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King, Andrew. "‘Membership matters’: applying Membership Categorisation Analysis (MCA) to qualitative data using Computer‐Assisted Qualitative Data Analysis (CAQDAS) Software." International Journal of Social Research Methodology 13, no. 1 (February 2010): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13645570802576575.
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Mohd Nor, Siti Nurbaya. "Constructing ethnic and national identities in talk on Malaysian issues." Discourse & Society 32, no. 1 (October 10, 2020): 3–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0957926520961628.
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This paper examines the connection between ethnic identity, the articulation of these identities through discourse and the ideologies indexed by these identities in the interaction of Malaysian speakers. Based on selected episodes of radio discussions, the study focuses on how speakers identify or self-categorise themselves, in such a way that makes ethnic identity relevant to the discussion. The study draws upon existing literature on types of identities in interactions and membership categorisation analysis (MCA) in investigating how speakers make ethnic identity relevant to the discussion on Malaysian issues through the act of self-categorisation. In the context of these discussions, the membership categorisation device (MCD) ‘Malaysian’ and ethnic identities acquire very specific meanings through the practice of self-categorisation. While some speakers focused on the ethnic culture and traditions, others are more interested in sharing their experiences based on their own ethnic identities and interactions amongst the society. Social issues like dealing with rights and obligations of certain ethnic or social groups and developing one’s sense of ethnic identity, among others, motivate speakers to offer their stance on these issues. In this way, their views and expressions of ethnic identity come to position themselves in terms of these interactional specific roles and identities as Malaysians.
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Määttä, Mirja. "Reforming youth transition support with the multi-agency approach? A case study of the Finnish one-stop guidance centers." Sociologija 61, no. 2 (2019): 277–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/soc1902277m.
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Finland is trying to expedite and support young people?s transition to productive adulthood in various ways. Face-to-face guidance in multi-agency service points, the One-Stop Guidance Centers, has formed a central means for the last three governments. In these centres, a young person under the age of 30 can get help from different professionals in matters related to work, education and everyday life. This study asks how the centres define their tasks and target groups, and how the centres relate to the service reformation. The data consists of peer-learning surveys for the employees of the centres, conducted in 2015, 2016 and 2017.The research approach is inspired by membership categorisation analysis (MCA) pointing out that institutions think and act by means of categories: they produce client classifications and problem definitions, which define their service provision. The data analysis mixes MCA and content analysis. The centres have no dominant administrative sector or profession that would provide the target settings and categorisations to be directly applied in their work. Instead, these are negotiated inter-professionally and locally. The analysis shows that the employees reflect their task against the problems of the old service provision system. The centres want to stand apart from the bureaucratic and siloed service provision system as a youth-centred and holistic service. Developing a new way of working necessarily means questioning the conventional categories of clients and actions. Yet, the possibility to develop the ?new? varies between the professional groups and the geographic areas. The detailed and detached legislation of different administrative branches also delimit it.
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Clifton, Jonathan. "What’s in a name? Names, national identity, assimilation, and the new racist discourse of Marine Le Pen." Pragmatics. Quarterly Publication of the International Pragmatics Association (IPrA) 23, no. 3 (September 1, 2013): 403–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/prag.23.3.02cli.
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Despite the fact that the link between names, national identity, and the (non)assimilation of immigrants into a host country’s culture is often assumed, little research investigates how this link is discursively achieved as an in situ members’ accomplishment, nor does this research describe what the link between assimilation and naming achieves as social practice. Using membership categorisation analysis (MCA) as a research methodology and transcripts of a televised news interview and subsequent news forum comments as data, this paper investigates how national identity is discursively negotiated in political debate in the public sphere. It thus points out how boundaries are drawn around national identity so as to either exclude or include immigrants with ‘foreign-sounding’ names and so investigates how new racism is achieved, or resisted, in political debate. Findings indicate that new racism is achieved through the functioning of adversarial standard relational pairs (SRPs) which make relevant difference rather than similarity.
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Fitzgerald, Richard, William Housley, and Sean Rintel. "Membership Categorisation Analysis. Technologies of social action." Journal of Pragmatics 118 (September 2017): 51–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pragma.2017.07.012.
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Stokoe, Elizabeth. "Moving forward with membership categorization analysis: Methods for systematic analysis." Discourse Studies 14, no. 3 (June 2012): 277–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461445612441534.
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This article has four aims. First, it will consider explicitly, and polemically, the hierarchical relationship between conversation analysis (CA) and membership categorization analysis (MCA). Whilst the CA ‘juggernaut’ flourishes, the MCA ‘milk float’ is in danger of being run off the road. For MCA to survive either as a separate discipline, or within CA as a focus equivalent to other ‘generic orders of conversation’, I suggest it must generate new types of systematic studies and reveal fundamental categorial practices. With such a goal in mind, the second aim of the article is to provide a set of clear analytic steps and procedures for conducting MCA, which are grounded in basic categorial and sequential concerns. Third, the article aims to demonstrate how order can be found in the intuitively ‘messy’ discourse phenomenon of membership categories, and how to approach their analysis systematically as a robust feature of particular action-oriented environments. Through the exemplar analyses, the final aim of the article is to promote MCA as a method for interrogating culture, reality and society, without recourse to its reputed ‘wild and promiscuous’ analytic approach.
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Austin, Helena, and Richard Fitzgerald. "Resisting categorisation." Language as Action 30, no. 3 (January 1, 2007): 36.1–36.13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2104/aral0736.
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In this paper we use membership category analysis to examine the way an interviewee utilises category work in order to resist the possible accusation of being a bad mother and instead posit her mothering as ordinary. Through our analysis we explore the interactional work of ascribing and resisting categorisation organised through claims and counter-claims making procedures routinely grounded in descriptions and accounts, and embedded in shifts between individual and categorial actions.
