Relevant bibliographies by topics / Medicine Australia Examinations

Academic literature on the topic 'Medicine Australia Examinations'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Medicine Australia Examinations"

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Hoffman, Kenneth R., Christopher P. Nickson, Anna T. Ryan, and Stuart Lane. "Too hot to handle? Assessing the validity and reliability of the College of Intensive Care Medicine "Hot Case" examination." Critical Care and Resuscitation 24, no. 1 (March 7, 2022): 87–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.51893/2022.1.r.

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The College of Intensive Care Medicine of Australia and New Zealand is responsible for credentialling trainees for specialist practice in intensive care medicine for the safety of patients and the community. This involves defining trainees' performance standards and testing trainees against those standards to ensure safe practice. The second part examination performed towards the end of the training program is a high-stakes assessment. The two clinical "Hot Cases" performed in the examination have a low pass rate, with most candidates failing at least one of the cases. There is increasing expectation for medical specialist training colleges to provide fair and transparent assessment processes to enable defensible decisions regarding trainee progression. Examinations are a surrogate marker of clinical performance with advantages, disadvantages and inevitable compromises. This article evaluates the Hot Case examination using Kane's validity framework and van der Vleuten's utility equation, and identifies issues with validity and reliability which could be managed through an ongoing improvement process.
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Jones, Kay, Ruby Biezen, Bronwyn Beovich, and Oliver van Hecke. "Chaperones for intimate examinations in family medicine: findings from a pilot study in Melbourne, Australia." Medicine, Science and the Law 55, no. 1 (January 29, 2014): 6–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0025802413518318.

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Winspur, I. "Arm Pain without Physical Findings: Medicine Vs the Law?" Journal of Hand Surgery 26, no. 5 (October 2001): 409–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1054/jhsb.2000.0517.

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Arm pain without physical findings occurring in association with light repetitive work has been with us from the time man developed factories but has become controversial since a number of reported cases in Australia in 1983. It remains a highly contentious and medically confused area. Claims for compensation for the condition against employers have been firmly rejected by courts in Australia and the USA, but large awards continue to be made in UK courts. The reason for this difference lies in recent changes in British Law and court procedure and British courts now seem to recognize this nebulous clinical condition as representing a compensable injury. In this situation, therefore, physicians must be meticulous in their examinations and record keeping. In addition, they must only use specific diagnoses when irrefutable clinical signs or confirmatory special investigation results are present and must be guarded in loose talk or discussion about “causation”.
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Higgins, Niall S., Kersi Taraporewalla, Michael Steyn, Rajesh Brijball, and Marcus Watson. "Workforce education issues for international medical graduate specialists in anaesthesia." Australian Health Review 34, no. 2 (2010): 246. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah09793.

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International medical graduate (IMG) specialists in anaesthesia need education to be part of the assessment process for pre-registration college fellowship. Fellowship of the anaesthetic college is required in Australia for registration as a specialist in this field. Marked differences exist between local trainees and IMG specialists in terms of training, stakes of the exam and isolation of practice. We have examined the reasons for the low pass rate for IMG specialists compared to the local trainees in the Australian and New Zealand College of Anaesthetists (ANZCA) final fellowship examinations. We also offer an IMG specialists’ view of this perceived problem. It highlights their difficulties in obtaining adequate supervision and education. What is known about the topic?There has been a worldwide shortage of doctors over the last decade. In Australia this shortage has been attributed to government policy in the 1990s limiting the number of medical school places. Other factors that may have contributed to this shortage are changes in the practice of medicine, increasing specialisation, growth in population and patterns of population settlement at the coastal fringes of Australia. The use of international medical graduates and reliance on them is associated with several problems and challenges. A key factor relates to their performance at a standard acceptable to the country. What does the paper add?This paper offers an examination of the issues that present to IMG specialists located at rural and remote areas of Australia. The global aim of this study is to understand the workforce education issues that present to IMG specialists as a basis for supporting this group, having migrated to Australia, to better prepare for assessment of their practice in this country. Results of a survey of IMG specialists in Anaesthesia are included to contribute to an overall view. It highlights their understanding of the issues that present when preparing for specialist assessments. What are the implications for practitioners?This information will be useful for policy practitioners who determine critical elements that influence workforce planning and education support. Decision makers will be able to make more informed decisions on the need to integrate education into planning for workforce efficiencies. There are currently no published data explaining why the pass rate for IMG specialist in anaesthesia is so different from local trainees and this paper also offers a viewpoint of present issues from those who are attempting these examinations.
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Taylor, Silas, Matthew Haywood, and Boaz Shulruf. "Comparison of the effects of simulated patient clinical skill training and student roleplay on objective structured clinical examination performance among medical students in Australia." Journal of Educational Evaluation for Health Professions 16 (January 11, 2019): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.3352/jeehp.2019.16.3.

