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1
Umeda, Kai. "Weed Control in Melons." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/146709.
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Umeda, K. "Herbicide Screen for Melons." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/214923.
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In the preemergence test, azafenidin, flufenacet, thiazopyr, isoxaben, dithiopyr, and thifensulfuron exhibited safety on cantaloupes and watermelon at rates higher than rates required for effective weed control. In the postemergence test, the margin of selectivity for melon safety and weed control was narrow for MKH-6561, flufenacet, and thifensulfuron. MKH-6561 and CGA-362622 applied preemergence did not offer any acceptable crop safety relative to the weed control that was observed. Azafenidin, thiazopyr, isoxaben, and pyrithiobac did not demonstrate adequate melon safety compared to providing good weed control.
3
Umeda, Kai. "Defoliant Effect on Melons." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/219951.
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Sodium chlorate exhibited the fastest developing crop phytotoxicity symptoms within 3 days after treatment (DAT). Within three days of application, significant crop injury at 40 and 80% was observed on cantaloupes for sodium chlorate applied at 1.0 and 4.0 lb AI/A, respectively. Thidiazuron/diuron (Ginstar7) caused injury that was slightly slower to develop and the crop declined severely during the next 10 days. Ginstar at 8.0 or 12.0 oz product/A initially caused 20% crop injury. Thidiazuron (Dropp7) caused the least injury on cantaloupes and injury reached unacceptable levels at 1 WAT. Dropp at 0.1 and 0.4 lb AI/A initially showed less than 10% crop injury. Dropp at the rates tested caused minimal defoliation.
4
Umeda, K., D. MacNeil, N. Lund, and D. Roberts. "Herbicide Screen for Melons." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/220345.
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Seventeen herbicides recently gaining registrations in corn, soybeans, or other major crops were evaluated in screening tests for potential use in melons. In a preemergence herbicide screening test, flumioxazin, dimethenamid, halosulfuron, and s-metolachlor demonstrated melon crop safety at rates higher than rates for effective weed control. In a postemergence screening test, halosulfuron and rimsulfuron gave acceptable weed control with adequate crop safety. Flumetsulam and thifensulfuron appeared to offer some acceptable weed control with a very narrow margin of crop safety. Herbicides that did not offer adequate melon crop safety or acceptable weed control in the screening tests were carfentrazone, sulfentrazone, cloransulam, flumiclorac, fluthiamide/metribuzin, imazamox, isoxaflutole, triflusulfuron, primisulfuron/prosulfuron, and clomazone.
5
Wang, You Ming. "The chemistry and biochemistry of melon fruit development and quality /." [S.l. : s.n.], 1994. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20030606.092302/index.html.
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Bokshi, Anowarul Islam. "Postharvest disease control of melons using systemic acquired resistance and other safe methods." Connect to full text, 2008. http://ses.library.usyd.edu.au/handle/2123/3938.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Sydney, 2008.Includes graphs and tables. Includes list of publications co-authored with others. Title from title screen (viewed November 28, 2008. Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy to the Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Natural Resources. Includes bibliographical references. Also available in print form.
7
Palumbo, John C., and Kai Umeda. "Whitefly Management on Desert Melons." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/146699.
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Umeda, K., N. Lund, D. MacNeil, and D. Robertz. "Grass Weed Control in Melons." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/214922.
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Efficacy of the grass herbicides showed that Select (clethodim) and BAS-620 (BASF Corporation) at rates as low as 0.1 lb AI/A were nearly comparable in controlling 2 leaf stage of growth watergrass or when applied a week later on 3-4 inch tall watergrass. Fusilade DX (fluazifop-p-butyl) was intermediate in controlling grasses and 0.188 lb AI/A was necessary to give equivalent control of larger grasses as compared to the 0.1 lb AI/A rate that gave acceptable control of smaller grasses. Poast (sethoxydim) at 0.188 lb AI/A gave acceptable control of small grasses but lower rates or later timed applications were not as efficacious.
9
Umeda, Kai. "Messenger® Effect on Melons." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/214944.
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Messenger applied at three timely applications at early runner, bloom, and fruiting stages of watermelon versus bi-weekly applications, showed no significant statistical differences for vine length, number of blooms, or harvestable yields. Visual observations for the watermelon plant health at the end of the season tended to indicate that the three timely applications resulted in slightly more vigorous plants than the bi-weekly treated watermelon plants. Cantaloupe vine growth, number of fruit set, yield weight, and fruit size were not different between Messenger treatments and were not enhanced compared to the untreated check.
10
Valantin, Muriel. "Fécondation, environnement climatique, équilibre source-puits et qualité du melon cantaloup charentais (cucumis melo L. )." Aix-Marseille 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998AIX30023.
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Nous avons modifie la charge en fruits et leur contenu en graines pour moduler les relations source-puits de la plante et determiner leur influence sur les criteres de qualite du fruit et sur la genese de la vitrescence, une alteration physiologique de la chair du melon cantaloup charentais. Nous avons caracterise sur 2 annees et avec 2 varietes le developpement et l'activite photosynthetique de l'appareil vegetatif aerien, le developpement et la croissance des fruits, la repartition des assimilats au sein de la plante entiere, et la qualite des fruits et l'incidence de la vitrescence a la recolte. Le fruit constitue un puits fort au sein de la plante entiere a cause du cout energetique eleve des graines. Sur les plantes en nouaison libre, l'essentiel de la nouaison s'est fait sur 5 jours et la photosynthese nette foliaire n'a pas ete stimulee, mais la photosynthese nette du couvert, et donc la production globale d'assimilats, a ete reduite du fait d'une diminution de la vitesse d'apparition des feuilles. Dans cette situation de competition pour les assimilats, la vitesse de croissance des fruits etait diminuee ainsi que leur calibre individuel, la fermete de la chair et sa teneur en sucres a maturite tandis que l'incidence de la vitrescence etait accrue par rapport a des fruits produits en l'absence de competition sur des plantes avec un seul fruit noue. La taille du fruit etait bien correlee a son contenu en graines pleines et un faible contenu en graines s'est traduit par une chair plus ferme et une moindre sensibilite a la vitrescence. Ces resultats, avec ceux d'une etude preliminaire sur l'appareil racinaire, ont ete integres dans un schema d'elaboration des principaux criteres de qualite du melon et d'apparition de la vitrescence.
11
Umeda, K., and N. Lund. "Preemergence Herbicides for Weed Control in Melons." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/214936.
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All herbicide treatments, Prefar, Frontier, Dual Magnum, Valor, and Prefar combined with Dual Magnum or Frontier caused less than 10% injury on cantaloupes. Frontier at 0.75 lb AI/A, Dual Magnum at 1.0 lb AI/A, Valor at 0.03 and 0.05 lb AI/A controlled weeds similar to Prefar. Prefar at 4.0 lb AI/A combined with Frontier controlled tumble pigweed (94%), narrowleaf lambsquarters (95%), Wright’s groundcherry (97%), and horse purslane (94%). None of the preemergence herbicide treatments controlled purple nutsedge.
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Guis, Monique. "Transformation génétique du melon Cantaloup charentais : caractérisation de melons transgéniques exprimant un gène antisens de l'ACC oxydase." Toulouse, INPT, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPT007A.
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La maturation des fruits climacteriques est sous le controle d'une hormone vegetale, l'ethylene. Elle represente une cible privilegiee pour la manipulation genetique de la maturation. Certains fruits climacteriques, comme les melons cantaloup charentais (cucumis melo var. Cantalupensis, naud) se caracterisent par une forte production d'ethylene associee a une duree de conservation courte, ce qui constitue un obstacle a leur expansion commerciale. Des fruits presentant une inhibition de la synthese de l'ethylene par expression du gene acc oxydase en orientation antisens ont ete obtenus au laboratoire. Leur etude nous a permis de discriminer les parametres de la maturation dependants et independants de l'ethylene. Par rapport aux fruits temoins, les melons transgeniques ne presentent pas de jaunissement de l'ecorce, ni de ramollissement de la chair. Par contre la teneur en sucre et la couleur de la chair evoluent de la meme maniere pour les deux types de fruits suggerant une independance de l'ethylene. Cependant les melons a production reduite d'ethylene ne developpent pas de zone d'abscission pedonculaire, ils restent donc attaches a la plante et atteignent ainsi des teneurs en sucre plus elevees. L'influence de l'ethylene sur sa propre voie de biosynthese a egalement ete recherchee. Compares aux fruits temoins, les melons transgeniques accumulent de l'acc en grande quantite et presentent une forte activite acc synthase. Dans ces fruits transgeniques, le niveau d'accumulation du macc et l'activite de l'enzyme correspondante, la malonyl-transferase sont faibles. L'ethylene joue donc un role regulateur sur l'activite de ces deux enzymes. Les effets de l'antisens sont completement restaures par un traitement a l'ethylene exogene des fruits transgeniques. Enfin, nous discuterons les retombees de ces recherches sur le plan scientifique et commercial
13
McGinley, Susan. "Tracking a Whitefly-transmitted Cucurbit Virus in Melons." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622088.
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14
Pier, Jerome William 1960. "Optimizing water and nitrogen inputs for trickle irrigated melons." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/191173.
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Rising water costs and concern for groundwater contamination are forcing melon growers to improve irrigation and nitrogen fertilization efficiency. The research objectives were: 1) to determine quantities of nitrogen and water applied through a subsurface drip irrigation system to cantaloupe and watermelon which would optimize fruit yield while minimizing losses of nitrogen and; 2) to develop specific monitoring techniques for assessing the water and nitrogen status of melon crops throughout the growing season. Four years of field research were conducted from 1988 to 1991 at the University of Arizona Maricopa Agricultural Center, Maricopa, AZ. The first two years of research determined which varieties of cantaloupe and watermelon would grow best under drip irrigation and the feasibility of using plant tissue tests to aid in N fertilizer scheduling. The last two years of research used a factorial design with levels of N and target soil water tension to determine response surfaces for fruit yield and net return. Information from tensiometers was used to schedule irrigations. Watermelon petiole nitrate levels at critical growth stages were used to recommend application rates of nitrogen fertilizer. In 1991, an N difference method was used to estimate N which was unaccounted for in this watermelon cropping system. Petiole nitrate levels were highly responsive to N fertilizer treatments and accurately quantified visual observations of crop N status. Petiole nitrate results also indicated that preliminary nitrogen fertilizer management guidelines using a tissue nitrate test was reasonably accurate in predicting optimum nitrogen 'management. Market able yield showed a soil water tension by N interaction. Maximum marketable yield was estimated to be 101 Mg ha⁻¹ at 7.2 kPa tension and 336 kg of applied N ha⁻¹. Maximum net return was estimated to be $8 250 ha⁻¹ when average soil water tension was 10.6 kPa and applied N was 243 kg N ha⁻¹. Unaccountable N was estimated to be 300 kg N ha⁻¹ when N rates were 500 kg ha⁻¹ and average soil water tension was 4 kPa. A response surface was estimated through the transformation and summation of yield, net return and unaccounted for N response variables. The optimum average soil water tension and rate of applied N were 12.6 kPa and 181 kg N ha⁻¹, respectively.
