Relevant bibliographies by topics / Melatonin

Academic literature on the topic 'Melatonin'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 31 August 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Melatonin"

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Tan, Dun-Xian, and Rüdiger Hardeland. "The Reserve/Maximum Capacity of Melatonin’s Synthetic Function for the Potential Dimorphism of Melatonin Production and Its Biological Significance in Mammals." Molecules 26, no. 23 (December 2, 2021): 7302. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26237302.

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In this article, we attempt to classify a potential dimorphism of melatonin production. Thus, a new concept of “reserve or maximum capacity of melatonin synthetic function” is introduced to explain the subtle dimorphism of melatonin production in mammals. Considering ASMT/ASMTL genes in the pseudoautosomal region of sex chromosomes with high prevalence of mutation in males, as well as the sex bias of the mitochondria in which melatonin is synthesized, we hypothesize the existence of a dimorphism in melatonin production to favor females, which are assumed to possess a higher reserve capacity for melatonin synthesis than males. Under physiological conditions, this subtle dimorphism is masked by the fact that cells or tissues only need baseline melatonin production, which can be accomplished without exploiting the full potential of melatonin’s synthetic capacity. This capacity is believed to exceed the already remarkable nocturnal increase as observed within the circadian cycle. However, during aging or under stressful conditions, the reserve capacity of melatonin’s synthetic function is required to be activated to produce sufficiently high levels of melatonin for protective purposes. Females seem to possess a higher reserve/maximum capacity for producing more melatonin than males. Thus, this dimorphism of melatonin production becomes manifest and detectable under these conditions. The biological significance of the reserve/maximum capacity of melatonin’s synthetic function is to improve the recovery rate of organisms from injury, to increase resistance to pathogen infection, and even to enhance their chances of survival by maximizing melatonin production under stressful conditions. The higher reserve/maximum capacity of melatonin synthesis in females may also contribute to the dimorphism in longevity, favoring females in mammals.
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Wang, Tong-Hong, Chuen Hsueh, Chin-Chuan Chen, Wan-Syuan Li, Chau-Ting Yeh, Jang-Hau Lian, Junn-Liang Chang, and Chi-Yuan Chen. "Melatonin Inhibits the Progression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma through MicroRNA Let7i-3p Mediated RAF1 Reduction." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 19, no. 9 (September 10, 2018): 2687. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms19092687.

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Melatonin is the main pineal hormone that relays light/dark-cycle information to the circadian system. Recent studies have examined the intrinsic antitumor activity of melatonin in various cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the primary life-threatening malignancy in both sexes in Taiwan. However, the detailed regulatory mechanisms underlying melatonin’s anti-HCC activity remain incompletely understood. Here, we investigated the mechanisms by which the anti-HCC activity of melatonin is regulated. Human hepatoma cell lines were treated with 1 and 2 mM melatonin, and functional assays were used to dissect melatonin’s antitumor effect in HCC; small-RNA sequencing was performed to identify the microRNAs (miRNAs) involved in the anti-HCC activity of melatonin; and quantitative RT-PCR and Western blotting were used to elucidate how miRNAs regulate melatonin-mediated HCC suppression. Melatonin treatment at both doses strongly inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion capacities of Huh7 and HepG2 cell lines, and melatonin treatment markedly induced the expression of the miRNA let7i-3p in cells. Notably, transfection of cells with a let7i-3p mimic drastically reduced RAF1 expression and activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling downstream from RAF1, and rescue-assay results demonstrated that melatonin inhibited HCC progression by modulating let7i-3p-mediated RAF1 suppression. Our findings support the view that melatonin treatment holds considerable promise as a therapy for HCC.
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Maitra, Sayantan, Debanjan Bhattacharya, Stabak Das, and Subhrajit Bhattacharya. "Melatonin and its anti-glioma functions: a comprehensive review." Reviews in the Neurosciences 30, no. 5 (July 26, 2019): 527–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/revneuro-2018-0041.

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Abstract Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) is a naturally synthesized hormone secreted from the pineal gland in a variety of animals and is primarily involved in the regulation of the circadian rhythm, which is the natural cycle controlling sleep in organisms. Melatonin acts on specific receptors and has an important role in overall energy metabolism. This review encompasses several aspects of melatonin activity, such as synthesis, source, structure, distribution, function, signaling and its role in normal physiology. The review highlights the cellular signaling and messenger systems involved in melatonin’s action on the body and their wider implications, the distribution and diverse action of different melatonin receptors in specific areas of the brain, and the pharmacological agonists and antagonists that have specific action on these melatonin receptors. This review also incorporates the antitumor effects of melatonin in considerable detail, emphasizing on melatonin’s role as an adjuvant therapeutic agent in glioma treatment. We conclude that the diminishing levels of melatonin have significant debilitating effects on normal physiology and can also be associated with malignant conditions such as glioma. Based on the review of the available evidence, our study provides a broad platform for a better understanding of the specific roles of melatonin and serves as a starting point for further investigation into the therapeutic effect of melatonin in glioma as an adjuvant therapeutic agent.
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Moretti, Enrico, Gaia Favero, Luigi Fabrizio Rodella, and Rita Rezzani. "Melatonin’s Antineoplastic Potential Against Glioblastoma." Cells 9, no. 3 (March 3, 2020): 599. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells9030599.

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Glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the most intransigent and aggressive brain tumors, and its treatment is extremely challenging and ineffective. To improve patients’ expectancy and quality of life, new therapeutic approaches were investigated. Melatonin is an endogenous indoleamine with an incredible variety of properties. Due to evidence demonstrating melatonin’s activity against several cancer hallmarks, there is growing interest in its use for preventing and treating cancer. In this review, we report on the potential effects of melatonin, alone or in combination with anticancer drugs, against GBM. We also summarize melatonin targets and/or the intracellular pathways involved. Moreover, we describe melatonin’s epigenetic activity responsible for its antineoplastic effects. To date, there are too few clinical studies (involving a small number of patients) investigating the antineoplastic effects of melatonin against GBM. Nevertheless, these studies described improvement of GBM patients’ quality of life and did not show significant adverse effects. In this review, we also report on studies regarding melatonin-like molecules with the tumor-suppressive properties of melatonin together with implemented pharmacokinetics. Melatonin effects and mechanisms of action against GBM require more research attention due to the unquestionably high potential of this multitasking indoleamine in clinical practice.
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Fernandez-Gil, Beatriz I., Andrea Otamendi-Lopez, Alexandra Bechtle, Carla A. Vazquez-Ramos, Neda Qosja, Paola Suarez-Meade, Rachel Sarabia-Estrada, et al. "Melatonin Treatment Triggers Metabolic and Intracellular pH Imbalance in Glioblastoma." Cells 11, no. 21 (November 2, 2022): 3467. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11213467.