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Purpose: Optimal methods for communication skills training (CST) are an active research area, but the effects of CST on communication performance in objective structured clinical examinations (OSCEs) has not been closely studied. Student roleplay (RP) for CST is common, although volunteer simulated patient (SP) CST is cost-effective and provides authentic interactions. We assessed whether our volunteer SP CST program improved OSCE performance compared to our previous RP strategy. Methods: We performed a retrospective, quasi-experimental study of 2 second-year medical student cohorts’ OSCE data in Australia. The 2014 cohort received RP-only CST (N=182) while the 2016 cohort received SP-only CST (N=148). The t-test and analysis of variance were used to compare the total scores in 3 assessment domains: generic communication, clinical communication, and physical examination/procedural skills. Results: The baseline characteristics of groups (scores on the Australian Tertiary Admission Rank, Undergraduate Medicine and Health Sciences Admission Test, and medicine program interviews) showed no significant differences between groups. For each domain, the SP-only CST group demonstrated superior OSCE outcomes, and the difference between cohorts was significant (P<0.01). The superiority of volunteer SP CST over student RP CST in terms of OSCE performance outcomes was found for generic communication, clinical communication, and physical examination/procedural skills. Conclusion: The better performance of the SP cohort in physical examination/procedural skills might be explained by the requirement for patient compliance and cooperation, facilitated by good generic communication skills. We recommend a volunteer SP program as an effective and efficient way to improve CST among junior medical students.
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Malek, Sharafat, and Md Humayun Kabir Talukder. "Medical Migration: a review on the licensing process for International Medical Graduates in Australia and other destinations." Bangladesh Journal of Medical Education 9, no. 1 (April 2, 2018): 26–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjme.v9i1.36236.

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Movement of health care professionals, nationally or internationally, has now become a common trend worldwide. International recruitment of efficient physicians is an ongoing process for years although some studies have identified this culture as an issue.10-11 Waves of migration to popularly Australia under ‘Skilled Migration’ and other categories started in Bangladesh in early 1970, which have been ongoing since then.1 Among over thirty thousands of such migrants living in the popularly Australian States2; the medical graduates from Bangladesh are identified through their associations/forum made in each State as well as from the data on their participation in the re-accreditation examinations.3-4, 7-8 A lack of pre-migration awareness on social and academic barriers in the host country has been found far more common in the Australian International Medical Graduates’ (IMGs) studies published before 20045. Poor knowledge on the hurdles may affect IMGs’ post-migration coping or adjustment process. Fortunately, internet facilities are widely available so, modern IMGs no more need to rely on information from relatives, friends or high commission/embassy people. Yet, full access to career and job related journals could still be out of reach for many IMGs. Updated clear knowledge around licenselegislation at the destination would help IMGs gaining smoother transition whilst preparing to build the same career, albeit in a different system. This review article at first presents the background behind strict regulations on permitting the IMGs to practise in major destinations. It then progresses with reviewing these regulations in the developed countries including Australia. Following that a detailed summary has been made on the Australian regulations. Available literature6-8 demonstrates a large discrepancy between IMGs’ success rates in the knowledge and practical part of the licensing (Australian Medical Council) process (i.e. 80% vs. 42% in case of Bangladeshi-IMGs). Therefore, this paper has properly discussed the nature and structure of the practical (AMC-Clinical) examination incorporating examples. Useful web-links on Australian IMGs’ accreditation preparation, permanent migration and finding medical jobs have been provided at relevant sections. Finally, a recommendation has been made to teach 3rd-year medical students on this important area under the ‘Community Medicine’ curriculum in Bangladesh.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Education Vol.9(1) 2018: 26-34
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MOORE, E., and M. G. O'CALLAGHAN. "Helminths of dogs and cats determined by faecal examinations in Adelaide, South Australia." Australian Veterinary Journal 62, no. 6 (June 1985): 198–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-0813.1985.tb07297.x.

