Relevant bibliographies by topics / Medium Duty Engine

Academic literature on the topic 'Medium Duty Engine'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Medium Duty Engine"

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Sofianopoulos, Aimilios, Mozhgan Rahimi Boldaji, Benjamin Lawler, Sotirios Mamalis, and John E. Dec. "Effect of engine size, speed, and dilution method on thermal stratification of premixed homogeneous charge compression–ignition engines: A large eddy simulation study." International Journal of Engine Research 21, no. 9 (January 15, 2019): 1612–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468087418820735.

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High heat release rates limit the operating range of homogeneous charge compression–ignition engines to low and medium loads. Thermal stratification has been shown to stagger autoignition, lower heat release rates, and extend the operating range of homogeneous charge compression–ignition engines. However, the dependence of naturally occurring thermal stratification on the engine size, speed, and internal residual dilution is not fully understood. A three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics model with large eddy simulations and detailed chemical kinetics was developed using CONVERGE. This model was used to simulate two different engines: (1) a light-duty 2.0 GM Ecotec Engine modified for homogeneous charge compression–ignition combustion in one of the cylinders and (2) a medium-duty Cummins B-series engine modified for homogeneous charge compression–ignition combustion in one of the cylinders. For the light-duty engine, five consecutive modeled cycles were compared with experimental data from 300 consecutive cycles using residual gas dilution at 2000 r/min. For the medium-duty engine, five consecutive modeled cycles were compared with experimental data from 100 consecutive cycles using air dilution with intake heating at 1200 r/min. In the light-duty engine, it was found that incomplete mixing between fresh charge and residual gas increased thermal stratification early in the compression stroke for residual dilution compared to air dilution. Residual stratification at the onset of ignition was small and not directly coupled with thermal stratification. Heat losses to the walls were the dominant source of thermal stratification at the onset of ignition. The reduced oxygen concentration due to residual dilution, increased the temperature requirement for autoignition, which increased heat transfer losses and increased the thermal stratification around top dead center. The thermal stratification before ignition reduced when the engine speed increased because of the lower heat transfer losses. The light-duty engine was found to have larger portion of the fuel energy lost to heat transfer than the medium-duty engine, which resulted in larger thermal stratification before ignition.
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Wardana, Muhammad Khristamto Aditya, and Ocktaeck Lim. "Review of Improving the NOx Conversion Efficiency in Various Diesel Engines fitted with SCR System Technology." Catalysts 13, no. 1 (December 29, 2022): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal13010067.

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The diesel engine is utilized in most commercial vehicles to carry items from various firms; nevertheless, diesel engines emit massive amounts of nitrogen oxides (NOx) which are harmful to human health. A typical approach for reducing NOx emissions from diesel engines is the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) system; however, several reasons make reducing NOx emissions a challenge: urea particles frequently become solid in the injector and difficult to disseminate across the system; the injector frequently struggles to spray the smaller particles of urea; the larger urea particles from the injector readily cling to the system; it is also difficult to evaporate urea droplets because of the exhaust and wall temperatures (Tw), resulting in an increase in solid deposits in the system, uncontrolled ammonia water solution injection, and NOx emissions problems. The light-duty diesel engine (LDD), medium-duty diesel engine (MDD), heavy-duty diesel engine (HDD), and marine diesel engine use different treatments to optimize NOx conversion efficiency in the SCR system. This review analyzes several studies in the literature which aim to increase NOx conversion in different diesel engine types. The approach and methods demonstrated in this study provide a suitable starting point for future research into reducing NOx emissions from diesel engines, particularly for engines with comparable specifications.
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Hushim, Mohd Faisal, Zamri Noranai, Daniel Lau Yan How, Zainul Ameerul Ikhsan Zainul Abidin, Mohd Azahari Razali, Azwan Sapit, and Akmal Nizam Mohamed. "Single Parameter Engine Analysis and Performance Optimization of a Medium Duty Gasoline Engine." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 824 (July 1, 2020): 012003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/824/1/012003.

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Long, Jin, Min Tang, Zhaoxia Sun, Yun Liang, and Jian Hu. "Dust Loading Performance of a Novel Submicro-Fiber Composite Filter Medium for Engine." Materials 11, no. 10 (October 19, 2018): 2038. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma11102038.

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Airborne dust can cause engine wear and contribute to engine gas emission. This study developed a novel submicro-fiber filter medium to provide protection to engines against dust. The wet-laid submicro-fiber medium was prepared by a dual-layer paper machine, and its dust loading performance was compared with other filter media during laboratory and field tests. During the laboratory tests, the dust holding capacity of the wet-laid submicro-fiber medium was 48% and 10% higher than that of the standard heavy-duty medium and electrospun submicro-fiber medium, respectively. During the field tests, the pressure drop of the wet-laid submicro-fiber filter was 45% lower than that of the standard heavy-duty filter after 10,000 km of operation. It was found that there were two crucial ways to design a better filter medium for protection against dust. Firstly, the surface loading rather than the depth loading was preferred for dust filtration. The submicro-fiber layer kept large amounts of dust particles from penetrating into the depth of filter medium. Secondly, particles were captured preferably by fibers rather than pores. The unique fibrous structure of the wet-laid submicro-fiber medium made more particle deposition take place on fibers via interception and inertial impaction.
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Hoffmann, Kai, Michael Benz, Marko Weirich, and Hans-Otto Herrmann. "The New Mercedes-Benz Medium Duty Commercial Natural Gas Engine." MTZ worldwide 75, no. 11 (October 2014): 4–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s38313-014-0251-4.

