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Journal articles on the topic 'Melt strength'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 19 February 2022

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1

SUGIMOTO, Masataka, Yuichi MASUBUCHI, Jun–ichi TAKIMOTO, and Kiyohito KOYAMA. "Melt Strength and Extrudate Swell of High-Melt-Strength Polypropylene." Nihon Reoroji Gakkaishi 27, no. 1 (1999): 67–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1678/rheology.27.67.

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2

Kao, Nhol, Arnab Chandra, and Sati Bhattacharya. "Melt strength of calcium carbonate filled polypropylene melts." Polymer International 51, no. 12 (2002): 1385–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pi.1057.

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3

Ghijsels, A., and J. De Clippeleir. "Melt Strength Behaviour of Polypropylenes." International Polymer Processing 9, no. 3 (September 1994): 252–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/217.940252.

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4

Wong, A. C. Y., and V. H. K. Cheung. "Elongational strength of polyethylene melt." Journal of Materials Processing Technology 67, no. 1-3 (May 1997): 117–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-0136(96)02829-4.

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5

Raz, Karel, and Frantisek Sedlacek. "Effect of Melt Temperature on Weld Line Strength." Key Engineering Materials 801 (May 2019): 264–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.801.264.

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This article deals with the influence of the melt temperature on weld line strength in injection-molded plastic parts. A special mold was created for this investigation to make specimens with a central weld line. The experimental material was polypropylene Sabic PP 90910. Its stress at break is around 16 MPa and its melting temperature is between 200°C and 260°C. In general, the presence of weld lines has a negative impact on mechanical properties. This investigation showed that the strength depends on the melt temperature (160–260°C in this case). Strength was measured using mechanical testing. It was found to increase with the melt temperature, up to 210°C. Above 210°C, degradation of the plastic led to decreasing strengths. A melt temperature range of 190–210°C is therefore optimal for this application. Shear forces and friction were found to play a great role, as they raise the melt temperature during molding. This was confirmed by mold-flow analysis. The melt temperature during molding was up to 18% higher than the initial melt temperature. This investigation has important consequences for the plastic industry. It is relevant to evaluations of the polymer matrix strength in composite materials and the strength of 3D printed parts with multiple weld lines.

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6

Liu, X., L. Yu, K. Dean, G. Toikka, S. Bateman, T. Nguyen, Q. Yuan, and C. Filippou. "Improving Melt Strength of Polylactic Acid." International Polymer Processing 28, no. 1 (March 2013): 64–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/217.2667.

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7

Ghijsels, A., J. J. S. M. Ente, and J. Raadsen. "Melt Strength Behavior of Polyethylene Blends**." International Polymer Processing 7, no. 1 (March 1992): 44–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/217.920044.

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8

Ni, Xin Hua, Jian Zheng, Ke Lin Gao, and Hong Bin Dai. "Strength Model of Melt-Growth Composite Ceramics." Key Engineering Materials 368-372 (February 2008): 1648–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.368-372.1648.

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The present work focuses on the failure mechanisms that occur in melt-growth composite ceramics mainly composed of fiber eutectics with random orientation. First, the stress field of the melt-growth composite ceramics under a tensile stress was obtained. It can be visualized that tensile force is transmitted between oxide fiber eutectics by means of shear stress that develop along the interfaces of oxide fiber eutectics. Consider fiber eutectics having lengths smaller than the critical length. During the composite ceramics fracture, fiber eutectics do not fracture. The average stress of a fiber eutectic can be determined by the shear stress. Then, the probability of ending fiber eutectics and bridging fiber eutectics can be gotten by defining a critical ditrict βl. Finally, consider random orientation and length of the fiber eutectics. Composite ceramics failure by slip incompatibility. The strength model of the melt-growth composite ceramics is built. It is accordance with experiments.

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9

Choi, K. J., J. E. Spruiell, J. F. Fellers, and L. C. Wadsworth. "Strength properties of melt blown nonwoven webs." Polymer Engineering and Science 28, no. 2 (January 1988): 81–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760280204.

