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Journal articles on the topic 'Melaka'
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1
Mokhtar, Noor aisyah, and Kamarul afizi Kosman. "MELAKA MALAY CITY BEFORE 1511 BASED ON PORTUGUESE SKETCHES." Asia Proceedings of Social Sciences 4, no. 2 (April 22, 2019): 136–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.31580/apss.v4i2.765.
Full textAbstract:
Research Highlights
The Melaka Malay Sultanate Empire is often referred as a glorious empire of various administrative, economic, and physical aspects. The Melaka Malay City in the context of this paper refers to Bandar Melaka during the reign of the Melaka Malay Sultanate, which was originally from Bukit Melaka which houses Melaka Palace to the surrounding area. Based on research, mapping of the Melaka city can be divided into three hierarchy with clear separation morphology. The first hierarchy is the Melaka harbor extending from the coast to the settlement and the city of Melaka. The second hierarchy is the administrative area of Melaka, the mosque as a center of knowledge and da'wah, bridges that connects area and as economic activities’ space for traders and residents of Melaka. The third hierarchy is the area deeper into Melaka forest that had orchard houses of Melaka’s residents, agricultural area and settlements of most Melaka residents.
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Research Objectives
The purpose of this study is to examine and interpret the picture of the Melaka City based on the sources of Portuguese sketches and paintings which are believed as trustworthy and valid sources. This paper aims to unravel the historical records of the Portuguese in order to locate and map the Melaka municipal plan before the collapse of the Melaka Malay empire into the hands of the Portuguese. Criteria of a Malay city (Husin Mutalib, 1993) and the Islamic Township in the context of the Malay Archipelago (Tajuddin Rasdi, 2003) are the municipal definitions used in internal argument when extracting and interpreting historical records into the map of the Melaka Malay municipal plan. All significant historical records will be discussed to map Melaka’s city plan in terms of environmental, physical, socio-cultural and other related aspects. The implications of this study can be a catalyst for continuous and deeper research to know about Melaka City’s physical background and skyline during the era of the Malay Sultanate. Conclusively, the Melaka Malay City before the Portuguese’s conquest was likely to be a physical civilization and should be examined and explicitly evidenced in rebuilding the Melaka Malay civilization that had long been established.
Methodology
The method focused in this paper is through debates on sketches and drawings obtained. Then contrasted and combined with historical records relating to Melaka City or events related to the sketches and paintings. In the process of reviewing and interpreting the paperwork, various aspects and methods are used to find the most suitable matches and comparisons that accurately or almost accurately reflect the Melaka municipality. Portuguese portraits and paintings obtained from diverse sources are analyzed according to historical and architectural methods. Later, historical records of Melaka and the townships from Malay and archipelago sources, Portuguese and Dutch were the backbone of Melaka municipalities. As a reinforcement, this municipal study was revamped back to the past maps and the latest satellite maps to illustrate Melaka's area and the past with the current Melaka map (Izani, M., Bridges, A., & Razak, A., 2009).
Results
The evidence and illustration of the Melaka City (Kota Melaka) presented in this paper corresponds to the main features of a Malay and Islamic township’s concept (Tajuddin Rasdi, 2003). First, the Melaka City has walls and gates entering the city area as a defense fortress. Secondly, the location of the city center of Melaka, the administrative office, palace and mosque are in a complex and become the center of the whole city and the township. Third, the market and business area are located along the main road, on the bridge, beach and roads. Fourth, there is a separation between public areas and private areas (settlement/houses). The study also shows that the urban plan of Melaka city is not a planned city plan since the reign of the first Sultan of Melaka, but is a city that grows organically according to the current and growing needs of the Malay Empire Melaka (Yusoff Hashim, 2012). It starts at the beach and Bukit Melaka, then expanded to Kampung Upeh Village, Kampung Leleh Village, Sabak, Bertam and then extending to the foot of Mount Ledang. The development and layout features of this Melaka City are in line with its function as an entrepot city which have various facilities for administrative, commercial and economic activities, daily activities and settlement of diverse groups (Pintado. M. J. (2012).
Findings
The Melaka city's gross urban planning during Melaka Malay Sultanate era is too complicated to be presented in detail. Although only based on historical records, the municipal gross plan is seen to match and resemble the picture of paintings and sketches described in most historical records. The development, distribution of population based on historical records, and the number of activities carried out during the reign of the Melaka Malay Sultanate could be the basis of the argument to the depiction of the Melaka city (Kota Melaka) municipal plan. Indeed, further studies with scientific methods should be done in order to get more accurate details.
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Widiastuti, Nela. "TOURISM COMMUNICATION IN INDONESIA SOCIAL MEDIA." SENGKUNI Journal (Social Science and Humanities Studies) 1, no. 1 (April 17, 2020): 30–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.37638/sengkuni.1.1.30-36.
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Melaka is known to have historical values, even the beginning of the birth of Malaysia began in this country. Melaka is also known as the main maritime trade center in this region precisely in the 16th century. Traders from various countries such as Arab, China, India and Europe also came to Malacca to trade silk, spices, gold and porcelain. Therefore on July 7, 2008 UNECSO recognized Melaka as a World Heritage City State together with Georgetown, the State of Penang. Now, Melaka is here to offer a variety of tourism products based on 13 Tourism Product Sub-Sectors, including History, Culture, Recreation, Sports, Shopping, Conventions, Health, Education, Agro Tourism, Culinary, Melaka My Second House, Youth Tourism and Ecotourism. With the theme "Touring Historical Melaka Means Visiting Malaysia" and "Melaka Bandaraya Melaka UNESCO World Heritage" Melaka offers a variety of cultural uniqueness such as Malay, Chinese, Indian, Portuguese, Peranakan, Chitti and others. To further enhance the Melaka tourism industry, the Melaka State Government took the initiative to launch Visit Melaka Year 2019 (VMY 2019) which aims to showcase the culture and uniqueness of Melaka through "Melaka A Gateway to Historic Malaysia". This research explores forms of tourism communication in the 2019 Melaka Visit Program launched by the government, Malaysia, with a case study on tourists. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study method. Research data collection using interview methods, involved observation and literature study. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the Melaka tourism communication strategy launched by the government, through a number of communication channels, one of them through social media. The results showed that social media has a significant role in creating emotional experiences about the tourist attractions they visit..
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Mokhtar, Noor aisyah, and Kamarul afizi Kosman. "EXISTENCE OF MELAKA MALAY (FORT) CITY BASED ON A’FAMOSA." Asia Proceedings of Social Sciences 4, no. 2 (April 22, 2019): 63–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.31580/apss.v4i2.732.
Full textAbstract:
Research Highlights
Despite of many historical records from Portuguese about the physical of Melaka Malay City, its existence is still doubtful since there is no clear physical evidence that can be used as basis support to its existence. However, to prove that the city was existed, various physical and scientific evidence are required to prove its existence. Thus, this study aims to identify historical evidence that mentioned its existence which based on the first painting of A’Famosa (Malacca Fort City during Portuguese era). The study proposed three hypothesis and results indicated there is a postivie outcome to prove that the Melaka Malay City existed on and around Bukit Melaka (or St Paul Hill now) based on historical records and sketches found.
