Academic literature on the topic 'Melon agronomy'

This is the first report on increasing yield and nutritional content of snake melon (Cucumis melo L. var. flexuosus) by exploiting intraspecific genetic variation of genetically diverse melons. Inbred snake melon ‘Punjab Long melon 1’ (PLM1) was hybridized with five genetically diverse inbred melons: KP 7 (var. momordica), AM 72 (var. acidulus), ‘Arya 1’ (var. chate), 04-02 (var. tibish) and ‘Punjab Wanga’ (unknown botanical variety). The parents and hybrids were evaluated at three locations for nine traits. Hybrids PLM1 × 04-02 and PLM1 × ‘Punjab Wanga’ exhibited significant (P0.05) heterosis for the number of marketable fruits per plant, and ascorbic acid and carotenoid contents of marketable fruits.

This research aims to know the effect interaction of application of types and different dosage of organic fertilizers on production and fruit quality of melons on peatlands, effect of application of types and different dosage of organic fertilizers on production and fruit quality of melons on peatlands, and the agronomic efficiency of the use of several types and different dosage of organic fertilizers on production of melons on peatlands. This research design was used as a Randomized Block Design (RBD) consists of two factors with 4 replication. The first factor consisted of types of organic fertilizer (P) i.e. chicken manure (PA), guano manure (PG), and cow manure (PS). The second factor consisted of fertilizer dosage (D) i.e. 0 tons ha-1 (without fertilization, called control), D1 = 15 tons ha-1, D2 = 30 tons ha-1 and D3 = 45 tons ha-1. The data obtained by analysis of variance (ANOVA) or F test at a = 5% and 1% levels to determine the effect of treatment was tested further by HSD (honestly significant difference) testat the level of 5%. The result shows that the interaction type of organic fertilizer and the dosage of organic fertilizer treatment significant effect on the weight of the melon. Chicken manure is the best organic fertilizer on the size and quality of the melon. Dosage of 45 tons ha-1 organic fertilizer gave the highest results but it was not significantly different with a dosage of 30 tons ha-1. The use of chicken manure fertilizer of 30 tons ha-1 is more efficient in agronomy in increasing melons yield on peatlands.

Melon bacterial fruit blotch (BFB) is the major bacterial melon disease in Northeastern Brazil. We evaluated the effects of applying a silicon (Si) slag on BFB suppressiveness in two melons cultivars as well as in soil chemical attributes and plant growth and nutrition. Slag was incorporated into the soil at concentrations equivalent to 0.00, 0.12, 0.24, 0.47, 0.71, and 1.41 g kg-1 of silicon. Plants were inoculated with Acidovorax citrulli 20 days after emergence. Results showed that amending the soil with Si slag improved the resistance of two melon cultivars against bacterial fruit blotch. Such an effect is probably related not only to the Si uptake by plants but also to changes in soil characteristics and improvement in plant nutrition. Both hybrid cultivars (AF4945 and Medellín) increased biomass, nutrient and Si accumulation as a function of Si doses applied to soil. According to Si concentration and Si to Ca ratio in plant tissue, both cultivars are regarded as intermediary Si-accumulators. We also observed that an intermediate dose of Si (0.71 g kg-1) posed better results on controlling melon bacterial fruit blotch than the highest dose tested

Low temperature restrains the growth and development of melons, as well as severely impairing the yield and quality. To obtain a rapid and accurate method for evaluating cold tolerance of melon, 10 genotypes were selected to investigate their cold tolerance at seedling stage. Chilling stress (15°C/6°C, day/night) increased leaf angles and caused leaves wilted: the phenotypes of the 10 genotypes were obviously different. Thus, a new predicted method for chilling injury index (CII) of melon was constructed based on the change of leaf angle and leaf state. The CII showed significant correlation with survival rate, maximum photochemical quantum yield of PSII (Fv/Fm) and changes of SPAD value. Moreover, the validity of the method was further verified by seedlings growth, photosynthesis, membrane permeability and metabolites accumulation of four screened genotypes. Taken together, this work provides a morphological and accurate method for evaluating cold tolerance in melon.

We report a new strain of Melon necrotic spot virus (MNSV) that is unable to systemically infect Cucumis melo. A spherical virus (W-isolate), about 30 nm in diameter like a carmovirus, was isolated from watermelons with necrotic symptoms. The W-isolate had little serological similarity to MNSV, and it did not cause any symptoms in six melon cultivars susceptible to MNSV; however, the host range of the W-isolate was limited exclusively to cucurbitaceous plants, and transmission by O. bornovanus was confirmed. Its genomic structure was identical to that of MNSV, and its p89 protein and coat protein (CP) showed 81.6 to 83.2% and 74.1 to 75.1% identity to those of MNSV, respectively. Analysis of protoplast showed that the W-isolate replicated in melons at the single-cell level. Furthermore, chimeric clones carrying the CP of MNSV induced necrotic spots in melons. These results suggested that the absence of symptoms in melons was due to a lack of ability of the W-isolate to move from cell to cell. In view of these findings, we propose that the new isolate should be classified as a novel MNSV watermelon strain.

SUMMARYIn a study of the optimum population for melon when intercropped with maize, melon at 5000, 10 000, 15 000 and 20 000 plants ha−1 was intercropped with maize at 40 000 plants ha−1. Melon biomass and seed yield increased linearly with population density in mixed and pure stands while maize yield components were virtually unaffected. Intercropping reduced melon seed yields, mainly because of a reduction in number of fruits per plant, but did not affect seed size. For good weed and erosion control and increased total yields, maize can be intercropped with up to 20 000 plants ha−1 of melon.

Powdery mildew is an important disease of melons (Cucumis melo L.) cultivated in greenhouses in Brazil. Currently, there are 5 races of Podosphaera xanthii (formerly known as Sphaerotheca fuliginea) and 2 races of Golovinomyces cichoracearum (formerly known as Erysiphe cichoracearum) described on melons worldwide, but only race 1 of P. xanthii has been reported in Brazil (1). However, typical whitish powdery fungal growth was observed on an experimental hybrid yellow melon resistant to race 1 of P. xanthii during the summer of 2000 in a greenhouse in Bragança Paulista, State of São Paulo. Conidia collected from diseased leaves were spread onto 0.5% water agar medium and maintained at 22°C for 24 h with 12 h of light and 12 h of darkness. Most of the germinated conidia displayed fibrosin inclusion bodies when observed in a solution of 3% potassium hydroxide (KOH), and approximately 1 of 50 also displayed forked germ tubes. These features allowed us to identify P. xanthii as the causal agent. Conidia raised on the susceptible yellow melon ‘Amarelo CAC’ were used to inoculate cotyledons of the differential melon lines (2) ‘Hale's Best Jumbo’ (susceptible to races 1, 2, and 3 of P. xanthii), ‘PMR-45’ (resistant to race 1 and susceptible to races 2 and 3), and ‘PMR-6’ (resistant to races 1 and 2 and susceptible to race 3). Inoculations were performed on 10 plants of each differential line and replicated four times. The presence or absence of symptoms was evaluated 18 days after inoculation. ‘Hale's Best Jumbo’ and ‘PMR-45’ were rated as susceptible while ‘PMR-6’ was rated as resistant, thus indicating the presence of race 2 of P. xanthii in Brazil. During field surveys from 2001 to 2003, this race was found on squash (Cucurbita moschata), summer squash (C. pepo), and melons in São Paulo. References: (1) F. J. B. Reifschneider et al. Plant Dis. 69:1069, 1985. (2) C. E. Thomas et al. Cucurbit Genet. Coop. 7:126, 1984.