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Metabolic rewiring in glioblastoma (GBM) is linked to intra- and extracellular pH regulation. In this study, we sought to characterize the role of melatonin on intracellular pH modulation and metabolic consequences to identify the mechanisms of action underlying melatonin oncostatic effects on GBM tumor initiating cells. GBM tumor initiating cells were treated at different times with melatonin (1.5 and 3.0 mM). We analyzed melatonin’s functional effects on GBM proliferation, cell cycle, viability, stemness, and chemo-radiosensitivity. We then assessed the effects of melatonin on GBM metabolism by analyzing the mitochondrial and glycolytic parameters. We also measured the intracellular and extracellular pH. Finally, we tested the effects of melatonin on a mouse subcutaneous xenograft model. We found that melatonin downregulated LDHA and MCT4, decreasing lactate production and inducing a decrease in intracellular pH that was associated with an increase in ROS and ATP depletion. These changes blocked cell cycle progression and induced cellular death and we observed similar results in vivo. Melatonin’s cytotoxic effects on GBM were due, at least in part, to intracellular pH modulation, which has emerged as a newly identified mechanism, providing new insights into the oncostatic effect of melatonin on GBM.
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Văn Thoại, Phạm, and Nguyen Hai Nam. "Design and Synthesis of Sustain-Acting Melatonin Prodrugs." Journal of Chemistry 2013 (2013): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/684760.

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Twelve melatonin amide prodrugs aiming at prolonging the action of melatoninin vivoby improving its half-life were designed and synthesized. Using an 80% human plasma model, it was found that the aliphatic amide derivatives were relatively stable and melatonin release from these compounds was not sufficient with melatonin release percentage. After 4-hour incubation with 80% human plasma, the melatonin release percentage achieved only approximately less than 20%. In contrast, the -succinyl and -glutaroylmelatonin derivatives (compounds11and12, resp.) were found to release melatonin in much higher rates. After 3-hour incubation in 80% human plasma, the melatonin release rates from11and12were found to be 67.3 and 75.6%, respectively. From these results, the -succinyl and -glutaroylmelatonin derivatives (compounds11and12) could be promising as sustained release prodrugs of melatonin.
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Campos, Luciana Aparecida, Ovidiu Constantin Baltatu, Sergio Senar, Rym Ghimouz, Eman Alefishat, and José Cipolla-Neto. "Multiplatform-Integrated Identification of Melatonin Targets for a Triad of Psychosocial-Sleep/Circadian-Cardiometabolic Disorders." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 1 (January 3, 2023): 860. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24010860.

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Several psychosocial, sleep/circadian, and cardiometabolic disorders have intricately interconnected pathologies involving melatonin disruption. Therefore, we hypothesize that melatonin could be a therapeutic target for treating potential comorbid diseases associated with this triad of psychosocial-sleep/circadian-cardiometabolic disorders. We investigated melatonin’s target prediction and tractability for this triad of disorders. The melatonin’s target prediction for the proposed psychosocial-sleep/circadian-cardiometabolic disorder triad was investigated using databases from Europe PMC, ChEMBL, Open Targets Genetics, Phenodigm, and PheWAS. The association scores for melatonin receptors MT1 and MT2 with this disorder triad were explored for evidence of target–disease predictions. The potential of melatonin as a tractable target in managing the disorder triad was investigated using supervised machine learning to identify melatonin activities in cardiovascular, neuronal, and metabolic assays at the cell, tissue, and organism levels in a curated ChEMBL database. Target–disease visualization was done by graphs created using “igraph” library-based scripts and displayed using the Gephi ForceAtlas algorithm. The combined Europe PMC (data type: text mining), ChEMBL (data type: drugs), Open Targets Genetics Portal (data type: genetic associations), PhenoDigm (data type: animal models), and PheWAS (data type: genetic associations) databases yielded types and varying levels of evidence for melatonin-disease triad correlations. Of the investigated databases, 235 association scores of melatonin receptors with the targeted diseases were greater than 0.2; to classify the evidence per disease class: 37% listed psychosocial disorders, 9% sleep/circadian disorders, and 54% cardiometabolic disorders. Using supervised machine learning, 546 cardiovascular, neuronal, or metabolic experimental assays with predicted or measured melatonin activity scores were identified in the ChEMBL curated database. Of 248 registered trials, 144 phase I to IV trials for melatonin or agonists have been completed, of which 33.3% were for psychosocial disorders, 59.7% were for sleep/circadian disorders, and 6.9% were for cardiometabolic disorders. Melatonin’s druggability was evidenced by evaluating target prediction and tractability for the triad of psychosocial-sleep/circadian-cardiometabolic disorders. While melatonin research and development in sleep/circadian and psychosocial disorders is more advanced, as evidenced by melatonin association scores, substantial evidence on melatonin discovery in cardiovascular and metabolic disorders supports continued R&D in cardiometabolic disorders, as evidenced by melatonin activity scores. A multiplatform analysis provided an integrative assessment of the target–disease investigations that may justify further translational research.
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Chakraborty, Souradipta, Razia Khatoon, Aindrila Chattopadhyay, and Debasish Bandyopadhyay. "Emerging role of melatonin in the alleviation of ischemic heart disease: A comprehensive review." INDIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY AND ALLIED SCIENCES 75, no. 04 (December 31, 2023): 5–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.55184/ijpas.v75i04.139.

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Melatonin, a circardian biomolecule exerts cardioprotective effects through its ability to directly scavenge free radicals and to indirectly act as an antioxidant. It has biological functions such as anti-apoptosis, anti-inflammation, antioxidant activity, mitochondrial protection, and controlling the production of cytokines by target cells. Melatonin also showed blood pressure lowering, normalising lipid profiles, and anti-inflammatory characteristics. Melatonin plays critical roles in averting oxidative stress, enhancing autophagic cell repair, modulating immunological and inflammatory responses, improving mitochondrial function, and reducing endoplasmic reticulum stress in cardiomyocytes. The absence of these cardioprotective properties due to low melatonin levels may be linked to an array of cardiovascular diseases, including ischemic heart disease. As a result, administration of melatonin is anticipated to have a clinically important role in the management of ischemic heart disease; an assertion backed by melatonin's low toxicity and high safety. Therefore, the evidence gathered in this review should provide comprehensive information on melatonin's effect in cardioprotection and, perhaps, contribute to the planning of future experimental studies.
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Min, Seung Hyun, Gabriella Gobbi, and Luca Posa. "Melatonin and its Receptors." McGill Science Undergraduate Research Journal 12, no. 1 (April 9, 2017): 38–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.26443/msurj.v12i1.43.

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Background: Melatonin (5-methoxy-N-acetyltryptamine) is a hormone that has numerous physiological functions. Synthesized and released during nighttime, melatonin exerts its physiological effects in a circadian manner. Melatonin acts by binding to its different types of receptors. The purpose of this systematic review is to summarize recent findings about melatonin, its receptors, and the differential functionalities of the most characterized melatonin receptors MT1 and MT2. Methods: We searched PubMed and Google Scholar for studies that reported melatonin receptor subtypes, their differential functionalities, biochemical structures, signal transductions, and various functions of melatonin such as pain, sleep, temperature, and antioxidative effects. We chose seventy articles for this systematic review. Summary: These studies highlight melatonin’s range of physiological functions and the differential functionalities of the melatonin receptors MT1 and MT2; they characterize the receptors’ signal transduction cascades and their biochemical structures. More studies assessing melatonin receptors’ functions would help patients with disorders in sleep, pain, and circadian rhythm.
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S, Ghosh. "Roles of Melatonin and Phyto-Melatoninas an Anti-Cancer Molecule: An Evolutionary Perspective." Journal of Natural & Ayurvedic Medicine 5, no. 3 (July 13, 2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/jonam-16000316.

