Relevant bibliographies by topics / Melt elasticity

Academic literature on the topic 'Melt elasticity'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Melt elasticity"

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Xanthos, M., and D. W. Yu. "Instrumentation news: Measuring melt elasticity—the melt elasticity indexer." Advances in Polymer Technology 10, no. 3 (1990): 243–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adv.1990.060100309.

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Shenoy, A. V., and D. R. Saini. "Estimation of melt elasticity of degraded polymer from melt flow index." Polymer Degradation and Stability 11, no. 4 (January 1985): 297–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0141-3910(85)90034-5.

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Utracki, L. A. "Rheology of PVC. Part 5: Melt elasticity." Journal of Vinyl and Additive Technology 8, no. 4 (December 1986): 156–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/vnl.730080405.

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Saengow, C., A. J. Giacomin, and C. Kolitawong. "Knuckle formation from melt elasticity in plastic pipe extrusion." Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics 242 (April 2017): 11–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnnfm.2017.02.003.

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Joseph, Susan, Zachariah Oommen, and Sabu Thomas. "Melt elasticity and extrudate characteristics of polystyrene/polybutadiene blends." Materials Letters 53, no. 4-5 (April 2002): 268–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-577x(01)00491-8.

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Maxwell, Bryce. "The application of melt elasticity measurements to polymer processing." Polymer Engineering and Science 26, no. 20 (November 1986): 1405–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760262009.

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Резанова, Н. М., and А. Ю. Сад. "ВПЛИВ НАНОНАПОВНЮВАЧА НА РЕОЛОГІЧНІ ВЛАСТИВОСТІ РОЗПЛАВІВ ПОЛІМЕРІВ ТА ЇХ СУМІШЕЙ." Bulletin of the Kyiv National University of Technologies and Design. Technical Science Series 126, no. 5 (February 12, 2019): 106–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.30857/1813-6796.2018.5.12.

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Studying the influence of additives of nano-sized aluminium oxide on the patterns of Polypropylene (PP) and mixture PP/CPA (copolyamide) melt flow. The mixtures were obtained by the prior injection of the nano-filler to the PP melt with the further mixing of granula with CPA on the worm-disk extruder. Viscosity (η) of melts was examined by the method of capillary viscometry and the elasticity was studied by value of extrudate equilibrium swelling. The melts ability to longitudinal deformation was evaluated by the maximum stretch rating.
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Capuano, G., G. Filippone, G. Romeo, and D. Acierno. "Universal Features of the Melt Elasticity of Interacting Polymer Nanocomposites." Langmuir 28, no. 12 (March 12, 2012): 5458–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la205105m.

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Khanna, Y. P., and K. R. Slusarz. "Dynamic melt rheology. II: Re-examining the relationship ofg′ in oscillatory rheometry to the melt elasticity." Polymer Engineering and Science 33, no. 2 (January 1993): 122–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760330211.

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Mavrantzas, Vlasis G., and Doros N. Theodorou. "Atomistic Simulation of Polymer Melt Elasticity: Calculation of the Free Energy of an Oriented Polymer Melt." Macromolecules 31, no. 18 (September 1998): 6310–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma9714878.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Melt elasticity"

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Khan, Atif H. "Processing melt blended polymer nanocomposites using a novel laboratory mini-mixer. Development of polymer nanocomposites in the melt phase using a novel mini-mixer." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/5707.

