Relevant bibliographies by topics / MELTING CHARGE

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'MELTING CHARGE'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 25 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "MELTING CHARGE"

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Yamada, Ikuya, Hidenobu Etani, Makoto Murakami, Naoaki Hayashi, Takateru Kawakami, Masaichiro Mizumaki, Shigenori Ueda, et al. "Charge-Order Melting in Charge-Disproportionated Perovskite CeCu3Fe4O12." Inorganic Chemistry 53, no. 21 (October 21, 2014): 11794–801. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ic502138v.

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Vasiliu-Doloc, L., S. Rosenkranz, R. Osborn, S. K. Sinha, J. W. Lynn, J. Mesot, O. H. Seeck, G. Preosti, A. J. Fedro, and J. F. Mitchell. "Charge Melting and Polaron Collapse inLa1.2Sr1.8Mn2O7." Physical Review Letters 83, no. 21 (November 22, 1999): 4393–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.83.4393.

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Cohen, Joel, and Andrew Ford. "Charge Melting of Liposome Colloidal Crystals." Biophysical Journal 116, no. 3 (February 2019): 507a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2018.11.2738.

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Kobayashi, Hisao, Yutaka Kazekami, Nobuhiko Sakai, Yasuo Ohishi, Makoto Shirakawa, and Aakira Ochiai. "Pressure-induced melting of charge order in Eu4As3without structural change." Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 20, no. 41 (September 18, 2008): 415217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/20/41/415217.

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Yamada, Ikuya, and et al et al. "ChemInform Abstract: Charge-Order Melting in Charge-Disproportionated Perovskite CeCu3Fe4O12." ChemInform 46, no. 2 (December 19, 2014): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.201502017.

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Guloyan, Yu A., K. S. Katkova, T. I. Balandina, and A. G. Belyaeva. "Charge redox characteristics and container-glass melting." Glass and Ceramics 47, no. 11 (November 1990): 415–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00677522.

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Rapacioli, Mathias, Nathalie Tarrat, and Fernand Spiegelman. "Melting of the Au20Gold Cluster: Does Charge Matter?" Journal of Physical Chemistry A 122, no. 16 (March 23, 2018): 4092–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpca.7b12522.

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Makarov, A. N., M. K. Galicheva, and A. V. Kuznetsov. "Changing the Arc Efficiency during Melting of a Charge in Arc Steel Melting Furnaces." Materials Science Forum 870 (September 2016): 441–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.870.441.

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The article presents the results stemming from the calculation of the arc efficiency of arc steel melting furnaces during melting of scrap and metallized pellets. Furnaces that use metallized pellets are characterized by less arc efficiency and a higher electric energy consumption than similar pellet furnaces. The calculation results are confirmed by experimental investigations of energy balances of arc steel melting furnaces during melting of scrap and metallized pellets.
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Sigarev, E., Y. Lobanov, S. Semiryagin, and A. Pohvalitiy. "MODELING THE MELTING OF SCRAP METAL OF DIFFERENT DENSITY IN A BOF SMELTING." Collection of scholarly papers of Dniprovsk State Technical University (Technical Sciences) 2, no. 37 (April 23, 2021): 3–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.31319/2519-2884.37.2020.1.

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The results of mathematical modeling process of melting scrap metal in the bath of an oxygen converter are presented. The influence relative amount of scrap metal in the charge of oxygen-converter smelting and its density on dynamics bath temperature during melting, slag oxidation and liquid metal yield was studied. It is shown that due to change in the shape of scrap metal during its melting, the classical approach to determining the reactive surface area of ​​the latter needs to be clarified.Mathematical descriptions of scrap metal melting in converter smelting by linear dependence and using fourth degree polynomials, which take into account the influence of initial and current carbon concentration in the bath, are offered. The influence of density and fraction of scrap metal, which is a part of metal charge, on duration of its melting in bath of oxygen converter, content iron oxides in slag, temperature mode process and yield liquid metal is investigated. It is shown that increasing mass of scrap metal in the metal charge to 40%, in the absence of its preheating, significantly changes the appearance both the oxidation curves of carbon and the dynamics of the bath temperature in the initial period melting.The latter may be due to the preservation active surface area of ​​scrap metal as its mass changes. Additional heat consumption for melting an increased amount preheated («cold») scrap metal leads to a decrease in the temperature of the liquid bath, which confirms the feasibility using the technology melting with preheating an increased amount of scrap.It is shown that from the point of view ensuring the rational course of converter smelting it is expedient to use equal shares heavy and lightweight scrap metal, regardless of the share latter in the metal charge. In the case using, under the considered conditions, «cold» scrap metal, the maximization yield of liquid metal is provided at the amount scrap up to 22% of the total mass metal charge.
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Lan, X. K., J. M. Khodadadi, P. D. Jones, and L. Wang. "Numerical Study of Melting of Large-Diameter Crystals Using an Orbital Solar Concentrator." Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 117, no. 2 (May 1, 1995): 67–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2870868.