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Etymologically, melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) can be traced back to the origin of life. The first origin of melatonin was detected in cyano-bacteria. As considering the endosymbiont hypothesis, cyanobacteria were engulfed by the animal and plant cells. Later on, these bacteria performed the roles of mitochondria and chloroplastids in animals and plant cells respectively. Inner matrices of these organelles are having melatonin and probable function of this intra-organelle melatonin is to protect the organelles from the detrimental effects from free radicals (Reactive Oxygen Species; ROSs and Reactive Nitrogen Species; RNSs). In higher animals, melatonin is synthesized and secreted by the pineal gland mainly during the night, since light exposure suppresses its production. Other than pineal gland, melatonin is secreted from several different organs like retina, gastro-intestinal tract. The secretion of this hormone is regulated by several environmental factors like photo-period, temperature, humidity etc. Melatonin can exert its function either by as a free molecule or by its membrane bound receptors MT1 and MT2 respectively. Modulations of melatonin receptors results in stimulation of apoptosis, regulation of pro-survival signaling, inhibition on angiogenesis, metastasis, and induction of epigenetic alteration. Melatonin could also be utilized as adjuvant of cancer therapies, through reinforcing the therapeutic effects and reducing the side effects of chemotherapies or radiation. Melatonin could be an excellent candidate for prevention and treatment of several cancers, such as breast cancer, prostate cancer, gastric cancer and colorectal cancer. This review summarized the anticancer efficacy of melatonin, based on the results of epidemiological, experimental and clinical studies.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Melatonin"

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Faria, Juliana de Almeida. "Comunicação inter-orgão ativada pela melatonina promove o controle da gliconeogênese." [s.n.], 2012. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/309383.

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Orientador: Gabriel Forato Anhê
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-21T11:52:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Faria_JulianadeAlmeida_M.pdf: 3166901 bytes, checksum: d6395a9feadc0393429b22df87066881 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012
Resumo: O aumento da produção hepática de glicose (PHG) é o principal componente que contribui para os elevados valores da glicemia de jejum em indivíduos obesos com Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 (DM2). ...Observação: O resumo, na íntegra, poderá ser visualizado no texto completo da tese digital
Abstract: The increase in hepatic glucose production (HGP) is the main component that contributes to high values of fasting glucose levels in obese individuals with diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2). ...Note: The complete abstract is available with the full electronic document
Mestrado
Farmacologia
Mestra em Farmacologia
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Souza, Bianca Ribeiro de. "Avaliação histopatológica e imuno-histoquímica dos ovários de ratas tratadas com o esteroide decanoato de nandrolona associado à melatonina /." Assis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/151646.

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Orientadora: Isabel Cristina Cherici Camargo
Coorientador: Luiz Gustavo de Almeida Chuffa
Banca: Telma Goncalves Carneiro Spera de Andrade
Banca: Ana Paula Alves Favareto
Resumo: Os esteroides anabólicos androgênicos são prescritos para o tratamento de várias doenças, porém apresentam efeitos colaterais mesmo em dosagens terapêuticas. Entre eles, destaca-se o decanoato de nandrolona (DN), o qual age sobre receptores de andrógenos (AR) e estrógenos (ERα e ERβ). Paralelamente, a melatonina (MLT) tem despertado a atenção na área da saúde devido às suas propriedades antioxidantes e profiláticas, com o intuito de reduzir ou suprimir os efeitos colaterais promovidos por fármacos. Então, o presente estudo teve por objetivo avaliar o ciclo estral, a estrutura histológica e a imunomarcação para AR, ERα e ERβ em ovários de ratas androgenizadas submetidas ao tratamento com MLT. Ratas Wistar (n = 8/grupo) receberam óleo mineral (Controle), DN (7,5 mg/kg; via subcutânea, 15 dias) e o tratamento com MLT (10 mg/kg; via intraperitoneal, 7 dias) isoladamente, previamente ou concomitantemente ao esteroide. O ciclo estral foi monitorado. Os ovários foram coletados e preparados para a avaliação do tecido. Nas ratas androgenizadas, a MLT recuperou o peso e o tecido ovariano, mas não restabeleceu o ciclo estral. O número e área dos corpos lúteos dos animais que receberam MLT, previamente ou concomitantemente ao DN, foram similares ao controle, e apenas o tratamento prévio restabeleceu a quantidade de folículos saudáveis e atrésicos. Nos folículos, a MLT promoveu uma fraca expressão do ERα e ERβ, e nos corpos lúteos inibiu a diminuição na expressão de ERβ induzido pelo DN. O tratamento prévio com MLT atenuou o aumento na expressão do AR promovido pelo DN em folículos atrésicos e corpos lúteos. Em conclusão, a MLT apresentou efeito benéfico nos ovários androgenizados através da recuperação da foliculogênese e da luteogênese. O tratamento prévio com melatonina foi mais eficaz em relação ao tratamento concomitante
Abstract: Androgenic anabolic steroids are prescribed as treatment to several diseases, however, they present side effects even in therapeutic dosages. Among them, we highlight the nandrolone decanoate (ND) which acts on androgen receptors (AR) and estrogen receptors (ERα e ERβ). At the same time, melatonin (MLT) has raised attention in health area due to its antioxidant and prophylactic properties intending reduction or surpassing side effects caused by medicine. Thus, the present study aimed assess the estrous cycle, histological structure and AR, ERα and ERβ immunolocalization in androgenized rats ovaries undergone treatment with MLT. Wistar rats (n= 8/group) received mineral oil (Control), ND (7,5 mg/kg; subcutaneously, 15 days) and treatment with MLT (10 mg/kg; intraperitoneally, 7 days) singly, previously or concomitantly to steroid. Estrous cycle was monitored. The ovaries were collected and prepared for tissue assessment. In androgenized rats, MLT recovered weight and ovarian tissue, but it did not reestablish the estrous cycle. The number and area of corpus luteum of animals which received MLT, previously or concomitantly to ND, were similar to control, and only previous treatment reestablished the quantity of healthy and atretic follicles. In follicles, MLT promoted a weak expression of the ERα and ERβ, and in corpora lutea, it inhibited the decrease in the ERβ expression induced by ND. Previous treatment with MLT mitigated the increase in AR expression promoted by ND in atretic follicles and corporea lutea. In conclusion, melatonin presented a beneficial effect on the androgenized ovaries through the recovery of the folliculogenesis and luteogenesis. The previous treatment was the most effective
Mestre
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Hayes, Helen. "Melatonin and sleep /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1992. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09SPS/09spsh417.pdf.

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Pedrosa, Alziana Moreno da Cunha. "Triptofano, melatonina e seus produtos de oxidação: ações sobre os linfócitos T." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/9/9136/tde-26032007-140112/.