Research Objectives
This paper attempts to uncover and reveal the historical evidence of Melaka Malay (Fort) City before the city was destroyed and rebuilt according to Portuguese terms. This paper was created to identify the differences between designs and layout plans between the Malacca Malay (Fort) City and the world-renowned Fort A’Famosa, thus comparing the hypothesis arguments about the existence of Melaka City. Indeed, there is a clear distinction between the design, layout, character and philosophy of the Malay and Portuguese cities. The scope focuses only on the site of the physical building (which is believed to be historical evidence) of the city at the Melaka River’s estuary where important and significant buildings during Melaka Malay empire was constructed – the palace, mosque, administration buildings, harbors, and different kind of settlements. There is a great probability of continuing this study into the use of satellite technology in determining and identifying the Melaka Malay City with more precise and accurate details. The implication of this study can be a catalyst for continuous and deeper research on the original site of the Melaka Malay City as to prove the validity of its existences.
Methodology
In an effort to discuss the existence of this Melaka Malay City, various aspects and methods were conducted to find the most suitable matches and comparisons that almost accurately describe their design then prove its existence. The remains and plans of Melaka City today since the British era will be the basis of its existence. Hence, the study of historical records and sketches of the Melaka City from the Dutch government and subsequently the Portuguese will be made to seek physical evidence of the earliest design of Melaka City. Later, the historical records of the city from Malay Archipelago, Chinese, Portuguese and Dutch sources will be depicted in city design. As a reinforcement, the philosophy of urban design in the Malay World is highlighted as well as presenting the comparison between the other Malay Kingdoms and the Melaka Malay City.
Results
The foundations of the Malay cities basically were designed in square or rectangular shape, no matter how far the city was set up (Abdul Halim Nasir, 1990). This is in line with the philosophy in the Malay world that associated with a simple yet sufficient form of compassion that covers the various aspects of the Malay community's facilities and their living that are synonymous with modular systems (Yusoff Hashim, 2010). The first Fort A'Famosa built by the Portuguese was rectangular (G.W.Irwin, 2006). Its position was below the foot of Bukit Melaka and along the estuary of the Melaka River which is also near the bridge stretching the mouth of the Melaka River (Portuguese Documents of Malacca, 11: 6 de Goes, para 11). The city of A'Famosa in the painting has a relatively six-tower on the corner of the city near the bridge. Whereas city fort or bastion on three other city corners are two-storey building. A’Famosa was built on the site of the Great Mosque of Melaka (Portuguese Documents of Malacca, 11: 6 de Goes, the 25th) which features a rectangular shape as the custom of mosques designs in the Malay Archipelago realm at that time, then the A'Famosa was originally built in rectangular over the ruins (or damage) of the Great Mosque Malacca after the success of Portuguese colonization.
Findings
The research showed that the design of Melaka City or A'Famosa City was in square or rectangular shape as it was built on the ruins of the Great Mosque of Melaka. The rectangular fort design was synonym with the design of other Malay forts or cities as it was a fundamental design tradition in the Malay world from fourth century until the later centuries after the collapse of Melaka empire either in Malay clusters. This coincides with the urban philosophy and design of the Malay and Islamic city that breed in the Malay Archipelago region at that time.
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Haimi Mohd Adnan, Airil, and Indrani Arunasalam Sathasivam Pillay. "The Malay Language ‘Pantun’ of Melaka Chetti Indians in Malaysia: Malay Worldview, Lived Experiences and Hybrid Identity." International Journal of Comparative Literature and Translation Studies 8, no. 2 (April 30, 2020): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijclts.v.8n.2p.15.
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The Melaka Chetti Indians are a small community of ‘peranakan’ (Malay meaning ‘locally born’) people in Malaysia. The Melaka Chettis are descendants of traders from the Indian subcontinent who married local women, mostly during the time of the Melaka Malay Empire from the 1400s to 1500s. The Melaka Chettis adopted the local lingua franca ‘bahasa Melayu’ or Malay as their first language together with the ‘adat’ (Malay meaning ‘customs’) of the Malay people, their traditional mannerisms and also their literary prowess. Not only did the Melaka Chettis successfully adopted the literary traditions of the Malay people, they also adapted these arts forms to become part of their own unique hybrid identities based on their worldviews and lived experiences within the Malay Peninsula or more famously known as the Golden Chersonese / Khersonese. Based on our one year plus fieldwork in ‘Kampung Chetti’ or Chetti Village in the state of Melaka, Malaysia where we carried out extensive oral history interviews and several focus group discussion sessions, in this empirical paper we share and critically analyse some traditional Malay pantuns that we collected from this community, and present them as notable contributions to the Malay literary canon.
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MUHAMMAD SAERI, DR MUHAMMAD SAERI, M. HUM. "CHALLENGE IN SECURITY ARRANGEMENT OF MELAKA STRAITS." Indonesian Journal of International Relations 3, no. 2 (March 16, 2020): 17–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.32787/ijir.v3i2.85.
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ABSTRACT
Melaka Strait is a border area of some South East Asia countries, especially three countires which get in touch directly with this area that are Indonesia, Malaysia, and Singapore. Melaka Strait as a suit region for the three countries has strategik position in many aspects, especially ideology, security, and economiy. According to idiological aspect Melaka Strait is a part of teritory of the three countries which dealing with their sovereignty. Based on this principal, Indonesia and Malaysia considered that Malaka Strait is integrate to the sovereignty of these coutries, so that security arrangement of the strait should submit to the regulation authority of the both coutries. In difference side, Singapore considers that security management of Melaka Strait is not dealing with states sovereignty, and put Malaka Straits into international security management will never disturb the sovereignty of the coutries surrounding the strait. Singapore believe that international cooperation of Malaka Strait management with others maritime power is needed. Considered to security aspect, Melaka Straits is one of regions with high risk and high cases robbery in the world. Until this time Indonesia , Malaysia, and Singapore are not able perfectly yet to stop the robbery strike problems in Melaka Straits. The development of political scurity today also put Melaka Straits into open position to get negative impact of South Cina Sea konflict dealing with Spratly Islands between Cina and several ASEAN countries. Malaka Straits also came open to be a target of terrorisme attact, althou real indication to this case is not found yet. Melaka Straits considered to economy aspect, is a crowded shipping line area which passed through by international voyages. As an international trading line this straits conduct significant role as a supporting factor of world economy development. The strategik position of Malaka straits give a very big impact to economy development of countries surrounding this area. According to this important role, so that security of Melaka Straits should to become reality, and this matter is challenge to Indonesia, Malaysia, and Singapore.
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Hasan, Zunaidah Ab, Azhana Othman, Khalilah Ibrahim, Mohd Ab Malek Md Shah, and Abd Halim Mohd Noor. "Management of Waqf Assets in Malaysia." International Journal of Nusantara Islam 1, no. 2 (December 15, 2015): 59–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.15575/ijni.v3i1.412.
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Waqf is one of the main mechanism in providing support for the development to all levels of the ummah more so for the underprivileged. Waqf institutions in Malaysia are under the jurisdiction of the 14 states rather than the Federal government. This paper reviews the development of waqf in Melaka, one of the states in Malaysia. It discusses a brief historical background, function and legal aspects of waqf matters. A brief information on the structure and administration of waqf in Melaka, Baitulmal is responsible for the sake of administering and managing such waqf assets in Melaka is also presented. This study is also concerned with examining of the current situation of development waqf asset; which is known as waqf saham in Melaka through the record by Majlis Agama Islam Melaka (MAIM). Yet, it is undeniably true that some challenges and impediments pertaining to the issues of developing waqf assets; inter alia, lack of fund and expertise, poor documentation and the record value of waqf property and others.