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Austin, Helena, and Richard Fitzgerald. "Resisting categorisation." Language as Action 30, no. 3 (2007): 36.1–36.13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aral.30.3.07aus.
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In this paper we use membership category analysis to examine the way an interviewee utilises category work in order to resist the possible accusation of being a bad mother and instead posit her mothering as ordinary. Through our analysis we explore the interactional work of ascribing and resisting categorisation organised through claims and counter-claims making procedures routinely grounded in descriptions and accounts, and embedded in shifts between individual and categorial actions.
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Fitzgerald, Richard. "Membership categorization analysis: Wild and promiscuous or simply the joy of Sacks?" Discourse Studies 14, no. 3 (June 2012): 305–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461445612440776.
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The recent resurgence of Sacks’ work on membership categorization has highlighted the growing analytic interest in how members’ social category orientations operate at multiple levels of interactional work. One of the outcomes of this, highlighted in Stokoe’s discussion, is the re-emergence of the question of whether membership categorization analysis (MCA) has been, is, or can be an approach in its own right. In this brief discussion I consider the emergence of ‘MCA’ as an approach to the study of social-knowledge-in-action, the relationship between MCA and contemporary directions in conversation analysis (CA), and finally the future of MCA as it continues to develop.
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Andrade Braga, Adriana, Édison Luis Gastaldo, and Juliana Depiné Alves Guimarães. "Membership Categorization Analysis on Communication Studies: An Essay of Applied Methodology." Brazilian Journalism Research 12, no. 2 (August 28, 2016): 198. http://dx.doi.org/10.25200/bjr.v12n2.2016.879.
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This paper presents a naturalistic methodological perspective applied to the studies of media communications called Membership Categorization Analysis (MCA). Originally developed for classifying and ordering categories within the framework of natural conversation using sequential analysis (the analysis of turn-taking), we present MCA as a promising methodological approach for analysing media discourses due to its context sensitivity, empirical foundations and its view of communication as a social practice that integrates production, distribution and reception to produce meaning.
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Gardner, Rod. "Enriching CA through MCA? Stokoe’s MCA keys." Discourse Studies 14, no. 3 (June 2012): 313–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461445612440772.
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In this commentary on Stokoe’s article, ‘Moving forward with membership categorization analysis’, I take up the challenge to apply her keys for MCA to an extract of conversation recorded in a restaurant. The strengths of conversation analysis have not included – and indeed have not attempted to achieve – successful engagement with beyond-the-immediate-talk aspects of culture and the commonsense workings of society. The aim of the article is to explore what MCA might add to an analysis of a stretch of talk using conversation analytic tools. It was found that a systematic application of the keys did indeed provide a richer account of what was going on. Whereas categories alone did not appear to provide more insights than commonsense can tell us, when the broader array of MCA tools and keys were applied, an enhanced analysis of the passage of talk emerged. An exploration of whether this can be extended as a method for a rigorous investigation of culture and society while still being grounded in participants’ mutual, moment-by-moment orientations to categories seems at the very least worth the serious attention of scholars interested in interaction.
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Radburn, Breigh, and Rachel Horsley. "Gamblers, grinders, and mavericks: The use of membership categorisation to manage identity by professional poker players." Journal of Gambling Issues, no. 26 (December 1, 2011): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4309/jgi.2011.26.4.
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Historically, gambling has varied considerably regarding its moral and social meanings. Whilst frequent gambling is often constructed as deviant, professional poker playing can be argued to occupy the conflicting position of both deviant and legitimate. This study explored how professional poker players negotiate this potentially troubled aspect of their identities. Semistructured interviews were conducted with four men from the United Kingdom who played casino poker. The data were analysed using membership categorization analysis. The following membership categorisations were in use within participants' accounts: gambler, grinder, maverick, and nongambler, as well as the central categorisation of professional poker player. Participants constructed themselves as stigmatised because they were frequent gamblers and poker players. Thus professional poker players utilised membership categorisation to distance themselves from other membership categories, particularly gamblers, which was achieved primarily through claims warranted by reference to skill and control.
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Furukawa, Toshiaki. "Place and membership categorization in a Hawaiian language radio show." Categorization in multilingual storytelling 10, no. 3 (October 22, 2019): 375–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ps.18011.fur.
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Abstract Recent articles by prominent scholars of discourse and interaction have renewed the debate over the relationship between membership categorization analysis (MCA) and conversation analysis (CA). Many consider CA and MCA as mutually informing, and that is the position I take in this paper. MCA has been conducted mainly with monolingual data, but in this study I examine Hawaiian language media talk by multilingual speakers. Place formulation is often intertwined with membership categorization, and I investigate how place is used to categorize people. Taking an MCA approach, I analyze the stories co-constructed by a radio show’s host, guest, and callers, all of whom speak predominantly in Hawaiian but occasionally switch into English. The goals of the paper are twofold: (1) to illustrate the procedural consequentiality of initiating, maintaining, and terminating an “ultra-rich topic” (Sacks 1992: 75), that is, place; and (2) to show how place is used to do categorial work.
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McLay, Katherine F. "Geeks, gamers, and girls: revealing diverse digital identities with membership categorisation analysis." Discourse: Studies in the Cultural Politics of Education 40, no. 6 (April 9, 2018): 946–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01596306.2018.1457625.
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Hall, Matthew, and Brendan Gough. "Magazine and reader constructions of ‘metrosexuality’ and masculinity: a membership categorisation analysis." Journal of Gender Studies 20, no. 1 (March 2011): 67–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09589236.2011.542023.
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Nilan, Pam. "Membership categorization devices under construction." Australian Review of Applied Linguistics 18, no. 1 (January 1, 1995): 69–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aral.18.1.05nil.