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Research into the processing conditions and parameters of polymeric nanocomposites has always been challenging to scientists and engineers alike. Many have developed tools and procedures to allow materials to be exploited and their properties improved with the addition of nanofillers to achieve the desired end material for various applications. Initial trials are mostly conducted using conventional small scale experiments using specialised equipment within the laboratory that can replicate the larger industrial equipment. This is a logical approach as it could save time and costs as many nanocomposites are relatively expensive to produce. Experiments have previously been done using the likes of the Haake twin screw extruder to manufacture nanocomposites within the laboratory but this research project has used a novel minimixer specifically developed to replicate mixing like large twin screw extrusion machines. The minimixer uses a twin paddle system for high shear mixing in conjunction with a single screw thus theoretically allowing an infinitely long recirculation. It is this ability to mix intensely whilst allowing for as long as desired recirculation which enables the replication in this very small mixer (10-30g capacity) of the mixing conditions in a large twin screw extruder. An added feature of the minimixer is that it can undertake inline data analysis in real time. The main experiments were conducted using a comprehensive DOE approach with several different factors being used including the temperature, screw speed, residence time, clay and compatibiliser loading and two polymer MFI¿s. The materials used included PP, Cloisite 20A, Polybond 3200, PET, Somasif MTE, Polyurethane 80A and Single / Multi-walled Carbon nanotubes. Detailed experimental results highlighted that rheological analysis of the nanocomposite materials as an initial testing tool were accurate in determining the Elastic and Loss modulus values together with the Creep and Recovery, Viscosity and Phase Angle properties in the molten state. This approach was also used in an additional set of experiments whereby the temperature, speed, residence time and compatibiliser were kept constant but the clay loading was increased in 1% wt. increments. These results showed that the G¿ & G¿¿ values increased with clay loading. Another important finding was the bi-axial stretching step introduced after the processing stage of the nanocomposite materials which highlighted a further improvement in the modulus values using rheological testing. Other tests included using inline monitoring to look into both the viscosity and ultrasound measurements in real time of the molten polymer nanocomposite through a slit die attachment to the minimixer.
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Khan, Atif Hussain. "Processing melt blended polymer nanocomposites using a novel laboratory mini-mixer : development of polymer nanocomposites in the melt phase using a novel mini-mixer." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/5707.

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Research into the processing conditions and parameters of polymeric nanocomposites has always been challenging to scientists and engineers alike. Many have developed tools and procedures to allow materials to be exploited and their properties improved with the addition of nanofillers to achieve the desired end material for various applications. Initial trials are mostly conducted using conventional small scale experiments using specialised equipment within the laboratory that can replicate the larger industrial equipment. This is a logical approach as it could save time and costs as many nanocomposites are relatively expensive to produce. Experiments have previously been done using the likes of the Haake twin screw extruder to manufacture nanocomposites within the laboratory but this research project has used a novel minimixer specifically developed to replicate mixing like large twin screw extrusion machines. The minimixer uses a twin paddle system for high shear mixing in conjunction with a single screw thus theoretically allowing an infinitely long recirculation. It is this ability to mix intensely whilst allowing for as long as desired recirculation which enables the replication in this very small mixer (10-30g capacity) of the mixing conditions in a large twin screw extruder. An added feature of the minimixer is that it can undertake inline data analysis in real time. The main experiments were conducted using a comprehensive DOE approach with several different factors being used including the temperature, screw speed, residence time, clay and compatibiliser loading and two polymer MFI's. The materials used included PP, Cloisite 20A, Polybond 3200, PET, Somasif MTE, Polyurethane 80A and Single / Multi-walled Carbon nanotubes. Detailed experimental results highlighted that rheological analysis of the nanocomposite materials as an initial testing tool were accurate in determining the Elastic and Loss modulus values together with the Creep and Recovery, Viscosity and Phase Angle properties in the molten state. This approach was also used in an additional set of experiments whereby the temperature, speed, residence time and compatibiliser were kept constant but the clay loading was increased in 1% wt. increments. These results showed that the G' & G'' values increased with clay loading. Another important finding was the bi-axial stretching step introduced after the processing stage of the nanocomposite materials which highlighted a further improvement in the modulus values using rheological testing. Other tests included using inline monitoring to look into both the viscosity and ultrasound measurements in real time of the molten polymer nanocomposite through a slit die attachment to the minimixer.
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Majumder, Khokan Kanti, and khokankanti@yahoo com. "Blown Film Extrusion: Experimental, Modelling and Numerical Study." RMIT University. Civil, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, 2008. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20080509.161859.

