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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Medical'
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1
Nash, Lucilla A. D. "An analysis of the utilization of selected prescribed medical services by Medicaid and Medicare recipients." DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 1989. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/dissertations/3754.
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The purpose of the study is to analyze the difference in the utilization of prescribed medications by Medicaid and Medicare recipients. This study examines problems many individuals in longterm care facilities face, when they are medicare recipients and unable to receive medical care which is as adequate as those who are beneficiaries of Medicaid. This study involved thirty residents, divided equally into two groups. They resided in a small long-term care facility located in Fulton County (Georgia). Findings revealed that Medicare recipients tend to visit their health providers less frequently, purchase fewer prescribed medications, and therefore, receive less adequate medical care than Medicaid recipients.
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Harvey, Janet. "Behind the medical mask : medical technology and medical power." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1992. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/36139/.
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This thesis explores the role of technology as a resource in the structure of medical domination of birth and death, stressing technology's pivotal position at the intersection of control and uncertainty. Based in Intensive Care and Obstetrics (between which the health status of patients diverges sharply), it notes the convergence of technology used and examines the contest for control within the labour process. This includes using technology to facilitate a 'standardized' birth or death; a more retrospectively defensible event. In general, the 'burden of proof' is concluded to lie with those wishing not to intervene rather than the reverse. Given the (cognitively male) biomedical model, mind-body dualism is an assumption embedded in medical technology: this is especially significant in childbirth, where it fractures the woman's ontological experience of giving birth. Its positivistic and pathological emphasis is associated with a reification of processes and a commodification of their 'solution': which becomes located in technology. It is argued that commodification in health provision will increase with the further application of market principles to the NHS. It is concluded that 'uncertainty', endemic to medicine and a possible challenge to control, is proactively manipulated and pressed into the service of medical domination. Technology is used to mask uncertainty and aid the medical profession's control of patients/relatives, and subordinate work groups. A technological fix may be viewed as the opposite to re-discovering societal dreams and myths, however, more paradoxically, it is concluded that dreams and myths have become attached to technology. Thus, the symbolic role of technology is: to provide hope of continued survival (or cure), the veiling of existential uncertainty and the offer of 'absolution' - should all efforts fail (a freedom from guilt in the assurance that "everything possible was tried"). Its 'heroic' project is viewed as an existentially 'masculine' health provision and 'feminized' health care is posited as an alternative.
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SadegiI, Nava, and Nava SadegiI. "Advances in Electronic Medical Records: Iris Medical." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625141.
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Iris Medical is a SaaS platform for EMTs and Paramedics. We have streamlined the patient care
report system, allowing our users to quickly, accurately, and safely input patient information. Our
application reduces the need to take an ambulance out of service. With our software, our customers
will be able to cut costs and save lives by reducing the time needed to take response units out of
service and by increasing the validity, speed, and accuracy of patient data input. Our tablet software
is lightweight and intuitive, providing data collection and analytics tools for use in any emergency
response setting G ranging from traditional ambulance units in established markets, to less
developed medical operations in emerging markets. The following thesis explains Iris Medical's
business plan along with a step by step lead on revenue generation and growth.
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Clarkson, Matthew John. "Registration of medical images to 3D medical images." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.409018.
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Puybareau, Elodie. "Motion analysis for Medical and Bio-medical applications." Thesis, Paris Est, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PESC1063/document.
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L’analyse du mouvement, ou l’analyse d’une séquence d’images, est l’extension naturelle de l’analyse d’images à l’analyse de séries temporelles d’images. De nombreuses méthodes d’analyse de mouvement ont été développées dans le contexte de la vision par ordinateur, incluant le suivi de caractéristiques, le flot optique, l’analyse de points-clef, le recalage d’image, etc. Dans ce manuscrit, nous proposons une boite a outils de techniques d’analyse de mouvement adaptées à l’analyse de séquences biomédicales. Nous avons en particulier travaillé sur les cellules ciliées qui sont couvertes de cils qui battent. Elles sont présentes chez l’homme dans les zones nécessitant des mouvements de fluide. Dans les poumons et les voies respiratoires supérieures, les cils sont responsables de l’épuration muco-ciliaire, qui permet d’évacuer des poumons la poussière et autres impuretés inhalées. Les altérations de l’épuration mucociliaire peuvent être liées à des maladies touchant les cils, pouvant être génétiques ou acquises et peuvent être handicapantes. Ces maladies peuvent être caractérisées par l’analyse du mouvement des cils sous un microscope avec une résolution temporelle importante. Nous avons développé plusieurs outils et techniques pour réaliser ces analyses de manière automatiques et avec une haute précision, à la fois sur des biopsies et in-vivo. Nous avons aussi illustré nos techniques dans le contexte d’éco-toxicité en analysant le rythme cardiaque d’embryons de poissonsMotion analysis, or the analysis of image sequences, is a natural extension of image analysis to time series of images. Many methods for motion analysis have been developed in the context of computer vision, including feature tracking, optical flow, keypoint analysis, image registration, and so on. In this work, we propose a toolbox of motion analysis techniques suitable for biomedical image sequence analysis. We particularly study ciliated cells. These cells are covered with beating cilia. They are present in humans in areas where fluid motion is necessary. In the lungs and the upper respiratory tract, Cilia perform the clearance task, which means cleaning the lungs of dust and other airborne contaminants. Ciliated cells are subject to genetic or acquired diseases that can compromise clearance, and in turn cause problems in their hosts. These diseases can be characterized by studying the motion of cilia under a microscope and at high temporal resolution. We propose a number of novel tools and techniques to perform such analyses automatically and with high precision, both ex-vivo on biopsies, and in-vivo. We also illustrate our techniques in the context of eco-toxicity by analysing the beating pattern of the heart of fish embryo
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Roldan, Dario J. "Housing for Medically Vulnerable Homeless Adults| A Medical Respite Program." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10262368.
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The purpose of the project was to fund a medical respite program for homeless adults discharged from hospitals; too stabilized to remain in a hospital, and with recuperative needs too severe to remain on streets, or in a traditional shelter. This program will collaborate with other programs at the Weingart Center Association and local service providers to support homeless individuals. The Weingart Center Association, the hosting agency of this project, is located in Los Angeles County, California.
After conducting a review of the literature, the grant writer designed a medical respite program providing 24 hour shelter; access to care management; case management; access to medical professionals; nutrition needs; and psychosocial supports. After researching funding sources, the Ralph M. Parsons Foundation was determined to the most applicable match for funding of the project.