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Benmessaoud, M., A. Housni, M. Elmabrouki, F. Essasnaoui, N. Sadiki, A. Dadouch, and A. Labzour. "DERIVATION OF LOCAL DIAGNOSTIC REFERENCE LEVELS FOR COMMON ADULT COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY EXAMINATIONS IN MOROCCAN HOSPITAL." Radiation Protection Dosimetry 194, no. 4 (May 2021): 208–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncab095.

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Abstract The purpose was to derive local diagnostic reference levels (LDRLs) for adults common computed tomography (CT) examinations in Moroccan hospital. The data of patients were collected retrospectively from one facility for 2 months period. The proposed LDRLs were defined as 75th percentile of spreads for CT dose index-volume (CTDIvol) and dose length product (DLP). Findings were compared with diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) of France, Australia and Egypt. A total of 259 cases were enrolled including 53% of male and 47% of female. The corresponding LDRLs in terms of CTDIvol (mGy) were 58, 15, 15 and 14 for head, chest, abdomen–pelvis and chest–abdomen–pelvis CT examinations, respectively. For DLP (mGy.cm) were 1298, 944, 1874 and 2026, respectively. The proposed LDRLs for CTDIvol were almost similar to DRLs of Australia, higher than those of France and lower than Egyptian DRLs. In terms of DLP, LDRLs were higher than compared studies with exception of head CT, which were lower and higher for CTDIvol than Egyptian DRLs. The results highlight higher radiation doses during adult CT scans, indicating the need to spread the same investigation regarding other imaging procedures including different radiological examinations across Moroccan hospitals.
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Howe, Katrina, Siobhan Bourke, and Lloyd Sansom. "The extent to which off-patent registered prescription medicines are used for off-label indications in Australia: A scoping review." PLOS ONE 16, no. 12 (December 3, 2021): e0261022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0261022.

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Aim The aim of this scoping review was to determine the extent of off-patent prescription medicine use beyond registered indications in various Australian clinical settings. Method The review followed the Joanna Briggs Institute approach and reported using PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews. Online databases were used to identify published literature about off-patent registered prescription medicines used for off-label indications in Australian public hospital, community and primary healthcare settings. In addition, empirical data from the Queensland and the South Australian state-wide medicine formularies were screened for the same medication/off-label indication dyads identified in the literature, and other locally approved uses. Results Overall, fourteen studies were included, conducted in public hospitals (n = 11), palliative care units (n = 2) and the community setting (n = 1). There were 213 reports extracted from the literature describing off-patent registered prescription medicines used for off-label indications, representing 128 unique medication/off-label indication dyads and 32 different medicines. Of these, just five medication/off-label indication dyads were approved for use on both the Queensland and South Australian state-wide medicine formularies, with 12 others only approved for use in Queensland and 16 others only approved for use in South Australia. Further examination of these state-wide formularies demonstrated that the use of off-patent registered prescription medicines beyond registered indications is more extensive than has been reported to date in the literature. There were 28 additional medication/off-label indication dyads approved on the Queensland state-wide medicine formulary and 14 such examples approved for use in South Australia. Of these, just two medication/off-label indication dyads were approved for use on both formularies. Conclusion The extent to which off-patent registered prescription medicines have been repurposed in clinical settings for off-label indications in Australia is greater than previously reported in the literature. Usage and funded availability of certain medication/off-label indication dyads, varies across Australia. These results further expose the two tiered system of medicines regulation in Australia, and its impact on equity of access to medicines. Further research is required to support policy change to encourage submission of registration updates for off-patent prescription medicines.
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Chong, Lauren, Silas Taylor, Matthew Haywood, Barbara-Ann Adelstein, and Boaz Shulruf. "Examiner seniority and experience are associated with bias when scoring communication, but not examination, skills in objective structured clinical examinations in Australia." Journal of Educational Evaluation for Health Professions 15 (July 18, 2018): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3352/jeehp.2018.15.17.