ABSTRACT The netted melon requires special growing conditions, including a protected environment, an adequate staking system and proper water and nutrient management. This study aimed to assess the effect of irrigation levels and silicon doses on the yield and quality of Sunrise hybrid melons, in a greenhouse. A randomized block design was used, with a 5 x 3 factorial scheme and four replications. The first factor consisted of five silicon doses (0 kg ha-1, 50 kg ha-1, 100 kg ha-1, 150 kg ha-1 and 200 kg ha-1) and the second of three irrigation levels (40 %, 70 % and 100 % of the ETc). The results demonstrated that the applied irrigation levels and silicon doses have no influence on the yield traits of melon plants. The irrigation level corresponding to 100 % of the ETc promotes higher values for soluble solids (9.86 ºBrix) and maturation index (114.9) on fruits. The increase of silicon doses up to 200 kg ha-1 also increases the maturation index in the treatment with the greatest irrigation level and reduces this index at the shallowest level applied.

We present here the first comprehensive genetic characterization of snapmelon landraces from the humid tropics of eastern India. The genetic diversity among 42 snapmelon landraces collected from four agro-ecological regions of eastern India (eight agro-ecological subregions) was assessed by measuring variation at 16 simple sequence repeat (SSR) marker loci, at various traits including plant habit and fruit type, yield (two associated traits), disease resistance and biochemical composition (total soluble solids, ascorbic acid, carotenoids and titrable acidity). Differences between accessions were observed in a number of plant and fruit traits. Snapmelon germplasm with high acidity, elevated carotenoid content and resistance to cucumber mosaic virus were identified in the collection. The SSR analysis indicated that there is a high level of genetic variability within snapmelon germplasm. Comparison of the genetic variability between snapmelons of eastern India and melons from north, south and central regions of India and reference accessions of melon from Spain, France, Japan, Korea, Maldives, Iraq, Zambia, Israel using SSRs showed that Indian snapmelon germplasm is not closely related to melon accessions from other parts of the world and that there are regional differences between Indian melon accessions. Eastern India snapmelon has unique traits, so it is important that more germplasm from this region is sampled and preserved.

Aphis gossypii Glover (cotton-melon aphid) is a major pest of agriculture worldwide. Cucumis melo L. (melon) possesses monogenic resistance to this aphid, and is a good model for the study of aphid resistance mechanisms in plants. This dissertation presents analyses of the effects of the resistance gene on A. gossypii, and of the gene's effects on biochemical and molecular-genetic properties of melon plants. Nearly isogenic lines (NILs) of melon, either resistant or susceptible to A. gossypii, were compared for their influence on aphid life history traits and feeding behavior. The resistance trait delayed development, increased mortality, and markedly decreased reproduction of aphids confined to leaves of resistant plants. Aphids on resistant plants salivated into phloem sieve elements significantly longer, and were less likely to begin sap ingestion after salivation, suggesting that the resistance factor acts within phloem sieve elements. Biochemical properties of callose synthase were compared between NILs to test the hypothesis that callose deposition plays a role in the resistance mechanism. No differences were detected between resistant and susceptible melon genotypes with respect to callose synthase subunit abundance or in vitro enzyme activity. Sixty-four F₃ families from a melon mapping population were tested for aphid resistance to place the resistance locus on a genetic map of the melon genome. Four molecular markers were found to be linked to the aphid resistance phenotype. The name Agr ( Aphis gossypii resistance) is proposed for this locus. The closest flanking markers were positioned at 4.3 and 7.0 cM from Agr. Evidence suggests Agr might be a member of the nucleotide binding site-leucine-rich repeat (NBS-LRR) family of plant resistance genes, which are known to cluster in plant genomes. Melon genomic DNA sequences homologous to this gene family were isolated to test the hypothesis that Agr is an NBS-LRR homolog. Two of these sequences were tested for genetic linkage to Agr in a population of F₂ plants segregating for the resistance trait. DNA gel blot analysis determined that one sequence, NBS-2, is approximately 2.7 cM distant from Agr, which suggests Agr resides in a cluster of NBS-LRR homologs and could be a member of this gene family.

Total soluble solids (TSS) is a reliable indicator of melon eating quality, with a minimum standard of 10% recommended. The state of Australian melon production with respect to this quality criterion was considered within seasons, between growing districts and over seasons. It was concluded that improvement in agronomic practice and varietal selection is required to produce sweeter melons. The scientific literature addressing melon physiology and agronomy was summarised, as a background to the work that is required to improve melon production practices in Australia. The effect of source sink manipulation was assessed for commercially grown and glasshouse grown melon plants. The timing of fruit thinning, pollination scheduling, the application of a growth inhibitor and source biomass removal were assessed in relation to fruit growth and sugar accumulation. Results are interpreted against a model in which fruit rapidly increase in weight until about two weeks before harvest, with sugar accumulation continuing as fruit growth ceases. Thus treatment response is very dependant on timing of application. For example, fruit thinning at 25 days before harvest resulted in further fruit set and increased fruit weight but did not impact on fruit TSS (at 9.8%, control 9.3%), while thinning at 5 days before harvest resulted in a significant (Pless than 0.05) increase in fruit TSS (to 10.8%, control 9.3%) and no increase in fruit weight or number. A cost/ benefit analysis is presented, allowing an estimation of the increase in sale price required to sustain the implementation of fruit thinning. The effect of irrigation scheduling was also considered with respect to increasing melon yield and quality. To date, recommended practice has been to cause an irrigation deficit close to fruit harvest, with the intent of 'drying out' or 'stressing' the plant, to 'bring on' maturity and increase sugar accumulation. Irrigation trials showed that keeping plants stress-free close to harvest and during harvest, facilitated the production of sweeter fruit. The maintenance of a TSS grade standard using either batch based (destructive) sampling or (non-invasive) grading of individual fruit is discussed. On-line grading of individual fruit is possible using near infrared spectroscopy (NIR), but the applicability of the technique to melons has received little published attention. Tissue sampling strategy was optimised, in relation to the optical geometry used (in commercial operation in Australia), both in terms of the diameter and depth of sampled tissue. NIR calibration model performance was superior when based on the TSS of outer, rather than inner mesocarp tissue. However the linear relationship between outer and middle tissue TSS was strong (r2 = 0.8) in immature fruit, though less related in maturing fruit (r2 = 0.5). The effect of fruit storage (maturation/senescence) on calibration model performance was assessed. There was a negligible effect of fruit cold storage on calibration performance. Currently, the agronomist lacks a cost-effective tool to rapidly assess fruit TSS in the field. Design parameters for such a tool were established, and several optical front ends compared for rapid, though invasive, analysis. Further, for visualisation of the spatial distribution of tissue TSS within a melon fruit, a two-dimensional, or hyper-spectral NIR imaging system based on a low cost 8-bit charge coupled device (CCD) camera and filter arrangement, was designed and characterised.