Actual submission and funding of the grant were not required for the successful completion of this project.
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Davies, Brian. "Medical robotics." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/8795.
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López, Martínez Carolina, Espiritu Catherin Ariana Malqui, De Guzman Santisteban Maribel Niño, and Paulino Jean Carlos Talaverano. "Medical Equipment." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/654857.
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El propósito de este trabajo de investigación se basa en demostrar que existe un nicho de mercado potencial, esto debido a que en la actualidad las personas buscan cuidar su salud y la de sus familiares a través de la adquisición de equipos médicos básicos. Sin embargo, las personas y empresas dedicadas a este rubro solo se enfocan en la distribución de los equipos médicos y mas no en el servicio post venta. Nosotros nos caracterizamos por ofrecer un servicio diferenciado y personalizado, por tal razón atendemos y realizamos entregas las 24 hrs, nuestros profesionales altamente capacitados realizan el acompañamiento y monitoreo en el uso de los equipos médicos, además garantizamos la satisfacción de nuestros clientes mediante el seguimiento de nuestro servicio post venta.
En la investigación se utiliza, la metodología de tipo cualitativa, tales como; encuestas y de tipo cuantitativa, tales como; estadísticas y variables. Asimismo, durante el desarrollo de nuestra investigación hemos utilizado información relevante extraída de fuentes primarias y secundarias.
Los resultados de la investigación de mercado demuestran que el 80% de las personas que fueron encuestadas realizaron la compra de quipos médicos durante los últimos meses. Además, se encontró que en su mayoría los clientes tienen preferencia por realizar sus compras de manera virtual, asimismo, indicaron que el atributo más valorado es la calidad y el servicio post venta. Estos resultados apoyan el desarrollo de nuestra idea de negocio, ya que hemos corroborado el problema planteado inicialmente.
Se concluye la viabilidad del proyecto, ya que según el escenario inicial de nuestro flujo de caja por invertir 42,525 soles generamos una ganancia de 267,360 soles, obteniendo una tasa de rentabilidad interna de 84.25% fruto de la inversión. Dicho esto, nuestra investigación da a conocer que nuestro proyecto es rentable.The purpose of this research work is based on demonstrating that there is a potential market niche, this because currently people seek to take care of their health and that of their relatives through the acquisition of basic medical equipment. However, the people and companies dedicated to this area only focus on the distribution of medical equipment and not on after-sales service. We are known for offering a differentiated and personalized service, for this reason we attend and make deliveries 24 hours a day, our highly trained professionals carry out the accompaniment and monitoring in the use of medical equipment, we also guarantee the satisfaction of our clients by monitoring our after sales service. In the research, qualitative methodology is used, such as; surveys and quantitative type, such as; statistics and variables. Likewise, during the development of our research we have used relevant information extracted from primary and secondary sources. The results of the market research show that 80% of the people who were surveyed made the purchase of medical equipment during the last months. In addition, it was found that the majority of customers have a preference for making their purchases in a virtual way, also, they indicated that the most valued attribute is quality and after-sales service. These results support the development of our business idea, since we have corroborated the problem raised initially. The viability of the project is concluded, since according to the initial scenario of our cash flow for investing 42,525 soles we generated a profit of 267,360 soles, obtaining an internal rate of return of 84.25% as a result of the investment. That said, our research reveals that our project is profitable.
Trabajo de investigación
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Ovsienko, Ruslana. "Medical knitting." Thesis, Київський національний університет технологій та дизайну, 2019. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/13106.
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Fomin, I. "Medical deontology." Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2012. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/27491.
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Blackwelder, Reid B. "Medical Jeopardy." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2001. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6999.
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Honsberger, Lynn. "Bio-medical and medical spin-off companies from Canadian medical schools and affiliated research institutes." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape3/PQDD_0015/MQ58461.pdf.
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Honsberger, Lynn M. "Bio-medical and medical spin-off companies from Canadian medical schools and affiliated research institutes." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/9175.
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Although biotechnology is a relatively a new industry it is expected to have a major impact on our economy and society in the near future. The field of medicine will be affected dramatically. The spin-off phenomenon is also relatively new. Little information has been available on their effect, especially on a national basis. As a study of medical and biomedical companies created from technology developed in Canada's medical schools and affiliated research institutes, this thesis set out to answer five questions related to biotechnology and spin-offs. The five questions follow: (1) Which Canadian companies are biomedical spin-offs? (2) Who funded the founding technology of biomedical spin-off companies and the careers of the founding scientists? (3) What is the rate of spin-off creation? (4) How are these spin-off companies impacting the economy? (5) Which provinces have been "players" in this industry? (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
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Di, Teodoro Martina <1982>. "Il ruolo della Narrative in Medical Ethics, Medical Practice e Medical Education. Elementi di ricerca." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2012. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/5037/1/Di_Teodoro_Martina_tesi.pdf.
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La mia tesi di dottorato ha ad oggetto lo studio e l’analisi del ruolo della Narrative all’interno di tre ambiti, quali Medical Ethics, Clinical Practice e Medical Education. La tesi è strutturata in 4 capitoli: i primi tre vanno a comporre la parte teorica mentre nel quarto capitolo viene riportata una ricerca sul campo da me svolta negli Stati Uniti. Nel primo capitolo, analizzo il ruolo della narrative all’interno della Medical Ethics specificando che cosa si intenda con etica narrativa, quali sono le motivazione alla base del suo sviluppo e chi sono i suoi principali esponenti. In questo capitolo, inoltre, esamino i problemi che l’etica narrativa solleva suggerendo un nuovo modo in cui essa si integra alla riflessione bioetica. Il secondo capitolo è dedicato al contributo della narrative nella Medical Practice investigando sia le modalità attraverso le quali il paziente può avvalersi della narrazione per analizzare la sua esperienza di malattia sia la cosiddetta Medicina Narrativa. Il terzo capitolo è dedicato all'analisi delle Medical Humanities, ossia di quelle discipline che all’interno della Medical Education si stanno rivelando strumenti efficaci per una formazione più equilibrata e completa dei professionisti della salute. Il quarto capitolo, invece, è dedicato alla descrizione di una ricerca svolta presso l’University of California – Irvine . Durante questa esperienza ho frequentato i corsi del Program in Medical Humanities and Arts diretto dalla Prof.ssa J. Shapiro, (programma in vigore da 13 anni e implementato allo scopo di migliorare alcune competenze nei futuri medici quali: l'empatia, l’altruismo, la compassione e la predisposizione alla cura verso i pazienti, oltre che per affinare le comunicazione clinica e la capacità di osservazione) e intervistato gli studenti che hanno preso parte a queste lezioni.The main goal of this Ph.D. thesis is to investigate the role of narrative within three fields of research: Medical Ethics, Medical Practice and Medical Education. The thesis is divided into four chapters: the first three are theoretical, while in the four chapter I present an empirical study which I conducted in the United States. In the first chapter, I analyze the role of narrative within the Medical Ethics: I explain what narrative ethics is, what the motivations behind its development are, and who are its main exponents. In this chapter, I also examine the problems that ethical narrative raises, suggesting a new way in which it is integrated into bioethics. The second chapter is devoted to explain how narrative contributes to Medical Practice: I investigate the ways in which the patient can use narrative to analyze both his/her experience of illness and the so-called Narrative Medicine. The third chapter is devoted to the analysis of Medical Humanities: the latter is a discipline which, within the medical education, can be considered an effective tool for a more balanced and comprehensive training of healthcare professionals. The fourth and the last chapter is devoted to describe my research at the University of California – Irvine: I have attended courses at the Program in Medical Humanities and Arts headed by Prof. J. Shapiro, (this Program was implemented to enhance aspects of professionalism, such as empathy, altruism, compassion, and caring towards patients, as well as to hone clinical communication and observational skills) and interviewed the students who took part in these courses.