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10

Paul, C. W. "Hot-Melt Adhesives." MRS Bulletin 28, no. 6 (June 2003): 440–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/mrs2003.125.

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AbstractHot-melt adhesives facilitate fast production processes because the adhesives set simply by cooling. Formulations contain polymers to provide strength and hot tack (resistance to separation while adhesive is hot), and tackifiers and/or oils to dilute the polymer entanglement network, adjust the glass-transition temperature, lower the viscosity, and improve wet-out (molecular contact of the adhesive with the substrate over the entire bonding area). Some adhesives also contain waxes to speed setting, lower viscosity, and improve heat resistance. Obtaining adequate strength and heat resistance from nonreactive hot melts requires that some component of the hot melt separate out into a dispersed but interconnected hard-phase network upon cooling. The hard phases are commonly either glassy styrene domains (for adhesives based on styrenic block copolymers) or organic crystallites (for adhesives based on waxes, olefinic copolymers, or ethylene copolymers). This article will describe first the material properties relevant to the processing and performance of hot-melt adhesives, then the chemistry and function of the specific raw materials used in hot melts, and will conclude with illustrative application examples and corresponding formulations.

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11

Tian, J., and K. Shobu. "Fracture strength of melt-infiltrated SiC-mullite composite." Journal of Materials Science 39, no. 11 (June 2004): 3751–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:jmsc.0000030730.66663.ab.

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12

McInerney, L. F., N. Kao, and S. N. Bhattacharya. "Melt strength and extensibility of talc-filled polypropylene." Polymer Engineering & Science 43, no. 12 (December 2003): 1821–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.10154.

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13

Lau, H. C., S. N. Bhattacharya, and G. J. Field. "Melt strength of polypropylene: Its relevance to thermoforming." Polymer Engineering & Science 38, no. 11 (November 1998): 1915–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.10362.

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14

Xu, Hai Hang, Lei Zhong, and Ji Zhao Liang. "Elongational Rheology of LLDPE by Melt Spinning Technique." Advanced Materials Research 146-147 (October 2010): 323–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.146-147.323.

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Elongational rheology of LLDPE was studied by melt spinning technique. It was observed that the melt strength of LLDPE decreased with the rise of temperature, and the melts with lower elongational viscosities often broke at higher draw ratio. The melt strength activation energy was calculated by the slope of Arrhennius plots. The curves of elongational stress and viscosity under different conditions were drawn and compared, the results showed that with the increase of strain rate, the elongational stress rose and the viscosity decreased, both stress and viscosity dropped with the rise of temperature, and higher extrusion velocity caused lower elongational stress and viscosity.

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15

Narmon, An Sofie, Annelies Dewaele, Kevin Bruyninckx, Bert F. Sels, Peter Van Puyvelde, and Michiel Dusselier. "Boosting PLA melt strength by controlling the chirality of co-monomer incorporation." Chemical Science 12, no. 15 (2021): 5672–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1sc00040c.

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Melt strength improvements of PLA by co-polymerizing lactide with co-monomers of opposite chirality were discovered. Stronger melts can translate in less plastic usage, paving the way towards more sustainable bioplastics with broader applicability.

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16

Rudolph, P., and K. Kakimoto. "Crystal Growth from the Melt under External Force Fields." MRS Bulletin 34, no. 4 (April 2009): 251–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/mrs2009.75.

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AbstractThe present and future demands of industrial bulk crystal growth from the melt are concentrated on improved crystal quality, increased yield, and reduced costs. To meet these challenges, the size of the melt volume must be markedly increased. As a result, violent convective perturbations appear within the melts due to turbulent heat and mass flows. They disturb the single crystal growth and give rise to compositional inhomogeneities. The application of external force fields is an effective method to dampen and control these flows. After introducing different stabilizing variants, such as constant and accelerated melt rotation, mechanical vibrations, and electric current, this article focuses on the use of magnetic fields. Nonsteady fields became very popular because, in this case, the needed strength of the magnetic induction is much lower than for steady fields. A new low-energy low-cost technology that combines heat and magnetic field generation in one module placed close to the melt crucible is introduced.