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Os linfócitos T sofrem rígida regulação homeostática desde seu desenvolvimento até sua maturação, expansão clonal e morte celular. Compostos endógenos ou exógenos que alterem as funções fisiológicas dos linfócitos T podem modular passos importantes da resposta imune. Triptofano tem um papel importante na manutenção da homeostasia dos linfócitos T e é o precursor da síntese de melatonina. Neste estudo, avaliamos os efeitos de triptofano, melatonina e seus produtos de oxidação sobre os principais processos de ativação e desativação dos linfócitos T. Inicialmente, investigamos os efeitos biológicos de L-quinurenina (KYN, composto formado na via de metabolização do triptofano), melatonina e seus produtos de oxidação N1-acetil-N2-formil-5-metoxiquinuramina (AFMK) e N1-acetil-5- metoxiquinuramina (AMK) sobre a proliferação dos linfócitos T humanos e na produção de interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) e das interleucinas IL-2, IL-10 e IL-12. Observamos que KYN, melatonina, AFMK e AMK inibem a linfoproliferação e a liberação de IL-2 e de IFN-γ . O efeito inibitório destes compostos na síntese de IFN-γ não está associado às variações na produção das duas citocinas mais importantes na regulação de IFN-γ , ou seja, IL-10 e IL-12. Na seqüência, descrevemos a ação da melatonina e seus produtos de oxidação, sobre a morte celular induzida por ativação (AICD) de hibridomas de linfócitos T e os possíveis mecanismos de ação. Os resultados deste estudo mostram que tanto melatonina quanto AFMK e AMK são potentes inibidores da apoptose dos linfócitos T. Estes compostos inibem a ativação do Fator de Transcrição Nuclear de Células T ativadas (NFAT) e suprimem a expressão da molécula Fas Ligante (FasL), que é o evento imprescindível para a indução da AICD. Como conclusões, verificamos que os produtos formados tanto a partir da oxidação de triptofano quanto de melatonina são potenciais reguladores da resposta imune e podem participar dos efeitos imunossupressores, nos quais a depleção de triptofano tem sido sugerida como principal mecanismo de regulação dos linfócitos T. Adicionalmente, nossos achados podem ter utilidade na avaliação de possíveis efeitos indesejáveis durante a utilização terapêutica de melatonina.
T Lymphocytes are exposed to severe homeostatic regulation from development stage up to their maturation, clonal expansion and cell death. Endogenous or exogenous compounds altering the physiological functions of T lymphocytes can modulate important steps of the immune response. Tryptophan plays an important role for maintaining the homeostasis of T lymphocytes and is the precursor of the melatonin synthesis. In this study we evaluated the effects of tryptophan, melatonin and their oxidation products concerning the main activation and deactivation processes of T lymphocytes. Firstly, we analyzed the biological effects of L-kynurenine (KYN, a compound formed at the tryptophan metabolization pathway), melatonin and its oxidation products, N-acetyl-N-formyl-5-methoxykynuramine (AFMK) and N-acetyl-5- methoxykynuramine (AMK), concerning the proliferation of human T lymphocytes and the production of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) as well as of interleukins IL-2, IL-10 and IL-12. It was observed that KYN, melatonin, AFMK and AMK inhibit the lymphocytes proliferation and the release of IL-2 and IFN-γ. The inhibitory effect of these compounds in the IFN-γ synthesis is not related to the variations on the production of the two most important cytokines for the IFN-γ regulation, that is, IL-10 and IL-12. After that, we reported the melatonin action as well as of its oxidation products, in what concerns activation-induced cell death (AICD) of T lymphocytes hybridomas and probable activation mechanisms. The results of this study have shown that melatonin as well as AFMK and AMK are powerful inhibitors of the T lymphocytes apoptosis. These compounds inhibit the activation of the nuclear transcription factor of activated T cells (NFAT) and suppress the expression of the Fas-Ligand molecule (FasL), which is the essential event to the AICD induction. We concluded that products formed by the oxidation of either tryptophan or melatonin are potential regulators of the immune response and may participate on immunosuppression effects, in which the tryptophan depletion is believed to be the main mechanism for T lymphocytes regulation. Added to that, our results may be helpful for evaluating possible unwanted effects during the therapeutical use of melatonin.
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Lapa, Marco Antonio Pires Camilo. "Vias de transdução envolvidas na síntese de melatonina por fagócitos do colostro humano." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/41/41135/tde-06122010-171220/.

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A síntese de melatonina por fagócitos mononucleares do colostro humano é iniciada após a indução com a partícula zimosan, com ou sem opsonização por IgA. Esta produção é dependente da ativação da via NFKB, o que foi observado após o bloqueio farmacológico da via com PDTC ou ALLN levando a diminuição da concentração de melatonina nas culturas. A localização do NFKB varia temporalmente após o estímulo inicial e as subunidades do NFKB são diferentes no núcleo de células ativadas. A subunidade p50 está presente em todas as condições experimentais (controle, zimosan e zimosan opsonizado), mas as subunidades Rel A e c-Rel apenas nas células tratadas. A melatonina apresenta atividade sobre células imunocompetentes em diversos modelos experimentais, mas o modelo de fagocitose ainda não havia sido relatado na literatura. Observamos que a melatonina é capaz de potenciar a fagocitose de zimosan não opsonizado. A capacidade de síntese de melatonina apresentada por células imunocompetentes é um fenômeno conhecido e agora pudemos demonstrar que a via NFKB é responsável também pela síntese de melatonina em fagócitos mononucleares do colostro. Ao contrário do que ocorre na glândula pineal onde a ativação da via do NFKB bloqueia a síntese de melatonina, nos leucócitos, a ativação desta via se faz necessária para o inicio da síntese. Uma possível justificativa para esta diferença é a presença da subunidade c-Rel apenas nos fagócitos, permitindo supor que esta subunidade seja responsável pela síntese de melatonina nestas células. Hipoteticamente, a síntese de melatonina dependente da ativação de um fator envolvido com a resposta inflamatória, abre a perspectiva de que a melatonina estaria participando deste processo. O aumento na taxa de fagocitose induzida pela melatonina mostra uma participação importante dessa indolamina durante uma infecção, diminuindo o tempo em que um possível patógeno se encontraria no meio extracelular auxiliando na sua rápida eliminação. Os dados apresentados no presente trabalho demonstram que as células imunocompetentes não apenas produzem esta indolamina, como também se utilizam dela para modular processos nos quais estas células participam.
The melatonin synthesis by human mononuclear phagocytes starts after the induction by IgA opsonized or not zymosan. This production is dependent on the activation of NFKB pathway since the pharmacological block of the pathway by PDTC or ALLN reduces the melatonin concentration in culture supernatants. The NFKB localization temporally varies after initial stimulus and the presence of specific subunits in the cell nucleus is different in activated cells when compared with control cells. We observed the presence of p50 subunit in all experimental conditions (control, zymosan, opsonized zymosan), but the Rel A and c-Rel subunits were only detected in treated cells. Melatonin shows activity over immune cells in many experimental models, but the phagocytosis model was not yet reported in literature. We observed that melatonin (1 nM) is able to potentiate the non opsonized zymosan phagocytosis. The capacity to synthesize melatonin presented by immune cells is a well known phenomenon and now we demonstrate that the NFKB pathway is also responsible for the melatonin synthesis in colostral mononuclear phagocytes. The activation of NFKB pathway inhibits the melatonin synthesis in pineal gland but, in leukocytes, the activation of this pathway is necessary to achieved melatonin synthesis. A possible explanation for this difference is the presence of c-Rel in the phagocytes, which presents transactivation domains, allowing the supposition that this subunit is the responsible for melatonin synthesis in these cells. Since, melatonin synthesis is dependent on the activation of a factor involved with an inflammatory response, this study opens the perspective that the melatonin could participate as a modulator of this process. The phagocytosis induced by melatonin discloses a significant role of this indolamine during an infection, promoting the fast elimination of pathogen in the extracellular medium. The data shows that immune cells not only produces this indolamine, but also use the melatonin to modulate the immune responses.
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Santos, Adriessa Aparecida dos. "Melatonina sintetizada por microglias de cerebelo em cultura regula o processo de fagocitose." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/41/41135/tde-17072015-153623/.

