Journal articles: 'Medical social work Social workers Stress management'

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Butylina, Olena, and Iryna Yevdokymova. "Social worker self-management as a management task." Social work and social education, no. 1(6) (April 15, 2021): 5–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.31499/2618-0715.1(6).2021.234056.

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Influence on the organizations of external factors causes the need for a set of new management methods. According to the authors, self-management can be considered an effective management technique. The article considers the essence and structure of self-management. The authors analyze self-management as a complex phenomenon that contains a set of actions and processes. Self-management has been defined as a specialist’s self-realization technology in the professional and personal space. The main components of self-management are time management skills, the ability to set priorities in work, professional and personal self-development, skills to control stressful situations, motivation to learn and professional advancement, the development of emotional intelligence. The necessity of forming self-management skills in social workers has been substantiated. In the principles of self-management, staff training has been characterized as one of the main tasks of the organization manager. The authors offer a list of management tools that can ensure the development of social workers’ skills and qualities. These include training as an active method of teaching; supervision as a mechanism of learning from the experience of others; professional training, internship, exchange of experiences, professional communication; organization of effective feedback as a mechanism for involving employees in management and increasing the level of loyalty to the organization. Organizational and managerial techniques are complemented by medical and psychological. The article concludes that social workers' self-management skills will promote the specialist's development. They will have a positive impact on his/her work quality. And they will be a means of preventing stress, professional ills and risks. Perspective areas of research have been outlined.

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Bowers, A., and A. Sochos. "Work stress, social support, and burnout in junior doctors: A cross-sectional study." European Psychiatry 26, S2 (March 2011): 1578. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(11)73282-5.

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BackgroundBurnout is known to be higher in doctors than in the general population and is associated with adverse patient outcomes. By identifying factors that can lead to burnout, interventions can be implemented to support the health of the workforce and improve patient care.AimThe aim of this study is to (1) look at whether psychiatric trainees differ from medical trainees in the work−related stress they experience and the social support they perceive, within and outside the workplace. It also aims to (2) look at whether social support can mediate the stressor-burnout relationship in trainees.MethodThe sample consisted of 184 London based trainees. Participants were administered the Maslach Burnout Inventory (strain), the Specialist Doctors’ Stress Inventory (stressors) and the House and Wells social support scale. To explore the pathways and potential mediating effect of social support within the stressor-burnout relationship structural equation modeling was applied to the data.Results42% of all doctors exhibited high levels of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization. Medical trainees were significantly more burnt out than psychiatric trainees (p < .01). Occupational stressors were significantly correlated with the core burnout dimensions. Family, consultant and top management support demonstrated significant correlations with burnout dimensions whereas co-worker support failed to reach significance. Direct, indirect and mediational pathways between study variables were found.ConclusionPsychological distress is still prevalent amongst our junior workforce. Medical trainees appear to exhibit more severe levels of burnout and suggestions to improve psychological wellbeing are discussed.

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Ostberg, Jan-Peter, Daniel Graziotin, Stefan Wagner, and Birgit Derntl. "A methodology for psycho-biological assessment of stress in software engineering." PeerJ Computer Science 6 (August 10, 2020): e286. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.286.

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Stress pervades our everyday life to the point of being considered the scourge of the modern industrial world. The effects of stress on knowledge workers causes, in short term, performance fluctuations, decline of concentration, bad sensorimotor coordination, and an increased error rate, while long term exposure to stress leads to issues such as dissatisfaction, resignation, depression and general psychosomatic ailment and disease. Software developers are known to be stressed workers. Stress has been suggested to have detrimental effects on team morale and motivation, communication and cooperation-dependent work, software quality, maintainability, and requirements management. There is a need to effectively assess, monitor, and reduce stress for software developers. While there is substantial psycho-social and medical research on stress and its measurement, we notice that the transfer of these methods and practices to software engineering has not been fully made. For this reason, we engage in an interdisciplinary endeavor between researchers in software engineering and medical and social sciences towards a better understanding of stress effects while developing software. This article offers two main contributions. First, we provide an overview of supported theories of stress and the many ways to assess stress in individuals. Second, we propose a robust methodology to detect and measure stress in controlled experiments that is tailored to software engineering research. We also evaluate the methodology by implementing it on an experiment, which we first pilot and then replicate in its enhanced form, and report on the results with lessons learned. With this work, we hope to stimulate research on stress in software engineering and inspire future research that is backed up by supported theories and employs psychometrically validated measures.

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PARFANOVICH, IVANNA. "FACTORS INFLUENCING THE PROFESSIONAL BURNOUT OF SOCIAL WORKERS." Scientific Issues of Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University. Series: pedagogy, no. 2 (April 6, 2021): 197–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.25128/2415-3605.20.2.26.

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The article is devoted to the study of burnout, which is interpreted as the inability to perform professional duties at the proper level due to prolonged physical and/or mental overload. The main content of the study is to determine the possibilities of prevention of professional burnout of a social worker in order to ensure his physical and mental health.Scientific opinions and positions on the relevance, purpose, multifaceted nature, content of prevention, objective and subjective factors of prevention, differences in organizational and psychological and pedagogical influences of prevention, the specifics of social prevention and prevention. As well as the impact on the professional activities of social norms and deviations from norms, values, responsibilities. The causes of burnout can be differentiated by the nature of the determination. Among the main groups of determinants – social, medical, biological, psychological. The conducted survey among social specialists on the state of professional burnout revealed certain tendencies and regularities among them. This was evidenced by statistics relating to the factors influencing the professional burnout of the specialist, as well as their dynamics. The basis of professional activity should be to provide conditions for this. However, collective life, in addition to having advantages, is also endowed with negative features. Indicators of collective distress that have a direct impact on the professional burnout of an individual member of the team are identified. These include problems and / or lack of corporate culture; dissatisfaction with the psychological atmosphere prevailing in the team; presence of conflict situations, quarrels, intrigue; absence or problems of interpersonal communication in the team, division into groups; low level of mutual assistance and support, unwillingness to maintain friendly relations; no punishment for guilt, reaction to negative behavior of colleagues, control over subjective factors; lack of prospects for team development; lack of conditions for personal development and formation; lack of measures to prevent occupational burnout. For comparison, the experimental study involved people who did not suffer from burnout and people who survived the state of burnout. Thus, people who have experienced a state of burnout have much deeper psycho-emotional disorders. Their professional experience is characterized by significant negative experiences and beliefs. Positive corporate social ties have been disrupted in their lives, which can lead to disruption in other areas: family, personal, spiritual and emotional. That is, it causes a number of other shifts. Certain trends are evidenced by statistics on the assessment of the existing risks of burnout, which concern specialists in various fields: almost all recognized the fact of burnout to varying degrees; the vast majority of respondents assess the ability to perform professional duties generally well, but the lack of an absolute answer also indicates the risks involved; mostly the presence of risks of burnout is assessed indirectly. On the basis of statistical indicators of occupational burnout, their dynamics can be distinguished victim groups. Given the classification of propensity to burnout, prevention technologies can be used. In each of the three cases, the approach will be different. It is established that a special place is occupied by the subjective factor of professional activity. Professional burnout is caused by various factors: social and organizational conditions of functioning of collective, legislative and normative-organizational maintenance of process of work; individual and personal qualities of personality, stress resistance, motivation of activity; compliance of qualities and personality traits with the requirements of the chosen profession, professional competence; ability to work in a team, ability to take into account the opinions and positions of others, sociability; availability of life, professional experience; psychological compatibility of individual team members; ability to control the situation in the team by management; corporate culture, the presence of common interests and activities, interest in the development and prosperity of the team. Theoretical analysis and experimental study of problems related to burnout indicate the presence of risks in the professional activities of professionals from different social structures. That is, it depends not so much on objective factors as on the subjective attitude of the individual to himself and his mental and physical health. And the problem looks not so much psychological as psychological and pedagogical.

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AJALA, E. M., and I. M. OJEDOKUN. "EFFECTIVENESS OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH INTERVENTION PROGRAMME ON WORK PLACE ENVIRONMENTAL RISKS AND STRESS MANAGEMENT AMONG NURSES IN SOUTH-WEST NIGERIA." Journal of Humanities, Social Science and Creative Arts 11, no. 1 (November 22, 2017): 3–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.51406/jhssca.v11i1.1664.

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The nurse’s role has long been regarded as stress filled based on the physical labour human suffering, work hours, staffing and interpersonal relationships that are central to the work nurses do. Occupational stress is thus, a recognized problem among health care workers in general. Nursing has therefore been identified as an occupation that has high level of risks and stress in the work place environment. Therefore the study investigated the effects of occupational health intervention programme on environmental risks and stress management of staff nurses in South-west Nigeria. A pretest, posttest, control group, quasi-experimental research design was adopted. Two hundred and twenty five (225) respondents were selected for the study. One hundred and twelve (112) respondents were used as experimental group while one hundred and thirteen (113) respondents were used as control group. Fish bowl method was used for grouping the participants into experimental and control groups respectively. A self-developed questionnaire tagged ‘Occupational Health Intervention Programme, Environmental Risks and Stress Management Questionnaire OHIPERSMQ’ with a reliability coefficient of 0.88 was used. The experimentation lasted 8 weeks. Analysis was done using ANCOVA and Multiple Classification Analysis. Hypotheses were tested at 0.05 alpha level. Findings revealed that occupational health intervention programme has significant effect on risk management knowledge of staff nurses. The experimental group had mean = 4.44, better than the control group that had mean = 2.92. Also, occupational health intervention programme had significant effect on stress management knowledge of nurses with experimental group mean = 7.78, better than the control group mean = 2.36. Based on these findings, it was recommended that medical social workers should ensure that nurses participate in educational training in skills associated with risk reduction, stress reduction and safety promotion so as to guarantee their wellbeing and good job performance.

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Navarro Moya, P., E. Villar Hoz, and M. González Carrasco. "How medical transport service professionals perceive risk/protective factors with regard to occupational burnout syndrome: Differences and similarities between an Anglo-American and Franco-German model." Work 67, no. 2 (November 9, 2020): 295–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/wor-203280.