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Di, Teodoro Martina <1982>. "Il ruolo della Narrative in Medical Ethics, Medical Practice e Medical Education. Elementi di ricerca." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2012. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/5037/.
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La mia tesi di dottorato ha ad oggetto lo studio e l’analisi del ruolo della Narrative all’interno di tre ambiti, quali Medical Ethics, Clinical Practice e Medical Education. La tesi è strutturata in 4 capitoli: i primi tre vanno a comporre la parte teorica mentre nel quarto capitolo viene riportata una ricerca sul campo da me svolta negli Stati Uniti. Nel primo capitolo, analizzo il ruolo della narrative all’interno della Medical Ethics specificando che cosa si intenda con etica narrativa, quali sono le motivazione alla base del suo sviluppo e chi sono i suoi principali esponenti. In questo capitolo, inoltre, esamino i problemi che l’etica narrativa solleva suggerendo un nuovo modo in cui essa si integra alla riflessione bioetica. Il secondo capitolo è dedicato al contributo della narrative nella Medical Practice investigando sia le modalità attraverso le quali il paziente può avvalersi della narrazione per analizzare la sua esperienza di malattia sia la cosiddetta Medicina Narrativa. Il terzo capitolo è dedicato all'analisi delle Medical Humanities, ossia di quelle discipline che all’interno della Medical Education si stanno rivelando strumenti efficaci per una formazione più equilibrata e completa dei professionisti della salute. Il quarto capitolo, invece, è dedicato alla descrizione di una ricerca svolta presso l’University of California – Irvine . Durante questa esperienza ho frequentato i corsi del Program in Medical Humanities and Arts diretto dalla Prof.ssa J. Shapiro, (programma in vigore da 13 anni e implementato allo scopo di migliorare alcune competenze nei futuri medici quali: l'empatia, l’altruismo, la compassione e la predisposizione alla cura verso i pazienti, oltre che per affinare le comunicazione clinica e la capacità di osservazione) e intervistato gli studenti che hanno preso parte a queste lezioni.The main goal of this Ph.D. thesis is to investigate the role of narrative within three fields of research: Medical Ethics, Medical Practice and Medical Education. The thesis is divided into four chapters: the first three are theoretical, while in the four chapter I present an empirical study which I conducted in the United States. In the first chapter, I analyze the role of narrative within the Medical Ethics: I explain what narrative ethics is, what the motivations behind its development are, and who are its main exponents. In this chapter, I also examine the problems that ethical narrative raises, suggesting a new way in which it is integrated into bioethics. The second chapter is devoted to explain how narrative contributes to Medical Practice: I investigate the ways in which the patient can use narrative to analyze both his/her experience of illness and the so-called Narrative Medicine. The third chapter is devoted to the analysis of Medical Humanities: the latter is a discipline which, within the medical education, can be considered an effective tool for a more balanced and comprehensive training of healthcare professionals. The fourth and the last chapter is devoted to describe my research at the University of California – Irvine: I have attended courses at the Program in Medical Humanities and Arts headed by Prof. J. Shapiro, (this Program was implemented to enhance aspects of professionalism, such as empathy, altruism, compassion, and caring towards patients, as well as to hone clinical communication and observational skills) and interviewed the students who took part in these courses.
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Berg, Marc. "Rationalizing medical work decision support techniques and medical practices /." [Maastricht : Maastricht : Rijksuniversiteit Limburg] ; University Library, Maastricht University [Host], 1995. http://arno.unimaas.nl/show.cgi?fid=5791.
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Winder, Robert John. "Medical imaging : tissue volume measurement & medical rapid prototyping." Thesis, University of Ulster, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.399689.
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Chan, Adam Y., Elizabeth Farabee, Grace Wholley, Peter Blosser, Jordan L. Herring, and Richard L. Wallace. "Medical Student Burnout in a Small-Sized Medical School." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/asrf/2019/schedule/72.
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Introduction: Burnout is an occupational condition characterized by emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and a low sense of personal accomplishment. While medical students begin schooling with mental health profiles similar to or better than peers who pursue other careers, there is a downward trajectory throughout school suggesting this phenomenon often originates in medical school. For physicians and residents, burnout has been linked to poor outcomes such as patient safety, might contribute to suicidal ideation and substance abuse, and may undermine professional development. Furthermore, there is a lack of surveillance of the prevalence of medical student burnout in a small-sized school setting.
Methods: The Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), a 22-question survey, is largely accepted as the gold standard for assessment; however, we utilized the 7-question, Well-Being Index (WBI), which has been shown equal efficacy as the full MBI. Eligible participants were currently enrolled in their respective class at the East Tennessee State University Quillen College of Medicine. Each year, a participant was given a WBI survey during the winter season (overall response rate 83%, n = 239).
Results: Overall the self-reported burnout rate over the two-year study period was 65.2% and was significantly higher in those reporting as female (71%). There was also variation tracking the class from one year to the next. The second year at this institution showed the highest reported amount of burnout (75%, n=145) while the lowest amount of burnout reported was during the fourth year at 47%.