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The objective of this work was to evaluate the dry matter production and accumulation of macronutrients, C and C / N ratio of roofing plants in the semiarid region and the growth and accumulation of nutrients in melons in different cropping systems. The experiments were conducted between April and September / October and December 2011 and between May and October / November 2012 and January 2013, in Fazenda Agrícola Famosa Ltda., located on the border of the municipalities Tibau-RN / Icapuí-CE. In the first semester, we used a randomized complete block design with five treatments and four replications. The treatments consisted of covers: sunn hemp and millet; corn + Brachiaria; spontaneous vegetation; Single millet and pork + millet beans. In the first semester, the production of dry matter of shoots of cover crops, accumulation of nutrients, carbon and C / N ratio were evaluated. In the second semester, we used the randomized block design with nine treatments and four replications. The treatments consisted of covers: Sunnhemp + embedded millet; Corn + embedded brachiaria; Embedded spontaneous vegetation; Millet not incorporated; Sunnhemp + millet not incorporated; Corn + Brachiaria not incorporated; Unincorporated spontaneous vegetation; Solo kept without vegetation unincorporated and millet + jack bean unincorporated. The greatest productions of total dry matter accumulation of macronutrients, except S and carbon, were obtained with sunnhemp + millet and corn + Brachiaria and spontaneous vegetation. Pearl millet (2011) and corn + Brachiaria and spontaneous vegetation (2012) showed higher C / N. The maximum accumulated plant dry matter in melon was observed in sunnhemp + embedded millet, sunnhemp + unincorporated millet and maize + embedded brachiaria at 30 DAT, DAT 60 and DAT 60 fruit, respectively. Embedded vegetation cover and under the mulching resulted in higher overall productivity in melon. The cover crops corn + Brachiaria and sunn hemp and millet incorporated under mulching achieved the highest business productivity in 2011 and 2012, respectively. The plant covers that contributed most to the total accumulation of N, P and K in melon were sunnhemp + embedded millet and corn + Brachiaria not incorporated
O trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a produção de fitomassa seca e acúmulo de macronutrientes, C e a relação C/N de plantas de coberturas e o crescimento e acúmulo de nutrientes em meloeiro em diferentes sistemas de cultivo na região semiárida. Os experimentos foram realizados entre abril e setembro/outubro e dezembro de 2011 e entre maio e outubro/novembro de 2012 e janeiro 2013, na Fazenda Agrícola Famosa Ltda., situada na divisa dos municípios Tibau-RN/ Icapuí-CE. No primeiro semestre, utilizou-se o delineamento em blocos casualizados, com cinco tratamentos e quatro repetições. Os tratamentos consistiram das coberturas: crotalária + milheto; milho + braquiária; vegetação espontânea; milheto solteiro e feijão de porco + milheto. No primeiro semestre, foram avaliados a produção de matéria seca da parte aérea das plantas de cobertura, acúmulos de macronutrientes, carbono e relação C/N. No segundo semestre, utilizou-se o delineamento em blocos casualizados com nove tratamentos e quatro repetições. Os tratamentos foram constituídos pelas coberturas: Crotalária + milheto incorporado; Milho + braquiária incorporado; Vegetação espontânea incorporado; Milheto não incorporado; Crotalária + milheto não incorporado; Milho + braquiária não incorporado; Vegetação espontânea não incorporada; Solo mantido sem vegetação não incorporado e Milheto + feijão de porco não incorporado. As maiores produções de matéria seca total, acúmulo de macronutrientes, exceto S e carbono, foram obtidas com crotalária + milheto e milho + braquiária e vegetação espontânea. O milheto (2011) e milho + braquiária e vegetação espontânea (2012) apresentaram maiores relações C/N. A matéria seca vegetal acumulada máxima no melão foi observada na crotalária + milheto incorporado, crotalária + milheto não incorporado e no milho + braquiária, incorporado aos 30 DAT, 60 DAT e fruto aos 60 DAT, respectivamente. As coberturas vegetais incorporadas e sob o mulching resultaram em maior produtividade total no melão. As coberturas vegetais milho + braquiária e crotalária + milheto incorporado sob mulching obtiveram a maior produtividade comercial em 2011 e 2012, respectivamente. As plantas de coberturas que mais contribuíram para o acúmulo total de N, P e K no melão foram a crotalária + milheto incorporado e milho + braquiária não incorporado