15
Palumbo, John C. "Evaluation of Neonicotinoid Insecticides for Whitefly Management in Melons." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/214926.
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Several studies were conducted in the spring and fall 2001 to evaluate a number of neonicotinoid compounds (Admire, Calypso, Actara, Platinum and dinotefuron) for whitefly control in spring and fall melons. The results of these studies demonstrate that several insecticide products are being developed that offer melon growers management alternatives for controlling whiteflies. The new foliar neonicotinoid Calypso (thiacloprid), shows excellent promise as a foliar, post-planting spray with 14-21 day residual. Further, no consistent negative interaction was detected between Platinum and fertilizer, 10-34-0 and UN 32, applied together as at-planting or side dress soil treatments. These treatments provided good whitefly control, but further research is needed to replicate these effects as Platinum has been labeled at lower rates than the manufacturer initially anticipated. At planting applications of Platinum at 8 oz (current labeled rate) did however provide acceptable residual control of whiteflies on fall melons under heavy population pressure.
16
Wang, You Ming. "The chemistry and biochemistry of melon fruit development and quality." Thesis, [S.l. : s.n.], 1994. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/86.
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A number of methods for the analysis of free amino acids in melon fruit have been evaluated experimentally. Analysis of their tBDMS derivatives by GC (gas chromatography) was found to be the most suitable for the mix of free amino acid found in the melon matrix. It affords good yields of amino acid derivatives with excellent gas chromatographic properties and characteristic mass spectra. The single-step derivatization procedure is highly reproducible and allows simultaneous analysis of asparagine and glutamine together with their corresponding acids. Changes in amino acids, sugars, the principal acids, volatiles and minerals in the free form were studied in the fruit mesocarp during development, ripening and storage of the fruits. Sucrose was the principal sugar, absent in young fruit but showing a dramatic increase during ripening while the levels of fructose and glucose remained constant during the whole course of fruit growth or slightly decreased during ripening and storage. The quantitative determination of 22 free amino acids was achieved by GC analysis using the method developed. Total aroma volatiles were determined using a headspace-gas chromatographic technique. They increased and reached a maximum value just before fruit full slip. Most of the esters characteristic of melon aroma were absent in young fruit but developed at the ripening stage. Changes in the quantities of mineral nutrients present in the fruits were determined by ICP-AES analysis. The concentrations of most elements increased thoughout the fruit development except for Ca which decreased markedly and Cu which decreased during early growth then fluctuated around lower values later in the development stage. All of the above changes can be related to the metabolic activity during fruit growth and maturation. Statistical analysis showed changes in TV, TSS, TS, pH, some free amino acids and some minerals were strongly correlated.
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Palumbo, John. "Comparative Efficacy of Insecticide Combinations Against Whitefly Adults in Melons." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/215008.
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Several large plot field studies were conducted in the spring of 2006 and 2007 to evaluate and compare the efficacy of several insecticides (used alone and in combinations) for knockdown and residual control of adult whiteflies in cantaloupes. Treatments were initiated when adult whitefly populations exceeded action threshold of 2 adults/ leaf. Evaluations of adult and immature control were made a various intervals following each application. The results of this study demonstrate that the synergized pyrethroid still provides the most significant knockdown activity on whitefly adults among registered alternatives in melons. In most cases, the addition of endosulfan (Thionex) with bifenthrinin provided 7-14 days of adult suppression below the action threshold. Residual control of adults was less effective following a second sequential application. Other alternative tank-mix partners with Capture were less effective, but might be useful to use in rotation with the Capture+Thionex treatments to provide adult knockdown. As we anticipated, adult and immature whitefly control did not differ among the bifenthrin formulations (Capture vs. generics). Finally, because of the risk of whitefly resistance and the heavy reliance on pyrethoids in all vegetable crops grown in the desert, new alternatives for adult whitefly control are needed.
18
Umeda, Kai. "Preemergence and Postemergence Herbicide Combinations for Weed Control in Melons." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/215238.
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Sandea at 0.05 lb ai/A tank-mixed with Matrix at 0.02 lb ai/A and applied POST following Prefar applied preemergence on cantaloupes gave very good control of pigweeds, lambsquarters, purple nutsedge, and junglerice. Melon injury was just acceptable at 15%. The tank-mix treatment applied POST was similarly effective on the pigweeds, lambsquarters, and nutsedge but grass weed control decreased slightly and melon injury increased when following preemergence herbicide treatments of Dual Magnum, Outlook, or Chateau. Single or multiple POST applications of Sandea alone were not effective against pigweeds.
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Bokshi, A. I. "POSTHARVEST DISEASE CONTROL OF MELONS USING SYSTEMIC ACQUIRED RESISTANCE AND OTHER." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/3938.
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The goal of this research was to test commercially viable alternative methods to fungicides for controlling storage diseases of melons that are safe for human health and the environment. Initially, experiments were conducted on melons to develop a protocol for optimum conditions of disease development during storage for different pathogens and for different stages of fruit maturity. For all pathogens tested, the study found that humidity greater than 90% and temperatures above 20° C support infection and rapid growth of disease. Differences in the rate of infection and extent of disease development after the inoculation of different storage pathogens was observed between rockmelon and honeydew melons, indicating differences in host pathogen interactions. Among the tested pathogens, Alternaria spp. was the least aggressive in infection and disease severity, growing considerably slower than Fusarium acuminatum which was moderately aggressive and Rhizopus spp. which was very aggressive, in comparison. Green half-slip melons showed greater resistance to pathogen attack than green full-slip fruit, while yellow full-slip melons were highly susceptible to pathogen attack. Therefore, the laboratory experiments for postharvest treatments of rockmelons were performed using green full-slip fruit challenged with F. acuminatum. Evaluation of physical and safe chemical methods of postharvest treatment to control postharvest diseases of melons showed that none of the treatments alone was as effective as the commercially available fungicide. Hot water solutions of safe compounds considerably increase their efficacy against postharvest rots, however, symptoms of phytotoxicity on the rind after dipping made their use unacceptable. Iodine was the only safe chemical tested which did not cause any phytotoxicity on melons. When combined with hot water, iodine showed the best control of storage rots and was as good as the fungicides carbendazim or guazatine. Hot water iodine dipping of fruit also delayed ripening and fruit were firmer during storage for a longer period of time. Systemic acquired resistance (SAR) was evaluated as a method of controlling powdery mildew in glasshouse grown rockmelon seedlings by treating with the activators 2,6-dichloroisonicotinic acid (INA) or benzothiadiazole (BTH) or water. Increased resistance due to application of INA or BTH, was observed by the reduction of powdery mildew on pre-inoculated detached leaves and also on intact leaves from natural infections. Heightened resistance due to spraying with elicitors of SAR, was further evident by the increased activities of the pathogenesis related proteins (PR proteins), peroxidase and accumulation of phenolics or antifungal compounds during and after challenge inoculation. Field grown rockmelons were treated with INA or BTH or BABA (β-aminobutyric acid) or water at various stages of plant growth and evaluated for increased resistance against pre and postharvest diseases. Both powdery mildew and downy mildew were significantly less on the SAR elicitor treated plants. Preharvest treatment with SAR elicitors also reduced storage diseases of the harvested rockmelon fruit. The reduction in postharvest disease was similar whether plants were treated once, three weeks before harvest, or given four sprays during the growing season beginning at anthesis. A further postharvest dip with 500 ppm of guazatine gave substantial reduction of storage rots of melons. Enhanced activities of chitinase and peroxidase, two major PR-proteins, compared to the control, indicated induction of defence had occurred in the foliage and fruit as a result of SAR. Over the course of four field and one glasshouse experiments slight phytotoxicity was observed in plants frequently sprayed with INA or BTH, but no phytotoxicity was seen after a single spray during the late stages of fruit development. The combination of SAR elicitor treatment and use of a safe postharvest dip provided substantial control of storage rots of rockmelons. The best treatment for control of storage rots involved application of BTH (50 ppm) two weeks before harvest, combined with a hot iodine dip (55° C) of fruit, achieving equivalent or better disease control than use of guazatine fungicide dip.
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Bokshi, A. I. "POSTHARVEST DISEASE CONTROL OF MELONS USING SYSTEMIC ACQUIRED RESISTANCE AND OTHER." University of Sydney, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/3938.