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Abstract This thesis correlates rheological data into a non-linear blown film model that describes the stress and cooling-induced morphological transformations in the axial and flow profiles of the blown films. This will help to improve the physical and mechanical properties of the films in a cost effective way, which will in turn be of great benefit to the food and packaging industries. In this research, experimental and numerical studies of a blown film extrusion were carried out using two different low-density polyethylenes (LDPEs). In the experiment, the key parameters measured and analysed were molecular, rheological and crystalline properties of the LDPEs. In the numerical study, blown film simulation was carried out to determine the bubble characteristics and freeze line height (FLH). A new rheological constitutive equation was developed by combining the Hookean model with the well known Phan-Thien and Tanner (PTT) model to permit a more accurate viscoelastic behaviour of the material. For experimental verification of the simulation results, resins were processed in a blown film extrusion pilot plant using identical die temperatures and cooling rates as used in the simulation study. Molecular characteristics of both LDPEs were compared in terms of their processing benefit in the film blowing process. Based on the experimental investigation, it was found that molecular weight and its distribution, degree of long chain branching and cooling rate play an important role on melt rheology, molecular orientation, blown film processability, film crystallinity and film properties. Effect of short chain branching was found insignificant for both LDPEs. Statistical analysis was carried out using MINITAB-14 software with a confidence level of 95% to determine the effect of process variables (such as die temperature and cooling rate) on the film properties. Film properties of the LDPEs were found to vary with their molecular properties and the process variables used. Blown film model performance based on the newly established PTT-Hookean model was compared with that based on the Kelvin model. Justification of the use of PTT-Hookean model is also reported here using two different material properties. From the simulation study, it has been found that predictions of the blown film characteristics conformed very well to the experimental data of this research and previous studies using different materials and different die geometries. Long chain branching has been found as the most prominent molecular parameter for both LDPEs affecting melt rheology and hence the processability. Die temperature and cooling rate have been observed to provide similar effect on the tear strength and shrinkage properties of blown film for both LDPEs. In comparison to the Kelvin model, the PTT-Hookean model is better suited for the modelling of the film blowing process. It has also been demonstrated in this study that the PTT-Hookean model conformed well to the experimental data near the freeze line height and is suitable for materials of lower melt elasticity and relaxation time.
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Reboh, Shay. "Defect engineering in H and He implanted Si." Phd thesis, Université de Poitiers, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00459734.

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Ce travail porte sur l'étude des phénomènes induits par implantation d'hydrogène et/ou d'hélium dans le silicium monocristallin. Le cloquage et l'exfoliation dus à la coimplantation d'hélium et d'hydrogène ont été étudiés en fonction des paramètres d'implantation (énergie, fluence, courant, rapport H/He) et des conditions de recuit. Un comportement de type fenêtre à été observé dont le maximum de surface exfoliée dépend uniquement de la fluence. Deux mécanismes d'exfoliation liés aux régimes de fluence ont été identifiés et discutés. D'autre part, la microstructure des échantillons a été étudié par MET, et les déformations ont été mesurées par diffraction des Rayons X. Un modèle décrivant la distribution des contraintes dans le substrat implanté a été proposé. Le phénomène de delamination des substrats qui apparaît pour des conditions particulières d'implantation a également été étudié, comparé aux phénomènes de cloquage et exfoliation, et expliqué en utilisant des concepts de la mécanique de la fracture. Enfin, l'interaction élastique entre précipités d'He et d'H a été étudiée pour des profils d'implantation superposés et décalés. Dans ce dernier cas, nous avons montré que le champ de contraintes générées par les plaquettes d'hélium en surpression pouvait être utilisé comme source locale de contraintes pour contrôler la formation et la croissance de plaquettes d'hydrogène. Afin d'interpréter nos résultats expérimentaux, nous avons développé un modèle basé sur l'interaction élastique pour la nucléation des précipités dans un solide semi-infini.
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Carbonari, Thiago. "Estimativa da elasticidade-renda do consumo de carnes em nove regiões metropolitanas do Brasil empregando dados em painel." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2010. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/9418.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:48:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Thiago Carbonari.pdf: 517912 bytes, checksum: 65ba10f32b1b01d6cfa798d4d02338d3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-05-13
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There are several variables that can influence meat consumption. Among these variables, we must give a lot of importance to the income of the population. Due to this fact, this study tried to measure the impact that the average monthly household income has on the human consumption of beef, pork and poultry in nine metropolitan areas of Brazil. For this, it was calculated the coefficients of the income elasticity for the human consumption of these types of meat, by using panel data. The data are from the POFs( 1987-1988),(1995-1996), (2002- 2003) , published by IBGE, and the calculations of the coefficients were peformed with the aid of statistical software Eviews. The fresh beef, followed by pork, stew meat and chicken, was the one that had the highest rates of the income elasticity in general. This shows that the fresh beef and the pork have the greatest potential for the growth of consumption than the others, in case the income of the Brazilian population increases. The use of panel data, with fixed effects and time for the calculation of the income elasticities, enabled to capture possible differences in the consumption of the studied meat in the nine surveyed metropolitan areas and checked if there was any change in the pattern of meat consumption among the POFs used as a primary source of data for this work as well
Diversas variáveis podem influenciar o consumo de carnes, mas uma delas merece atenção especial: a renda da população. Desse modo, este trabalho procura mensurar o impacto que a renda mensal média familiar exerce sobre o consumo físico das carnes bovina, suína e de frango em nove regiões metropolitanas do Brasil. Para isso, foram calculados os coeficientes de elasticidade-renda para o consumo físico desses tipos de carne empregando-se Dados em Painel. Os dados utilizados são provenientes das POFs 1987-1988, 1995-1996 e 2002-2003, publicadas pelo IBGE, e os cálculos dos coeficientes de elasticidade-renda foram realizados com o auxílio do Software estatístico Eviews. A carne bovina de primeira, seguida pelas carnes suína, bovina de segunda e de frango, foi a que, no geral, apresentou os maiores coeficientes de elasticidade-renda, o que mostra que a carne bovina de primeira e a carne suína possuem maior potencial de crescimento de consumo que as demais, caso haja aumento de renda da população brasileira. O emprego de Dados em Painel, com Efeitos Fixos e Temporais, para o cálculo das elasticidades-renda permitiu identificar eventuais diferenças no consumo das carnes estudadas entre as nove regiões metropolitanas brasileiras pesquisadas, bem como averiguar se houve alguma mudança no padrão de consumo dessas carnes entre as POFs utilizadas como fonte primária de dados neste trabalho
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Vallet, Maxime. "Étude des défauts bidimensionnels à base d'hélium dans le silicium - Application au transfert de films minces." Thesis, Poitiers, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014POIT2277/document.