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A melatonina é uma indolamina sintetizada principalmente pela glândula pineal, cuja função está associada à marcação do escuro. Além deste papel cronobiótico, a melatonina também tem papel na defesa e é sintetizada por outros sítios podendo exercer ação parácrina e autócrina, como em células imunocompetentes. Concentrações substancialmente elevadas de melatonina são encontradas no liquido cefalorraquidiano (LCR) que tem sido vinculada à síntese de melatonina por células do sistema nervoso central (SNC), como as microglias. Sabendo-se que estas células são os macrófagos residentes no SNC e que a síntese de melatonina por estes fagócitos já é comprovada, nosso trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar se microglias cerebelares sintetizam essa indolamina e se esta atua potencializando a fagocitose destas células. Nossos resultados mostram que o bloqueio dos receptores de melatonina com o antagonista luzindol, diminuiu tanto a fagocitose induzida por melatonina exógena, quanto à fagocitose basal, indicando que há síntese de melatonina por microglias cerebelares que, por sua vez, age na fagocitose. Esses resultados são relevantes e indicam que a melatonina sintetizada pela microglia, pode estar relacionada com a homeostase do ambiente neural. Sendo assim, nossos dados podem contribuir com estudos que estabeleçam novas estratégias terapêuticas para doenças neuroinflamatórias.
Melatonin is a indolamine synthesized primarily by the pineal gland, whose function is associated with the marking of the dark phase. Beyond this chronobiotic function, melatonin also plays a role in defense and is synthesized by other sites. It may exert paracrine and autocrine action, like in immunocompetent cells. High substantially concentrations of melatonin are found in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) that has been linked to the synthesis of melatonin by the central nervous system cells (CNS), such as microglia. Knowing that these cells are the resident macrophages in the CNS and that melatonin synthesis by these phagocytes is proven, our study aims to assess whether cerebellar microglia synthesize this indolamine and whther this acts enhancing phagocytosis of these cells. Our results show that blocking the melatonin receptors with the antagonist, luzindole, both the exogenous melatonin-induced phagocytosis and the basal phagocytosis decreased, indicating that there is melatonin synthesis by cerebellar microglia which acts on phagocytosis. These results are significant and indicate that melatonin synthesized by microglia may be related to the neural environment homeostasis. In this way, our data can contribute, for example, in studies to establish new therapeutic strategies for neuroinflammatory diseases.
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Hazlerigg, David G. "Cellular actions of melatonin." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.295370.

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Bagnaresi, Piero. "Inter-relação do ritmo e da ação de drogas antimaláricas na infecção da malária de roedores." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/41/41135/tde-07072009-152249/.

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A malária é a doença parasitaria que mais mata no mundo. Metade da população mundial está sob risco de contrair a doença, que mata mais de 1 milhão de pessoas por ano, principalmente crianças com menos de 5 anos de idade. A periodicidade das febres é o sintoma característico da doença. A febre é resultado da lise dos eritrócitos mediada pela saída do parasita, para infectar novas células. Esse evento é sincronizado, com os parasitas rompendo as células ao mesmo tempo. Para que isso aconteça, os eventos celulares que são necessários para a maturação do parasita dentro do eritrócito tem que ser finamente regulada. O hormônio circadiano melatonina é o sinal que sincroniza o ciclo intraeritrocítico do Plasmodium. Neste trabalho, reportamos que a sincronia observada na maioria das espécies do parasita pode ser usada por ele como meio de evadir o sistema imune do hospedeiro e assegurar a continuidade da infecção. Quando dessincronizamos o desenvolvimento do parasita P. chabaudi utilizando luzindol, um antagonista da melatonina, foi observado que o uso de uma dose sub-otima do antimalárico cloroquina aumenta a sobrevida de camundongos infectados. Reportamos também que P. berghei, parasita de roedor que possui uma infecção não sincronizada, não percebe o hormônio. Diferentemente do que é observado com espécies que possuem sincronia, a melatonina falhou em induzir aumento de cálcio intracelular ou sincronizar o ciclo de vida do parasita in vitro. No trabalho também é relatado a construção de vetores para nocauteamento de genes em Plasmodium, afim de se conhecer a função das genes alvo por análise de fenótipo.
Malaria is the most killing parasitic disease in the world. Half of the world population is at risk of contracting the disease, which kills over 1 million people, being children under 5 the most affected. The fever periodicity is the characteristic symptom of the disease. The fever is a result of the burst of the erythrocyte when the parasite leaves the host cell to infect other ones. This event is highly synchronous, with the parasites going out of the cells at the same time. For this to happen, the cellular events that are necessary for parasite growth have to be very well regulated. The circadian hormone melatonin is the signal that synchronizes the intraerythrocytic cycle of Plasmodium. In this work, we report that this synchrony, observed in the majority of the parasites species, could be used as a way to evade the immune system, assuring the continuity of the infection. When we disrupt this synchrony with luzindole, a melatonin antagonist, we observe that a suboptimal dose of the antimalarial chloroquine increases the survival of the infected mice. We also report that P. berghei, rodent parasite that possess and unsynchronized infection, cant perceive the hormone. Unlike what is observed in species that have a synchronous infection, melatonin fail to induce intracellular calcium increase or promote cell cycle synchronization in vitro. Here we also report the construction of knockout vector for Plasmodium, to be used to investigate the functions of the target genes by phenotype analysis.
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Santos, Claudia Carina Conceição dos. "Eficácia da melatonina no tratamento da endometriose." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/67646.