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The melting of large-diameter crystals using an orbital solar concentrator is studied numerically. In the proposed configuration, a parabolic dish imaging concentrator is used to focus the sun’s radiation onto an ampoule which holds the solid charge material to be processed. The charge will start melting in the vicinity of the focal height, after which it is translated in order for the melt to resolidify as a single crystal. A ray-trace method has been developed to determine the incident concentrated solar heat flux on the ampoule’s surface for both perfectly aligned and misaligned configurations. For the perfectly aligned charge, a transient two-dimensional conduction problem with phase change is formulated, whereas once the perfect alignment of the charge’s symmetry axis with the sun’s incoming ray is perturbed, the problem becomes three-dimensional due to the complex surface heat flux boundary condition. The commercial code FIDAP is used to solve the governing transport equation. By ignoring the participation of the ampoule in the heat transfer process, preliminary results highlighting the feasibility of growing GaAs, Ge, and Si crystals with diameters of the order of 20 cm using the orbital solar concentrator concept are presented. The transient temperature fields within various charge materials during the heat-up process are quantified. The resulting melting pattern within the charge due to the uncolumnated beam is observed to be uniform along the charge when compared to the idealized limiting case of columnated beams. Finally, the effect of the misalignment angle on the melting process is quantified.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "MELTING CHARGE"

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Chavez, Cervantes Mariana [Verfasser], and Isabella [Akademischer Betreuer] Gierz. "Photo-Carrier Dynamics and Photo-Induced Melting of Charge Density Waves in Indium Wires / Mariana Chavez Cervantes ; Betreuer: Isabella Gierz." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1212585143/34.

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Nduwimana, Alexis. "Confinement effect on semiconductor nanowires properties." Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/19865.

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Thesis (Ph.D)--Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008.
Committee Chair: Chou, Mei-Yin; Committee Member: First,Phillip; Committee Member: Gao, Jianping; Committee Member: Landman, Uzi; Committee Member: wang, Xiao-Qian.
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Khillarkar, Dipendra B. "Melting of a phase change material in horizontal annuli." Thesis, McGill University, 1998. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=21307.

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Numerical experiments were carried out to determine tube geometries for more efficient thermal storage. A finite element simulation code developed earlier, which solves the two dimensional governing conservation equations was employed to examine the thermal performance of horizontal annuli of the following configurations: (a) Square external tube with a circular tube inside---Annulus Type A; (b) Circular external tube with a square tube inside---Annulus Type B. Effects of the Rayleigh number as well as heating of the inside, outside or both walls at a temperature above the melting point of the material were studied. Flow and temperature patterns within the melt, local heat flux distributions at the heating surface and the cumulative energy charged as a function of time are presented and discussed.
To enhance the heat transfer rate during melting in horizontal annular containers various innovative passive methods were examined. Eccentric annular configurations are identified as superior to concentric tubular geometries due to the vertically upward orientation of the buoyancy force in the melt phase at higher Rayleigh numbers. In addition to this the effect of flipping the container at pre-selected times after initiation of melting as a measure to increase the heat transfer rate during the last stage of the melting process is also examined and discussed.
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Khillarkar, Dipendra B. "Melting of a phase change material in horizontal annuli." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape8/PQDD_0025/MQ50629.pdf.

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Gong, Zhen-Xiang. "Time-dependent melting and freezing heat transfer in multiple phase change materials." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=42043.