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Le procédé Smart CutTM, utilisé pour le transfert de films minces sur substrat est basé sur la fissuration du silicium. La propagation des fissures est initiée à partir de défauts bidimensionnels induits par implantation d'hydrogène, les « H-platelets ». Des études précédentes ont montré que la fissuration du Si peut également être obtenue à partir de défauts nommés « He-plates » qui ont la particularité d'avoir un diamètre dix fois supérieur. L'objectif de ce travail était d'étudier la formation de ces défauts et leur évolution sous flux d'hydrogène jusqu'à la propagation des fissures. Dans une première partie, la formation des « He-plates » a été étudiée pour différentes orientations de substrats et discutée par rapport à la contrainte compressive bi-axiale induite par l'implantation. Les résultats montrent que les mécanismes qui gouvernent la formation des « He-plates » sont les mêmes que pour les « H-platelets ». Dans une seconde partie, l'évolution des « He-plates » en présence d'H a été étudiée en utilisant une approche expérimentale originale qui couple implantations d'hydrogène et observations par microscopie électronique en transmission. Les expériences montrent que la croissance des « He-plates » est gouvernée par la diffusion de l'hydrogène qui dépend de la température et du taux d'endommagement. Enfin, leur croissance est décrite à l'aide d'un modèle cinétique et, leur coalescence a été analysée en relation avec un modèle élastique. La propagation rectiligne de fissures à partir de ces précurseurs offre des perspectives intéressantes pour une utilisation industrielle
The Smart CutTM process, used in the transfer of thin films on substrates is based on the cracking of silicon. The crack propagation is initiated from bi-dimensional defects induced by H-implantation, the H-platelets. Previous studies showed that the propagation of cracks in Si can also be triggered from defects named He-plates which have the particular feature of having a diameter ten times larger. The aim of this work was to study the formation of these defects and their evolution until the crack propagation under H supply.In a first part, the formation of He-plates was studied for different substrate orientations and discussed regarding the bi-axial compressive stress induced by implantation. Results show that the mechanisms that govern the He-plate formation are the same than for H-platelet formation. In a second part, the evolution of He-plates under H supply was studied by using an original experimental approach that combines H-implantation and transmission electron microscopy observations. Experiments show that the growth of He-plates is controlled by the diffusion of hydrogen which depends on temperature and damage rate. Finally, the growth is described by a kinetic model and their coalescence was analyzed with regard to an elastic model. The straight propagation of cracks from He-plates offers promising outlook for an industrial use
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Urbina-Olano, Hector J. "Elasticity of demand for red meat transportation : a gravity model analysis of Western Canadian pork exports." 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/3722.

