Academic literature on the topic 'Medical Pneumatic Device'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Medical Pneumatic Device.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Journal articles on the topic "Medical Pneumatic Device"
1
Makarov, A. M., I. I. Davydova, K. A. Drapak, and E. G. Krylov. "AUTOMATED MEDICAL AND HEALTH-IMPROVING DEVICE." IZVESTIA VOLGOGRAD STATE TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY, no. 8(255) (August 31, 2021): 75–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.35211/1990-5297-2021-8-255-75-78.
Full textAbstract:
The article presents a pneumatic and functional diagram of an automated medical and health-improving device (LOW), the structure of the matrix of pneumatic chambers along the length and width of the LOW and a diagram of the distribution of the human body load on the LOW, depending on the ratio of the load on the surface, are developed.
2
Sénac, Thibault, Arnaud Lelevé, Richard Moreau, Cyril Novales, Laurence Nouaille, Minh Tu Pham, and Pierre Vieyres. "A Review of Pneumatic Actuators Used for the Design of Medical Simulators and Medical Tools." Multimodal Technologies and Interaction 3, no. 3 (July 2, 2019): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mti3030047.
Full textAbstract:
Simulators have been traditionally used for centuries during medical gestures training. Nowadays, mechatronic technologies have opened the way to more evolved solutions enabling objective assessment and dedicated pedagogic scenarios. Trainees can now practice in virtual environments representing various kind of patient and body parts including physio-pathologies issues. Gestures, to be mastered, vary according to each medical specialty (e.g., ultrasound probe orientations, or forceps installation during assisted delivery). Hence, medical students need kinesthetic feedback in order to significantly improve their learning capabilities. Gesture simulators require haptic devices with variable stiffness actuators. Existing solutions do not always fit the requirements because of their significant size. Contrary to electric actuators, pneumatic technology is low-cost, available off-the-shelf and offers a better mass–power ratio. However, it presents two main drawbacks: nonlinear dynamics and need for a compressed air supply. During the last decade, we have developed several haptic solutions based on pneumatic actuation (e.g., birth simulator, epidural needle insertion simulator) and, recently, in a joint venture with Prisme laboratory, a pneumatic probe master device for remote ultrasonography. This paper recalls literature scientific approaches on pneumatic actuation developed in the medical context and illustrated with the aforementioned applications to highlight the benefits.
3
Chien, Tzu-I., Huey-Wen Liang, Ya-Fen Lee, Fei-Yun Liu, Chi-Kwang Hsu, Shao-Tseng Liu, Mo Siu-Mei Lee, and Pin-Fei Wei. "Evaluation of Newly Developed Easy-Open Assistive Devices for Pneumatic Tube System Carriers for the Reduction of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders." BioMed Research International 2021 (January 8, 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8853602.
Full textAbstract:
Musculoskeletal disorders may affect labor efficiency, cause disability, impair one’s work ability, and lower one’s quality of life. This consequently leads to a larger expenditure of medical resources. We aimed to design easy-to-open assistive devices for pneumatic tube systems to improve ergonomics and reduce musculoskeletal complaints of workers. We followed a design control process, including designs of motors, gears, sensors, and V-shaped connecting rods. Efficacy was evaluated by examining risks based on job strain index, user satisfaction, and musculoskeletal complaints of operators before and after the system’s implementation on a Nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire. We designed three assistive devices: two semiautomatic and one automatic. Each semiautomatic device costs about 300 US dollars and required space of 10 × 18 × 38 c m 3 . The automatic device costs about 3000 US dollars and required space of 28 × 38 × 50 c m 3 . The job strain index score decreased from 36 (very high risk) to 3 (low risk) with the semiautomatic devices and to 0 with the automatic device. Musculoskeletal complaints in the neck and upper limbs were reduced, with a significantly higher satisfaction rate for female operators. Our novel design of an automatic cap opening device for a pneumatic tube system was effective in improving ergonomics and reducing musculoskeletal complaints.
