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Juell-Skielse, Gustaf. "ERP adoption in small and medium sized enterprises." Licentiate thesis, Stockholm, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3982.
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Buleje, Miguel. "The Impact of Enterprise Resource Planning Systems on Small and Medium Enterprises." NSUWorks, 2014. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/gscis_etd/108.
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Enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems are considered the price of entry in today's business environment, and the number of small and medium-sized enterprises (SME) retiring legacy systems in favor of ERP systems is increasing exponentially.
However, there is a lack of knowledge and awareness of ERP systems and their potential benefit and effect on performance, and overall value to SMEs. While ERP adoption costs and potential benefits are high, it is not apparent whether the end result will translate into higher productivity for SMEs.
The goal of this study is to evaluate the benefits that accrue to a firm on adoption of an ERP system. In the context of SME, a production function approach is used to assess benefits over short and long term. In addition to the production function approach, a variety of related methods such as those based on stock market valuation and Tobin's Q are examined.
Data were collected using the well-known CRSP datasets for SMEs. Analysis of data suggests that ERP implementation has no effect on firm's performance as measured by profit margins, Tobin's Q ratio and Labor productivity. In fact, ERP investments do not yield noticeable improvements on the performance measures even four years after implementation. Weaknesses in data suggest that the conclusion may be seen as tentative. The results of this research study, added value to the academic knowledge base by helping to understand the effects ERPs have on SMEs overall performance.
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Ravarini, Aurelio. "Information technology capability within small-medium enterprises." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2010. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/151.
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The study presented in this thesis investigates the influence of IT capability on the relationship between IT expenditures and long term business performance. To do so, the Resource Based View (RBV) has been used as the theoretical framework, and, within such a framework, the concept of sustainable competitive advantage has been used as a point of reference. IT capability, a term often mentioned in the scientific literature dealing with the applications of RBV in the IS field, has been the subject of this study. Within the IS discipline, IT capability is perceived to have considerable influence on the effect of IT expenditure on the long term results of an organization. However, few studies have identified the extent of this influence and indeed the very definition of IT capability has been so ambiguous that no measurement instrument has been developed and universally accepted.
In this thesis we recognized this lack and carried out a multi-method study, to first identify a comprehensive definition of IT capability and then to develop and validate a measure of IT capability and evaluate its role on business performance.
The empirical study was performed within the context of small-medium enterprises (SMEs),which implies a lower level of organizational complexity but in order to reflect the reality ofmodern business all such organisations were involved in inter-organisational networks within industrial aggregations in Italy. Eleven SMEs were involved in a multiple case study, and 77 SMEs (belonging to the textile and the mechanical industrial districts in Italy) were surveyed and these results analysed and aggregated to form some conclusions with respect to the meaning and influence of IT capability.
The study was conducted over a number of stages to allow an initial definition of IT capability to be evaluated within a case study context and then expanded prior to the main survey. As such the literature review and analysis of previous studies was carried out in two different time periods as the scope of the study was refined.
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Ruyter, Masood. "The measurement of enterprise architecture to add value to small and medium enterprises." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2293.
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Thesis (MTech (Information Technology))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2012.South Africa has a complex financial and retail service industry with high reliance on the use of IT systems to ensure effectiveness and maintainability. Decision making and improved outcomes may be done through an IT aligned enterprise architecture (EA) strategy. EA is a capability that contributes to the support and success of an organisations' IT. Organisations are currently using EA to better align IT and the business strategy which provides a comprehensive v.ew of the IT system. Thus, EA is increasing in organisations yet the measurement and value of EA is limited to organisations and enterprise architects. The discussions of the benefits and value of EA has been discussed for several years, however there are still no consensus about how the benefits and value of EA can be measured. The lack and clear understanding of the benefits and value of EA needs to consider different aspects of IT as well as the shareholders when measuring the benefits and value of EA to an organisation.
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Hung, Pui-ling Elsa. "Government support for small and medium enterprises (SMEs)." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2003. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31967206.
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Jensen, Joan, and n/a. "Electronic Commerce and Small and Medium Business Enterprises." University of Canberra. n/a, 2005. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20070517.130605.
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The aim of this research was to discover the issues influencing the adoption of e-commerce by small and medium business enterprises (SMEs) in the Australian Capital Territory (ACT). The demand aspect of the theory of diffusion of innovation enabled the formulation of a number of research propositions which formed the focus for this research. Seventy-five randomly-selected SMEs within the ACT were interviewed. Of these seventy five, fifty had adopted e-commerce and twenty-five had not.
Findings complemented results from other studies, but also added to them. Factors from the demand aspect of the theory of time, resources (personnel, financial, technological), business organisation, size, return on investment, push by outside agencies or clients, and communication channels were found to be of little importance. Of greater importance were characteristics of the SME operators themselves (such as their innovativeness, their relative youth and educational level), the size of their business, the number of years it had been operating, and marketing issues. A prime consideration was that of attaining and maintaining a competitive edge over their competitors. Security and privacy issues were of little consideration prior to the adoption process, but became of much greater importance once SMEs had adopted e-commerce.
Some things discovered by this research that have not appeared in the reporting of other studies included:
� The importance of tertiary education for the primary decision-makers in the organisation;
� The role banks played in the adoption process;
� The high cost and difficulty of compliance with government regulations, especially regarding the employment of staff; and
� The lack of use of specifically established communication channels, set up by government bodies or associated industry organisations to educate and inform SMEs about the potential and process of e-commerce.
Results of this research have implications for a large number of associated stakeholders � government, educational institutions, and trade, industry and professional associations � and as such deserve to be widely disseminated.
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Rauch, Andreas. "Success factors of small and medium sized enterprises." [Amsterdam] : Amsterdam : University of Amsterdam, Faculteit Maatschappij- en Gedragswetenschappen ; Universiteit van Amsterdam [Host], 2000. http://dare.uva.nl/document/57256.
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熊佩玲 and Pui-ling Elsa Hung. "Government support for small and medium enterprises (SMEs)." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31967206.
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Yeung, Ka-wing Ricky, and 楊家榮. "IT implementation in small and medium manufacturing enterprises." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1997. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31268432.
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Yeung, Ka-wing Ricky. "IT implementation in small and medium manufacturing enterprises /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1997. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B18873406.
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van, Rijn Micha, and David Jansen. "Performance Measurements for Social Enterprises : With focus on Small and Medium sized Social Enterprises." Thesis, Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-26999.