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Lawless, Julie Williams. "Melaka as a Cultural Landscape." Journal of Space and Communication 1, no. 1 (December 30, 2015): 37–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.15340/2148172511920.
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Wulandari, Prisca Kiki. "Strategi Raya Sriwijaya dan Melaka." Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Pancasila dan Kewarganegaraan 5, no. 1 (June 30, 2020): 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.17977/um019v5i1p159-166.
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This study attempted to explore the political strategy of two Malay kingdoms, Srivijaya and Malacca, which was seen from the theory of grand strategy. The library research was used to address the main question of grand strategy from two kingdoms. Malacca seemed to continue how did Srivijaya manage the geopolitical balance in the Straits of Malacca. If Srivijaya sent their embassies to the major kingdoms in Asia, Malacca did the same. Malacca also negotiated the friendly relations to the Pasai and Ming Dynasty of Cina. Social life either during Srivijayan or Malaccan times depended on maritime activities. Both kingdoms initiated an alliance with the seafaring communities, seamen, and pirates, to decrease the trading risk and attracted the merchants to populate both port-cities. These historical patterns are not merely a public memory but an invaluable lesson for national defense for this country.
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Williams, Tim. "Melaka and World Heritage Status." Conservation and Management of Archaeological Sites 12, no. 3 (August 2010): 197–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/175355210x12838583775301.
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Abdullah, Jamalunlaili, Intan Zahida Ahmad Mustaza, and Che Bon Ahmad. "Public Acceptance and Participation in Melaka Green Technology City State in Melaka Tengah District." Environment-Behaviour Proceedings Journal 3, no. 9 (November 22, 2018): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/e-bpj.v3i9.1548.
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Initiatives of sustainable development require acceptance and participation of the people. This is crucial for Melaka state in Malaysia which wants to be a Green Technology City State by 2020 by embarking on various green initiatives. This paper evaluates the people’s acceptance and participation of these programs. Observations, responses from 152 samples in Melaka Tengah, and in depth interview of officers were analysed. The study suggests that respondents are aware of the green city’s vision, mostly from social media. The popular initiatives are Melaka Without Plastic Bag and Polystyrene, Green Transportation and 2+1 Recycling Program. However, the level of people’s involvement in the green initiative introduced is relatively low.Keywords: Green Technology Sustainable City (GTSC); sustainable development; public’s acceptance and participation; Melaka eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2018. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.https://doi.org/10.21834/e-bpj.v3i9.1548
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Bahauddin, Azizi, and Hakimi Ahmad. "Sufistic influence on the architectural typology of the melaka tengkera mosque of melaka, Malaysia." International Journal of Heritage Architecture: Studies, Repairs and Maintenance 2, no. 4 (June 25, 2019): 509–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/ha-v2-n4-509-524.
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Yakin, Ayang Utriza. "Hukum Pernikahan di Kesultanan Melaka Abad ke-15 dan ke-16 M." Ulumuna 19, no. 1 (June 29, 2015): 1–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.20414/ujis.v19i1.1248.
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This article examines legal aspects of Marriage law in the Sultanate of Malaka in the 15th and 16th centuries. It focuses on some legal aspects of Undang-undang Melaka (a text of laws of Melaka) represented by Liaw Yock Fang, regarding the issues of marriage such as wali (marriage guardian), ijāb-qabūl (consent of both parties), witness(es), t\alāq (repudiation), faskh (broken marriage contract), interfaith marriage and marrying slave. This study aims to know the source of the marriage laws of Undang-Undang Melaka (UUM). It shows that UUM was a collection of common law in Melaka and consisted of Islamic law. One aspect of Islamic laws was marriage law. In UUM, the legal aspect was based on fiqh of several schools (madhhab), particularly the al-Shāfi‘ī school derived from al-Iqnā’ written by al-Sharbini. This finding also refuses the previous research finding stating that it was derived from al-Taqrīb by Abū Shujā‘.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20414/ujis.v19i1.1248
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Hall, Kenneth. "Trade and Society in the Straits of Melaka: Dutch Melaka and English Penang, 1780-1830." Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient 51, no. 3 (2008): 530–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156852008x317851.
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Ahmad, Nor Hafiza, Norliah Kudus, and Sharifah Sakinah Syed Ahmad. "Level of Learning Organization Practices in Two Primary Schools in the Central Melaka District, Melaka." Social and Management Research Journal 18, no. 1 (March 15, 2021): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/smrj.v18i1.11823.
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This preliminary study was conducted to see the level of learning organization (LO) practice in two primary schools in the district of Melaka Tengah, Melaka. Both schools were selected based on Ujian Pencapaian Sekolah Rendah (UPSR) 2019 School Average Grade (GPS). The questionnaire instrument used in this study was modified from the Learning Organization Practices Profile (LOPP) instrument developed by O'Brien, 1994 and conducted on 60 respondents from two different schools. The overall questionnaire reliability analysis gave a Cronbach’s alpha scale of 0.78. Study data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) For Windows 25 program with descriptive analysis. The findings of this study show that the most dominant LO practice is the system and structure aspects of work, followed by staff development and performance and the lowest is the leadership aspect. The results of the overall study show that the level of LO practice in the schools studied is still at a weak level.
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Zainun, Noor Yasmin, Nadzirah Roslan, and Aftab Hameed Memon. "Assessing Low-Cost Housing Demand in Melaka: PLS-SEM Approach." Advanced Materials Research 838-841 (November 2013): 3156–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.838-841.3156.
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Housing is one of the basic needs of human. Population in Malaysia is increasing and expected to reach up to 35 million in year 2020. This phenomenon creates high demand for housing. To tackle the squatter problems, the government introduces low-cost housing. Low cost house is known as the government house, where the price is cheaper but still comfortable. Although there are many of low-cost housing projects have been completed to cope with the need of the citizen especially for low-income group. However, census report reveled that these is huge demand of low-cost housing. This demand might be because of various factors which are very essential to identify in order to meet the required demand of low cost houses. Hence, this study is carried out to assesse the demand of low cost housing in Melaka, determine the significant factors affecting demand of low-cost housing, and establish PLS-SEM model for assessing factors affecting low-cost housing demand. In this study, data are collected by distributing questionnaire in Melaka state. The collected data from survey was analyzed using statistical software SPSS and presented in graphs and chart. Further, factors affecting low cost housing demand in Melaka were modeled with the SmartPLS v2.0. The model shows the relationship between low cost housing demand and its indicators. The finding of the study showed that most significant indicators affecting the demand of low-cost housing in Melaka are the economic factors which include housing stock, inflation rate and Gross Domestic Products (GDP). The Goodness of Fit showed that the model has substantial explaining power for the assessing factors affecting low cost housing demand in Melaka which the values is 0.481. This means that the economic factor has a great influence on the low-cost housing demand in Melaka.
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Harun, Jelani. "Collection of Manuscripts From Malacca Kept in London with Special Emphasis on Adat Raja-Raja Melayu." Malay Literature 31, no. 1 (June 1, 2018): 29–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.37052/ml.31(1)no2.