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In recent years the increase in greenhouse gases, has increased the temperature of the earth. Given the economic importance of melon crop, there is a need to study how temperature effects act on the rates of gas exchange and quality of these plants. Currently, it can not be inferred the competitiveness of melon production systems without conducting research on the impacts of this climate change on culture. The experiment was conducted and the experimental area of Embrapa, in the city of Pacajus-Ceará, with the aim of studying post-harvest fruit quality of yellow melon "Goldex", aimed at adapting this culture to high temperature conditions. Yellow melon "Goldex" was grown under field conditions in the period July to September 2013 in order to collect temperature data measured by sensors (DataLogger) and gas exchange measurements through the IRGA, in which the collections were performed once a week. One group of plants was conducted in accordance with the commercial production system already used in the producing states, with the same irrigation schedules, fertilization and phytosanitary treatment (control treatment), another group was conducted under shaded area (chamber) chapel plastic type, which is expected an increase in temperature around 2 ° C, forming a sort of microclimate. The experiment was conducted in factorial outlining randomized block, which treatments were two rooms (with chamber and without chamber), three storage periods (0, 14 and 21 days), four blocks. For the analysis of gas exchange the least significant difference for the comparison of treatments was used. The use of chambers provided an average increase of 2 ° C temperature. There was a significant influence of the environment on the physical length and diameter of the internal cavity and firmness of the stern, which the rise in temperature reduced the internal cavity of the fruit, making them firmer. Regarding the physical and chemical characteristics was no significant influence of the environment on vitamin C, soluble solids and titratable acidity, yet the quality of the fruit was little influenced by temperature and gas exchange were not affected by temperature
Nos últimos anos o aumento dos gases de efeito estufa, tem aumentado à temperatura da terra. Diante da importância econômica da cultura do melão, existe a necessidade de estudar como os efeitos da temperatura atuam sobre os índices de trocas gasosas e qualidade dessas plantas. Atualmente, não se pode inferir sobre a competitividade dos sistemas de produção do melão, sem a realização de pesquisas sobre os impactos dessa mudança climática sobre a cultura. O experimento foi instalado e conduzido no Campo Experimental da Embrapa Agroindústria, situado no município de Pacajus-Ceará, com o objetivo de estudar qualidade pós-colheita do fruto do meloeiro amarelo Goldex , visando à adaptação dessa cultura às condições de alta temperatura. O meloeiro amarelo Goldex foi cultivado em condições de campo no período de julho a setembro de 2013, tendo em vista a coleta de dados da temperatura medidas através de sensores (DataLogger) e das trocas gasosas medidas através do IRGA, na qual as coletas realizaram-se uma vez por semana. Um grupo de plantas foi conduzido de acordo com o sistema de produção comercial já utilizado nos estados produtores, com os mesmos calendários de irrigação, fertilização e tratamento fitossanitário (tratamento controle), outro grupo foi conduzido sob telado (câmara) plástico do tipo capela, o qual se espera um aumento da temperatura em torno de 2ºC, formando um tipo de microclima. O experimento foi conduzido no delineamento fatorial em blocos casualizados, cujos tratamentos foram dois ambientes (com câmara e sem câmara), três tempos de armazenamento (0, 14 e 21 dias), quatro blocos. Para as análises de trocas gasosas utilizou-se a diferença mínima significativa para comparação dos tratamentos. O uso de câmaras proporcionou um aumento médio da temperatura em 2ºC. Houve influência significativa do ambiente sobre as características físicas: comprimento e diâmetro da cavidade interna e firmeza da polpa, onde a elevação da temperatura reduziu a cavidade interna dos frutos, tornando-os mais firmes. Com relação às características físico-químicas foi encontrada influência significativa do ambiente sobre a vitamina C, sólidos solúveis e acidez titulável, mesmo assim a qualidade dos frutos foi pouco influenciada pela temperatura e as trocas gasosas não foram afetadas pela temperatura

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O meloeiro à uma hortaliÃa de grande importÃncia para o Nordeste brasileiro: a regiÃo maior produtora nacional. Entretanto, para a obtenÃÃo de alta produtividade à necessÃrio utilizar insumos que podem ser prejudiciais ao meio ambiente; dentre estes, os fertilizantes nitrogenados. Esses fertilizantes liberam Ãxido nitroso, um dos gases de efeito estufa responsÃvel pelo aquecimento global. Dada a importÃncia das mudanÃas climÃticas, este trabalho propÃe avaliar a emissÃo de Ãxido nitroso em cultivo de meloeiro amarelo âGoldexâ adubado com fertilizante nitrogenado, aos 5 e 15 dias apÃs o transplantio. O experimento foi instalado em delineamento inteiramente casualizado (DIC), com cinco repetiÃÃes. Os quatro tratamentos foram assim definidos: 0 (controle), 1,0; 1,5 e 2 vezes a quantidade de nitrogÃnio recomendada para cada estÃdio dessa cultura, acima referido. As variÃveis analisadas foram Ãrea foliar, nÃmero de folhas, massa seca da parte aÃrea, massa seca dos frutos, massa seca da parte radicular, fluxo de Ãxido nitroso, nitrogÃnio total do solo, das plantas e N (NH4+ e NO3-) do solo. As variÃveis relativas ao desenvolvimento vegetal e ao nitrogÃnio da planta e do solo foram submetidas à anÃlise de regressÃo e anÃlises descritivas foram utilizadas (mÃdia  erro padrÃo) para verificar o comportamento do fluxo de Ãxido nitroso. Os tratamentos afetaram significativamente a Ãrea foliar, nÃmero de folhas, massa seca da parte aÃrea, massa seca da parte radicular, nitrogÃnio da parte aÃrea e parte radicular das plantas e do solo. Para estas variÃveis o modelo de regressÃo quadrÃtico foi o que melhor se ajustou para explicar a variaÃÃo das mesmas a partir da ausÃncia e presenÃa de adubaÃÃo nitrogenada. O fluxo de Ãxido nitroso teve comportamento temporal irregular durante a fase de plÃntulas e crescente durante a fase de floraÃÃo. A aplicaÃÃo de nitrogÃnio, em dosagens superiores à recomendada, nÃo aumentou a produÃÃo do meloeiro. Da mesma forma, o cÃlculo do fator de emissÃo mostrou que a emissÃo do Ãxido nitroso (N2O), nos diferentes tratamentos, nÃo atingiu valores prejudiciais ao ambiente.
The melon is a vegetable of great importance for the Brazilian Northeast: the region largest national producer. However, to obtain high productivity requires the use of inputs that can be harmful to the environment; of these, nitrogen fertilizers. These fertilizers release nitrous oxide, a greenhouse gas responsible for global warming. Given the importance of climate change, this paper proposes to assess the emission of nitrous in oxide yellow melon 'Goldex' cultivation fertilized with nitrogen fertilizer, at 5 and 15 days after transplanting. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design (CRD) with five replications. The four treatments were defined as follows: 0 (control), 1.0; 1.5 to 2 times the amount of nitrogen is recommended for each stage of this culture mentioned above. The variables analyzed were leaf area, leaf number, shoot dry weight, dry weight of the fruit, dry mass of roots, nitrous oxide flow, total soil nitrogen, plants and N (NH4+ and NO3-) soil. The variables related to plant development were subjected to regression analysis and descriptive analyzes were used (mean  standard error) for checking the nitrous oxide flow behavior. The treatments significantly affected leaf area, leaf number, dry weight of shoots, dry mass of roots, nitrogen from the shoot, nitrogen from the root of the plants and soil nitrogen. For these variables the quadratic regression model was the best fit to explain the variation of the same from the absence and presence of nitrogen fertilization. Nitrous oxide flow had irregular temporal behavior during the phase of seedlings and growing during the flowering phase. The balance of applied N revealed that only a small portion of the nutrient was recovered. The application of nitrogen in higher than recommended dosages, did not increase the production of melon. Similarly, the calculation of the emission factor showed that the emissions of nitrous oxide (N2O) in the treatments did not reach values harmful to the environment.