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Canadian pork production exceeds its domestic demand and further increases can be only be sustained by successfully expanding export markets. Language, purchasing power, health awareness, proximity, values, and business relationships and NAFTA make the United States a target market for increasing Canadian pork exports. However, the flow of pork from Canada to the United States is affected positively and negatively by micro and macro factors. The major objective of this thesis is to estimate empirically the effects on Western Canadian pork exports of changes in income, hog production in the U.S. (by state) and the transport costs (truck). The goal of this study is to identify regional markets within the United States where further market penetration may be possible. The theoretical foundation of the analysis is the interregional trade model. The concepts of excess supply and demand can be utilized to derive the demand for transportation. The derived demand for transport can be estimated as a gravity model within the context of the interregional trade framework A pooled cross-section time series technique as described by Kmenta (1986), was used to estimate the gravity model. The empirical model emp?s annual data for the period of 1989 to t992. The parameters of the derived demand for transport are income, an index of production and transportation freight rates. The results show that the derived demand for the transport of pork is highly elastic and that the cost of transport is the most important factor affecting trade flows. Of the three Western Provinces taken into account in this study, Manitoba and Saskatchewan are more responsive to changes in tansport cost. The lower transport costs elasticity for Alberta may be explained by the larger gross margins and/or the lower backhaul freight rates. A change in the specialization in hog production in a U.S. state has a negative effect on Western Canadian pork exports, but perhaps less than might be expected. U.S. pork does not appear to be a perfect substitute for pork imports. The study findings suggest that Manitoba marketing efforts should concentrate in the Mid-Atlantic and West South centre states. The Alberta hog industry should focus its marketing strategy in selling on Mountain and South Atlantic states. The Saskatchewan hog industry should focus in the Mountain and Mid-Atlantic states
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Book chapters on the topic "Melt elasticity"

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Münstedt, Helmut. "Phenomenological Evidence of Elasticity." In Elastic Behavior of Polymer Melts, 3–6. München: Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/9781569907559.002.

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Bass, Jay D. "Elasticity of Minerals, Glasses, and Melts." In AGU Reference Shelf, 45–63. Washington, D. C.: American Geophysical Union, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/rf002p0045.

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Kobayashi, Satoshi, Yasubumi Sakakibara, and Takashi Yokomori. "Approximate Identification and Finite Elasticity." In Where Mathematics, Computer Science, Linguistics and Biology Meet, 277–86. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9634-3_25.

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Leblans, Paul J. R., and Boudewijn J. R. Scholtens. "Nonlinear Strain Measures of Rubber Networks and Polymer Melts." In Advances in Elastomers and Rubber Elasticity, 421–33. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-1436-4_27.

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Copil, Georgiana, Daniel Moldovan, Hong-Linh Truong, and Schahram Dustdar. "SYBL+MELA: Specifying, Monitoring, and Controlling Elasticity of Cloud Services." In Service-Oriented Computing, 679–82. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-45005-1_59.

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Eisele, Ulrich. "Flow and Rubber Elasticity in Polymer Melts [4,45, 46, 48–57]." In Introduction to Polymer Physics, 56–75. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-74434-1_6.

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Goupil, P., J. Y. Tourneret, S. Urbano, and E. Chaumette. "When Anomalies Meet Aero-elasticity: An Aerospace Industry Illustration of Fault Detection Challenges." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 169–78. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-9199-0_16.

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Noirez, Laurence. "Probing Submillimeter Dynamics to Access Static Shear Elasticity from Polymer Melts to Molecular Fluids." In Polymers and Polymeric Composites: A Reference Series, 1–23. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-37179-0_54-2.

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Noirez, Laurence. "Probing Submillimeter Dynamics to Access Static Shear Elasticity from Polymer Melts to Molecular Fluids." In Polymers and Polymeric Composites: A Reference Series, 249–71. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-43350-5_54.