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The real situation of the manuscripts originating from the state of Malacca is still a big question. There is no arrangement in a proper listing and is still vaguely understood by society at large. The manuscripts of major works revolving around the history of the Malacca Sultanate are mostly found in other countries, in particular London and Leiden. The splendour of the Malay Sultanate in Malacca during the 15th century seems to have left little impact on the history of Malay manuscript writing. This state of affairs leaves a gap in the history of Malay literature in Malacca as this should have been the earliest location of the Malay manuscript writing tradition. This article will discuss again this issue by conducting an initial study of the collection of manuscripts from Malacca kept in London with special emphasis on the manuscript Adat Raja-raja Melayu . Keywords: Adat Raja-raja Melayu , Malay manuscript, Malacca Sultanate, London, Leiden Abstrak Kedudukan sebenar manuskrip yang berasal usul dari negeri Melaka masih lagi menjadi tanda tanya. Manuskrip tersebut masih belum tersusun dalam sebuah senarai yang sepatutnya, dan masih kabur dalam pengetahuan masyarakat. Manuskrip bagi karya- karya besar yang berhubungan dengan sejarah Kesultanan Melaka kebanyakannya ditemui di negeri-negeri yang lain, terutamanya di London dan Leiden. Kegemilangan Kesultanan Melayu Melaka pada abad ke-15 yang lalu seolah-olah tidak meninggalkan impak yang besar kepada sejarah penulisan manuskrip Melayu. Keadaan ini menimbulkan kelompangan dalam sejarah persuratan Melaka yang sepatutnya menjadi lokasi terawal pembentukan tradisi penulisan manuskrip Melayu. Makalah akan membicarakan semula persoalan ini dengan membuat penelitian awal terhadap koleksi manuskrip Melaka yang kini tersimpan di London dengan memberikan tumpuan khusus terhadap manuskrip Adat Raja-raja Melayu. Kata kunci: Adat Raja-raja Melayu, manuskrip Melayu, Kesultanan Melaka, London, Leiden
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Zakaria, Zurul Iman, and zaini Nasohah. "CABARAN PELAKSANAAN PENGUATKUASAAN UNDANG-UNDANG JENAYAH SYARIAH DI NEGERI MELAKA." Malaysian Journal of Syariah and Law 7, no. 2 (2019): 13–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.33102/mjsl.v7i2.188.
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Pelaksanaan penguatkuasaan undang-undang jenayah syariah di Malaysia sering menimbulkan komen negatif dan polemik di kalangan masyarakat Islam. Masyarakat sering mempersoalkan sejauh manakah tahap penguatkuasaan undang-undang jenayah syariah dijalankan dalam membendung aktiviti-aktiviti yang bertentangan dengan Hukum Syarak. Artikel ini bertujuan mengkaji sejauh manakah pelaksanaan undang-undang jenayah syariah dilaksanakan khususnya di Negeri Melaka sepertimana yang diperuntukkan dalam Enakmen Kesalahan Syariah (Negeri Melaka) 1991. Kajian ini merupakan kajian kualitatif menggunakan pendekatan analisis dokumen dalam pengumpulan data. Hasil kajian ini mendapati tindakan penguatkuasaan tidak dilaksanakan secara menyeluruh. Hanya terdapat 27 jenis kesalahan yang ditangani oleh Bahagian Penguatkuasaan Jabatan Agama Islam Melaka (JAIM) dengan memberi penumpuan utama kepada kategori kesalahan berhubung dengan seksual. Terdapat 8 jenis kesalahan jenayah syariah yang lazim berlaku di Negeri Melaka iaitu kesalahan bersekediaman, perbuatan tak sopan, hamil luar nikah ,berjudi ,subahat persetubuhan haram, menjual makanan dan makan dalam bulan Ramadan, pungutan tak sah dan minum minuman memabukkan. Oleh itu, kajian lanjut perlu dilakukan dalam membantu Bahagian Penguatkuasaan mengenal pasti kelemahan-kelemahan dalam penguatkuasaan dan seterusnya memperbaiki serta mengatasi kelemahan-kelemahan tersebut dalam mempertingkatkan penguatkuasaan undang-undang jenayah syariah.
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Wain, Alexander. ""A Thousand Sages Have but One Mind": The Forging of a Joint Chinese-Muslim identity." ICR Journal 7, no. 4 (October 15, 2016): 545–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.52282/icr.v7i4.235.
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Malaysian Prime Minister Dato’ Sri Najib Tun Abdul Razak’s recent six-day trip to China revives a long tradition of Malay-Chinese co-operation stretching all the way back to the Melaka Sultanate. During the early fifteenth century, three of Melaka’s Sultans travelled to China in person, where they vied with other nations to forge a special relationship with the Middle Kingdom. As a result, Melaka became China’s closest ally, ultimately acting as a base for all Chinese activity in the Nusantara. It was largely because of this close co-operation and the immense wealth that it generated, that Melaka subsequently became the Nusantara’s first great Islamic power, able to disseminate Islam throughout the region.
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Abdul Rashid Shoib, Djamal Hissein Didane, Akmal Nizam Mohammed, Kamil Abdullah, and Mas Fawzi Mohd Ali. "Technical Assessment of Wind Energy Potentiality in Malaysia Using Weibull Distribution Function." Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences 86, no. 1 (August 12, 2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.86.1.113.
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In this paper, an assessment of the wind characteristics and wind power potentials in three different stations (Chuping, Kuantan and Melaka) in Malaysia has been analyzed at 80 m height. The assessment technique was based on the two-parameter Weibull distribution function over three recent consecutive years (2018-2020) while aiming to establish the potentiality of the wind as a source of power generation in these sites. The results demonstrate that the monthly highest mean wind speeds were 4.42 m/s, 2.96 m/s and 2.17 m/s at Melaka, Kuantan and Chuping, respectively. The highest most probable wind speed was 4.70 m/s and the wind speed carrying maximum energy was 1.74 m/ both speeds occurred at Maleka in 2019. The yearly highest Weibull shape parameter was 1.69 and the scale parameter was 2.96 m/s. Among the three stations, Melaka has shown the highest wind power potentials with an average value of 26.10 W/m2 followed by Kuantan with 12.71 W/m2 and Chuping with 6.80 W/m2 wind power density. The corresponding wind energy densities were 595.58 kWh/m2/year, 111.37 kWh/m2/year and 228.65 kWh/m2/year for Chuping, Kuantan and Melaka station, respectively. The prevailing wind directions are northeast at both Kuantan and Melaka station, west and southwest direction at Chuping station. It is therefore concluded that the potentiality of the wind power of the sites covered in the present study is only feasible for small-scale power generations.
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Hussin, Nordin. "MASYARAKAT MELAYU MELAKA SEMASA PERMERINTAHAN BELANDA." SEJARAH 13, no. 13 (December 19, 2005): 75–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.22452/sejarah.vol13no13.4.
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Cartier, Carolyn L. "Creating Historic Open Space in Melaka." Geographical Review 83, no. 4 (October 1993): 359. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/215820.
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Mohd Baroldin, Noorfadhilah, and Shamzani Affendy Mohd Din. "Conservation Planning Guidelines and Design of Melaka Heritage Shophouses." Asian Journal of Environment-Behaviour Studies 3, no. 8 (May 22, 2018): 61–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/aje-bs.v3i8.279.