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Purpose: The biases that may influence objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) scoring are well understood, and recent research has attempted to establish the magnitude of their impact. However, the influence of examiner experience, clinical seniority, and occupation on communication and physical examination scores in OSCEs has not yet been clearly established. Methods: We compared the mean scores awarded for generic and clinical communication and physical examination skills in 2 undergraduate medicine OSCEs in relation to examiner characteristics (gender, examining experience, occupation, seniority, and speciality). The statistical significance of the differences was calculated using the 2-tailed independent t-test and analysis of variance. Results: Five hundred and seventeen students were examined by 237 examiners at the University of New South Wales in 2014 and 2016. Examiner gender, occupation (academic, clinician, or clinical tutor), and job type (specialist or generalist) did not significantly impact scores. Junior doctors gave consistently higher scores than senior doctors in all domains, and this difference was statistically significant for generic and clinical communication scores. Examiner experience was significantly inversely correlated with generic communication scores. Conclusion: We suggest that the assessment of examination skills may be less susceptible to bias because this process is fairly prescriptive, affording greater scoring objectivity. We recommend training to define the marking criteria, teaching curriculum, and expected level of performance in communication skills to reduce bias in OSCE assessment.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Medicine Australia Examinations"

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Li, Jie. "An examination of a structural equation model of readiness to complementary and alternative medicine use among Australian university students." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/2874.

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Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2005.
Thesis research directed by: Public and Community Health. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Kennedy, Steven. "The production of health : an examination of the economic determinants of health." Phd thesis, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/146064.

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Lu, Christine Yi-Ju Medical Sciences Faculty of Medicine UNSW. "An examination of systems of access to important high cost medicines: a critical analysis of the nationally subsidised scheme of access to tumour necrosis factor inhibitors in Australia." 2007. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/40579.

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Background: Access to " high-cost medicines" under Australia's Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS) is characterised by strict eligibility criteria. The PBS access scheme for the anti-rheumatic biologicals (etanercept, infliximab, and adalimumab) was examined for concordance with Australia?s National Medicines Policy. Methods: Semi-structured interviews with a range of stakeholders were conducted. National, aggregated prescription and expenditure data from Medicare Australia and dispensing data from the Drug Utilisation Sub-Committee were analysed. Access to biologicals was also examined from an ethical perspective. Results: Interviewees agreed that controlled access to high-cost medicines was broadly equitable and practical but specific concerns included: timeliness of access; bureaucracy of the process; contentious cases of individual patients being denied access; insufficient patient information; the quantum of resources required to administer the access scheme; inadequate stakeholder consultation. The access requirement of a history of failure of conventional anti-rheumatic drugs was supported. Recommendations included proactive review of the access criteria and outcomes; greater transparency and formal stakeholder involvement to increase public confidence in the definition of " target patient population" and a formal appeal mechanism to increase the fairness and accountability of the PBS. Establishment of an appeal mechanism is supported by " accountability for reasonableness" framework grounded in procedural justice. Data needed to examine the health outcomes associated with the use of biologicals on a national level was not easily available. This shortcoming is discordant with National Medicines Policy. Utilisation of biologicals over the first two years of PBS-subsidy was conservative but with considerable variability across States and Territories (an 8-fold difference between the jurisdictions), usage roughly correlating with access to rheumatologists. Introduction of PBS-subsidised biologicals did not alter the trends in utilisation of non-biological anti-rheumatic drugs. Conclusions: This research suggests that policy-makers focus upon: explicitly considering ethical principles and formally involving stakeholders when developing policies on access to high-cost medicines; improving communication and providing information based on increased transparency; and establishing formal mechanisms for review of and appeals against PBS decisions. The comprehensive evaluation of medicine use and outcomes post-subsidy is critical for the future of the PBS. The National Medicines Policy has proved a useful framework for evaluating this access scheme.
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Books on the topic "Medicine Australia Examinations"

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Chrissy, Collins, Slattery Carolyn, and Victoria. Dept. of Education, eds. An Australian perspective on health and human development: VCE units 1 & 2. Melbourne, VIC: Cambridge Univervisy Press, 2007.

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Gleadle, Jonathan, Tuck Yong, Surjit Tarafdar, Danielle Wu, and Jordan Li. Passing the FRACP Written Examination: Questions and Answers. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2013.

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Gleadle, Jonathan, Tuck Yong, Surjit Tarafdar, Danielle Wu, and Jordan Li. Passing the FRACP Written Examination: Questions and Answers. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2013.