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As the field of Social Enterprises has strongly grown over two decades, the importance of Social Enterprises for the society has also grown and still developing, more and more to a third economic segment between the private and public economy. Within this study we explain how “Small and Medium sized Social Enterprises” (SMSEs) can face the increasing pressure to measure and demonstrate their impact to society and their stakeholders. We especially address the limitations in skill and resource endowment, which SMSEs most commonly face. We execute this research based on a practical and outcome-oriented method and therefore apply an overall pragmatic research philosophy. The research is further designed around a narrative strategy, with an exploratory mono method cross-sectional study. For the collection of empirical data, six semi-structured interviews were conducted with (Social) Entrepreneurs and their stakeholders. This study finds a language barrier between SMSEs and their commercial stakeholders, caused by low willingness from the Social Entrepreneurs’ side to adapt to a commercial business language. The findings of this study further imply that SMSEs are capable of using surveys to measure their performance quantitatively, in terms of in- and output. More importantly, our results suggest that these measurements, completed with additional “soft” measurements to “qualified narratives”, are sufficient to prove the SMSEs’ performance to their stakeholders. Finally, this study takes up an existing contingency model and enriches it with the revealed discoveries, to a more comprehensive measurement approach for SMSEs. It thereby contributes to the field of Social Enterprises and lays valuable foundations for further research.
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Ohlenschlager, Moritz. "Exit Strategies of German Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises." St. Gallen, 2008. http://www.biblio.unisg.ch/org/biblio/edoc.nsf/wwwDisplayIdentifier/03606399002/$FILE/03606399002.pdf.
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Gebramicheal, Zelalem Berhanu, and Tsegahiwot Teketel Habtegiorgis. "Internal Control in Swedish Small and Medium Size Enterprises." Thesis, Umeå University, Umeå School of Business, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-35030.
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Small and medium size enterprises are currently the major part of economic activities through out the world. Nowadays, they represent about 99% of all types of enterprises in Sweden, with providing high job opportunities to its labour force as these enterprises need focus in their development; the internal control mechanism is a means and a way of directing, monitoring and measuring the SMEs resources. It plays an important role in preventing and detecting fraud and protecting the physical and intangible resources as well as leading to high efficiency of the business operation. one since it contributes a lot for the majority of business enterprise involved in SMEs.
This study examines and describes the effectiveness of internal control systems in Swedish small and medium size enterprises. The study focuses on the main five components of internal control and their impact on achieving the company’s objectives. In so doing, the study creates a better understanding of effective internal control that may be applicable to the context of SMEs and establish theoretically the features of an effective internal control for sampled SMEs. To achieve this objective we formulate one research question: system of SMEs comply with the principles of effective internal control? into how closely SMEs follow the virtues of effective internal control in their business operation.
Applying an inductive approach in qualitative interview, the study found out that, contrary to what is generally suggested, SMEs are aware of the importance of having a good internal control system. The findings of the research enabled the emergence of a theory grounded in the collected data. Indeed, the major features of an effective internal control system applicable for SMEs are found to be control activities, effective information and communication system, effective monitoring and evaluation system framework.
Key words: SMEs, internal control, control environment, risk management, control activities, information and communication, monitoring and evaluation
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Mayanja, Jamiah. "Business ethics in Ugandan small and medium-sized enterprises." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/8521.
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SMEs have been acknowledged by governments globally as a prime source of economic growth and development. In Africa there has been a noticeable increase in the number of SME establishments. In Uganda, SMEs are the most popular business choice and play a major role in the national economy. Although SMEs significant economic contributions are generally acknowledged, being ethical and successful has become a challenge, as many SMEs in Uganda have not fully adopted and integrated ethics into their business strategies. Understanding the reasons for the increased unethical behaviour in SMEs is central to their continued business success. The primary objective of the study was to investigate the factors that influence ethical business conduct in Ugandan SMEs. From a comprehensive literature review, three main independent variables (staff-, business- and external environment factors) were identified as variables influencing ethical business conduct (dependent variable) of SMEs. A hypothetical model was developed to determine whether the independent variables have an influence on the dependent variable. Twelve hypotheses were formulated to test the relationships between three staff factors, five business factors, four external environment factors and ethical business conduct. The study sought the perceptions of SME owners or managers in the Kampala District and utilised the quantitative research paradigm. A survey was conducted with the aid of a structured self-administered questionnaire distributed by three fieldworkers. A combination of convenience and snowball sampling was utilised. The final sample comprised 384 respondents. The validity of the measuring instrument was ascertained by using exploratory factor analysis. The Cronbach‟s alpha values for reliability were calculated for each of the factors identified during the exploratory factor analysis. A total of ten valid and reliable factors were retained. Pearson product-moment correlation and multiple regression analysis were used to test the correlation and statistical significance of the relationships hypothesised between the various independent and dependent variables. One statistically significant relationship was found between the staff factors (employee attitude) and ethical business conduct. Two statistically significant relationships were found between the business factors (knowledge acquisition and management practices) and ethical business conduct. Three statistically significant relationships were found between the external environment factors (legal requirements, industry norm and media power) and ethical business conduct. External environmental factors seem to have a greater influence on SME ethical business conduct in Uganda. Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) was used to identify if significant relationships exist between the eight demographic variables and seven reliable and valid independent variables. Furthermore, post-hoc Scheffé tests identified where the significant differences occurred between the different categories. Cohen‟s d-values were calculated in order to assess the practical significance of the mean scores. A total of twelve practical significant relationships were identified. SME owners or managers should consider employing staff with the right attitude to uphold sound ethical business values. They should implement ethical management practices to promote ethical business conduct amongst employees and ensure that employees are made aware of what is regarded as acceptable ethical business behaviour. SME owners or managers should adhere to legal requirements and industry norms to be known as businesses exhibiting ethical behaviour and utilise media to instil and guide ethical values in employees. Lastly, they must pay attention to the role that demographical variables such as: gender, level of education, current employment status, number of years in business and number of employees, play in behaving ethically in business.
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McElroy, Rachelle, Itzel Orozco, and Renee Simard. "Applying Strategic Sustainability : For Small and Medium Sized Enterprises." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Avdelningen för maskinteknik, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-3015.
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Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) are an underutilised sector to disseminating sustainability within communities. Entrepreneurs are action-oriented individuals who enjoy challenges and act upon environmental feedback, making them ideal change agents. However, there is a lack of tools specifically targeted towards SMEs to help them act strategically towards sustainability. In order to support entrepreneurs and motivate them into becoming catalysts for change towards sustainability the research team identified the need to provide them with a customized tool. The tool will be focused towards entrepreneurs interested in starting up new businesses with a core strategy of sustainable development. If the entrepreneur is able to apply sustainability at the beginning of their business venture, it reduces the need for later corrections. The research examines what is needed in a tool to support entrepreneurs and how to encourage them through the conception of adopting sustainable strategies.Renee Simard #1066 Amphion St., Victoria, BC V8S 4G3 Rachelle McElroy 637 Cowper St. Victoria, BC V9A 2E8 Itzel Orozco 1138 E 22nd Ave Eugene OR 97403 United States
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Ploybut, Sutthirat. "Financial reporting by small and medium enterprises in Thailand." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 2012. https://researchportal.port.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/financial-reporting-by-small-and-medium-enterprises-in-thailand(e3301103-2044-412e-94a6-9d76c5e727d9).html.