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Latyshev, A. P., R. I. Alibekov, P. V. Klishin, V. V. Shulgin, V. N. Konoplev, and V. D. Sekerin. "Development of new gas engines that meet Euro-5 standards for medium duty trucks based on ZIL V-engine." Izvestiya MGTU MAMI 9, no. 3-5 (October 10, 2015): 41–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/2074-0530-67010.

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The paper is devoted to development of new gas engines that meet Euro-5 standards for ecologi- cal safety of transport with the possibility of their use in medium duty trucks for urban transporta- tion, small buses, as well as for urban municipal vehicles with low noise levels. The prototype for development of engines was adopted 8-cylinder petrol engine ZIL-508400 with multiport fuel injec-tion.
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Gangopadhyay, Anupam, and Peter Meckl. "Modeling and Validation of a Lean Burn Natural Gas Engine." Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control 123, no. 3 (May 19, 1998): 425–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1386790.

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In this paper, a control-oriented model of a medium-duty throttle-body natural gas engine is developed. The natural gas engine uses lean-burn technology without exhaust gas recirculation (EGR). The dynamic engine model differs from models of gasoline engines by including the natural gas fuel dynamics in the intake manifold. The model is based on a mean value concept and has three state variables: intake manifold pressure, fuel fraction in the intake manifold and the engine rotational speed. The resulting model has been validated in steady-state and transient operation over the usual operating range of the engine between 800 rpm and 2600 rpm with air/fuel ratios ranging between 18.0 and 24.0.
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Zheng, Hongpeng, Yulong Lei, and Pengxiang Song. "Designing the main controller of auxiliary braking systems for heavy-duty vehicles in nonemergency braking conditions." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 232, no. 9 (May 7, 2017): 1605–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406217706386.

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With the development of the road industry, heavy-duty vehicles now require additional braking power to fulfill their braking requirements. Auxiliary braking systems, which include a hydraulic retarder and an engine brake, can provide additional braking force in nonemergency braking conditions. A water medium retarder is a new type of hydraulic retarder that can convert the kinetic energy of a vehicle into the thermal energy of coolant. This study introduces a novel auxiliary braking system involving a water medium retarder and an engine brake for heavy-duty vehicles. The specific forces of heavy-duty vehicles and the auxiliary braking system are established. The control logic of the novel auxiliary braking system is assigned, and a main controller is designed to dynamically manage the entire braking process. The main controller includes controllers A and B, which handles the engine brake and water medium retarder, respectively. The heavy-duty vehicles dynamic system model is created using MATLAB/Simulink. Upon performance testing, simulation results show that the designed main controller can effectively and rapidly manage the auxiliary braking system, thus satisfying the braking requirements in any nonemergency braking condition. Even when the slope of a road changes, the main controller can extract dynamical forces as well as acceleration parameters and fulfill the braking requirements of vehicles.
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Young, Alex G., Aaron W. Costall, Daniel Coren, and James W. G. Turner. "The Effect of Crankshaft Phasing and Port Timing Asymmetry on Opposed-Piston Engine Thermal Efficiency." Energies 14, no. 20 (October 15, 2021): 6696. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14206696.

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Opposed-piston, two-stroke engines reveal degrees of freedom that make them excellent candidates for next generation, highly efficient internal combustion engines for hybrid electric vehicles and power systems. This article reports simulation results that explore the influence of key control and geometrical parameters, specifically crankshaft phasing and intake and exhaust port height-to-stroke ratios, in obtaining best thermal efficiency. A model of a 0.75 L, single-cylinder opposed-piston two-stroke engine is exercised to predict fuel consumption as engine speed, load, crankshaft phasing, intake and exhaust port height-to-stroke ratios, and stoichiometry are varied for medium-duty truck and range extender applications. Under stoichiometric operation, optimal crankshaft phasing is seen at 0–5°, lower than reported in the literature. If stoichiometric operation is not mandated, best fuel consumption is achieved at an air-to-fuel equivalence ratio λ = 1.25 and 5–10° crankshaft phase angle, enabling a ~10 g/kWh (~4%) improvement in average brake-specific fuel consumption across medium-duty truck operating points. In range extender form, the engine provides 30 kW output power in accordance with a survey of range extender engines. In this role, there is a clear distinction between low-speed, high-load operation and vice versa. The decision as to which is more appropriate would be based on minimizing total owning and operating cost, itself a trade-off between better thermal efficiency (and thus lower fuel cost) and greater durability.
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Alimin, Ahmad Jais, Muhammad Yusri Ismail, and Shahrul Azmir Osman. "Predicting the Performance and Emissions Characteristics of a Medium Duty Engine Retrofitted with Compressed Natural Gas System Using 1-Dimensional Software." Applied Mechanics and Materials 699 (November 2014): 702–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.699.702.