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17

SULONG, A. B., N. MUHAMAD, M. J. GHAZALI, A. G. JAHARAH, SOON HUAT TAN, and J. H. PARK. "FUNCTIONALIZED MWCNTS REINFORCED POLYETEHYLENE FIBER COMPOSITE: MECHANICAL STRENGTH CHARACTERIZATION." International Journal of Modern Physics B 23, no. 06n07 (March 20, 2009): 1419–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979209061032.

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This article studies about the mechanical strength of different functionalized Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) reinforced Polyethylene (PE) fiber composite fabricated by melt spinning. There are four types of CNTs used, which are called as produced, carboxylated, octadecylated, polymer wrapped CNTs . Influence of mechanical drawing (melt spinning) on the mechanical strength of fibers is measured by direct comparison with mechanical strength of bulk type functionalized CNTs polymer composites, which fabricated using hot press. Dispersion and interfacial bonding strength/adhesion of CNTs with PE matrix are investigated through fracture surfaces image analysis. Functionalized CNTs composites show a significant improvement of mechanical strength of pure polymer than non functionalized CNTs polymer composite. Whereas polymer wrapped CNTs polymer composite give the highest mechanical strength in this study. Mechanical strength of bulk composites are significantly increased after mechanical drawing process indicates that melts spinning may influence on the crystallization of polymer. Fracture surface analysis revealed that additional functionalized CNTs enhanced dispersion and interfacial bonding with polymer matrix.

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18

Jagenteufel, Ralf. "Rheology Of High Melt Strength Polypropylene For Additive Manufacturing." Advanced Materials Letters 8, no. 6 (June 1, 2017): 712–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5185/amlett.2017.1450.

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19

Asuka, Kazuo. "Foaming Properties of Novel Polypropylene Having High Melt Strength." Seikei-Kakou 30, no. 6 (May 20, 2018): 229–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4325/seikeikakou.30.229.

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20

Liang, J. Z., L. C. Tan, K. J. Wang, F. J. Li, and S. D. Zhang. "Melt Elongation Strength and Drawability of LDPE/LLDPE Blends." International Polymer Processing 30, no. 2 (May 29, 2015): 297–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/217.3033.

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21

Micic, P., S. N. Bhattacharya, and G. Field. "Melt Strength and Elastic Behaviour of LLDPE/LDPE Blends." International Polymer Processing 11, no. 1 (March 1996): 14–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/217.960014.

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22

Lugão, A. B., B. W. H. Artel, A. Yoshiga, L. F. C. P. Lima, D. F. Parra, J. R. Bueno, S. Liberman, M. Farrah, W. R. Terçariol, and H. Otaguro. "Production of high melt strength polypropylene by gamma irradiation." Radiation Physics and Chemistry 76, no. 11-12 (November 2007): 1691–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2007.03.013.

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23

Lugão, Ademar B., Elisabeth C. L. Cardoso, Luis Filipe C. P. Lima, Beatriz Hustzler, and Shinichi Tokumoto. "Characterization study of gamma-irradiated, high melt-strength polypropylene." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 208 (August 2003): 252–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0168-583x(03)00671-2.

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24

Bhattacharya, Subhendu, Rahul K. Gupta, Margaret Jollands, and Sati N. Bhattacharya. "Foaming behavior of high-melt strength polypropylene/clay nanocomposites." Polymer Engineering & Science 49, no. 10 (August 4, 2009): 2070–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.21343.

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25

Sharip, Nur Sharmila, Hidayah Ariffin, Tengku Arisyah Tengku Yasim-Anuar, Yoshito Andou, Yuki Shirosaki, Mohammad Jawaid, Paridah Md Tahir, and Nor Azowa Ibrahim. "Melt- vs. Non-Melt Blending of Complexly Processable Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyethylene/Cellulose Nanofiber Bionanocomposite." Polymers 13, no. 3 (January 27, 2021): 404. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13030404.

