitzadors tant per a la metanació del CO2 com per a la reacció de síntesi de Fischer-Tropsch, i diverses partícules inorgàniques nanomètriques per al seu ús en membranes de matriu mixta. Referent a la fabricació de les membranes, la tesi aborda principalment dos tipus: orgàniques i inorgàniques. Respecte a les membranes orgàniques, diferents materials polimèrics s'ha considerat com a candidats prometedors, tant per a la capa selectiva de la membrana, així com com a suport d'aquesta. S'ha treballat amb poliimides, ja que són materials amb temperatures de transició vítria molt alta, per al seu posterior ús en reaccions industrials que tenen lloc entre 250-300 °C. Per a aconseguir membranes molt permeables, mantenint una bona selectivitat, és necessari obtindre capes selectives de menys d'una micra. Emprant com a material de suport altre tipus de polímer, no és necessari estudiar la compatibilitat entre ells, sent menys complexa l'obtenció de capes fines. En canvi, si el suport és de tipus inorgànic, un exhaustiu estudi de la relació entre la concentració i la viscositat de la solució polimèrica és altament necessari. Diverses partícules inorgàniques nanomètriques es van estudiar per a afavorir la permeació d'aigua a través dels materials polimèrics. En segon lloc, quant a membranes inorgàniques, es va realitzar la funcionalització d'una membrana de pal¿ladi per a afavorir la permeació d'hidrogen i evitar la contaminació per monòxid de carboni. El motiu pel qual es va dopar amb un altre metall la capa selectiva de la membrana metàl¿lica va ser per a poder emprar-la en un reactor de Fischer-Tropsch. En relació amb el disseny i fabricació dels reactors, durant aquesta tesi, es va desenvolupar el prototip d'un microreactor per a la metanació de CO2, on una membrana polimèrica de capa fina selectiva a l'aigua es va integrar per a així evitar la desactivació del catalitzador i al seu torn desplaçar l'equilibri i augmentar la conversió de CO2. D'altra banda, un reactor de Fischer-Tropsch va ser redissenyat per a poder introduir una membrana metàl¿lica selectiva a l'hidrogen i poder injectar-lo de manera controlada. D'aquesta manera, i seguint estudis previs, el objectiu va ser millorar la selectivitat als productes desitjats mitjançant el hidrocraqueix i la hidroisomerització d'olefines i parafines amb l'ajuda de l'alta pressió parcial d'hidrogen.
[EN] The present thesis is focused on the development of new gas-separation membranes, as well as their in-situ integration on catalytic membrane reactors for process intensification. For this purpose, several materials have been synthesized such as polymers for membrane manufacture, catalysts for CO2 methanation and Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction, and inorganic materials in form of nanometer-sized particles for their use in mixed matrix membranes. Regarding membranes manufacture, this thesis deals mainly with two types: organic and inorganic. With regards to the organic membranes, different polymeric materials have been considered as promising candidates, both for the selective layer of the membrane, as well as a support thereof. Polyimides have been selected since they are materials with very high glass transition temperatures, in order to be used in industrial reactions which take place at temperatures around 250-300 ºC. To obtain highly permeable membranes, while maintaining a good selectivity, it is necessary to develop selective layers of less than one micron. Using another type of polymer as support material, it is not necessary to study the compatibility between membrane and support. On the other hand, if the support is inorganic, an exhaustive study of the relation between the concentration and the viscosity of the polymer solution is highly necessary. In addition, various inorganic particles were studied to favor the permeation of water through polymeric materials. Secondly, as regards to inorganic membranes, the functionalization of a palladium membrane to favor the permeation of hydrogen and avoid carbon monoxide contamination was carried out. The membrane selective layer was doped with another metal in order to be used in a Fischer-Tropsch reactor. Regarding the design and manufacture of the reactors used during this thesis, a prototype of a microreactor for CO2 methanation was carried out, where a thin-film polymer membrane selective to water was integrated to avoid the deactivation of the catalyst and to displace the equilibrium and increase the CO2 conversion. On the other hand, a Fischer-Tropsch reactor was redesigned to introduce a hydrogen-selective metal membrane and to be able to inject it in a controlled manner. In this way, and following previous studies, the aim is to enhance the selectivity to the target products by hydrocracking and hydroisomerization the olefins and paraffins assisted by the presence of an elevated partial pressure of hydrogen.
I would like to acknowledge the Spanish Government, for funding my research with the Severo Ochoa scholarship.
Escorihuela Roca, S. (2019). Novel gas-separation membranes for intensified catalytic reactors [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/121139
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Books on the topic "Membrane reactors"