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BACKGROUND: Several studies show that professionals in the two main models of pre-hospital care (Franco-German (FG) and Anglo-American (AA)) are exposed to different psychosocial risk factors, with consequences such as burnout syndrome. Few studies provide information on protective factors, nor are there any results on risk/protective factors from the perspective of professionals and comparing both models (FG and AA). OBJECTIVE: From the perspective of medical transport (MT) professionals, we aimed to identify the risk/protective factors that may be involved in occupational burnout syndrome (OBS), comparing Franco-German (FG) and Anglo-American (AA) pre-hospital care models, as well as emergency (EMT) and non-emergency (non-EMT) services. METHOD: This was a qualitative research, through 12 semi-structured, in-depth interviews with participants chosen through intentional and snowball sampling. Content analysis and coding was carried out based on Bronfenbrenner’s ecological model and supported by the N-VIVO computer program. RESULTS: Our results illustrate the multi-causal nature of OBS, with risk/protective factors interacting at different levels of the ecological model. Among the data found at the different levels, some of the risk factors provoking OBS most commonly cited by professionals from both models are: work overload, work schedules, the coordinating centre, relationships with managers, the lack of work-life balance, the institutional model, the privatization of companies and the bureaucratization of management. The most cited factors acting as protectors include the stress involved in the emergency services, relationships with colleagues, relationships with other professionals or users, and social recognition. DISCUSSION: In general, we conclude that there are more similarities than differences in terms of how the workers in each model perceive the risk/protective factors.

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Golding, Sarah E., Claire Horsfield, Annette Davies, Bernadette Egan, Martyn Jones, Mary Raleigh, Patricia Schofield, et al. "Exploring the psychological health of emergency dispatch centre operatives: a systematic review and narrative synthesis." PeerJ 5 (October 17, 2017): e3735. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.3735.

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Background The study objective was to investigate and synthesize available evidence relating to the psychological health of Emergency Dispatch Centre (EDC) operatives, and to identify key stressors experienced by EDC operatives. Methods Eight electronic databases (Embase, PubMed, Medline, CINAHL, PsycInfo, PsycArticles, The Psychology and Behavioural Sciences Collection, and Google Scholar) were searched. All study designs were included, and no date limits were set. Studies were included if they were published in English, and explored the psychological health of any EDC operatives, across fire, police, and emergency medical services. Studies were excluded if they related solely to other emergency workers, such as police officers or paramedics. Methodological quality of included studies was assessed using checklists adapted from the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme. A narrative synthesis was conducted, using thematic analysis. Results A total of 16 articles were included in the review. Two overarching themes were identified during the narrative synthesis: ‘Organisational and Operational Factors’ and ‘Interactions with Others’. Stressors identified included being exposed to traumatic calls, lacking control over high workload, and working in under-resourced and pressured environments. Lack of support from management and providing an emotionally demanding service were additional sources of stress. Peer support and social support from friends and family were helpful in managing work-related stress. Discussion EDC operatives experience stress as a result of their work, which appears to be related to negative psychological health outcomes. Future research should explore the long-term effects of this stress, and the potential for workplace interventions to alleviate the negative impacts on psychological health. PROSPERO Registration Number CRD42014010806.

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Broers, Michelle, Jodi Wojcik, and Lindsey k. Journey. "579 Benefits of Licensed Clinical Social Worker Utilization in an Adult Burn Clinic: More Than Just Checking the Box." Journal of Burn Care & Research 42, Supplement_1 (April 1, 2021): S141. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jbcr/irab032.229.

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Abstract Introduction Our burn institution cares for critically ill burn patients and provides post-acute care for a large referral base. The clinic is staffed by a wound certified physical therapist, an advanced practice registered nurse and a licensed clinical social worker (LCSW), with consult access to Trauma/Burn Surgeons. The incidence of acute stress symptoms after burn injury is noted in up to 35% to 40% of patients. Therefore, it is important to identify symptoms of anxiety and depression early and begin symptom management. Burn patients have access to a multi-disciplinary team, and a licensed therapist, that can identify symptoms of acute stress and make recommendations for appropriate treatment in concert with the medical staff. This project seeks to determine the prevalence of acute stress in post-acute burn patients seen in an adult burn clinic and the benefits of utilizing a Licensed Clinical Social Worker to perform screening. Methods For a one-year period all burn patients in the burn clinic were screened by the LCSW. The subjects underwent initial screenings for depression, anxiety, and suicide risk at their first clinic visit. The PHQ-2 and PHQ-9 were utilized to assess depression, the GAD-7 for anxiety and the Columbia Suicide scale to assess suicide risk. Patients were initiated into multi-modal therapies based on specific scoring. These intervention strategies were based on the Depression Screening Protocol which included education on depression, and/or anxiety, with or without participation in a Trauma/Burn Peer Support Group. Patients were prescribed medication per provider discretion, and/or connected to community resources such as, counseling, and psychiatric mental health services. Results During the one-year assessment period screening compliance was >90%. During this period, >50% of patient’s scores were clinically significant for acute stress. Over half of those that screened positive were connected to community resources of counseling services or psychiatric care. 100% of those that screened positive were given education and connection to peer support services. An incidental correlation was noted between increased total body surface area involvement and work-related accidents with increased symptomology. Conclusions The inclusion of an LCSW in the burn clinic has improved the overall care of the burn injured patient. The assessment of depression and anxiety related to the burn injury has led to an increase in peer support participation and an increase in referrals to counseling and/or psychiatric services.

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Wagner, Jon A. "Managing Shiftwork." Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting 32, no. 13 (October 1988): 766. http://dx.doi.org/10.1518/107118188786762261.

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As our culture increasingly depends on round-the-clock operations to provide necessary services and efficiently utilize productive capacities, more and more people are required to work shiftwork. Shiftwork, as experienced in this country, normally includes work during hours of darkness and work on weekends. Often, this round-the-clock coverage requires workers to “rotate” through three shifts (day, afternoon, and night), or to work a steady run of afternoon or night shifts. Previous research has linked shiftwork with disruptions of family life, health, sleep, safety, and productivity, in a variety of work situations. In addition, a poorly designed work schedule can adversely affect job satisfaction, employee turnover, and absenteeism. Given these facts, managers need to be made more aware of these often hidden challenges facing them and their workers. The way to meet these challenges is with research, education, and implementation of improved methods of scheduling and handling the management of shiftworkers. Such experimental improvements have already paid benefits both on and off the job for workers in some continuous operations. The successful management of shiftwork can involve many of the following approaches: 1) selecting workers who are biologically and psychologically adept at handling night work and/or changes in schedules, 2) selecting out potential shiftworkers who have medical predispositions toward illness on shiftwork schedules, 3) training workers and their families on how to cope with shiftwork, especially in the areas of family life, stress, sleep, and nutrition, 4) analyzing and matching the site-dependent operational, biological, and social requirements to an appropriate shiftwork schedule, and 5) surveying the workforce periodically and studying safety, productivity, and absence records to ascertain problems with (and possible modifications to) the current shiftwork schedule. It is important to note that the above list encompasses many disciplines and approaches to improving the status quo of shiftwork. This multi-faceted nature can best be termed a “human factors” approach, which necessarily should recognize all the components in this complex sociological-biological-technological system. It is hoped that human factors specialists will lend their considerable broad-based talents to solving shiftwork problems in the decades to come. The four papers in this session represent the major ways human resource managers can improve the work life of shiftworkers. The first report, by Dr. Charles A. Czeisler, describes in detail how shiftwork schedules can be designed for maximum biocompatibility, based on an actual intervention at a selected work site. The second paper, by Dr. Marty Klein, reports the comparative analysis of 8-hour versus 12-hour shifts in a case study of the electric power industry. This topic is especially appropriate, given the current popularity of compressed workweeks among many industrial workers. The third presentation, by Ms. Janie O'Connor, illustrates the design and utilization of a shiftworker training program to enhance the coping skills of shiftworkers and their families. In addition, the results of a public health intervention study of shiftworkers in the paper and mining industries will be presented. Finally, the fourth paper, by Dr. Susan Koen, discusses the critical role of organizational development in creating a management culture best capable of running 24-hour organizations. Each of these contributions represents a blend of theory, research, and actual practice in solving parts of the puzzle on how to manage shiftwork.

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Raudeliunaite, Rita, and Giedre Volff. "The causes of stress at work amongst social workers." SHS Web of Conferences 85 (2020): 03004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20208503004.

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Social workers work in an ever-changing social, political and cultural environment, they are exposed to contacts with persons of different social backgrounds, people experiencing behavioural and various social problems. In complicated, ever-continuing, multidimensional situations, there arises the risk of stress. In order to manage stress at work, it is important to identify the causes of stress. The objective of this study is to reveal the causes of stress experienced by social workers at work basing on the experience of social workers. Qualitative research type was chosen for the study. The method of a semi-structured interview with social workers, who work in different institutions providing social services, was used. The study revealed both external and internal causes posing stress to social workers at work. The external causes of stress are associated with working conditions, for example, the absence of stability and clarity at work. Social workers often remain alone to resolve problems; they can have a heavy workload. There is the lack of cooperation between institutions, such as the police and other institutions when they inform about the problematic behaviour of their client. Stress is caused by the absence of change and excessively high requirements for an employee. Social workers experience negative behaviour of service receivers, for example, threat of physical violence, psychological violence, and pressure from clients in order to receive something. Relationships with management can also cause stress. There is the lack of incentive, the lack of benevolence, an employee is noticed only when he needs “to be taught a lesson”; the conditions of employment are not satisfactory – an employee is offered only a fixed-term contract, low pay. The internal causes of stress are related to excessively high requirements for social workers, the pursuit of perfection when resolving the problems of service receivers, the fear of failure and an inflated sense of responsibility.