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This paper draws upon the sociological tradition of language analysis, specifically Sacks’ work on membership categorisation devices. The paper argues that processes of evaluating and assigning membership of categories within given collectivities may be identified as operating across diverse social contexts. The contexts selected for analysis here include a formal written text, an interview, and a cabaret performance. The participants range from senior University academics to drag queens. It is concluded that the maintenance of social identity boundaries is not just dependent on ‘knowing’ the status of one’s own category membership, but upon accomplishing this membership through the interactional work of hierarchical categorisations in writing and talk.
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Whitehead, Kevin A. "Moving forward by doing analysis." Discourse Studies 14, no. 3 (June 2012): 337–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461445612440779.
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In this article, I address some of the issues for the analysis of categorial features of talk and texts raised by Stokoe’s ‘Moving forward with membership categorization analysis: Methods for systematic analysis’. I begin by discussing a number of points raised by Stokoe, relating to previous conversation analytic work that has addressed categorial matters; the implicit distinction in her article between ‘natural’ and ‘contrived’ data; and ambiguity with respect to the (possible) relevance of categories, in particular practices or utterances. I then discuss how my own previous work could be located in light of Stokoe’s discussion of debates and divergences between conversation analysis (CA) and membership categorization analysis (MCA), and argue that being bound by the integrity of the data on which an analysis is based (Schegloff, 2005) should take precedence over attempting to characterize the analysis as exemplifying either a CA- or MCA-based approach. I conclude by calling for a commitment to doing analysis, and pointing to the value of the resources Stokoe offers in this regard.
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Ferenčík, Milan. "Exercising politeness." Pragmatics. Quarterly Publication of the International Pragmatics Association (IPrA) 17, no. 3 (September 1, 2007): 351–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/prag.17.3.01fer.
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The paper seeks to demonstrate that, first, over the course of interaction in the radio phone-in events, participants display orientation to various aspects of their co-participants´ identities, second, since membership categories emerge and are developed at various sequentially relevant times, membership categorisation processes are closely tied with the event´s sequential organisation, and, third, categorisation bears on politeness aspects of interaction as the participation in the public ´arena´ causes participants´ faces to be constantly at stake. The methodological underpinnings of the paper represent the approaches of Membership Categorisation Analysis and the model of politeness based on the conceptualisation of face. The data are drawn from the corpus of Nočné dialógy (´Night Dialogues´) radio phone-ins broadcast on the Slovak public radio over the period of 1995-2004. The paper further attempts to demonstrate that participants are engaged in category work which sequentially unfolds in the course of the production of phone-in calls. Participants´ progressive involvement in talk is closely linked with the construction of ´layers´ of their categorial identities. The membership category of ´location´ represents the minimum agreed-upon canon of callers´ call-relevant identities. As the category is universally applicable, it bears the least face-threatening potential, for which reason it is used explicitely. In contrast, strategies of non-explicit categorisation, i.e. invoking categories through category-relevant predicates, apply to those topic-relevant categories which carry a significant face-threating ´load´ (e.g. ´family status´, ´political affiliation´, etc.). In summary, sequential organisation and category work are seen as being closely intertwined, with the latter also being employed as a positive and negative politeness strategy.
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Leeman, Mark A. "Book review: Richard Fitzgerald and William Housley (eds), Advances in Membership Categorisation Analysis." Discourse Studies 18, no. 6 (November 16, 2016): 760–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461445616668086a.
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Sokalska-Bennett, Aleksandra. "“Imagine a boy who is adopted by a pair of lesbians (poor little sod)…”." Journal of Language and Sexuality 6, no. 1 (June 17, 2017): 61–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jls.6.1.03sok.
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Abstract The traditional family has always been the preserve of heterosexual couples based on and reinforced by a series of (hetero)normative behaviours. The context of same-gender adoption allows for a reworking of the construct of the modern family and the negotiation of parenting identities moving beyond the traditional system based on gender binarism (Wagner 2014). However, despite legal equality in the areas of adoption and marriage, LGBT people continue to face moral judgement about whether they are suitable parents. Using the insights and methods of membership categorisation analysis (Sacks 1992, Stokoe 2003a, 2003b, 2012), this paper unpacks the ways in which the more conservative parts of the UK’s society construct same-gender parenting as a transgression of the established norms while relying on heteronormative assumptions about categories within the membership categorisation device ‘family’ (Sacks 1992). The paper shows that the gendered meaning ‘locked into place’ (Baker 2000) in those categories is a source of prejudice and a tool to maintain the established heteronormative order.
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Siegel, Aki. "“Oh no, it’s just culture”." Asian Perspectives on English as a Lingua Franca and Identity 26, no. 2 (August 11, 2016): 193–215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/japc.26.2.02sie.
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This study investigates the dynamic identities of an Asian university student engaged in English as a lingua franca (ELF) interactions from a membership categorization analysis (MCA) approach (Sacks, 1972a, 1989). Studies adopting MCA have demonstrated that identity and intercultural membership are co-constructed in ongoing interactions (e.g., Nishizaka, 1999; E. Zimmerman, 2007). Nevertheless, MCA studies have yet to document the multicultural identity of an individual and the ways in which members co-construct their multifaceted identities in naturally occurring non-institutional ELF interactions. The study analyzes interactions between two participants from different Asian countries, Japan and Korea. Approximately three hours of video recorded conversations were collected across four months. In and through the interaction, one of the participants was found utilizing multiple cultural identities to accomplish interactive goals. In addition, “language-form related category-bound activity” was used in constructing these identities. This study challenges the use of predetermined social categories and suggests an organic and interactional approach to identity construction.
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Widdicombe, Sue. "The delicate business of identity." Discourse Studies 19, no. 4 (June 4, 2017): 460–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461445617707011.