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Basile, Angelo, and Fausto Gallucci, eds. Membranes for Membrane Reactors. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470977569.

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Thomas, Tsotsis Theodore, ed. Catalytic membranes and membrane reactors. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH, 2002.

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Seidel-Morgenstern, Andreas, ed. Membrane Reactors. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527629725.

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Tan, Xiaoyao, and Kang Li. Inorganic Membrane Reactors. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118672839.

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Falco, Marcello De, Luigi Marrelli, and Gaetano Iaquaniello. Membrane reactors for hydrogen production processes. London: Springer, 2011.

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1950-, Gomez-Fernandez J. C., Chapman Dennis 1927-, and Packer Lester, eds. Progress in membrane biotechnology. Basel: Birkhäuser Verlag, 1991.

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Govind, Rakesh, Itoh Naotsugu, Catapano Gerardo, and American Institute of Chemical Engineers. Meeting, eds. Membrane reactor technology. New York, N.Y: American Institute of Chemical Engineers, 1989.

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De De Falco, Marcello, Luigi Marrelli, and Gaetano Iaquaniello, eds. Membrane Reactors for Hydrogen Production Processes. London: Springer London, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-151-6.

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Tan, Xiaoyao. Inorganic membrane reactors: Fundamentals and applications. Chichester, West Sussex, United Kingdom: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2014.

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Water Environment Federation. Energy Conservation in Water and Wastewater Treatment Facilities Task Force. Membrane bioreactors. Alexandria, Va: WEF Press, 2012.

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Book chapters on the topic "Membrane reactors"

1

Téllez, Carlos, and Miguel Menéndez. "Zeolite Membrane Reactors." In Membranes for Membrane Reactors, 243–73. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470977569.ch8.

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Georgieva-Angelova, Katya, Velislava Edreva, Arshad Hussain, Piotr Skrzypacz, Lutz Tobiska, Andreas Seidel-Morgenstern, Evangelos Tsotsas, and Jürgen Schmidt. "Transport Phenomena in Porous Membranes and Membrane Reactors." In Membrane Reactors, 85–132. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527629725.ch4.

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Matson, Stephen L., and John A. Quinn. "Membrane Reactors." In Membrane Handbook, 809–32. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3548-5_43.

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Gallucci, Fausto, Angelo Basile, and Faisal Ibney Hai. "Introduction - A Review of Membrane Reactors." In Membranes for Membrane Reactors, 1–61. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470977569.ch.

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Yoshimune, Miki, and Kenji Haraya. "Microporous Carbon Membranes." In Membranes for Membrane Reactors, 63–97. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470977569.ch1.

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Checchetto, R., R. S. Brusa, A. Miotello, and A. Basile. "PVD Techniques for Metallic Membrane Reactors." In Membranes for Membrane Reactors, 289–314. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470977569.ch10.

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Broglia, M., P. Pinacci, and A. Basile. "Membranes Prepared via Electroless Plating." In Membranes for Membrane Reactors, 315–33. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470977569.ch11.

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Galuszka, J., and T. Giddings. "Silica Membranes - Preparation by Chemical Vapour Deposition and Characteristics." In Membranes for Membrane Reactors, 335–56. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470977569.ch12.