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Based on an analysis of the causes of non-convergence in the effective heat capacity methods a new conservative effective heat capacity method is developed for general phase change heat transfer problems. Numerical experiments verified the accuracy and efficiency of the new method.
A multi-layer phase change material (PCM) heat transfer module is proposed for latent heat energy storage. Cyclic heat transfer in the module was modelled using the finite element technique. A parametric study was performed to investigate the energy charge/discharge rates for the new design.
A second-law thermodynamic analysis was carried out for thermal energy storage using multiple PCMs. The exergy efficiency of energy storage units using two, three as well as five different PCMs was analyzed and compared with that using a single PCM.
A novel cone-cylinder design configuration is proposed for a shell-and-tube latent heat energy storage exchanger. A finite element model was developed to simulate the coupled convection and cyclic melting/freezing phase change heat transfer occurring outside the tube. The advantages of the new configuration are examined and discussed with the help of numerical experiments. Following the new design configuration a novel multi-exchanger energy storage system is proposed. Finite element simulation results validated and extended the thermodynamic analytical results.
A new solar thermal storage unit using multiple PCMs was proposed and analyzed by a finite element model. A parametric study was carried out to investigate the advantages of the new design when compared with conventional single PCM designs.
Finally, a finite element model for melting and freezing heat transfer including free convection in the melt region was developed. The streamline upwind/Petrov-Galerkin method was employed to enhance both the stability and accuracy of the numerical solution. Using this finite element model simulations were carried out for melting of a PCM in a rectangular cavity heated from below. Flow patterns and local heat flux distributions at the heating surface are presented and discussed. In addition, melting of a PCM in a rectangular cavity with an isothermal vertical wall was simulated. To enhance the heat transfer rate during the last stage of the melting process, inverting the PCM container is shown to be an effective technique; this idea was examined with a parametric study.
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Gong, Zhen-Xiang. "Time-dependent melting and freezing heat transfer in multiple phase change materials." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/NQ29948.pdf.

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Yang, Jia. "Melting and solidification models and thermal characteristics of microencapsulated phase change materials." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2013. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/58140/.

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Microencapsulated phase change material (MPCM) as a new thermal energy storage material and a heat transfer medium have attracted considerable attention in the thermal energy storage field. Solidification and melting models of a single PCM particle are constructed in this thesis. An effective numerical method for the problem of a spherical particle with a moving boundary was developed and validated by an iterative analytical series solution. A new liquid-solid interface model was proposed for modelling the effect of binary phase composition on the solidification of an alloy and a mixture PCM particle based on solid fraction. A full two-phase melting model of differentlysized micro/nano particles was also built. The initial melting point of particles is defined and depends on the minimum melting temperature of particles measured by DSC, the particle size and the Gibbs-Thomson equation. The model can predict the melting time of micro-particles flowing in a heat transfer channel, which agrees with the group melting behaviour of MPCM as observed by experiments. A test rig was built to explore the melting heat transfer behaviour of microcapsule phase change slurry (MPCS) flowing through a circular tube for a given constant heat flux. DPNT06-0182 slurries were investigated on the test rig. The experimental results indicate that the flow rate is a key factor in determining heat transfer coefficients of slurries. For the same energy efficiency, and in the situation of low flow rate and phase change, the pressure drop and local heat transfer coefficients of 10% DPNT slurry are lower compared with water, but the most heat energy is stored during the passage through the heated test section. However, in the case of high flow rates and no phase change, the local heat transfer coefficients of 10% DPNT slurry are higher with comparison to water under turbulent flows.
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Wright, Sarah Kelly. "Melting Marvels: Tourist Responses to Climate Change and Glacial Melt in the Peruvian Andes." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1243370470.

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Wei, Xiupeng. "Multiscale modeling and simulation of material phase change problems: ice melting and copper crystallization." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2010. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/904.