4
Saga, Norihiko, Naoki Saito, and Jun-ya Nagase. "Ankle Rehabilitation Device to Prevent Contracture Using a Pneumatic Balloon Actuator." International Journal of Automation Technology 5, no. 4 (July 5, 2011): 538–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/ijat.2011.p0538.
Full textAbstract:
Our proposed rehabilitation device to prevent contracture of the ankle is easy to produce, transport, and install at the time of use in places such as medical institutions. This device is intended for use by hemiplegic people. The ankle is moved when it is worn, preventing ankle contracture. It consists of a new tendon-drive system using a pneumatic balloon actuator, power transfer mechanism, and ankle foot orthosis. This new tendon drive system using a pneumatic balloon was developed as an actuator of this device. The system consists of a tendon and a silicone tube. Both ends of the tube are closed. The tube expands with the supplied air, which distends the silicone tube and thereby pulls the tendon. This simple system is both compact and powerful. Furthermore, its materials and structure make it light. This paper describes characteristics of this tendon drive system using a pneumatic balloon, along with its composition and operation as a rehabilitation device for preventing ankle contracture. Results of operation tests using the device are also presented.
5
PASHKOV, E. V., V. P. POLIVTSEV, and V. V. POLIVTSEV. "AUTOMATIC DEVICE FOR CARDIAC-PULMONARY REANIMATION ON THE BASIS OF LINEAR PNEUMATIC DRIVE." Fundamental and Applied Problems of Engineering and Technology 4, no. 1 (2020): 74–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.33979/2073-7408-2020-342-4-1-74-79.
Full textAbstract:
The results of the analysis of the designs and functional capabilities of a number of devices for cardiopulmonary resuscitation by well-known manufacturers of medical equipment are presented, the basic schemes of force action on the chest are considered, the disadvantages that narrow the functionality and reliability of the devices are identified. A description is given of the design and principle of operation of an original automatic device for cardiopulmonary resuscitation based on a linear pneumatic drive with a tape chest bandage and with varying parameters of force exposure, depending on the size of the chest.
6
McSwain, Norman E. "Medical Anti-Shock Trousers: Pneumatic Anti-Shock Garment: Does it Work?" Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 4, no. 1 (September 1989): 42–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00038541.
Full textAbstract:
The use of the Pneumatic Anti-Shock Garment (PASG) has created much controversy in prehospital care. It is interesting that such an inexpensive device and technique has created so much controversy regarding effectiveness when expensive devices and techniques, such as coronary artery bypass, carotid endarteroectomy, and laser angioplasty have been questioned as to effectiveness, but have not created as much controversy.Where do we stand on the PASG today? One well-done, randomized, prospective study has been reported as several different papers. In reality, these reports originate from only one study (1-5). This is compared to more than 200 other studies, many of which have been randomized, prospective studies in animals using the same quality as the randomized, prospective study done on humans. Such studies have the advantage of having better isolation of the specific condition being studied. It does not seem appropriate to base the clinical use or non-use on just one study. All studies should be reviewed and placed in context when attempting to identify the role the PASG has in patient care.
7
Ribuan, Mohamed Najib, Shuichi Wakimoto, Koichi Suzumori, and Takefumi Kanda. "Omnidirectional Soft Robot Platform with Flexible Actuators for Medical Assistive Device." International Journal of Automation Technology 10, no. 4 (July 5, 2016): 494–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/ijat.2016.p0494.
Full textAbstract:
This manuscript explains the employment of flexible actuators to act as a soft robot and transporting agent to assist medical X-ray examinations. Although soft robots from silicone material can be transparence and a human compliance used as medical assistive devices, soft robots have some problems: they tend to be sluggish, have long and imprecise gait trajectories, and need their control parameters to be adjusted for motion diversion. A soft robot with omnidirectional locomotion has been created, one that has a combination of pneumatic rubber legs that form a soft robot platform and an associated hardware setup. Tests have confirmed its omnidirectional locomotion ability; it has a maximum speed of 6.90 mm/s in forward locomotion and a maximum payload of 70 g. These features indicate that the robot can be used as a medical assistive device for fluoroscopy examinations.