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Huang, Ying-Hua, Chen-Yu Sung, Wei Tong Chen, and Shu-Shun Liu. "Relationships between Social Support, Social Status Perception, Social Identity, Work Stress, and Safety Behavior of Construction Site Management Personnel." Sustainability 13, no. 6 (March 14, 2021): 3184. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13063184.

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The occupational injury death rate and mortality ratio owing to cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases in the construction industry are the highest among all industries in Taiwan. Reducing work stress and improving safety behavior is a must for reducing occupational disasters and diseases. Construction site management personnel’s safety behavior is an important paradigm for construction workers. This study explored the relationships among work stress, safety behavior, professional identity, social status perception, and social support for construction site management personnel by using structural equation modeling (SEM). The results indicated that low work stress can lead to favorable safety behavior. Greater company support, family support, and professional identity reduce work stress. Social status perception negatively influences work stress indirectly through the mediation of professional identity. The results revealed that construction site management personnel working within an exempt employee system (i.e., no overtime pay and compensatory leave) exhibited a significantly higher effort/reward ratio than those without this system. Gender, headquarter location, and site location also significantly influenced the on-site management personnel’s effort/reward ratio.

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Hu, Yixin, Dawei Wang, Guangxing Xu, and Ping Xu. "The Relationship Between Work Stress and Mental Health in Medical Workers in East China." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 42, no. 2 (March 15, 2014): 237–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2014.42.2.237.

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We evaluated the relationship between work stress and mental health in 440 medical workers in East China. We used a modified version of the Work Stress Profile with good psychometric properties to evaluate 3 dimensions of work stress: task, interpersonal relationship, and role ambiguity. Results showed that role ambiguity work stress was higher in women than in men and overall work stress and task work stress were higher in married than in unmarried participants. In addition, overall work stress and interpersonal relationship work stress were higher in participants who worked in urban areas than in those who worked in rural areas. Work stress was positively correlated with mental health, which was measured with the Symptom Checklist-90-R. Interpersonal relationship work stress and role ambiguity work stress were significant predictors of mental health.

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Rose, Sarah, and George Palattiyil. "Surviving or thriving? Enhancing the emotional resilience of social workers in their organisational settings." Journal of Social Work 20, no. 1 (August 22, 2018): 23–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468017318793614.

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Summary High rates of absence due to stress, and issues with recruitment and retention of staff suggest that social work is a challenging profession. Despite this, many social workers gain a great deal of satisfaction from their role. Various studies have focused on stress management in social work. Less attention has been paid to how social workers maintain resilience in the face of challenges and thrive in their role. Drawing on a social constructionist approach to explore how social workers conceptualise emotional resilience in the context of their profession, data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 13 social workers employed in local authority teams. Findings The findings highlight how emotional resilience tended to be associated with stress management by the social workers interviewed. Organisational and structural factors were felt to threaten resilience more than the emotional intensity of working with service users. Application When resilience is conceptualised as stress management, sources of adversity need to be addressed to enable social workers to survive. Resilience needs to be reconceptualised as positive adaptation to the challenges of the social work role in order to promote factors that enable workers to thrive. The insights from the study exhort us to re-examine the scope of social work organisations to enhance the resilience of their workers.

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Platt, Rheanna, and Sarah Polk. "2331 Community-informed adaptation of Group Well Child visits for limited English proficiency Latino families." Journal of Clinical and Translational Science 2, S1 (June 2018): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cts.2018.244.

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OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: We propose to adapt a curriculum for group well-child care in order to (1) improve the experience of care for Latino immigrant families, (2) better address maternal psychosocial concerns impacting parenting and (3) teach parenting practices that promote healthy behaviors, and (4) improve LEP parent health literacy, engagement, and self-management in care. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: This study is composed of a series of focus groups with 4 target populations: (1) The Johns Hopkins Bayview Children’s Medical Practice Latino Family Advisory Board (LFAB) (multiple meetings). The LFAB has been in existence since 2011, and has experience in iteratively adapting educational materials, both written and video, and in providing input on social work services and healthcare utilization. We will meet with the LFAB over the course of up to 8 meetings. During these meetings, the following themes will be discussed: (A) The concept of Group Well Child Care will be discussed and LFAB members will be asked about potential benefits and drawbacks of this format. (B) LFAB members will also be asked about group discussion topics that should be prioritized. Study staff will both bring up a list of topics (feeding, sleep, development, behavior, parent stress) and ask for input on additional items that should be discussed. (C) Core components of the mothers and babies course, a group perinatal depression intervention originally developed with Latina mothers, will be presented and discussed with board members, who will be asked to prioritize the components for salience and perceived helpfulness as well as inclusion in the Group Visit Curriculum. Potential benefits and drawbacks of including components of this program will also be asked of LFAB members. Members will not be asked about their depressive symptoms. (2) Pediatric providers (including social workers, MDs, NPs, and RNs) (1 focus group) who agree to participate will also be asked about perceived benefits and drawbacks of the group well-child care model, topics that should be prioritized in the educational components, and the benefits and drawbacks of including components of a perinatal depression prevention program in the group well child visit curriculum. (3) Obstetric group visit providers—Obstetric providers of group prenatal care to LEP Latinas at JHBMC will be asked about the benefits and drawbacks of group prenatal care with their patient population, as well as topics perceived to be of relevance to the patient population based on their experience with group prenatal care and discussions that emerged during the course of the facilitated groups. (4) Obstetric group visit patients (3 focus groups) LEP Latina patients who have participated in at least 3 group prenatal visits will be invited to participate in focus groups exploring the aforementioned topics. The experience of discussing psychosocial issues, including maternal depressive symptoms, in the group visit format will be emphasized. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: One focus group with obstetric providers and has thus far been conducted. Obstetric providers reported that patients were very open in discussing prior experiences with postpartum depression, and discussed feelings of loneliness with their peers in this setting. Anxiety was also frequently discussed. History of domestic violence was discussed more frequently than current domestic violence. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Group visits may represent an opportunity to more effectively address psychosocial concerns in Latinas. Work needs to be done to understand which topics are most effectively and appropriately addressed in the group Versus individual format.

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Magnavita, Nicola, and Sergio Garbarino. "Social Psychiatry in the Waiting Room: What a Physician Can Learn about Occupational Stress from Workers Waiting to Be Examined." Psychiatry Journal 2013 (2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/701872.

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Background. Work-related stress is a major problem for mental health. The occupational physician has the opportunity to gather information on the perception of stress from workers in the course of regular medical examinations.Method. 1,231 subjects, engaged in 6 different occupations, were invited to compile the Demand/Control/Support and the Effort/Reward/Imbalance questionnaires.Results. A specific profile of work-related stress emerged for each group of workers. Radiology physicians reported high control over work, but also exceedingly high demand and effort, high overcommitment, low social support, and low rewards from work. Health care workers were often overcommitted but had high levels of reward and social support. Low levels of social support and reward were recorded for mature workers, while special force policemen engaged in law enforcement during the G8 meeting had high levels of social support and regards, so that their resulting stress levels were closer to the reference group of employees in an insurance company with no front-office.Conclusion. The practice of administering questionnaires to groups of workers who are subject to medical surveillance is useful for monitoring mental health and well-being.

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Ralli, Claire, Michelle Bailiff, Crystal Fields-Burdick, Kali Gajewski, Tara Garza, Nora Larson, and Lydia Mills. "Provider perceptions of the social work role in oncologic pain management." Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, no. 27_suppl (September 20, 2019): 214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2019.37.27_suppl.214.

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214 Background: Best practices of cancer care delivery have shifted from medical models to interdisciplinary approaches aimed at holistic care. The social work profession has advanced itself by gaining competence in psycho-oncology, advance care planning, biopsychosocial assessment and intervention, and pain management. While Masters prepared Social Workers (MSW) are widely recognized as experts in most of these areas, it appears that they are underutilized in pain management. This study will examine provider and nursing perceptions about social work expertise and whether those perceptions may limit utilization of social work in multidisciplinary management of cancer pain. Methods: While review of psycho-oncology literature supports the role of social work in pain management, this was not clearly indicated within the medical oncology domain. A survey was created to ascertain the perception of the MSW role in pain management as a supplement to pharmacologic and medically-based care when identifying and treating multidimensional pain. The survey was completed by Physicians, Advanced Practice Providers, and Nurses in outpatient oncology practices in The US Oncology Network. Results: 139 medical professionals responded. As hypothesized, 88% reported they were comfortable with MSWs conducting Advance Care Planning, while 61% reported being comfortable with MSWs educating patients and families about pain management during palliative/end of life care. 95% believed unmet emotional, social, spiritual and existential needs can present as physiological pain, however only 55% indicated they would include Licensed Clinical Social Workers to provide therapeutic interventions as part of pain management. Conclusions: Under half of survey participants reported an understanding of the scope of social work practice, which aligns with the lack of awareness and under-utilization of social work as a vital contributor in oncologic pain management. MSWs have training in evidence-based interventions such as CBT, guided imagery, mindfulness and biofeedback techniques which may diminish the experience of pain. Further research is recommended to identify strategies to promote and integrate social work into multidisciplinary pain management.

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Vîrgă, Delia, Elena-Loreni Baciu, Theofild-Andrei Lazăr, and Daria Lupșa. "Psychological Capital Protects Social Workers from Burnout and Secondary Traumatic Stress." Sustainability 12, no. 6 (March 13, 2020): 2246. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12062246.

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Summary: To counteract the negative consequences inherent to the emotionally demanding professions like social work, we need to advance the understanding of the resources that preserve the employees’ well-being. This study investigated the role of Psychological Capital (PsyCap) in protecting social workers from developing burnout and Secondary Traumatic Stress (STS). The design of the study builds on the job demands-resources model and the conservation of resources theory. A national sample of 193 Romanian social workers participated in the study. We used the structural equation modeling framework for data analysis. We tested two structural models that had burnout as a mediator for the relationship between PsyCap and STS: A partial mediation model and a total mediation model. Findings: The total mediation model was supported by our data suggesting that PsyCap has a protective role against burnout, and subsequently, STS. Moreover, the results indicate that burnout is the critical link between personal resources and STS. Applications: The results of the study contribute to enhancing the protection of the social workers’ well-being in their professional settings, by advancing the knowledge about the resources that need to be developed in order to prevent or reduce the negative job consequences associated with helping professions. As such, increasing PsyCap levels of employees enhance the sustainability of their working conditions.