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The primary objective of this work is to propose a state-of-the-art physics based multiscale modeling framework for simulating material phase change problems. Both ice melting and copper crystallization problems are selected to demonstrate this multiscale modeling and simulation. The computational methods employed in this thesis include: classical molecular dynamics, finite element method, phase-field method, and multiscale (nano/micro coupling) methods. Classical molecular dynamics (MD) is a well-known method to study material behaviors at atomic level. Due to the limit of MD, it is not realistic to provide a complete molecular model for simulations at large length and time scales. Continuum methods, including finite element methods, should be employed in this case. In this thesis, MD is employed to study phase change problems at the nanoscale. In order to study material phase change problems at the microscale, a thermal wave method one-way coupling with the MD and a phase-field method one-way coupling with MD are proposed. The thermal wave method is more accurate than classical thermal diffusion for the study of heat transfer problems especially in crystal based structures. The second model is based on the well-known phase-field method. It is modified to respond to the thermal propagation in the crystal matrix by the thermal wave method, as well as modified to respond to temperature gradients and heat fluxes by employing the Dual-Phase-Lag method. Both methods are coupled with MD to obtain realistic results. It should be noted that MD simulations can be conducted to obtain material/thermal properties for microscopic and/or macroscopic simulations for the purpose of hierarchical/sequential multiscale modeling. These material parameters include thermal conductivity, specific heat, latent heat, and relaxation time. Other type of interfacial parameters that occur during the phase change process, such as nucleus shape, interfacial energy, interfacial thickness, etc., are also obtained by MD simulation since these have so far been too difficult to measure experimentally. I consider two common phase change phenomena, ice melting and copper crystallization, in this thesis. For the case of ice melting, MD is first employed to study its phase change process and obtain thermal properties of ice and water. Several potential models are used. I conduct simulations of both bulk ice and ice/water contacting cases. It is found that various potential models result in similar melting phenomena, especially melting speed. Size effects are also studied and it is found that the melting time is longer for larger bulk ice segments but that the average melting speed is size dependent. There is no size effect for the melting speed at ice/water interface at the nanoscale if the same temperature gradient is applied. The melting speed of ice should depend on the temperature gradient. To study ice melting at the microscale, the thermal wave model is employed with parameters obtained from MD simulations. It is found that ice melting speed is scale, for both length scale and time scale, dependent. For the case of copper crystallization, an EAM potential is first employed to conduct MD simulations for studying the copper crystallization process at the nanoscale. I obtain thermal properties and interfacial parameters, including thermal diffusion coefficient, latent heat, relaxation time, interfacial thickness, interfacial energy and the anisotropy coefficients, and nucleus shape etc. A central symmetry parameter is used to identify an atom in solid state or liquid state. And then an initial nucleus shape is obtained and used as the input for microscale simulation, in which the phase-field method is used to study copper crystallization at the microscale.
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Sridharan, Prashanth. "Aspect Ratio Effect on Melting and Solidification During Thermal Energy Storage." Scholar Commons, 2013. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4777.

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The present work investigates, numerically, the process of melting and solidification in hollow vertical cylinders, filled with air and phase change material (PCM). The PCM used is sodium nitrate, which expands upon melting. Therefore, a void must be present within the cylinder, which is filled with air. The influence of cylinder shape on melting time is determined. The numerical model takes both conductive and convective heat transfer into account during the melting process. The Volume-of-Fluid (VOF) model is used to track the interface between the PCM and air as the PCM melts. Three dimensionless numbers represent the characteristics of the problem, which are the Grashof, Stefan, and Prandtl numbers. The Stefan and Prandtl numbers are held constant, while the Grashof number varies. Inner Aspect Ratio (AR) is used to characterize the shape of the cylinder, which is defined as the ratio of the height to the diameter of the vertical cylinder. In this study, a range of AR values from 0.23 to 10 is investigated. Cylinders with small AR, corresponding to high Grashof numbers, lead to lower melting times compared with cylinders with high AR. The molten PCM velocity was also influenced greatly by this difference between solid PCM shape between high and low AR cases. Cylinders with small AR, corresponding to high Grashof numbers, lead to higher solidification times compared with cylinders with high AR. It was found that the velocity decreased during the solidification process, but the shape of the cylinder had an effect on the decrease. Natural convection velocity was found to decrease during the solidification process and, therefore, its effects diminish as solidification proceeds.
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Books on the topic "MELTING CHARGE"

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Kotter, John P. Our iceberg is melting. [Seattle, Wash.]: J. Kotter and H. Rathgeber, 2005.

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ill, Bersani Shennen, ed. The glaciers are melting! Mt. Pleasant, SC: Sylvan Dell Pub., 2011.

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Melting point: New Zealand and the climate change crisis. North Shore, N.Z: Penguin Books/Penguin Group, 2008.

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Holger, Rathgeber, ed. Bing shan zai rong hua: Our lceberg is melting. Hefei: An'hui ren min chu ban she, 2006.

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The melting edge: Alaska at the frontier of climate change. Anchorage, AK: Alaska Geographic Association, 2011.

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Kotter, John, Holger Rathgeber, and Spenser Johnson. Our Iceberg Is Melting: Changing and Succeeding Under Any Conditions. New York: St. Martin's Press, 2006.

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Carey, Mark. In the shadow of melting glaciers: Climate change and Andean society. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2010.