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Melaka shophouses are now threatened by urban development which involves the conversion of the image and the changing of the urban fabric. The aim of this study was to clarify conservation issues in Melaka and to review building design and its influence which involves the aspect of site and facade typology. However, the focus should not only on the building facade but should also take into consideration the environmental factors that lead to building defect. 7his problem identißed could be overcome by comprehensive conservation planning and design study guidelines in order to (come up with) detailed articulations for conservation guidelines of Melaka Shophouse.
Keywords: Historical Building; Melaka Shophouse; Building Typology; Building Documentation; Conservation Guidelines; Planning and Design
eISSN 2514-751X © 2018. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
https://doi.org/10.21834/aje-bs.v3i8.279
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binti Mohamad Gazali, Farah Wahidah, Madya Dr Arba’iyah binti Ab. Aziz, and Dr Norwani binti Md. Nawawi. "Woodcarving Motifs at Melaka Traditional Houses: Kampung Morten." Journal of Social Sciences Research, SPI 1 (November 15, 2018): 321–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.32861/jssr.spi1.321.330.
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Woodcarving is an important component for the traditional Malay houses. Malay traditional houses becomes a symbol of ancient craftmanship skills which having beautiful architecture and richness of ornamentation. This paper intends to focus on detail about woodcarving motifs at Melaka traditional houses of Kampung Morten. The houses have been selecting are Rumah Villa Sentosa Ibrahim, Rumah Maniam Othman, Rumah Joret Ali and Rumah Hajah Kamarbee. In 1988, the Melaka state government has gazette Kampung Morten as a traditional Malay village of heritage significance and turned it into a tourist attraction. This research will be using qualitative method as a way to understand motif of woodcarving at Melaka traditional houses. Data collection of motifs will be depending at field studies at houses through photography and sketches on site. This research also will use theory Zakaria Ali to interpret and analyzing woodcarvings motifs. In design perspective, the findings would serve in understanding the visual attributes of woodcarving such as motifs and design forms. The paper would fill in the gap of new knowledge regarding the motif woodcarving at Melaka traditional houses. The documentation of knowledge about woodcarving motifs should be made and exposed to younger generations as well as a valuable collection of traditional Malay heritage.
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Hall, Kenneth R. "Maritime Trade and Societal Transitions in the Western Indonesian Archipelago: Samudra-Pasai at the Dawn of the European Age (c. 1200-1500)." Asian Review of World Histories 5, no. 1 (June 29, 2017): 31–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.12773/arwh.2017.5.1.031.
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This study is the substantial update to a journal article published in 1981, focal on the first northeast Sumatra fourteenth- and fifteenthcentury Islamic Sultanate Samudra-Pasai port-of-trade. In doing so the study represents the significant transitions in Indian Ocean history that were substantially influenced by Michael Pearson’s scholarship. Samudra-Pasai was a notable eastern Indian Ocean fourteenth- and fifteenth-century Straits of Melaka international maritime stopover that competed against the west-central Malay Peninsula-based Melaka emporium for regional commercial prominence prior to Portuguese seizure of Melaka in 1511. Past histories are based on the several surviving contemporary maritime sojourner accounts, Chinese dynastic records, and the local sixteenth-century Hikayat Raja-Raja Pasai dynastic chronicle. Recent anthropological surveys of the Sumatra upstream pair with new archaeological recoveries, which include dated Arabic script inscribed dynastic tombstones, to mandate a re-evaluation of upstream downstream networking that was the basis of Samudra- Pasai’s over two-century sovereignty. This study moves beyond initially innovative 1970s conceptions of early Straits of Melaka upstreamdownstream networking in its incorporation of Michael Pearson’s adaptive characterizations of Indian Ocean port-of-trade coastline littorals, and introduces the importance of newly focal offshore communities as these are now prominent in the most recent Indian Ocean scholarship.
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Moorthy, Ravichandran. "Hybridity and Ethnic Invisibility of the “Chitty” Heritage Community of Melaka." Heritage 4, no. 2 (March 25, 2021): 554–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/heritage4020033.
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Migration has produced many ethnic minority communities worldwide owing to sea-borne trade, religious evangelicalism, and colonialism. For centuries, these communities have existed alongside other cultures, creating multiethnic societies. However, changes in political, economic, and sociocultural conditions have caused these communities, typically with varying degrees of social alignment and sociocultural adaptation, to re-strategize their inter-ethnic interactions. One such minority community is the “Chitty” of Melaka, a distinct Tamil community that migrated to Melaka, a coastal port city that has flourished in trade and commerce since the late 14th century. This paper investigates the historiography, its hybridity and adaptation, and the concerns of ethnic invisibility faced by this community throughout its 700-year history. Through historical analysis and ethnographic observations, the study finds that the Chitty community has contributed significantly to the sociocultural, economic, and political fabrics of Melaka in different periods of history. Secondly, the Chitty’s hybridity nature enabled them greater dexterity to socioculturally adapt to the changing surroundings and dynamics in Melaka for the last seven centuries. Thirdly, the study finds that due to their marginality in numbers and the mass arrival of new Indian migrants, the ethnic visibility of the Chitty has diminished in the new Malaysian demographic.
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van der Kraan, Alfons. "Book Review: Trade and Society in the Straits of Melaka: Dutch Melaka and English Penang, 1780–1830." International Journal of Maritime History 20, no. 1 (June 2008): 365–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/084387140802000124.
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Chua, M., V. Silvathorai, M. Muniasamy, H. S. Mohd Hashim, C. Lim, N. I. Binti Junazli, S. L. Choo, and K. Y. Low. "Experience and Impact of a Locally-Based Peer, Volunteer Cancer Support Programme in Hospital Melaka, Melaka Malaysia." Journal of Global Oncology 4, Supplement 2 (October 1, 2018): 113s. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jgo.18.47300.
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Background: Melaka is a small southern state in Peninsular Malaysia. On average, the state has an annual incidence of 200 odd breast cancer patients, largely treated out of its public, subsidized, single tertiary treatment center of Hospital Melaka. Hospital Melaka is an 800-bedded hospital with multiple specialties including surgery and radiology. Though the hospital does not have a dedicated oncology department, cancer treatment is carried out via phone consultations and visiting oncologists as well as a team of on-site nursing staff who are trained to initiate and monitor treatment. Feedback from Hospital Melaka staff highlighted that there was a drop-out rate of about 30% of patients from the treatment journey. Qualitative interviews with different stakeholders including patient revealed that the drop-out may be driven by factors such as: i) fear of surgery, ii) fear of chemotherapy, iii) fear of disfigurement, iv) loss of spouse v) emotional distress and shock; and vi) delay in waiting times for different levels of diagnostics and treatment. Aim: The aim of the initiative was to reduce the rate of patients who defaulted out from the cancer treatment journey via a three-pronged approach: a) improving understanding about cancer and treatment by patients and family members; b) integrating peer-support into the clinical treatment pathway at the hospital and reduction of waiting times; and c) maintaining a continuous interaction with the patient throughout the treatment journey. Methods: The inception and deployment of a locally-based peer, volunteer support program for breast cancer patients and families as part of the formal cancer treatment process in Hospital Melaka. Volunteers were consisted of a trained mix of cancer survivors, current and retired healthcare practitioners and provided information pertaining to treatment and care aspects of breast cancer as well as emotional support and follow-up of patients via phone or in person to ensure compliance to treatment. In this study, we engaged with various stakeholders including hospital management and clinicians. Then, support group's services were formalized into the care pathway for all patients with breast cancer; with both volunteers able to send and receive patient referrals. Results: Statistically significant reductions in patient delays in decision-making to seek treatment as well as a significant decrease of 12.5% in the number of defaulters. Conclusion: A support program built with support from all stakeholders and run by volunteers and embedded within the formal care process acts as a catalyst to enhance both service delivery as well as keeping patients engaged on the cancer care journey.