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Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)The goal of this research was to test commercially viable alternative methods to fungicides for controlling storage diseases of melons that are safe for human health and the environment. Initially, experiments were conducted on melons to develop a protocol for optimum conditions of disease development during storage for different pathogens and for different stages of fruit maturity. For all pathogens tested, the study found that humidity greater than 90% and temperatures above 20° C support infection and rapid growth of disease. Differences in the rate of infection and extent of disease development after the inoculation of different storage pathogens was observed between rockmelon and honeydew melons, indicating differences in host pathogen interactions. Among the tested pathogens, Alternaria spp. was the least aggressive in infection and disease severity, growing considerably slower than Fusarium acuminatum which was moderately aggressive and Rhizopus spp. which was very aggressive, in comparison. Green half-slip melons showed greater resistance to pathogen attack than green full-slip fruit, while yellow full-slip melons were highly susceptible to pathogen attack. Therefore, the laboratory experiments for postharvest treatments of rockmelons were performed using green full-slip fruit challenged with F. acuminatum. Evaluation of physical and safe chemical methods of postharvest treatment to control postharvest diseases of melons showed that none of the treatments alone was as effective as the commercially available fungicide. Hot water solutions of safe compounds considerably increase their efficacy against postharvest rots, however, symptoms of phytotoxicity on the rind after dipping made their use unacceptable. Iodine was the only safe chemical tested which did not cause any phytotoxicity on melons. When combined with hot water, iodine showed the best control of storage rots and was as good as the fungicides carbendazim or guazatine. Hot water iodine dipping of fruit also delayed ripening and fruit were firmer during storage for a longer period of time. Systemic acquired resistance (SAR) was evaluated as a method of controlling powdery mildew in glasshouse grown rockmelon seedlings by treating with the activators 2,6-dichloroisonicotinic acid (INA) or benzothiadiazole (BTH) or water. Increased resistance due to application of INA or BTH, was observed by the reduction of powdery mildew on pre-inoculated detached leaves and also on intact leaves from natural infections. Heightened resistance due to spraying with elicitors of SAR, was further evident by the increased activities of the pathogenesis related proteins (PR proteins), peroxidase and accumulation of phenolics or antifungal compounds during and after challenge inoculation. Field grown rockmelons were treated with INA or BTH or BABA (β-aminobutyric acid) or water at various stages of plant growth and evaluated for increased resistance against pre and postharvest diseases. Both powdery mildew and downy mildew were significantly less on the SAR elicitor treated plants. Preharvest treatment with SAR elicitors also reduced storage diseases of the harvested rockmelon fruit. The reduction in postharvest disease was similar whether plants were treated once, three weeks before harvest, or given four sprays during the growing season beginning at anthesis. A further postharvest dip with 500 ppm of guazatine gave substantial reduction of storage rots of melons. Enhanced activities of chitinase and peroxidase, two major PR-proteins, compared to the control, indicated induction of defence had occurred in the foliage and fruit as a result of SAR. Over the course of four field and one glasshouse experiments slight phytotoxicity was observed in plants frequently sprayed with INA or BTH, but no phytotoxicity was seen after a single spray during the late stages of fruit development. The combination of SAR elicitor treatment and use of a safe postharvest dip provided substantial control of storage rots of rockmelons. The best treatment for control of storage rots involved application of BTH (50 ppm) two weeks before harvest, combined with a hot iodine dip (55° C) of fruit, achieving equivalent or better disease control than use of guazatine fungicide dip.
21
Doerge, Thomas A., Kevin H. Pritchard, Jerome W. Pier, Pedro Fernandez, and Ted W. McCreary. "Nitrogen Utilization Efficiency in Melons Using Soluble and Slow Release Fertilizers." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/221437.
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A field experiment was conducted at the Maricopa Agricultural Center on a Casa Grande sandy loam soil to compare the nitrogen (N) utilization efficiency achieved using slowrelease and conventional nitrogen fertilizers under subsurface drip irrigated melon production conditions. 'Mirage' watermelon, 'Laguna' cantaloupe and 'Gallicum' honeyloupe were used as the test crops. Single, preplant applications of three slow - release products (methylene urea, coated ammonium sulfate and coated urea) were compared with the use of urea -ammonium nitrate added in either one or three split applications. The total amount of N applied to all treated plots was 100 lbs. per acre. Whole plant samples were taken four times during the season to determine N uptake patterns. Petioles from the youngest fully expanded leaves were sampled on four dates throughout the season to monitor the N status of all plots. At harvest, total and marketable melon yields were determined. In general, the methylene urea treatment was superior to the use of coated (NH₄)₂SO₄ which in turn was far superior to the coated urea product. The split UAN and preplant UAN treatments had the highest numerical values for total N uptake for all three melon types. However, these values were usually not statistically different from the N uptake in response to the three slow- release N treatments. The type of water delivery system may have reduced the potential advantages of using slow-versus fast-release N fertilizers.
22
Palumbo, John C. "Evaluation of Insect Growth Regulators for Management of Whiteflies in Melons." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/221650.
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Whitefly populations were assessed under different IGR exposure levels, and compared to Admire. When used alone during the season Applaud, Knack, and Sterling significantly reduced immature colonization similar to the standard Admire application and significantly greater than the untreated melons. Applaud treatments, regardless of spray frequency, showed the most consistent reduction in immature whiteflies. Applaud through its vapor activity also appeared to provide a long residual period of control against nymphs. Single applications of Knack and Sterling were considerably less effective in preventing colonization than applying these material twice during the season. These compounds appeared to have considerably less residual activity, which is consistent with their modes of activity. All of the IGRs had a significant impact on the distribution of nymphs among the leaves on the primary vine. In addition, Applaud provided the best melon quality. We now have a good understanding of how the IGRs influence whitefly population growth, the residual mortality of the IGRs and proper application timing for whitefly management. This information will allow us to develop a simple and reliable method that growers and PCAs can use to assess product performance and time spray applications.
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Little, Richard. "COMPARATIVE FERTILITY EVALUATION FOR PEPPERS AND MELONS ON AN EXTENSIVE GREEN ROOF." OpenSIUC, 2018. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/2466.
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AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS OF Richard A. Little, for the Master of Science degree in PLANT, SOIL AND AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS, presented on 2018, at Southern Illinois University. TITLE: COMPARATIVE FERTILITY EVALUATION FOR PEPPERS AND MELONS ON AN EXTENSIVE GREEN ROOF. MAJOR PROFESSORS: Karen Stoelzle Midden Co- Chair, Dr. S. Alan Walters Co-Chair, Dr. Brian P. Klubek. With the continued expansion of urban centers around the world comes a growing population of urban dwellers who need a reliable supply of produce that is healthy, safe, and locally grown. Urban green roof agriculture provides an alternative growing space to supply healthy and affordable produce to local markets and helps to address food security. However, there have been few studies done on the fertility requirements for fruits and vegetables grown in an extensive green roof environment. The growing media of most extensive green roof systems are composed mainly of light weight clay aggregate and contain a low amount of organic matter. Appropriate fertility treatments are required to optimize the potential for green roof agriculture. This research study evaluated 6 treatments for ‘Sweet Hungarian’ Peppers (Capsicum annuum, L.) and 4 treatments for ‘Savor’ Charentais Melons (Cucumis melo var. Cantalupensis, L.) grown in a three-inch extensive green roof medium located on the Southern Illinois University campus. A randomized complete design was used for both fruit crops. Each treatment for both the melons and peppers were replicated three times. Each pepper and melon plot contained 4 plants. The treatments applied to ‘Sweet Hungarian’ Peppers were: (1) Limited (reduced) fertility (Organic Miracle GrowTM at bi-monthly intervals-200 mls of solution/12 ft2 Plot); 2) Bonemeal at 6 Tbsp/12 ft2 Plot (applied at planting and flowering); 3) Bloodmeal at 6 Tbsp/12 ft2 Plot (applied at planting and flowering); 4) Bonemeal at planting then sidedressed with bloodmeal at flowering (6 Tbsp/12 ft2 Plot); 5) OsmocoteTM applied once at planting and once at flowering (3.8 oz/12 ft2); and 6) Standard granular fertilizer (13-13-13) with a broadcast application of (1.9 oz/12 ft2) complimented with a sidedress of (13% N by volume calcium nitrate at 1.9 oz/12 ft2) at flowering. The Charentais Melon treatments were: (1) Limited (reduced) fertility (Organic Miracle GrowTM at bi-monthly intervals-200 mls of solution/15 ft2 Plot); 2) Standard granular fertilizer (13-13-13) with a broadcast application of (2.4 oz/15 ft2) complimented with a sidedress of (13% N by volume calcium nitrate at 2.4 oz/15 ft2) at flowering; 3) OsmocoteTM applied once at planting and once at flowering (4.75 oz/15 ft2) 4) vermicompost at 25% of medium by total volume of 120L plot complimented by a sidedress of bloodmeal (7.5 Tbsp/15 ft2) at flowering. Watering was applied daily through drip line irrigation as needed. Plant vigor and active chlorophyll content, monthly from June to August, were recorded with a chlorophyll radiospectrometer. At harvest, the weight and yield were recorded for each plot number. In addition, nutrient composition of the green roof medium was analyzed for each treatment at the beginning of each year of replication. The objective of this research was to identify differences between a set of fertility treatments for the optimization of green roof food production and to reduce fertilizer use. The data from the three year study was analyzed using JMP statistical software. Year by treatment interactions were detected (P ≤ 0.05) for Pepper weight and yield parameters. OsmocoteTM and conventional 13-13-13 treatments outperformed the organic treatments. OsmocoteTM had higher yields than any other treatment for all three years. For the melons, environmental factors made the data inconclusive. However, the results suggest that OsmocoteTM and Vermicompost may have shown some positive interactions among the test parameters such as weight and yield.
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Palumbo, John C., F. J. Reyes, C. H. Jr Mullis, A. Amaya, L. Ledesma, and L. Carey. "Residual Efficacy and Field Performance of Thiacloprid (Calypso) Against Whiteflies in Melons." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/214913.
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Studies were conducted to compare the residual field efficacy of Calypso, compared with soil applications of Admire and foliar sprays of Provado and Actara. The results demonstrate that several insecticide product uses are being developed that offer melon growers management alternatives for controlling whiteflies comparable to what they have experienced with Admire. Calypso showed excellent promise as a foliar, post-planting spray with good residual activity. Two spray applications provided good whitefly control and excellent crop and melon quality. Although we saw a measurable impact on some natural enemies, the compound is supposedly very safe to honeybees. Overall, when directed at low adult and immature densities, Calypso provided 14-21 days of residual control and was capable of preventing yield and quality losses in spring melons. These studies also emphasize, that like the IGRs, these foliar neonicotinoids should be used when whiteflies densities are low and beginning to build. This compound may be available as early as 2002.
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Jean-Baptiste, Isabelle. "Etude de la nutrition minérale du melon (Cucumis melo L. ) : application à la vitrescence du fruit." Toulouse, INPT, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996INPT014A.