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Acker, G. "Job Stress Associated with Managed Care Mental Health Services Among Social Workers in the USA." European Psychiatry 24, S1 (January 2009): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(09)71465-8.

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This study examined the complex interrelationships among work related stressors associated with managed care mental health services and burnout of social workers. The recent national trends in mental health care in the USA, driven by the rising costs of inpatient treatment have resulted in a reduced psychiatric inpatient census, increase in outpatient clients with severe and persistent mental illness (SPMI), new regulations and constraints, and increases in management activities and paperwork. The new economic decisions about mental health care have also resulted in changes in the work roles of social workers as well as other helping professionals (psychiatrists, psychologists), and in new ethical dilemmas, and disillusionment regarding mental health practice. A total of 591 social workers practicing in mental health agencies in New York State completed self-administered and anonymous questionnaire packets that included several measures: Level of conflict that workers experience when interfacing with managed care organizations (CMC), organizational commitment, emotional exhaustion, and turnover intentions. Results showed that CMC had statistically significant correlations with organizational commitment and with emotional exhaustion. The researcher discusses the role of social work schools and other related academic programs as well as agencies in offering new educational opportunities and training in order to improve workers’ skills which are necessary for communicating and negotiating with managed care organizations.

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Conner, Deondra. "Positive social identity expectations as a moderator of interpersonal justice perceptions." Journal of Management Development 34, no. 4 (April 13, 2015): 395–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jmd-04-2014-0033.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine positive social identity expectations as a potential moderator of interpersonal justice perceptions with work-related stress, leader evaluation, and worker satisfaction as outcomes of interest. Design/methodology/approach – A set of propositions and several diagrams are proposed and discussed relative to the interaction of social identity expectations and interpersonal justice perceptions. Findings – It is argued that individuals with higher levels of positive social identity expectations will respond more strongly to perceived interpersonal justice, resulting in lower perceived stress, more positive leader evaluation, and higher worker satisfaction. Originality/value – Examining the interaction of positive social identity expectations and interpersonal justice is of value to both academicians and practitioners for future study and for creating a work community that allows for better management of workers.

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Dima, Gabriela, Luiza Meseșan Schmitz, and Marinela-Cristina Șimon. "Job Stress and Burnout among Social Workers in the VUCA World of COVID-19 Pandemic." Sustainability 13, no. 13 (June 24, 2021): 7109. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13137109.

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This paper aimed to explore the changes posed by the new COVID-19 pandemic to the field of social work and its impact on social workers in terms of job stress and burnout in Romania. Two conceptual models were used to frame the discussion: the theoretical framework of VUCA (volatility, uncertainty, complexity, and ambiguity) to discuss the challenges that the unprecedented context of the COVID-19 pandemic has created for social workers; and the Job Demands and Resources model (JD-R) to understand job demands perceived as stressors and burnout. Based on convergent mixed methods, the study sample consisted of 83 social workers employed in statutory and private social services in Romania, from different areas of intervention. Results showed that social workers perceived a high level of job stress related to work during the pandemic, which was associated with higher levels of burnout in the areas of personal burnout (average score 55.9) and work-related burnout (average score 52.5). Client-related burnout was lower (average score 38.4), indicating that stress was generated mainly by organisational factors and work-related factors (workload, aligning to new legislative rules and decisions, inconsistency, instability, ambiguity of managerial decisions, and lack of clarity of working procedures) and less by client-related stressors (lack of direct contact with clients, risk of contamination, managing beneficiaries’ fears, and difficulties related to technology). High job demands and limited job resources (managerial and supervisory support, financial resources, and recognition and reward) led to a high to very high level of work-related burnout for 15.7% and an upper-medium level for 44.2% of respondents. A group of 27.7% reported lower to medium levels of work-related burnout, while 14.5% had very low levels, managing to handle stress factors in a healthy manner. Study results pointed to the importance of organisational support and the development of a self-care plan that help to protect against job stress and burnout. Recommendations were made, putting forward the voice of fieldworkers and managers fostering initiatives and the application of sustainability-based measures and activities designed to deal with the challenges of the VUCA environment.

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Moore, Phoebe V. "Tracking Affective Labour for Agility in the Quantified Workplace." Body & Society 24, no. 3 (August 17, 2018): 39–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1357034x18775203.

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Sensory and tracking technologies are being introduced into workplaces in ways Taylor and the Gilbreths could only have imagined. New work design experiments merge wellness with productivity to measure and modulate the affective and emotional labour of resilience that is necessary to survive the turbulence of the widespread incorporation of agile management systems, in which workers are expected to take symbolic direction from machines. The Quantified Workplace project was carried out by one company that fitted sensory algorithmic devices to workers’ computers and bodies, which, this article argues, identify workers’ so-called agility and reveal management practices that track affective and emotional labour, categorized in the project as stress, subjective productivity and wellbeing. Capital’s accelerated attempts to capture more areas of work and workers’ capacities facilitate the conversion of labour power into a source of value but also results in alienation and abstraction. Participants’ resistance to participation in the Quantified Workplace reveals tensions in the labour process when affect is measured in processes of corporate change.

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Han, Tae Young, and Kelly A. Cotter. "Work-related stress factors and health management among Korean workers with diabetes." Journal of Managerial Psychology 30, no. 4 (May 11, 2015): 470–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jmp-11-2012-0364.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to test a model in which emotional and work-related conflicts associated with diabetes contribute to health management efficacy and behaviour. Design/methodology/approach – The authors investigated 193 Korean employees with diabetes in a two-phased longitudinal study (101 participants were retained at Time 2). Findings – After controlling for severity of diabetes (HbA1C), structural equation modelling revealed that higher work-health conflict (a proxy for demand) and higher inauthenticity at work (a proxy for control) were associated with more diabetes-related distress at Time 1. Results also revealed support for longitudinal mediation, such that more diabetes-related distress at Time 1 predicted lower health management efficacy one year later (at Time 2), which was associated with less health management behaviour at Time 2. Research limitations/implications – Results support the importance of applying the biopsychosocial perspective to diabetes management through the use of subjective measures of demand and control. Practical implications – Suggestions are provided for occupational programmes for workers with disease, including on-site education, health-management training, and flexible job redesign such as telecommuting. Originality/value – Research in workers with diabetes for stress relief and disease management.

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Giles, Rebecca. "Social workers’ perceptions of multi-disciplinary team work: A case study of health social workers at a major regional hospital in New Zealand." Aotearoa New Zealand Social Work 28, no. 1 (July 8, 2016): 25–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.11157/anzswj-vol28iss1id113.

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INTRODUCTION: International research has highlighted the importance of effective multidisciplinary team (MDT) functioning in health care settings: when collaboration between disciplines is effective, higher quality patient care results; whereas poor MDT functioning is associated with deleterious health outcomes. This study explores the findings of a small-scale case study into social workers’ views of MDT functioning at a major, regional public hospital in New Zealand.METHODS: Data was collected using in-depth interviews with eight health social workers and one focus group with three additional health social workers. Thematic analysis was used to identify key themes, and a discourse analysis undertaken to identify predominant discourses evident in the data.FINDINGS: Study participants considered that when MDTs were well-facilitated important non-medical aspects of patient care were addressed: patient care and discharge plans were communicated clearly and consistently to patients and families, and coordination between MDT members was effective. However, participants also identified occasions when the facilitation of MDTs was poor, where meetings were unstructured and unfocussed, and where social work and patient concerns with wider non-medical issues was devalued. Participants considered that such situations could lead to confusion and distress for patients and a failure to coordinate effective plans for discharge.CONCLUSION: The findings from this case-study suggest that, from the perspective of health social workers, ineffective facilitation of MDTs, an undue emphasis on the discourse of the patient as a ‘site of disease’, and a preoccupation with the management of risk can demote and devalue more holistic patient-centred perspectives, and the effectiveness of important, nonmedical aspects of patient care.

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Yousaf, Saira, Muhammad Imran Rasheed, Zahid Hameed, and Adeel Luqman. "Occupational stress and its outcomes: the role of work-social support in the hospitality industry." Personnel Review 49, no. 3 (October 16, 2019): 755–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/pr-11-2018-0478.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to apply conservation of resource (COR) theory and the buffering hypothesis of social support to explore occupational stress and its negative outcomes such as job engagement and turnover intentions for front-line hospitality industry employees in the People’s Republic of China. Design/methodology/approach Primary data were collected in two waves from 318 front-line employees in a chain of restaurants located in the eastern region of the People’s Republic of China. Findings Integrating COR theory and the buffering hypothesis of social support, job satisfaction is found to be a mediating mechanism in the relationships between occupational stress and job engagement and occupational stress and employee turnover intentions for front-line hospitality industry workers. Moreover, the authors found the boundary condition role of work-social support. The relationships between stress and its negative outcomes are weak for the employees receiving high social support at work. Originality/value This study calls for researchers’ attention towards the issues of occupational stress focussing on the implications of work-social support for front-line hospitality industry employees.

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NEJIB, SEJRI, BOUSSAADOUN SLIM, FAOUZI SAKLY, and GHAZI ELBICHE. "Stress studies for clothing companies applying the social relationship of companies." Industria Textila 71, no. 01 (February 27, 2020): 62–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.35530/it.071.01.1656.