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Yamaguchi. "Melt Elasticity of Polyolefins." In Polymeric Foams. CRC Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780203506141.ch2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Melt elasticity"

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Boutaous, M’hamed, Matthieu Zinet, Rabie El Otmani, and Patrick Bourgin. "Simulation of Polymer Crystallization: Role of the Visco-Elasticity." In ASME 2010 3rd Joint US-European Fluids Engineering Summer Meeting collocated with 8th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm-icnmm2010-30209.

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In polymer processing, it is established that the flow causes the polymer chains to stretch and store the energy, by changing their quiescent state free energy. Koscher et al. [1] presented in 2002 an experimental work concerning the flow induced crystallization. They made the assumption that the polymer melt elasticity, quantified by the first normal stress difference, is the driving force of flow-induced extra nucleation. In their work, a constant shear stress is considered, and the first normal stress difference agrees with the use of the trace of the stress tensor. The stored energy due to the flow “Δ Ge” is commonly called elastic free energy and associated to the change in conformational tensor due to flow. By extending the Marrucci theory [2], several studies link this Δ Ge to the trace of the deviatoric stress tensor (first invariant). In this paper, a numerical model able to simulate polymer crystallization is developed. It is based on the assumption that flow induced extra nucleation is linked to the trace of the deviatoric stress tensor. Thus a viscoelastic constitutive equation, the multimode Upper Convected Maxwell (UCM) model, is used to express the viscoelastic extra-stress tensor τVE, and a damping function is introduced in order to take into account the nonlinear viscoelasticity of the material. In Koscher’s work [1], the integral formulation of the Upper Convected Maxwell (UCM) model is used too, but without any damping function, i.e. they assume that the polymer behaves as linear viscoelastic. As an application, a 2D isothermal flow configuration between two plates is simulated. A comparison between the proposed model and the Koscher’s one is then performed, and interesting resultes are pesented: without introducing a damping function, the two models give similar results in the same configurations, but the introduction of a damping function leads to important discrepancies between the two models, seeming that the assumption of a linear viscoelastic behavior is not realistic when the fluid strain and/or stresses are greater than a given values.
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Gurmendi, U., J. I. Eguiazabal, and J. Nazabal. "Structure and Properties of Nanocomposites With a Poly(Ethylene Terephthalate) Matrix." In ASME 2006 Multifunctional Nanocomposites International Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/mn2006-17087.

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Polymer nanocomposites based on poly(ethylene terephthalate) PET and with an intercalated and fairly dispersed nanostructure have been obtained in the melt state using a twin screw extruder. The intercalation and dispersion levels as well as the mechanical properties were studied varying the chemical nature and amount of the organic modification of the clay as well as the clay content. The intercalation level of PET into the organoclay galleries was measured by the increase in the interlayer distance upon mixing. The surfactant content did not influence the intercalation level but an interaction between the polymeric matrix and the surfactant, through a common polar character led to easier intercalation. The observed modulus increases and consequently the overall dispersion did not almost depend on either the amount or chemical nature of the used organic modification of the clay, suggesting that the parameters leading to high intercalation differ from those lead to a high modulus of elasticity and therefore to a high dispersion level. The obtained increases in the modulus of elasticity that reflect the dispersion level were large attaining a 41% increase with respect to that of the matrix after a 6wt% clay addition.
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Georgescu, Mihai, Maria Sonmez, Laurentia Alexandrescu, Mihaela Nituica, Maria Daniela Stelescu, and Dana Gurau. "Designing and obtaining wood waste and chloroprene rubber-based composites." In The 8th International Conference on Advanced Materials and Systems. INCDTP - Leather and Footwear Research Institute (ICPI), Bucharest, Romania, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24264/icams-2020.iv.7.