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The rise of crude oil price and the implications of exhaust emissions to the environment from combustion application call for a new reliable alternative fuel. A potential alternative fuel for compression ignition (C.I.) engine is the compressed natural gas (CNG). For C.I. engines to operate using CNG, or to be converted as a retrofitted CNG engine, further modifications are required. Previous works reported loss in brake power (BP) and increase in hydrocarbon (HC) emission for C.I. engine retrofitted with CNG fuelling. Verification of performance characteristics for CNG retrofitted engine through experimental analysis requires high cost and is very time consuming. Thus, a 1-Dimensional simulation software, GT-Power, was introduced in this study to reduce the experimental process and setup. A 4-cylinder medium duty C.I. engine (DE) and CNG retrofitted engine (RE) GT-Power models were used in this simulation work over various operational conditions: low, medium and high load conditions. As compared with DE model, results from RE model showed that RE model achieved an average 4.9% improvement for brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) and loss in BP by 37.3%. For nitrogen oxides (NOX) and carbon dioxides (CO2) RE model predicted reduction of 48.1% (engine mode 1-9) and 33.4% (all engine modes), respectively. Moreover, RE produced 72.4% more carbon monoxide (CO) and 90.3% more HC emission.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Medium Duty Engine"

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Tompkins, Brandon T. "Emissions comparison between petroleum diesel and biodiesel in a medium-duty diesel engine." [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2350.

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Lago, Sari Rafael. "Dual Mode Dual Fuel Combustion: Implementation on a Real Medium Duty Engine Platform." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/165366.