Conclusions: Burnout experienced at this institution was reportedly higher than national average. There are limitations to this study as the periods in which medical students were asked to answer the survey were consistently at the same time in the calendar year, but the host institution’s curriculum had been changed so that it might not match up accordingly. Furthermore, class sizes changed from year to year and might skew the data. This information suggests that burnout prevalence is higher at Quillen College of Medicine and intervention strategies to address burnout should be pursued.
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SORBA, GERARD. "Informatisation du cabinet medical et dossier medical portable informatise." Nice, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NICE6531.
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Titus, Phyllis May. "Medical schemes fraud : ethical investigation of medical practitioners as stakeholders." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020899.
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A mere 16 percent of the population enjoys the benefits of private healthcare; medical schemes however remain an important contributor to the South African economy with an annual contribution flow of close to R85 billion per annum. Similar to the international scenario, South African healthcare inflation surpassed consumer price inflation. In addition, the medical schemes industry remains riddled with fraud, this coupled with escalating private healthcare costs remain subsequent threats to the sustainability of the industry. It is reported that service provider fraud has surpassed fraud committed by scheme members. Most medical schemes appear to have policies in place to manage and combat fraud, however transparency in terms of information sharing remains elusive. Of greater concern have been the investigation and management ethicality and endgame of medical schemes in terms of fraud risk management amongst medical practitioners. The research problem states that there is currently no standard fraud investigation and management protocol available for the ethical investigation and management of medical schemes fraud committed by medical practitioners. The literature review demonstrated that there has been a paradigm shift regarding the expectations that society has of the modern corporation and emphasised the inclusive stakeholder model theory in favour of the traditional shareholder dictum: pursuit of profit maximisation at any cost. The research design was done by providing a survey questionnaire to private medical practitioners. The literature review and survey findings highlighted the need for medical schemes to pay greater heed to their ethicality and stakeholder issue management practices. Focus areas for the development of an industry standard fraud investigation and management protocol was recommended.
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Leeming, William J. "Medical specialization and medical genetics in Canada (1947 and after)." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0001/NQ43440.pdf.
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Lolley, Sarah. "Medical professionalism and the fictional TV medical drama House MD." Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=112537.
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This thesis is an exploration and analysis of what audiences may be learning about medical professionalism from the fictional television (TV) medical drama House MD. Fictional TV medical dramas are an important form of medical narrative in that they are usually created by writers with no medical training. As such, they carry a higher risk of portraying the practice of medicine inaccurately. A review of the scholarly literature reveals that there is a precedent for fictional TV medical dramas to affect viewers' perception of the practice of medicine and health behaviours, and viewers' understanding of medical ethics issues. It also reveals strong empirical evidence that TV medical dramas can affect audience's perceptions of physicians' character. A thorough review of the first two seasons of House MD reveals 20 lessons on professionalism (i.e. lessons on interactions with colleagues and patients, medical ethics, and professional competence) that the title character, Gregory House, is imparting to viewers. All 20 lessons are in direct conflict with established charters on professionalism. Arguments are made for the programme's potential to negatively affect patient access to care, physician-patient relations, interactions between healthcare professionals, and applications to medical school.
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Dexter, Matthew H. L. "Open Design and medical products : an Open Medical Products methodology." Thesis, Sheffield Hallam University, 2014. http://shura.shu.ac.uk/19558/.
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This research details the use of Open Design to enable participation in the conceptualisation, design and development of medical products for those who are excluded by their chronic health condition. The research was directed according to the Action Research methodology outlined by Checkland & Holwell (1998); Action Research being highlighted by Archer (1995) as a method compatible for practice-led design research. Open design directed the design practice, which consisted of a long case study spanning 18 months from February 2012, through to July 2013. This case study, dubbed AIR involved the creation of a bespoke online social network, recruitment of people living with cystic fibrosis, and the facilitation of collaborative design work resulting in prototype medical devices based on the lived experience of the participants. The work involves research into design within health as the context for this research. In order to place design in this wider context, it has been tempting to adopt the mantle Evidence Based Design (Evans, 2010) - however in this research the position of design as phronesis, in a similar manner to health practice (Montgomery, 2005) is adopted. This allows for an alignment of the work done in both fields, without the problematic associations with an evidence hierarchy (Gaver & Bowers, 2012; Holmes, Murray, Perron, & Rail, 2006).The contribution to knowledge is an Open Medical Products Methodology, consisting of the artefacts supporting the evidence of the methodology's ability to foster genuine participation amongst those who are excluded from traditional participatory design. The artefacts constituting this submission are this thesis, the reflective log kept during the research (Appendix A), the prototypes from the collaborative research (Appendix B), and the online social network that contained the work (AIR1). The Open Medical Products Methodology is expected to be of interest primarily to designers of medical products, design management and policymakers, although Open Design as a product methodology has appeal to other sectors and the future work into standardisation, regulation, distributed manufacture and recruitment detailed at the conclusion of this thesis has application broader than the medical field.
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Wallace, Rick L. "Clinical Medical Librarian Effectiveness in an ETSU Medical Residency Program." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2004. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/8797.
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Anderson, Mindi S. "Integrating Emergency Medical Services Into the Patient-Centered Medical Home." Thesis, Capella University, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10288192.
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Abstract Emergency medical services (EMS) for nonemergent or low-acuity calls is a new normal. EMS agencies spend a majority of time providing primary care services through the 911 system. They are utilized currently to fill the primary care gap subconsciously. The EMS system is activated as a patient navigator for primary care services. EMS agencies in the state where the research occurred have responded to the gap in care management by creating innovative programs such as community health emergency medical services (CHEMS). Creation of CHEMS programs have become one of the most monumental concepts for change in the field on both a state and national level. EMS has sought ways to meet the goals of the Triple Aim by exploring CHEMS as the state transitions to value-based care. Leaders are searching for innovative ways to close the gap in the primary health care system through a patient-centered medical home (PCMH) model. The action research study stimulated innovative thinking to support coordinated care across the evolving continuum of the health care system. The study captured the current awareness from community health care leaders who have had a recent opportunity to explore the idea of integrating EMS into the PCMH model through semi-structured interview sessions. Major findings in the thematical analysis discovered the current way both EMS and a PCMH function in a silo system that could potentially utilize each other to effectively provide managed care. Joint efforts could offset overutilization of EMS services for calls that have no apparent life threats. EMS would allow for a PCMH to conform to the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act standards of care management, contributing to the integration of Triple Aim objectives. Collaboratively, EMS and an established PCMH will impact the delivery of preventative, quality and cost-efficient care. The theory of organizational culture change is based on three common characteristics: culture is shared, is intangible, and affects human behavior. The conceptual framework of the research study was based on the chronic care model. Patients with comorbidities potentially utilize the health care system more than a healthy patient to seek reassurance that their health is managed.