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The increasing complexity of financial reporting requirements, especially accounting standards, leads many countries to consider moving to simpler reporting requirements for small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in order to reduce reporting burdens. In response to such concern, the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) also released the IFRS for SMEs, an international accounting standard intended for SMEs worldwide. In Thailand, SMEs are required by law to prepare and publish general purpose financial statements for statutory reporting, but the Thai financial reporting framework is complex. Thus, it would be beneficial for Thai SMEs if their reporting burdens were reduced. The IFRS for SMEs might be considered as an alternative set of accounting standards in Thailand, so its suitability to Thai SMEs is worth evaluating. This present study examines SME reporting in Thailand to ascertain its features and to evaluate its costs and benefits to SME stakeholders. Both qualitative and quantitative approaches are adopted in the study. Semi-structured interviews of SMEs, users and other stakeholders are conducted and the data are analysed using Strauss and Corbin’s grounded theory approach. A questionnaire survey of directors or managers of SMEs and a review of SME financial statements are also undertaken. Univariate and multivariate data analysis is carried out with these two data sets. Overall, the interview and survey research concludes that SMEs in Thailand prepare and publish their financial reporting largely in order to meet legal requirements. They rely on their accountants in fulfilling these reporting obligations. For SME directors, costs of reporting are not considered to be an undue burden. Tax authorities, entities’ managements and lenders, in order, are perceived to be the most important users. However, it appears that the financial information in SME financial is unable to meet the needs of these main users. Preparation of financial statements with tax motivation, limited disclosures and out-of-date information are identified as the main weaknesses in SME financial statements. The analysis of SME financial statements shows that: the majority of SMEs engage in simple business transactions and non-compliance with mandatory accounting standards exists among many SMEs. SME stakeholders generally support using simpler accounting standards for SMEs. The IFRS for SMEs seems to be too complicated for many Thai SMEs and inconsistency with tax rules is an issue. The findings of this study are of interest to standard setters and other SME stakeholders in Thailand and other countries. The study also provides implications for SMEs, their accountants and their stakeholders.
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Leith, Andrew R., of Western Sydney Hawkesbury University, and Faculty of Management. "Competitiveness of Australian small to medium enterprises in Indonesia." THESIS_FMAN_XXX_Leith_A.xml, 2000. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/512.
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The purpose of this research is to determine whether Indonesian business practices and culture inhibit the competitiveness of Australian small to medium enterprises in Indonesia. Prior to the current economic demise of the Indonesian economy, Australia's trade relations with its closest Asian neighbour were not as significant as trade with countries far removed from Australia's shores. Previous research has identified that cultural problems and inadequate communication contribute towards the lack of competitiveness of international small to medium enterprises.However there has been no rigorous and comprehensive research specially related to Australian entrepreneurs and the problems they encounter in Indonesia.Several key themes emerged from this study which indicated that thorough planning and market research are more important than a comprehensive understanding of business practices and culture. What the research brings to extant literature is a rigorous and methodological analysis of Indonesian business practices from an Australian entrepreneur's perspective. This provides a structured link between the parent disciple of cross cultural communications, the plethora of information on Asian business practices, and the reality of Australian small to medium enterprises attempting to enter the Indonesian marketDoctor of Philosophy (PhD)
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Ghanatabadi, Firouzeh. "Internationalization of small and medium-sized enterprises in Iran /." Luleå, 2005. http://epubl.luth.se/1402-1544/2005/01.
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Leith, Andrew Roydon. "Competitiveness of Australian small to medium enterprises in Indonesia /." View thesis View thesis, 2000. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20030429.163902/index.html.
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Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Western Sydney, 2000.A thesis submitted as part of the candidature requirement for the award of a Doctorate of Philosophy, November 2000, University of Western Sydney. Bibliography : leaves 204-215.
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Dabo, Danjuma A. "Financing of small and medium sized enterprises in Nigeria." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2006. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/7838.
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The objective of this study is to assess factors which affect the performance of SMEs in Nigeria. The literature shows that economic development, growth and poverty alleviation are vitally linked with reliable and sustainable operations of SMEs. This is particularly relevant to Nigeria which seeks to diversify its real sector by reducing over-dependence on the volatile oil sector. In recognition of these problems the Nigerian government set up the Small and Medium Industries Equity Investment Scheme (SMIEIS) for SMEs. Nonetheless, as it is the case in many developing countries, SMEs are faced with poor access to financial resources, and little research seems to have focused on factors affecting the performance of SMEs in Sub-Saharan African economies including Nigeria. The study is primarily based on an extensive mail survey of 502 SMEs in Nigeria's two regions and three main sectors (manufacturing, business services, and trade sectors). Accordingly, a broad range of testable hypotheses have been formulated which tend to capture peculiarities in the Nigerian economy using correlation and logistic regression analysis. Access to finance, difficulties encountered, financing decisions and desire for Islamic finance turned out to be the major factors affecting regional and sectoral performance of SMEs. The study reveals some significant differences in the regional performance of SMEs. Most important amongst these differences are: ease of `access to finance', `difficulties encountered' in the process, decisions about `accepting or rejecting' bank financing, and the regional appeal of `Islamic finance' with its different financing modes. It also reveals significant difficulties in obtaining external finance by the entire survey respondents. The study concludes that characteristics internal to the SMEs (like Firm age and size, location and legal form) and their owner-managers characteristics (like education, experience and age) seem to determine the demand for and use of external financing. It recommends policy makers and SME stakeholders to review the existing SMIEIS policies which unduly exclude most SMEs from having access to such finance.
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Panayiotou, Panayiotis. "Automated visual inspection in small and medium sized enterprises." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.339935.
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Smith, Mark T. "Eco-design innovation in small and medium sized enterprises." Thesis, Open University, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.341364.
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Milczewski, Joseph August. "Corporate social responsibility programs in medium-sized U.S. enterprises." Thesis, Baker College (Michigan), 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3745694.
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Corporate social responsibility programs have become an integral part of large and multi-national companies. This has been in response to two issues: unethical business practices and the growing concern of stakeholders in companies’ services, products, and activities. There has been an absence of corporate social responsibility programs in medium-sized enterprises, particularly in the United States. Many executives in U.S. medium-sized enterprises find it unnecessary to initiate programs of this type. This study focused on the types of corporate social responsibility programs that exist in medium-sized enterprises and the impact executives believe corporate social responsibility programs have on their companies. The purpose of the study was to identify the reasons why medium-sized enterprises lack corporate social responsibility programs. The study used interviews of executives of medium-sized enterprises in Northeast Ohio. The literature review presents the history of corporate social responsibility programs and the theoretical concept, stakeholder theory, which has allowed these type of programs to develop into their present state along with the advantages and benefits of the programs. The study is significant because the lack of a corporate social responsibility program is detrimental to the success of medium-sized companies. Findings suggest companies have realized financial benefits, realized competitive advantages, and created goodwill through the implementation and maintenance of corporate social responsibility programs.
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Wadzwanya, Faith Chivimbiso. "Managing small and medium enterprises using project management principles." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2652.