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[ES] Históricamente, el sector del transporte de servicio mediano y pesado ha sido desafiado por las regulaciones de emisiones que se han impuesto a lo largo de los años, lo que requirió intensificar el esfuerzo de investigación con el objetivo de avanzar en el desarrollo tecnológico para ofrecer una opción que cumpla con las normas a un precio similar para el propietario. No obstante, la reciente introducción de la normativa EUVI ha requerido la adición de un complejo sistema de postratamiento, agregando nuevos costes fijos al producto, así como costes operativos con el consumo de urea. Este avance fue necesario debido a la limitación de la combustión diésel convencional que no puede desacoplar las altas emisiones de NOx y la eficiencia. Esta limitación tecnológica ha impulsado la investigación sobre diferentes conceptos de combustión que podrían mantener niveles de eficiencia similares a los de la combustión diésel controlando la formación de emisiones durante el proceso de combustión. Entre las diferentes soluciones que han ido apareciendo a lo largo de los años, se demostró que la Ignición por Compresión Controlada por Reactividad (RCCI por sus siglas en inglés) tiene una ventaja competitiva debido a su mejor controlabilidad, alta eficiencia y bajas emisiones de hollín y NOx. A pesar de sus beneficios, la extensión de RCCI a la operación de mapa completo ha indicado limitaciones importantes como gradientes de presión excesivos a alta carga, o alta inestabilidad de combustión y productos no quemados a baja carga del motor. Recientemente, se introdujo el concepto de combustión Dual-Mode Dual-Fuel (DMDF) como un intento de resolver los inconvenientes de la combustión RCCI manteniendo sus ventajas. Los resultados preliminares obtenidos en un motor mono cilíndrico (SCE por sus siglas en inglés) han demostrado que el DMDF puede alcanzar niveles de eficiencia similares a los de la combustión diésel convencional al mismo tiempo que favorece niveles ultra bajos de hollín y NOx. Si bien, los requisitos de la condición límite son difíciles de encajar en el rango operativo de sistema de gestión de aire, así como inconvenientes como el exceso de HC y CO que aún persiste en la zona de baja y media carga, lo que puede ser un desafío para el sistema de postratamiento. Además, las futuras regulaciones a corto plazo exigirán una reducción del 15 % de las emisiones de CO2 en 2025, reto que la literatura sugiere que no se logrará fácilmente solo mediante la optimización del proceso de combustión. En este sentido, esta tesis tiene como objetivo general la implementación del concepto de combustión DMDF en un motor multicilindro (MCE por sus siglas en inglés) bajo las restricciones de las aplicaciones reales para realizar una combustión limpia y eficiente en el mapa completo a la vez que brinda alternativas para reducir la concentración de HC y CO y lograr un ahorro de CO2. Este objetivo se logra mediante un primer extenso procedimiento de calibración experimental que tiene como objetivo trasladar las pautas de la combustión DMDF del SCE al MCE respetando los límites operativos del hardware original, evaluando su impacto en los resultados de combustión, rendimiento y emisiones en condiciones estacionarias y condiciones de ciclo de conducción. A continuación, se realizan estudios específicos para abordar el problema relacionado con la concentración excesiva de productos no quemados mediante investigaciones experimentales y simulaciones numéricas para comprender las consecuencias del uso de combustibles con diferente reactividad en la eficiencia de conversión del catalizador de oxidación original y su capacidad para lograr emisiones en el escape menores que el límite EUVI. Finalmente, se busca la reducción de CO2 a través de la modificación del combustible, investigando tanto la mejora del proceso de combustión como el equilibrio entre el ciclo de vida del combustible.
[CA] Històricament, el sector del transport de servei mitjà i pesat ha sigut desafiat per les regulacions d'emissions que s'han imposat al llarg dels anys, la qual cosa va requerir intensificar l'esforç d'investigació amb l'objectiu d'avançar en el desenvolupament tecnològic per a oferir una opció que complisca amb les normes a un preu similar per al propietari. No obstant això, la recent introducció de la normativa EUVI ha requerit l'addició d'un complex sistema de postractament, agregant nous costos fixos al producte, així com costos operatius amb el consum d'urea. Aquest avanç va ser necessari a causa de la limitació de la combustió dièsel convencional que no pot desacoblar les altes emissions de NOx i l'eficiència. Aquesta limitació tecnològica ha impulsat la investigació sobre diferents conceptes de combustió que podrien mantindre nivells d'eficiència similars als de la combustió dièsel controlant la formació d'emissions durant el procés de combustió. Entre les diferents solucions que han anat apareixent al llarg dels anys, es va demostrar que la Ignició per Compressió Controlada per Reactivitat (RCCI per les seues sigles en anglés) té un avantatge competitiu a causa de la seua millor controlabilitat, alta eficiència i baixes emissions de sutge i NOx. Malgrat els seus beneficis, l'extensió del RCCI a l'operació de mapa complet ha indicat limitacions importants com a gradients de pressió excessius a alta càrrega, o alta inestabilitat de combustió i productes no cremats a baixa càrrega del motor. Recentment, es va introduir el concepte de combustió Dual-Mode Dual-Fuel (DMDF) com un intent de resoldre els inconvenients de la combustió RCCI mantenint els seus avantatges. Els resultats preliminars obtinguts en un motor mono-cilíndric (SCE per les seues sigles en anglés) han demostrat que el DMDF pot aconseguir nivells d'eficiència similars als de la combustió dièsel convencional al mateix temps que afavoreix nivells ultra baixos de sutge i NOx. Si bé, els requisits de la condició límit són difícils d'encaixar en el rang operatiu de sistema de gestió d'aire, així com inconvenients com l'excés de HC i CO que encara persisteix en la zona de baixa i mitja càrrega, la qual cosa pot ser un desafiament per al sistema de postractament. A més, les futures regulacions a curt termini exigiran una reducció del 15% de les emissions de CO¿ en 2025, repte que la literatura suggereix que no s'aconseguirà fàcilment només mitjançant l'optimització del procés de combustió. En aquest sentit, aquesta tesi té com a objectiu general la implementació del concepte de combustió DMDF en un motor multi-cilindre (MCE per les seues sigles en anglés) sota les restriccions de les aplicacions reals per a realitzar una combustió neta i eficient en el mapa complet alhora que brinda alternatives per a reduir la concentració de HC i CO i aconseguir un estalvi de CO¿. Aquest objectiu s'aconsegueix mitjançant un primer extens procediment de calibratge experimental que té com a objectiu traslladar les pautes de la combustió DMDF del SCE al MCE respectant els límits operatius del motor original, avaluant el seu impacte en els resultats de combustió, rendiment i emissions en condicions estacionàries i condicions de cicle de conducció. A continuació, es realitzen estudis específics per a abordar el problema relacionat amb la concentració excessiva de productes no cremats mitjançant investigacions experimentals i simulacions numèriques per a comprendre les conseqüències de l'ús de combustibles amb diferent reactivitat en l'eficiència de conversió del catalitzador d'oxidació original i la seua capacitat per a aconseguir emissions al tub d'escapament menors que el límit EUVI. Finalment, es busca la reducció de CO2 a través de la modificació del combustible, investigant tant la millora del procés de combustió com l'equilibri entre el cicle de vida del combustible.
[EN] The medium and heavy-duty transport sector was historically challenged by the emissions regulations that were imposed along the years, requiring to step up the research effort aiming at advancing the product development to deliver a normative compliant option at similar price to the owner. Nonetheless, the recent introduction of EUVI normative have required the addition of a complex aftertreatment system, adding new fixed costs to the product as well as operational costs with the urea consumption. This breakthrough was required due to the limitation of the conventional diesel combustion which cannot decouple high NOx emissions and efficiency. This technological limitation has boosted the investigation on different combustion concepts that could maintain similar efficiency levels than the diesel combustion while controlling the emission formation during the combustion process. Among the different solutions that have appeared along the years, Reactivity Controlled Compression Ignition (RCCI) was demonstrated to have a competitive edge due to its better controllability, high efficiency and low soot and NOx emissions. Despite the benefits, the extension of RCCI to full map operation has presented significant limitations, as excessive pressure gradients at high load and high combustion instability and unburned products at low engine load. Recently, Dual-Mode Dual-Fuel (DMDF) combustion concept was introduced as an attempt of solving the drawbacks of the RCCI combustion while maintaining its advantages. The preliminary results obtained in single cylinder engine (SCE) have evidenced that DMDF can achieves similar efficiency levels than those from conventional diesel combustion while promoting ultra-low levels of soot and NOx. Albeit, the boundary condition requirements are hard to fit in the operating range of commercial air management system as well as drawbacks like excessive HC and CO that still persists from low to medium load, which can be a challenge for the aftertreatment system. Moreover, short-term future regulations will demand a 15 % reduction of CO2 emissions in 2025 which was proven in the literature to not be easily achieved only by combustion process optimization. In this sense, this thesis has as general objective the implementation of the DMDF combustion concept in a multi-cylinder engine (MCE) under the restrictions of real applications to realize clean and efficient combustion in the complete map while providing alternatives to reduce the HC and CO concentration and accomplish CO2 savings. This objective is accomplished by means of a first extensive experimental calibration procedure aiming to translate the guidelines of the DMDF combustion from the SCE to the MCE while respecting the operating limits of the stock hardware, assessing its impacts on combustion, performance, and emission results under steady and driving cycle conditions. Next, dedicated studies are performed to address the issue related with the excessive concentration of unburned products by means of experimental investigations and numerical simulations, to understand the consequences of using fuels with different reactivity in the stock oxidation catalyst conversion efficiency and its ability in achieving EUVI tailpipe emissions. Finally, CO2 reduction is explored through fuel modification, investigating both combustion process improvement and well-to-wheel balance as paths to realize CO2 abatement.
This doctoral thesis has been partially supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science Innovation and Universities under the grant:"Ayudas para contratos predoctorales para la formación de doctores" (PRE2018-085043)
Lago Sari, R. (2021). Dual Mode Dual Fuel Combustion: Implementation on a Real Medium Duty Engine Platform [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/165366
TESIS
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Tang, Gong S. M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "The assessment of using SI engines for medium-duty applications." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/111932.