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Gleadle, Jonathan, Tuck Yong, Surjit Tarafdar, Danielle Wu, and Jordan Li. Passing the FRACP Written Examination: Questions and Answers. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2013.

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Passing The Fracp Written Examination Questions And Answers. John Wiley & Sons Inc, 2013.

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Wearne, Susan. Clinical Cases for GP Exams. McGraw-Hill Australia, 2015.

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Goodacre, Sonia, Chrissy Collins, and Carolyn Slattery. Cambridge VCE Health and Human Development, Units 3 and 4. Cambridge University Press, 2013.

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Examination Intensive Care Medicine. Churchill Livingstone, 2011.

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Goodacre, Sonia, Chrissy Collins, and Carolyn Slattery. An Australian Perspective on Health and Human Development: VCE Units 1&2. Cambridge University Press, 2007.

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Book chapters on the topic "Medicine Australia Examinations"

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Lin, Chad, and Geoffrey Jalleh. "Key Issues and Challenges for Managing and Evaluating B2B E-Commerce Projects within the Australian Pharmaceutical Supply Chain." In Pharmacoinformatics and Drug Discovery Technologies, 54–71. IGI Global, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-0309-7.ch005.

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The use of Business-to-Business (B2B) e-commerce within the Australian pharmaceutical supply chain can potentially assist in setting up an infrastructure which supports complex, multiparty Internet-based trading and transactions among pharmaceutical manufacturers, wholesalers, hospitals, pharmacies, medical supply importers and exporters, and other players in the healthcare system. Effective use of B2B e-commerce can help these organizations reduce costs in supplying and distributing medicines and other medical-related products to the general public. However, despite high expectations for realizing the benefits of B2B e-commerce in the pharmaceutical supply chain, issues surrounding its evaluation and management remain poorly understood and relatively under-researched. This chapter presents case study findings on key management and evaluation issues and challenges in adopting and utilizing B2B e-commerce systems on eight pharmaceutical organizations in Australia. The key objectives of this study are: (1) to establish current practices and norms in evaluating B2B e-commerce investments and projects in the pharmaceutical industry; and (2) to identify key B2B e-commerce management issues and challenges within the Australian pharmaceutical supply chain. A key contribution of this chapter is the identification and examination of key issues and challenges faced by the pharmaceutical organizations undertaking B2B e-commerce activities within their supply chain. The findings will guide senior executives in these organizations to develop their own approaches or strategies to manage the opportunities and threats that exist in the Australian pharmaceutical supply chain.
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Conference papers on the topic "Medicine Australia Examinations"

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Moura, Ludmila Sandy Alves, André Taumaturgo Cavalcanti Arruda, and Mário Luciano de Melo Silva Júnior. "Parallels between neurologist training in Brazil and in other countries." In XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.534.

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Introduction: Neurology training involves practice in infirmaries and outpatient clinics in several subspecialties, as well as training in procedures and examinations. The analysis of Medical Residency Programs (MRPs) in Neurology in other countries is important to identify points of contrast and similarities as a way to keep the national training equivalent to other countries. Objectives: To analyze the duration and characteristics of the training of neurology physicians in Brazil and other countries. Methods: Cross-sectional study by active search on official web pages of governments and organizations/entities representing neurologists from 12 countries: Australia, Portugal, Italy, Greece, India, USA, Canada, Puerto Rico, Argentina, Chile, Uruguay, and Colombia. Information was obtained on the duration of medical school and residency, as well as the characteristics of this. Results: The duration of medical school was 4 to 7 years (median: 6; IIQ: 0.5). Duration in neurology was 3 to 6 years (median: 4; IIQ:1). Developed countries have a median duration of residency of 4.83 years ± 0.68 years, whereas in developing countries it was 3.66 ±0.47 years. Regarding access, 25% of the countries require a prerequisite. Regarding rotations, those present in most of the programs studied were: neurology outpatient clinic (100%), neuroradiology (83%), neuropediatrics (75%) clinical medicine (58%), psychiatry (58%). Conclusion: We identified differences in the standardization of PRM in Neurology among the countries studied. The duration of Brazilian residency is below the average of the other countries studied, but it includes the required rotations in developed countries.
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