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Leroy, Gondy, and Hsinchun Chen. "Meeting Medical Terminology Needs - the ontology-enhanced medical concept mapper." IEEE, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/105242.
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Artificial Intelligence Lab, Department of MIS, University of ArizonaThis paper describes the development and testing of the Medical Concept Mapper, a tool designed to facilitate access to online medical information sources by providing users with appropriate medical search terms for their personal queries. Our system is valuable for patients whose knowledge of medical vocabularies is inadequate to find the desired information, and for medical experts who search for information outside their field of expertise. The Medical Concept Mapper maps synonyms and semantically related concepts to a user's query. The system is unique because it integrates our natural language processing tool, i.e., the Arizona (AZ) Noun Phraser, with human-created ontologies, the Unified Medical Language System (UMLS) and WordNet, and our computer generated Concept Space, into one system. Our unique contribution results from combining the UMLS Semantic Net with Concept Space in our deep semantic parsing (DSP) algorithm. This algorithm establishes a medical query context based on the UMLS Semantic Net, which allows Concept Space terms to be filtered so as to isolate related terms relevant to the query. We performed two user studies in which Medical Concept Mapper terms were compared against human experts' terms. We conclude that the AZ Noun Phraser is well suited to extract medical phrases from user queries, that WordNet is not well suited to provide strictly medical synonyms, that the UMLS Metathesaurus is well suited to provide medical synonyms, and that Concept Space is well suited to provide related medical terms, especially when these terms are limited by our DSP algorithm.
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Foe, Owono Guy. "Impact of EU Medical Device Directive on Medical Device Software." ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/353.
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Directive 2007/47/EC of the European Parliament amending Medical Device Directive (MDD) provides medical device manufacturers with a compliance framework. However, the effects of the amendments to the MDD on competition in the U.S. medical device software industry are unknown. This study examined the impact of this directive on the competitiveness of U.S. medical device software companies, the safety and efficacy of medical device software, employee training, and recruitment. The conceptual framework for this study included 3 dimensions of medical device regulations: safety, performance, and reliability. The overall research design was a concurrent mixed method study using both quantitative and qualitative techniques. The qualitative techniques involved case studies of 5 purposively selected companies. Data collection involved both surveys and interviews. The sample consisted of 56 employees within medical device firms with markets around the European regions. Qualitative data analysis consisted of descriptive thematic analysis along the study questions and hypotheses and summative evaluation. Quantitative data analysis included descriptive statistics and correlation to test the 4 hypotheses. The results suggested that the MDD has realigned medical device software manufacturing practices, and US medical device companies have gained global competitiveness in improving product safety and increasing sales revenue. Key recommendations to medical device manufacturers include adopting MDD 93/42/EEC, using model-based approaches, and being comprehensive in model use. Adopting the MDD will provide positive social change to patients, as human safety improves with better product quality while companies experience fewer product recalls.
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Backhouse, Peter. "Medical knowledge, medical power : doctors and health policy in Australia /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1994. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phb126.pdf.
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Batchelor, Christopher. "Queering medical education." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.434633.
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Kinney, Hope, and Elizabeth Mueller. "Medical Art Therapy." Digital Commons at Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School, 2018. https://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/etd/493.
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This research explores the experiences and practices of Medical Art Therapists; specifically, how working with clients in a medical setting, often as a part of a multidisciplinary team, impacts the work of an Art Therapist. Researchers reviewed the general literature regarding children and adults’ experiences of hospitalization and utilization of psychosocial services. Medical Art Therapy literature is reviewed next, emphasizing work with children, families, and adults. Informed by the literature, researchers invited Medical Art Therapists to participate in a focus group and/or follow-up survey. Researchers conducted a focus group in which participants discussed their experiences and created response art. A survey was then sent to focus group participants and other respondents who were unavailable for the focus group. Researchers identified four categories that emerged from the survey data: “art as self-expression,” “categorization of Art Therapy,” “considerations specific to the medical setting,” and “range of utility” of Medical Art Therapy. Researchers used these categories to analyze data from the focus group and response art. An additional category emerged from these two data sets: “personal experience.” The response art naturally offered another category for analysis: “features of the art.” Researchers compared findings across all data sets and discovered meanings by setting these findings in the context of the general and Medical Art Therapy literature. Further research is warranted to support expansion in the field of Medical Art Therapy.
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Thomas, Pierre. "Le certificat medical." Nancy 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NAN11010.
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Денисова, Людмила Анатоліївна, Людмила Анатольевна Денисова, Liudmyla Anatoliivna Denysova, D. Svyrydenko, and V. Yurchenko. "Modern medical technology." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2014. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/45307.
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Scientific and technological advances are rapidly changing conditions of human existence. There is a need for the creation and implementation of new medical technologies that meet the needs of the time. Modern information technology is increasingly used in the health care industry , which is very convenient, but sometimes it is necessary. This medicine, including alternative , becomes today a completely new features. Many medical studies simply can not do without a computer and special software to it. This process is accompanied by significant changes in medical theory and practice related to making adjustments to the training of health professionals. Over the past 20 years the use of computers in medicine has increased enormously. Practical medicine is becoming more and more automated.
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Vereshchagina, M. V. "Medical cosmetology - mesotherapy." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2017. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/62818.
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Mesotherapy − is a new technique, but it has very old roots. This procedure is relevant because it can be removed from various shortcomings of the skin, eliminate or prevent age-related skin changes, make the correction cheekbones and oval face, to achieve a lifting effect, remove cellulite. It was developed in 1950 in France.
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Zhalovaga, V. O., V. A. Ivashchenko, and G. I. Litvinenko. "Medical computer diagnostics." Thesis, Вид-во СумДУ, 2009. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/17005.
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Almer, Casino Ana, and Vicente Miguel Ángel Sempere. "Autonomous medical robot." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-18602.