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Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2017.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 57-58).
The price of diesel is projected to go up due to increasing demand. The price differential of diesel and gasoline is accordingly projected to increase. As a consequence of the diesel fuel price premium, a diesel engine must be significantly more efficient in terms of gallon/mile or liter/km, just to make up for the higher fuel cost in the US market. In the truck market, the sales of diesel engine share has been going down continuously for class 4 trucks. The decrease may be driven by high diesel fuel prices. This study is to investigate the applicability and economics of replacing a diesel engine with an SI engine in medium duty class 5 applications, where such a switch may have already began. The Ford F550 is offered with both diesel engine and gasoline engine option. From the Ford website, the price difference between the V-10 gasoline engine and the V-8 turbo diesel engine is more than $15,000, although with different performance (gasoline engine with more power, while diesel engine with more torque). The combination of high diesel fuel price relative to gasoline, and high diesel engine and aftertreatment prices opens an opportunity for a cost-effective, fuel-efficient gasoline medium truck engine. There are two main tools that were used in this study - ADVISOR and GEM (Greenhouse Gas Emissions Model). ADVISOR is a set of model, data, and script text files for use with MATLAB and Simulink. GEM is a vehicle simulation tool developed by EPA for compliance with the proposed greenhouse gas emissions standards and fuel efficiency standards for medium and heavy-duty engines and vehicles. The results from the engine simulations provide insight into the comparison of the usability and economy of using an SI engine and a diesel engine in medium duty trucks.After acquiring fuel consumption through various simulation, analysis of total cost of ownership was conducted for different cases..
by Gong Tang.
S.M.
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Esquivel, Jason. "Performance Characterization of a Medium-Duty Diesel Engine with Bio-Diesel and Petroleum Diesel Fuels." 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2008-12-234.

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In the wake of global warming and fossil fuel depletion, renewed attention has been paid to shifting away from the use of petroleum based fuels. The world?s energy demand is commencing its dependency on alternative fuels. Such alternative fuels in use today consist of bio-alcohols (such as ethanol), hydrogen, biomass, and natural oil/fat derived fuels. However, in this study, the focus will be on the alternative fuel derived from natural oils and fats, namely biodiesel. The following study characterizes the performance of a medium-duty diesel engine fuelled with biodiesel and conventional diesel. The objective is accomplished by taking measurements of manifold pressure and temperature, fuel flow, air flow, and torque. The study first characterizes a John Deere 4.5 liter 4 cylinder direct injection engine with exhaust gas recirculation (EGR), common rail fuel injection, and variable turbo-charging with conventional petroleum diesel to set a reference for comparison. The study then proceeds to characterize the differences in engine performance as a result of using biodiesel relative to conventional diesel. The results show that torque decreases with the use of biodiesel by about 10%. The evaluation of engine performance parameters shows that torque is decreased because of the lower heating value of biodiesel compared to conventional diesel. The insignificant difference between the other performance parameters shows that the ECM demands the same performance of the engine regardless of the fuel being combusted by the engine.
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Song, Hoseok. "Investigation on Nitric Oxide and Soot of Biodiesel and Conventional Diesel using a Medium Duty Diesel Engine." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2012-05-11011.

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Biodiesel has been suggested as an alternative fuel to the petroleum diesel fuel. It beneficially reduces regulated emission gases, but increases NOx (nitric oxide and nitrogen dioxide) Thus, the increase in NOx is the barrier for potential growth of the biodiesel fuel. In general, NOx formation is dominated by flame temperature. Interestingly, soot can play a role as a heat sink as well as a heat transfer media to high temperature gases. Thus, the cooling effect of soot may change the flame temperature and therefore, NOx emissions. In this study, emphasis is placed on the relationship between soot and NO (Nitric oxide) formation. For the experimental study, a metallic fuel additive is used since barium is known to be effective to suppress soot formation during combustion. The barium additive is applied to #2D (Number 2 diesel fuel) by volume basis: 0.1, 0.25 and 0.5 %-v, and to the palm olein oil by 0.25 %-v. All the tests are carried out in a four-cylinder medium duty diesel engine, 4045 DI diesel engine, manufactured by John Deere. For the analysis, an analytical model is used to estimate combustion temperature, NO concentration and soot emissivity. The results show that NO concentration does not have the expected trade-off relation with soot. Rather, NO concentration is found to be more strongly affected by ambient temperature and combustion characteristics than by soot. The results of the analytical model show the reasonable NO estimation and the improvement on temperature calculation. However, the model is not able to explain the detailed changes of soot emissivity by the different fuels since the emissivity correlation is developed empirically for diesel fuel.
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Breen, Jonathan Robert. "Development of Low Temperature Combustion Modes to Reduce Overall Emissions from a Medium-Duty, Four Cylinder Diesel Engine." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2010-08-8250.