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The major hurdle in melt-processing of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) nanocomposite lies on the high melt viscosity of the UHMWPE, which may contribute to poor dispersion and distribution of the nanofiller. In this study, UHMWPE/cellulose nanofiber (UHMWPE/CNF) bionanocomposites were prepared by two different blending methods: (i) melt blending at 150 °C in a triple screw kneading extruder, and (ii) non-melt blending by ethanol mixing at room temperature. Results showed that melt-processing of UHMWPE without CNF (MB-UHMWPE/0) exhibited an increment in yield strength and Young’s modulus by 15% and 25%, respectively, compared to the Neat-UHMWPE. Tensile strength was however reduced by almost half. Ethanol mixed sample without CNF (EM-UHMWPE/0) on the other hand showed slight decrement in all mechanical properties tested. At 0.5% CNF inclusion, the mechanical properties of melt-blended bionanocomposites (MB-UHMWPE/0.5) were improved as compared to Neat-UHMWPE. It was also found that the yield strength, elongation at break, Young’s modulus, toughness and crystallinity of MB-UHMWPE/0.5 were higher by 28%, 61%, 47%, 45% and 11%, respectively, as compared to the ethanol mixing sample (EM-UHMWPE/0.5). Despite the reduction in tensile strength of MB-UHMWPE/0.5, the value i.e., 28.4 ± 1.0 MPa surpassed the minimum requirement of standard specification for fabricated UHMWPE in surgical implant application. Overall, melt-blending processing is more suitable for the preparation of UHMWPE/CNF bionanocomposites as exhibited by their characteristics presented herein. A better mechanical interlocking between UHMWPE and CNF at high temperature mixing with kneading was evident through FE-SEM observation, explains the higher mechanical properties of MB-UHMWPE/0.5 as compared to EM-UHMWPE/0.5.

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26

Cao, Yun Ping, Yu Zu Tu, and Juan Li. "Effect of Processing Aids on the Performance of High Filled Polypropylene." Applied Mechanics and Materials 633-634 (September 2014): 230–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.633-634.230.

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In this paper, we mainly introduces the influence of the processing aids TR131 which namely the lubricating and dispersion agents on the properties of high filled polypropylene. The experiment compared the melt flow rate, tensile strength, bending strength and impact strength of the high filled polypropylene with processing aids TR131 and without it. The results show that high filled polypropylene with Calcium Carbonate could improve the bending strength and impact strength of the pure polypropylene, but the melt flow rate and tensile strength decreased. Incorporation of processing aids TR131 could improve the melt flow rate and the tensile strength of the high filled polypropylene.

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27

G. KADAM, PRAVIN, and SHASHANK T. MHASKE. "Effect of Nylon-6 Concentration on the Properties of Hot Melt Adhesive Synthesized using Dimer Acid and Ethylenediamine." Material Science Research India 9, no. 2 (December 25, 2012): 215. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/msri/090206.

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Hot melt adhesive synthesized using polymerized fatty acid (PFA) (composition: ~1% trilinoleic acid, ~97% dilinoleic acid and ~2% linoleic acid) and ethylenediamine was blended with nylon-6, in-situ during the synthesis process to improve its performance properties. Nylon-6 was added in concentrations as 5, 10, 15 and 20 phr in the hot melt adhesive. The prepared blends were characterized for thermal (melting temperature, crystallization temperature, enthalpy of melting and enthalpy of crystallization), mechanical (tensile strength, tensile modulus, stiffness, percentage elongation at break and hardness), adhesion (lap shear strength and T-peel strength) and rheological properties. It was found that the viscosity, tensile strength, tensile modulus, stiffness, hardness, melting temperature, enthalpy of melting, crystallization temperature and enthalpy of crystallization increased with increase in concentration of nylon-6 in the hot melt adhesive. But lap shear strength and T-peel strength increased up to 10 phr concentration of nylon-6 above which both started decreasing. Percentage elongation at break decreased with increase in concentration of nylon-6 in the hot melt adhesive. Hot melt adhesive molecules must have oriented themselves about nylon-6, increasing its crystallinity, and thus the strength of the adhesive.