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Thesis (MTech (Business Administration (Entrepreneurship)))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2017.Although SMEs are aware of project management, it seems that a vast majority of firms are not actually well-informed about what project management is, and therefore, might not even be adhering to project management principles. Hence, the main objective of this study was to determine the extent to which SMEs (involved in construction, events and information technology and located in the Cape Metropolitan area in South Africa) apply project management principles. This study used a mixed method approach (both qualitative and quantitative) and various relevant instruments to collect and analyse data. A total of 223 questionnaires were administered to employees working in conjunction with a project management department, and five face-to-face interviews were conducted with owner-managers of selected SMEs. The statistical package for social science (SPSS) was used to analyse the quantitative data with results presented in a tabulated format; content analysis was used to transcribe qualitative data and categorise this data into themes. The study found that the project management sector is still predominately male-dominated, and project teams are not selected on the basis of experience. Furthermore, those who lack experiences are not trained. The nature of work done, company understaffing, time and financial constraints and poor team dynamics were all cited as factors affecting the application of project management principles within SMEs. Several recommendations emerged from the findings. First, it was recommended that women be empowered as active participants in project management, thereby reducing the evident gender imbalance; training and development should regularly be conducted to fully equip employees with vital skills and competencies. This will more strongly ensure that clients are satisfied with quality outcome and thereby establish a good reputation for SMEs. Project managers should create contingency plans for potential challenges. Additionally, the project manager should ensure that by virtue of the company being understaffed, specific roles and responsibilities of individuals should be clearly delineated, clearly communicated and clearly understood. Alternatively, the company may employ more personnel for particular projects, or independent contractors could be hired to assist. Moreover, time constraints can be eradicated by establishing timelines through the Gantt chart and measuring milestones. Finance and other resources should be allocated economically with and ongoing budget-cost analysis for monitoring expenditure. It was also deemed advisable that project managers send their teams for wellness training to avoid negative team dynamics, and as for labour unrest, senior managers should engage proactively with unions and delegates.
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Кузьменко, Аліна Олегівна, and Л. В. Роєнко. "The development of small and medium enterprises in Ukraine." Thesis, Київський національний університет технологій та дизайну, 2021. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/18250.
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Майборода, Тетяна Миколаївна, Татьяна Николаевна Майборода, Tetiana Mykolaivna Maiboroda, and L. Bashir. "Role of small and medium-sized enterprises in Tanzania." Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2015. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/43705.
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Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs; sometimes also small and medium enterprises) are enterprises whose personnel numbers fall below certain limits. The abbreviation "SME" is used in the European Union and by international organizations such as the World Bank, the United Nations and the World Trade Organization (WTO).
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Saienko, M., Тетяна Володимирівна Пімоненко, Татьяна Владимировна Пимоненко, Tetiana Volodymyrivna Pimonenko, Олексій Валентинович Люльов, Алексей Валентинович Люлев, Oleksii Valentynovych Liulov, et al. "New trends in marketing for small and medium enterprises." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2020. https://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/80997.
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Матеріал присвячено аналізу нових тенденцій маркетингу для малих та середніх підприємств.Материал посвящен анализу новых тенденций маркетинга для малых и средних предприятий.
The material is devoted to the analysis of new marketing trends for small and medium enterprises.
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Armoutis, Nikolaos. "Small-medium engineering enterprises and e-business : executive summary." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2006. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/1165/.
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A preferred methodology for handling increasing customer demands and the resulting complexity is to design common modules or subsystems. The design of all the modules required by a complex system, such as a car, aeroplane or computer, is increasingly a task beyond the organisational resources of the OEMs and their close suppliers. Therefore, a larger burden is transferred down the supply chain. As a consequence, lower tier suppliers are required to play a more proactive role and demonstrate an appropriate breadth of skills and resources in order to provide complete sub-systems. This research focuses on collaboration and e-business for a solution which will enable engineering SMEs to respond to such challenges and undertake higher value projects. In particular, the aim of this engineering doctorate is to develop and implement a mechanism that puts together combinations of SMEs with the required capability, within an e-business environment. Accounting for 99.3% of all manufacturing companies and 50.8% of the total employment, SME prosperity and `well-being' has significant impact on the national economy. Analyses, such as these provided by KPMG and PriceWaterhouseCoopers, indicate that the demand for common components could substantially reduce the number of small manufacturers and subcontractors. Statistics published by the Office of National Statistics (ONS) confirm the decline of the sector, a reduction of over 22% in overall sector turnover has been reported in the past two years. Although, improved communication links through collaboration and `e' enablement could permit SMEs to move towards a more enriched business model, there is evidence that ebusiness take-up and success in Europe among engineering businesses is low. For instance, focusing on on-line sales, the eEurope 2004 benchmarking report admits that only 14% of SMEs make on-line sales and in only 7% of SMEs do on-line sales constitute more than 5% of their overall sales. The vast majority of companies still continue to rely on old trusted methods of doing business even though outsourcing to lower cost regions and countries is a major threat to many engineering SMEs in Europe. Access to specific competences drives organisations to collaborate with each other. Focusing on the organisational competence, a notion which expresses the key skills and capabilities of an organisation, an ICT based methodology has been developed and tested in this research. The `Competence Profiling Methodology' facilitates collaborative business processes. The methodology enables the discovery of appropriate collaborators for the development and manufacture of complex systems by matching complimentary competences and softer factors. These ideas were developed and tested within two SME projects in the West Midlands, Autocle@r and Autolean 3, as well as with the DTI funded Manufacturing Advisory Service - West Midlands, a one-stop shop to assist manufacturing SMEs. The results from these projects were used to develop a practical portal architecture, to help e-enable engineering SMEs. The resulting West Midlands Collaborative Commerce Marketplace, has over 2000 SME members, has had over 40,000 tenders through the system and over 100 companies are using collaborative spaces to coordinate resources. A key conclusion of this research is that traditional e-business is poorly suited to engineering SMEs being very standard product orientated. Skills and capabilities are far more generic than end products and focusing on them can support more effective eenablement of engineering companies. Results from the WMCCM (www.wmccm.co.uk) project confirm this.
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Tu, Ciwen. "The internationalisation process of small and medium sized enterprises." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2003. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.669157.
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Chijioke, Matthias Ikenna. "Strategies to Sustain Small-and-Medium Sized Business Enterprises." ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3146.
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Eighty-five percent of all firms operating in Nigeria are small-and medium-sized business enterprises (SMEs) and contribute almost 55% to the gross domestic product (GDP) in Nigeria. Capital flight and other growth inhibitors pose threats to the sustainability of SMEs in Nigeria. This exploratory multiple-case study was to determine strategies SME leaders use to sustain business operations in Nigeria. The study participants consisted of 15 SME leaders from 3 regional manufacturing firms who had successfully implemented strategies to sustain SMEs in Nigeria. Bertalanffy's general systems theory and Freeman's stakeholder theory were the conceptual frameworks used in the research. The data collection processes included semistructured interviews and reviewing company documents. After analyzing the interview data and validating through member checking, 5 core themes emerged during the data analysis process: creating new markets, encouraging opportunity for sustainable growth, securing additional funding sources, employee participation in decision making, and gaining competitive advantages. The findings may promote social change among the business community leaders by identifying essential characteristics to improve the posterity of SMEs in Nigeria.