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Singh, Meljev. "HEALING THE SICK IN PORTUGUESE MELAKA FROM 1511-164." Asia Proceedings of Social Sciences 6, no. 1 (April 7, 2020): 41–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.31580/apss.v6i1.1231.
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This paper will review and discuss the presence of healthcare facilities in Melaka while it was under Portuguese rule from 1511 to-1641. The presence of healthcare facilities, while recorded, has not been studied in detail. While most of Portuguese Melaka was destroyed by the Dutch bombardment of 1641, some of the healthcare facilities that existed in the city were recorded even though they were eventually destroyed by the Dutch as they took over the city. This paper will record some of these institutions and detail the type of healthcare provided. Here, Portuguese records will be reviewed and evidence of hospitals will be elaborated upon. This paper will rely solely on historical writings by modern scholars and where possible, ancient Portuguese records. This paper aims to enable us to better understand the role of hospitals in the city of Melaka and why the Portuguese emphasized building them from an early period.
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OTHMAN, B. H. R., and H. MORINO. "Listriella longipalma sp. nov., a new amphipod species (Crustacea: Liljeborgiidae) from the Straits of Melaka, Malaysia." Zootaxa 1305, no. 1 (August 31, 2006): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1305.1.2.
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In a continuing study of the amphipods of Malaysia (Othman & Morino, 1996) a new species of amphipod Crustacea (Gammaridea, Liljeborgiidae) of the genus Listriella Stebbing, 1899, is described. The species was collected from the shores of Sg. Udang, Melaka from the Straits of Melaka at a depth range of 3 to 15 m. The substratum was of a muddy-sand type. The main differences between L. longipalma new species and all other species of the genus recorded are given.
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Harun, Jelani. "Sulalatus Salatin and Tun Perak's Charisma in the Practice of the Laws of Nusantara Multiethnic Society." Malay Literature 29, no. 1 (June 1, 2016): 42–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.37052/ml.29(1)no3.
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In the 15th century, Malacca emerged as a city that became the focus of traders and travellers from all corners of the Nusantara. At that time, the states under the protection of Malacca and anyone who came to Malacca were subject to the laws of the Malacca Sultanate. This has been referred to many times by the author of Sulalatus Salatin , in the narration of events involving Malacca’s relations with other states in the Nusantara world, and at the same time highlighting the practice of laws which took place in the multiethnic society residing in Malacca. Harshness is the general characteristic in the implementation of laws and this view is supported by works on Malay governance such as Taj -Salatin , Bustan al- Salatin and Thamarat -Muhimmah . However, harshness not accompanied by fairness and wisdom can lead to cruelty. This issue became part of the focus of Sulalatus Salatin ’s author’s thinking while describing several myths, conflicts and philosophies of justice of the Malay rulers in Singapore and Malacca which is closely linked to attitude, leadership and knowledge of the rulers and leaders. This article will reevaluate the issue by drawing attention to the charisma of Tun Perak in the implementation of laws of the Malay sultanate, either towards the multiethnic society in the Nusantara or in the context of those residing in Malacca, in which the issues of harshness of laws are entangled, counterbalanced and intertwined with many incidents of slander, sedition and corruption that could destroy the history of Malay culture. Keywords: Tun Perak, laws, governance, historiography, philosophy, slander, corruption Abstrak Pada abad ke-15 yang lalu, Melaka muncul sebagai sebuah negara kota tumpuan kedatangan para pedagang dan penghijrah dari seluruh pelosok rantau alam Nusantara. Ketika itu, semua negeri yang berada di bawah naungan Melaka dan sesiapa sahaja yang datang ke Melaka akan tertakluk di bawah perintah undang-undang adat Kesultanan Melaka. Hal ini banyak disuratkan oleh pengarang Sulalatus Salatin melalui peristiwa perhubungan Melaka dengan kerajaan-kerajaan yang berada di alam Nusantara, di samping memusatkan perhatian kepada amalan undang-undang yang berlaku dalam kalangan masyarakat pelbagai etnik yang tinggal di Melaka. Kekerasan menjadi satu ciri umum pelaksanaan undang-undang yang turut mendapat dukungan dalam karya-karya ketatanegaraan Melayu seperti Taj al-Salatin , Bustan al-Salatin dan Thamarat al-Muhimmah . Walau bagaimanapun, kekerasan tanpa diikuti dengan keadilan dan kebijaksanaan akan menjurus kepada perbuatan kezaliman. Persoalan ini menjadi sebahagian daripada pusat pemikiran pengarang Sulalatus Salatin ketika memerikan beberapa mitos, konflik dan falsafah keadilan istana raja-raja Melayu di Singapura dan Melaka yang bertaut rapat dengan sikap, kepimpinan dan keilmuan raja- raja dan para pembesarnya. Makalah akan menilai semula persoalan ini dengan memusatkan perbincangan kepada karisma Tun Perak dalam amalan undang-undang kesultanan Melayu, sama ada terhadap masyarakat pelbagai etnik Nusantara ataupun dalam konteks masyarakat yang tinggal di Melaka, dan dalam isu-isu tentang kekerasan undang-undang yang bercampur-baur, bertimbang-tara dan berselirat dengan pelbagai peristiwa fitnah, hasutan dan rasuah yang boleh meruntuhkan sejarah peradaban Melayu. Kata kunci: Tun Perak, undang-undang, ketatanegaraan, historiografi, falsafah, fitnah, rasuah
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Metzger, Laurent. "Hari Sastera (Melaka, 26-28 mai 1995)." Archipel 52, no. 1 (1996): 3–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/arch.1996.3344.
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Sundara Raja, Sivachandralingam. "EKONOMI ORANG MELAYU DI MELAKA, 1786-1914." SEJARAH 13, no. 13 (December 19, 2005): 59–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.22452/sejarah.vol13no13.3.
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Said, Shahrul Yani, and Zalina Samadi. "Melaka Streetscape Evolution: The six years journey." Asian Journal of Quality of Life 3, no. 11 (May 21, 2018): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/ajqol.v3i11.125.
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The study looks at the six years changes made to the streetscape of Melaka to adapt to the requirement of a better quality of life for the occupants. The different approach to regeneration scheme of Melaka could provide insight into modern demands for the city. The idea of integrating all the streets within the historic core area to form a synchronised pedestrian route system is plausible as it will help the users to experience the historic area as a whole may portray the trend of local economic growth and provide opportunities for improvement of the area. Keywords: heritage; streetscape evolution; regeneration; MelakaeISSN 2398-4279 © 2018. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. https://doi.org/10.21834/ajqol.v3i11.125
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Md Khairi, N. D., H. N. Ismail, and S. M. R. S. Jaafar. "Embracing tourist behaviour in managing Melaka WHS." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 447 (March 4, 2020): 012035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/447/1/012035.