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28

Râpă, Maria, Bogdan Norocel Spurcaciu, George Coman, Cristian Andi Nicolae, Raluca Augusta Gabor, Paul Niculae Ghioca, Andrei Constantin Berbecaru, Ecaterina Matei, and Cristian Predescu. "Effect of Styrene-Diene Block Copolymers and Glass Bubbles on the Post-Consumer Recycled Polypropylene Properties." Materials 13, no. 3 (January 23, 2020): 543. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13030543.

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The recycled polypropylene (rPP) materials that meet technical requirements such as reducing the dimensions and improving the tensile, elongation, impact strength, thermal stability, as well as melt processing, are required for the manufacturing industry. In this paper, we studied the mechanical and thermal properties of post-consumer rPP by adding both synthesized thermoplastic elastomers, and glass bubbles (GB) by a melt allowing process. Styrene-butadiene (SBS) and styrene-isoprene (SIS) block-copolymers that had a styrene content of 30 wt% were synthesized by anionic sequential polymerization. The obtained post-consumer rPP composites were characterized by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), mechanical analyses (tensile, density, hardness, VICAT softening temperature (VST), heat deflection temperature (HDT), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), IZOD strength) and thermal analyses (differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA)). Weight reduction and improvement of the tensile, elongation, impact strength, thermal stability, as well as melt processing of post-consumer recycled polypropylene (rPP) properties compounded with thermoplastic elastomers and glass bubbles, sustain the use of these formulations for engineering applications.

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29

Hoang, Van Thanh, Duc Binh Luu, Quang Bang Tao, and Chao Chang Arthur Chen. "Mechanical Properties of PMMA/PC Blend by Injection Molding Process." Key Engineering Materials 863 (September 2020): 67–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.863.67.

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Polycarbonate (PC) has the high impact strength, whereas Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) possesses the high tensile strength. Both of them have been widely used for optical elements in illumination. This paper aims to investigate mechanical properties including tensile and impact strengths of PMMA/PC blend with 50 percent of PC concentration by injection molding process. Tensile and impact specimens were designed following ASTM, type V and were fabricated by injection molding process. Taguchi technique was employed to figure out the optimal process conditions for maximum tensile and impact strengths. The processing conditions such as melt temperature, mold temperature, packing pressure and cooling time were applied and each factor has three levels. As a results, melt temperature has been found to be the most significant parameter for both tensile and impact strengths and cooling time is the least significant parameter for the mechanical properties.

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30

Tang, Guo Dong, Si Chen, Yan Qin Shi, and Xu Wang. "Preparation and Property Study of PMMA/ASA Alloy." Applied Mechanics and Materials 130-134 (October 2011): 2383–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.130-134.2383.

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Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)/ acrylonitrile-styrene-acrylate terpolymer (ASA) alloy was prepared via melt blending method. Effects of ASA melt flow rate and PMMA/ASA ratio on mechanical property of the alloy were studied. It showed that when the high melt flow rate ASA was used, alloy’s tensile strength and flexural strength were little different from using low melt flow rate ASA, while the impact strength was significantly higher than the latter. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis showed that a glass transition (Tg) platform emerged in low melt flow rate ASA at 48.5°C, which represented the Tg of the interface phase formed between SAN grafted acrylate rubber particles and SAN matrix. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) experiment further showed that when low melt flow rate ASA was used, alloy’s cross section was smooth which showed the characteristics of brittle fracture.

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31

Makhneva, T. M., V. B. Dementiev, and S. S. Makarov. "About Impact Strength and Thermal Properties of Steel Melts." Solid State Phenomena 299 (January 2020): 430–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.299.430.

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The comparable study of the structure and structure-sensitive properties of the melt of steel 08H15N5D2T and two melts prepared by electro-slag re-melting (ESR) and vacuum-arc re-melting (VAR) of the steel has been carried out. The temperature dependences have been obtained for the kinematic viscosity, density, surface tension, electrical resistance, and magnetic susceptibility. The short-range structural order of the ESR and VAR melts has been studied by direct diffraction methods. The connection between the method of re-melting and the level of impact strength (KCU) has been established. The reasons for the appearance of the difference in the structure and properties of ESR and VAR steel are discussed.