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Les appareils vegetatif et racinaire du melon (cucumus melo var maestro) se caracterisent par une tres grande richesse en calcium, en phosphore, en fer, en manganese et en bore. Les fruits sont riches en potassium, en azote et en phosphore. Par contre, ils renferment peu de calcium. Le fractionnement en pulpe, ecorce, placenta et graines indique que les graines sont riches en azote, en manganese, en phosphore, en cuivre et en fer. Le placenta et les pulpes sont riches en potassium et les ecorces en calcium. L'evolution des teneurs en elements mineraux durant le grossissement du fruit (entre les stades 20 jours et fruits murs) indique que seuls le potassium et l'azote se maintiennent a des teneurs constantes tout au long du developpement du fruit. Pour les autres elements (p, mg et les oligo-elements), une baisse de teneurs est observee. Cette baisse de teneurs est due a un effet de dilution de ces elements sous l'effet de l'elaboration importante de la matiere seche de ces fruits. La baisse des teneurs en calcium est particulierement marquee. Ceci est a relier a l'accumulation de cet element qui s'effectue essentiellement durant les 20 premiers jours du developpement du fruit. Une carence en calcium entre 3 et 11 jours apres l'anthese a provoque une forte baisse des teneurs en calcium au sein des fruits. A partir de 20 jours, la carence en calcium n'a pas modifie de facon notable les teneurs en calcium dans le fruit. La realimentation en calcium du milieu n'a pas permis aux fruits carences de retrouver les niveaux de teneurs des fruits temoins. L'alimentation en calcium joue un role majeur dans la manifestation de la vitrescence, le stress hydrique provoque la vitrescence mais n'entraine pas de modifications des teneurs en calcium. Une periode critique pour le declenchement des symptomes qui se situe entre l'anthese et les 20 premiers jours qui suivent a donc pu etre mise en evidence. Enfin, l'effet de la carence est plus nette sur les sucs extraits des tissus conducteurs que sur les feuilles
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Palumbo, John C., Athayde Jr Tonhasca, and David N. Byrne. "Sampling Schemes and Action Thresholds for Sweet Potato Whitefly Management in Spring Melons." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/214720.
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Early season infestations of sweet potato whiteflies, Bemisia tabaci ( Gennadius) were monitored in fields of cantaloupe, Cucumis melo L., near Yuma, Arizona. We used these data to describe the relationship between the proportion of infested leaves and mean adult population density for the entire field. This model was used to develop a binomial sampling plan based on a presence- absence approach. We evaluated the model with three independent data sets, and the level of agreement between the model and data was reasonable for pest management purposes. A minimum sample size of 200 leaves is suggested for maximum accuracy. By turning over 50 leaves in the four quadrants of a field and determining what proportion have whiteflies (i.e., are there whitefly adults on the leaf or not), growers can estimate field populations. We recommend that if 60% of the sampled leaves have whiteflies then it is time to make a pesticide application because that tells you that population levels are approaching 3 adults per leaf.
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Fonseca, Jorge. "Yield and Postharvest Quality of Cantaloupe Melons as Affected by Calcium Foliar Applications." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/214999.
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The effect of pre-harvest foliar application of calcium on yield and postharvest quality of whole and fresh-cut cantaloupe melons was investigated. The calcium product (Nutrical®) was applied five times before harvest to a melon field at 2 quarts/acre with a volume of 50 gallons/acre. The supplemented calcium increased by over 10% the weight of melons and increased external firmness at harvest but soluble solids was lower in treated melons than in the control. After 21 days of storage at 40 - 45 °F however, there was not difference in quality factors. Melons were processed in cubes and packaged in plastic lidded containers. The overall quality of calcium treated cubes was better after 5 and 10 days of storage. Juice leakage was also higher in the control than in the treated fruits after 5 days. After 10 days the L* values were lower in the control than in the treated fruits indicating that the tissue was darker in the control, which was an indicative of more water soaked tissue. In further trials conducted the following Spring the results obtained at harvest showed differences only in weight of melons that underwent water stress. The overall results in different experiments in the Yuma area indicate that application of foliar calcium can increase yield of melon crops, notably, when the plants undergo environmental stress.
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Palumbo, John C., Clay Jr Muliis, Francisco Reyes, Andreas Amaya, Luis Lesdesma, and Lisa Cary. "Comparison of Neonicotinoid Use Patterns for Silverleaf Whitefly Management in Melons and Broccoli." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/219995.
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Studies were conducted in 1998 and 1999 to evaluate three neonicotinoid insecticides for control of silverleaf whiteflies in melons and broccoli plots at the Yuma Agricultural Center. The results of these studies demonstrate that these insecticide uses offer vegetable growers management alternatives for controlling whiteflies comparable to what they have experienced with Admire®. In our spring trials, we applied Platinum® at planting, as a split application, and as a sidedress application. All methods provided whitefly efficacy similar to that provided by Admire. However, the split and sidedress applications provided more consistent residual control than Platinum applied at planting. Because of the mobility of the product in the soil, growers may have more flexibility for effectively applying the material post-planting. In addition, Assail, was applied as a foliar spray at various densities. Under spring growing conditions, applications of Assail provided significant whitefly control when initiated at low densities. Under high whitefly densities on fall melons and broccoli, application of Assail was capable of significantly reducing existing immature populations. These evaluations suggests that Platinum and Assail may be promising alternatives to Admire. We presume that it may allow growers to use the product in a responsive manner as a side dress (Platinum) or as a foliar (Assail) rather than having to rely on prophylactic Admire applications at planting.
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Lima, Luciana Costa 1973. "Qualidade do melão 'Orange flesh' minimamente processado e submetido a diferentes métodos de conservação /." Botucatu : [s.n.], 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/103230.
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Resumo: Este trabalho teve como objetivos avaliar: Experimento 1 - diferentes etapas de sanificação de melões minimamente processados em fatias; Experimento 2 - diferentes etapas de sanificação de melões minimamente processados em cubos; Experimento 3 - aplicação de diferentes concentrações de ácido ascórbico e Experimento 4 - efeito de diferentes concentrações de O2 e CO2. Nas atmosferas modificadas ativas, foram injetadas diferentes concentrações de O2 e CO2 para promover a modificação da atmosfera. Os experimentos foram conduzidos com melão 'Orange Flesh', produzidos no Rio Grande do Norte e obtidos no GEAGESP- SP. No Experimento 1 e 2, os melões inteiros foram sanificados com 500 mg L-1 de hipoclorito de sódio por 10 minutos e os cortes com 100 mg L-1 por 5 minutos. Após lavagem e drenagem, os cortes foram acondicionados em embalagens PET recobertas com polietileno de 18mm e armazenados a 5l1°C e 85l5% de UR por 8 dias, sendo avaliados a cada 2 dias. No Experimento 3, os melões inteiros foram sanificados com 500 mg L-1 de hipoclorito de sódio por 10 minutos e os cortes com 100 mg L-1 por 1 minuto antes de serem tratados com diferentes concentrações de ácido ascórbico (0%, 1%, 2% e 3%) em imersão a temperatura ambiente por 10 minutos. Após drenagem, os cubos de melões foram armazenados conforme descrito no Experimento 1. No Experimento 4, os cubos de melões foram sanificados com 100 mg L-1 de hipoclorito de sódio por 1 minuto, lavados, drenados e embalados com diferentes concentrações de O2 e CO2 em sacos plásticos de polietileno (Nylon Poli) com características de alta barreira ao oxigênio e ao vapor d'água. Nos quatro experimentos, os produtos foram submetidos a análises físicas, físico-químicas, químicas, bioquímicas, microbiológicas e sensoriais. O delineamento experimental utilizado, para os 4 experimentos...(Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)Abstract: This work was intended to evaluate: Experiment 1 - different etaps of sanification of melons fresh cut into slices; Experiment 2 - different etaps of sanification of fresh cut melons into dice; Experiment 3- application of different concentrations of ascorbic acid and Experiment 4 - effects of different concentrations of O2 and CO2. In the active modified atmospheres, different concentrations of O2 and CO2 were injected to promote the modification of the atmosphere. The experiments were conducted on Orange Flesh melon, grown in Rio Grande do Norte and obtained in the CEAGESP - SP. In Experiment 1 e 2, the melons were sanified whole with 500 mg L-1 of sodium hypochlorite for 10 minutes and the cuts with 100 mg L-1 for 5 minutes. After washing and drainage, the cuts were packed in PET packages lined with polietileno of 18 mm and stored at 5 l 1°C and 85 l 5% the RH for 8 days, their being evaluated every 2 days. In Experiment 3, the melons were sanified whole with 500 mg L-1 of sodium hypochlorite for 10 minutes and the cuts with 100 mg L-1 for 1 minute and soon afterwards they were tested under different concentrations of ascorbic acid (0%, 1%, 2% and 3%) in immersion at room temperature for 10 minutes. After drainage, the melons fresh cut into dices were sanified as reported in Experiment 1. In Experiment 4, the fresh cut melons were sanified with 100 mg L-1 of sodium hypochlorite for 1 minute and afterwards submitted to different concentrations of O2 and CO2. After washing and drainage, the fruits were stored in plastic bags (Nylon Poli) with characteristics of high barrier to oxygen and water vapor. In the four experiments were performed physical, physicochemical, chemical, biochemical, microbiological and sensorial analyses...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Orientador: Rogério Lopes Vieites
Coorientador: Eduardo Valério de Barros Vilas Boas
Banca: Regina Marta Evangelista
Banca: Luiz Carlos de O. Lima
Banca: Jose Fernando Durigan
Doutor
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Maestro, Tejada Maria Carmen. "Résistance du melon aux virus : interaction avec les pucerons vecteurs, analyse génétique sur des lignées halodiploi͏̈des." Aix-Marseille 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992AIX30021.
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L'analyse genetique de la resistance partielle du geniteur pi 161375 vis-a-vis de deux virus affectant le melon (cmv pathotypes commun et song et prsv-w) est presentee. L'approche suivie, fait intervenir la descendance haplodiploide issue de l'hybride f1 entre pi 161375 et une variete sensible de melon de type charentais (vedrantais). Ceci donne acces a l'analyse independante des diverses composantes de la resistance (expression des symptomes, multiplication du virus, inoculation et acquisition du virus par les pucerons) puis a l'etude des correlations entre ces mecanismes et entre les deux virus. 54 lignees haplodiploides gynogenetiques (hd) ont ete obtenues. Le rendement initial en haploides de l'hybride f1 se situe a 2,8 embryons/fruit en moyenne. 10% des embryons haploides ont donne une lignee hd. Une etude du rendement du cycle d'obtention de lignees haplodiploides utilisables dans l'analyse genetique est presentee. L'analyse de la segregation pour 5 marqueurs monogeniques de resistance a diverses maladies sur la descendance haplodiploide a mis en evidence l'existence d'une selection gametique operee par la technique d'haplodiploidisation pour 4 d'entre eux. L'ensemble des variables etudiees (severite des symptomes, dosage serologique elisa du virus et du facteur assistant, taux d'acquisition et de transmission par pucerons) montre une expression quantitative sur la generation hd. A l'exception de la resistance partielle a l'inoculation par les pucerons, la variation observee est heritable. L'analyse biometrique a mis en evidence la predominance des effets additifs des genes dans l'expression de la resistance. Des parametres tels que l'heritabilite et le nombre de genes en segregation ont ete estimes. Les resultats obtenus suggerent un controle genetique independant de la resistance au cmv et au prsv-w. Des resultats preliminaires concernant la resistance partielle au sqmv, notamment a la transmission du virus par la graine, sont presentes
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Pier, J. W., T. A. Doerge, J. L. Stroehlein, and T. McCreary. "Nitrogen and Water Effects on Yield, Quality and Tissue Nitrate Concentration in Subsurface Trickle Irrigated Melons." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/221438.