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Mental healt is a major component of human health in the workplace. The phenomenon of stress felt by workers inEurope is in the order of 22%. A study conducted by the Higher Institute of Work and Health (ISST) (2007–2009),showed that the stress in Tunisia was in the order of 17%. In France the stress is 12.6% and in the United States ofAmerica (USA) is in the order of 12%. In this context, the aim of this study is to use the Karazek method and the stratifiedsampling method to evaluate the psychosocial (PSR) and psycho-organizational risks of Tunisian staff in northernTunisia within a grou. of 4 companies applying the method (CSR) social relationship of companies to the clothing sectorand their prevalence in the sections studied. The overall average total percentage of stress at work (JOB strain) that wefound is 15.4% which were distributed in 7 sections of which those with significant percentages are: the ironing which isin the order 4.8% of the Stressed population and represents 31.16% of the overall stress of the same section, thepreparation accounts 3.6% of the population and 23.37% of the global stress. In order to the well-being at work, to fightagainst the occupational diseases, the demotivation, brain drain, the bad process of the recruitments, the sources ofnonperformance, the errors of forgetfulness, the defects and the organizational attempts to reduce the percentage ofstress and to bring appropriate solutions

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Gorblyansky, Yu Yu, E. P. Kontorovich, N. V. Yakovleva, and О. P. Ponamareva. "Rostov State Medical University." Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology, no. 7 (July 31, 2018): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.31089/1026-9428-2018-7-39-44.

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Integrated approach to occupational health preservation is based on complex consideration of work conditions (factors of working environment and working process, and psycho-social factors) wiThevaluation of health state and management practice of employer, coordinating topics of work safety and health preservation for workers engaged into electric locomotive construction plant. Based on integrated approach, there is a possibility to specify complex preventive program including work safety, worker health and well-being at workplace.

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Wall, Cindy L., James R. P. Ogloff, and Shirley A. Morrissey. "Psychological Consequences of Work Injury: Personality, Trauma and Psychological Distress Symptoms of Noninjured Workers and Injured Workers Returning To, or Remaining at Work." International Journal of Disability Management 2, no. 2 (May 1, 2007): 37–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/jdmr.2.2.37.

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AbstractDespite growing recognition of the importance of psychosocial factors in reducing ongoing work disability, research into the psychological consequences for injured workers who remain at, or return to work is limited. This study compares injured workers who have returned to, or remained at, work with noninjured workers on measures of personality, trauma symptoms, and symptoms of psychological distress. Data from structured clinical interviews, psychological and self-report questionnaires were gathered from 29 workers, 14 of whom were recovering from an injury at the time of participation. Injured workers demonstrated higher levels of Neuroticism and lower Extraversion, indicating greater emotional instability and lower capacity for adaptively coping with stress when compared to noninjured workers. They also reported subclinical elevations on scales of trauma symptoms, and greater levels of depressive symptoms, somatic complaints, anxiety and sleep disturbance in comparison with noninjured workers. These results suggest that the psychological consequences for workers who return to, or remain at, work following injury may reduce adaptation and increase vulnerability to secondary work disability.

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Mutaqin, Zaenal. "Factors Related Work Load Stress Among Migrant Semi-Skilled Workers in Messaieed Qatar." South East Asia Nursing Research 1, no. 1 (June 23, 2019): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.26714/seanr.1.1.2019.27-36.

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Stress is a condition arising from the gap between the demands generated by the transaction between individual and environment with resources of the biological, psychological, or social system. This study aims to determine factors that led to the stress of Indonesian semi-skill migrant workers in Messaieed Qatar. Method using descriptive analytical study with cross-sectional design. The study sample was 70 respondents of semi skill Indonesia migrant workers in Messaieed Qatar. The results showed a relationship between physical condition with the level of stress (p value=0.000 with r=0.407), the better of physical condition the milder levels of stress. There is a relationship between psychological burden with the level of stress (p value=0.01 with r=0.305), the lighter of psychological burden the milder level of stress. There is no relationship between extreme weather with the level of stress (p value=0.252 with r=0.139). There is a relationship between workload with the level of stress (p value=0.001 with r=0.379), the lighter workload the milder level of stress. There was a relationship between neighborhood conditions with stress level (p value=0.000 with r=0.541), the better condition of the neighborhood the milder level of stress. Recommendations of this study are Messaieed Medical Center to provide counseling and education about stress, how to reduce the stress on their own and social support. Companies where the respondents worked need to make some modifications of the environment such as conducted sport activities, a regular of spiritual tutorial activities, and other positive activities.

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Abrams, Thereasa E., Mary L. Held, Alison Lloyd, and Jessica Skeesick. "567 A Qualitative Exploration of Social Workers as Members of Burn Care Teams." Journal of Burn Care & Research 41, Supplement_1 (March 2020): S124—S125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jbcr/iraa024.195.

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Abstract Introduction Social workers as members of interprofessional teams are important in treating the psychosocial sequela of trauma and burn injuries. However, the specific skills needed and roles of social workers on treatment teams can be confusing and poorly articulated not only by medical providers, but even among social workers themselves. This qualitative study was designed to increase both the breadth and depth of knowledge related to social work practice on interprofessional burn care teams. Methods Primarily qualitative methods were used to explore the roles of social workers employed on burn care teams. In addition to conducting individual interviews, brief surveys were collected from each of the social work participants (N = 11) focused on participant work environments and demographics. All qualitative interviews were transcribed verbatim to capture the perceptions of participants in their own words. Each interview was analyzed and coded by at least two research team members using NVivo 12 (QSR International, 2018). Analysis applied grounded theory strategies for inductive thematic approaches. Results Ten females and one male participated. All participants held some level of professional license and had a mean of 4.69 years of experience working in a burn center (range = 1–13 years). Themes and sub-themes derived between and across participant interviews were: “Skills” (building trust/rapport, thorough assessment of needs, support, communication, case management, trauma-informed therapy, and knowledge of medical terminology and burn treatment); “Challenges/Barriers to Treatment” (patient finances, lack of community providers knowledgeable in management of burn injuries, knowledge of available community resources throughout their catchment area, unstable social support systems, premorbid patient mental illness and substance abuse, inadequate insurance coverage, transportation insecurity, and the long-term nature of burn recovery); and “Resources” (Phoenix Society, SOAR, World Burn Congress, burn foundations, hospital programs, stable support systems, and resilience of burn survivors). Conclusions By gaining insight into the skills, barriers, and resources of social workers working in U.S. burn centers, treatment team members can better and more consistently understand, utilize, and support their current and/or incoming social workers. In addition, Master’s level academic programs can better prepare new social workers in how to best assist burn survivors and their families at both the inpatient and community level. Content related to the needed competencies can be incorporated into required social work courses and medical social work electives. Applicability of Research to Practice By establishing the requisite skills of burn center social workers, there will be opportunity for consistency through certification in burn care much like allied health providers.

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Singh, Vikram, Pramita Muntode, Sonal Singh, Rutuj Waghmare, Sumit Kishore, Shobha Joshi, and Rahul Thakur. "Association of Work Stress Level with Sleep Quality in Nurses and Medical Social Workers at a Tertiary Care Hospital of Wardha District." Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences 10, no. 28 (July 12, 2021): 2061–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.14260/jemds/2021/422.

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BACKGROUND Nurses and medical social workers’ (MSW’s) stress has an impact on health, which ultimately has an effect on quality care of the patients. Stress problems are one of the leading causes of sleep disturbance. We wanted to evaluate the association of quality and pattern of sleep with work stress levels in nurses and medico-social workers in this study. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted on nurses and MSW’s of Tertiary Care Hospitals of Wardha city using questionnaire, containing 24 questions. A total of 513 Nurses and 36 MSW’s of Tertiary Care Hospitals were taken in this study, sampling was done by simple random sampling method. The stress was evaluated using 10 items “Global perceived stress scale” (GPSS) and for sleep quality “Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index” (PSQI) of total 14 items was used. The variables were compared in unpaired t test and Pearson correlation test to know the level of significance of determinacy which was set at less than 0.05. RESULTS The overall PSS scores in nurses (12.57 ± 3.7) and MSWs (12.87 ± 3.1) were almost similar and were statistically significant. Subjective sleep quality score of MSWs (2.19 ± 0.66) was higher than that of nurses (2.00 ± 0.19) and was statistically insignificant according to the specialization. The statistically relevant sleep duration was greater in MSWs (13.50 ± 03.56) than in nurses (12.16 ± 02.73). Moderate positive correlation between perceived stress severity and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index was observed. CONCLUSIONS Certain characteristics of work shift among nurses and MSW’s is directly affected by the stress and sleep quality and indirectly affects the patient care and treatment. The study indicates that work characteristics may influence sleep quality and stress among nurses and MSW’s. We needed to improve work shift schedule in order to provide good health and well-being of nurses and MSW’s which would further improve the quality of patient care. KEY WORDS Nurses, MSW’s, Sleep Quality, Stress

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Jovanovic, Jovica, and Milan Jovanovic. "Occupational stress and arterial hypertension." Medical review 57, no. 3-4 (2004): 153–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/mpns0404153j.

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Introduction Arterial hypertension is an important medical, social and economic problem in the working population. Factors of occupational exposure lead to a much faster and more frequent occurrence of this disease and its consequential complications. Among these factors the following take an important place: noise, carbon monoxide, job dissatisfaction, microclimate conditions, chemical agents, shift work, night work, monotonous work and so on. The purpose of this study was to analyze working conditions, working environment, work demands and identification of occupational Stressors and their influence on development of arterial hypertension. Material and methods This investigation included 3470 workers and it examined technological processes, working time, job satisfaction, interpersonal relations and physical and chemical hazards of their workplaces. The exposed group consisted of 2270 workers occupationally exposed to Stressors. Control group included 1200 workers whose workplaces were without Stressors. Workers of exposed group were divided into 14 subgroups in regard to presence of occupational hazards. Results Arterial hypertension was established in 39.9% of workers of exposed group, which is statistically significantly more than in controls (25.7%). The highest prevalence of arterial hypertension was at workers who were dissatisfied with the job and who were at the same time occupationally exposed to noise and carbon monoxide. Family predisposition and smoking have cumulative effects with occupational hazards. Discussion Possible mechanisms of arterial hypertension development include activation of adrenergic nervous system, renin-angiotensin aldosteron system, higher concentrations of steroids, catecholamines and free radicals caused by occupational hazards. Conclusion Occupational Stressors are significant factors in development of arterial hypertension of exposed workers. The most important Stressors are noise, carbon monoxide and job dissatisfaction.