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32

Zhao, Ron (Rongguo). "Melt Blowing Polyoxymethylene Copolymer." International Nonwovens Journal os-14, no. 2 (June 2005): 1558925005os—14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1558925005os-1400203.

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Polyoxymethylene (POM) copolymer is one of the relatively new, high performance engineering polymers. Its high crystallinity provides this polymer with excellent properties, including great tensile strength and stiffness, high toughness, good resilience, and low surface friction. POM also possesses excellent chemical resistance to a wide range of materials, comparing favorably with many thermoplastic polymers. Fine fibered products of POM may find applications in specialty filtration, such as hydrocarbon fuel filtration, and hydraulic fluid filtration. This paper discusses the melt blowing process for POM with an emphasis on the effects of spinnerette setting on the fiber property. It also discusses the relationship of process/web properties for this specific polymer and compares it with that of PP in terms of processability.

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33

Bernnat, A., M. H. Wagner, and C. K. Chai. "Assessment of LDPE Melt Strength by Use of Rheotens Mastercurves." International Polymer Processing 15, no. 3 (September 2000): 268–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/217.1595.

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34

Xiao, Karen, Costas Tzoganakis, and Hector Budman. "Control of coating properties of LDPE through melt strength measurements." Control Engineering Practice 9, no. 4 (April 2001): 357–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0967-0661(01)00008-9.

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35

Struleva, E. V., P. S. Komarov, and S. I. Ashitkov. "Dynamic Strength of Titanium Melt at Extremely High Extension Rates." High Temperature 57, no. 6 (November 2019): 948–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0018151x19060166.

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36

Wagner, M. H., Th Ixner, and K. Geiger. "A note on the melt strength of liquid crystalline polymer." Journal of Rheology 41, no. 5 (September 1997): 1087–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1122/1.550826.

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37

Keawkanoksilp, Chetporn, Weerapol Apimonsiri, Somjate Patcharaphun, and Narongrit Sombatsompop. "Rheological properties and melt strength of LDPE during coextrusion process." Journal of Applied Polymer Science 125, no. 3 (January 20, 2012): 2187–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.36427.

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38

Guapacha, Jorge, Jonathan Barbosa, Enrique M. Vallés, Lidia M. Quinzani, and Marcelo D. Failla. "Improving melt strength of polypropylene by minimal branching and blending." Journal of Applied Polymer Science 137, no. 26 (July 10, 2020): 48845. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.48845.

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39

Field, Graham J., Predrag Micic, and Sati N. Bhattacharya. "Melt strength and film bubble instability of LLDPE/LDPE blends." Polymer International 48, no. 6 (June 1999): 461–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-0126(199906)48:6<461::aid-pi169>3.0.co;2-7.

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40

Pop-Iliev, Remon, Fangyi Liu, Guobin Liu, and Chul B. Park. "Rotational foam molding of polypropylene with control of melt strength." Advances in Polymer Technology 22, no. 4 (2003): 280–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adv.10056.

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41

Nakagawa, Narihito, Hideki Ohtsubo, Atsuyuki Mitani, Kazutoshi Shimizu, and Yoshiharu Waku. "High temperature strength and thermal stability for melt growth composite." Journal of the European Ceramic Society 25, no. 8 (January 2005): 1251–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2005.01.030.

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42

Dieringa, Hajo, Sanjeev Das, Dmitry Eskin, Zhong Yun Fan, Lydia Katsarou, Manfred Horstmann, Gerrit Kurz, Chamini Mendis, Norbert Hort, and Karl Ulrich Kainer. "Twin-Roll Casting after Intensive Melt Shearing and Subsequent Rolling of an AM30 Magnesium Alloy with Addition of CaO and SiC." Materials Science Forum 828-829 (August 2015): 35–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.828-829.35.

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Intensive melt shearing is a process that can be used for mixing ceramic particles into magnesium melt. It applies shear stress to the melt and can de-agglomerate nanoparticle additions to magnesium melts without the use of electromagnetic fields or ultrasound. A wrought magnesium alloy AM30 was selected for processing with intensive melt shearing and subsequent twin-roll casting. AM30 with additions of CaO and SiC were also processed by this route and the hardness and microstructure were investigated. Sheets were rolled and their tensile strength was determined. The work was done as part of the European Union research project ExoMet. Its target includes the production of high-performance magnesium-based materials by exploring novel grain refinement and nanoparticle addition in conjunction with melt treatment by means of external fields.