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Among the numerous problems in the culture of melon plants, is the dependence of fertilizer inputs. The Lithothamnium (Lit.) is presented as an alternative source of calcium and magnesium. This research studies the growth, yield and quality of melon to the different formulations, doses, method and application intervals (IA) Lit. Three experiments were conducted, two in greenhouse and in the field. In the first experiment cv. melon seeds were used. 'Gladial', planted in plastic containers with 0.5 kg capacity with organic substrate. The treatments were: T1-test .; T2, T3, T4 - Lit. concentrated suspension - SC at doses 10, 20, 30 L / ha, respectively; T5-Nit. amino acid + calcium 5L / ha; T6, T7, T8 - Lit. nanoparticles in the doses 1, 5, 10 kg / ha, respectively; T9-Lit. Powder-micronized, 50 kg / ha and T10-Quantile 10L / ha. The T6 treatment differed statistically by Tukey a 5% probability of other treatments for the variables plant height (PH), fresh weight of shoots (PFPA) and fresh root weight (PFR). In the second experiment the following treatments were used: T1-test .; T2, T3, T4 Lit. nanoparticles; T5, T6, T7 Lit. powder-micronized; T8, T9, T10 Lit. SC, AI 7-7, 10-10, 14-14 DAS, for each formulation, respectively. The results indicated significant differences for IA (14-14 DAS) only for the PSPA and PSR variable, with the best formulations Lit. in nanoparticles and SC for AP variables, PFPA and root length. The experiment III was produced in a commercial area of Dina company, in which the treatments were T1-test. T2, T3 Lit. powder-micronized; T4, T5-Lit SC; T6, T7-Lit nano (FT) and T8, T9-Lit. nano; T10, T11-Lit. SC (Pulv.). The results indicated that the fruits produced showed the oblong fruit shape. All treatments with Lit. were higher than the control for the variable shell thickness. The T6 to T11 treatments differed from the other for the variable firmness, by Scott-Knott test. These are the first data Lit. for melons in Brazilian literature, being necessary experiments with other types of melon. So Lit. provided increment in the evaluated variables and can be used for melons to improve both plant growth as post-harvest fruit quality
Dentre os inúmeros problemas existentes na cultura do meloeiro, está à dependência de insumos fertilizantes. O Lithothamnium (Lit.) se apresenta como uma fonte alternativa de Cálcio e Magnésio. O presente trabalho objetivou estudar o crescimento, produção e qualidade do melão à diferentes formulações, doses, modo e intervalos de aplicação (IA) de Lit. Foram realizados três experimentos, sendo dois em casa de vegetação e um em campo. No experimento I foram utilizadas sementes de melão da cv. Gladial , semeadas em recipientes plásticos com capacidade 0,5 Kg com substrato orgânico. Os tratamentos foram: T1-test.; T2, T3, T4 Lit. suspensão concentrada - SC nas doses 10, 20, 30 L/ha, respectivamente; T5-Nit. de cálcio + aminoácidos 5L/ha; T6, T7, T8 Lit. em nanopartículas nas doses 1, 5, 10 Kg/ha, respectivamente; T9 Lit. Pó-micronizado, 50 Kg/ha e T10-Quantis 10L/ha. O tratamento T6 diferiu estatisticamente mediante Tukey a 5% de probabilidade dos demais tratamentos para as variáveis: altura de planta (AP), peso fresco da parte aérea (PFPA) e peso fresco da raiz (PFR). No experimento II foram utilizados os seguintes tratamentos: T1-test.; T2,T3,T4 Lit. nanopartículas; T5, T6, T7 Lit. pó-micronizado; T8,T9,T10 Lit. SC, com IA 7-7, 10-10, 14-14 DAS, para cada formulação, respectivamente. Os resultados indicaram diferença significativa para IA (14-14 DAS) apenas para a variável PSPA e PSR, sendo as melhores formulações Lit. em nanopartículas e SC para as variáveis AP, PFPA e comprimento de raiz. O experimento III foi produzido em área comercial da empresa Dina, na qual os tratamentos foram T1-test. T2, T3- Lit. pó-micronizado; T4, T5-Lit SC; T6,T7-Lit nano (FT) e T8,T9-Lit. nano; T10,T11-Lit. SC (Pulv.). Os resultados indicaram que os frutos produzidos apresentaram formato do fruto oblongo. Todos os tratamentos com Lit. foram superiores à testemunha para a variável espessura de casca. Os tratamentos T6 a T11 diferiram dos demais para a variável firmeza de polpa, mediante teste Scott-Knott. Estes são os primeiros dados de Lit. em meloeiro na literatura brasileira, sendo necessários experimentos com outros tipos de melão. Então, o Lit. proporcionou incremento nas variáveis avaliadas, podendo ser utilizado em meloeiro para melhorar tanto o crescimento da planta como a qualidade pós-colheita dos frutos