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Rising water costs and concern for groundwater contamination are encouraging growers to improve irrigation and fertilization efficiency. The objectives of this study were to determine water and fertilizer nitrogen (N) rates leading to optimum yield and harvest quality and to develop a plant tissue test to aid in melon nitrogen fertilization. In 1990, a field experiment consisting of a complete 3x3 factorial arrangement of optimum, sub- and super-optimum rates of urea ammonium- nitrate and water applied through a subsurface trickle irrigation system to cantaloupe, honeyloupe and watermelon was conducted at the Maricopa Agricultural Center. Petioles were sampled from the youngest mature leaf beginning at the early runner stage and then weekly until first harvest. Petiole nitrate concentrations were determined using a high pressure liquid ion chromatograph. Harvested melons were weighed and graded for marketability and soluble solids were determined. Petiole nitrate levels were highly responsive to N fertilizer treatments and accurately quantified visual observations of crop N status. Petiole nitrate results also indicated that later fertilizer split applications occurred after the point of maximum plant uptake. Tensiometer readings suggested that the highest rate of water application led to deep percolation and nitrate leaching where nitrogen fertilizer was excessive. Watermelon showed the clearest yield response to the water and nitrogen treatments. Honeyloupe responded well to high water but poorly to higher nitrogen application rates. Cantaloupe yields responded best to higher nitrogen and medium water levels.
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Stanghellini, M. E., S. L. Rasmussen, D. H. Kim, and N. Oebker. "Vine-Decline of Melons Caused by Monosporascus cannonballus in Arizona: Epidemiology and Cultivar Susceptibility." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/221463.
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Palumbo, John C. "Seasonal Dynamics and Management of Whiteflies on Melons and Vegetables in the Desert Southwest." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/221609.
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For the past 5 years, Arizona growers have been faced with the challenge of managing whiteflies populations to prevent yield reduction and loss of quality of their vegetable and melon crops. A large cooperative research effort was directed statewide to better understand how whiteflies develop on the numerous host -crops available and the environmental factors that influence their survival throughout the year. This information was used to develop short and long term management approaches for controlling whitefly populations. We quickly discovered that preventing whiteflies from colonizing plants was the key to successful management of whitefly populations in vegetable and melon crops. This report attempts to summarize what we presently understand about factors that influence the seasonal abundance of whiteflies in southern Arizona cropping systems. Non-chemical and chemical management approaches that have been developed by researchers and implemented by the agricultural communities are discussed
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Palumbo, John, and Wayne Coates. "Deposition and Efficacy of Capture and Thiodan Applied to Melons Using Several Application Technologies." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/214748.
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A study was conducted in 1995 to evaluate five application technologies in the field in terms of deposition efficiency, as well as to assess their abilities to control the sweet potato whitefly and thereby influence crop yield. The FMC and ESS-on treatments provided the greatest deposition on the ventral side of the leaves. The FMC system tended to maintain high ventral deposition efficiencies as the plants grew and the canopy closed, whereas the efficiency of the ESS declined. Differences in ventral deposition efficiency among treatments were not closely associated with differences in whitefly control, although the declining rate of ventral deposition for the ESS-on is also reflected in its declining superiority in adult insect control relative to the CDA and conventional systems. The ESS sprayer provided somewhat better whitefly control than the conventional treatment, and was also associated with a higher yield of #12 melons than the control and Admire treatments, but not better than the conventional treatment. Early control of adults was associated with reduced egg counts later in the season, suggesting that there may be long term control advantages with the ESS system. New application technologies need to be developed to obtain higher ventral deposition and maximum whitefly control, with minimum use of insecticides.
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Umeda, Kai. "Evaluation of New Preemergence Herbicides Alone and in Combinations for Weed Control in Melons." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/214958.
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Azafenidin (Milestone®, Dupont) and flumioxazin (Valor®, Valent)) caused cantaloupe injury that was very marginal between acceptable (<15%) and unacceptable (>15%). Flufenacet (Bayer), isoxaben (Gallery, DowAgroSciences), and thifensulfuron (Harmony®, Dupont) at the rates tested caused severe crop injury. Isoxaben provided very good weed control (>90%), azafenidin provided acceptable control of only lambsquarters at 88% and less than acceptable (85%) control of pigweeds, purslane, and grasses, and flumioxazin at the higher rate of 0.05 lb AI/A tended to offer slightly better weed control than the lower rate but overall it was marginally acceptable. Bensulide (Prefar®) combined with flumioxazin caused negligible crop phytotoxicity and better than 93% control for purslane, pigweeds, lambsquarters, and grasses. Combinations of herbicides offered slightly improved weed control compared to herbicides applied alone. Crop injury increased for combinations with dimethenamid (Outlook®, Frontier®, BASF) and s-metolachlor (Dual Magnum®, Syngenta).
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Palumbo, John, Kurt Nolte, Al Fournier, and Peter Ellsworth. "Insect Crop Losses and Insecticide Usage for Spring Melons in Southwestern Arizona for 2007." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/215007.
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Impact assessment is central to the evolution and evaluation of our IPM programs. Quantifiable metrics on insecticide use patterns, costs, targets, and frequency, crop losses due to all stressors of yield and quality, and other real world economic data (e.g., crop value) are our most objective tools for assessing change in our systems. We recently initiated a project to measure the impact of insect losses and insecticide uses in cantaloupes and watermelons grown in Yuma, AZ and the Bard-Winterhaven area of Imperial County, CA. The data generated in this report is useful for responding to pesticide information requests generated by EPA, and can provide a basis for regulatory processes such as Section 18 or 24c requests, as well as for evaluating the impact of our extension programs on risk reduction to growers. This information also confirms the value of PCAs to the melon industry by showing the importance of cost-effective management of insect pests in desert production.
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Palumbo, John, Al Fournier, Peter Ellsworth, Kurt Nolte, and Pat Clay. "Insect Crop Losses and Insecticide Usage for Spring Melons in Southwestern Arizona: 2004 – 2006." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/215023.
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Impact assessment is central to the evolution and evaluation of our IPM programs. Quantifiable metrics on insecticide use patterns, costs, targets, and frequency, crop losses due to all stressors of yield and quality, and other real world economic data (e.g., crop value) are our most objective tools for assessing change in our systems. We recently initiated a project to measure the impact of insect losses and insecticide uses in cantaloupes and watermelons grown in Yuma, AZ and the Bard–Winterhaven area of Imperial County, CA. The data generated in this report is useful for responding to pesticide information requests generated by EPA, and can provide a basis for regulatory processes such as Section 18 or 24c requests, as well as for evaluating the impact of our extension programs on risk reduction to growers. This information also confirms the value of PCAs to the melon industry by showing the importance of cost-effective management of insect pests in desert production.
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Palumbo, John, Al Fournier, Peter Ellsworth, Erin Taylor, and Kevin Rice. "Insect Crop Losses and Insecticide Usage for Spring Melons in Central Arizona for 2007." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/215037.
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Impact assessment is central to the evolution and evaluation of our IPM programs. Quantifiable metrics on insecticide use patterns, costs, targets, and frequency, crop losses due to all stressors of yield and quality, and other real world economic data (e.g., crop value) are our most objective tools for assessing change in our systems. We recently initiated a project to measure the impact of insect losses and insecticide uses in cantaloupes and watermelons grown in central Arizona (Maricopa, Pinal and La Paz counties). The data generated in this report is useful for responding to pesticide information requests generated by EPA, and can provide a basis for regulatory processes such as Section 18 or 24c requests, as well as for evaluating the impact of our extension programs on risk reduction to growers. This information also confirms the value of PCAs to the melon industry by showing the importance of cost-effective management of insect pests in desert production.
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Morgado, Cristiane Maria Ascari [UNESP]. "Conservação pós-colheita de melões inteiros e minimamente processados." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/113983.
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000802149.pdf: 1380098 bytes, checksum: e431cf98540d4a428871ee954ea42d06 (MD5)Este trabalho teve por objetivo determinar a influência da refrigeração e da atmosfera controlada na qualidade e na conservação pós-colheita de melões rendilhados do híbrido Louis inteiros e minimamente processados. Além disso, avaliou-se o efeito do tratamento térmico associado à atmosfera modificada ativa na conservação de melões tipo Charentais minimamente processados. No primeiro experimento, melões ‘Louis’ no estádio de maturação fisiológica foram armazenados a 3 ºC; 6 ºC; 9 ºC e 22 ºC, com 80% UR, para estabelecer a melhor temperatura de conservação. No segundo experimento, os frutos no estádio de maturação fisiológica foram armazenados a 6 ºC (80% UR) sob atmosfera controlada contendo 2%, 7%, 12% e 21% de O2, para estabelecer a concentração adequada de O2 para a melhor conservação da qualidade de melões ‘Louis’. No terceiro experimento, os melões também foram colhidos no estádio de maturação fisiológica e armazenados em atmosferas controladas contendo 5%, 10%, 15% e 20% de CO2 combinadas com 2% O2, na condição de 6 ºC e 80% UR. No quarto experimento, os melões foram armazenados sob atmosfera controlada (2% de O2 e 20% de CO2), a 6 ºC. O processamento mínimo foi realizado duas vezes, sendo a primeira imediatamente à chegada dos frutos ao laboratório e a segunda após 14 dias de armazenamento sob atmosfera controlada. Os frutos e os produtos minimamente processados foram analisados quanto à coloração e firmeza, teores de sólidos solúveis, de acidez titulável, pectinas (solúvel e total) e carboidratos (solúveis e redutores), bem como quanto a atividade das enzimas peroxidase (POD), polifenoloxidase (PPO), poligalacturonase (PG) e pectinametilesterase (PME). Eles também foram avaliados quanto a perda de massa fresca, atividade respiratória (2º, e 4º experimentos) e análise sensorial (4º experimento). No quinto experimento ...