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Low temperature combustion (LTC) is an appealing new method of combustion that promises low nitric oxides and soot emissions while maintaining or improving on engine performance. The three main points of this study were to develop and validate an engine model in GT-Power capable of implementing LTC, to study parametrically exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) and injection timing effects on performance and emissions, and to investigate methods to decrease pressure rise rates during LTC operation. The model was validated at nine different operating points, 3 speeds and 3 loads, while the parametric studies were conducted on 6 of the 9 operating points, 3 speeds and 2 loads. The model consists of sections that include: cylinders, ports, intake and exhaust manifolds, EGR system, and turbocharger. For this model, GT-Power calculates the combustion using a multi-zone, quasi-dimensional model and a knock-induced combustion model. The main difference between them is that the multi-zone model is directly injected while the knock model is port injected. A variety of sub models calculate the fluid flow and heat transfer. A parametric study varying the EGR and the injection timing to determine the optimal combination was conducted using the multi-zone model while a parametric study that just varies EGR is carried out using the knock model. The first parametric study showed that the optimal EGR and injection timing combination for the low loads occurred at high levels of EGR (60 percent) and advanced injection timings (30 to 40 crank angle degrees before top dead center). The optimal EGR and injection timing combination for the high loads occurred at low levels of EGR (30 percent to 40 percent) and retarded injection timings (7.5 to 5 crank angle degrees before top dead center). The knock model determined that the ideal EGR ratio for homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) operation varied from 30 percent to 45 percent, depending on the operating condition. Three methods were investigated as possible ways to reduce pressure rise rates during LTC operation. The only feasible method was the multiple injection strategy which provided dramatically reduced pressure rise rates across all EGR levels and injection timings.
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Liechty, Mike P. "Optimization of heavy-duty diesel engine operating parameters at high speed and medium load using [mu]-genetic algorithms." 2004. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/56800724.html.

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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 2004.
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Hardy, William L. "An experimental investigation of advanced diesel combustion strategies for emissions reductions in a heavy-duty diesel engine at high speed and medium load." 2005. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/61106584.html.

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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 2005.
Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 154-157)
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Books on the topic "Medium Duty Engine"

1

International, Mitchell. Mitchell engine performance service & repair: 1998 medium & heavy duty trucks with gasoline engines. San Diego, Calif: Mitchell Repair Information Co., 1998.

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Sean, Bennett, and Erjavec Jack, eds. Medium/heavy duty truck diesel engines. Clifton Park, NY: Delmar/Thomson Learning, 2001.

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Engineers, Society of Automotive, and International Congress & Exposition (1989 : Detroit, Mich.), eds. Power boost: Light, medium, and heavy duty engines. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers, 1989.

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Medium/heavy duty truck engines, fuel & computerized management systems. 4th ed. Clifton Park, NY: Delmar, Cengage Learning, 2013.

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Medium/heavy duty truck engines, fuel & computerized management systems. 3rd ed. Australia: Thomson/Delmar Learning, 2009.

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Medium/heavy duty truck engines, fuel, and computerized management systems. Albany, N.Y: Delmar Publishers, 1999.

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Medium/heavy duty truck engines, fuel and computerized management systems. 2nd ed. Clifton Park, NY: Thomson/Delmar Learning, 2004.

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Mitchells engine performance service & repair: Medium & heavy duty trucks with gasoline engines. San Diego, Calif: Mitchell International, 1994.

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International, Mitchell, ed. Engine performance service & repair--medium & heavy duty trucks with gasoline engines: Includes class "A" motor homes. San Diego, Calif: Mitchell International, 1990.

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Wright, Gus. Medium/Heavy Duty Truck Engines. Pearson Education, Limited, 2014.

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Book chapters on the topic "Medium Duty Engine"

1

Braun, Christian, Alexander Rieß, Peter Böhm, Hauke Lund, and Klaus Eder. "The new MAN 175D high‑speed engine – synthesis of commercial and medium‑speed engine development." In Heavy-Duty-, On- und Off-Highway-Motoren 2017, 151–64. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-21029-8_9.

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Ehrly, Markus, Joschka Schaub, Korbinian Vogt, Farouk Odeim, Bernd Lindemann, Stefan Wedowski, and Matthias Kötter. "Dedicated diesel range extender engine for medium-duty delivery trucks." In Proceedings, 201–19. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-26528-1_12.

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Queck, Dirk, and Olaf Erik Herrmann. "Next steps towards EGR-only concept for medium-duty industrial engine." In Proceedings, 555–72. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-17109-4_37.

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Thigale, Swapnil, M. N. Kumar, Yogesh Aghav, Nitin Gokhale, and Uday Gokhale. "Design and Analysis Aspects of Medium and Heavy-Duty Engine Crankcase." In Energy, Environment, and Sustainability, 427–65. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0970-4_12.

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Urmann, Gerhard. "The new Mercedes-Benz EU VI medium-duty CNG engine in bus operation." In Proceedings, 519–33. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-12918-7_40.

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Schleef, Karsten, Björn Henke, Sebastian Cepelak, Bert Buchholz, and Martin Theile. "Analysis and Optimisation of the Combustion Process on a Medium-Speed Dual-Fuel Single-Cylinder Research Engine Using Highly Fluctuating Fuel Gas Qualities." In Heavy-Duty-, On- und Off-Highway-Motoren 2021, 58–72. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-38105-9_5.

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McGlothlin, Shawn. "Development of Glycerin (1,2,3-propanetriol)-based Antifreeze With Advanced Nitrite-Free Carboxylate Inhibitors for Light-, Medium-, and Heavy-Duty Engine Cooling Systems." In ASTM Symposium on Global Testing of Extended Service Engine Coolants and Related Fluids, 96–118. 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959: ASTM International, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/stp155620130065.