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The use of new technologies aimed at improving the quality of fruit is needed to meet consumer demands and this should remain for a longer time in order to reach distant consumer markets. Thus, this study evaluated the influence of the application of bio-stimulants and spacing of planting the melon postharvest conservation. For this, two experiments were conducted at the Farm Garden, located at Pau-Branco community in Mossoró-RN, to assess the influence of bio-stimulants, application forms and planting space in post-harvest melons conservation. The experiments were divided into two phases: the field and the laboratory. The first experiment evaluated the effect of bio-stimulants and application form in pre-harvest quality and melon postharvest conservation Yellow 'Iracema'. The field phase of this experiment was conducted in a randomized blocks in a factorial scheme with an additional treatment 2 x 2 + 1, two bio-stimulants (Crop Set® and Spray Dunger®), two application forms (sprayed and fertilized) and a control (without product application), with five repetitions. The second experiment evaluated the influence of spacing and biostimulant in the production, quality and melon conservation hybrid Frog Skin Sancho. For the field phase of this experiment, we adopted a randomized blocks in factorial 3 x 2, with three spacing between plants (40, 45 and 50 cm) and two applications of bio-stimulant Crop Set® (with and without), with four replications. In both experiments, the combination of factors constituted the plots where the fruits were sampled for characterization in the laboratory quality during storage. The fruit harvest was performed when they reached commercial maturity, and on this occasion we assessed the number of fruits per plant, number of fruits per meter, average fruit weight and productivity. The laboratory phase of both experiments was conducted in a completely randomized design with split plots in storage time with eight replications. At that stage, one fruit group was characterized, the day after the harvest, and the other were stored in refrigeration chamber regulated at 101ºC and 902% RH, time-lapse of 14, 21, 28 and 35 days. At each time interval, the fruit were evaluated by mass loss (ML), pulp firmness (PF), soluble solids (SS), titratable acidity (TA), reason soluble solids/titratable acidity (ratio), pH, vitamin C (VC) and soluble sugars. The data were submitted to analysis of variance and the significant variables were compared by the Tukey test, and the average of the control treatment compared using the Dunnett test and for the significant variables in the storage life regression analysis was performed. The biostimulants and the application form before the harvest influenced the quality and service life Yellow melon postharvest 'Iracema'. In Yellow melons, the application of bio-stimulant fertigation led to higher average fruit weight and productivity. The fruits of PF decreased during storage, the largest decrease occurred with the application of Spray Dunger® via spraying. The application by fertigation provided greater SS content in fruit, but during the storage period the SS content of the fruits decreased and remained at 35 days levels of 10%. The higher content of soluble sugars was found in the application form via fertigation by applying Crop Set®, but there were decreases of soluble sugar after 35 days of storage. There was a linear increase in VC content during storage. For the melon 'Piel de Sapo' production, quality and conservation of fruit were influenced by crop at different spacings and bio-stimulant. Production variables were not influenced by the application of Crop Set®. However, the number and the weight of commercial fruit per plant increased as increased spacing between plants. The storage of fruit provided an increase in melons ML with application of bio-stimulant, independently of planting space. PF fruit decreased during storage. The planting spacing of 40 cm provides lower SS of fruit than the spacings of 45 and 50 cm
A utilização de novas tecnologias visando à melhoria na qualidade dos frutos é necessária para atender às exigências do consumidor e essa deve permanecer por um tempo maior visando a alcançar mercados consumidores distantes. Dessa forma, este trabalho avaliou a influência da aplicação de bioestimulantes e espaçamento de plantio na conservação pós-colheita de melão. Para isto, foram conduzidos dois experimentos na Fazenda Jardim, localizada na comunidade de Pau-Branco, em Mossoró-RN, para avaliar a influência de bioestimulantes, formas de aplicação e espaçamentos de plantio na conservação pós-colheita de melões. Os experimentos foram divididos em duas fases: campo e laboratório. O primeiro experimento teve por objetivo avaliar o efeito dos bioestimulantes e da forma de aplicação em pré-colheita na qualidade e conservação pós-colheita de melão Amarelo Iracema . A fase de campo deste experimento foi realizada em delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial com tratamento adicional 2 x 2 + 1, sendo dois bioestimulantes (Crop Set® e Spray Dunger®), duas formas de aplicação (pulverizado e fertirrigado) e uma testemunha (sem aplicação de produto), com cinco repetições. O segundo experimento teve por objetivo avaliar a influência do espaçamento e aplicação de bioestimulante na produção, qualidade e conservação de melão Pele de Sapo híbrido ˈSanchoˈ. Para a fase de campo deste experimento, foi adotado o delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial 3 x 2, sendo três espaçamentos entre plantas (40; 45 e 50 cm) e duas aplicações do bioestimulante Crop Set® (com e sem), com quatro repetições. Em ambos os experimentos, a combinação dos fatores constituiu as parcelas de onde foram amostrados os frutos para caracterização, em laboratório, da qualidade durante o armazenamento. A colheita dos frutos foi realizada quando estes atingiram a maturidade comercial, sendo nesta ocasião avaliados o número de frutos por planta (NFP), número de frutos por metro linear (NFML), peso médio de frutos (PMF) e produtividade (PROD). A fase de laboratório, de ambos os experimentos, foi realizada em delineamento inteiramente casualizado com parcelas subdivididas no tempo de armazenamento com oito repetições. Nessa fase, um grupo de frutos foi caracterizado, um dia após a colheita, e os demais foram armazenados em câmara de refrigeração regulada a 101ºC e 902%UR, por intervalo de tempo de 14, 21, 28 e 35 dias. Em cada intervalo de tempo, os frutos foram avaliadas quanto à perda de massa (PM), firmeza de polpa (FP), sólidos solúveis (SS), acidez titulável (AT), razão sólidos solúveis/acidez titulável (SS/AT), pH, vitamina C (Vit. C) e açúcares solúveis (AS). Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância, sendo as variáveis significativas comparadas pelo teste de Tukey, e as médias do tratamento testemunha comparadas por meio do teste de Dunnett e para as variáveis significativas no tempo de armazenamento, foi realizada análise de regressão. Os bioestimulantes e a forma de aplicação em pré-colheita influenciaram a qualidade e vida útil pós-colheita de melão Amarelo Iracema . Em melões Amarelo, a aplicação do bioestimulante via fertirrigação propiciou maior PMF e maior produtividade. A FP dos frutos diminuiu durante o armazenamento, o maior decréscimo ocorreu com a aplicação de Spray Dunger® via pulverização. A aplicação via fertirrigação propiciou maior teor de SS nos frutos, mas durante o período de armazenamento o teor de SS dos frutos diminuiu e manteve aos 35 dias teores de 10%. O maior teor de açúcares solúveis foi verificado na forma de aplicação via fertirrigação com a aplicação de Crop Set®, mas houve decréscimos dos AS aos 35 dias de armazenamento. Houve aumento linear no teor de vitamina C durante o período de armazenamento. Para o melão Pele de Sapo , a produção, a qualidade e conservação dos frutos foram influenciadas pelo cultivo em diferentes espaçamentos e aplicação de bioestimulante. As variáveis de produção não foram influenciadas pela aplicação de Crop Set®. Porém, o número e o peso de fruto comercial por planta aumentaram com o aumento do espaçamento entre as plantas. O armazenamento dos frutos propiciou aumento na PM dos melões com aplicação do bioestimulante, independentemente do espaçamento de plantio. A FP dos frutos diminuiu durante o armazenamento. O espaçamento de plantio de 40 cm propiciou média de SS dos frutos inferior aos frutos dos espaçamentos 45 e 50 cm