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An, Yanjie, Haiping Xing, Yanhui Wang, and Tao Tang. "Characterization of high melt strength propylene/1-butene copolymer synthesized by in situ heat induction melt reaction." Journal of Applied Polymer Science 125, no. 4 (January 30, 2012): 2724–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.36591.

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Huo, Miao, and Yunlong Guo. "Electric Field Enhances Shear Resistance of Polymer Melts via Orientational Polarization in Microstructures." Polymers 12, no. 2 (February 5, 2020): 335. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12020335.

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In this paper, we studied the alteration of viscoelastic properties of a neat poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), induced by an applied external electric field. The rheological properties of PMMA are measured using a rotational rheometer at elevated temperatures. The electric field effect on the shear resistance of the polymer was studied by examining rheological responses under difference experimental scenarios. We find that the external electric field can remarkably enhance shear resistance and prevent flow of PMMA melt, enabling it to behave more predictably at high temperatures. Dynamic rheological analysis illustrates that the external electric field speeds up the recovery of mechanical properties of the PMMA melt after large deformations, whereas the PMMA melt exhibits thixotropic behaviors. The recovery velocity is influenced by the strength of the electric field, specifically, and is found to be proportional to the electric field strength. Our experimental characterization may provide new evidence on the tuning mechanical properties of polymer melts via controlling segmental polarization.

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Sun, Hong Bin, and Mao Hai Lin. "Effects of Tackifiers on the Properties of one Component Polyurethane Adhesive." Applied Mechanics and Materials 731 (January 2015): 520–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.731.520.

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Polyurethane adhesive is containing isocyanate and urethane groups in the molecular bonds, a kind of adhesive has high polarity and lively type. By adjusting the raw materials and formulations can be perpared to meet the requirement of the raw product between different materials bonding. In this paper, the experiments used poly-1,4-butylene adipate glycol (PBA) as soft segment materials and 4, 4’-diphenylmethane diisocyanate as hard segment materials, and used 1,4-butylene glycol as chain extender. What’s more, the experiment adopt rosin resin, phenylethylene and petroleum resin as polyurethane tackifier, we can composed to polyurethane polymers in certain conditions. By changing the type and amount of tackifier ,we can get different polymers, after that from initial strength, final strength, softening temperature and melt viscosity do a comparative experiment with the polyurethane hot melt adhesive of books binding. The results show that proper selection and addition of petroleum resin can meet the requirement of bond property of polyurethane hot melt adhesive which used in books binding, and it has the advantages of low cost ,energy conservation and environmental protection ,which makes it has a good application prospect.

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Cui, Yong Yan, Zhen Lun Zhao, and Ai Chao. "The Effect of Dynamic Vulcanization on Mechanical, Rheological, Thermal Properties and Morphology of ABS." Advanced Materials Research 510 (April 2012): 13–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.510.13.

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The effect of dynamic vulcanization on mechanical, rheological, thermal properties and morphology of ABS were studied in this paper. And the effect of shear stress, shear rate on melt rheological behavior were discussed. The results showed that: the melt of dynamic vulcanization modified ABS was pseudoplastic fluid, and its apparent viscosity was increased. Tensile strength, notched impact strength of dynamic vulcanization modified ABS increased gradually, and the melt flow rate decreased gradually .

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Ghioca, Paul, Lorena Iancu, Ramona Marina Grigorescu, Bogdan Spurcaciu, Maria Rapa, Cornel Cincu, Alexandra Pica, and Ecaterina Matei. "Recovered Polypropylene Composites with High Impact Strength." Materiale Plastice 54, no. 1 (March 30, 2017): 18–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/mp.17.1.4776.

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This paper presents a modification study of recovered polypropylene by melt alloying with a styrene-isoprene block-copolymer blend, thus ensuring the optimum conditions to obtain polypropylene composites with performance impact strength.