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The aim of this paper is to obtain and study the properties of wood waste reinforced elastomer composites with various fibre contents (10-50 wt%). The composite is based on chloroprene rubber, and added post-consumer recycled wood particles, with dimensions of 500 nm eco-reinforcing material, and active fillers, plasticizers, vulcanizing agents, antioxidants. In order to enhance the compatibility and their level of interaction, the wood waste was finely ground (cryogenic mill) and functionalized with potassium oleate. Wood waste acts as a filling material which leads to the biodegradability of the composite and the decrease in density. Tensile, tear strength, elasticity, hardness, abrasion resistance, melt flow index and morphological study (FT-IR) of those composites were examined in order to determine the viability in various applications domains.
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Sordelet, D. J., P. Huang, M. F. Besser, and E. Lepecheva. "Plasma Arc Spraying of Cu-Ti-Zr-Ni Amorphous Alloys." In ITSC 2000, edited by Christopher C. Berndt. ASM International, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc2000p0851.

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Abstract A brief feasibility study was performed to produce thermal spray coatings using gas atomized powders of Cu47Ti34-xZr11Ni8Six, where x=0 and 1. These alloys have previously been shown to be capable of forming metallic glasses having thick (1-2 cm) cross sections because they can be cooled from the melt at relatively low cooling rates (e.g., 100-102Ks-1). The properties of these metallic glasses include high strength, high elasticity and high fracture toughness. Amorphous plasma arc sprayed coatings were produced which were close in composition to the starting powders, and exhibited comparable glass transition and crystallization behavior. The amorphous structure of the as-sprayed coatings was used as a source for forming a range of partially devitrified and fully crystallized structures. The average hardness of the coatings increased from around 6 GPa to near 10 GPa as the degree of crystallization increased.
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Ahmadi, Arman, Narges Shayesteh Moghaddam, Mohammad Elahinia, Haluk E. Karaca, and Reza Mirzaeifar. "Finite Element Modeling of Selective Laser Melting 316L Stainless Steel Parts for Evaluating the Mechanical Properties." In ASME 2016 11th International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2016-8594.

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Selective laser melting (SLM) is an additive manufacturing technique in which complex parts can be fabricated directly by melting layers of powder from a CAD model. SLM has a wide range of application in biomedicine and other engineering areas and it has a series of advantages over traditional processing techniques. A large number of variables including laser power, scanning speed, scanning line spacing, layer thickness, material based input parameters, etc. have a considerable effect on SLM process materials. The interaction between these parameters is not completely studied. Limited studies on balling effect in SLM, densifications under different processing conditions, and laser re-melting, have been conducted that involved microstructural investigation. Grain boundaries are amongst the most important microstructural properties in polycrystalline materials with a significant effect on the fracture and plastic deformation. In SLM samples, in addition to the grain boundaries, the microstructure has another set of connecting surfaces between the melt pools. In this study, a computational framework is developed to model the mechanical response of SLM processed materials by considering both the grain boundaries and melt pool boundaries in the material. To this end, a 3D finite element model is developed to investigate the effect of various microstructural properties including the grains size, melt pools size, and pool connectivity on the macroscopic mechanical response of the SLM manufactured materials. A conventional microstructural model for studying polycrystalline materials is modified to incorporate the effect of connecting melt pools beside the grain boundaries. In this model, individual melt pools are approximated as overlapped cylinders each containing several grains and grain boundaries, which are modeled to be attached together by the cohesive zone method. This method has been used in modeling adhesives, bonded interfaces, gaskets, and rock fracture. A traction-separation description of the interface is used as the constitutive response of this model. Anisotropic elasticity and crystal plasticity are used as constitutive laws for the material inside the grains. For the experimental verification, stainless steel 316L flat dog bone samples are fabricated by SLM and tested in tension. During fabrication, the power of laser is constant, and the scan speed is changed to study the effect of fabrication parameters on the mechanical properties of the parts and to compare the result with the finite element model.
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Stelescu, Maria Daniela, Daniela Ioana Constantin, Maria Sonmez, Laurentia Alexandrescu, Mihaela Nituica, and Mihai Georgescu. "Development of elasto-plastic eco-nano-materials for the footwear industry." In The 8th International Conference on Advanced Materials and Systems. INCDTP - Leather and Footwear Research Institute (ICPI), Bucharest, Romania, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24264/icams-2020.iv.22.