8
Wakimoto, Shuichi, Issei Kumagai, and Koichi Suzumori. "Development of Variable Stiffness Colonoscope Consisting of Pneumatic Drive Devices." International Journal of Automation Technology 5, no. 4 (July 5, 2011): 551–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/ijat.2011.p0551.
Full textAbstract:
Colonoscopy is important and effective medical procedure to detect colonic disorder including cancer of the colon. However, because the large intestine is soft and complex shape, insertion of conventional colonoscopes into the large intestine is difficult, and it depends on doctors’ skill strongly. In many cases, patients feel strong pain. In this research, we aim at development of a novel colonoscope which can change own stiffness partially and realize safe insertion without special techniques. The colonoscope consists of variable stiffness devices. The device is made from silicone rubber and can change its stiffness by pneumatic pressure. In this report, two kinds of variable stiffness devices made from different silicone rubber materials have been developed by molding, and stiffness change characteristics of them are shown experimentally. By applying not only positive pneumatic pressure but also negative pressure, widely stiffness change range is realized. Additionally colonoscopes have been fabricated using them and FMA (Flexible Microactuator). From insertion experiments into the large intestine phantom, advantages and effectiveness have been recognized.
9
Gokhale, S. D., Sourabh A. D, Omkar C. K, Prathamesh D. K, and Tanmay J. Y. "Pneumatic Cervical Traction Machine with Monitor and Control." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, no. 1 (January 31, 2023): 284–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.48473.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract: The practice of spinal traction goes back to the fourth century BC, where Hippocrates first described it as a treatment for kyphosis. It was subsequently implemented in other spinal pathologies including cervical pain and myelopathy. In the 1600s, the Germans employed cervical traction in their medical practice, as an adjunct to open reduction of cervical dislocations, and fractures. In 1929, the Halter device was introduced for the reduction of cervical injuries; then several other devices followed to ensure more efficient traction. To date, there is no accurate description of the mechanism of relief provided by cervical traction. The theory behind its efficiency emphasizes the widening of the intervertebral foramen upon traction, with separation of the facet joint. This will relieve the sustained pressure on the nerve roots, and hence alleviate symptoms of radiculopathy. Other theories suggest that relaxation, and is not involved in intervertebral separation.
10
Horie, Toshiaki, and Satoshi Konishi. "Stepwise Locomotion on a Deformable Surface Using Shear Displacement Produced by a Pneumatic Suction Device." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 21, no. 1 (February 20, 2009): 74–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2009.p0074.
Full textAbstract:
The present paper introduces a stepwise locomotion of a micro robot using the shear displacement of a deformable object by a pneumatic suction device. We consider a locomotion function of a micro robot for medical application. A medical micro robot introduced into the abdominal cavity has been investigated as an extension of endoscopic technology. A micro robot with a locomotion function can be made to move within the body when performing medical examinations or surgery. The proposed locomotion mechanism employs suction devices in order to provide a shear displacement as well as stable contact with the object. The proposed stepwise locomotion mechanism does not require an additional stretching actuator for inchworm motion. The present paper describes the design, implementation, characterization, and demonstration of a micro robot based on the proposed locomotion principle. The micro robot will successfully demonstrate one-dimensional, two-dimensional, and diagonal movements, and an in vitro experiment will be conducted as a representative medical application.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Medical Pneumatic Device"
1
Lacey, Lauren Elizabeth. "Assessment of repetitive facilitation exercise with fMRI-compatible rehabilitation device for hemiparetic limbs." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/51879.