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Lack of healthcare assistance is one of the issues that European countries such as Sweden face due to the increase of the ageing phenomenon which leads to a higher demand for personnel in hospitals, basic attendance, and housing. Therefore, a tool is clearly required to fulfil these social needs. The thesis focuses on the elderly but especially on those with reduced mobility and develops a wheeled domestic mobile robot whose objective is to deliver their pills at the right time of the day. The main goal is the implementation of automatic drug delivery. The project presents a selection of the most suitable wheel-based robot, and a study and evaluation of different techniques and algorithms used for indoor positioning, navigation, facial recognition, and a communication interface between the patient and the robot. The robot used for the development of this thesis was the TurtleBot3 Burger and was evaluated upon a map created using the Hector SLAM method. Results showed that the Bluetooth technology (iBeacon), as well as the trilateration algorithm, are suitable choices for detecting a human in an indoor environment; a successful average drift error of 0.83 metres was obtained for indoor localization, and further results showed the facial recognition system achieved an accuracy of around 90%. It is concluded that the robot is capable of reaching and identifying the patient in an indoor environment, and so this project can be considered as the first step of implementation of a totally autonomous medical robot ready for domestic use.
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Blackwelder, Reid B. "Medical Jeopardy Workshop." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 1995. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6970.
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Silva, João Luís Sarmento Donato dos Santos e. "Medical signals monitoring." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/23782.
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Mestrado em Engenharia Eletrónica e TelecomunicaçõesO ritmo cardíaco, quantidade de oxigénio no sangue, a pressão arterial e o nível de glicemia são variáveis da maior importância na avaliação clínica. Das quatro variáveis, a frequência cardíaca e o nível de oxigénio no sangue são aquelas cuja aquisição é relativamente menos incómoda para o paciente. A pressão arterial é tipicamente medida com um esfigmomanómetro com o auxilio de um estetoscópio. O esfigmomanómetro é composto por uma braçadeira de tecido com uma meia manga insuflável, que é enrolada à volta dum braço ou perna do paciente. A monitorização da glicémia, muito importante em diabéticos, é efetuada com um glicosímetro. Esta medição implica sempre um incomodo processo prévio de extração de uma pequena quantidade de sangue. Mesmo os instrumentos mais recentes que obtém o valor da glicémia através da analise do fluido intersticial (colhido logo abaixo da derme) implicam uma leve picada. O projecto que aqui se propõe visa melhorar o conforto do paciente no processo de aquisição destas variáveis clinicas. Este projeto visa a realização de um sistema único que integre a monitorização das quatro variáveis referidas e que o faça da forma menos invasiva que seja possível.
Heart rate, oxygen saturation in blood, blood pressure and glicemia are variables of major importance in clinical evaluation. Of the four variables, the heart rate and oxygenation in blood are those whose acquisition is relatively less discomfortable for the patient. Blood pressure is typically measured with a sphygmomanometer with the aid of a stethoscope. The sphygmomanometer consists of a tissue cu with an in atable half sleeve, which is wrapped around an arm or leg of the patient. The monitorization of glicemia, very important in diabetics, is made with a glucometer. This measurement implies always an discomfortable process of extracting a small quantity of blood. Even the most recent instruments that obtain the value of glycemia through interstitial uid analysis (collected just below the dermis) imply a slight sting. The project proposed here aims to improve patient comfort in the process of acquisition of these clinical variables. A single system is designed that integrates the monitoring of the four variables mentioned and does so in the least invasive way possible.
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Minardi, Gabriele. "Mobile Medical Applications." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2012. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/4300/.
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Kingsley, Karmon L. "Medical Assisting Credentialing." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2015. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/2599.
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the hiring practices of physicians’ offices as they relate to medical assistants and to gain insight into their hiring preferences. Knowing how physicians and medical office managers view the profession of medical assisting may help medical assisting professionals improve the standing of the profession and provide a consistent foundation for education programs.
I surveyed 15 physicians’ practices in eight states across the country to obtain a cross-country perspective and found that many practices hire credentialed or non-credentialed individuals for clinical positions for various reasons. The reasons were minimally due to the lack of credentialed applicants and more due to personal preferences, financial decisions, and governmental regulations. This study contributes to medical assisting program directors, medical assisting professional organizations, and credentialing agencies in promoting medical assisting.
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Courtin, Christophe. "Interfaces cooperatives pour les dossiers medicaux multimedias (doctorat : genie biologique et medical)." Rennes 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998REN1B032.
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Lin, Cheng Hsun. "Medical image compression applied to medical ultrasound and magnetic resonance images." Thesis, Ulster University, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.274104.
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Robertson, David W. "A 'patient-centred' medical school curriculum : medical students' views and practice." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.324348.
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Sinclair, Simon Keith. "The institutional apprenticeship of medical students in a London medical school." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.482051.
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The thesis provides an account of the basic medical training in England, largely unchanged for 150 years despite many calls for reform. The three stages (preclinical and clinical period and the pre-registration year) that students pass through are described in terms of acquired professional dispositions, with historical, cultural (including linguistic) and epistemological aspects; the dramatic aspects of dispositions give rise to a series of roles acquired through practice. Acquisition of these professional dispositions is fostered by students' aspirations and the general culture of co-operation, rather than by the simple explicit transmission of professional values, knowledge and skills, or a lowly and autonomous group "making out". The medical school and teaching hospital are therefore seen as acting in many ways like a "total institution", their segmentation being held together by students in practice, as well as cognitively and financially. Teaching and assessment of these roles leads, through their linguistic component (whose precise physical referents reflect the associated positivist epistemological base and its certainty) and dramatic features, to the stable reproduction of medical knowledge and is associated with the internal stability of the profession and of its relation to others. The resulting low status attached to academic disciplines (notably psychology and sociology) and branches of medicine (notably psychiatry) tends to limit awareness within the profession of the discordance within and between dispositions and between roles. The high rates of mental illness within the profession may be seen as related to such internal psychological conflicts; these lead, in effect, to classifying sufferers as individual psychiatric patients and so "blaming the victim". For this reason alone, it is most unlikely that students and junior doctors can effect any change in the system of training; other factors that contribute to the system's stability are discussed
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Tso, Simon Ho Yuen. "The graduate-entry medical student : challenges to transition through medical school." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2017. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/99890/.