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Malygin, A. A., A. A. Malkov, S. V. Mikhaylovskiy, S. D. Dubrovensky, N. L. Basov, M. M. Ermilova, N. V. Orekhova, and G. F. Tereschenko. "Membranes Prepared via Molecular Layering Method." In Membranes for Membrane Reactors, 357–69. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470977569.ch13.

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Pitzalis, Emanuela, Claudio Evangelisti, Nicoletta Panziera, Angelo Basile, Gustavo Capannelli, and Giovanni Vitulli. "Solvated Metal Atoms in the Preparation of Catalytic Membranes." In Membranes for Membrane Reactors, 371–80. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470977569.ch14.

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Conference papers on the topic "Membrane reactors"

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Nagy, Endre. "Mass Transport Through Biocatalytic Membrane Reactors." In ASME 2008 9th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2008-59403.

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A mathematical model and its solution were developed to calculate the mass transport through catalytic membrane layer by means of explicit, closed expressions even in the case of the nonlinear Michaelis-Menten reaction kinetics and/or of variable mass transport — diffusion coefficient, convective velocity — parameters. Some typical examples on the Thiele modulus, applying the Michaelis-Menten kinetics and its limiting cases, namely the first-order kinetic (KM≫cm) and zero-order kinetic (cm≫KM) are shown for the prediction of the concentration distribution and the mass transfer rates as a function of the reaction modulus, namely first-order- and the zero-order reactions. It was shown the significant differences of the results obtained by the three different reaction orders.
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Tosti, S., A. Santucci, F. Borgognoni, and M. Incelli. "Design, manufacturing and testing of Pd-membranes and membrane reactors for detritiation processes." In 2015 IEEE 26th Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sofe.2015.7482370.

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Gobina, Edward, and Mohammed Nasir Kajama. "Gas Transport Characteristics in Membrane Reactors for Environmental Applications." In SPE Americas E&P Health, Safety, Security and Environmental Conference. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/163796-ms.

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Battersby, Scott, Victor Rudolph, Mikel Duke, and Joe Diniz Da Costa. "Silica membrane reactors for hydrogen production from water gas shift." In 2006 International Conference on Nanoscience and Nanotechnology. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iconn.2006.340666.

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A., Alfiya, Pranavya J. R., Indu M. S, and Sajithkumar K. J. "Comparative Assessment of Continuous Flow Photocatalytic Oxidation Reactors for Organic Wastewater Degradation." In 6th International Conference on Modeling and Simulation in Civil Engineering. AIJR Publisher, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21467/proceedings.156.20.

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Photocatalysis is an environmentally friendly technique for removing organic pollutants such as dyes, pesticides, etc. The photo reactors could be of the slurry type and fixed bed type. Continuous flow photocatalytic reactors generally are fixed bed-type reactors. Slurry type designs like loop thin-film slurry flat-plate photoreactors, step aeration slurry reactors etc. were also tried out for continuous flow operations. Continuous flow photocatalytic reactors have become one of the most ensuring methods for the treatment of mass water. However, uniform dispersion of the photocatalyst within the wastewater volume is still existing as a challenge. Different reactor designs like immobilized bed reactors (packed bed reactor and fluidized bed reactor), annular reactor with photocatalyst coated on inner/outer cylinder, photocatalytic membrane reactors, tubular reactors, microreactors, etc. are tested for their efficiency. This review tries to provide a generalized comparison of the relative merits and demerits of these reactor designs and immobilization methods on the degradation of organic contaminants.
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Damm, David L., and Andrei G. Fedorov. "Forced Unsteady-State Variable Volume Membrane Reactor: New Scalable Technology for Distributed Hydrogen Production." In ASME 2008 3rd Energy Nanotechnology International Conference collocated with the Heat Transfer, Fluids Engineering, and Energy Sustainability Conferences. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/enic2008-53002.