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Carey, Mark. In the shadow of melting glaciers: Climate change and Andean society. New York: Oxford University Press, 2010.

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In the shadow of melting glaciers: Climate change and Andean society. New York: Oxford University Press, 2010.

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Polar bear, why is your world melting? Morton Grove, Ill: Albert Whitman & Co., 2008.

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Book chapters on the topic "MELTING CHARGE"

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Nefedov, A. V., V. V. Svichkar, and O. N. Chicheneva. "Re-engineering of Equipment to Feed the Melting Furnace with Aluminum Charge." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 1198–204. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54817-9_139.

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Huber, T., S. O. Mariager, A. Ferrer, H. Schaefer, J. A. Johnson, S. Gruebel, A. Luebcke, et al. "Coherent Dynamics of Structural Symmetry During the Ultrafast Melting of a Charge Density Wave." In Springer Proceedings in Physics, 248–51. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-13242-6_60.

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Terai, Tomoyuki, Y. Yasui, and Tomoyuki Kakeshita. "Morphology of Charge Ordered Phase and its Melting by Magnetic Field in Pr0.55Ca0.45MnO3and Nd0.5Sr0.5MnO3Single Crystals." In ICOMAT, 655–58. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118803592.ch99.

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Hongwei, Guo, Yang Guangqing, Zhang Jianliang, Shao Jiugang, Fu Yuandi, and Wan Dan. "Effect of Mixed Charge of Ore and Lump Coal on the Softening-Melting Property of the Burden." In 4th International Symposium on High-Temperature Metallurgical Processing, 125–30. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118663448.ch16.

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Koga, Shumon, and Miroslav Krstic. "Experimental Study with Paraffin Melting." In Materials Phase Change PDE Control & Estimation, 271–97. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58490-0_11.

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Lu, H. M., and Qing Jiang. "The Size Range of Volume Change of Melting." In Materials Science Forum, 603–6. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-960-1.603.

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Stammer, D., N. Agarwal, P. Herrmann, A. Köhl, and C. R. Mechoso. "Response of a Coupled Ocean–Atmosphere Model to Greenland Ice Melting." In The Earth's Cryosphere and Sea Level Change, 621–42. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2063-3_20.

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Poudyal Chhetri, Meen B. "Downstream Impact of Melting Glaciers: Climate Change in Nepal and Beyond." In Development in Coastal Zones and Disaster Management, 293–301. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4294-7_20.

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Farid, Mohammed, and Atsushi Kanzawa. "Thermal Performance of a Heat Storage Module Using PCMs with Different Melting Temperatures." In Thermal Energy Storage with Phase Change Materials, 123–36. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780367567699-10.

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Ahbari, Abdellatif, Laila Stour, and Ali Agoumi. "Impacts of Climate Change on the Hydro-Climatology and Performances of Bin El Ouidane Reservoir: Morocco, Africa." In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 2363–86. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45106-6_245.

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AbstractIn arid and humid contexts, dams’ reservoirs play a crucial role in water regulation and flood control. Under the projected climate change (CC) effects, even a preoptimized management approach (MA) of a reservoir needs to be assessed in this projected climate. This chapter aims to assess the impacts of CC on the Hydroclimatic (HC) variables of the basin upstream the reservoir of Bin El Ouidane (Morocco), and the effects on the performances of its preoptimized MA. The applied Top-Down assessment procedure included CORDEX climate projections, hydrological, siltation, evaporation, and management models. Concerning the HC variables, the results obtained concord with those reported in the literature in terms of trend, but not always in terms of intensity of change. On the other hand, the projections expected a decrease in the performances of the reservoir, except for criterion allocations’ standard deviation, calibrated during the optimization. Also, interesting conclusions have been found like: the change in precipitation dominant form, the accentuation of the pluvial hydrological regime, the advanced snow melting due to the temperature increase. This chapter presents a typical case study on how to use climate projections for reservoir MA adaptation, without being highly and negatively influenced by the climate model uncertainties.
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Conference papers on the topic "MELTING CHARGE"

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Baisnab, Dipak Kumar, T. Geetha Kumary, A. T. Satya, Awadhesh Mani, R. Nithya, L. S. Vaidhyanathan, M. P. Janawadkar, and A. Bharathi. "Effect of current induced charge order melting of Pr0.5Ca0.5MnO3 on YBa2Cu3O7 thin film." In SOLID STATE PHYSICS: Proceedings of the 56th DAE Solid State Physics Symposium 2011. AIP, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4710183.