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This study aims to make a sociological contribution to understanding the experience of medical students from graduate-entry medicine degree programmes. In this study, I asked the research question ‘what are the challenges experienced by graduate-entry medicine degree programme students during their transition through medical school training?’ Medical students from the University of Warwick Medical School graduate-entry medicine degree programme were invited to take part in this interview-based study. A volunteer sample of 21 medical students took part in a stage one semi-structured one-to-one interview. Fourteen of 21 medical students took part in a follow-up stage two interview between four to thirteen months later. Their interview transcripts were transcribed verbatim and analysed using thematic analysis. Results showed there were three key transition periods within the University of Warwick Medical School’s graduate-entry medicine degree programme. Medical students encountered a range of challenging issues throughout their medical school journey that could be categorised under three conceptual themes: challenges associated with the curriculum, challenges associated with their social role and generic life challenges. Learning, professional identity development and managing coping strategies were the three key challenging issues dominating their transition experience. These challenging issues were in keeping with my findings from literature review on the medical school experience of undergraduate-entry and graduate-entry students. This study has made one original sociological contribution to understanding the professionalism issue about how medical students manage health advice requests from their family and friends. The findings from this study could be useful to educators and medical schools in enhancing their student support services. It could also be useful to prospective and existing medical students in understanding the realities of undertaking a graduate-entry medicine degree programme.
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Biquet, Jean-Marc. "Patient safety in medical humanitarian action : medical error prevention and management." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSE1038.
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La sécurité des patients est reconnue depuis une vingtaine comme un des éléments essentiels de la qualité des soins et est devenu une partie intégrante des systèmes de santé. Elle se déclinée en règlementations, outils et stratégies qui touchent tous les secteurs de la médecine. Aujourd’hui les recherches et applications de la sécurité des patients concernent surtout les systèmes de santé des pays les plus développés alors même que deux-tiers des incidents de sécurité estimés se produisent dans les pays à revenu faible ou moyen. Une phase exploratoire a permis de confirmer que la sécurité du patient et la détection et gestion des erreurs médicales n’ont pas encore eu de traduction structurée, adaptée au secteur de l’aide médicale humanitaire. Afin d’essayer de comprendre les raisons de ce décalage, cette thèse s’intéresse au statut actuel et aux perspectives de la sécurité des patients dans l'action médicale humanitaire. Une première partie se penche sur les développements dans les sciences de la sécurité et de la gestion des risques et aborde l’état de connaissance actuelle et les principaux développements en matière de sécurité des patients, et de la gestion des erreurs médicales en particulier. Suit une analyse des caractéristiques de l’action médicale telle que déployée par les organisations médicales.La deuxième phase de la thèse se centre sur des entretiens semi-directifs avec du personnel médical et paramédical actifs au sein de 6 organisations médicales humanitaires pour connaître l’état actuel des développements en matière de sécurité du patient et de la gestion des erreurs médicales. 39 entretiens ont été menés avec du personnel international médical ou paramédical ayant 2 ans d’expérience minimum dans le secteur humanitaire pour comprendre leurs connaissances, attitudes et attentes en matière de sécurité du patient et de la gestion des erreurs médicales dans leur secteur.Il apparait clairement que s’il n’existe actuellement pas encore dans le secteur d’approche structurée de la question de la sécurité du patient et plus spécifiquement de la gestion des erreurs médicales, cela répond clairement à une attente de la part du personnel humanitaire interviewé. Les raisons invoquées pour expliquer ce manque sont de deux ordres. Il y a celles en lien avec les spécificités de l’action médicale humanitaire et celles que l’on a pu retrouver dans les systèmes de santé des pays de l’OCDE.Cette recherche, la première du genre selon nos informations, identifie la motivation du personnel médical et paramédical du secteur humanitaire à s’engager à mener une véritable révolution culturelle pour rendre l’offre de soins plus sûre, même dans des situations précairesPatient safety is recognized for some 20 years as one of the essential elements of healthcare quality and has become an integral part of healthcare systems. It encompasses regulations, tools and strategies that affect all sectors of medicine. Today, research and implementation in the area of patient safety pertain above all to healthcare systems in the most developed countries whereas two thirds of estimated safety incidents occur in low- or mid-income countries.An exploratory phase aiming at developing the research strategy confirmed that patient safety, per se, and the detection and management of medical errors have not yet been translated into the humanitarian assistance sector in a structured and adapted way. In order to understand the reasons for this gap this thesis aims to understand what the current status and perspectives of patient safety in medical humanitarian action are. An initial phase explored developments in the knowledge of safety and risk management and the current state of knowledge and the main developments in patient safety and especially medical error management were explored. Follows an analysis of the characteristics of medical action as carried out by medical humanitarian organisations.The second part of the thesis is centred on semi-directive discussions with medical and paramedical personnel active within six medical humanitarian organisations to understand the knowledge, attitudes and practises with regards to patient safety and medical error management. 39 interviews were done with international medical and paramedical staff with minimum 2 years of experience in the humanitarian sector. It appears clearly that, while there may not yet be a structured approach in the sector regarding patient safety and, specifically, medical error management, this clearly corresponds to an expectation on the part of the humanitarian personnel interviewed.This research, to our knowledge the first of its kind, demonstrates the eagerness of the medical and paramedical staff engaged in humanitarian action to commit to an internal cultural revolution towards a safer healthcare provision, even in precarious situations. Catching up the delays in adopting adapted patient safety and medical error management policies would reinforce the accountability to the vulnerable populations assisted by these organisations and save more lives, the essence of humanitarian purpose
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Kent, Athol Parkes. "Medical education and the importance of teaching medical teachers about teaching." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/27044.