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Technology for large scale catalytic hydrogen generation from hydrocarbons is quite mature and most reactors are of the fixed catalyst bed-type operated in a steady-state, continuous-flow (CF) regime. However, simple miniaturization of these reactors for portable and distributed applications has proven difficult because of 1) the poor process scale-down, 2) sequential uni-functional design not suitable for miniaturization and system integration, and 3) poor reaction yields due to fundamental mismatch between the time scales of the catalytic chemistry and the transport processes. To address these concerns, we have developed a novel reactor concept which is well suited to be an integral part of onboard fuel processing for the next generation of automobile power plants (or any other small-scale distributed application).
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Lima, Fernando V., Rishi Amrit, Michael Tsapatsis, and Prodromos Daoutidis. "Nonlinear model predictive control of IGCC plants with membrane reactors for carbon capture." In 2013 American Control Conference (ACC). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/acc.2013.6580410.

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Caetano Gomes Ribeiro da Silva, Gabriel, Kleber Marques Lisbôa, Su Jian, Carolina Palma Naveira Cotta, and Renato Machado Cotta. "ASSESSMENT OF DESALINATION VIA MEMBRANE DISTILLATION USING LOW-GRADE WASTE HEAT IN SMALL MODULAR REACTORS." In 19th Brazilian Congress of Thermal Sciences and Engineering. ABCM, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.26678/abcm.encit2022.cit22-0670.

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Atsonios, Kostantinos, Antonios Koumanakos, Kyriakos D. Panopoulos, Aggelos Doukelis, and Emmanuel Kakaras. "Techno-Economic Comparison of CO2 Capture Technologies Employed With Natural Gas Derived GTCC." In ASME Turbo Expo 2013: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2013-95117.

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Carbon Capture and Storage can either concern the removal of carbon as CO2 in flue gases (post-combustion option) or before its combustion in a Gas Turbine (pre-combustion option). Among the numerous CO2 capture technologies, amine scrubbing (MEA and MDEA), physical absorption (Selexol™ and Rectisol™) and H2 separator membrane reactors are investigated and compared in this study. In the pre-combustion options, the final fuel combusted in the GT is a rich-H2 fuel. Process simulations in ASPEN Plus™ showed that the case of H2 separation with Pd-based membranes has the greatest performance as far as the net efficiency of the energy system is concerned. The economic assessment reveals that the technology is promising in terms of cost of CO2 avoided, provided that the current high membrane costs are reduced.
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Mironova, Elena, Alexey Dontsov, Valentin Ievlev, and Andrey Yaroslavtsev. "Methanol Steam Reforming in the Traditional and Membrane Reactors over Pt-Rh/TiO2-In2O3 Catalyst Using Surface-Treated Pd-Cu Foil Membranes." In ECP 2022. Basel Switzerland: MDPI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecp2022-12660.

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Reports on the topic "Membrane reactors"

1

Stuart Nemser, PhD. Novel Catalytic Membrane Reactors. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1063626.

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Buxbaum, Robert. High Flux Metallic Membranes for Hydrogen Recovery and Membrane Reactors. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1126695.

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Kleiner, R. N. Catalytic membrane program novation: High temperature catalytic membrane reactors. Final report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/303973.

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Dr. Y.H. Ma, Dr. W.R. Moser, Dr. A.G. Dixon, Dr. A.M. Ramachandra, Dr. Y. Lu, and C. Binkerd. OXIDATIVE COUPLING OF METHANE USING INORGANIC MEMBRANE REACTORS. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/766717.

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Ferraris, John P. Integrated Water Gas Shift Membrane Reactors Utilizing Novel, Non Precious Metal Mixed Matrix Membrane. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1123836.

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Tsotsis, T. T. High temperature ceramic membrane reactors for coal liquid upgrading. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/7151148.

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Tsotsis, T. T., P. K. T. Liu, and I. A. Webster. High temperature ceramic membrane reactors for coal liquid upgrading. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6765382.

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Gallaher, G., T. Gerdes, and R. Gregg. Development of high temperature catalytic membrane reactors. Final report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/503459.

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Tsotsis, T. T. High temperature ceramic membrane reactors for coal liquid upgrading. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5063709.

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Tsotsis, T. T. High temperature ceramic membrane reactors for coal liquid upgrading. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5221769.

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