Full textAbstract:
In order for stroke subjects to gain functional recovery of their hemiparetic limbs, facilitation techniques such as the repetitive facilitation exercise, or RFE, have been developed. Currently, there is a lack of understanding of the neural mechanisms associated with these types of facilitation techniques. To better understand the neural mechanisms associated with the RFE a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study should be conducted. This thesis presents experimental results testing the feasibility of implementing an fMRI-compatible actuator to facilitate a myotatic reflex in synchronization with the subject’s intention to move their hemiparetic limb. Preliminary data from a healthy individual demonstrated the feasibility of overlapping the long latency component of the afferent myotatic reflex, created by electrical stimulation, with descending nerve impulses, created using transcranial magnetic stimulation, in a time window of 15ms. In addition, a pneumatic actuation time delay due to long transmission line was evaluated. The pneumatic actuator met the timing precision requirement for the rehabilitation device for varying transmission line lengths. Therefore a pneumatic actuation system was chosen for the rehabilitation device. This thesis will also presents on the design of an fMRI-compatible pneumatic actuator device to excite a stretch reflex response. Initial, experimental results with the device demonstrated that the designed pneumatic device can control the timing of the muscle response with a fixed signal within the required 15ms window required for cortical facilitation, which was found in the previous feasibility study. However, the device was unable to create a long latency reflex observable at the muscle. Finally, this thesis presents on the capability of the device in creating subthreshold long latency response with precision to overlap with a subthreshold descending nerve impulse, created using transcranial magnetic stimulation. The overlap of the two responses was evaluated by comparing the amplitude of the muscle response with and without the stretch reflex, created by the fMRI-compatible pneumatic actuator device. Varying time delays were analyzed.
2
Alamilla-Daniel, Ma de los Angeles. "Development of a haptic simulator for practicing the intraarticular needle injection under echography." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSEI017.
Full textAbstract:
La ponction articulaire est une technique courante utilisée par les rhumatologues pour soulager la douleur. L'utilisation de repères anatomiques aide à guider l'aiguille à l'intérieur de l'articulation. Cependant, sans l'aide de l'imagerie, les praticiens ont du mal à placer correctement l'aiguille et la plupart du temps il est nécessaire de réaliser une deuxième insertion articulaire. L'injection intra-articulaire de l'aiguille sous échographie est une solution pour faciliter la procédure. Il s'agit cependant d'un processus difficile car le praticien doit développer une coordination motrice-visuelle pour insérer l'aiguille et la guider en utilisant comme référence une image 2D générée par la sonde ultrasonore. Pour maîtriser cette technique, les pratiquants peuvent s'exercer sur des cadavres, des mannequins et des simulateurs. Les simulateurs offrent certains avantages par rapport aux cadavres et aux mannequins, mais la plupart d'entre eux ne permettent pas de modifier l'environnement de travail (morphologie et / ou pathologie du patient,…) ou de choisir le point d'insertion, ce qui limite le réalisme de la formation. Sous l'impulsion de SAMSEI, le projet SPARTE vise à développer un simulateur d'injection intra-articulaire entièrement fonctionnel. Ce projet est soutenu par 4 laboratoires et un établissement de santé. Dans ce travail de doctorat, les principales contributions sont: une nouvelle méthode à faible coût de calcul appelée «mur de suivi» couplée à des dispositifs virtuels pour le contrôle de la position et de l'orientation de l’aiguille, afin de restituer les forces lors de l'insertion de l'aiguille; l'étude et la validation de trois lois de commande différentes appliquées à un actionneur pneumatique pour restituer les forces lors de l'utilisation d'une sonde à ultrasons; et enfin la conception d'un simulateur fonctionnel complet où les utilisateurs peuvent expérimenter l'insertion de l'aiguille avec un guidage échographiqueThe articular puncture is a common technique used by rheumatologists to relieve pain. The use of anatomical landmarks helps to guide the needle inside the articulation. However, without the help of imaging guidance, practitioners have difficulty to place correctly the needle and most of the cases lead to an extra articular insertion. The intraarticular needle injection under echography is a solution to ease the procedure. It is however a challenging process since the pratitioner must develop motor-visual coordination to insert the needle and guided it using as a reference a 2D image generated by the ultrasound probe. To master this technique, practitioners can practice on corpses, manikins, and simulators. Simulators give some advantages over corpses and manikins, but most of them do not allow to modify the working environment (patient morphology and/or pathology, …) or to choose the insertion point, which limit the realism of the training. Under the impulsion of SAMSEI, SPARTE project aims to develop a fully functional intraarticular needle injection simulator. This project is supported by 4 laboratories and one health facility. In this PhD thesis, the main contributions are: a new low-computational cost method called “Tracking wall” coupled with virtual fixtures for position and orientation control to render forces during the needle insertion ; the study and validation of three different control laws applied on a pneumatic actuator to render the forces while using a ultrasound probe; and finally the design of a complete functional simulator where users can experiment the needle insertion with echographic guidance
Books on the topic "Medical Pneumatic Device"
1
Narayan, Roger J., ed. Additive Manufacturing in Biomedical Applications. ASM International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.hb.v23a.9781627083928.