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Introdução: Endometriose é uma doença benigna que afeta mulheres em idade fértil. Tem caráter multifatorial estrogenodependente associado à resposta inflamatória generalizada na cavidade peritoneal e sendo a causa mais comum de dor pélvica crônica. Objetivos: O estudo comparou o efeito da melatonina (10 mg/dia) com placebo na dor e níveis séricos do Brainderived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) de pacientes com endometriose. Métodos: Foi realizado um ensaio clínico randomizado, duplo-cego, em paralelo, controlado com placebo. Foram incluídas mulheres com idade entre 24 e 52 anos com diagnóstico de endometriose por laparoscopia selecionadas a partir da agenda diária de consultas do ambulatório de Ginecologia e por chamamento na mídia local, no período de setembro de 2010 a abril de 2012. Foram utilizados questionários para avaliar a frequência e a intensidade da dor (na relação sexual, na micção e no trabalho), sintomas depressivos, nível de pensamento catastrófico e o Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID) para diagnósticos psiquiátricos.Resultados: Na analise por intenção de tratar a média de dor no período menstrual foi de 4,8 cm ± 0,15 no grupo que recebeu melatonina (n=20) e de 6,9 cm ± 0,13 no grupo placebo (n=20), com diferença média (ajustada para o efeito de cada paciente) de 2,147 cm na escala análogo visual de dor (EAV) (IC 95%; 1,767 a 2,527; p<0,001). Também houve diferença entre as médias de dor ao urinar (diferença média=0,660; IC 95%; 0,348 a 0,971; p<0,001) e dor ao evacuar (diferença média=0,515; IC 95%; 0,180 a 0,849; p=0,003). Pacientes que receberam melatonina tiveram redução nos níveis séricos de BDNF. Conclusões: O uso da melatonina foi associado à redução da dor mesmo fora do período menstrual em pacientes com endometriose. O tratamento também reduziu os níveis de BDNF, sugerindo mudança em sistemas moduladores de dor. Tais achados sugerem que a melatonina é eficaz no tratamento da endometriose.
Background: Endometriosis is a benign condition that affects women in childbearing age. It is a estrogen-dependent disease, multifactorial, associated with a generalized inflammatory response in the peritoneal cavity, being the most common cause of chronic pelvic pain. Objective: This study have compared the effect of melatonin 10 mg / day with placebo in pain and in serum levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in patients with endometriosis. Methods: We conducted a randomized, double-blind, parallel, placebocontrolled trial. We included women at aged between 24 and 52 years with the diagnosis of endometriosis by laparoscopy selected from the daily schedule of consultations of the Gynecology outpatient clinic and by calling the local media, for the period September 2010 to April 2012. Questionnaires were used to evaluate the frequency and intensity of pain (during intercourse, urination and work), depressive symptoms, level of catastrophic thinking and the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID) for psychiatric diagnoses. Results: In the analysis by intention to treat, the mean pain during menstruation was 4.8 ± 0.15 cm in the group receiving Melatonin (n = 20) and 6.9 ± 0.13 cm in the group placebo (n = 20), with mean difference (adjusted for the effect of each patient) of 2.147 cm in VAS (95% CI 1.767 to 2.527, p <0.001). There were also differences between the means of pain when urinating (mean difference = 0.660 95% CI 0.348 to 0.971, p <0.001), and pain when defecating (mean difference = 0.515 95% CI 0.180 to 0.849, p = 0.003). Patients who received melatonin had reduced serum levels of BDNF. Conclusion: The use of melatonin was associated with reduced pain even outside the menstrual period in women with endometriosis. The treatment also reduced levels of BDNF, suggesting change in pain modulatory systems. These findings suggest that melatonin is effective in the treatment of endometriosis.
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Kuehn, Christian Collins. "Análise in vitro e in vivo da ação conjunta dos hormônios Dehidroepiandrosterona (DHEA) e Melatonina (MEL) contra Trypanosoma cruzi." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/60/60135/tde-10092009-085526/.

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Estudos prévios mostram que tanto a melatonina (MEL) como a Dehidroepiandrosterona (DHEA) aumentaram a resposta imune contra distintos parasitas. O presente estudo investigou a atividade in vitro da MEL e DHEA associados em um período de 24 horas e in vivo durante o curso da infecção por T. cruzi. A atividade in vitro da MEL e DHEA sozinhos, bem como juntos foram testados sobre formas tripomastigotas (doses variando de 0.5, 8, 20, 32, 40 to 128 µM). In vitro, tanto MEL como DHEA sozinhos não mostraram qualquer atividade contras formas tripomastigotas, embora quando utilizadas em concentrações mais elevadas, a associação de MEL e DHEA mostrou-se ativa contra formas tripomastigotas do parasita. Entretanto, para estas altas concentrações, verificou-se alta toxicidade sobre os macrófagos peritoneais. Para avaliação in vivo, ratos machos Wistar foram infectados com a cepa Y de T. cruzi. Os animais foram oralmente tratados com 5 mg/kg peso corpóreo/dia de MEL e de forma subcutânea com 40mg/kg peso corpóreo/dia de DHEA. Tratamento com MEL, DHEA e associado mostrou uma redução significante no número de tripomastigotas sangüíneos durante a fase aguda da infecção quando comparado aos animais não trados (P<0.05). Um significante aumento no número de macrófagos e concentração de óxido nítrico (NO) foram observados durante o pico da parasitemia apenas com MEL ou combinado com DHEA. Entretanto, observou-se que o DHEA sozinho aumentou a concentração de NO (P<0.05), bem como os níveis de TNF-alfa durante a infecção (P<0.05). Estes resultados mostram que a MEL, DHEA ou a associação de ambos reduz a parasitemia durante a fase aguda de infecção. A ação combinada de ambos os hormônios não exerceu uma ação sinérgica sobre a magnitude da resposta imune do hospedeiro, ficando o DHEA como a substância que induziu a resposta imune mais eficiente.
Previous studies show that melatonin (MEL) and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) enhances the immune response against parasitic pathogens. The present study investigated the in vitro activity of MEL and DHEA association in a period of 24 hours and in vivo during the course of T. cruzi infection. The in vitro activity of MEL and DHEA alone, as well as together, were tested for the trypomastigote forms (doses ranging from 0.5, 8, 20, 32, 40 to 128µM). In vitro, nor MEL nor DHEA alone did not show any activity against trypomastigote forms, although when the highest concentration of MEL and DHEA association was used, it was active against the trypomastigote forms of the parasite. However, for this concentration, a quite toxicity on peritoneal macrophages was observed. For in vivo evaluation, male Wistar rats were infected with the Y strain of T. cruzi. They were orally treated with 5mg/kg body weight/day of MEL and subcutaneously with 40mg/kg body weight/day of DHEA. Treatment with MEL, DHEA and the association showed a significant reduction in the number of blood trypomastigotes during the acute phase of infection as compared to untreated animals (P<0.05). A significant increase in the number of macrophages and nitric oxide (NO) concentrations were observed during the peak of parasitemia with MEL alone or combined with DHEA. However, with DHEA alone, the highest concentration of NO was observed (P<0.05). Moreover, DHEA treatment increased TNF-alpha levels during infection (P<0.05). These results show that MEL, DHEA or the association of both reduces parasitemia during the acute phase of infection. The combined action of both hormones did not exert a synergic action on the hosts ability to fight infection, and it seems that among all treatments DHEA induces a more efficient immune response.
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Books on the topic "Melatonin"

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Jockers, Ralf, and Erika Cecon, eds. Melatonin. New York, NY: Springer US, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-2593-4.

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Devi, S. Parvathi. Melatonin. New Delhi: Indian Council of Medical Research, 1991.

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Andrew, Miles, Philbrick David R. S, and Thompson Chris, eds. Melatonin: Clinical perspectives. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1988.

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Huether, Gerald, Walter Kochen, Thomas J. Simat, and Hans Steinhart, eds. Tryptophan, Serotonin, and Melatonin. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4709-9.

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Olcese, James, ed. Melatonin After Four Decades. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/b111523.

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M, Maestroni Georges J., Conti Ario, and Reiter Russel J, eds. Therapeutic potential of melatonin. Basel: Karger, 1997.

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E, Soriento Yolanda, ed. Melatonin, sleep and insomnia. Hauppauge, N.Y: Nova Science, 2009.

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Sahelian, Ray. Melatonin: Nature's sleeping pill. Marina Del Rey, CA: Be Happier Press, 1995.

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LeVert, Suzanne. Melatonin: The anti-aging hormone. New York: Avon Books, 1995.

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Rozencwaig, Roman. The melatonin and aging sourcebook. Prescott, Ariz: Hohm Press, 1997.