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Henke, Björn, Karsten Schleef, Bert Buchholz, Sascha Andree, Egon Hassel, Marius Hoff, and Robert Graumüller. "Pilot injection strategies for medium-speed dual fuel engines." In Heavy-Duty-, On- und Off-Highway-Motoren 2017, 115–35. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-21029-8_7.

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Konrad, Johannes, Thomas Lauer, Mathias Moser, Enrico Lockner, and Jianguo Zhu. "Investigation of the cylinder cut-out for medium-speed dual-fuel engines." In Heavy-Duty-, On- und Off-Highway-Motoren 2017, 209–24. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-21029-8_14.

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Wloka, Johann, Thomas Klaua, Armin Weber, Stefan Kern, André Hauschild, Wolfgang Wagner, and Ludwig Maier. "Continuous development of common rail injection technology for medium-speed 4-stroke diesel engines." In Heavy-Duty-, On- und Off-Highway-Motoren 2015, 123–38. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-21583-5_9.

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Conference papers on the topic "Medium Duty Engine"

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Perfetto, Anthony, Karthik Kameshwaran, Samuel C. Geckler, Rohit Zope, Carlos Lana, and Govindarajan Kothandaraman. "Ethanol Optimized Powertrain for Medium Duty Trucks." In ASME 2014 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icef2014-5601.

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This paper includes a detailed description of an optimized E85 concept engine developed for medium duty applications (Class 4-6 trucks) targeting ultra-low carbon emissions while maintaining power and delivering competitive cost of ownership. The engine is a light weight, downsized and boosted in-line 4 cylinder with air handling, fuel, and combustion systems designed specifically for E85 capability, producing high brake mean effective pressure (BMEP) at high thermal efficiency. It is integrated with a 12V start/stop system including a smart alternator for improved energy management. The present work demonstrates that even with the relative difference in the cost per heating value of fuel, using E85 can be upwards of 20% lower in cost while running middle to high loads. Combining high BMEP capability and a highly downsized engine displacement can ensure operation at high specific load where engine thermal efficiency is very good even in pickup-and-delivery type drive cycles. The performance characteristics of this engine were mapped using stoichiometric combustion and a three way catalyst for emissions control. The ability to perform at or close to Maximum Brake Torque (MBT) spark timing throughout the torque curve has been facilitated by an optimized combustion system design along with direct injection. The high engine thermal efficiency and knock tolerance of this combustion system eliminates the need for fuel enrichment anywhere in the engine map.
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Rengarajan, Saradhi, Zhun Liu, Chloe Lerin, John Stetter, Vikas Narang, and Carlos Lana. "LPG Direct Injection Engine for Medium Duty Trucks." In Commercial Vehicle Engineering Congress. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2020-01-5008.

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Lerman, Pedro, Roland Ruch, and Rómulo Almeida. "Fully Nitrided Valves for Medium and Heavy Duty Engines." In ASME 2013 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icef2013-19049.

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For certain applications in the world of internal combustion engines (ICE), it has been found that nitrided valves have a better performance against wear than those which are seat hard faced and chrome plated. This alternative has not been significantly explored in the Medium Duty (MD) and Heavy Duty (HD) markets. Fully nitrided MD/HD valves, mostly hard faceless, would be less expensive than chromed ones. They may become a cost effective product with better tribological performance, higher fatigue strength and improved resistance to thermal shock. In addition to this, a proper selection of the counterpart materials, those of the valve seat insert (VSI) and the valve guide (VG) will have a synergetic effect on the valve set performance, also leading to its cost improvement. Not less important is the replacement of the well-known salt bath nitriding by the gas nitriding technique, an environmentally friendly process that maintains valve performance with the advantage of employing a lower nitriding temperature providing a higher tip end and seat hardness combined with a lower distortion level in the final product. The aim of this work is to present the development and introduction of fully nitrided valves as a reliable solution for nowadays MD/HD applications. It is based on a deep process and product validation including the development of the gas nitriding process, wear, fatigue and engine tests.
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Clark, Nigel, Christopher M. Atkinson, David L. McKain, Ralph D. Nine, and Laila El-Gazzar. "Speciation of Hydrocarbon Emissions from a Medium Duty Diesel Engine." In International Congress & Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/960322.

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Knight, Bryan M., Joshua A. Bittle, and Timothy J. Jacobs. "Biodiesel Imposed System Responses in a Medium-Duty Diesel Engine." In SAE 2010 World Congress & Exhibition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2010-01-0565.

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Dewis, David W. "ICR350: A Turbine Solution for Medium and Heavy Duty Vehicles." In ASME 2011 Turbo Expo: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2011-45945.