Full textAbstract:
Volume 23A provides a comprehensive review of established and emerging 3D printing and bioprinting approaches for biomedical applications, and expansive coverage of various feedstock materials for 3D printing. The Volume includes articles on 3D printing and bioprinting of surgical models, surgical implants, and other medical devices. The introductory section considers developments and trends in additively manufactured medical devices and material aspects of additively manufactured medical devices. The polymer section considers vat polymerization and powder-bed fusion of polymers. The ceramics section contains articles on binder jet additive manufacturing and selective laser sintering of ceramics for medical applications. The metals section includes articles on additive manufacturing of stainless steel, titanium alloy, and cobalt-chromium alloy biomedical devices. The bioprinting section considers laser-induced forward transfer, piezoelectric jetting, microvalve jetting, plotting, pneumatic extrusion, and electrospinning of biomaterials. Finally, the applications section includes articles on additive manufacturing of personalized surgical instruments, orthotics, dentures, crowns and bridges, implantable energy harvesting devices, and pharmaceuticals. For information on the print version of Volume 23A, ISBN: 978-1-62708-390-4, follow this link.
Book chapters on the topic "Medical Pneumatic Device"
1
Ortlieb, A., J. Olivier, M. Bouri, and H. Bleuler. "Series Elastic Actuation for Assistive Orthotic Devices: Case Study of Pneumatic Actuator." In New Trends in Medical and Service Robots, 113–25. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-30674-2_9.
Full text
2
Noritsugu, Toshiro. "Wearable Power Assist Robot Driven with Pneumatic Rubber Artificial Muscles." In Advances in Medical Technologies and Clinical Practice, 235–50. IGI Global, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-9740-9.ch012.
Full textAbstract:
Recently, the attention has been focused on developing a wearable power assist robot by installing an actuator, such as motors, in the body and assisting and enhancing muscular power; there has been a considerable increase in research and development in some institutes and companies worldwide. Various types of wearable power assist robots have been proposed to support the upper and lower limbs, waist, and so on, which are to be used for the operational support of elderly and disabled people, nursing care work, and heavy lifting work in production sites. Some of them have been commercialized and their promotions have been advanced. Their social needs are extremely high, and there is an expectation of further improvements of assisting effect, installation performance, safety and convenience and affordability. In this paper, after the current state of research and development of this kind of robot is outlined, and our researches on pneumatic rubber artificial muscles, exoskeleton type standing motion assist devices, and wearable, lightweight, and soft power assist robots without an exoskeleton are introduced.
Conference papers on the topic "Medical Pneumatic Device"
1
Krigbaum, Joseph, Alvaro Rascon, Harsh Patil, Shannon Jameson, and Panagiotis Polygerinos. "Haptic Neurofeedback Device for Parkinson’s Patients." In 2019 Design of Medical Devices Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dmd2019-3207.