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Book chapters on the topic "Melatonin"

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Baba, Kenkichi, and Gianluca Tosini. "Real-Time Monitoring of Circadian Rhythms in the Eye." In Melatonin, 367–75. New York, NY: Springer US, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-2593-4_37.

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Dauchy, Robert T., Steven M. Hill, and David E. Blask. "A Method for Growing Tissue-Isolated Human Tumor Xenografts in Nude Rats for Melatonin/Cancer Studies." In Melatonin, 489–96. New York, NY: Springer US, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-2593-4_47.

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do Amaral, Fernanda Gaspar, José Cipolla-Neto, and Solange Castro Afeche. "Melatonin Synthesis Enzymes Activity: Radiometric Assays for AANAT, ASMT, and TPH." In Melatonin, 33–43. New York, NY: Springer US, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-2593-4_6.

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St. Hilaire, Melissa A., and Steven W. Lockley. "Measuring Dim Light Melatonin Onset in Humans." In Melatonin, 13–20. New York, NY: Springer US, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-2593-4_3.

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Ferry, Gilles, and Jean A. Boutin. "Measurement of NQO2 Catalytic Activity and of Its Inhibition by Melatonin." In Melatonin, 315–21. New York, NY: Springer US, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-2593-4_33.

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Munmun, Fahima, and Paula A. Witt-Enderby. "Mesenchymal Stem Cell and Monocyte Co-cultures." In Melatonin, 353–64. New York, NY: Springer US, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-2593-4_36.

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Boutin, Jean A., Christel Logez, Marjorie Damian, Renaud Wagner, Jean-Louis Banères, and Gilles Ferry. "MT1 Melatonin Receptor Reconstitution in Nanodiscs." In Melatonin, 171–78. New York, NY: Springer US, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-2593-4_21.

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Calamini, Barbara, Gilles Ferry, and Jean A. Boutin. "Melatonin Binding to Human NQO2 by Isothermal Titration Calorimetry." In Melatonin, 305–14. New York, NY: Springer US, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-2593-4_32.

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Rath, Martin Fredensborg, and Morten Møller. "Radiochemical In Situ Hybridization in Developmental Studies of the Pineal Gland." In Melatonin, 75–84. New York, NY: Springer US, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-2593-4_10.

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Cecon, Erika, Jean-Luc Guillaume, and Ralf Jockers. "Functional Investigation of Melatonin Receptor Activation by Homogenous cAMP Assay." In Melatonin, 179–88. New York, NY: Springer US, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-2593-4_22.

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Conference papers on the topic "Melatonin"

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Mohamed, Ayat, and Caroline Groves. "854 Melatonin." In Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, Abstracts of the RCPCH Conference, Liverpool, 28–30 June 2022. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2022-rcpch.120.

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"Sleep and Melatonin." In PROCEEDING BOOK OF 1ST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MODERN AND ADVANCED RESEARCH ICMAR 2023. All Sciences Academy, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.59287/icmar.1244.

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Boyko, E. V., and I. F. Golovatskaya. "The effect of melatonin and IAA on the growth of Arabidopsis thaliana cotyledons seedlings in different spectral composition of the light." In 2nd International Scientific Conference "Plants and Microbes: the Future of Biotechnology". PLAMIC2020 Organizing committee, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.28983/plamic2020.049.

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We studied the effect of melatonin and IAA on the growth of Arabidopsis thaliana cotyledons seedlings in red and blue light. The mutual influence of melatonin and IAA on the regulation of cotyledon growth under selective light was shown.
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Kim, Christine, Xia Wen, Luigi Brunetti, and Lauren M. Aleksunes. "Melatonin Renoprotection against Vancomycin Toxicity: Dual Activation of Melatonin Receptors and NRF2 Signaling." In ASPET 2024 Annual Meeting Abstract. American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1124/jpet.015.100225.

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Fernandes, Lucca Ferdinando Queiroz, Rafael Palmeira Araújo Medeiros Nóbrega, João Victor Gregório de Azevedo Pereira, Maria Clara de Araújo Jales, Maria Clara Medeiros Araújo, Lucas Medeiros Dunga, Francisco Belisio de Medeiros Neto, and Iury Hélder Santos Dantas. "Melatonin: a safe and effective treatment for rem sleep disorder in an elderly patient - a case report." In XIV Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.141s1.608.

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Introduction: REM sleep disorder is a parasomnia characterized by the loss of atonia during REM sleep, resulting in dream enactment behavior. It is commonly associated with dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and is prevalent in up to 90% of individuals with this condition. Treatment for REM sleep disorder typically involves a combination of antipsychotics and melatonin, which can regulate sleep and reduce symptoms. The aim is to report a case of using melatonin for REM sleep disorder in an elderly patient. This is a case report study. The information of this work was obtained through review of the medical record. Case report: A 87-years-old female with DLB. After 36 months of dementia onset, the patient experienced dysregulation of the sleep-wake cycle, with nocturnal awakenings, visual hallucinations, and vocalizations and complex motor behaviors during REM sleep. The patient was initially prescribed olanzapine 5 mg once a day, which led to three episodes of dysregulation per week. Clonazepam 0.5 mg was added to the treatment, in combination with environmental measures and maintenance treatment for DLB, resulting in two episodes per week. After three months, clonazepam was replaced by melatonin 3 mg, which led to a reduction in episodes to five per month. The dosage of melatonin was later increased to 6 mg, which reduced the frequency of dysregulation to three episodes per month. Olanzapine was eventually replaced by quetiapine 25 mg once daily, leading to only one episode per month. Conclusion: Melatonin was found to be effective in reducing agitation and other symptoms without causing any side effects in the patient. It is important for healthcare professionals to consider the use of melatonin in the treatment of REM sleep disorder, particularly in elderly patients.
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Kreshchenko, N. D., and D. E. Mitkovskii. "MELATONIN STIMULATES PHOTORECEPTOR DIFFERENTIATION IN REGENERATION OF PLANARIAN SCHMIDTEA MEDITERRANEA." In THEORY AND PRACTICE OF PARASITIC DISEASE CONTROL. All-Russian Scientific Research Institute for Fundamental and Applied Parasitology of Animals and Plant – a branch of the Federal State Budget Scientific Institution “Federal Scientific Centre VIEV”, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.31016/978-5-6048555-6-0.2023.24.229-234.

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The planarian Schmidtea mediterranea (Turbellaria, Platyhelminthes) has a pair of eyes on the anterior part of the body consisting of pigment cells and photoreceptor neurons capable of regeneration. The research represents a study of the effects of melatonin on photoreceptor differentiation after decapitation of the planarian. During the experiment, the worms were decapitated, and the eye regeneration was observed at days 3 and 4 of the regeneration. Different stages of the photoreceptor regeneration were observed such as both eyes in the regenerating planarians, planarians with one eye, and planarians with no eyes. In most of the animals, the photoreceptors were already visible at day 4 after the decapitation. In the experimental planarians exposed to melatonin at concentrations of 1 and 0.1 µM, the accelerated photoreceptor differentiation was observed. The stimulating effects of melatonin were detected in three animal groups on day 3 and 4 after the decapitation. The study will be continued to evaluate mechanisms of the melatonin action on planarian regeneration.
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Mian, Tian, Timon C. Liu, and Yan Li. "Color indirect effects on melatonin regulation." In International Workshop on Photonics and Imaging in Biology and Medicine, edited by Qingming Luo, Britton Chance, and Valery V. Tuchin. SPIE, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.462537.