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Navickienė, Lijana, Eglė Stasiūnaitienė, Ilona Kupčikienė, and Donatas Misiūnas. "STRESSORS IN TEACHER’S WORK." Visuomenės sveikata 28, no. 6 (January 4, 2019): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5200/sm-hs.2018.067.

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Teachers are among the professions which face the highest level of work-related stress. High level of stress has a negative impact on the teacher’s physical and emotional health, leads to exhaustion, burnout, dissatisfaction with work, and high turnover rates. It is therefore important to reveal the main sources and risks of stress in the teacher’s work. Psychosocial risks are related to the negative psychological, physical and social consequences resulting from inadequate work organization and management at the workplace: too high work requirements and / or short deadlines for fulfilling tasks; conflicting requirements and unclear employee roles; poor use of staff skills and insufficient employees involvement in decision-making on their work; scarse management and co-workers support and poor relationships with colleagues, students and their parents. A quantitative study conducted in five countries revealed that most teachers experience a high level of stress in their professional activity. Many stressors in professional activity relate to the uncertainty and excessive workload of teachers’ functions and roles. The most common organizational factors that cause stress include working conditions, low salary, noisy environment, number of students in the classroom, and external factors such as educational reforms and social status in society. The least stressors identified in the teachers’ professional activity relate to relationships and support in the work environment. The study was conducted in the framework of the international project “Preventing Stress in the Teaching Profession-Stress Free Teachers”, No. 2016- 3715 / 001-001.

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Vuuren, Mark van, Jacqueline Teurlings, and Ernst T. Bohlmeijer. "Shared fate and social comparison: Identity work in the context of a stigmatized occupation." Journal of Management & Organization 18, no. 2 (March 2012): 263–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5172/jmo.2012.18.2.263.

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AbstractPurpose:People working in mines face the challenge to construct a positive self-image as society views their occupation as dirty and dangerous. The question was how these dirty workers used different normalizing strategies when specific contexts made a range of categories salient. Methodology:We used data from 32 semi-structured interviews with employees of South African gold mines, in which the participants told about the ways they dealt with taint. Findings:Miners were aware of stigmas. On the one hand, there was an awareness of the group's shared fate, in line with normalizing strategies found in other stigmatized occupations. On the other hand, we found several examples of social comparison within the group that challenged the expected strong group culture, i.e., supervisors distancing themselves from subordinates and men disparaging female miners. Practical and research implications:The nuances in our findings show the complexities of the ways people in stigmatized occupations deal with taint. Originality/value:In contrast to previous research, the miners did not only stress the group as a unity. It seems that the opposite processes of shared fate and downward comparison can emerge both, depending on self-categorization dynamics.

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Nazar, Nataliia. "The ecosystem approach in health social work." Mental Health: Global Challenges Journal 4, no. 2 (October 13, 2020): 16–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.32437/mhgcj.v4i2.90.

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Introduction Health is the greatest value in our lives. Analyzing the current approaches of the WHO (2014), we consider this concept not only from the standpoint of physical health and the absence of disease, but understand this phenomenon as a holistic state of complete well-being, which includes, in addition to physical, emotional, mental, social, spiritual, sexual, environmental and many other aspects. This is the so-called holistic model of health (Orzhekhovska, 2013). Our reasoning suggests (given various aspects of health) that this value does not depend only on an individual's choice to be or not to be healthy, and cannot be governed solely by personal actions. Here are some examples. The lack of geographically close medical services and / or free medical services causes the inability to receive emergency medical care and / or to systematically monitor health. Negative relationships in the family, the absence of a father or mother in the family can lead to emotional rejection of the child (psycho-emotional disorders), the acquisition of undesirable behavior (child addictive behavior or delinquent behavior), lack of self-care skills (this can cause various infectious diseases), getting into institutional care, which usually do not contribute to the full development of personality, etc. Inadequate social policies and an imperfect health care system in the country can cause outbreaks of socially dangerous diseases and provoke the spread of pandemics. Aggressive urbanization creates uncomfortable living conditions in cities due to traffic jams, pollution, noise, which causes other health risks from stress to cancer. As we can see, good health depends not only on the individual being healthy in the broad context of this word, but on the complex impact on us of a number of systems in which we are included. It is important to emphasize the role of social work in this context, the theory and practice of which aim, inter alia, to promote social development and well-being, as well as to improve the health care system and reduce social inequalities. Therefore, the task of social work in general and social workers together with other professionals in particular is to support the individual, family, community, society in the context of strengthening and maintaining the health of both individual and public. An ecosystem approach in social work helps us to understand the process of maintaining and strengthening health, which explains well the mutual influence of each element of the system. Purpose The aim of the article was to consider health social work according to ecosystem approach. Methodology The study used theoretical methods of research, in particular, analysis, comparison, synthesis and implementation of the results of the study of health social work based on the principles of integral ecology and ecosystem approach. Results and Discussion The ecosystem approach is used in various spheres of practical and scientific activity: public health, ecology, economy, legal and social spheres, church-religious sphere and even education (Forget, Lebel, 2001; Deinega, 2018; Veklych, 2017; Voronkin, 2017). Kabanenko and T. Semigina (2004) write about the separation of the ecological approach in social work on the basis of systems theory (sociological group of social work theories). Within this approach, the authors consider the main models of work and tools that can be used by social workers in their practice: eco-maps, genograms, etc. Systems theory and environmental theory are mentioned in the manual "Introduction to Practical Social Work". In systems theory, "a whole is greater than the sum of its parts", so it is important to consider "the interaction of the client and the environment." Ecological theory considers a person in the context of his or her entourage, but not only the family, society, but also the environment (Klos, Mykytenko, 2005, 52-54). In contrast to the mentioned researchers, T. Syla (2012) explores the problem of violence in the context of the ecosystem approach, she notes that this approach originates from the socio-ecological theory of Bronfenbrenner in psychology. So, no matter what theories the ecosystem approach is based on, the idea behind this concept is a wide range of interconnections. Every smaller object, such as a person, is part of a large range of interactions of larger systems: family, community, society, environment, and so on. Each element of the system affects the other, so solving a problem situation in one area can be an impetus for positive change in another. Chaikovska and O. Hlavatska talk about the need to train social workers with a "high level of environmental culture" (2019). In scientific works on social work we find the concepts "ecosystem approach" and "ecological approach", which are virtually identical in content. This perspective has formed over time one of the modern concepts of social work: "environmental social work", or "eco-social work", or "green social work". The latter in her current research is much covered by T. Semigina (2018). The researcher notes that "a healthy environment is seen as an inalienable human right, a component of human dignity and non-discrimination." However, today there is no research on health social work from the standpoint of an ecosystem approach. The ecosystem approach resonates with another very important concept. It is an integrated ecology. This concept appeared in the church-religious sphere, and was covered in the Encyclical (papal document) "Laudato si" by the head of the Catholic Church Pope Francis (2015/2019). According to the vision of Francis, there can be no question of ensuring the common good, guaranteeing fundamental rights, social justice, if humanity understands nature as something separate and does not link environmental pollution with economic activity, behavior, etc. Conclusion Therefore, it is obvious that today, in the conditions of social transformations and globalization processes, the solution of any social problem should be considered from the standpoint of the ecosystem approach. Health issues in social work cannot be considered without taking into account changes in the environment. For such activities, it is necessary to train social workers in the context of the ecosystem approach, programs and projects should be developed to help overcome the problems of clients' health in a comprehensive way. Further research is needed to study existing and develop new forms and models of social work on the basis of strengthening and maintaining the health of clients, taking into account the ecosystem approach and the basics of integral ecology

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Annink, Anne, Laura Den Dulk, and José Ernesto Amorós. "Different strokes for different folks? The impact of heterogeneity in work characteristics and country contexts on work-life balance among the self-employed." International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research 22, no. 6 (September 5, 2016): 880–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijebr-04-2016-0127.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the effect of self-employed work characteristics (consumer orientation, innovativeness, number of employees, motivation, and entrepreneurial phase) on work-life balance (WLB) satisfaction. Design/methodology/approach The job demands and resources approach is applied to test whether self-employed work characteristics are evaluated as job demands or resources for WLB. The Global Entrepreneurship Data (2013) offer a unique opportunity to conduct multilevel analysis among a sample of self-employed workers in 51 countries (N=11,458). Besides work characteristics, this paper tests whether country context might explain variation in WLB among the self-employed. Findings The results of this study reveal that there is a negative relation between being exposed to excessive stress and running a consumer-oriented business and WLB. Being motivated out of opportunity is positively related to WLB. In addition, the results indicate that country context matters. A higher human development index and more gender equality are negatively related to WLB, possibly because of higher social expectations and personal responsibility. The ease of doing business in a country was positively related to the WLB of self-employed workers. Social implications For some workers self-employment might be a way to combine work and responsibilities in other life domains, but this does not seem to be valid in all cases. Originality/value This paper contributes to current literature on the WLB of self-employed workers by showing how work characteristics can be evaluated as job demands or resources. Including work characteristics in future research might be a solution for acknowledging the heterogeneity among self-employed workers.

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Blumberga, Solveiga, and Aleksandra Safonova. "STRESS, COPING, ADAPTATION AND CULTURAL DIVERSITY OF HEALTHCARE PERSONNEL." SOCIETY. INTEGRATION. EDUCATION. Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference 1 (May 26, 2016): 299. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/sie2016vol1.1519.