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Zhang, Guo-Hua, and Kuo-Chih Chou. "Viscosity model for fully liquid silicate melt." Journal of Mining and Metallurgy, Section B: Metallurgy 48, no. 1 (2012): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jmmb110922011z.

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A model for estimating the viscosity of silicate melt as derived in our previous paper is extended to the system containing MgO, CaO, SrO, BaO, Li2O, Na2O, K2O, which can express the nonlinear variation of activation energy of viscosity with the composition. It is found that the optimized parameters of model which characterize the deforming ability of bonds around non-bridging oxygen decrease with increasing the bond strength of M-O bond expressed by I=2Q/RMz+ + rO2-)2 (where Q is the valence of cation M; r is the radius). It is pointed out that viscosity is not only determined by the bond strength, but also by the radius of cation which is defined as the size effect. The radius of cation plays paradox roles in the two factors: smaller radius leads to a stronger bond, thus a higher viscosity; while cations with smaller radius are easier to diffuse when neglecting the interaction force, thus a lower viscosity will be.

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Lohr, Christoph, Markus Muth, Ralf Dreher, Carolin Zinn, Peter Elsner, and Kay André Weidenmann. "Polymer-Steel-Sandwich-Structures: Influence of Process Parameters on the Composite Strength." Key Engineering Materials 809 (June 2019): 266–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.809.266.

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As the demand of the automotive and aerospace industries for lightweight and cost effective materials increases, it is necessary to combine different materials with respect to their lightweight and functional properties. The combination of polymer-steel-sandwich composites - which consist of a polymer core structure (transferring shear loads) and two metal face-layers (absorbing tensile and compression loads occurring at bending) - suite the need of minimizing weight per area under bending loads. The reduction of process steps can be achieved by connecting the face layers and core in-situ via an in-mold assembly process using variothermal processing. The injection mold hereby is heated near the melt temperature of the polymer with a variothermal water processing unit. Via contact heating inserted steel blanks are heated to the same temperature as the mold. This process enables the combination of the metal surface with the polymer core by infiltrating the micro or nano scale structure, which is generated by laser structuring or nano coating. Through the increased mold/blank surface temperature induced via variothermal heating the melt viscosity is lowered. This decreasing viscosity of the polymer melt hereby enables a higher degree of infiltration of the laser structured and nano coated blanks. This improved infiltration behavior is a key factor for the adhesion of the sandwich components and beneficial for the composites strength. Within this work two steel blanks are inserted into the mold to manufacture sandwich structures with steel face layers and a polymer (here: polylactidacid; PLA) core. As these sandwich composites are prone to bending failure, the 4-point-bending test is used to characterize the mechanical properties of this hybrid structure. The two surface treatments will also be compared concerning their mechanical interface properties with a shear edge test. The additional reduction on the polymer melt viscosity by means of gas inducing with chemical blowing agent is investigated on the laser structured surfaces only. To investigate the influence of the polymers melts viscosity on the bonding properties chemical blowing agent is added for some blanks.

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Chen, Wei Lai, Lin Yan Wan, and Hong Qin. "Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of Melt Spinning Spandex." Advanced Materials Research 1048 (October 2014): 36–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1048.36.

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Microstructures and mechanical properties of melt spinning spandex were studied in this article.Cross section and longitudinal surface were observed and analyzed by JSM-5610LV scanning electron microscopy. Q2000 DSC differential scanning calorimeter was used to test the glass transition temperature and melting temperature which indicated glass transition temperature is about 44°C and melting temperature is about 200°C. We employed JSM-5610LV scanning electron microscopy to observe adhesion of melt spinning spandex with nylon filament after different time and temperature processing. It concluded that after 150°C90s、160°C60s、160°C90s、170°C30s heat treatment, the adhesive of melt spinning spandex with nylon is good. At the same time,tensile strength and elastic properties of melt spinning spandex which was processed under different time and temperature were tested, tensile strength and elastic recovery of melt spinning spandex after160°C 90s heat treatment is the best.

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