O uso do Ethrel em cucurbitÃceas tem se mostrado uma tecnologia promissora, inclusive no melÃo. Entretanto, esta tÃcnica requer aprimoramentos em aspectos como o efeito do pH, a concentraÃÃo do produto que influencia a expressÃo do sexo, produtividade dos diferentes tipos de melÃo e qualidade de frutos. Neste sentido, quatro experimentos foram desenvolvidos na Fazenda Norfuit, em MossorÃ-RN, Brasil. No primeiro experimento, trÃs soluÃÃes de Ethrel (pH 7,0, 9,0 e 11.0) e uma testemunha foram aplicadas quando as plantas tinham duas folhas definitivas. O hÃbrido utilizado foi Orange Flesh Country. Avaliou-se expressÃo do sexo, produtividade e qualidade num delineamento em blocos inteiramente casualizados. Para as determinaÃÃes de qualidade, os frutos colhidos foram levados ao laboratÃrio de pÃs-colheita da UFERSA e armazenados por trÃs tempos diferentes (0, 21 e 30 dias) seguindo um esquema de parcelas subdivididas no tempo. O uso do Ethrel causou os seguintes efeitos: diminuiÃÃo nas brotaÃÃes e flores masculinas; aumento nas brotaÃÃes e flores hermafroditas, aumentando indiretamente os frutos formados; e antecipaÃÃo do surgimento das flores hermafroditas. As trÃs soluÃÃes causaram aumento no nÃmero de frutos por parcela, sendo que as soluÃÃes com pH 9,0 e 11,0 proporcionaram maior nÃmero total de frutos. Quando comparado à testemunha, o Ethrel nÃo influenciou s produtividade nem as seguintes caracterÃsticas dos frutos atà 30 dias de armazenamento: peso mÃdio; perda de peso dos frutos; aspecto interno e externo; firmeza de polpa; e teor de sÃlidos solÃveis totais. No segundo experimento foram testadas quatro concentraÃÃes de Ethrel (50, 100, 150 e 200 ppm.L-1) e uma testemunha. As caracterÃsticas avaliadas foram as mesmas do primeiro experimento, exceto as caracterÃsticas de qualidade, as quais foram avaliadas apenas por ocasiÃo da colheita. A aplicaÃÃo de Ethrel nÃo influenciou caracterÃsticas como expressÃo do sexo; antecipaÃÃo do florescimento; peso mÃdio de frutos e caracterÃsticas de qualidade. O uso do Ethrel proporcionou maior nÃmero de frutos por parcela na colheita total, sendo que os melhores resultados na primeira colheita foram com as concentraÃÃes de 100, 150 e 200 ppm.L-1. Na primeira colheita foi obtidas maior produtividade com as concentraÃÃes de 100,150 e 200 ppm L-1. No terceiro e no quarto experimentos foram avaliadas duas soluÃÃes de Ethrel (pH 9.0 e 11.0) e a testemunha, nos hÃbridos de melÃo AF-646 e Hy Mark. As caracterÃsticas avaliadas foram as mesmas do segundo experimento. A aplicaÃÃo de diferentes soluÃÃes de Ethrel influenciou a expressÃo do sexo pela reduÃÃo nas brotaÃÃes e flores masculinas e pelo aumento nas brotaÃÃes e flores hermafroditas, levando a um aumento indireto nos frutos formados. O uso do Ethrel pode ser recomendado porque sua aplicaÃÃo nÃo influenciou a produtividade de frutos; o peso mÃdio de frutos e as caracterÃsticas de qualidade. Todas as soluÃÃes de Ethrel proporcionaram maior nÃmero de frutos por parcela na segunda colheita, enquanto que na colheita total o Ethrel a pH 9,0 proporcionou o maior nÃmero de frutos.
Use of Ethrel in cucurbits like melon has showed a promising technology. However, further developments are needed in issues like pH effect, concentration of the product influencing sex expression, yield of the different melon types, and fruit quality. Such issues gave the motive to carry out four trials at Norfuit Farm, near MossorÃ-RN, Brazil. In the first trial trhree solutions of Ethrel (pH 7.0, 9.0 and 11.0) and the control were apllied when plants had two definitive leaves. Use hybrid melon Orange Flesh. Sex expression, yield, and quality were evaluated in a randomized block design. For quality determinations, fruits were taken to the Post Harvest Laboratory at UFERSA and stored for three periods (0, 21 and 30 days) according to a time split plot design. Use of Ethrel caused the following effects: decrease in buds and staminate flowers; increase in the number of buds and pistillate flowers, with a indirect increase in fruits developed; and anticipation of pistillate flowers appearing. The three solutions caused increase in the number of fruits per plot, with solutions pH 9.0 e 11.0 providing higher total fruit number. When compared to the control, Ethrel did not influence the following characteristics, untill 30 days storage: fruit mean wheight; yield of fruits; fruit weight loss; external and internal aspect; pulp firmness; and total soluble solids. In the second trial, four Ethrel concentrations (50, 100, 150 and 200 ppm.L-1) and the control were tested. Characterisitic evaluated were the same as in the fisrt trial, except for the quality characteristics which were evaluated only at harvest time. Application of Ethrel did not influence characteristics like sex expression; anticipation of flowering; mean weight of fruits; and quality characteristics. Use of Ethrel provided higher fruit number per plot for the total harvest, with better results for concentrations of 100, 150 and 200ppm.L-1 in the first harvest. Higher yield in the first harvest was obtained with concentrations of 100,150 e 200 ppm L-1. In the third and fourth trials two Ethrel solutions (pH 9.0 and 11.0) and the control were evaluated in melon hybrids AF-646 and Hy Mark. Characteristics evaluated were the same as in the second trial. Application of the different Ethrel solutions influenced sex expression, by reducing staminate buds and flowers, and increasing buds and pistillate flowers, with an indirect increase in fruits developed. Recommendation of Ethrel use can be made because its application did not influence fruit yield, mean fruit weight, and quality characterisitics. All Ethrel solutions provided higher fruit number per plot at second harvest, while total harvest had higher fruit number using Ethrel at pH 9,0