Full textAbstract:
A method for the design and development of a feedback device for the treatment of focal dystonic symptoms of Parkinson’s patients is described in this work. This device utilizes haptic feedback produced via a soft pneumatic actuator incorporating zero-volume chambers and channels, to signal to the patient that they are falling into a dystonic pattern so that they themselves can manually break out of the pattern preserving and prolonging the use of the afflicted limb, in this case the hand. The system of detection for the dystonic symptoms is a conductive rubber stretch sensor that detects changes to the circumference of the forearm as the muscles begin to involuntarily contract. The signal from the sensor then feeds into a microcontroller that will activate the onboard pump that will in-turn pulse the soft pneumatic actuator producing a gentle but noticeable haptic sensation on the patient’s arm.
2
Fry, Christian, James Mardula, Brandon Lee, and Davide Piovesan. "Design of a Thumb Strength Testing Device." In 2018 Design of Medical Devices Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dmd2018-6952.
Full textAbstract:
The scope of the project was to design a pneumatic cylinder for measuring the resistive and applied force of the flexor pollicis longus (FPL) after anterior interosseous nerve (AIN) surgery. The patient’s distal section of the first phalange, of the thumb, is the area of evaluation. The device is intended for assessing both the quality of the surgery results as well as physical therapy progression. Criteria such as mobility, compact design, accuracy, repeatability, and ease of operation are some of the major requirements. The initial prototype is intended to collect FPL strength data to establish operating conditions.
3
Li, Bai, Ben Greenspan, Thomas Mascitelli, Michael Raccuglia, Kayleigh Denner, Raymond Duda, and Michele A. Lobo. "Design of the Playskin Air™: A User-Controlled, Soft Pneumatic Exoskeleton." In 2019 Design of Medical Devices Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dmd2019-3231.
Full textAbstract:
Many children have an upper extremity disability leaving them unable to explore the environment around them. Hard exoskeletons can provide support to lift a child’s arms up against gravity, but these devices are generally large and obtrusive leading to low adherence. Children often prefer to have limited arm function rather than wearing such a device. Our lab has previously designed a passive soft exoskeleton to lift children’s arms, but this did not allow for user control and was limited in the length and weight of arm it could support. Building off of this research, we have created the preliminary design for a user-controlled pneumatic soft exoskeleton that may allow users to independently raise and lower their arms.
4
Tucker, Aaron, Breanne Retherford, Paul Rothweiler, Ahmed Selim, and Art Erdman. "Design and Implementation of a Balloon Catheter Pressure Testing System." In 2020 Design of Medical Devices Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dmd2020-9017.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Medical device companies that aim to sell catheters with pressure sensing elements need a way to test their systems during the design phase. An example of one of these products is an Intra-aortic Balloon Pump (IABP) which provides mechanical pumping assistance to a patient experiencing cardiogenic shock. To test these devices, companies will place the assembly in controlled pressure chamber to examine the response to pressure changes. However, commercially available systems are cost prohibitive. To solve this problem, a custom, low-cost, pneumatic catheter test chamber was designed and built to provide a benchtop platform for experimentation. In order to control the chamber pressure, the electromechanical system utilizes feedback control and solenoid valves controlled by an Arduino microcontroller. Since pneumatic systems exhibit nonlinear behavior, a novel control method was used to implement proportional-integral control and simulate the pressure profile experienced in the human body.
5
Rautiola, Davin, and Ronald A. Siegel. "Nasal Spray Device for Administration of Two-Part Drug Formulations." In 2019 Design of Medical Devices Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dmd2019-3216.
Full textAbstract:
Intranasal drug delivery is an attractive route to noninvasively achieve a rapid therapeutic effect, avoid first pass metabolism, and bypass the blood brain barrier. However, the types of drugs that can be administered by this route has been limited, in part, by device technology. Herein, we describe a pneumatic nasal spray device that is capable of mixing liquid and solid components of a drug formulation as part of the actuation process during dose administration. The ability to store a nasal spray drug formulation as two separate components can be leveraged to solve a variety of stability issues that would otherwise preclude intranasal administration. Examples of drugs that could be delivered intranasally by utilizing this two-part formulation strategy include biomolecules that are unstable in solution and low solubility drugs that can be rendered into metastable supersaturated solutions. A proof of concept nasal spray device prototype was constructed to demonstrate that a liquid and solid can be rapidly mixed and atomized into a spray in a single action. The primary breakup distance and angle of the spray cone were measured as a function of the function of the propellant gas pressure.