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Identity has often been approached by asking questions about it in interviews. However, speakers sometimes reject, resist or modify category membership because of the sensitive inferential and interactional issues invoked. This article aims to provide a systematic analysis of category-eliciting question–answer (Q-A) sequences from a large corpus of Syrian interview data concerning several identities. Using conversation and membership categorisation analysis, four Q-A sequences are identified: minimal confirmation of questions seeking the hearably demographic fact of membership; modifying membership claims in response to factual-type questions by rejecting some not other category-bound attributes; characterising membership as fact and nominating an alternative identity in response to questions about feelings; and, in response to questions seeking confirmation of a category implicated through the prior talk, warranting the denial of membership. The analysis therefore highlights a paradox: asking direct questions about category membership is used to generate talk about the topic of identity that would be difficult to collect otherwise, but this may in turn provide for a reluctance to self-identify, thus making identity a delicate business.
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Ruane, Jean, and Paul Ramcharan. "Grounded theory and membership categorisation analysis: Partner methodologies for establishing social meaning — A research example." Clinical Effectiveness in Nursing 9 (January 2006): e308-e316. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cein.2006.07.001.
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Dillon, Patrick J. "Moral accounts and membership categorization in primary care medical interviews." Communication and Medicine 8, no. 3 (June 29, 2012): 211–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1558/cam.v8i3.211.
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Although the link between health and morality has been well established, few studies have examined how issues of morality emerge and are addressed in primary care medical encounters. This paper addresses the need to examine morality as it is (re)constructed in everyday health care interactions. A Membership Categorisation Analysis of 96 medical interviews reveals how patients orient to particular membership categories and distance themselves from others as a means of accounting (Buttny 1993; Scott and Lyman 1968) for morally questionable health behaviours. More specifically, this paper examines how patients use membership categorisations in order to achieve specific social identity(ies) (Schubert et al. 2009) through two primary strategies: defensive detailing and prioritizing alternative membership categories. Thus, this analysis tracks the emergence of cultural and moral knowledge about social life as it takes place in primary care medical encounters.
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Sagna,, Serge. "Physical properties and culture-specific factors as principles of semantic categorisation of the Gújjolaay Eegimaa noun class system." Cognitive Linguistics 23, no. 1 (February 2012): 129–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cog-2012-0005.
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AbstractThis paper investigates the semantic bases of class membership in the noun class system of Gújjolaay Eegimaa (Eegimaa henceforth), a Niger-Congo and Atlantic language of the BAK group spoken in Southern Senegal. The question of whether semantic principles underlie the overt classification of nouns in Niger-Congo languages is a controversial one. There is a common perception of Niger-Congo noun class systems as being mainly semantically arbitrary. The goal of the present paper is to show that physical properties and culture-specific factors are central principles of semantic categorisation in the Eegimaa noun class system. I argue that the Eegimaa overt grammatical classification of nouns into classes is a semantic categorisation system whereby categories are structured according to prototypicality, family resemblance, metaphorical and metonymic extensions and chaining processes, as argued within the framework of Cognitive Linguistics. I show that the categorisation of entities in the Eegimaa nominal classification system productively makes use of physical properties such as shape as well as using culture-specific, less productive parameters for the semantic categorisation of entities denoted by nouns. The analysis proposed here also shows that the cases of multiple morphosyntactic classifications of nouns reflect multiple conceptual categorisation strategies. A detailed examination of the formal and semantic instances of multiple classification reveals the existence of conceptual correlations between the physical properties and the culture-specific semantic parameters of categorisation used in the Eegimaa noun class system.
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LOSLEVER, PIERRE, KARINE YOUNSI, JEAN-CHRISTOPHE POPIEUL, and PHILIPPE SIMON. "MEMBERSHIP-VALUE-BASED HOMOGENIZATION FOR A DESCRIPTIVE MULTIFACTOR MULTIVARIATE DATA ANALYSIS: EXAMPLE FEATURING QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE TIME VARIABLES IN CAR DRIVING." International Journal of Information Technology & Decision Making 09, no. 06 (November 2010): 979–1007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219622010004123.
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This paper explains the pivotal part played by space windowing within Preliminary Data Analysis originating from MultiFactor and MultiVariate databases (PDA-MFMV). The explanation is based on the general case of a database featuring a hyperparallelepipedic structure in which the directions correspond to the factors and where the measurement variables may be either quantitative or qualitative, temporal or non-temporal, and objective or subjective. The space windowing (SW) approach hereby described in this article is less information reducing than most basic summarizing procedures without windowing using usual statistical indicators. First, the data in each cell of the hyperparallelepiped is transformed into membership values to be averaged over factors, such as time or individuals. Then, several graphic techniques can be made use of in order to investigate membership values. In this paper, Multiple Correspondence Analysis (MCA) has been chosen. A didactic example concerning car driving with four factors and 11 time variables (one being qualitative) is used in order to illustrate the widespread use of the " SW/MCA" pair, fuzzy time windowing being also considered. From the results yielded by this pair, some suggestions about statistical tests are made aiming at a more explanatory analysis. The discussion then weighs out the pros and cons of resorting to space windowing to perform a PDA-MFMV.
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Gibson, Will, and Carles Roca-Cuberes. "Constructing blame for school exclusion in an online comments forum: Membership categorisation analysis and endogenous category work." Discourse, Context & Media 32 (December 2019): 100331. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dcm.2019.100331.
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Housley, William. "Role as an Interactional Device and Resource in Multidisciplinary Team Meetings." Sociological Research Online 4, no. 3 (September 1999): 82–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5153/sro.315.
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During the course of this paper the approaches of Conversation Analysis and Membership Categorisation Analysis are used to investigate and explore team members talk within multidisciplinary social/care team meetings. The paper explores the situated character of role within team meetings and considers the various methods through which team member roles are accomplished, negotiated, contested and used as a resource in the everyday business of making decisions, exchanging information and allocating work within multidisciplinary social/care team meetings. Consequently, traditional conceptualisations of role are respecified in terms of situated action.