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Ogoi, Henry Jefferson. "Strategies for Accessing Credit by Small and Medium Enterprises." ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/2617.
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Small and medium enterprise (SME) business owners play a significant role in the Kenyan economy as they account for approximately 78% of total employment and 57% of the new jobs created. The purpose of this qualitative multiple case study was to explore what strategies some Kenyan SME business owners used within the past 5 years to access credit to improve company profitability and growth. The target population consisted of 4 SME owners of businesses located in Kakamega Town, Kenya, who have had access to credit within the past 5 years. The conceptual framework for this study was the social capital theory. Semistructured interviews were conducted and company documents were gathered. All interpretations from the data were subjected to member checking to ensure the trustworthiness of findings. Based on the methodological triangulation of the data collected, 4 themes emerged after the data analysis: (a) group lending, (b) information access, (c) education and professional background of the entrepreneur, and (d) effect of access to credit on the performance of SMEs. The application of the findings from this study may contribute to social change by providing insights and strategies for SME business owners to access credit and ensure sustainable business growth that could potentially enhance community standards of living.
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Filippi, Alberto <1993>. "Corporate Social Responsibility in Small and Medium Enterprises Context." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/16429.
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The aim of the thesis is to understand drivers or factors that move SMEs towards the adoption of procedures in the frame of Corporate Social Responsibility. Specifically, the dissertation consists of three main parts: the first one explores the theoretical framework behind CSR, with a literature review that lead to a definition of what is CSR. Starting from that, we focus on CSR within SMEs perspective, trying to understand the different scope of actions between these enterprises and the bigger ones. Moreover, we search why could be important to adopt CSR initiatives even in a small-medium context, both from a strategic and a personal standpoint. The second part analyses the drivers of CSR and besides, what are the obstacles that preclude SMEs to follow CSR. Starting from the Green Paper of EU Commission we identify two main categories of factors that influence the choice of pursuing CSR programs: external drivers, related to the context in which the enterprise operates (local communities pressure, partners suppliers, Human rights, legislative standards, fiscal benefits..), and internal drivers, related to personal beliefs (responsible human resource management, health and safety in work environment, awareness of environmental impacts).The third part details how SMEs implement CSR processes. Elaborates and summarizes the different tools that stakeholders can apply to adopt CSR Programs and strategic initiatives: using innovation, through HR Management, using certifications such as SA8000, through Government Policy, through private associations. These premises could lead to an analysis of a real business case that could represent what written across the essay, identifying one or two example of CSR program adopted by a SME.
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Bent, Peter. "The roles of legitimacy in the internationalisation of small to medium high-technology firms /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2003. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe17928.pdf.
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Shin, Joonho. "Micro Multinational Enterprises and the Internationalization of Small and Medium Sized Enterprises: Contextual and Organizational Factors." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Ramon Llull, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/461712.
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Les principals teories de negocis internacionals afirmen que hi ha una relació positiva entre el grau d'internacionalització d'una empresa i el seu acompliment, atès que la internacionalització ofereix a les empreses l'oportunitat de créixer i millorar la seva competitivitat. Tot i les limitacions de recursos per expandir-se geogràficament, les PIMES han mostrat una alta i creixent propensió a internacionalitzar-se, demostrant que les empreses no han de ser grans per tenir èxit en els mercats estrangers.
La pregunta general de recerca que aquesta tesi pretén respondre és: ¿quins factors contextuals i organitzacionals permeten a les PIMES internacionalitzar-se, superant les limitacions degudes a la seva reduïda grandària, adoptar modalitats d'entrada que requereixen un alt compromís de recursos, i maximitzar el rendiment?
La tesi examina diferents factors contextuals i organitzacionals que incideixen en la relació entre el grau d'internacionalització i l'acompliment en el context específic de les PIMES i d'un subgrup de PIMES particularment interessant, les micro-multinacionals. Els estudis previs sobre la relació internacionalització-rendiment (I-R) s'han centrat en les grans empreses multinacionals, mentre que la internacionalització de les pimes que utilitzen modes d'entrada de major compromís ha rebut molt escassa atenció. La tesi proporciona una explicació teòrica i empírica de l'efecte moderador de diversos factors contextuals i organitzacionals en la relació I-R en diferents nivells d'internacionalització. Per a això, s'integren en el marc teòric de la tesi la literatura sobre la relació I-R amb les literatures relacionades amb les variables moderadores de tipus contextual (sector d’activitat) i organitzacionals (tipus de propietat, estratègies de diversificació geogràfica). Els resultats obtinguts confirmen que la relació I-R és específica al context i contingent en relació amb les característiques organitzatives i contextuals estudiades.Las principales teorías de negocios internacionales afirman que existe una relación positiva entre el grado de internacionalización de una empresa y su desempeño, dado que la internacionalización ofrece a las empresas la oportunidad de crecer y mejorar su competitividad. A pesar de las limitaciones de recursos para expandirse geográficamente, las PYMES han mostrado una alta y creciente propensión a internacionalizarse, demostrando que las empresas no tienen que ser grandes para tener éxito en los mercados extranjeros. La pregunta general de investigación que esta tesis pretende responder es: ¿qué factores contextuales y organizacionales permiten a las PYMES internacionalizarse, superando sus limitaciones de tamaño, adoptar modos de entrada que requieren un alto compromiso de recursos, y maximizar el rendimiento? La tesis examina diferentes factores contextuales y organizacionales que inciden en la relación entre el grado de internacionalización y el desempeño en el contexto específico de las PYMES y de un subgrupo de PYMES particularmente interesante, las micro-multinacionales. Los estudios previos sobre la relación internacionalización-desempeño (I-P) se han centrado en las grandes empresas multinacionales, mientras que la internacionalización de las pymes que utilizan modos de entrada de mayor compromiso ha recibido muy escasa atención. La tesis proporciona una explicación teórica y empírica del efecto moderador de varios factores contextuales y organizacionales en la relación I-P en diferentes niveles de internacionalización. Para ello, se integran en el marco teórico de la tesis la literatura sobre la relación I-P con las literaturas relacionadas con las variables moderadoras de tipo contextual (sector de actividad) y organizacionales (tipos de propiedad, estrategias de diversificación geográfica). Nuestros hallazgos confirman que la relación I-P es específica al contexto y contingente en relación con las características organizativas y contextuales estudiadas.
Core international business theory asserts that there is a positive relationship between a firm’s degree of internationalization and its performance, given that internationalization offers firms the opportunity to grow and enhance their competitiveness, Despite resource constraints to expand geographically, SMEs have shown a high and growing propensity to internationalize, demonstrating that firms do not have to be large to be successful in foreign markets. The overarching research question this thesis aims to respond is: what contextual and organizational factors allow internationalizing SMEs overcome their size constraints, adopt higher commitment entry modes, and maximize performance? The thesis examines different contextual and organizational factors that influence the relationship between the degree of internationalization and performance in the specific context of SMEs and a particularly interesting subgroup among them, micro multinationals. Previous studies on the internationalization-performance (I-P) relationship have focused on large MNEs while very little attention has been paid to internationalizing SMEs using higher commitment entry modes. The thesis provides a theoretical and empirical explanation of the moderating effect of several contextual and organizational factors on the I-P relationship at different levels of internationalization. To do so, the theoretical framework of the thesis integrates the literature on internationalization/ multinationality research with the corresponding literatures related to the contextual (industry) and organizational (ownership types, geographical diversification strategies). Our findings confirm that the I-P relationship is context-specific and it is contingent on the studied organizational and industry characteristics.