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The top priority of medical institutions is to provide quality patient care services. Considering that healthcare personnel are to work with colleagues from various cultures, important are medical personnel training, in-service training, improvement of professional knowledge and skills, ability to adapt to working in a diverse team. The planning of employee training and in-service training is based on the strategic targets and personnel training needs of each institution. Qualification support programmes are organised for medical personnel to improve their professional knowledge and the knowledge and skills of medical nurses in the areas primarily related to patient care, but there is lack of training in stress management and development of stress resistance, as well as facilitation of collaboration with individuals of various cultures. The aim of the research study is to assess the work stress levels of healthcare personnel, the applied work stress management strategies, the levels of social and psychological adaptation of personnel, the ability to adapt to cultural diversity, and their mutual correlations. Research questions: What are the levels of work stress of healthcare personnel? What are the work stress management strategies applied by healthcare personnel? What are the levels of social and psychological adaption of healthcare personnel? What is the ability of healthcare personnel to adapt to cultural diversity? Are there statistically significant correlations between personnel work stress, the applied work stress management strategies, the levels of social and psychological adaptation, the ability to adapt to cultural diversity of the personnel? What exactly should be included in the personnel training plan while preparing the personnel for work in a multicultural environment? The respondents in the research study are healthcare personnel carrying out their duties in Latvia and Scandinavia simultaneously. The following surveys were used for data collection: A Work Stress Scale, a Stress Management Survey, a survey regarding social and psychological adaptation and a Cultural Diversity Self-evaluation Survey. The results of the research study suggest that most of the respondents have low levels of work stress, the active and pro-social management strategies are most frequently used to manage stress, the social and psychological adaptation score corresponds to a medium level. As a result of the research study, the authors prepared recommendations for the Human Resources Department regarding the organisation of training in stress management and development of stress resistance, as well as in the fundamentals of collaboration with individuals of various cultures in order to improve their professional and personal competences.

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Gage, Lois W., and Yuzuru J. Takeshita. "Coping with Stress in a Cross Cultural Setting." AAOHN Journal 44, no. 6 (June 1996): 278–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/216507999604400605.

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The purpose of this pilot study was to compare the psychosocial distress of Japanese auto workers with that of the American employees working in a Japanese managed plant, to describe mediating factors related to their distress, and recommend interventions. Japanese and American workers and spouses responded to five questionnaires and two open ended questions about changes in health, function, and time, and needs, problems, and recommendations for stress reduction. Japanese men had higher General Health Questionnaire scores than American workers. Psychosocial distress was related to work self confidence and individual responsibility for Japanese men, with social support for Japanese women, and with individual responsibility for American men and women. Stress was related to communication problems and misunderstanding about the management practices and cultural norms. Culturally appropriate worksite and community interventions are discussed.

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Novichkova, N. I., D. Yu Kallistov, A. V. Sukhova, E. A. Romanova, and A. I. Romanov. "Features of risk factors for sleep initiation and maintenance disorders in able-bodied population." Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology, no. 9 (February 12, 2019): 48–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.31089/1026-9428-2018-9-48-53.

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The authors present results of study concerning risk factors of sleep initiation and maintenance disorders in mental workers residing in Moscow — governmental institutions staﬀers and medical workers. To evaluate insomnia severity, the authors used questionnaire «Index of insomnia severity», studied work conditions and work-related stress intensity. The study results prove leading role of work intensity and stress at work in sleep disorders formation. The governmental employees demonstrated positive correlation between integral parameter of work intensity and insomnia severity index (r=0.43). Findings are that work-related stress which was evaluated via psycho-social characteristic of work increases insomnia risk (OR=2.3). Among environmental factors, the maximal role in insomnia formation is played by acoustic factor (OR=1.41). Moreover, somatic disorders were statistically connected with insomnia (OR=1.3). Shares of separate risk factors of chronic insomnia appeared to be age-related. The data obtained enable to optimize complex of measures to prevent chronic insomnia in workers.

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Bartlett, Ruth, and Gordon Riches. "Magic, Secrets, and Grim Reality: Death Work and Boundary Management in the Role of the Funeral Director." Illness, Crisis & Loss 15, no. 3 (July 2007): 233–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/105413730701500305.

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This article examines the performances that funeral directors undertake in protecting the public from the disorder of death and in creating the “magic” of a funeral. Goffman's (1959) concepts of back-stage/front-stage performances are used to illustrate the tension that arises as funeral workers switch between these two elements of their professional role. Based on fieldwork study in a number of funeral establishments, we present examples of the stress that they may experience in their management of the boundary between life and death.

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Arnold-Smith, Lydia, and Henry G. Harder. "Experiences of Medical Advisors in the Workers' Compensation System in British Columbia." International Journal of Disability Management 2, no. 1 (March 1, 2007): 18–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/jdmr.2.1.18.

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AbstractAttending physicians and medical advisors, physicians contracting their services to the Workers' Compensation Board, have key roles in assisting injured workers to return to work. A literature review of the role of the physician in the compensable return to work process reveals a lack of information regarding the experiences of medical advisors. This descriptive phenomenological study was undertaken to explore the lived experiences of four medical advisors in a northern rural service delivery location. The purpose of the research was to gain an understanding of the medical advisors' experiences in the compensable return to work process and in the compensation system. Analysis of the interview data revealed a central theme of commitment to quality medical care for injured workers, along with three major themes and several minor themes subsumed within the major concepts: providing medical opinions — requiring factual information, clarifying the diagnosis, no previous relationship with worker, categories of injuries; working with attending physicians and specialists — building relationships, evidence based treatment plans, role of the attending physician, role of the medical advisor; and, working within the workers' compensation environment — structure and policies, expedited services, and case management/team environment. This research report presents the central theme as the foundation through which the major themes are interconnected. This study does not generalise to all medical advisors, but relays stories that contain the essence of a lived experience.

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Stewardson, Anna C., and Nicolette Crump. "Reflections from the end of the Earth: Social work planning, preparation and intervention with evacuees on haemodialysis treatment following the 2011 Christchurch earthquake." Aotearoa New Zealand Social Work 25, no. 2 (May 15, 2016): 105–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.11157/anzswj-vol25iss2id86.

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The February 2011 earthquake in Christchurch caused damage to infrastructure which made it impossible for people with end stage renal failure to have haemodialysis treatment in Christchurch for an undetermined period. Guided by the National Civil Defence Emergency Management Plan (Ministry of Civil Defence and Emergency Management, 2009) and the National Health Emergency Plan (Ministry of Health, 2008), the National Emergency Response Team decided to transfer dialysis-dependent people out of Christchurch to the Northern District Health Board.This article discusses the links between social work and emergency preparedness and emergency responsiveness and the role of social workers before and immediately after disasters. It will provide a practitioner’s view of the planning, preparation and social work intervention to support identified acute psychosocial needs for the group of haemodialysis patients evacuated from Christchurch to Whangarei following this earthquake, with particular focus on emotional and psychological stress, isolation and financial resources.The evacuated Christchurch patients expressed feeling as if they were being sent to ‘the end of the earth’. This article will reflect on issues of resilience, group dynamics, the role of social workers with evacuees, managing media and community boundaries, and social worker’s self care.

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Watts, Lori, Nicolas Camilo, Nicole Thurston, Michele Betts, and Dan Sayam Zuckerman. "Distress management in a community oncology center." Journal of Clinical Oncology 30, no. 34_suppl (December 1, 2012): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2012.30.34_suppl.107.

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107 Background: NCCN and the Institute of Medicine recommend distress screening for all cancer patients. Surveys have found that 20% to 47% of newly diagnosed and recurrent cancer patients experience significant levels of distress. Less than half of distressed patients with cancer are actually identified and referred for psychosocial help. The development of screening tools, processes, appropriate timing, and systems for follow up on concerns is an ongoing challenge for many cancer programs. Mountain States Tumor Institute p,iloted a distress screen process as part of our work with NCCCP. Methods: From October 24, 2011, to April 30, 2012, 133 patients completed distress screens. Most frequently reported concerns included fatigue (50%), sleep changes (32%), and anxiety/worry (31%). 51% of patients reported three or more concerns. 90% of all patients reporting anxiety also reported fatigue or sleep problems. All patients who reported concerns were offered social work and other supports. Screens were reviewed by social workers and discussed at weekly multidisciplinary psychosocial care rounds by social workers, psychiatrist, nurse practitioners, and chaplains. A variety of interventions were used to respond to distress including symptom management, education and referrals to on-site social workers, chaplains, supportive care clinic, integrative medicine and psychiatry. Results: A task was created in Mosaiq Electronic Medical Record to cue Health Information Specialists to schedule patients for distress screening as close as possible to 45 days from first chemotherapy treatment. Patients completed screens before seeing their medical provider. The majority of patients screened received one or more interventions in follow-up. Conclusions: EMRs can be effective tools to cue scheduled screening of patient distress. The use of multidisciplinary psychosocial care rounds can effectively help clinics plan interventions to alleviate patient distress. The use of rounds can ensure staff from different disciplines are not duplicating efforts and can help determine appropriate timing of various psychosocial interventions. Project funded with Federal funds from the NCI, Contract No HHSN261200800001E.

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Lau, Siu Mei, Yu Cheung Chan, Kwok Kin Fung, Suet Lin Hung, and Juxiong Feng. "Hong Kong under COVID-19: Roles of community development service." International Social Work 64, no. 2 (February 15, 2021): 270–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020872820967734.

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This short article presents the plight of grassroots under the Covid-19 pandemic, which has been in the third wave from mid-July 2020. Like in many other places, the outbreak has caused economic downturn, and intensified stress about health and rising unemployment. The disadvantaged groups are suffering the most, which shows the problem of social inequality in the community. The roles of community social work in Hong Kong are highlighted to show how social workers can contribute to crisis management and empowerment of the deprived.

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Matyushkina, E. Y., A. P. Roy, A. A. Rakhmanina, and A. B. Kholmogorova. "Occupational stress and burnout among healthcare professionals." Современная зарубежная психология 9, no. 1 (2020): 39–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/jmfp.2020090104.