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Cavallaro Johnson, Greer. "A Cautionary Tale: A Dialogic Re-reading of a Student Teacher’s Visual Narrative." Narrative Inquiry 11, no. 2 (December 31, 2001): 451–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ni.11.2.09cav.
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In the past, narrative inquiry into teaching has relied mostly on written materials in the form of autobiographies, biographies and personal diaries and journals. This paper changes the focus from the written mode to the visual-verbal by examining one student-teacher’s hand drawn picture book as a representation of her becoming a teacher. The analytic aim is to produce a re-reading of one student teacher’s text that extends and critiques her “common-sense”interpretation. Rather than accepting the teacher-as-author’s intended reading as definitive, this paper seeks a different reading from a social interaction and a political perspective. The re-reading is produced by asking how and what membership categories are being constructed visually-verbally in the telling of the narrative and ultimately, whose interests are being served by the acceptance of a common-sense reading. The analytic aim is achieved by establishing a dialogue between various theories of narrative and membership categorization analysis and critical discourse analysis so as to arrive at an increasingly critical understanding of student teacher narrative reflection. (Narrative theory and analysis, Membership categorisation analysis, Critical discourse analysis, Teacher reflection, Visual narrative)
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Sandhu, Priti. "Constructing desirable brides." Categorization in multilingual storytelling 10, no. 3 (October 22, 2019): 399–422. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ps.18014.san.
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Abstract This paper utilizes Membership Categorization Analysis (MCA) and Conversation Analysis (CA) to examine the entwined relationships among interaction, storytelling, and membership categorization. While demonstrating how a storytelling event in a qualitative research interview and the categories constructed within it are skillfully wielded by the teller to meet interactional exigencies, this single case analysis shows how members do culture-in-action (Hester and Eglin 1997) related to arranged marriage negotiations in the Indian context. A close examination of the emic categories produced in the interview reveals how the interactants collaboratively co-construct the social structures surrounding arranged marriages and the notion of ‘desirable’ brides. Illustrating the salience of medium-of-education (MoE) in these emic constructions of desirable brides, the analysis reveals the marginalization of Hindi-medium-educated (HME) women in the arranged marriage sphere.
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D’hondt, Sigurd. "Analyzing equivalences in discourse." Pragmatics. Quarterly Publication of the International Pragmatics Association (IPrA) 23, no. 3 (September 1, 2013): 421–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/prag.23.3.03hon.
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Facing a crucial leap from political philosophy to empirical analysis, the approach to discourse analysis that arose in the aftermath of Laclau and Mouffe (1985), and that is currently known as the Essex school of discourse theory (DT), has in recent years repeatedly been accused of suffering from a methodological deficit. This paper examines to what extent membership categorization analysis (MCA), a branch of ethnomethodology that investigates lay actors’ situated descriptions-in-context as practical activity, can play a part in rendering poststructuralist DT notions such as articulation and equivalence analytically tangible in empirically observable discourse. Based on a review of Laclau and Mouffe’s foundational text as well as on Glynos and Howarth’s recent exposition of the framework (2007), it is argued that MCA empirically substantiates many poststructuralist claims about the indeterminacy of signification. However, MCA consistently falters - and willingly so - at the point where DT would articulate emerging equivalences between identity categories as part of a second-order explanatory concept, such as Glynos and Howarth’s notion of political logic. Nevertheless, MCA also contains the kernel of an “endogenous” notion of the political that comes fairly close to DT’s all-pervasive understanding of the concept. To support these arguments, a variety of empirical sources are mobilized, ranging from the transcript of a political talk show, a newspaper report regarding a discrimination case in a dance class, to data drawn from earlier research on the way that minority members are treated by the Belgian criminal justice system.
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Ylänne, Virpi, and Pirjo Nikander. "Being an ‘older parent’: Chrononormativity and practices of stage of life categorisation." Text & Talk 39, no. 4 (July 26, 2019): 465–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/text-2019-2036.
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Abstract This article investigates the discursive practices of older first-time parents in interview interaction. Our focus is on the ways in which cultural notions surrounding the timing of parenthood are mobilised, and how speakers orient to potential discrepancies between the category ‘parent’ and their own stage of life (SOL) or age category. The data corpus comprises qualitative interviews with 15 heterosexual couples and individuals in the UK who became parents between the ages of 35–57 years. Examining reproductive biographical talk at midlife at a time when the average age of first time parents is rising and delayed parenting is increasing across Western countries provides a testing ground for the analysis of norms concerning the ‘right time’ of lifetime transitions, and age-appropriateness more generally. Inspired by Elizabeth Freeman’s notion of ‘chrononormativity’, our analysis demonstrates that ‘older parents’ engage in considerable discursive work to bridge temporal aspects of their parenthood. Moreover, we show how the notion of chrononormativity can be theoretically and empirically elaborated through the adoption of membership categorisation and discourse analysis. In explicating how taken-for-granted, temporal notions of lifespan events are mobilised, our findings contribute to research on age-in-interaction, social identity and categorisation, and on the methodology for analysing the discursive age-order and chrononormativity more broadly.
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Hunter, Sarah C., Damien W. Riggs, and Rebecca Feo. "Australian news media constructions and categorisations of primary caregiving fathers." Discourse & Society 30, no. 6 (August 15, 2019): 622–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0957926519870045.