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The paper refers to the obtaining of new types of eco-nano elasto-plastic materials with high-performance characteristics based on ethylene-propylene-terpolymer rubber (EPDM), high-density polyethylene (HDPE), plasticized starch and organically modified montmorillonite (OMMT). The new materials were obtained by the technique of dynamic vulcanization and melt intercalation in a Plasti-Corder Brabender internal mixer, at 80 rpm and a temperature of 170°C. The influence of using the OMMT type nanofiller and the plasticized starch filler on the characteristics was observed. The new materials have a melt flow index of over 12g/10 min at 180°C for a force of 10 kg, which allows injection processing - an ecological method of processing polymeric materials. The samples show very good physical-mechanical characteristics both in the normal state and after accelerated aging at 168 hours at 170°C (tensile strength over 16 N/ mm2, tear strength over 102 N/mm, hardness 55-59°ShD, elasticity over 30%, etc.). The materials show high values of abrasion resistance (below 30 mm3), and very good results for mass and volume variation after 22 hours at 23°C in: water, acids and concentrated bases. These characteristics are due both to the composition of the new materials and to the obtaining technology. For evaluating the structural modification, analysis of the FT-IR spectral of the samples was carried out. The new materials can be used in different fields such as: in the footwear industry (soles, heels and plates), safety equipment (boots, etc), obtaining gaskets, hoses, technical rubber products for cars etc.
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Mosaddegh, Peiman, and David C. Angstadt. "Viscoelasticity Effects of Polymeric Material in Micro Injection Molding." In ASME 2008 International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference collocated with the 3rd JSME/ASME International Conference on Materials and Processing. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec_icmp2008-72128.

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An experimental study has been carried out to determine the effect of viscoelasticity in comparison to viscosity on micro-injection molded parts. In this study, two different polymeric materials — Polystyrene (PS) as a viscous material and High Density Poly-Ethylene (HDPE) as a viscoelastic material — have been selected to observe the effect of melt elasticity on the filling phase of micro molding based on cavity pressure of molded part. All process parameters except temperature are the same for both polymers. Process temperatures have been selected in order to match the viscosity for both polymers used. Polymer viscosity was characterized at different shear rate and temperature. Viscoelasticity of both polymers were investigated using rotational rheometry in the oscillation mode. The mold geometry with high aspect ratio has been used and the effect of viscoelasticity on cavity pressure has been discussed. It was observed that there is retardation on the response of pressure because of elastic response of material during filling. Despite the differences in slope, peak value, area, and cycle time between two curves, they share similar trends. The only difference is their response during solidifying because of material property.
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Zinet, Matthieu, Rabie El Otmani, M’hamed Boutaous, and Patrice Chantrenne. "A Numerical Model for Non-Isothermal Flow Induced Crystallization in Thermoplastic Polymers." In ASME 2009 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2009-12122.

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In industrial forming processes such as extrusion or injection molding, polymeric materials experience severe thermomechanical conditions: high pressure, high deformation rates, very fast cooling kinetics and important temperature gradients. In semi-crystalline thermoplastics, such as polypropylene, these phenomena have a major influence on the crystallization occurring during cooling, which determines the final microstructure. Predicting the solidified part properties by numerical simulation requires the implementation of a crystallization kinetics model including both the thermally and flow induced effects. In this work, a numerical model simulating polymer crystallization under non-isothermal flows is developed. The model is based on the assumption that the polymer melt elasticity, quantified by the first normal stress difference, is the driving force of flow-induced extra nucleation. Two sets of Schneider equations are used to describe the growth of thermally and flow induced nuclei. The model is then coupled with the momentum equations and the energy equation. As an application, a simple shear flow configuration between two plates (Couette flow) is simulated. The relative influence of the mechanical and thermal phenomena on the crystallization development as well as the final morphology distribution is finally analyzed as a function of the shearing intensity, in terms of nucleation density and crystallite mean sizes.
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Moldovan, Daniel, Georgiana Copil, Hong-Linh Truong, and Schahram Dustdar. "MELA: Monitoring and Analyzing Elasticity of Cloud Services." In 2013 IEEE 5th International Conference on Cloud Computing Technology and Science (CloudCom). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cloudcom.2013.18.

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Feranc, Jozef, Martina Matvejová, Pavol Alexy, Jozef Pret’o, and Ján Hronkovič. "Rheological properties of polymer melts with high elasticity." In NOVEL TRENDS IN RHEOLOGY VII. Author(s), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4982994.

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