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Wang, T., R. Shao, Y. Wang, S. Dai, C. Yu, L. Hao, and J. Li. "EFFECTS OF FULL-DAY DYNAMIC LIGHTING PATTERNS ON HORMONE CONCENTRATION, CORE BODY TEMPERATURE AND SUBJECTIVE ALERTNESS AT BEDTIME IN CONFINED SPACES." In CIE 2023 Conference. International Commission on Illumination, CIE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.25039/x50.2023.op082.

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Confined Spaces is short of lighting and is difficult to perceive time changes, which is easy to lead to rhythm disorders and sleep disorders. It is urgent to introduce dynamic lighting mode. In this study, 20 male subjects were subjected to 4 consecutive weeks of closed experiments in an underground confined space, using 1 light mode per week (constant light mode and 2 dynamic light modes that induced the rhythm phase to move forward or backward). Melatonin and cortisol concentrations, core body temperature, and subjective sleepiness (Karolinska scale score) were collected daily at bedtime. The results showed that the bedtime melatonin concentration and subjective sleepiness score decreased day by day in week 1, and the change trend was opposite in week 2 and 4. At the 3rd week, the melatonin concentration and KSS score before bedtime were significantly decreased, and the core body temperature was significantly increased (p < 0.05). There was a cumulative effect of light on hormone concentration, core body temperature and subjective alertness. The dynamic light mode can effectively induce the shift of rhythm phase. The appropriate dynamic light mode can be customized according to the individual's "social jet leg".
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Varganova, S. V. "EXPERIENCE IN THE TREATMENT OF INSOMNIA WITH MELATONIN." In Психологическое здоровье и развитие личности в современном мире. Благовещенск: Амурский государственный университет, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22250/9785934933792_127.

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Castro-Ramos, J., H. N. Chavarría-Lizárraga, R. Bruzual-Roa, and F. Narea-Jiménez. "Determination of chronic degenerative diseases by Raman spectroscopy, principal component analysis, and saliva biomarkers." In Frontiers in Optics. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/fio.2023.jm4a.25.

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We analyzed saliva samples' Raman spectra. We analyze the Raman spectra of salivary biomarkers such as albumin, alanine aminotransferase, cortisol, and melatonin. With the peaks found in the saliva spectrum, we associate them with chronic degenerative diseases.
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Reports on the topic "Melatonin"

1

Hill, Steven M. Melatonin, Aging and Breast Cancer. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada396723.

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Hill, Steven M. Melatonin, Aging and Breast Cancer. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada408705.

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Hill, Steven M. Melatonin Aging and Breast Cancer. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada417076.

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4

Kelly, Tamsin L., Deborah Smith, and Paul Naitoh. Melatonin, Light and Circadian Cycles. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada223196.

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5

Cassone, Vincent M. Melatonin, the Pineal Gland, and Circadian Rhythms. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada280467.

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Cassone, Vincent M. Melatonin, The Pineal Gland and Circadian Rhythms. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada250640.

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Georgiev, Georgi N., Milena Mourdjeva, Tsvetelina Oreshkova, Roumen Pankov, and Rossitza Konakchieva. MT1 and MT2 Melatonin Receptor Expression and In Vitro Melatonin Effect on the PHA‑dependent Activation of Human PBMC. "Prof. Marin Drinov" Publishing House of Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, December 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/crabs.2019.11.07.

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He, Qingyun, and Ning Dai. Melatonin or melatonin receptor agonist for treatment of functional dyspepsia: a systematic review and meta‑analysis of randomized controlled trials. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, April 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2024.4.0078.

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9

Hansen, Peter J., Zvi Roth, and Jeremy J. Block. Improving oocyte competence in dairy cows exposed to heat stress. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2014.7598163.bard.

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Original Objectives. The overall goal is to develop methods to increase pregnancy rate in lactating dairy cows exposed to heat stress through methods that minimize damage to the oocyte and embryo caused by heat stress. Objectives were as follows: (1) examine the protective effects of melatonin on developmental competence of oocytes exposed to elevated temperature in vitro; (2) test whether melatonin feeding can improve developmental competence of oocytes in vivo and, if so, whether effects are limited to the summer or also occur in the absence of heat stress; and (3) evaluate the effectiveness of improving fertility by facilitating follicular turnover in the summer and winter. Revised Objectives. (1) Examine protective effects of melatonin and follicular fluid on developmental competence of oocytes exposed to elevated temperature in vitro; (2) examine the protective effects of melatonin on developmental competence of embryos exposed to elevated temperature in vitro; (3) evaluate effectiveness of improving fertility by administering human chorionicgonadotropin (hCG) to increase circulating concentrations of progesterone and evaluate whether response to hCG depends upon genotype for four mutations reported to be related to cow fertility; and (4) identify genes with allelic variants that increase resistance of embryos to heat shock. Background. The overall hypothesis is that pregnancy success is reduced by heat stress because of damage to the oocyte and cleavage-stage embryo mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS), and that fertility can be improved by provision of antioxidants or by removing follicles containing oocytes damaged by heat stress. During the study, additional evidence from the literature indicated the potential importance of treatment with chorionicgonadotropin to increase fertility of heat- stressed cows and results from other studies in our laboratories implicated genotype as an important determinant of cow fertility. Thus, the project was expanded to evaluate hCG treatment and to identify whether fertility response to hCG depended upon single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in genes implicated as important for cow fertility. We also evaluated whether a SNP in a gene important for cellular resistance to heat stress (HSPA1L, a member of the heat shock protein 70 family) is important for embryonic resistance to elevated temperature. Major conclusions, solutions & achievements. Results confirmed that elevated temperature increases ROS production by the oocyte and embryo and that melatonin decreases ROS. Melatonin reduced, but did not completely block, damaging effects of heat shock on the oocyte and had no effect on development of the embryo. Melatonin was protective to the oocyte at 0.1-1 μM, a concentration too high to be achieved in cows. It was concluded that melatonin is unlikely to be a useful molecule for increasing fertility of heat-stressed cows. Treatment with hCG at day 5 after breeding increased first-service pregnancy rate for primiparous cows but not for multiparous cows. Thus, hCG could be useful for increasing fertility in first-parity cows. The effectiveness of hCG depended upon genotype for a SNP in COQ9, a gene encoding for a mitochondrial-function protein. This result points the way to future efforts to use genetic information to identify populations of cows for which hormone treatments will be effective or ineffective. The SNP in HSPA1L was related to embryonic survival after heat shock. Perhaps, genetic selection for mutations that increase cellular resistance to heat shock could be employed to reduce effects of heat stress on fertility. Implications, both scientific and agricultural. This project has resulted in abandonment of one possible approach to improve fertility of the heat-stressed cow (melatonin therapy) while also leading to a method for improving fertility of primiparous cows exposed to heat stress (hCG treatment) that can be implemented on farms today. Genetic studies have pointed the way to using genetic information to 1) tailor hormonal treatments to cow populations likely to respond favorably and 2) select animals whose embryos have superior resistance to elevated body temperatures.
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Darrow, Janet M. Melatonin Action on the Circadian Pacemaker in Siberian Hamsters. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada243057.

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