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Increasing cultural and academic attention is being paid to fathers who assume the primary caregiving role, stemming from interest into whether contemporary masculinity is evolving away from traditional, hegemonic ideals. This study utilises a Discourse Analysis informed by Membership Categorisation Analysis to explore how this relatively new category – primary caregiving father – is discursively constructed in 193 Australian newsprint media articles. The analysis identified that the category of ‘primary caregiving father’ was defended and discursively managed so as to remain consistent with the activities and predicates typically associated with the category ‘normative man’. This was routinely achieved in two ways. First, descriptions of traditional uninvolved fathers were contrasted unfavourably against the ‘new’ primary caregiving father, working to position primary caregiving fathers as the new norm. Second, accounts of men’s decision to take on the primary caregiving role routinely relied on the category-tied predicates of rationality and stoicism, thereby working to position primary caregiving fathers as normatively masculine. Overall, this article concludes that, despite fathers taking on roles inconsistent with normative gendered categorisation, constructions of fatherhood in news media routinely work to align (or re-align) primary caregiving fathers within hegemonic ideals. Therefore, while masculinity is evolving and shifting, it remains within the bounds of what is considered hegemonic.
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Ikeda, Keiko. "Identity and naturally occurring interaction: An interview with Elizabeth Stokoe." Language Teacher 34.3 34, no. 3 (May 1, 2010): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.37546/jalttlt34.3-3.
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Dr. Elizabeth Stokoe is one of Europe’s foremost authorities on identity-in-interaction. Although her work does not focus on foreign language learning contexts per se, many scholars and students of identity in Japan are familiar with her 2006 book Discourse and Identity, co-authored with Dr. Bethan Benwell, and her qualitative yet strongly empirical approach to documenting identity-in-interaction through Conversation Analysis (CA) and Membership Categorization Analysis (MCA). Dr. Stokoe is Professor of Social Interaction in the Department of Social Sciences, Loughborough University. She was interviewed by Keiko Ikeda
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Fukuda, Chie. "Identities and linguistic varieties in Japanese." Pragmatics. Quarterly Publication of the International Pragmatics Association (IPrA) 24, no. 1 (March 1, 2014): 35–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/prag.24.1.02fuk.
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This study explores categorization processes of people (identities) and language (linguistic varieties) in interactions between L1 (first language) and L2 (second language) speakers of Japanese and the language ideologies behind them. Utilizing Conversation Analysis (CA) in combination with Membership Categorization Analysis (MCA), the present study focuses on how participants apply these categories to self and other where identities and language ideologies emerge in the sequences of ordinary conversations. The study also illuminates how the participants react to such ideologies, which is rarely documented in previous studies of L2 Japanese interactions. It is controversial to use CA and MCA as methodologies for inquiries into ideology due to different epistemological and theoretical frameworks. Yet, joining the emerging trend of CA studies that address ideological issues, this study will also demonstrate the compatibility between them. Methodological integration of CA and MCA has been proposed since the 1970s, but has started to be adopted only recently. Because few studies employ this combination in the area of language ideologies, it serves as a novel analytic tool in this body of research. Thus, this study makes a methodological contribution to the study of language ideologies, illustrating the production of language ideologies and reactions to it as participants’ accomplishments.
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Tennent, Emma. "‘Do you think it’s a crime?’ Building joint understanding of victimisation in calls for help." Discourse & Society 30, no. 6 (August 14, 2019): 636–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0957926519870040.
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Society has a moral obligation to help victims, but who is recognised as a victim is a contentious issue. Social interaction is a key site where shared understandings of victimisation are built. This article analyses calls to a Victim Support helpline using conversation analysis and membership categorisation analysis. Callers described experiences of crimes to account for requesting help. Call-takers claimed the rights to describe and assess callers’ experiences in terms of institutional constraints. Call-takers disavowed the category crime to deny callers’ requests and ascribed the category crime to accountably offer help. Participants negotiated their respective rights to describe callers’ experiences and determine the kind of help needed. The analyses demonstrate how participants’ different understandings of victimisation were consequential for the delivery or withholding of support.
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Terkourafi, Marina, Chryso Hadjidemetriou, and Alexandra Vasilopoulou. "Introducing Greek Conversation Analysis." Journal of Greek Linguistics 10, no. 2 (2010): 157–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156658410x531366.
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AbstractAlthough conversation analysis (CA) has been widely employed in different languages, its application to Greek talk-in-interaction is still quite limited. For this reason, in our introduction we summarise briefly the foundations of CA and present international and Greek CA bibliography on different areas of analysis in a manner that will be accessible to conversation analysts of various interests but also to researchers who are new to the field. We begin by outlining the foundations of CA and then offer a brief background to its development and its relationship to other disciplines. The empirical basis of CA is stressed by focussing on the process of collecting and transcribing data for CA and the method and units of analysis. We also give background information on the main CA areas of analysis (grammar-and-interaction, prosody, narrative analysis, institutional interaction, feminist CA, membership categorisation analysis, multimodal interaction). Finally, we present a brief overview of past studies of Greek talk-in-interaction and conclude with a summary of the articles of the Special Issue. By placing the emphasis on the fine-grained, turn-by-turn analysis, its ethnomethodological underpinnings and the understanding of social action, our aim is to set the tone for this Special Issue and to encourage future study of Greek conversational data and cross-cultural comparisons.
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Tanner, Denise. "Opening communicative space: what do co-researchers contribute?" Qualitative Research 19, no. 3 (April 17, 2018): 292–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468794118770076.
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Current participatory research literature describes different approaches to involving service users in research, draws out lessons to be learned from the process and begins to address the difficult question of the impact of service user involvement on the research outcomes. However, very limited attention has been given to analysing in detail ‘what goes on’ in interviews carried out by service users or considering what difference their interactions make to the interview content and process. This article draws on principles of conversation analysis (CA) and member categorisation analysis (MCA) to examine how co-researchers and participants practically accomplish research interviews. Using Habermas’s distinction between communicative and strategic action as a framework, the article addresses the questions of whether and how co-researchers open communicative space in semi-structured interviews. Two dimensions are highlighted in the analysis: co-researchers’ interviewing skills and their ability to forge connections with participants. It is concluded that both components are necessary to open communicative space and generate co-produced knowledge. This detailed empirically-grounded analysis of co-researcher/participant interactions is both innovative and significant in enhancing understanding of co-researcher contributions to participatory research.