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Grzenda, Michael, Arielle Gamboa, James Mercado, Lin Lei, Jennifer Guzman, Lisa C. Klein, Andrei Jitianu, and Jonathan P. Singer. "Parametric Control of Melting Gel Morphology and Chemistry via Electrospray Deposition." In ASME 2021 16th International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2021-63347.

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Abstract Melting gels are a class of hybrid organic-inorganic, silica-based sol-gels which are solid below their glass transition temperatures, near room temperature, but show thermoplastic behavior when heated. While this phase change can be repeated multiple times, heating the gel past its consolidation temperature, typically above 130 °C, initiates an irreversible reaction that produces highly crosslinked glassy organic/inorganic materials via hydrolysis and polycondensation. This ability makes melting gels uniquely compatible with processing techniques inaccessible to other sol-gels. By properly tuning their properties, it should be possible to create protective coatings for electronics and anti-corrosive coatings for metals that are highly hydrophobic and insulating. However, melting gel consolidation reactions are highly dependent on charge interactions, raising the question of how these materials will respond to a processing technique, like electrospray deposition (ESD), which is dependent on charge delivery. In this study, we focus on the role that substrate temperature and charge polarity play on film morphology, consolidation chemistry, and surface properties when processing via ESD. Optical images, film thickness measurements, and FTIR were used to characterize the sprayed melting gel with the goal of developing a robust processing space for producing highly cross linked, hydrophobic, dielectric coatings.
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Huber, T., S. O. Mariager, A. Ferrer, H. Schaefer, J. A. Johnson, S. Gruebel, A. Luebcke, et al. "Coherent dynamics of structural symmetry during the ultrafast melting of a charge density wave." In International Conference on Ultrafast Phenomena. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/up.2014.07.mon.d.5.

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Agarwal, V., M. K. Srivastava, and H. K. Singh. "Observation of zero field charge order melting in oxygen deficient Pr1-XCaxMnO3 thin films." In DAE SOLID STATE PHYSICS SYMPOSIUM 2016. Author(s), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4980670.

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Sobhansarbandi, Sarvenaz, and Fatemeh Hassanipour. "Melting Process Expedition of Phase Change Materials via Silicone Oil." In ASME 2018 12th International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the ASME 2018 Power Conference and the ASME 2018 Nuclear Forum. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2018-7503.

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This paper presents a novel method of heat transfer enhancement and melting process expedition of phase change materials (PCMs) via silicone oil for the application in thermal energy storage systems. Sudden spot heating/cooling of the PCM causes a non-uniform melting process and in some cases the volume expansion/contraction. To avoid this malfunction, silicone oil can be applied in these systems to increase convective heat transfer (stirring effect). The feasibility of this method is investigated by two experimental analysis, one by having the mixture in a cylindrical container and one in a cubic container. The results from the images taken by Charge-Coupled Device (CCD) camera in the first analysis show a uniform melting process of the PCM. In the second analysis, the comparison is made for the two parallel setups with and without the silicone oil with the same operating conditions. The results show that in the system that lacks silicone oil, the paraffin starts melting after around 11 minutes from the heater start-up, while this time is around 6 minutes in the system with silicone oil. The effectiveness of silicone oil in enhancing the heat transfer rate is shown by a temperature rise of around 10 °C in the container. Applying PCMs in conjunction with silicone oil in various thermal storage systems for heating/cooling applications specifically in solar thermal collectors, enables heat transfer enhancement and consequently heat storage directly on the system.
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Baisnab, Dipak Kumar, T. Geetha Kumary, A. T. Satya, Awadhesh Mani, J. Janaki, R. Nithya, L. S. Vaidhyanathan, et al. "Strain enhanced charge order melting in Pr[sub 0.5]Ca[sub 0.5]MnO[sub 3] thin films." In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MAGNETIC MATERIALS (ICMM-2010). AIP, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3601816.

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Eichberger, M., H. Schäfer, M. Krumova, J. Demsar, H. Berger, G. Moriena, G. Sciaini, and R. J. D. Miller. "Ultrafast order parameter melting in a 2D Charge Density Wave 1T-TaS2 probed by femtosecond electron diffraction." In International Conference on Ultrafast Phenomena. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/up.2010.ma2.