This work aimed to determine the influence of refrigeration and controlled atmosphere on quality and postharvest conservation of whole and minimally processed net melons ‘Louis’. Furthermore, the effect of heat treatment associated with the use of active modified atmosphere was evaluated in the conservation of ‘Charentais’ melons minimally processed. In the first experiment, ‘Louis’ melons were stored at 3 °C, 6 ºC, 9 ºC and 22 ºC, 80% RH, to establish the best storage temperature. In the second experiment, the fruits were stored at 6 °C (80% RH) under controlled atmosphere in concentrations of 2%, 7%, 12% and 21% O2, to determine the appropriate concentration of O2 for their conservation. In the third experiment, the melons were stored in controlled atmosphere with 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% CO2 combined with 2% O2, at 6 ºC and 80% RH. In the fourth experiment, the melons were stored under controlled atmosphere (2% O2 and 20% CO2), 6 ºC. The minimal processing was made twice, the first being the fruit immediately upon arrival to the laboratory and the second after 14 days of storage under controlled atmosphere. The fruits and minimally processed products were analyzed for color and firmness, soluble solids and titratable acidity content, pectin (soluble and total), sugars (soluble and reducers), as well as the activity of enzymes peroxidase (POD), polyphenoloxidase (PPO), polygalacturonase (PG) and pectinmethylesterase (PME). They were also analyzed as fresh weight loss, respiratory activity (2nd and 4th experiments) and sensory analysis (experiment 4). In the fifth experiment whole ‘Charentais’ melons were immersed in hot water (50 ºC for 30 min) before being subjected to minimal processing. The cubes were submitted under active modified atmosphere (2-3% O2 and 7-8% CO2), packed with oriented polypropylene film (OPP) or polylactic acid film (PLA) and stored at 6 ºC for ...
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Morgado, Cristiane Maria Ascari. "Conservação pós-colheita de melões inteiros e minimamente processados /." Jaboticabal, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/113983.
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Orientador: Ben-Hur MattiuzOrientador: Huguette Sallanon
Coorientador: Claudia Fabrino Machado Mattiuz
Banca: José Fernando Durigan
Banca: Rogério Falleiros Carvalho
Banca: Juliana Sanches
Banca: Benedito Carlos Benedetti
Resumo: Este trabalho teve por objetivo determinar a influência da refrigeração e da atmosfera controlada na qualidade e na conservação pós-colheita de melões rendilhados do híbrido Louis inteiros e minimamente processados. Além disso, avaliou-se o efeito do tratamento térmico associado à atmosfera modificada ativa na conservação de melões tipo Charentais minimamente processados. No primeiro experimento, melões 'Louis' no estádio de maturação fisiológica foram armazenados a 3 ºC; 6 ºC; 9 ºC e 22 ºC, com 80% UR, para estabelecer a melhor temperatura de conservação. No segundo experimento, os frutos no estádio de maturação fisiológica foram armazenados a 6 ºC (80% UR) sob atmosfera controlada contendo 2%, 7%, 12% e 21% de O2, para estabelecer a concentração adequada de O2 para a melhor conservação da qualidade de melões 'Louis'. No terceiro experimento, os melões também foram colhidos no estádio de maturação fisiológica e armazenados em atmosferas controladas contendo 5%, 10%, 15% e 20% de CO2 combinadas com 2% O2, na condição de 6 ºC e 80% UR. No quarto experimento, os melões foram armazenados sob atmosfera controlada (2% de O2 e 20% de CO2), a 6 ºC. O processamento mínimo foi realizado duas vezes, sendo a primeira imediatamente à chegada dos frutos ao laboratório e a segunda após 14 dias de armazenamento sob atmosfera controlada. Os frutos e os produtos minimamente processados foram analisados quanto à coloração e firmeza, teores de sólidos solúveis, de acidez titulável, pectinas (solúvel e total) e carboidratos (solúveis e redutores), bem como quanto a atividade das enzimas peroxidase (POD), polifenoloxidase (PPO), poligalacturonase (PG) e pectinametilesterase (PME). Eles também foram avaliados quanto a perda de massa fresca, atividade respiratória (2º, e 4º experimentos) e análise sensorial (4º experimento). No quinto experimento ...
Abstract: This work aimed to determine the influence of refrigeration and controlled atmosphere on quality and postharvest conservation of whole and minimally processed net melons 'Louis'. Furthermore, the effect of heat treatment associated with the use of active modified atmosphere was evaluated in the conservation of 'Charentais' melons minimally processed. In the first experiment, 'Louis' melons were stored at 3 °C, 6 ºC, 9 ºC and 22 ºC, 80% RH, to establish the best storage temperature. In the second experiment, the fruits were stored at 6 °C (80% RH) under controlled atmosphere in concentrations of 2%, 7%, 12% and 21% O2, to determine the appropriate concentration of O2 for their conservation. In the third experiment, the melons were stored in controlled atmosphere with 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% CO2 combined with 2% O2, at 6 ºC and 80% RH. In the fourth experiment, the melons were stored under controlled atmosphere (2% O2 and 20% CO2), 6 ºC. The minimal processing was made twice, the first being the fruit immediately upon arrival to the laboratory and the second after 14 days of storage under controlled atmosphere. The fruits and minimally processed products were analyzed for color and firmness, soluble solids and titratable acidity content, pectin (soluble and total), sugars (soluble and reducers), as well as the activity of enzymes peroxidase (POD), polyphenoloxidase (PPO), polygalacturonase (PG) and pectinmethylesterase (PME). They were also analyzed as fresh weight loss, respiratory activity (2nd and 4th experiments) and sensory analysis (experiment 4). In the fifth experiment whole 'Charentais' melons were immersed in hot water (50 ºC for 30 min) before being subjected to minimal processing. The cubes were submitted under active modified atmosphere (2-3% O2 and 7-8% CO2), packed with oriented polypropylene film (OPP) or polylactic acid film (PLA) and stored at 6 ºC for ...
Doutor
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Chatenet, Caroline du. "Étude des effets de la nutrition calcique sur la biosynthèse de l'éthylène et sur la physiologie des melons cantaloup charentais." Toulouse, INPT, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999INPT015A.
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Au cours de ce travail nous avons cherche a preciser l'intervention potentielle du calcium dans la reponse au stress chez le melon. Le calcium est un element nutritif indispensable qui intervient au cours du developpement des plantes et dans la mise en place des mecanismes de defense en reponse a une agression par un stress biotique et abiotique. Ceux-ci en declenchant la biosynthese d'ethylene, peuvent etre un facteur responsable de pertes observees au cours de la conservation. Le role de la nutrition calcique et de conditions climatiques variables sur le metabolisme de la plante et du fruit est etudie en reponse a un stress blessure. Nous nous sommes ensuite interesses a la vitrescence, desordre physiologique qui se manifeste principalement dans les cultures precoces de cantaloup charentais et se caracterise par une chair vitreuse, rendant le fruit impropre a la consommation. Les mecanismes responsables de la vitrescence demeurent actuellement inconnus. Des analyses physiologiques, ultrastructurales et moleculaires sont combinees pour examiner les relations entre la vitrescence, l'ethylene et le calcium chez le melon (cucumis melo l. Cv. Talma). L'imagerie rmn a permis d'evaluer la vitrescence. De plus, l'alteration de la paroi cellulaire et la presence d'espaces intercellulaires plus grands sont correles a une reduction severe du calcium parietal. La vitrescence se developpe au cours des derniers stades de maturation du fruit, mais il n'a pas ete observe de relation directe avec la biosynthese de l'ethylene. Par ailleurs, la synthese d'une proteine effectrice dans l'effet calcium, la calmoduline (cam) demeure identique en reponse a la vitrescence. En revanche, une proteine affine pour le complexe ca/cam disparait dans les tissus vitrescents et pourrait etre un bon marqueur de ce desordre physiologique. Enfin, nous avons obtenu des melons sur-exprimant la cam et recherche les consequences d'une telle sur-expression sur la croissance et le developpement des melons.
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Bellamy, David E., Mark K. Asplen, and David N. Byrne. "Field Evaluation of Eretmocerus eremicus Efficacy in the Control of Sweet Potato Whiteflies Infesting Melons." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/214941.
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The effect of three different release rates (1x, 10x, and 20x the recommended rate of 10,000/acre) of Eretmocerus eremicus, a whitefly parasitoid, on sweet potato whitefly populations in cantaloupe were evaluated against populations in untreated control plots. Parasitoids were released from a point source in the center of each of nine treatment plots. All stages of whitefly development were monitored within a 10-m annulus surrounding each release point in all 12 plots, as were rates of parasitism. This occurred over a 52-d period from July 21 through September 11, 2001. The rates of sweet potato whitefly population increase during this time were equivalent and independent of the parasitoid release rate. Whitefly densities were not controlled in any of our treatment plots, nor in the controls. Moreover, rates of parasitism did not increase with time in any of the treatment plots and did not differ among the three release rates (22.0 ± 16.2%). Hence, Eretmocerus eremicus, by itself, is not efficient as a means to control whitefly populations in melon crops in the Southwest US. The ineffectiveness of E. eremicus to control whitefly populations in the field may be due to its propensity to dispersal at low host densities.
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Lima, Luciana Costa [UNESP]. "Qualidade do melão 'Orange flesh' minimamente processado e submetido a diferentes métodos de conservação." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/103230.