The goal of this work was to determine the N requirements of the muskmelon crop and adjusting a method for diagnosis of the plant nutritional status, for estimations of fertilization rates to be used during growth and development of this crop. The experiment was carried out at Departamento de Fitotecnia - UFSM, inside a 500m2 screenhouse. Muskmelon plantlets, hybrid Magelan, were planted at September 30th, 2004, in 4.5dm3 plastic bags containing a commercial substrate. Plant density was 3.3 plants m-2. Water and nutrients were supplied by fertigation. Treatments were five nutrient solutions with N concentrations (NO3 - /NH4 + ) of 8 (T1), 11 (T2), 14 (T3), 17 (T4) and 20mmol.L-1 (T5). The other nutrients were supplied at standard concentrations of 0.9 H2PO4 - ; 2.25 SO4 -- ; 10.0 Ca++; 6.0 K+ and 5.0mmol.L-1 Mg++, with micronutrients. Four plants were weekly harvested from 33 to 99 days after planting (DAP) to determine dry mass (DM), number of fruits (NF), leaf area index (LAI) and N content in tissues. Ripe fruits were harvested at the peduncle abscission stage and fresh weight, flesh firmness, fraction of flesh, skin, mucilage and seeds, titratable acidity and soluble solids were determined. The N content in leaf, stem, petiole and fruit tissues was determined by the Kjeldahl method. The vegetative and total dry mass, leaf area, number and fruit yield increased linearly by effect of treatments. For fruit quality variables, only the titratable acidity decreased by increasing N concentrations. The N dilution was observed during growth of tissues upon all treatments and data fitted the potential model %N = aMS-b described in the literature. The N critical dilution curve was adjusted, with values of 5.16 and 0.63 for model coefficients a and b, respectively. It was concluded that N affects the yield of the crop and can be supplied at rates estimated from the critical dilution curve until fruit setting was attained. After this stage, N fertilization rates can be adjusted in order to avoid any restrictions in the leaf area growth.
Os objetivos deste trabalho foram determinar as necessidades de N pela cultura do melão e ajustar um método de diagnóstico das doses de adubação no decorrer do ciclo de crescimento e desenvolvimento. O experimento foi conduzido no Departamento de Fitotecnia da UFSM, no interior de um abrigo de 500m2, coberto com polietileno aditivado de 150μm de espessura. Mudas de melão do híbrido Magelan foram plantadas em 30/09/2004 em sacolas de polietileno com 4,5dm3 de substrato comercial, na densidade de 3,3 plantas.m-2 as quais foram fertirrigadas com solução nutritiva completa. Os tratamentos consistiram por cinco concentrações de nitrogênio (NO3 -/NH4) de 8 (T1), 11 (T2), 14 (T3), 17 (T4) e 20mmol. L-1 (T5). Os demais nutrientes foram fornecidos nas mesmas concentrações para os cinco tratamentos, sendo de 0,9 de H2PO4 - ; 2,25 de SO4 -- ; 10,0 de Ca++; 6,0 de K+ e 5,0mmol L-1de Mg++, complementadas por micronutrientes. Para determinação da massa seca (MS), número de frutos (NF), índice de área foliar (IAF) e o teor de Nitrogênio nas folhas, haste, pecíolos e frutos, foram coletadas semanalmente quatro plantas de cada tratamento no período entre 33 e 99 dias após o plantio (DAP). A massa seca de cada órgão foi moída em moinho tipo Willey e a concentração de N determinada pelo método Kjeldah. A colheita foi feita diariamente quando os frutos evidenciaram a zona de abscisão completa em torno do pedúnculo. As características avaliadas foram o peso de fruto, firmeza da polpa, as frações da polpa, casca, mucilagem e sementes, acidez titulável (AT) e o teor de sólidos solúveis totais (TSS). Os resultados foram submetidos à análise da variância e os dados das variáveis que apresentaram diferenças significativas entre os tratamentos foram submetidos à análise de regressão. Foi observada resposta linear dos tratamentos na massa seca vegetativa e total, área foliar, número de frutos e produtividade. Quanto às características qualitativas dos frutos, somente a acidez titulável apresentou diferença significativa, decrescendo com o aumento da concentração de N. Foi observada a diluição da concentração de N na massa seca em todos os tratamentos e os dados ajustaram-se ao modelo potencial %N = aMS-b descrito na literatura. A curva crítica de diluição do N foi ajustada, com coeficientes a e b iguais a 5,16 e 0,63, respectivamente. Concluiu-se que o N interfere na produtividade e deve ser fornecido em doses não superiores à curva crítica de diluição até a que a fixação dos frutos tenha sido atingida. Após essa fase doses devem ser ajustadas de forma a evitar restrições no crescimento da área foliar e dos frutos.

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This paper aimed to study procedures for conducting tests of controlled deterioration (moisture content 20, 22 and 24% at 45 ° C for 24 hours), accelerated aging (periods 48, 72 and 96 hours at 38 and 41 ° C ) and electrical conductivity (temperature 25 ° C, volumes 50 and 75 mL of water, 25 and 50 seeds and soaking periods of 4, 6, 8, 12 and 24 hours), checking for their efficiency in the presence of different levels vigor seed lots of melon (Cucumis melo L.) as well as analyze the effect of priming during storage, listing the standard germination, first count germination and seedling emergence. Comprised of four experiments using two hybrids, Imperial and Gaucho, each represented by four seed lots. In the first experiment we selected the procedures for conducting tests of controlled deterioration, accelerated aging (with and without saturated NaCl solution) and electrical conductivity. In the second experiment the procedures considered most promising for each test were examined, of the first experiment. In the third considered the most promising for each test, of the first experiment. In the third experiment, we repeated the best results of the second experiment, by way of confirmation, including only the germination and first count. The fourth experiment consisted of priming, drying and storage of seeds during (0, 30, 60 and 90 days) under controlled conditions (18-20 ° C and 45% RH). The results indicate that the controlled deterioration test (20% / 24h/45 ° C) for accelerated aging and non-saturated NaCl solution (41 ° C/72h) and electrical conductivity (25/sementes/50mL/25 ° C for six hours soaking ), were efficient to detect vigor differences among seed lots of melon. It was noticed that the storage of seeds under controlled conditions, allows the maintenance of the beneficial effects of conditioning
Essa pesquisa teve como objetivo estudar procedimentos para a condução dos testes de deterioração controlada (graus de umidade de 20, 22 e 24%, a 45ºC, durante 24 horas), envelhecimento acelerado (períodos 48, 72 e 96 horas, a 38 e 41ºC) e condutividade elétrica (temperaturas de 25ºC, volumes de 50 e 75 mL de água, 25 e 50 sementes e períodos de embebição de 4, 6, 8, 12, e 24 horas), verificando-se sua eficiência na identificação de diferentes níveis de vigor de lotes de sementes de melão (Cucumis melo L.), bem como analisar o efeito do condicionamento fisiológico durante o armazenamento, relacionando os testes de germinação, primeira contagem de germinação e emergência de plântulas. Composto por quatro experimentos, utilizando dois híbridos, Imperial e Gaúcho, cada um representado por quatro lotes de sementes. No primeiro experimento selecionou-se os procedimentos para condução dos testes de deterioração controlada, envelhecimento acelerado (com e sem solução saturada de NaCl) e condutividade elétrica. No segundo experimento, foram avaliados os procedimentos considerados mais promissores para cada teste, do primeiro experimento. No terceiro experimento, repetiu-se os melhores resultados do segundo experimento, a título de confirmação, incluindo apenas os testes de germinação e primeira contagem de germinação. O quarto experimento constou do condicionamento fisiológico, secagem e armazenamento das sementes, durante (0, 30, 60 e 90 dias) em condições controladas de (18 a 20ºC e 45% UR). Os resultados indicam que o teste de deterioração controlada (20%/24h/45ºC), para envelhecimento acelerado com e sem solução saturada de NaCl (41ºC/72h) e condutividade elétrica (25/sementes/50mL/25ºC, durante seis horas de embebição), mostraram-se eficientes para detectar diferenças de vigor entre lotes de sementes de melão. Percebeu-se que o armazenamento das sementes em condições controladas, permite a manutenção dos efeitos benéficos do condicionamento