6
Cummins, Joshua J., Eric J. Barth, and Douglas E. Adams. "Modeling of a Pneumatic Strain Energy Accumulator for Variable System Configurations With Quantified Projections of Energy Efficiency Increases." In ASME/BATH 2015 Symposium on Fluid Power and Motion Control. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fpmc2015-9605.
Full textAbstract:
The pneumatic Strain Energy Accumulator (pSEA), a device that stores the energy of compressed air in the strain energy of a rubber bladder, has recently undergone proof of concept testing showing promise in compact energy storage applications. An adequate model of the pneumatic strain energy accumulator on a systems level is needed to explore the design space in order to optimize the device. The recent success of the pneumatic strain energy accumulator on an Ankle Foot Orthosis (AFO) medical assist device serves as motivation for such a systems level model. In laboratory experiments the AFO medical assist device has reported from 25–75% energy efficiency improvement when using the pSEA depending on the various parameters of the medical device. Early measurements and calculations for a single stage independent process pSEA indicated a theoretical maximum energy efficiency increase of 33% which lies between the energy efficiency values realized on the AFO device using a single stage coupled process pSEA. A study of a lumped parameter model using measured Pressure-Volume curve data as a model input will be used to quantify energy efficiency increases for a variety of system configurations. Once complete, a set of measurement techniques and tools to successfully realize the strain energy accumulator will be ready to use in quantifying its energy savings.
7
Zhu, Yong. "Smart Device and Network Based Control of a Compliant Ankle-Foot-Orthosis." In ASME 2015 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2015-46195.
Full textAbstract:
Ankle Foot Orthoses (AFO) are externally applied devices that control the foot and ankle joint complex. The goal of this project is to create a smart device and network based mobile control, communicator and mechanical performance analyzer for a prototype AFO, which is powered by artificial pneumatic muscles to aid walking in patients with ankle and foot injuries. The preliminary proof of concept study of the system to improve comfort and offer settings control will be presented. It can potentially provide a higher computing and analyzing power in the design of medical devices by the combination of smart mobile device technology with microcontrollers and Internet.
8
Moon, Michael R., and Lin Lin. "Transient Modelling of Pneumatic Valves in Centrifugal Microfluidic Devices." In ASME 2016 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2016-66386.
Full textAbstract:
Point of care medical instruments benefit from compact fluid handling systems in the microliter range. To handle fluid volumes this small, many novel technologies have been studied. Pneumatic valves offer advantages over other microfluidic valves, including robustness and low cost. These valves are used in centrifugal microfluidic devices, a very active area of research, and take advantage of pneumatic and centrifugal pressure to aliquot and control the flow of fluid. The physics of fluids at the micrometer scale are complex and modelling their behavior using CFD software is challenging. Representing adhesion, surface tension, and other multiphase interactions is critical to accurately model microfluidic behavior. Centrifugal devices must also consider Coriolis, centrifugal, and Euler effects. In this study, a pneumatic valve was designed and simulated using commercial CFD software. The device was also fabricated for verification of the simulation. The simulation demonstrated the multiphase interactions of fluid and air within the rotating device. In a transient analysis of the model, a 6 μl volume of water is held in stable equilibrium by a compressed volume of air at low RPM, while at a higher RPM, the fluid is observed to displace the compressed air as a result of Rayleigh-Taylor instability. Actual devices with comparable geometry were built and tested. The behavior of the valve predicted in the model was in agreement with experimental results produced from the actual devices. The results of the simulation captured the stabilizing effect of both pneumatic pressure and surface tension at low RPM, as well as the instability that results from increased centrifugal and Euler pressure at higher RPM.