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Este trabalho teve como objetivos avaliar: Experimento 1 - diferentes etapas de sanificação de melões minimamente processados em fatias; Experimento 2 - diferentes etapas de sanificação de melões minimamente processados em cubos; Experimento 3 - aplicação de diferentes concentrações de ácido ascórbico e Experimento 4 - efeito de diferentes concentrações de O2 e CO2. Nas atmosferas modificadas ativas, foram injetadas diferentes concentrações de O2 e CO2 para promover a modificação da atmosfera. Os experimentos foram conduzidos com melão 'Orange Flesh', produzidos no Rio Grande do Norte e obtidos no GEAGESP- SP. No Experimento 1 e 2, os melões inteiros foram sanificados com 500 mg L-1 de hipoclorito de sódio por 10 minutos e os cortes com 100 mg L-1 por 5 minutos. Após lavagem e drenagem, os cortes foram acondicionados em embalagens PET recobertas com polietileno de 18mm e armazenados a 5l1°C e 85l5% de UR por 8 dias, sendo avaliados a cada 2 dias. No Experimento 3, os melões inteiros foram sanificados com 500 mg L-1 de hipoclorito de sódio por 10 minutos e os cortes com 100 mg L-1 por 1 minuto antes de serem tratados com diferentes concentrações de ácido ascórbico (0%, 1%, 2% e 3%) em imersão a temperatura ambiente por 10 minutos. Após drenagem, os cubos de melões foram armazenados conforme descrito no Experimento 1. No Experimento 4, os cubos de melões foram sanificados com 100 mg L-1 de hipoclorito de sódio por 1 minuto, lavados, drenados e embalados com diferentes concentrações de O2 e CO2 em sacos plásticos de polietileno (Nylon Poli) com características de alta barreira ao oxigênio e ao vapor d'água. Nos quatro experimentos, os produtos foram submetidos a análises físicas, físico-químicas, químicas, bioquímicas, microbiológicas e sensoriais. O delineamento experimental utilizado, para os 4 experimentos...
This work was intended to evaluate: Experiment 1 - different etaps of sanification of melons fresh cut into slices; Experiment 2 - different etaps of sanification of fresh cut melons into dice; Experiment 3- application of different concentrations of ascorbic acid and Experiment 4 - effects of different concentrations of O2 and CO2. In the active modified atmospheres, different concentrations of O2 and CO2 were injected to promote the modification of the atmosphere. The experiments were conducted on Orange Flesh melon, grown in Rio Grande do Norte and obtained in the CEAGESP - SP. In Experiment 1 e 2, the melons were sanified whole with 500 mg L-1 of sodium hypochlorite for 10 minutes and the cuts with 100 mg L-1 for 5 minutes. After washing and drainage, the cuts were packed in PET packages lined with polietileno of 18 mm and stored at 5 l 1°C and 85 l 5% the RH for 8 days, their being evaluated every 2 days. In Experiment 3, the melons were sanified whole with 500 mg L-1 of sodium hypochlorite for 10 minutes and the cuts with 100 mg L-1 for 1 minute and soon afterwards they were tested under different concentrations of ascorbic acid (0%, 1%, 2% and 3%) in immersion at room temperature for 10 minutes. After drainage, the melons fresh cut into dices were sanified as reported in Experiment 1. In Experiment 4, the fresh cut melons were sanified with 100 mg L-1 of sodium hypochlorite for 1 minute and afterwards submitted to different concentrations of O2 and CO2. After washing and drainage, the fruits were stored in plastic bags (Nylon Poli) with characteristics of high barrier to oxygen and water vapor. In the four experiments were performed physical, physicochemical, chemical, biochemical, microbiological and sensorial analyses...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Melo, Danilo Mesquita. "Crescimento e acúmulo de nutrientes do meloeiro rendilhado cultivado em substrato /." Jaboticabal :, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/96951.
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Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar a dinâmica de crescimento das plantas, a marcha de acúmulo de nutrientes da cultura e as modificações químicas no substrato composto por areia e casca de amendoim. O híbrido 'Fantasy' foi conduzido em vasos com substrato (mistura de areia e casca de amendoim em partes iguais). A irrigação foi realizada por gotejamento com solução nutritiva recomendada para a cultura em cultivo hidropônico. A amostragem para a determinação da dinâmica de crescimento, marcha de acúmulo de nutrientes e modificações químicas do substrato foi realizada em seis épocas. A colheita ocorreu aos 78 dias após o transplante, sendo avaliada a produção e qualidade dos frutos. De acordo com os resultados, o meloeiro rendilhado cultivado em substrato composto de areia e casca de amendoim, em partes iguais, obteve contínuo acúmulo de matéria seca até a colheita, sendo o fruto responsável pela maior porcentagem deste acúmulo em relação aos outros órgãos. A ordem de acúmulo de nutrientes foi: N>Ca>K>P>Mg>S>B>Fe>Mn>Zn>Cu. A quantidade de potássio acumulada nas plantas foi considerada baixa, sugerindo-se então verificar a aplicação deste nutriente na solução nutritiva. O substrato estudado acumulou baixa quantidade de nutrientes até o final do ciclo. A quantidade de nutrientes fornecida pela solução nutritiva foi suficiente para a produtividade das plantas e ideal para o manejo do substrato sem proporcionar sua salinização. O substrato composto por areia e casca de amendoim é excelente alternativa para o cultivo em substrato e aproveitamento de resíduos da agroindústriaAbstract: This study aimed to determine the dynamics of plant growth, the pace of accumulation of nutrients in the culture and chemical modification of substrate composed of sand and peanut bark. The 'Fantasy' hybrid was cultivated in pots with substrate (mixture of sand and peanut bark in equal parts). The drip irrigation was performed with nutrient solution recommended for the hydroponic crops. The determining the dynamics of growth, the accumulation of nutrients and chemical changes in the substrate was done in six sampling dates. The harvest occurred at 78 days after transplantation being evaluate yield and fruit quality. According to the results, the net melon grown in substrates of sand and peanut bark, had continuous accumulation of dry matter until the harvest, being fruits the responsible for the largest percentage of accumulation in relation to other organs. The order of the nutrients was: N> Ca> K> P> Mg> S>B> Fe> Mn> Zn> Cu. The amount of potassium accumulated in plants was low, suggesting then verify the use of this nutrient in the nutrient solution. The substrate studied had low accumulation of nutrients by the end of the cycle. The amount of nutrients supplied by the nutrient solution was enough to plant productivity and ideal for the management of the substrate without providing its salinity. The sand and peanut bark substrate is excellent alternative for cultivation in substrate and use of waste agribusiness
Mestre
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Ben, Amor Mohamed. "Réponse à l'éthylène et aux basses températures de melons transgéniques exprimant un gène antisens de l'Acc oxydase." Toulouse, INPT, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999INPT005A.
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L'hormone vegetale ethylene joue un role majeur dans des nombreux aspects du developpement des plantes, en particulier dans la maturation des fruits climacteriques. Chez certains de ces fruits, comme les melons cantaloup charentais (cucumis melo var. Cantalupensis, naud) la production d'ethylene lors de la crise climacterique est forte et rapide, ce qui a pour consequence une maturation rapide et une conservation de tres courte duree prejudiciables au transport et a l'expansion commerciale du produit. De ce fait, l'ethylene constitue un bon cible pour la manipulation genetique de la maturation de ce type de fruit. Des fruits transgeniques exprimant le gene antisens de l'acc oxydase et presentant une inhibition presque totale (>99. 5%) de la production d'ethylene ont ete generes dans notre laboratoire. Les parametre de la maturation dependant de l'ethylene comme le jaunissement de l'ecorce, le ramollissement de la chair et le developpement de la zone d'abscission pedonculaire sont completement bloques chez ces fruits. Nous montrons dans cette etude qu'il est possible de controler le niveau de restauration du phenotype temoin par un traitement a l'ethylene des fruits transgeniques. Nous avons pu demontrer des sensibilites a l'ethylene variable selon les parametres de maturation, les plus sensibles etant la couleur de l'ecorce et la fermete de la chair, les moins sensibles correspond a la formation de la zone d'abscission. Nous avons observe egalement que les fruits transgeniques possedent une meilleure aptitude a la conservation a 2\c et a 12\c (retention de la couleur, de la fermete). De plus, ils ne developpent aucun symptome de la maladie de froid (brunissement et affaissement de l'ecorce) lors de stockage a 2\c meme pendant des durees de 3 semaines. Cependant, l'ethylene exogene restaure la sensibilite a ce desordre physiologique, indiquant que l'ethylene joue un role majeur dans l'induction de la maladie de froid. Nos resultats son discutes sur le plan scientifique qu'applique.
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Palumbo, John C. "The Effects of Spray Adjuvants on the Insecticidal Activity of Success® (spinosad) on Lettuce and Melons." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/214942.
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Studies were conducted in the field and laboratory to investigate how the addition of spray adjuvants to Success affected its insecticidal activity against leafminers, thrips and lepidopterous larvae. Studies were also designed to evaluate the knockdown and residual mortality of Success against worms when applied with a buffer to produce an acidic spray solution. Results indicated that Success applied without an adjuvant appeared to provide the most consistent adult mortality of Liriomyza leafminers. In contrast, the addition of a penetrating surfactant (crop oil concentrate) resulted in significantly greater larval mortality consistent with the leafminer feeding behavior. Efficacy of Success against lepidopterous larvae and western flower thrips was not improved using a spray surfactant. However, addition of buffering agents to Success spray solutions significantly affected efficacy against beet armyworm and cabbage looper. Lab bioassays and field studies showed that knockdown mortality was not affected, but residual efficacy was significantly reduced when Success was applied in an acidic (pH 4.2) spray environment.
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Hooghvorst, Isidre. "Development of doubled haploids, chromosome doubling and CRISPR/Cas9 techniques in melon for the next generation of breeding." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/673451.
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The general aim of this PhD thesis was to study, develop and apply different breeding techniques in melon species in order to produce new commercial cultivars. The three specific objectives of this thesis are:
1. To study and evaluate the commercial value and the parthenogenetic capacity of seven genotypes of C. melo var. Inodorus “Piel de Sapo” type to obtain DH lines which might be further used as parental lines for commercial hybrid F1 seed production. The parthenogenetic generation of DHs from the seven genotypes was evaluated and optimized through the analysis and description of the different steps of the process, assaying: three haploid embryo rescue protocols, previously described in the literature; three chromosome doubling methods; and, a new cytometry flow method for evaluating the ploidy-level.
2. To develop the applicability of CRISPR/Cas9 system in melon by performing a gene knockout of the melon phytoene desaturase gene (CmPDS) in protoplasts and plants.
3. To study and highlight the current methodology in major crops for DH production, the availability of chromosome-doubling methods to obtain DH lines, and the opportunities for HI-mediated genome-editing systems in DH technology. Specifically, the focus was put on haploid inducer-mediated genome-editing systems in cucurbit species to give new insights, opportunities and challenges that may be valuable for developing this
technique in cucurbits and other species.