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Keen, Henon Christian. "The internationalization of small and medium-sized enterprises from Argentina." Thesis, McGill University, 2010. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:8881/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=92263.
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Ozalp, Dizem. "Small And Medium-sized Enterprises And Banking Sector In Turkey." Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12607995/index.pdf.
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This study has the objective of arguing the fact that the Small and Medium-sized Enterprise
(SME) lending is developing, relevant to the evolution of the business environment and banking
sector, during the period between 2001 –
2006 years. The thesis is testing this claim on two data sets. First
the financial data of CBRT during the period of 2001 - 2006 is evaluated. Then, the SME data of a Bank is evaluated. The thesis also covers the arguments on SME definition, the literature survey for SME development policies, SME lending infrastructure, the banking sector, as the main source of finance for SME, and the SME profile of Turkey. The thesis concludes on two things: The share of SMEs in the total credit volume is rising during the period between 2001 &
#8211
2006 years. And the share of medium-term credits is rising, while the short-term credits&
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is decreasing. In addition to these, the study criticizes the recent SME definition of KOSGEB.
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Babalola, Oluwanifesimi Omolade. "Development finance in small and medium enterprises in Matjhabeng Municipality." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020215.
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It has been generally accepted within the developed and developing countries of the world that SMES contributes significantly to employment creation as the world population increases and that it also contributes to the economic growth of the areas they are situated in. Finance is the blood (life) of any business, for a business to be successful it needs steady successful access to funds and post financial support which leads to actualization of ideas, leads to investment and expansion, improves access to market amongst others. This is why the impact of development finance can never be over emphasized. The aims of the study are: To understand the extent to which small and medium businesses are supported through the availability of financial assistance in Matjabeng Municipality. To establish the survival rates of businesses that has been funded and or supported and whether they are or not sustainable. In achieving the aims and objectives of the research, the researcher looked at development funds both from the supply side and the demand side. The supply side which involved semi structured interviews with consultants of government parastatals (the FDC and DETEA) who are involved in financing Small Medium Enterprises in Matjhabeng municipality. The demand side involved administering of questionnaires to Entrepreneurs in the municipality who are registered with the Local Economic Department (LED), which led to the acceptance of the hypothesis of the research that development finance actually helps in the growth of small medium enterprises but in conjunction with post financial support such as bookkeeping, accounting, monitoring and evaluation. The researcher also discovered some findings amongst others which includes: The most effective ways entrepreneurs heard about funding in the municipality are through the media and word of mouth. Most of the entrepreneurs that received some type of funding are startups. More entrepreneurs that had access to funds also got some post financial business support. Financial assistance to entrepreneurs yielded improvements after respondents received financial assistance, the range of goods offered was improved and more jobs were created, entrepreneurs were able to obtain better business premises either by renting or buying and entrepreneurs had access to better equipment. Some of the recommendations of this study includes; The municipal government should help small and medium enterprises in the municipality by linking them to new markets. Effective monitoring and evaluation systems should be put in place by development funders and non-financial support services. Entrepreneurial skills development should be provided by the public and private agencies by organizing workshops for aspiring entrepreneurs in order to expose them to business opportunities that are sustainable and viable.
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Onions, Robert L. "Auditing in United Kingdom (UK) small and medium enterprises (SMEs)." Thesis, University of Salford, 2006. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/26846/.
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The research questions are: 1. Do most SMEs receive limited systems auditing attention? 2. Do auditors pay inadequate attention to aspects of Information Technology and Security? 3. Is unreported fraud widespread within SMEs and is it growing? 4. Are Directors keenly interested in reducing fraud if they can? 5. SMEs might favour an alternative, low cost, automated auditing process? The thesis begins with a comprehensive literature review including juridical issues, a brief history of auditing, and legal standards. There is a review of auditing standards and issues in Information Systems and an examination of fraud and its effects on business. Computer Assisted Audit Tools are examined and the use of technology to assist auditors is reviewed. There is a wide-ranging review of reported fraud and a discussion about new technologies in Continuous Auditing and Expert Systems. A research questionnaire with 147 questions was sent, with Department of Trade assistance, to 2000 SMEs and the research findings are analysed and related to the thesis hypotheses. The results are then extrapolated across the UK base of nearly 3.8 million SMEs. The perceived way forward in auditing using new technologies is examined and new paradigms are suggested. There is a contribution towards these new systems in the form of an Extensible Continuous Auditing Language (XCAL) which enables experts systems to recognise generic transactions in ERP and accounting systems. A case study of a large fraud and some smaller crimes looks at the way they could have been pinpointed as they were being perpetrated instead of months later and there is a review of future research into transaction patterns in auditing and their incorporation into future electronic auditing systems.
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Kazanis, Phillip, University of Western Sydney, of Science Technology and Environment College, and School of Computing and Information Technology. "Methodologies and tools for etransforming small- to medium-size enterprises." THESIS_CSTE_CIT_Kazanis_P.xml, 2004. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/543.
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The 21st century is an age of conducting business electronically. The benefits of dealing electronically with customers, suppliers, government and others is a fact that will continue the push towards further use of digital technology. This research work aims to address the following research question. How can a small to medium size enterprise (SME)etransform to be competitive in a globalised, rapidly changing, digital world? There are two components to this question; firstly the nature of competitiveness in a globalised environment, and secondly, the issue of how an orgaisation can etransform.The background material investigated at the initiation of this work can be broadly categorised into two types (1)theoretical possibilities; proposing 'potential' uses of internet technologies and (2)case studies reporting on existing ebusinesses. A detailed literature review of eBusiness was conducted to discover what made these organisations different from a traditional business. The next phase in this research work involved development of the eTransformation Roadmap, a tool that served two purposes. Firstly, to measure the current Information Technology sophistication of a business. Secondly, to show the steps that an organisation can take to become an eBusiness. The Roadmap was also used to analyse data collected from a survey of Western Sydney businesses. Overall, this research has provided a holistic view of how an organisation can transform itself to compete in a rapidly changing, digital world.Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
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Poole, Nicole Lesley. "Organisational change in Queensland small and medium size enterprises (SMEs)." University of Southern Queensland, Faculty of Business, 2009. http://eprints.usq.edu.au/archive/00006242/.