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Gibson, William J. "Homeopathy, Western medicine and the discourse of evidence: Negotiating legitimacy in a public online forum." Current Sociology 66, no. 7 (May 22, 2018): 1013–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011392118776354.
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This article reports on the analysis of an online forum on the UK’s National Health Service website where participants debated the provision of homeopathy as publicly funded medical treatment. Using membership categorisation analysis, the article looks at how members negotiated a category distinction between homeopathy and ‘orthodox Western medicine’, focusing on the discursive resources that the participants drew on to position each other and the website itself in moral terms. This analysis contributes to our understanding of the institutionalisation of complementary and alternative medicine by demonstrating the strong polarisation of views that are present in the public domain, and the ways that public institutions become held accountable to ideologies of evidence and choice. In this way, the study adds to our growing knowledge about public engagement in pluralistic healthcare systems, showing further the limitations of the ‘rational choice’ assumptions that underlie pluralism.
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Puorideme, Dennis. "Examining Ghana’s Cash Transfer Programme Outcomes in the Ejisu-Juaben Municipality from Conversation and Membership Categorisation Analyses Perspectives." Ghana Journal of Development Studies 18, no. 1 (May 27, 2021): 120–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/gjds.v18i1.6.
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Since the start of cash transfer programmes in developing countries in the late 1990s and its spread, studies have demonstrated a variety of outcomes comprising education, health, and nutrition for the poorest households. These studies focused on macro analysis of programmes’ outcomes but paid little attention to an indepth micro study of the everyday intersubjective accounts and actions of local community focal persons and caregivers, which construct programme outcomes. The objective of this study is to highlight the everyday concrete outcomes of a cash transfer programme in Ejisu-Juaben Municipality in Ghana. This study draws on Foucault’s notion of subjectivation and discourse to construct a conversation and membership categorisation analyses framework to explore community focal persons’ and female caregivers’ conversations from focus group discussions. The Livelihood Empowerment against Poverty cash transfer programme in Ghana is the empirical case. This article demonstrates that caregivers and poor households arehappier, practice joint decision-making, and have cohesive social relations in poor households. Thus, localised programme outcomes improved participation in the decision-making, happiness, and social cohesion of beneficiary poor households. Evaluation mechanisms for programme outcomes could consider the everyday intersubjective accounts, practices of focal persons, caregivers/beneficiaries in poor households at the micro-level.
Keywords: Social Protection, Ethnography, Discourse, Subjectivation, Governmentality
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Freebody, Kelly, and Kelly Freebody. "Talking drama into being: types of talk in drama classrooms." Exchanges: The Interdisciplinary Research Journal 1, no. 1 (October 1, 2013): 91–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.31273/eirj.v1i1.76.
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This paper explores the structure of talk in drama classrooms, particularly the ways students and teachers use different kinds of talk to achieve their classroom work and construct shared moral reasoning as the basis of their practical educational activities. The data and discussion presented here bring together the curricular setting of educational drama and the methodological setting of Conversation Analysis and Membership Categorisation Analysis. The transcripts and analyses emerged from a larger study that sought to explore the particular ways students interacted within process drama lessons dealing with future life prospects and pathways. The identification of three distinct kinds of talk has significance for education scholars, teacher-educators and teacher-practitioners as it has the potential to enable a more detailed awareness of the structure of classroom practice and the particular ways students engage with significant ideas in classroom settings.
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Housley, William, and Richard Fitzgerald. "Moral Discrepancy and Political Discourse: Accountability and the Allocation of Blame in a Political News Interview." Sociological Research Online 8, no. 2 (May 2003): 18–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5153/sro.795.
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During the course of this article we intend to explore some issues surrounding government policy and actions and the moral organisation of political discourse surrounding the recent enquiry into the BSE crisis and the publication of the Phillips Report in the UK. More specifically, we wish to develop the concept of moral discrepancy and it's use in politically accountable settings, in this case the political interview. The paper, through the use of membership categorisation analysis, explores issues surrounding the social organisation of interview settings, the discursive management of policy decisions and ‘bureaucratic mistakes’ and the allocation of blame in situated media/political formats. The paper then relates these issues to notions of democracy-in-action, public ethics and the respecification of structure and agency as a members phenomenon.
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McLay, Katherine Frances, and Peter David Renshaw. "Making ‘us’ visible: Using membership categorisation analysis to explore young people's accomplishment of collective identity‐in‐interaction in relation to digital technology." British Educational Research Journal 46, no. 1 (August 2, 2019): 44–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/berj.3565.
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Greer, Tim. "Accomplishing multiethnic identity in mundane talk." Pragmatics. Quarterly Publication of the International Pragmatics Association (IPrA) 22, no. 3 (September 1, 2012): 371–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/prag.22.3.02gre.
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This paper examines identity-related interaction in a group of teenagers at an international school in Japan, focusing particularly on the discursive accomplishment of multiethnic identity among so-called half-Japanese (or “haafu”) people. The study employs Conversation Analysis (CA) and Membership Categorization Analysis (MCA) to document three instances of mundane talk in which such multiethnic Japanese teenagers are ethnified through the use of various identity categories and their associated activities and attributes. The analysis demonstrates that multiethnic people use a variety of discursive practices to refute unwanted ethnification, including reworking the category, casting themselves in a different category and refusing to react to category-based provocations. Common to all three cases is the fundamental issue of how ethnicity becomes a resource for speakers in everyday conversation.
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Lee, Tuck Leong. "Interculturality in Interfaith Dialogue." International Journal of Bias, Identity and Diversities in Education 6, no. 1 (January 2021): 78–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijbide.2021010106.