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The article presents the data of modern foreign studies on occupational stress and burnout among medical workers. It gives an analysis of modern scientific discussions concerning the concept of burnout and the search for criteria for its differentiation from other similar psychoemotional and physiological states. Special emphasis is placed on data on the extremely high risk of professional burnout among emergency medical workers. Recent studies of the level of burnout among physicians are presented as containing the information about increase of these indicators in the modern healthcare system in different countries. The analysis of the latest data on extremely serious consequences of burnout for the mental and physical health of physicians is also introduced. A review of modern diagnostic methods, as well as professional, psychological, organizational and social factors of a steady increase in the level of professional burnout, including continuous intensification of work and the introduction of new electronic systems for maintaining medical records, is given. The necessity of developing and implementing methods for the prevention of professional burnout in modern medicine is substantiated.

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Hennekam, Sophie. "Dealing with multiple incompatible work-related identities: the case of artists." Personnel Review 46, no. 5 (August 7, 2017): 970–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/pr-02-2016-0025.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine how artists deal with having multiple potentially incompatible work-related identities as a result of a career transition from making a living exclusively as artists to taking on additional work outside the creative industries. Design/methodology/approach In all, 40 semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted by telephone with artists in the Netherlands. A grounded theory approach was used to analyze the findings. Findings Four different strategies for dealing with multiple potentially incompatible identities were identified: integration, accumulation, separation and dis-identification. The findings suggest that the informal social context, the support of rejection of important others, influenced the strategy adopted by the artists. Invalidation from the environment often leads to stress and separation or dis-identification strategies, while validation seems to lead to integration and accumulation strategies that are less psychologically straining. Practical implications The findings stress the importance of the external environment. While the workers had to deal with their own psychological stress and regret about not succeeding at working exclusively as artists, they also had to create a feasible story that allowed them to “sell” their transition to others. Originality/value Careers are becoming increasingly non-linear, and the number of workers who need to juggle multiple (potentially conflicting) work-related identities is rising. However, how workers deal with this has received only limited attention from researchers.

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Murphy, Lawrence R. "Stress Management in Work Settings: A Critical Review of the Health Effects." American Journal of Health Promotion 11, no. 2 (November 1996): 112–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4278/0890-1171-11.2.112.

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Purpose. To review critically the research literature on the health effects of worksite stress-management interventions. Search Methods. Stress-management interventions were defined as techniques that are designed to help employees modify their appraisal of stressful situations or deal more effectively with the symptoms of stress. Stress-management studies that were worksite based, assessed a health outcome, and were published in the peer-reviewed literature were included in this review. The main search method was the one described in the lead article to this special issue of the JOURNAL, but supplementary sources included prior reviews of the research literature and expert contacts. Sixty-four studies met the criteria for inclusion in this review. Summary of Findings. A variety of stress-management techniques was used in worksite studies, including muscle relaxation, meditation, biofeedback, cognitive-behavioral skills, and combinations of these techniques. The most common techniques used were muscle relaxation, cognitive-behavioral skills, and combinations of two or more techniques. Outcome measures to evaluate the success of stress interventions included physiologic and psychologic measurements, somatic complaints, and job-related measures. Nearly three-fourths of the studies offered the training to all workers and did not specifically recruit high-stress employees. Over half the studies were randomized control trials, but only 30 % conducted posttraining follow-up evaluations. The effectiveness of stress interventions varied according to the health-outcome measure used; some techniques were more effective for psychologic outcomes (e.g., cognitive-behavioral skills), whereas others were more effective for physiologic outcomes (e.g., muscle relaxation). Biofeedback was the least frequent technique used in work settings and also seemed to be the least effective technique. Meditation produced the most consistent results across outcome measures but was used in only six studies. In general, studies using a combination of techniques (e.g., muscle relaxation plus cognitive-behavioral skills) seemed to be more effective across outcome measures than single techniques. Conclusions. The large number of different stress-management techniques coupled with the wide range of health outcome measures used in stress intervention studies makes it difficult to draw firm conclusions about the efficacy of each technique and each outcome. Also, the quality of the methodology varied substantially among studies. Nevertheless, the most positive results across the various health outcomes were obtained with a combination of two or more techniques. None of the stress interventions was consistently effective in producing effects on job/organization-relevant outcomes, such as absenteeism or job satisfaction. To produce changes on these types of measures, stress interventions will need to alter or modify the sources of stress in the work environment. It can be said that stress management in work settings can be effective in enhancing worker physical and psychologic health, but the choice of which stress-management technique to use should be based on the specific health outcomes that are targeted for change.

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Mushfiqur, Rahman, Chima Mordi, Emeka Smart Oruh, Uzoechi Nwagbara, Tonbara Mordi, and Itari Mabel Turner. "The impacts of work-life-balance (WLB) challenges on social sustainability." Employee Relations 40, no. 5 (August 6, 2018): 868–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/er-06-2017-0131.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the implications of work-life-balance (WLB) challenges for Nigerian female medical doctors. This study focusses on Nigeria, which its peculiar socio-cultural, institutional and professional realities constitute WLB as well as social sustainability (SS) challenge for female medical doctors. Design/methodology/approach Relying on qualitative, interpretivist approach and informed by institutional theory, this study explores how Nigeria’s institutional environment and workplace realities engender WLB challenges, which consequently impact SS for female doctors. In total, 43 semi-structured interviews and focus group session involving eight participants were utilised for empirical analysis. Findings The study reveals that factors such as work pressure, cultural expectations, unsupportive relationships, challenging work environment, gender role challenges, lack of voice/participation, and high stress level moderate the ability of female medical doctors to manage WLB and SS. It also identifies that socio-cultural and institutional demands on women show that these challenges, while common to female physicians in other countries, are different and more intense in Nigeria because of their unique professional, socio-cultural and institutional frameworks. Research limitations/implications The implications of the WLB and SS requires scholarship to deepen as well as extend knowledge on contextual disparities in understanding these concepts from developing countries perspective, which is understudied. Originality/value This study offers fresh insights into the WLB and SS concepts from the non-western context, such as Nigeria, highlighting the previously understudied challenges of WLB and SS and their implications for female doctors.

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Bailkin, Jordanna. "Color Problems: Work, Pathology, and Perception in Modern Britain." International Labor and Working-Class History 68 (October 2005): 93–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0147547905000219.

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This article explores the historical relationship between scientific research and labor management by investigating the state supervision of color perception in British workers (1870s-1920s). Whereas eighteenth-century scientific writers had described color blindness as an individual idiosyncrasy, color blindness was interpreted in the late nineteenth century as a social contaminant. As multiple sites of labor and industry were saturated with color—for example, through the deployment of flashing red and green lights on ships and railways—the color vision of workers became an increasingly significant medical and legal concern. Starting in the 1890s, the Board of Trade developed new efforts to legislate the admittedly subjective realm of color perception. But British workers also publicly opposed the Board's efforts to regulate their perception and objected to the “modernist” palette that was commonly used in color vision tests. I trace the emergence of color blindness as a class-specific pathology and consider both the denigration and the valorization of workers' perceptions in modern British industrial society.

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Prause, Louisa. "Digital Agriculture and Labor: A Few Challenges for Social Sustainability." Sustainability 13, no. 11 (May 26, 2021): 5980. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13115980.

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Academic and political debates on the digitalization of agriculture have addressed sustainability mainly from an ecological perspective. Social sustainability, particularly questions of labor, has been largely neglected in the literature thus far. This is particularly problematic since digitalization could fundamentally change farming practices and labor processes on farms, with possibly far-reaching consequences for rural development, rural communities as well as migrant laborers. Looking at the case study of Germany, this article asks how digital technologies are changing labor processes on horticultural and arable farms. The aim of this paper is to bring labor into the debates around agriculture and digitalization and to offer a detailed picture of the impacts of digital technologies on labor in agriculture. The case study builds on fourteen in-depth interviews conducted from June 2020 to March 2021, participant observation, and digital ethnography. The results show new forms of labor control and an intensification of the work process linked to methods of digital Taylorism, as well as risks of working-class fragmentation along age lines. A deskilling of workers or farmers due to digitalization has not been observed. The suggestion of an increased dependency of workers due to the loss of employment opportunities in agriculture is contested. The results stress the importance of designing agricultural policies that foster fair and equitable working conditions.

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Bakker, Heilwine, Marc van Veldhoven, Tony Gaillard, Remy Hertogs, and Margot Feenstra. "The functioning of rescue workers in life tasks: development of a test." International Journal of Emergency Services 9, no. 1 (August 29, 2019): 34–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijes-03-2019-0014.

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Purpose Since policemen have a highly demanding job, they have a high risk of developing mental health problems, which may have a negative influence on their private life. The purpose of this paper is to present a new questionnaire for measuring the functioning of rescue workers in life tasks outside of work. Design/methodology/approach The internal consistency, factor structure and concurrent validity of this life tasks test (LTT) were examined in a group of 108 policemen. Findings The test measures perceived effectiveness in the following five domains: social life, maintaining mental health, household and finance, giving meaning and maintaining positivity. Cronbach’s α was acceptable for two scales (>0.60) and good for the other three (>0.70). The hypothesized five-factor structure of the LTT was corroborated in a confirmatory factor analysis. Concurrent validity was examined by correlating the scores on the LTT with two established questionnaires, one for personality characteristics and one for work characteristics and work stress. All LTT scales, with the exception of social life, showed significant correlations with social support, workload and personality. Research limitations/implications This provides support for the concurrent validity of the questionnaire. Practical uses and future research are discussed. Practical implications The items are close to everyday clinical practice. It adds valuable information to the commonly used questionnaires on mental health complaints. The test may also provide insight on which life tasks domains are functioning well and which are in need of attention to improve the effectiveness. Social implications In both preventive and curative mental health support, it is important to enhance the effectiveness in life tasks, because it works as a buffer for the adversity of rescue work. Moreover, it gives rescue workers mastery of their personal life, makes self-management stronger, as well as it gives feelings of confidence and positive energy. Originality/value This is the first questionnaire to be designed and implemented for rescue workers.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Medical social work Social workers Stress management'

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