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[Abstract]A substantial amount of change management research exists internationally and in Australia in relation to the causes, processes and outcomes of organisational change in large organisations. However this does not reflect the change scenarios in SMEs. Furthermore, the academic and professional discipline of organisational change in Australia, while well-researched in some areas, remains embryonic when translatedto SMEs in a dynamic environment. Very few large scale state-wide and national surveys have been conducted in Australia. This study is filling the theoretical gap inrelation to the theory and practice relating to the nature, extent and characteristics of organisational change in Queensland Small and Medium Size Enterprises (SMEs).The objective of this study was to examine the nature and extent of organisational change in Queensland SMEs. Five research questions were developed to inform thisresearch objective, including: What are the forces of change in Queensland SMEs?; To what extent does the main change driver (change agent) in SMEs possess effectivechange management skills?; What mental models do Queensland SME managers espouse in relation to the management of organisational change?; What is the natureand prevalence of change interventions for achieving organisational change in Queensland SMEs? ; and What is the impact of organisational size on the nature andprevalence of organisational change in Queensland SMEs? Eleven hypotheses in relation to the last research question were developed and tested.To answer the research questions, the study employed the use of quantitative data which was collected through a state-wide mail survey of 1000 Queensland SMEs. A34 percent response rate was achieved. The survey was adapted from a previous validated questionnaire measuring employee management and organisational change practices in Australian SMEs.The results indicate that by far the most important factor in the decision to introduce change in Queensland SMEs was customer expectations for quality. The survey results also show that, overall, the SMEs were able to achieve the objectives they pursued when implementing significant changes. The findings indicate that the main change drivers in Queensland SMEs possess a moderate profile in relation to change management skills. Furthermore, the findings reflect the view that managers tend tosupport forms of limited employee participation and consultation.Change practices are only moderately represented in Australian SMEs. Taken together with low participation of employees in the decision to employ these changes; low levels of union membership; a low presence of specialist HR managers in SMEs; and the fact that the majority of SMEs that do have written strategic plans do not use it to develop operational plans and drive day to day operations; a ‘transforming’ scenario in Queensland SMEs is unlikely. However, one very positive trend is the achievement by the majority of SMEs of change objectives pursued. Nevertheless, the fact that the mental models of Queensland SMEs favoured managerial prerogative is of more significance for the effectiveness of both the management of employees and the performance of SMEs.The findings show that organisational size is significant for the factors important in the introduction of organisational change, however size is not particularly significant in relation to the objectives pursued and achieved in the introduction of organisational change. Furthermore, size is also not significant in relation to the extent to which the main change driver (change agent) in SMEs possesses effective change management skills, and the mental models that Queensland SME managers espouse in relation to the management of organisational change. In contrast with these findings, the analysis suggests that organisational size is significant for the prevalence of change interventions/practices, with medium organisations employing change interventions to a significant greater extent. The thesis concludes with commentary on the practical implications for SME managers and policy and several directions for future research.
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Thibault, Marc. "Factors influencing sales performance in small and medium-sized enterprises." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ61953.pdf.
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Marri, Hussain Bux. "Implementation of computer integrated manufacturing in small and medium enterprises." Thesis, Brunel University, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.311618.
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Herman, Stephen Andrew. "Adaptability and survival in populations of small and medium enterprises." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2299/9930.
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There is disagreement in the literature about the relative roles of selection (competition) and adaptation in explaining industrial change. For some, the possibilities for adaptation by individual firms are highly limited, and instead the key drivers of industry-level change are the extinction of some firms and the birth of others. Others stress that survival is all about the ways in which a firm can choose to adapt to changes in the external environment and to changes in competition. This dissertation takes the view there is a false dichotomy between adaptation and selection, that they are not opposites and that adaptation is an essential an unavoidable part of any relevant evolutionary process. Even if selection generates larger industry-level outcomes, adaptability is still important. It is then an empirical matter of the relative strengths of adaptability and selection in particular circumstances. The work makes a clear distinction between an adaptation, a change to an individual (firm) that enables the individual to be better fitted to its environment, and adaptability, the potential to adjust to changes in the selection environment. In looking for causal explanations, the approach adopted here acknowledges that causes relate to potentialities or dispositions and not to effects or events. Using this approach, the adopted methodology maintains that business routines, even when defined as capacities or dispositions rather than behaviours, can still be measured and used to generate an adaptability instrument. It is then possible to look at the relationship between the adaptability instrument and survival. The research looks particularly at the adaptability and survival of small and medium size firms, as they constitute the majority of enterprises in the UK and are empirically under-represented in previous research. This thesis looks at the evolution of populations of such firms through the mix of firm-level adaptation and selection in the population. The methodology concentrated on the four constituent areas of any firm: sales and marketing, production, administration and human resources, and corporate strategy. It examined not the quantities of operation in routines as in many previous studies but the levels of adaptability firms perceive they actually achieve or believe they would experience in the face of both continuous and discontinuous internal and external change. The adaptability instrument is the composite measure of the potential to adapt routines across the four constituent areas, capturing a picture of the interactions between the strategies, structures and procedures within the firm. The methodology also involved a relatively large sample of observations of a representative set of small and medium-sized enterprises, addressing the lack of previous empirical work on datasets of a whole population of firms taken from multiple industries and sectors. It was also possible to re-sample respondents in the depths of a recession 18 months later in order to look at the relationship between previously calculated adaptability and the subsequent degree of survival. The results challenge the exclusive role of selection only in explaining industry attributes and suggest that adaptability is important for firm survival. Even if selection generates larger industry-level outcomes, adaptability is still important. The research demonstrates that both competitive selection and developmental adaptability combine to explain industrial change and that any differences in adaptability between firms are of significance. In a sharp recession, however, only the firms with more potential to adapt their output in response to falling demand, and so better protect their cash flow against any contracting credit availability, have an advantage relative to their rivals that can confer relatively greater longevity and survivability. Other factors contribute to survival more strongly in recession than in more stable times and, while adaptability still matters, the slightly lower adaptability of older cohorts of firms masks the positive value of adaptability. At the individual firm level during sharp recession, indirect competition through customers choosing not to spend, or spend scarce resources elsewhere, rapidly de-selects those with weak cash flow management, poor cash reserves or poor credit worthiness. The criteria adopted for degrees of failure were heavily dependent on the context of use but reflected common parlance among the survey respondents. The findings of this research point to the merits of a theoretical framework different from much textbook economics, strategy-choice theory and organisational ecology. The findings support an evolutionary approach that in turn corresponds with recent developments in the theoretical framework known as Generalised Darwinism.
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Mishimagi, Tatsuya. "Transformation of small and medium enterprises in the Japanese economy." Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.530786.
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Hammad, Younis. "Competitive advantage of small and medium size enterprises in Palestine." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/403.
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The main core of this study is to assess the current state of the Palestinian Small and Medium Size Enterprises (SMEs) sector and determine its potential and opportunities open to this sector for playing a central role in the development process, as well as to examine the reasons behind the limited presence of SMEs' in the Palestinian territory. This thesis explores and examines via qualitative and quantitative research methods, the competitive advantages and distinctive competencies that determine success in firms established in Palestine before and after the Oslo Agreement. The study embraces two case analyses, indepth interviews of successful and less-successful firms and an extensive survey interviewing the owner/manager of established firms in the West Bank and Gaza Strip (WBGS). The empirical analysis is based on survey data from 200 Textile and Garment ventures. Data was examined and analysed using multiple statistical analysis, results were summarised and presented in table and graph forms. In this study, relations between firms' basic resources, competitive positioning tools, and performance are analysed. Comparison is made between the performance of firms based in the West Bank and that of firms in Gaza Strip. Comparative analyses reveal similarities and differences between the two regions. Implications for firm owner-managers and policy makers are discussed. Finally, the study provides suggestions for future research.