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This is an overview of medical education today. It deals with tertiary education matters pertinent to medical schools in South Africa, the forces that will inevitably cause medical education to change and the responses of other countries to similar circumstances. These forces are medical, educational and political. The medical forces bringing about changes are concerned with the explosion in knowledge in the fields of medical facts, technologies, therapies and informatics. It is an ongoing educational problem as to how the burgeoning sciences can be balanced with the present call for the return to the humanities. Medical schools are being required, through their teaching and learning methodologies, to encourage the qualification of empathetic graduates with generalist (holistic) skills and attitudes to best serve their patients. Educational forces, in particular new curriculum strategies, will need to be explored to assist teachers and students to cope with the demands of communities and individuals for care with expertise. In many First World countries these demands have found expression in moves from Traditional to Innovative curricula. Fundamentally, Traditional schools teach normal Anatomy and Physiology first, then move to the abnormal, before students reach the Clinical Years where these "basic sciences" are applied. Innovative schools, on the other hand, employ Problem-Based Learning with Community-Orientation throughout their curricula, with early patient contact, horizontal and vertical integration of disciplines, group work and community interaction as crucial aspects of their students' learning. Supporters of the Innovative philosophy see as progressive the revising of Flexnerian notions of basic science building blocks, the debalkanising of instruction subject by subject and the motivational impetus achieved when learning takes place in context. Political factors can impinge on staff teaching and student learning by Governmental demands through statutory councils or through the power exerted by the universities. Macro politics dictate financial or other resources that are allocated and may in future directly influence what sort of doctor the various medical schools are expected to graduate. The politics of staffing the teaching institutions, the development of teachers, and the demographics of the student population raise important questions of direction and commitment, and may lead to new realignments. The recognition of the importance of teaching at a professional level is a crucial factor in educating students more appropriately. Teachers versed in the medical pedagogic process will be pivotal in producing a new breed of doctors. This new breed will not be expected to "know everything" but have a core knowledge carefully ascertained by each medical faculty and the ability to find information that is further required. Students will not be expected to acquire all the facts to sustain them through the rest of their professional lives, but to have enquiring minds and the motivation to continue their education, to satisfy their curiosity and provide improved patient care. Their skills in mastery of the behavioural sciences will be more pertinent than ever as preventative medicine becomes as important as curative. They will be expected to formulate ethical attitudes and provide leadership in community and individual dilemmas. These are challenges that will need to be faced critically by our medical teachers who are too often experts in content in ever-narrower sub-specialities. For these challenges to be met, teaching cannot be taken for granted, but must be viewed more seriously by the schools and changes made where appropriate. The University of Cape Town (UCT) has a considerable reputation in the quality of its medical graduates. However, for its medical faculty to remain in the forefront of medical education, it needs to reconsider the knowledge required, the skills and attitudes embodied in its graduates but, as importantly, it must take the lead in undergraduate training. The need for renewing strategies and the action required are the themes of this dissertation.
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Kovach, Alison A. "Challenges of Medical Laboratory Science and Medical Laboratory Technology Program Directors." Youngstown State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1433424508.
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Adida, Sandrine. "De l'art medical au droit medical au xixeme siecle jusqu'en 1940." Paris 12, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA122015.
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Chien-ChiuHuang and 黄健秋. "Medical Ethics, Medical Customs and Medical Malpractice." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/7bvk9k.
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碩士國立成功大學
法律學系
106
Infringement of objective duty of care is one of objective constitutive elements to determine the criminal liability of negligence. However, for a long time, it is a controversial issue concerning the specific content of objective duty of care. The thesis studies the issue within the scope of medical malpractice, and initiates the discussion by two points of view. On one hand, the relationship between the law and the ethics has been a long-lasting subject to scholars in law and in philosophy. In the opinion of much material commonality, despite the differences of some formal aspects, some advocate the legal status for professional ethic norms. On the other hand, resulting from the limitation of different professions, judicial practice has to rely mainly on medical customs in the judgment of medical malpractice. Being professional customs, medical customs include not only professional knowledge but also, ideally, professional ethics, which comes from the distinction between professions and general occupations. The thesis starts with the exploration on the implication and the function of both medical ethics and medical customs. It then determines the nature of medical customs in normative implication by converging with medical ethics, called “medical customs in law”. Following analyses of “medical customs in fact”, they are compared with “medical customs in law” in order to find a better solution which plays a symbolic role in the judgment of medical malpractice. In the section of clinical cases, it shows the convergence of medical ethics and medical customs in the explanation of medical offenses with the issue of “informed consent” and the convergence of medical ethics and medical customs in the explanation of medical malpractice with the issue of “drug hypersensitivity test” respectively. It analyses medical scenarios by using the viewpoints of medical law and medical ethics and concludes with its own opinions. Meanwhile it clarifies the criminal systemic position of relevant medical ethic principles, practical application in actual scenarios and clear assistant standard in the judgment of medical malpractice. Over ninety percents of domestic medical care institutions make contracts with the Bureau of National Health Insurance of the Department of Health. National Health Insurance Act and derived rules have highly controlling effect on medical service. There should be little controversy that “The National Health Insurance Pharmaceutical Benefits and Reimbursement Schedule” and “The National Health Insurance Medical Service Items and Fee Schedule” are “medical customs in fact”. Because their formulations are based on democratic procedure and they state medical service meeting so called “a decent minimum of health care” in detail, it could be convinced that they are highly in conformity with principles of medical ethics and are therefore standards being closest to “medical customs in law” so far. They are worth considering as assistant judgment standards of medical malpractice in judicial practice.
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LIU, PO-CHIANG, and 劉柏江. "The Intervening Causation in Medically Criminal Cases—Medical Duty As a Requirement Stipulated under Medical Law." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/584cz6.
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博士國立臺北大學
法律學系一般生組
105
In Taiwan, there has been much debate in recent years over the issue of criminal liability for medical malpractice. The purpose of this study is to define a reasonable criminal liability in medical cases. In addition, it discusses the issue of causation between medical treatments and harmful results based on medical duty as a requirement stipulated under medical law. Medical personnel bear no criminal liability for cases, either subjective or objective, with harmful results that are unforeseeable or unavoidable. Moreover, there is no single standard for medical personnel’s performance of duty; only appropriate treatment standards exist. In terms of the issue of causation, this thesis analyzes the similarities and differences between continental and Anglo-American legal systems. This study found that although these two systems are not exactly the same, they still have many aspects in common; specifically, in medical cases, wherein medical treatment is usually considered as an intervening cause. However, if there is no first defendant, i.e., a patient or natural disaster, which establishes a causal connection between an act and harmful result, it is doubtful to apply these two theories in determining a medical doctor’s criminal liability. Furthermore, most criminal acts committed in medical practice are commonly associated with criminal negligence and in these cases, there are usually harmful results with multiple cause-in-fact. For example, death may have two actual causes; one from patient’s sickness and the other from medical harm. Medical personnel should bear criminal liability only if they are guilty of medical harm. This thesis develops an intervening cause theory to deal with criminal liability for medical malpractice. This thesis is divided as follows: Chapter Ⅰ is the introduction; Chapter Ⅱ briefly explains the difference between medical treatments and non-medical treatments in criminal law; Chapter Ⅲ discusses the concept of medical duty in detail. The author also attempts to clarify the relationship between medical duty and other related concepts, such as duty of care, duty to act, and informed consent; Chapter Ⅳ describes the issue of causation in criminal law; Chapter Ⅴ introduces an intervening cause theory in medical cases; Chapter Ⅵ concludes the study with pieces of legal advice in dealing with medical cases in criminal law. Keywords: medical duty, duty of care, duty to act, cause in fact, cause in law, intervening causation