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Chenoweth, Gene M. "Melaka, "Piracy" and the Modern World System." Journal of Law and Religion 13, no. 1 (1996): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1051370.
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Worden, Nigel. "National identity and heritage tourism in Melaka." Indonesia and the Malay World 31, no. 89 (March 2003): 31–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13639810304447.
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Hua, Ang Kean, Paran Gani, Syazwani Yahya, Mohd Fadzil Ali Ahmad, Mad Helmi Ab.Majid, Khairunnisa Mokhtar, Junaidah Yusof, Nurlisa Sarah Mohammad Azmi, and Juliana Jelani. "Applied hotspot analysis in Melaka River basin." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 646, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 012055. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/646/1/012055.
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Abishegam, Samuel D., Azira Mat Yasir, Ilyasak Hussin, and Izety Shezlinda Noran. "Pilot epidemiological study of basal cell carcinoma in Melaka." Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 10, no. 6 (October 17, 2019): 18–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v10i6.25675.
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Background: This study was conceptualized to be a stepping stone for analysis of BCC in Melaka.
Aims and Objective: To analyse the incidence of BCC in Melaka and analyse the distribution of age, gender, ethnicity, localization of lesion and treatment done.
Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis on patients who were diagnosed and treated for BCC was conducted in the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hospital Melaka from January 2013 until March 2019.
Result: There were 152 patients diagnosed with BCCs (N=152) involving 80 women (52.6%) and 72 men (47.4%) over the study period. The patients were aged between 18–92 years with average age for women were 66.2 years and 66.1 tears for men. The majority of cases, 134 (88.2%) were located on the head and neck region. The most common ethnic group to be affected by BCC is the Chinese with 78 (51.3%) followed by Malays at 72 (47.4%) and 1 (0.7%) for Indians and 1 (0.7%) for other minor ethnic group. There were 89 (58.6%) patients underwent excision only whilst 63 (41.4%) patients underwent excision with reconstruction either with skin grafting or local flap.
Conclusion: Basal cell carcinoma is a common cutaneous malignancy. The local demographics of patients with BCC in Melaka are similar to that in the literature. We hope with the data provided, it will facilitate better outcome treatment of BCC not just in our local setting but elsewhere worldwide.
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Samah, K. A. F. A., N. Sabri, R. Hamzah, R. Roslan, N. A. Mangshor, and A. A. M. Asri. "Brute force algorithm implementation for traveljoy travelling recommendation system." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 16, no. 2 (November 1, 2019): 1042. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v16.i2.pp1042-1049.
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<span>This paper presents the Brute Force algorithm implementation for TravelJoy Travelling Recommendation System. Due to overwhelmed information in the internet, travelers faced difficulties in finding and comparing which places in Melaka that worth to visit. Melaka is a well-known place as one of the most popular tourist spots in Malaysia, famous with historical places. All the mentioned problems were time-consuming and required lots of efforts for manual comparison between places and planning the trip itinerary. An efficient application system is needed to assist travelers in planning their trip itinerary by providing details of interesting place in Melaka, budget estimating and recommendation of sequence places which to visit. The TravelJoy application applied Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) concept using Brute Force algorithm in determining the least time duration for the selected places and adapting Expected Time Arrival (ETA). It was found through Brute Force algorithm adaptation; the recommendation system is reliable based on the functional and reliability testing with t-test result of 0.00067, indicates the system is accepted.</span>
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Wan Dahalan, Wan Siti Adibah. "Fasal 233 Konvensyen Undang-Undang Laut Antarabangsa 1982: Satu Analisis terhadap Perairan Selat Melaka." Kanun Jurnal Undang-undang Malaysia 33, no. 2 (July 5, 2021): 203–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.37052/kanun.33(2)no1.
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Selat Melaka merupakan selat yang terletak di antara tiga buah negara, iaitu Malaysia, Singapura dan Indonesia. Selat tersebut berfungsi sebagai laluan terpenting bagi beratus-ratus kapal untuk melakukan pelbagai aktiviti bersifat antarabangsa terutamanya bagi tujuan perdagangan. Hal ini secara tidak langsung menyumbang kepada kesesakan trafik yang amat tinggi, meningkatkan risiko berlakunya perlanggaran dan pertembungan antara kapal yang mengundang tumpahan minyak yang akan menjejaskan biosistem laut. Sungguhpun Bahagian III dan Bahagian XII Konvensyen Undang-Undang Laut 1982 (UNCLOS) diguna pakai untuk mengawal selia isu ini, Fasal 233 secara khususnya menjadi tajuk perbincangan bagi mengenal pasti sejauh mana langkah penguatkuasaan dapat diambil terhadap kapal-kapal yang berbuat kerosakan. Oleh itu, artikel ini mengenal pasti konsep dan definisi Fasal 233 dan keterpakaiannya dalam membendung pencemaran laut di Selat Melaka. Artikel ini turut menganalisis pelaksanaan Fasal 233 yang telah dilakukan oleh Negara-negara Selat serta pemakaian peruntukan UNCLOS 1982 yang lain dalam menguatkuasakan undang-undang di Selat Melaka. Artikel ini turut mengemukakan beberapa cadangan bagi sebarang penambahbaikan terhadap isu pencemaran laut dan kewajipan Negara-negara Selat untuk menangani masalah yang berlaku.
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Norhisham, Norshiba, Siti Zaitun Saddam, Ainaa Idayu Iskandar, Norazira Mohd Abas, Nurul Azrin Ariffin, and Muhd Lokman Nul Hakim Lamri. "A Study on Customers' Satisfaction towards Services Provided by Agencies at Urban Transformation Centre (UTC) Melaka." GATR Global Journal of Business Social Sciences Review 1, no. 2 (April 17, 2013): 92–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.35609/gjbssr.2013.1.2(10).
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Objective- Theoritical study was used to study the level of customers' satisfaction towards service provided by agency at UTC Melaka through the service quality model developed by Parasuraman which are tangibility, reliability, responsiveness, empathy and assurance. Methodology/Technique - A non-probability technique was used to study the level of customer satisfaction where questionnaires were distributed to 110 respondents at UTC Melaka. Respondents were determined using convenient sampling method and result was analysed by using SPSS version 20.0. This paper contributes to the understanding about the importance of food allergy awareness among public. Findings - All the studied factors indicated a significant relationship with customers' satisfaction. The value of r for tangibility was 0.450, reliability (0.558), responsiveness (0.457), assurance (0.313), and empathy (0.475). As a conclusion, customers are satisfied with the service provided by agency at UTC Melaka and reliability was the most factors that affect the customer satisfaction. Novelty - This researchare to test Parasuraman service quality model in Malaysia government agency and look at the level of customers' satisfaction towards the service provided. Type of Paper : Empirical Keywords: customer satisfaction; expectation; services; government agency
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Rahman, Shamsinar, Hardev Kaur Latchimanan Singh, Zaliha Hussin, and Zulkifli Baharuddin. "The issue of Assessment Tax Arrears: A Case Study of the Melaka Historic City Council, Malaysia." GATR Global Journal of Business Social Sciences Review 3, no. 1 (January 24, 2015): 75–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.35609/gjbssr.2015.3.1(10).