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Lucchetta, Luciano. "Caracterização de melões transgênicos acc oxidase antisense e estudo bioquímico de álcool aciltransferases envolvidas na biossíntese de aromas." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2007. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/7586/1/lucchetta.pdf.
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The increase of ethylene production in ‘Cantaloupe Vedrantais’ melon is one of the main causes of the pre and post harvest alterations. In order to extend the shelf life of this fruit, melon plants were transformed with an ACC oxidase DNA sequence of "Royal Gala" apple in antisense orientation (pAP4). Three transformants were obtained. One of them showing the greatest reduction in ethylene production (AS3) was analysed further and used as a model to discriminate between ethylene- dependent and ethylene-independent processes during fruit ripening. AS3 melons exhibited a delay of about 10 days for ripening and accumulated more soluble solids than untransformed melons. Besides, fruit firmness, chlorophyll content and titratable acidity were higher in AS3 melons than in untransformed melons. However, the carotenoid content was unaffected and the aroma intensity was reduced in AS3 fruits. In AS3 plants the senescence of the leaves was reduced and the formation of lateral branching was increased. In order to confirm that chlorophyll degradation, cell wall degradation and synthesis of volatile compounds were ethylene-dependent events, ethylene was applied on AS3 fruits. However, the reversion of the process was limited. While the reduction of pulp firmness occurred, the production of volatiles compounds and the yellowing of the skin were not achieved. Considering that the phenotype of AS3 plants resembled a response to cytokinins action, the concentration of this phytohormone was monitored in both AS3 and untransformed melons. This hypothesis was confirmed as the cytokinins concentration in the pulp and skin of AS3 melons was fourth to eight fold higher. This result suggests that reduction in ethylene production induced changes in the vegetative cycle of the plant, and favoured the synthesis of cytokinins, hormones that are known as retardants of senescence and ethylene action. Using plants from a different lineage, "Cantaloupe" "Charentais", transformed with an ACC oxidase DNA sequence from melon, in antisense orientation (pMEL1), the responses to ethylene action were all observed. For this reason, AAT clones (Cm-AAT1, Cm-AAT3 and Cm-AAT4) were isolated for biochemical characterization. All recombinant proteins were active to synthesize sulfur-containing esters but Cm-AAT1 was the most active. Only the tetrameric form of these proteins, with molecular mass of 200 kDa, were active. The kinetic analysis indicated that CoA-SH, a product of the reaction, is an activator at low concentration and inhibitor at higher concentration. The removal of CoA-SH from the reaction medium, by adding phosphotransacetylase, resulted in Km values two to three fold lower for the co-substrate acyl-CoA. The site directed mutation of a few amino acids in the Cm-AAT sequences affected the selectivity of the original protein and the number of esters produced
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Kohatsu, Douglas Seijum [UNESP]. "Efeitos de reguladores vegetais na qualidade de frutos de melão rendilhado." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/93513.
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O presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o efeito de reguladores vegetais nas trocas gasosa durante o desenvolvimento da planta e na qualidade pós-colheita de frutos de melão rendilhado Galileu, armazenados em condições ambiente. A primeira etapa do experimento foi conduzida em estufa para cultivo protegido das plantas de melão, localizada na área experimental da Fazenda Experimental de São Manuel/UNESP, Botucatu, SP. A aplicação dos tratamentos foram realizadas no início da fase reprodutiva, 15 e 30 dias após a primeira aplicação. As medidas de trocas gasosas foram realizadas sempre no período das 8:00 às 11:00 horas da manhã, nas plantas controle e tratadas com os reguladores vegetais, no dia anterior e posterior à aplicação. Ci, A, gs e E foram feitas com um Infra Red Gas Analyser IRGA, modelo LI-6400 da LI-COR. As plantas receberam os tratamentos no campo (T1 controle, T2 GA3 (ácido giberélico) a 100 mg L-1, T3 IBA (ácido indolilbutírico) a 100 mg L-1, T4 cinetina a 100 mg L-1, T5 mistura de GA3 + IBA + cinetina a 5%), os frutos foram colhidos (51 dias após a primeira aplicação) e transportados ao Laboratório de Frutas e Hortaliças, pertencente ao Departamento de Gestão e Tecnologia Agroindustrial/UNESP, Botucatu, SP. Os frutos foram avaliados a cada 5 dias, durante 20 dias de armazenamento. As alterações pós-colheita foram detectadas por meio de análises de perda de massa fresca, firmeza, acidez titulável, pH, sólidos solúveis, relação SS/AT, açúcares totais, redutores e sacarose, atividade das enzimas peroxidase (POD), pectinametilesterase (PME) e poligalacturonase (PG). Os macronutrientes e micronutrientes foram analisados na colheita. O delineamento estatístico utilizado foi em blocos ao acaso com o controle e mais quatro tratamentos e quatro repetições que correspondem aos blocos. Nas condições em que o experimento...
This work's objective was to evaluate the effects of plant growth regulators on gas exchange during plant development and on post harvest quality of Galileu cantaloupes stored at conditions atmosphere. The first stage of the assay was conducted in a greenhouse (protected cultivation of cantaloupe plants), in the experimental area of São Manuel's Experimental Farm/UNESP, Botucatu, SP. The treatments were applied in the beginning of the reproductive stage, and 15 and 30 days after the first application. Gas exchange measurements were performed from 0800 to 1100 a.m, both in control plants and plants treated with plant growth regulators, on the previous and subsequent day from application. Ci, A, gs, and E were evaluated with a LI-COR model LI-6400 Infra Red Gas Analyzer - IRGA. The cantaloupe plants were treated in the field (T1 controls, T2 GA3 (gibberellic acid) 100 mg L-1, T3 IBA (indolebutyric acid) 100 mg L-1, T4- kinetin 100 mg L-1, T5- GA3 + IBA + kinetin mixture at 5%), and fruits were harvest (51 days after the first application) and transported to the Fruits and Vegetables Laboratory of Departamento de Gestão e Tecnologia Agroindustrial/UNESP, Botucatu, SP. The fruits were evaluated every 5 days during a 20-day storage period. Alterations in post harvest quality were detected through analyses comprising fresh weight loss, firmness, titratable acidity, pH, soluble solids, SS/TA ratio, total sugars, reduced sugars and sucrose, and activity of the enzymes peroxidase (POD), pectin methylesterase (PME), and polygalacturonase (PG). Macronutrients and micronutrients were analyzed at harvest time. The statistical design consisted of randomized blocks including a control, in addition to four treatments and four replicates that corresponded to blocks. Under the conditions in which the experiment was conducted, the results allow us to... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Soares, José Ivo [UNESP]. "Lâminas de irrigação e posições das linhas gotejadoras, superficial e subsuperficial, na cultura do melão." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/103473.
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soares_ji_dr_botfca.pdf: 463408 bytes, checksum: 8a38b390df28f3aad5c28c4f0ace9989 (MD5)O presente trabalho teve como objetivo estudar o efeito entre quatro lâminas de irrigação e a posição de instalação dos tubos gotejadores em três profundidades, com aplicação de fertirrigação por gotejamento superficial e subsuperficial no desenvolvimento da produtividade e na qualidade de frutos do meloeiro, com avaliação das uniformidades e eficiência. O experimento foi realizado na Estação Experimental de Barbalha - CE, no período de outubro de 2007 a janeiro de 2008, em uma área de 604 m2 (20 m x 30,20 m), geograficamente localizada entre os paralelos 07º 19’ de latitude Sul e meridianos 39º 18’ de longitude oeste de Greenwich, com uma altitude de aproximadamente 409 m acima do nível do mar, solo arenoso declividade em volta de 2%. Delineamento experimental utilizado foi bloco casualizado com fatorial 4 x 3, com três repetições, sendo os tratamentos constituídos pela combinação de 04 (quatro) lâminas de irrigação com 60%, 80%, 100% e 120% da evaporação diária do tanque Classe “A” e 03 (três) posições dos tubos gotejadores na superfície (P0) a 0,15 m (P1) e 0,25 m (P2) de profundidade. Utilizou-se a cultura do melão (Cucumis melo L.), variedade imperial 45. Os coeficientes de uniformidades e eficiências foram na primeira avaliação 90,74%, 85,52%, 83,77% e 68,56% de CUC – Coeficiente de uniformidade de Christiensen, CUD – Coeficiente de uniformidade de distribuição, CUa – Coeficiente de uniformidade absoluta e EF – eficiência de irrigação, respectivamente, antes do plantio, em segunda avaliação após a colheita os resultados foram 77,58%, 59,53%, 66,57% e 20,13 de CUC - Coeficiente de uniformidade de Christiensen, CUD - Coeficiente de uniformidade de distribuição, CUa - Coeficiente de uniformidade absoluta e...
This study aimed to study the effect of four irrigation levels and position the installation of tubos gotejadores in three depths, with application of drip fertirrigation surface and subsurface development of productivity and quality of the melon fruit, with assessment of uniformity and efficiency. The experiment was conducted at the Experimental Station of Barbalha EC, during the period october 2007 to january 2008 in an area of 604 m2 (20 m x 30,20 m), geographically located between parallels 07 ° 19 'south latitude and meridian 39 º 18 'west longitude of Greenwich, with an altitude of approximately 409 m above sea level, sandy soil slope around 2%. Experimental design was randomized block with 4 x 3 factorial, with three replications, and the combination treatment consisting of four (04) water depth of 60%, 80%, 100% and 120% of daily evaporation in the tank Class A and three (03) positions of tubos gotejadores on the surface to 0,15 m (P1) and 0,25 m (P2) deep. Using the culture of melon (Cumumis melo L.), variety imperial 45. The coefficient of uniformity and efficiency in the first assessment was 90,74%, 85,52%, 83,77% and 68,56% of CUC - coefficient of uniformity Christiensen, CUD - coefficient of uniformity distribution, AUC - Coefficient absolute uniformity and EF - efficiency of irrigation, respectively, before planting in the second evaluation after the harvest results were 77,58%, 59,53%, 66,57% and 20,13% of CUC - coefficient of uniformity Christiensen, CUD - coefficient of uniformity distribution, AUC - Coefficient of absolute uniformity and EF - Efficiency of irrigation, respectively. The total values of evaporation in evaporimeters during the crop cycle was 244,72 mm. The blade of irrigation with 80% of evaporation (L2) in combination with the position of surface tubos gotejadores (P0) promotes the... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)