9
Govin, Deven, Luis Saenz, Grigoria Athanasaki, Laura Snyder, and Panagiotis Polygerinos. "Design and Development of a Soft Robotic Back Orthosis." In 2018 Design of Medical Devices Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dmd2018-6806.
Full textAbstract:
Chronic back pain is a disorder which affects a large portion of the American population at some time during their lifespan. There are many causes for lower back pain and usually can be an indicator of a serious medical condition. This problem plagues the nation and the world leading to an estimated annual cost for back pain treatment amounts to $50 billion. This problem isn’t isolated to just the United States either, the world at large suffers from back pain and unfortunately modern treatment methods are effective but the technology simply hasn’t progressed in decades. The main drawback appears to be the rigidity of the device, which limits flexibility and comfort. The soft pneumatic actuators of this newfound device have the potential to provide the appropriate applications chronic back pain suffers and post-surgery patients. In this work, the design and development of a soft robotic back orthotic device that has the capability to relieve back pain by assisting patients to fully achieve the upright position and stabilize the lumbosacral spine, is presented. The soft robotic actuators of this device allow the support to be disabled when the patient is in a supported position. Unlike conventional robotic assistive devices, this pneumatically actuated back orthosis provides dynamic support while being lightweight, comfortable, and cost affordable. After testing the device in a laboratory environment, the data overall displays a trend decreasing in EMG activity of the Erector Spinae muscles. This reduced activity leads to a reduction in strain on the patient.
10
Aranda-Michel, Edgar, Jooli Han, and Dennis R. Trumble. "Design of a Muscle-Powered Extra-Aortic Counterpulsation Device for Long-Term Circulatory Support." In 2017 Design of Medical Devices Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dmd2017-3325.
Full textAbstract:
While great strides continue to be made in the treatment of congestive heart failure using mechanical ventricular assist devices (VADs), several longstanding difficulties associated with pumping blood continue to limit their long-term use. Among the most troublesome has been the persistent risk of clot formation at the blood-device interface, which generally requires VAD recipients to undergo costly — and potentially dangerous — anticoagulation therapy for the duration of the implant. Another serious and persistent problem with long-term use of these pumps is the increased risk of infection associated with the use of percutaneous drivelines. To address these issues we are currently exploring a new approach to blood pump design that aims to solve both these problems by avoiding them altogether. Toward that end, we propose to harness the body’s own endogenous energy stores in order to eliminate the need to transmit energy across the skin. Further, we intend to transfer the energy from this internal power source to the circulation without contacting the blood to obviate the thrombogenic risks imposed by devices placed directly into the bloodstream. To power the implant we will employ a device developed previously by our group called a muscle energy converter (MEC), shown in Figure 1. The MEC is, in essence, an implantable hydraulic actuator powered by the latissimus dorsi (LD) muscle with the capacity to transmit up to 1.37 joules of contractile work per stroke [1]. By training the muscle to express fatigue-resistant oxidative fibers and stimulating the LD to contract in coordination with the cardiac cycle, the MEC captures and transmits this contractile energy as a high-pressure low-volume (5 cc) hydraulic pulse that can be used, in principle, to actuate an implanted pulsatile blood pump. The goal of this research is to use the low-volume output of the MEC to drive a polymer-based aortic compression device for long-term circulatory support. In this context it is important to note that the idea of applying a counterpulsation device around the ascending aorta is not new. Indeed, this approach has been validated by clinical trials recently completed by Sunshine Heart Inc. showing that displacing 20 cc of blood at the aortic root has significant therapeutic benefits [2]. Unfortunately, while the pneumatic ‘C-Pulse’ device solves the blood-contacting problem, it suffers from the same limitations as traditional VADs — i.e., driveline infections. The device described here achieves the same volumetric displacement as the SSH device via geometric amplification of MEC outputs. Thus, through this mechanism we believe the low-volume power output of the MEC can be used to support heart failure patients while addressing the major limitations associated with long-term VAD use.