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Objective - The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the relationship between the assessment tax system and tax arrears in Melaka Historic City Council, Malacca, Malaysia. (Local Government) Methodology/Technique - Method used is quantitative method. With population sample of 484 885 residents (N=484,885) and a sample size of 384 residents (n=384), the instrument used to collect primary data is questionnaire. The data were analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21. Findings - With accuracy r= .141, p< .001, showed that the relationship was moderate and highly significant. This tells us that the inadequacies in the tax system are one of the contributing factors towards high assessment tax arrears in Melaka Historic City Council. Novelty - Although the issue of tax arrears in Malaysia is not a new phenomenon. However this paper specifically focuses on the issues of assessment tax at the local level, which in this case refers to the Melaka Historic City Council. Type of Paper - Empirical Keywords : Assessment tax; Arrears; Local Government; Local autonomy; Malaysia.
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Borschberg, Peter. "When was Melaka founded and was it known earlier by another name? Exploring the debate between Gabriel Ferrand and Gerret Pieter Rouffaer, 1918−21, and its long echo in historiography." Journal of Southeast Asian Studies 51, no. 1-2 (June 2020): 175–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022463420000168.
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A century ago, research on the Malay world was experiencing major breakthroughs on several fronts, but the greatest achievement at the time was without doubt George Coedès’ ‘rediscovery’, based on Asian sources, of a forgotten kingdom named Srivijaya. His book, published in 1918, saw a wave of publications follow in its wake. Sources were trawled in the hope of finding answers to unresolved issues and unidentified place names. Attention invariably also fell on Melaka. In a long article published by the French academic and diplomat Gabriel Ferrand in the same year, the question of Melaka's founding date came under the spotlight. What do the different surviving sources tell us? What about Gaspar Correia's claim that Melaka was a thriving port city for centuries before the arrival of the Portuguese? Was the city — just as in the case of Temasek (Singapore) — known by a different name in earlier times? Ferrand's publication provoked a response from the Dutch academic Gerret Pieter Rouffaer, director of the KITLV. What he planned to be a 20-odd page response to Ferrand swelled into a multifaceted argument running into hundreds of pages. The debate between Ferrand and Rouffaer that touched on Melaka and Temasek-Singapura's early history probably eluded most of their academic contemporaries who were not proficient in both Dutch and French, especially in the English-speaking world. The present article reconstructs the main points of this debate together with their echo in historiography. It makes a contribution to the ongoing discourses, especially in Malaysia, concerning the founding date of Melaka.
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Rahma, Nur Afiqah Binti. "Penyelesaian Sangketa Hadhanah di Mahkamah Tinggi Syariah Malaka Tengah Dalam Perspektif Pembaharuan Hukum Islam." Al-Risalah 12, no. 01 (December 1, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.30631/al-risalah.v12i01.431.
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Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk untuk mengetahui dasar hukum yang dipakai, prosedur penyelesaiannya, dan penetapan putusan kasus hadhanah yang dilakukan oleh hakim di Mahkamah Syariah Negeri Melaka, Malaysia. Berdasarkan data yang ada, dipahami bahwa secara umum Mahkamah Syariah Negeri Melaka menggunakan undang-undang yang bersumberkan pada hukum syara’. Tetapi, undang-undang ini telah dibukukan atau dibentuk menjadi satu undang-undang. Adapun mengenai pelaksanaan hukuman denda dan penjara. Hukuman ini memang tidak dinyatakan secara jelas dalam Islam. Oleh karenanya, hukuman ini dipandang sebagai salah satu bentuk pembaharuan dalam hukum Islam, di mana tujuannya adalah untuk menjaga kemaslahatan, khususnya memelihara keturunan.
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Wong, Yoon-Keaw, Norazian Mohamed Noor, and Nur Izzah Mohamad Hashim. "Temporal Variation of Ambient PM10 Concentration within an Urban-Industrial Environment." E3S Web of Conferences 34 (2018): 02002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20183402002.
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PM10 concentration in the ambient air has been reported to be the main pollutant affecting human health, particularly in the urban areas. This research is conducted to study the variation of PM10 concentration at the three urban-industrial areas in Malaysia, namely Shah Alam, Kuala Terengganu and Melaka. In addition, the association and correlation between PM10 concentration and other air pollutants will be distinguished. Five years interval dataset (2008-2012) consisting of PM10, SOX, NOX and O3 concentrations and other weather parameters such as wind speed, humidity and temperature were obtained from Department of Environment, Malaysia. Shah Alam shows the highest average of PM10 concentration with the value of 62.76 μg/m3 in June, whereas for Kuala Terengganu was 59.29 μg/m3 in February and 46.61 μg/m3 in August for Melaka. Two peaks were observed from the time series plot using the averaged monthly PM10 concentration. First peak occurs when PM10 concentration rises from January to February and the second peak is reached in June and remain high for the next two consecutive months for Shah Alam and Kuala Terengganu. Meanwhile the second peak for Melaka is only achieved in August as a result of the transboundary of smoke from forest fires in the Sumatra region during dry season from May to September. Both of the pollutants can be sourced from rapid industrial activities at Shah Alam. PM10 concentration is strongly correlated with carbon monoxide concentration in Kuala Terengganu and Melaka with value of r2 = 0.1725 and 0.2744 respectively. High carbon monoxide and PM10 concentration are associated with burning of fossil fuel from increased number of vehicles at these areas.
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Abdullah, Jamalunlaili, Zahida Ahmad Mustaza, and Che Bon Ahmad. "Residents’ Responses towards Green Initiatives by the State in Melaka Tengah District." Asian Journal of Quality of Life 4, no. 16 (April 30, 2019): 33–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/ajqol.v4i16.194.
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Initiatives of sustainable development require acceptance and participation of the people. This is crucial for Melaka state which wants to be a Green Technology City State by 2020. This paper evaluates the people’s acceptance and participation of these programs. Observations, responses from 152 samples, and in depth interview of officers were analysed. The study suggests the respondents are aware of the green city’s vision, mostly from social media. The popular initiatives are Melaka Without Plastic Bag and Polystyrene, Green Transportation and 2+1 Recycling Program. However, the level of people’s involvement in the initiative introduced is relatively low.
Keywords: Green Technology Sustanable City (GTSC); sustainable development; public responses; Melaka
eISSN 2398-4279 © 2019. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
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Jalaluddin, Nor Hashimah, Mariati Mokhtar, and Zaharani Ahmad. "Imej Wanita dalam Undang-Undang Melaka: Pembuktian Linguistik." GEMA Online Journal of Language Studies 14, no. 01 (February 1, 2014): 203–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/gema-2014-1401-13.
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Aman, Azlansyah, and Azhar Mad Ros. "SEJARAH PERDAGANGAN MARITIM RYUKYU SERTA HUBUNGANNYA DENGAN MELAKA." SEJARAH 25, no. 2 (December 16, 2016): 58–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.22452/sejarah.vol25no2.4.
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Rahmat, Muhammad Hafizi, and Siti Sarah Mat Isa. "PERKEMBANGAN PEMBANGUNAN SEKTOR PERTANIAN DI MELAKA, 1957-1980." SEJARAH 28, no. 2 (December 28, 2019): 99–119. http://dx.doi.org/10.22452/sejarah.vol28no2.6.
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Mat Ton, Abdul Aziz. "GURU-GURU MELAYU DALAM POLITIK MELAKA HINGGA 1955." SEJARAH 2, no. 2 (December 12, 1993): 75–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.22452/sejarah.vol2no2.5.
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