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Ravinuthala, Sharad Chand, and Ismail B. Celik. "Numerical Modelling of Bubble Columns for High Temperature Glass Melting Applications." In ASME 2014 4th Joint US-European Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting collocated with the ASME 2014 12th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2014-22054.

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Bottom heating approach for glass melting offers potential benefits of higher efficiency and lower emissions compared to the conventional surface fired melters with burners above the bath surface. Recent advances in the enabling technologies such as burners, controls, heat recovery and refractive materials have led to successful demonstration of bottom heating Submerged Combustion Melting (SCM) of glass. In the proposed reactor, combustion products of natural gas oxy combustion are bubbled through the three phase re-circulating tank reactor. The turbulence generated by the rising bubble column would result in rapid heating and mixing of the charge resulting in fast melting and homogeneous composition of the product. Detailed understanding of such two-phase gas liquid flows is imperative for developing efficient multi-phase reactors through precise control of mixing and reaction kinetics. The bubble column, without any phase change and heating, is a good apparatus for an elementary experimental study and numerical modeling of such flows. In this study, the hydrodynamics of the bubble column are investigated using two different numerical approaches i) Using ANSYS FLUENT with an Eulerian-Eulerian approach to model the bubble and continuous phases and ii) Using a Navier-Stokes solver with the Eulerian-Lagrangian method with the Particle-in-Ball approach. The results thus obtained are discussed in detail in comparison with the experimental data available. Experiments have been conducted to gain a deeper understanding of the behaviour of the bubbles in very viscous media.
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Pioro, L. S., and I. L. Pioro. "High Efficiency Combined Aggregate – Submerged Combustion Melter–Electric Furnace for Vitrification of High-Level Radioactive Wastes." In 12th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone12-49298.

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It is well known that high-level radioactive wastes (HLRAW) are usually vitrified inside electric furnaces. Disadvantages of electric furnaces are their low melting capacity and restrictions on charge preparation. Therefore, a new concept for a high efficiency combined aggregate – submerged combustion melter (SCM)–electric furnace was developed for vitrification of HLRAW. The main idea of this concept is to use the SCM as the primary high-capacity melting unit with direct melt drainage into an electric furnace. The SCM employs a single-stage method for vitrification of HLRAW. The method includes concentration (evaporation), calcination, and vitrification of HLRAW in a single-stage process inside a melting chamber of the SCM. Specific to the melting process is the use of a gas-air or gas-oxygen-air mixture with direct combustion inside a melt. Located inside the melt are high-temperature zones with increased reactivity of the gas phase, the existence of a developed interface surface, and intensive mixing, leading to intensification of the charge melting and vitrification process. The electric furnace clarifies molten glass, thus preparing the high-quality melt for subsequent melt pouring into containers for final storage.
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Mulligan, Phillip, Catherine Johnson, Jason Ho, Cody Lough, and Edward Kinzel. "3D Printed Conical Shaped Charge Performance." In 2019 15th Hypervelocity Impact Symposium. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/hvis2019-110.

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Abstract A Conical Shaped Charge (CSC) is a versatile device utilized in construction, mining, petroleum and defense industries. The geometry and material structure of the metal liner play an integral role in the CSC performance. The performance of CSC liners has been relatively well-characterized for liners manufactured via hydroforming, hydraulic pressing, or turning on a CNC lathe. With advancements in Additive Manufacturing (AM) CSC liners can be 3D printed with metal powders. AM can provide significant design freedom in terms of realizing better properties through introduced hierarchic structuring or anisotropy. However, it is unclear as to how metal liners produced with Selective Laser Melting (SLM), will influence the conical shaped charge’s performance. This paper explores the performance, relative to the penetration of steel plates, of CSCs using 3D printed metal liners benchmarked against machined liners. The metal liners were printed with SLM parameters that were optimized to maximize the print density. The metal liner dimensions (thickness, height, and outer diameter) were designed using the recommended ratios of the liner’s inner diameter presented by Virgil (1988). The 3D printed metal liners are compared to a CNC machined liner, with the same dimensions. The comparison enables the evaluation of how 3D printing a liner influences penetration performance. The results indicate conical shaped charges could utilize 3D printed liners. These results open a wide range of performance design opportunities that cannot be achieved via conventional manufacturing and justify the current increased cost associated with additive manufacturing metal components. Future work will continue to explore how print density, printed material, and advanced geometries modify the conical shaped charge performance.
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