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Hudson, Melanie. "Introducing integrated performance measurement into small and medium sized enterprises." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/400.
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The thesis extends current knowledge and understanding of integrated performance measurement (PM) development into the context of small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs). The research builds on existing knowledge of integrated PM development approaches and identifies the context-specific factors which affect its introduction into SMEs. These are used to design, develop and validate a new, continuous improvement based approach for the development of integrated PM systems, which is specifically designed for use in SMEs. First, a conceptual model of criteria for integrated PM development is synthesised from the literature and the characteristics of SMEs are established. An evaluation of current approaches for the development of integrated PM is undertaken and an approach which conforms to the conceptual model is selected for an empirical study in a SME. Along with a set of interviews examining the state of PM in SMEs, this study identifies several factors which affect integrated PM introduction in this environment. These factors enhance the conceptual model and indicate the need for a more effective development approach for SMEs. Design theory is used to inform and structure the design of the new approach, which is developed and refined for practical use through a SME case study. Two further cases are carried out to validate the new approach, in which cross-case comparisons are made. The results indicate the validity of both the new approach and the enhanced conceptual model. The formulation of an enhanced conceptual model of integrated PM development, detailing the context specific criteria for effective in use in SMEs, together with the validation of a new, continuous improvement based, approach for integrated PM system development in SMEs that conforms to the conceptual model, represents a significant contribution to both theory and practice from this research.
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Newlands, David J. "Developing supply chain methodologies for small to medium sized enterprises." Thesis, Coventry University, 2001. http://curve.coventry.ac.uk/open/items/21c6a124-706a-d58b-a106-7e6db420b4c7/1.
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This thesis summarises research focused on the requisites required to implement improvement initiatives successfully. Processes used to enhance supply chain performance initiatives are examined. The core hypothesis is that a preconditioning programme provides support for progressive organisations, irrespective of size or position in the supply chain. An interpretation matrix developed as a result of action research with M E Ltd was tested with NP Ltd and its suppliers. During search conferences the matrix was found to add value by serving as a common platform to record then compare observations and agree a common understanding between participants. Based on qualitative descriptions of training and learning in organisations from the 1950s to the 1970s, Barrington's model has three levels: 'systematic approach' predominating in the 1950s, 'appraisal approach' developed extensively in the 1960s and an 'attitude to continuous improvement' that was promoted after the 1970s fuel crises. This model was used as the basis for selecting collaborating establishments. The literature review concludes that conventional supplier development has the attributes of the systematic approach, which is considered the least effective level. M E Ltd was considering introducing appraisal, had few attributes of the systematic approach, and had an attitude for continuous improvement. A company specific survey was undertaken that led to a series of remedial actions which were identified as a preconditioning programme prior to supplier development. NP Ltd selected leaders by attitude, had institutionalised appraisals and once the core group was established, trained employees with systematic techniques. AAP Ltd had the attitude and systematic techniques, yet did not have appraisal systems. Principal conclusions of this are: · These case studies suggest companies can have any two of Barrington's levels. As a result, an alternate depiction of Barrington’s model is suggested. · The cases indicate that preconditioning can occur within a company, from customer to suppliers and from suppliers to customer. · The cases suggest product development roadmap stability as a root cause for negative effects to the relationship between customer and supplier.
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Chaita, Mercy V. "Analysing the characteristics of innovation in small and medium enterprises." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.440835.
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Mkrtchyan, Armen A. "Modeling distributed product development processes in small and medium enterprises." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/98801.
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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2015.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 193-207).
Effective and efficient product development (PD) is critical to the success of many firms. The market's emphasis on getting faster and cheaper products has forced firms to shift their PD practices from sequential to distributed development practices. This shift has significantly increased complexity and dynamism of PD processes, but often is not sufficiently accounted for by PD managers. Transitioning to distributed PD processes is even more challenging for Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs), who usually lack resources to secure external help. Furthermore, SMEs have been increasingly using distributed PD to not only cut costs but also accelerate PD processes, which adds extra complexity to the management of PD processes. The objective of this thesis is to develop a generalizable model of distributed PD to aid SMEs better manage their PD processes. First, I identified the necessary attributes that have to be captured in distributed PD process modeling within SMEs using firm interviews and academic literature. I validated the attribute list using firm surveys. Next, I developed a discrete-event simulation model that accounted for task structure, rework, multiple teams, flexible work hours, individual performance ratings and learning curve factors. The model is designed to calculate project completion time and cost. In addition, it generates a probability distribution function of completion time that can be used to further guide PD manager decision-making. I encapsulated the model within a software application called SimLinkTM for both Mac OS® and iOS@ mobile devices. Finally, I adopted a multistage validation process using both historical data sets and ongoing project data to accurately replicate observed results and guide decision making in real world scenario. I built additional confidence in model's predictive ability through sensitivity and stochasticity analysis. The application can be used to evaluate the impact of different PD attributes and analyze various PD scenarios before implementing them in real world. Specifically, the application (and underlying model) has been used to investigate cost and schedule targets for various PD staffing configurations, as well as to analyze the impact of around-the-clock development activities. Lastly, model limitations and generalizability to other PD settings are discussed.
by Armen A. Mkrtchyan.
Ph. D.
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Arredondo, Juan C. (Juan Carlos Arredondo Brun) 1974. "Environmental and health management in small and medium size enterprises." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/17718.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2004.Includes bibliographical references (p. 96-100).
Workers and employees are increasingly exposed in the workplace to chemical compounds and substances that are potentially toxic; for most of these compounds, no information exist regarding effects on human health. As one of the main employment generation sources, Small and Medium size Enterprises (SMEs) host a significant proportion of the environmental hazards currently present in the workplace. However, only a negligible amount of research or information has been completed and collected concerning SMEs environmental and health performance. SMEs possess environmental perceptions and an environmental and health behavior conditioned by the same qualitative attributes inherent to the small firm, from the kin relationships among the business members to the social role of the small company in a given community. With a prominent economic and social role in the society, SMEs are an important and still underestimated link in the environment-to-health chain. This thesis proposes an Environmental and Health Management model for SMEs. The model considers the convergence of medical, environmental, labor, and safety approaches and explores their interrelationship in three main components: the environmental conditions in the workplace, the (individuals) health conditions in the workplace, and the work-related conditions in the workplace. Nine fields of knowledge (Industrial Safety, Occupational Health, Occupational Medicine, Epidemiology, Industrial Hygiene, Toxicology, Environmental Health, Environmental Management, and Risk assessment) are considered as useful tools and approaches whose interaction may help SMEs to shape or modify their environmental perceptions and behavior, as well as may provide a general framework for the regulations applicable to SMEs.
by Juan C. Arredondo.
S.M.