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The study of interfaith dialogues stands to gain from a discourse analysis approach towards interculturality, given how, as a concept, interculturality emphasises non-essentialist identities and cultures in deep inter-subjective engagement. Such an approach allows researchers to examine interfaith dialogues as activities where the melding and blending of identity and cultural resources are actions directed towards various accomplishments, constrained by the institutional expectations of how dialogues are done. This article proposes using an analytic tool which draws upon 'membership categorisation devices' (from ethnomethodology) as specific 'mental space' conceptual packages (from cognitive linguistics), and takes a more telescopic view of how as conceptual packages, these devices interact in 'mental space conceptual integration' or 'conceptual blends' (from cognitive linguistics). One excerpt of a short conversation between a facilitator of an interfaith seminar and a Muslim Imam (religious teacher) is analysed in-depth.
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Clifton, Jonathan. "A Membership Categorization Analysis of the Waco Siege: Perpetrator-Victim Identity as a Moral Discrepancy Device for ‘Doing’ Subversion." Sociological Research Online 14, no. 5 (November 2009): 38–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5153/sro.2002.
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This paper seeks to build on previous work on the doing of politics as a members’ practice. More specifically, it seeks to add to the growing work on perpetrator-victim identities by explicating how perpetrator identity is projected from individuals to the morally self-organized group ‘the government’, and so, in this way, subversion is achieved. Using membership categorization analysis (MCA) as a research methodology and data of naturally-occurring talk-in-interaction taken from recordings of the negotiations between the FBI and David Koresh during the Waco siege, this paper explicates how Koresh invokes perpetrator-victim identities to ‘do’ subversion. Findings indicate that this is achieved through his self-avowal of victim identity and consequent ascription of perpetrator identity to the FBI agents. Through this category work, Koresh is able to set up a moral discrepancy between the de jure rights and responsibilities of law enforcement officers and de facto actions of the FBI agents. This identity work is then transferred to the government which becomes an integral, rather than incidental, part of the interaction. In this way, Koresh does subversion and is able to turn the world upside down by proposing a revolutionary theocratic, rather than democratic, moral order.
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Porsché, Yannik. "Reluctant collaboration in community policing. How police team up with youth prior to 1st of May demonstrations in Germany." Discourse Studies 23, no. 1 (July 30, 2020): 67–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461445620942908.
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Based on a 3-year ethnography on crime prevention of the police in Germany, this article analyses how the police incorporate youth in their de-escalation work preceding an annual demonstration on the 1st of May. A multimodal conversation analysis of work meetings traces how membership categorisation and assumption of social responsibility change: over the course of several months the police turn initially reluctant youth who the police at the outset considered ‘troublemakers’ into their ‘helpers’. They build an alliance by working with youth centres, influential people from the neighbourhood and participants of the previous year’s project. Whereas the police are the driving force at the beginning of the project, on the day of the demonstration they remain in the background and merely supervise the youth. This sequential development is discussed as a precarious process of disciplining the youth, driving the formation of a neighbourhood community and encouraging political consensus in society.
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Clifton, Jonathan. "Justifying the jihad." Journal of Language and Politics 16, no. 3 (April 12, 2017): 453–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jlp.15014.cli.
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Abstract Islamic terrorism is arguably the biggest threat that western democracies are now facing. Using Membership Categorisation Analysis as a research methodology and transcripts of the recordings of the negotiations between law enforcement agencies and Mohammed Merah, a self-professed Islamic terrorist, the purpose of this paper is to analyse how an Islamic terrorist accounts for committing terrorist attacks. Taking an ethnomethodological stance, the analyses are rooted in Merah’s own practical reasoning, made visible through his identity work and the way in which he accounts for his actions and renders them intelligible as an act of Islamic terror. Findings indicate that Merah’s identity work points to a dichotomous (us and them) version of a religious and political world order in which an imagined de-territorialised Muslim community (the ummah) is being defended against the aggression of western democracies. Defence of this imagined community justifies global terrorist attacks against the enemies of Islam.
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Fitzgerald, Richard, and Joanna Thornborrow. "‘I’m a Scouser’." Journal of Language and Politics 16, no. 1 (April 25, 2017): 40–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jlp.16.1.03fit.
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Abstract Despite the emergence of newer forms of web-based political engagement, radio phone-ins continue to have a significant role in the enactment of the democratic process, providing a live forum for direct encounters between members of the public and politicians, beyond the professional forms of mediated encounters between studio journalists and politicians. In this paper, drawing on data from the BBC’s 2015 phone-in Election Call, we use Membership Categorisation Analysis to examine the ways in which political engagement is configured within this forum in the run up to the UK General Election in 2015. In particular, we examine how callers and politicians engage in live political debate through transforming personal experiences into politicised social categories. What emerges most significantly here is that, whereas in previous Election Call series participants configured political categories through personal social identities, in 2015 there is a particular emphasis on callers’ geographical locations as political categories.
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Ploettner, Joan Catherine. "EMI teacher and student identities and linguistic practices." Journal of Immersion and Content-Based Language Education 7, no. 1 (February 28, 2019): 115–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jicb.18002.plo.
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Abstract Although the incorporation of English Medium Instruction (EMI) in multilingual higher education institutions is widely accepted, it may be a source of tension for university professors for whom English is an additional language, particularly when both teacher and students share an L1 other than English. A need exists to examine how linguistic attributes of EMI are interpreted and executed by participants. This study focuses on dialogue between a content specialist and a language specialist during an EMI teacher development partnership at a multilingual Catalan university. Membership Category Analysis (MCA) explores the categories made relevant in interaction, category associated features and responsibilities, and their procedural relevance within the interaction. The article focuses on results relating to the emerging identities of EMI classroom participants and related linguistic attributes. The results shed light on tensions relating to language use in EMI, and may inform EMI teacher development processes and classroom language policy.