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This paper briefly reviews automotive gas turbine history, examines the factors that influence engine selection, and introduces the ICR350 intercooled-recuperated gas turbine, an engine designed for Medium and Heavy Duty Vehicles, (MHDV). After turbines successfully displaced reciprocating engines from aircraft in the 1950’s, it was widely believed that they would rapidly penetrate the vehicular market. With the promise of low cost and simplicity all major automotive companies had aggressive turbine programs. But what began as a sprint became a marathon. Of the many that started, just a few managed to reach the finish line, only to be defeated by revised emissions legislation and the unforeseen energy crisis. The DOE continued funding automotive turbine development and transitioned from mechanical to hybrid drivetrain solutions. Ultimately, and somewhat serendipitously, microturbines were developed from range extender engines conceived as battery chargers in the Hybrid Vehicle program. Most recently, the Advanced Microturbine Systems program, AMTS, is responsible for technologies leveraged in ICRTec’s next generation vehicular turbine. Today battery technology has advanced sufficiently for low daily use vehicles and collection or delivery vehicles with regenerative braking. With its low power density, this same technology does not work for MHDV’s, a sector dominated by diesel engines. Emissions compliance is placing heavy cost and performance penalties on incumbent diesel engines, and the recently proposed MHDV efficiency legislation will only exacerbate the situation. After 40 years it appears that externalities, coupled with advances in turbomachinery, now favor a gas turbine solution.
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Takiguchi, Masaaki, Shoichi Furuhama, Takayuki Suzuki, and Makoto Tsujita. "Combustion Improvement of Liquid Hydrogen Fueled Engine for Medium-Duty Trucks." In SAE International Congress and Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/870535.

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Tompkins, Brandon T., Jason Esquivel, and Timothy J. Jacobs. "Performance Parameter Analysis of a Biodiesel-Fuelled Medium Duty Diesel Engine." In SAE World Congress & Exhibition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2009-01-0481.

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Hanson, Reed, Ashwin Salvi, Fabien Redon, and Gerhard Regner. "Experimental Comparison of GCI and Diesel Combustion in a Medium-Duty Opposed-Piston Engine." In ASME 2018 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icef2018-9701.

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The Achates Power Inc. (API) Opposed Piston (OP) Engine architecture provides fundamental advantages that increase thermal efficiency over current poppet valve 4 stroke engines. In this paper, combustion performance of diesel and gasoline compression ignition (GCI) combustion in a medium duty, OP engine are shown. By using GCI, NOx and/or soot reductions can be seen compared to diesel combustion at similar or increased thermal efficiencies. The results also show that high combustion efficiency can be achieved with GCI combustion with acceptable noise and stability over the same load range as diesel combustion in an OP engine.
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Lerin, Chloé, Scott Curran, Melanie Moses-DeBusk, Adian Cook, Vicente Boronat Colomer, Brian Kaul, and Dean Deter. "Hardware-in-the-Loop Investigation of Emissions Challenges in Hybrid Medium- and Heavy-Duty Powertrains Using a Pre-Production Diesel-Electric Parallel Hybrid System With and Without Stop-Start Operation." In ASME 2021 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icef2021-68317.

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Abstract Hybrid electric powertrains are a growing market in medium- and heavy-duty applications. There is a lack of available information to understand the challenges in the integration of engine platforms into electrified powertrains, such as cold-start, restart, and load-reduction effects on emissions and emission control devices. Results from the Heavy Heavy-Duty Diesel Truck (HHDDT) cycle using a conventional medium-duty diesel engine were compared with those of a parallel hybrid architecture. Oak Ridge National Laboratory in collaboration with the US Department of Energy and Odyne Systems, LLC developed a powertrain in a hardware-in-the-loop environment, integrating the Odyne Systems, LLC medium-duty parallel hybrid system, which was used for the hybrid portion of this study. Experiments under the HHDDT cycle showed increasing improvements in fuel consumption and engine-out emissions with the integration of stop/start, hybrid, and hybrid with stop/start. However, the effects of load reduction and exhaust temperature on the thermal management strategy have shown an increase in fueling in the second part of the HHDDT cycle. Four configurations of medium-duty electrification were studied and contributed to building a unique data set containing combustion, emissions, and system integration data. Each electrification level was compared with the conventional baseline. The calibration of the conventional engine was not altered for this study. Opportunities to tailor the combustion process were identified with the stop/start strategy.
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Reports on the topic "Medium Duty Engine"

1

Podnar, D. J., and J. T. Kubesh. Development of the next generation medium-duty natural gas engine. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/753777.

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Chambon, Paul H., and Dean D. Deter. Powertrain Test Procedure Development for EPA GHG Certification of Medium- and Heavy-Duty Engines and Vehicles. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1295141.

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Chan, A. K. Ignition assist systems for direct-injected, diesel cycle, medium-duty alternative fuel engines: Final report phase 1. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/753778.

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Investigation of the Relative Performance of Vaned and Vaneless Mixed Flow Turbines for Medium and Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine Applications with Pulse Exhaust Systems. SAE International, April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2021-01-0644.

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This paper details results of a numerical and experimental investigation into the relative performance of vaned and vaneless mixed flow turbines for application to medium and heavy-duty diesel engines utilizing pulse exhaust systems. Previous investigations into the impact of nozzle vanes on turbine performance considered only open turbine housings, whereas a majority of medium and heavy-duty diesel engine applications are six-cylinder engines using pulse exhaust systems with divided turbines. The two turbine stages for this investigation were carefully designed to meet the constraints of engines with pulse exhaust systems and to control confounding factors that would undermine the vaned vs vaneless performance comparison. Detailed CFD analysis and turbine dynamometer test results confirm a significant efficiency advantage for the vaned turbine stage under both full and partial admission conditions.
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Advanced Petroleum-Based Fuels - Diesel Emissions Project (APBF-DEC): 2,000-Hour Performance of a NOx Adsorber Catalyst and Diesel Particle Filter System for a Medium-Duty, Pick-Up Diesel Engine Platform; Final Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/901862.

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